The
most
Humble
and
most
Faithful
Subjects
of
Your
Majesty
,
the
Lords
and
Commons
assembled
in
Parliament
,
HAving
nothing
in
their
Thoughts
and
Desires
more
precious
,
and
of
higher
Esteem
,
after
the
Honour
and
immediate
Service
of
God
,
than
the
just
and
faithful
discharge
of
their
Duty
towards
Your
Majesty
and
this
Kingdom
;
and
being
most
sensible
of
the
Destruction
and
Disorders
,
and
of
the
imminent
Dangers
and
Miseries
which
threaten
your
Majesty
and
Subjects
,
the
which
have
proceeded
from
the
subtle
Informations
,
malicious
Practices
,
and
wicked
Counsels
of
Persons
ill-affected
to
the
true
Religion
of
God
,
to
the
Peace
and
Honour
of
your
Majesty
,
and
to
the
Good
of
the
Commonwealth
;
after
a
serious
Consideration
of
the
Causes
of
these
Mischiefs
,
in
all
Humility
and
Sincerity
they
present
to
Your
Majesty
this
Petition
and
Advice
,
full
of
Duty
;
to
the
end
that
by
Your
Royal
Prudence
,
for
the
Establishment
of
your
Honour
and
Safety
,
and
by
a
tender
Sense
of
the
Good
and
Safety
of
your
Subjects
,
and
your
Estates
,
you
may
please
to
consent
and
agree
unto
these
humble
Desires
and
Propositions
,
as
the
most
necessary
and
most
effectual
means
,
by
the
Blessing
of
the
Lord
,
to
remove
the
Jealousies
and
Differences
that
are
unhappily
begot
between
You
and
your
People
,
and
to
procure
to
You
and
them
a
constant
Current
of
Honour
,
Peace
and
Happiness
.
Proposition
1.
That
the
Lords
and
all
others
of
your
Majesty's
Privy
Council
,
and
such
other
Chief
Officers
of
State
,
as
well
within
the
Kingdom
as
on
the
other
side
of
the
Sea
,
be
put
out
of
all
Offices
and
Employments
,
except
such
as
the
two
Houses
of
Parliament
shall
approve
;
and
that
those
who
shall
be
put
into
their
Places
shall
be
approved
by
Parliament
;
and
that
those
of
the
Council
shall
take
an
Oath
for
the
due
execution
of
their
Charge
in
such
Form
as
the
Parliament
shall
agree
.
2.
That
the
great
Affairs
of
the
Kingdom
shall
not
be
concluded
nor
passed
by
the
Advice
of
private
Persons
,
nor
by
any
Counsellors
unknown
,
or
that
shall
not
have
taken
Oath
;
but
that
such
Matters
as
concern
the
Publick
,
and
are
proper
for
the
High
Court
of
Parliament
,
that
is
your
Majesty's
Great
and
Supreme
Council
,
shall
be
debated
,
resolved
,
and
passed
in
Parliament
,
and
there
only
;
and
those
who
shall
persume
to
do
any
thing
to
the
contrary
,
shall
be
subject
to
the
Censure
and
Judgment
of
the
Parliament
:
And
other
Matters
of
State
that
are
proper
for
the
Privy
Council
of
your
Majesty
,
shall
be
debated
and
concluded
by
the
Nobles
,
and
others
who
shall
be
chosen
for
that
end
,
from
time
to
time
,
by
the
two
Houses
of
Parliament
;
and
that
every
publick
Act
that
concerns
the
Affairs
of
the
Kingdom
,
and
shall
be
agreed
by
the
Council
,
shall
be
esteemed
of
no
force
,
and
as
not
proceeding
from
the
Royal
Authority
,
if
at
least
the
greatest
part
of
your
Council
have
not
consented
thereunto
,
and
signed
the
same
;
and
that
your
Council
shall
be
brought
to
a
certain
Number
that
shall
not
exceed
twenty
five
,
nor
be
under
fifteen
;
and
if
it
happen
that
any
Counsellor's
Place
becomes
void
during
the
Intervals
of
Parliament
,
it
shall
be
supplied
by
the
Plurality
of
Voices
of
those
of
your
Council
,
which
shall
be
either
confirmed
or
voided
at
the
first
Sessions
of
Parliament
.
3.
That
the
Lord
High
Steward
of
England
,
the
Great
Constable
,
the
Chancellor
,
the
Keepers
of
the
Seals
,
the
Great
Treasurer
,
the
Keeper
of
the
Privy
Seal
,
the
Earl
Marshal
,
the
Admiral
,
the
Governour
of
the
Cinque-Ports
,
the
Lieutenant
of
Ireland
,
the
Chancellor
of
the
Exchequer
,
the
Master
of
the
Court
of
Wards
,
the
Secretaries
of
State
,
the
two
Chief
Justices
,
and
the
Chief
Baron
,
shall
be
chosen
with
the
Approbation
of
the
two
Houses
of
Parliament
,
and
in
the
Intervals
of
Parliament
by
the
major
part
of
the
Privy
Council
,
with
the
Condition
above
mentioned
in
the
Choice
of
the
Counsellors
of
State
.
4.
That
the
Governour
of
the
Children
of
the
King
shall
be
chosen
with
the
Approbation
of
Parliament
;
and
in
the
Intervals
of
Parliament
in
the
manner
before-mentioned
;
and
of
the
Servants
that
are
already
about
them
,
the
Parliament
shall
change
such
as
they
think
fit
.
5.
That
the
Children
of
the
King
shall
not
marry
without
the
Advice
of
the
Parliament
;
and
those
who
shall
be
employed
therein
without
their
knowledg
,
shall
be
punished
by
the
Parliament
.
6.
That
the
Laws
against
Popish
Recusants
shall
be
put
in
effectual
execution
,
and
that
those
of
them
who
are
Prisoners
,
shall
not
be
set
at
liberty
without
giving
good
Security
.
7.
That
Papists
shall
have
no
Vote
in
Councils
,
and
that
their
Children
shall
be
brought
up
in
the
Protestant
Religion
.
8.
That
the
Parliament
shall
reform
the
Liturgy
and
the
Government
of
the
Church
,
as
they
shall
think
fit
,
with
the
Advice
of
Divines
:
That
your
Majesty
shall
assist
to
put
a
stop
to
Innovations
,
to
expel
suspicious
and
scandalous
Ministers
,
and
for
the
countenancing
of
a
godly
and
preaching
Ministry
throughout
the
Nation
.
9.
That
it
will
please
your
Majesty
to
content
your self
with
the
Order
that
the
Parliament
hath
established
in
the
Militia
,
until
an
Act
be
agreed
on
for
that
purpose
;
and
that
your
Majesty
will
recal
the
Declarations
and
Proclamations
against
the
Orders
given
therein
by
the
Parliament
.
10.
That
every
Member
of
Parliament
that
hath
been
put
out
of
his
Employment
or
Office
,
shall
be
re-established
,
or
Satisfaction
given
him
.
11.
That
the
Privy
Counsellors
and
Judges
shall
take
such
Oath
as
shall
be
agreed
on
by
Parliament
,
for
the
doing
of
Justice
,
and
observing
the
Statutes
that
shall
be
agreed
on
by
this
Parliament
;
and
that
Report
be
made
every
Session
of
Parliament
,
of
the
evil
Administration
of
Justice
.
12.
That
all
Officers
shall
enjoy
their
Places
so
long
,
and
no
longer
than
they
behave
themselves
well
therein
.
13.
That
all
Persons
shall
be
subject
to
the
Justice
of
the
Parliament
,
even
altho
they
remove
themselves
beyond
the
Seas
.
14.
That
the
Amnesty
accorded
by
your
Majesty
shall
have
such
Exceptions
therein
as
the
Parliament
shall
think
fit
.
15.
That
the
Fortresses
of
the
Kingdom
shall
have
Governours
of
the
Choice
of
your
Majesty
,
yet
of
the
Approbation
of
the
Parliament
,
and
in
the
Intervals
of
Parliament
as
is
afore
said
.
16.
That
the
extraordinary
Guard
that
your
Majesty
hath
at
present
about
you
,
may
be
discharged
,
and
that
for
the
time
to
come
you
will
raise
no
such
extraordinary
Guards
,
but
according
to
Law
,
in
case
of
actual
Rebellion
or
Invasion
.
17.
That
it
will
please
your
Majesty
to
confirm
your
Leagues
with
the
United
Provinces
,
and
other
Princes
of
the
Protestant
Religion
,
that
you
may
be
the
more
capable
to
defend
it
against
Popish
Attempts
;
which
will
bring
much
Reputation
to
your
Majesty
,
and
encourage
your
Subjects
to
endeavour
in
a
Parliamentary
way
to
re-establish
your
Sifter
and
her
Children
,
and
other
Princes
,
oppressed
for
the
same
Cause
.
18.
That
it
will
please
your
Majesty
to
clear
,
by
an
Act
of
Parliament
,
the
Lord
Kimbolton
,
and
the
five
Members
of
the
House
of
Commons
,
so
that
future
Parliaments
may
be
secured
against
the
Consequence
of
such
ill
Examples
.
19.
That
it
will
please
your
Majesty
of
your
Grace
to
pass
an
Act
,
That
the
Peers
created
hereafter
shall
have
no
Place
nor
Voice
in
Parliament
,
at
least
unless
they
are
admitted
thereunto
by
the
Parliament
.
These
humble
Requests
being
granted
unto
us
by
your
Majesty
,
we
shall
endeavour
,
as
we
ought
,
to
regulate
the
Revenue
of
your
Majesty
,
and
to
increase
it
more
and
more
,
in
such
sort
,
that
it
shall
support
the
Dignity
Royal
with
Honour
and
Abundance
,
beyond
whatever
the
Subjects
of
this
Kingdom
have
allowed
to
their
Kings
your
Majesty's
Predecessors
.
We
will
put
also
the
Town
of
Hull
into
such
Hands
as
your
Majesty
shall
please
,
with
the
Approbation
of
the
Parliament
,
and
will
give
a
good
Account
of
the
Munitions
of
War
,
and
of
the
Magazine
.
And
to
conclude
,
we
shall
chearfully
do
our
Endeavours
to
give
unto
your
Majesty
Testimony
of
our
Affection
,
Duty
and
Faithfulness
,
to
preserve
and
maintain
your
Royal
Honour
,
the
Greatness
and
Safety
of
your
Majesty
,
and
of
your
Posterity
.
These
Propositions
were
delivered
to
the
King
by
the
Commissioners
of
the
Parliament
,
but
without
Success
,
he
being
resolved
to
steer
another
Course
,
presuming
he
might
obtain
as
good
Terms
as
these
,
if
reduced
to
the
last
Extremity
;
and
that
if
his
Arms
succeeded
according
to
his
Hopes
,
his
Will
might
pass
for
a
Law
,
pursuant
to
the
Opinion
of
those
who
thought
no
way
so
likely
to
render
his
Authority
absolute
,
as
the
making
of
a
War
upon
his
People
.
And
now
the
Fire
began
to
break
out
in
the
West
;
Sir
John
Stawell
and
others
drawing
a
Party
together
in
Somersetshire
for
the
King
,
where
Captain
Preston
and
others
opposed
them
;
and
about
Martials
Elm
on
PoldenHill
,
some
of
those
who
declared
for
the
Parliament
were
killed
.
Whereupon
the
Parliament
ordered
some
Horse
to
be
raised
,
which
they
sent
down
under
the
Command
of
the
Earl
of
Bedford
,
to
protect
their
Friends
in
those
Parts
.
By
which
means
the
Enemy
being
forced
to
quit
the
Field
,
betook
themselves
to
the
Castle
of
Sherburn
in
Dorsetshire
,
which
after
a
short
Siege
was
surrendred
to
the
Parliament
.
Portsmouth
was
also
secured
for
the
Parliament
by
the
young
Lord
Goring
,
then
Governour
thereof
;
but
he
afterwards
declaring
for
the
King
,
it
was
besieged
and
reduced
by
their
Forces
,
and
the
Government
of
it
entrusted
to
Sir
William
Lewis
.
The
King
having
set
up
his
Standard
at
Nottingham
the
24
th
of
August
,
1642.
the
Parliament
thought
themselves
obliged
to
make
some
Preparations
to
defend
themselves
,
having
discovered
that
he
had
sent
abroad
to
procure
what
Assistance
he
could
against
his
People
,
particularly
applying
himself
to
the
King
of
Denmark
,
acquainting
him
,
that
the
two
Houses
,
to
make
their
Work
sure
against
him
,
were
endeavouring
to
prove
Queen
Ann
a
Whore
,
and
thereby
illegitimate
all
her
Issue
;
earnestly
pressing
him
in
vindication
of
his
injured
Sister
,
as
well
as
in
consideration
of
his
own
relation
to
him
,
to
send
him
Succours
.
This
Letter
was
intercepted
and
brought
to
the
Parliament
,
who
by
a
Declaration
protested
that
no
such
thing
had
ever
entred
into
their
Thoughts
.
The
King
also
endeavoured
,
under
pretence
of
Law
,
to
take
away
the
Lives
of
Dr.
Bastwick
and
Captain
Robert
Ludlow
,
for
acting
in
obedience
to
the
Commands
of
the
Parliament
;
and
had
proceeded
to
their
Execution
,
had
not
the
Parliament
by
a
Message
sent
to
Judg
Heath
,
and
delivered
to
him
on
the
Bench
,
threatned
a
Retaliation
,
by
executing
two
for
one
in
case
they
went
on
,
which
put
a
stop
to
that
Design
.
The
Parliament
having
passed
the
following
Votes
,
-
1.
That
the
King
seduced
by
evil
Counsel
,
intends
to
levy
War
against
the
Parliament
;
-
2.
That
when
the
King
doth
levy
War
against
the
Parliament
,
he
breaks
his
Trust
,
and
doth
that
which
tends
to
the
Dissolution
of
the
Parliament
;
-
3.
That
whosoever
shall
assist
him
in
such
a
War
,
are
Traitors
,
and
shall
be
proceeded
against
accordingly
;
prepared
for
the
raising
of
an
Army
,
and
published
several
Declarations
,
inviting
the
good
People
of
England
to
assist
them
with
their
Prayers
,
Persons
,
and
Purses
,
to
carry
on
this
War
,
which
they
were
necessitated
to
enter
into
for
the
Defence
of
the
Religion
,
Laws
,
Liberties
,
and
Parliament
of
England
.
The
Protestation
taken
by
both
Houses
,
and
by
them
proposed
to
the
People
,
to
stand
by
each
other
in
their
just
and
necessary
Undertaking
,
was
readily
and
chearfully
taken
by
many
in
London
and
elsewhere
;
and
divers
hundreds
on
Horseback
from
the
Counties
of
Buckingham
,
Hartford
and
Essex
,
came
up
with
their
several
Petitions
,
acknowledging
the
Care
and
Faithfulness
of
the
Parliament
in
the
discharge
of
their
Trust
,
and
promising
to
stand
by
them
in
the
carrying
on
of
what
they
had
declared
for
.
Declarations
were
also
set
forth
by
the
two
Houses
,
encouraging
the
People
to
provide
Horses
and
Arms
,
and
to
bring
in
Plate
and
Money
for
their
necessary
Defence
,
engaging
the
Credit
of
the
Publick
for
the
Reimbursement
of
what
should
be
so
advanced
.
Which
Contributions
arising
to
the
Value
of
a
great
Sum
,
they
declared
their
Intentions
of
raising
a
certain
Number
of
Horse
and
Foot
,
with
a
proportionable
Train
of
Artillery
,
and
voted
the
Earl
of
Essex
to
be
their
General
;
whom
the
King
(
to
take
him
off
from
the
Publick
Interest
)
had
lately
made
Chamberlain
of
his
Houshold
.
Upon
the
same
account
he
had
also
preferred
the
Lord
Say
to
be
Master
of
the
Court
of
Wards
,
and
Mr.
Oliver
St.
Johns
to
be
his
Solicitor
General
.
But
this
could
not
corrupt
the
Earl
of
Essex
,
nor
hinder
him
from
discharging
vigorously
that
Trust
which
the
Parliament
had
reposed
in
him
.
Divers
of
the
Lords
and
Commons
engaged
their
Lives
with
him
,
and
under
him
:
Of
the
Lords
,
the
Earl
of
Bedford
,
who
was
General
of
the
Horse
,
the
Lord
Peterborough
,
the
Lord
Willoughby
of
Parham
,
the
Lord
Denbigh
,
the
Lord
St.
John
,
the
Lord
Rochford
;
and
of
the
Commons
,
Mr.
Hampden
and
Mr.
Hollis
,
who
raised
Regiments
;
Sir
Philip
Stapylton
,
who
commanded
the
Earl
of
Essex's
Guard
,
and
Mr.
Oliver
Cromwell
,
who
commanded
a
Troop
of
Horse
,
and
divers
others
.
The
Earl
of
Northumberland
,
who
was
High
Admiral
,
staid
with
the
Parliament
.
The
Earl
of
Warwick
,
whom
they
made
Vice-Admiral
,
kept
the
greatest
part
of
the
Fleet
in
obedience
to
them
.
Things
being
brought
to
this
Extremity
,
the
Nation
was
driven
to
a
necessity
of
Arming
in
defence
of
the
Laws
,
openly
and
frequently
violated
by
the
King
;
who
had
made
it
the
chief
business
of
his
Reign
to
invade
the
Rights
and
Privileges
of
the
People
,
raising
Taxes
by
various
Arts
without
their
Consent
in
Parliament
;
encouraging
and
preferring
a
formal
and
superstitious
Clergy
,
discouraging
the
sober
and
vertuous
amongst
them
;
imposing
upon
all
the
Inventions
of
Men
in
the
room
of
the
Institutions
of
God
:
And
knowing
that
Parliaments
were
the
most
likely
means
to
rectify
what
was
amiss
,
to
give
a
check
to
his
Ambition
,
and
to
punish
the
principal
Instruments
of
that
illegal
Power
which
he
had
assumed
,
had
endeavoured
either
to
prevent
their
Meeting
,
or
to
render
them
fruitless
to
the
People
,
and
only
serviceable
to
his
corrupt
ends
,
by
granting
him
Money
to
carry
on
his
pernicious
Designs
:
A
Parliament
being
now
called
,
and
an
Act
passed
,
authorizing
them
to
fit
till
they
should
think
fit
to
dissolve
themselves
:
And
it
being
manifest
to
them
,
and
to
all
those
who
had
any
Concern
for
the
Happiness
of
the
Nation
,
that
the
King
would
do
nothing
effectually
to
redress
the
present
,
or
to
secure
the
People
from
future
Mischiefs
;
chusing
rather
to
contend
with
them
by
Arms
,
than
for
their
satisfaction
to
entrust
the
Militia
in
faithful
Hands
;
resolving
to
impose
that
by
the
Force
of
his
Arms
which
he
could
not
do
by
the
Strength
of
his
Arguments
:
I
thought
it
my
Duty
,
upon
consideration
of
my
Age
and
vigorous
Constitution
,
as
an
English-man
,
and
an
Invitation
to
that
purpose
from
my
Father
,
to
enter
into
the
Service
of
my
Country
,
in
the
Army
commanded
by
the
Earl
of
Essex
under
the
Authority
of
the
Parliament
.
I
thought
the
Justice
of
that
Cause
I
had
engaged
in
to
be
so
evident
,
that
I
could
not
imagine
it
to
be
attended
with
much
Difficulty
.
For
tho
I
supposed
that
many
of
the
Clergy
,
who
had
been
the
principal
Authors
of
our
Miseries
,
together
with
some
of
the
Courtiers
,
and
such
as
absolutely
depended
upon
the
King
for
their
Subsistence
,
as
also
some
Foreigners
,
would
adhere
to
him
;
yet
I
could
not
think
that
many
of
the
People
,
who
had
been
long
oppressed
with
heavy
Burdens
,
and
now
with
great
difficulty
had
obtained
a
Parliament
,
composed
of
such
Persons
as
were
willing
to
run
all
Hazards
to
procure
a
lasting
Settlement
for
the
Nation
,
would
be
either
such
Enemies
to
themselves
,
or
so
ungrateful
to
those
they
had
trusted
,
as
not
to
stand
by
them
to
the
utmost
of
their
Power
:
at
least
(
tho
some
might
not
have
so
much
Resolution
and
Courage
as
to
venture
All
with
them
,
yet
)
that
they
would
not
be
so
treacherous
and
unworthy
,
to
strengthen
the
Hands
of
the
Enemy
against
those
who
had
the
Laws
of
God
,
Nature
and
Reason
,
as
well
as
those
of
the
Land
on
their
side
.
Soon
after
my
Engagement
in
this
Cause
,
I
met
with
Mr.
Richard
Fynes
,
Son
to
the
Lord
Say
,
and
Mr.
Charles
Fleetwood
,
Son
to
Sir
Miles
Eleetwood
,
then
a
Member
of
the
House
of
Commons
;
with
whom
consulting
,
it
was
resolved
by
us
to
assemble
as
many
young
Gentlemen
of
the
Inns
of
Court
,
of
which
we
then
were
,
and
others
,
as
should
be
found
disposed
to
this
Service
,
in
order
to
be
instructed
together
in
the
use
of
Arms
,
to
render
our selves
fit
and
capable
of
acting
in
case
there
should
be
occasion
to
make
use
of
us
.
To
this
end
we
procured
a
Person
experienced
in
military
Affairs
to
instruct
us
in
the
use
of
Arms
;
and
for
some
time
we
frequently
met
to
exercise
at
the
Artillery-Ground
in
London
.
And
being
informed
that
the
Parliament
had
resolved
to
raise
a
Life-Guard
for
the
Earl
of
Essex
,
to
consist
of
a
hundred
Gentlemen
,
under
the
Command
of
Sir
Philip
Stapylton
,
a
Member
of
Parliament
,
most
of
our
Company
entred
themselves
therein
,
and
made
up
the
greatest
part
of
the
said
Guard
;
amongst
whom
were
Mr.
Richard
Fynes
,
Mr.
Charles
Fleetwood
,
afterwards
Lieutenant
General
,
Major
General
Harrison
,
Colonel
Nathanael
Rich
,
Colonel
Thomlinson
,
Colonel
Twisleton
,
Colonel
Bosewell
,
Major
Whitby
,
and
my self
,
with
divers
others
.
It
was
not
long
before
the
Army
under
the
Command
of
the
Earl
of
Essex
was
raised
,
and
ready
to
march
;
so
cheerfully
did
the
People
,
hoping
that
the
time
of
their
Deliverance
was
come
,
offer
their
Persons
and
all
that
was
necessary
for
the
carrying
on
of
that
Work
.
The
appearance
for
the
King
was
not
very
considerable
whilst
he
continued
at
York
;
but
when
he
removed
to
Shrewsbery
,
great
Numbers
out
of
Wales
and
the
adjacent
Parts
resorted
to
him
.
The
Earl
of
Essex
having
notice
that
the
King
directed
his
March
that
way
,
advanced
with
his
Army
towards
Worcester
;
and
upon
his
approach
to
that
Town
received
Advice
,
that
a
Detachment
commanded
by
Prince
Rupert
had
possessed
themselves
of
it
for
the
King
;
and
that
a
Party
of
ours
impatient
of
Delay
,
had
engaged
the
Enemy
before
our
General
could
come
up
,
with
great
Disadvantage
,
as
I
after
wards
observed
upon
view
of
the
Place
.
Ours
consisted
of
about
a
thousand
Horse
and
Dragoons
,
the
Enemy
being
more
in
number
,
and
drawn
up
in
a
body
,
within
Musquet-shot
of
a
Bridg
between
Parshot
and
Worcester
,
over
which
our
Men
resolved
to
march
and
attack
them
;
but
before
half
their
number
was
got
over
,
not
being
able
to
advance
above
eight
or
ten
abreast
by
reason
of
a
narrow
Lane
through
which
they
were
to
pass
,
till
they
came
within
Pistol-shot
of
the
Enemy
,
they
were
engaged
,
and
forced
to
retreat
in
Disorder
,
tho
they
did
as
much
as
could
well
be
expected
from
them
upon
so
disadvantageous
a
Ground
.
Some
were
killed
upon
the
place
;
amongst
whom
was
Major
Gunter
,
a
very
gallant
Man
,
who
,
as
I
have
heard
,
had
endeavoured
to
disswade
them
from
that
Attempt
;
others
were
drowned
,
and
divers
taken
Prisoners
;
of
the
last
was
Colonel
Sands
,
who
commanded
the
Party
,
and
was
carried
to
Worcester
,
where
,
being
mortally
wounded
,
he
soon
died
,
with
all
possible
Expressions
of
his
hearty
Affection
to
the
Publick
Cause
.
The
Body
of
our
routed
Party
returned
in
great
Disorder
to
Parshot
,
at
which
place
our
Life-Guard
was
appointed
to
quarter
that
Night
;
where
,
as
we
were
marching
into
the
Town
,
we
discovered
Horsemen
riding
very
hard
towards
us
with
drawn
Swords
,
and
many
of
them
without
Hats
,
from
whom
we
understood
the
Particulars
of
our
Loss
,
not
without
Improvement
,
by
reason
of
the
Fear
with
which
they
were
possessed
,
telling
us
,
that
the
Enemy
was
hard
by
in
pursuit
of
them
:
whereas
it
afterwards
appeared
,
they
came
not
within
four
Miles
of
that
place
.
Our
Life-Guard
being
for
the
most
part
Strangers
to
things
of
this
nature
,
were
much
alarm'd
with
this
Report
;
yet
some
of
us
unwilling
to
give
credit
to
it
till
we
were
better
informed
,
offered
our selves
to
go
out
upon
a
surther
Discovery
of
the
matter
.
But
our
Captain
Sir
Philip
Stapylton
not
being
then
with
us
,
his
Lieutenant
one
Bainham
,
an
old
Souldier
(
a
Generation
of
Men
much
cried
up
at
that
time
)
drawing
us
into
a
Field
,
where
he
pretended
we
might
more
advantageously
charge
if
there
should
be
occasion
,
commanded
us
to
wheel
about
;
but
our
Gentlemen
not
yet
well
understanding
the
difference
between
wheeling
about
,
and
shifting
for
themselves
,
their
Backs
being
now
towards
the
Enemy
,
whom
they
thought
to
be
close
in
the
Rear
,
retired
to
the
Army
in
a
very
dishonourable
manner
,
and
the
next
Morning
rallied
at
the
Head-quarters
,
where
we
received
but
cold
Welcome
from
the
General
,
as
we
well
deserved
.
The
Night
following
the
Enemy
left
Worcester
,
and
retreated
to
Shrewsbery
,
where
the
King
was
;
upon
which
the
Earl
of
Essex
advanced
to
Worcester
,
where
he
continued
with
the
Army
for
some
time
,
expecting
an
Answer
to
a
Message
sent
by
him
to
the
King
from
the
Parliament
,
inviting
him
to
return
to
London
.
This
Time
the
King
improved
to
compleat
and
arm
his
Men
;
which
when
he
had
effected
,
he
began
his
March
,
the
Earl
of
Essex
attending
him
to
observe
his
Motions
:
and
after
a
day
or
two
,
on
Sunday
Morning
,
the
23d
of
October
,
1642.
our
Scouts
brought
advice
that
the
Enemy
appeared
,
and
about
nine
a
Clock
some
of
their
Troops
were
discovered
upon
Edge-hill
in
Warwickshire
.
Upon
this
our
Forces
who
had
been
order'd
that
Morning
to
their
Quarters
to
refresh
themselves
,
having
had
but
little
Rest
for
eight
and
forty
Hours
,
were
immediately
countermanded
.
The
Enemy
drew
down
the
Hill
,
and
we
into
the
Field
near
Keinton
.
The
best
of
our
Field-pieces
were
planted
upon
our
right
Wing
,
guarded
by
two
Regiments
of
Foot
,
and
some
Horse
.
Our
General
having
commanded
to
fire
upon
the
Enemy
,
it
was
done
twice
upon
that
part
of
the
Army
,
wherein
,
as
it
was
reported
,
the
King
was
.
The
great
Shot
was
exchanged
on
both
sides
for
the
space
of
an
hour
or
thereabouts
.
By
this
time
the
Foot
began
to
engage
,
and
a
Party
of
the
Enemy
being
sent
to
line
some
Hedges
on
our
right
Wing
,
thereby
to
beat
us
from
our
Ground
,
were
repulsed
by
our
Dragoons
without
any
Loss
on
our
side
.
The
Enemy's
Body
of
Foot
,
wherein
the
King's
Standard
was
,
came
on
within
Musquet-shot
of
us
;
upon
which
we
observing
no
Horse
to
encounter
withal
,
charged
them
with
some
Loss
from
their
Pikes
,
tho
very
little
from
their
Shot
;
but
not
being
able
to
break
them
,
we
retreated
to
our
former
Station
,
whither
we
were
no
sooner
come
,
but
we
perceived
that
those
who
were
appointed
to
guard
the
Artillery
were
marched
off
:
and
Sir
Philip
Stapylton
our
Captain
wishing
for
a
Regiment
of
Foot
to
secure
the
Cannon
,
we
promised
to
stand
by
him
in
defence
of
them
,
causing
one
of
our
Servants
to
load
and
level
one
of
them
,
which
he
had
scarce
done
,
when
a
Body
of
Horse
appeared
advancing
towards
us
from
that
side
where
the
Enemy
was
.
We
fired
at
them
with
Case-shot
,
but
did
no
other
Mischief
save
only
wounding
one
Man
through
the
Hand
,
our
Gun
being
overloaded
,
and
planted
on
high
Ground
;
which
sell
out
very
happily
,
this
Body
of
Horse
being
of
our
own
Army
,
and
commanded
by
Sir
William
Balfour
,
who
with
great
Resolution
had
charged
into
the
Enemy's
Quarters
,
where
he
had
nailed
several
pieces
of
their
Cannon
,
and
was
then
retreating
to
his
own
Party
,
of
which
the
Man
who
was
shot
in
the
Hand
was
giving
us
notice
by
holding
it
up
;
but
we
did
not
discern
it
.
The
Earl
of
Essex
order'd
two
Regiments
of
Foot
to
attack
that
Body
which
we
had
charged
before
,
where
the
King's
Standard
was
,
which
they
did
,
but
could
not
break
them
till
Sir
William
Balfour
at
the
head
of
a
Party
of
Horse
charging
them
in
the
Rear
,
and
we
marching
down
to
take
them
in
Flank
,
they
brake
and
ran
away
towards
the
Hill
.
Many
of
them
were
killed
upon
the
place
,
amongst
whom
was
Sir
Edward
Varney
the
King's
Standard-bearer
,
who
,
as
I
have
heard
from
a
Person
of
Honour
,
engaged
on
that
side
,
not
out
of
any
good
opinion
of
the
Cause
,
but
from
the
Sense
of
a
Duty
which
he
thought
lay
upon
him
,
in
respect
of
his
Relation
to
the
King
.
Mr.
Herbert
of
Glamorganshire
,
Lieutenant
Colonel
to
Sir
Edward
Stradling's
Regiment
,
was
also
killed
,
with
many
others
that
fell
in
the
Pursuit
.
Many
Colours
were
taken
,
and
I
saw
Lieutenant
Colonel
Middleton
,
then
a
Resormade
in
our
Army
,
displaying
the
King's
Standard
which
he
had
taken
:
but
a
Party
of
Horse
coming
upon
us
,
we
were
obliged
to
retire
with
our
Standard
;
and
having
brought
it
to
the
Earl
of
Essex
,
he
delivered
it
to
the
Custody
of
one
Mr.
Chambers
his
Secretary
,
from
whom
it
was
taken
by
one
Captain
Smith
,
who
,
with
two
more
,
disguising
themselves
with
Orange-colour'd
Scarfs
,
(
the
Earl
of
Essex's
Colour
)
and
pretending
it
unfit
that
a
Penman
should
have
the
Honour
to
carry
the
Standard
,
took
it
from
him
,
and
rode
with
it
to
the
King
,
for
which
Action
he
was
knighted
.
Retreating
towards
our
Army
,
I
fell
in
with
a
body
of
the
King's
Foot
,
as
I
soon
perceived
;
but
having
passed
by
them
undiscovered
,
I
met
with
Sir
William
Balfour's
Troop
,
some
of
whom
who
knew
me
not
would
have
fired
upon
me
,
supposing
me
to
be
an
Enemy
,
had
they
not
been
prevented
,
and
assured
of
the
contrary
by
Mr.
Francis
Russell
,
who
with
ten
Men
well
mounted
and
armed
,
which
he
maintained
,
rode
in
the
Life-Guard
,
and
in
the
heat
of
the
pursuit
had
lost
sight
of
them
,
as
I
my self
had
also
done
.
I
now
perceived
no
other
Engagement
on
either
side
,
only
a
few
great
Guns
continued
to
fire
upon
us
from
the
Enemy
:
but
towards
the
close
of
the
Day
we
discovered
a
body
of
Horse
marching
from
our
Rear
on
the
left
of
us
under
the
Hedges
,
which
the
Life
Guard
(
whom
I
had
then
found
)
having
discovered
to
be
the
Enemy
,
and
resolving
to
charge
them
,
sent
to
some
of
our
Troops
that
stood
within
Musquet-shot
of
us
to
second
them
;
which
tho
they
refused
to
do
,
and
we
had
no
way
to
come
at
them
but
through
a
Gap
in
the
Hedg
,
we
advanced
towards
them
,
and
falling
upon
their
Rear
,
killed
divers
of
them
,
and
brought
off
some
Arms.
In
which
Attempt
being
dismounted
.
I
could
not
without
great
difficulty
recover
on
Horse-back
again
,
being
loaded
with
Cuirassiers
Arms
,
as
the
rest
of
the
Guard
also
were
.
This
was
the
Right
Wing
of
the
King's
Horse
commanded
by
Prince
Rupert
,
who
taking
advantage
of
the
Disorder
that
our
own
Horse
had
put
our
Foot
into
,
who
had
opened
their
Ranks
to
secure
them
in
their
Retreat
,
pressed
upon
them
with
such
Fury
,
that
he
put
them
to
flight
.
And
if
the
time
which
he
spent
in
pursuing
them
too
far
,
and
in
plundering
the
Wagons
,
had
been
employed
in
taking
such
Advantages
as
offered
themselves
in
the
place
where
the
Fight
was
,
it
might
have
proved
more
serviceable
to
the
carrying
on
of
the
Enemy's
Designs
.
The
Night
after
the
Battle
our
Army
quartered
upon
the
same
Ground
that
the
Enemy
sought
on
the
day
before
.
No
Man
nor
Horse
got
any
Meat
that
Night
,
and
I
had
touched
none
since
the
Saturday
before
,
neither
could
I
find
my
Servant
who
had
my
Cloak
,
so
that
having
nothing
to
keep
me
warm
but
a
Sute
of
Iron
,
I
was
obliged
to
walk
about
all
Night
,
which
proved
very
cold
by
reason
of
a
sharp
Frost
.
Towards
Morning
our
Army
having
received
a
Reinforcement
of
Colonel
Hampden's
and
several
other
Regiments
,
to
the
number
of
about
four
thousand
Men
,
who
had
not
been
able
to
join
us
sooner
,
was
drawn
up
;
and
about
Day-light
we
saw
the
Enemy
upon
the
top
of
the
Hill
:
so
that
we
had
time
to
bury
our
Dead
,
and
theirs
too
if
we
thought
fit
.
That
Day
was
spent
in
sending
Trumpeters
to
enquire
whether
such
as
were
missing
on
both
sides
were
killed
,
or
Prisoners
.
Those
of
ours
taken
by
the
Enemy
were
the
Lord
St.
Johns
,
who
was
mortally
wounded
,
and
declared
at
his
Death
a
full
Satisfaction
and
Cheerfulness
to
lay
down
his
Life
in
so
good
a
Cause
;
Colonel
Walton
a
Member
of
Parliament
,
and
Captain
Austin
an
eminent
Merchant
in
London
;
of
whom
the
last
died
through
the
hard
Usage
he
received
in
the
Goal
at
Oxford
,
to
which
he
was
committed
.
It
was
observed
that
the
greatest
Slaughter
on
our
side
was
of
such
as
ran
away
,
and
on
the
Enemy's
side
of
those
that
stood
;
of
whom
I
saw
about
threescore
lie
within
the
compass
of
threescore
Yards
upon
the
Ground
whereon
that
Brigade
fought
in
which
the
King's
Standard
was
.
We
took
Prisoners
the
Earl
of
Lindsey
,
General
of
the
King's
Army
,
who
died
of
his
Wounds
;
Sir
Edward
Stradling
,
and
Colonel
Lunsford
,
who
were
sent
to
Warwick-Castle
.
That
Night
the
Country
brought
in
some
Provisions
;
but
when
I
got
Meat
I
could
scarce
eat
it
,
my
Jaws
for
want
of
use
having
almost
lost
their
natural
Faculty
.
Our
Army
was
now
refreshed
,
and
Masters
of
the
Field
;
and
having
received
such
a
considerable
Addition
of
Strength
as
I
mentioned
before
,
we
hoped
that
we
should
have
pursued
the
Enemy
,
who
were
marching
off
as
fast
as
they
could
,
leaving
only
some
Troops
to
face
us
upon
the
top
of
the
Hill
:
but
instead
of
that
,
for
what
reason
I
know
not
,
we
marched
to
Warwick
;
of
which
the
Enemy
having
notice
,
sent
out
a
Party
of
Horse
under
Prince
Rupert
,
who
on
Tuesday
Night
fell
into
the
Town
of
Keinton
,
where
our
sick
and
wounded
Souldiers
lay
,
and
after
they
had
cruelly
murdered
many
of
them
,
returned
to
their
Army
.
The
King
,
as
if
Master
of
the
Field
,
marched
to
Banbury
,
and
summoned
it
;
and
tho
about
a
thousand
of
our
Men
were
in
the
Town
,
yet
pretending
it
not
to
be
sufficiently
provided
for
a
Siege
,
they
surrendred
it
to
him
.
From
thence
the
King
went
to
Oxford
,
and
our
Army
after
some
Refreshment
at
Warwick
returned
to
London
,
not
like
Men
that
had
obtained
a
Victory
,
but
as
if
they
had
been
beaten
.
The
Parliament
ordered
them
to
be
recruited
;
and
about
the
same
time
sent
to
the
King
,
who
was
advanced
with
part
of
his
Army
to
Maidenhead
,
or
thereabouts
,
to
assure
him
of
their
earnest
Desire
to
prevent
the
effusion
of
more
Blood
,
and
to
procure
a
right
Understanding
between
his
Majesty
and
Them
.
The
King
in
his
Answer
,
which
was
brought
by
Sir
Peter
Killegrew
,
professed
to
desire
nothing
more
,
and
that
he
would
leave
no
means
unattempred
for
the
effecting
thereof
.
Upon
which
Answer
the
Parliament
thought
themselves
secure
,
at
least
against
any
sudden
Attempt
:
But
the
very
next
day
the
King
taking
the
advantage
of
a
very
thick
Mist
,
marched
his
Army
within
half
a
Mile
of
Brentford
before
he
was
discovered
,
designing
to
surprize
our
Train
of
Artillery
,
(
which
was
then
at
Hammersmith
)
the
Parliament
and
City
;
which
he
had
certainly
done
,
if
two
Regiments
of
Foot
and
a
small
Party
of
Horse
that
lay
at
Brentford
had
not
with
unspeakable
Courage
opposed
his
Passage
,
and
stopt
the
March
of
his
Army
most
part
of
the
Afternoon
:
During
which
time
the
Army
that
lay
quarter'd
in
and
about
London
drew
together
;
which
some
of
them
,
and
particularly
the
Life-Guard
,
had
opportunity
the
sooner
to
do
,
being
at
that
very
time
drawn
into
Chelsey-Fields
to
muster
,
where
they
heard
the
Vollies
of
Shot
that
passed
between
the
Enemy
and
our
little
Party
;
the
Dispute
continued
for
some
Hours
,
till
our
Men
were
encompassed
quite
round
with
Horse
and
Foot
;
and
then
being
over-power'd
with
Numbers
on
every
side
,
many
brave
and
gallant
Men
having
lost
their
Lives
upon
the
Place
,
the
rest
chusing
rather
to
commit
themselves
to
the
Mercy
of
the
Water
,
than
to
those
who
were
engaged
in
so
treacherous
a
Design
,
leap'd
into
the
River
,
where
many
Officers
and
private
Souldiers
were
drowned
,
and
some
taken
Prisoners
.
However
the
Enemies
Design
was
by
this
means
defeated
,
and
they
discouraged
from
any
farther
Attempt
that
Night
.
The
Parliament
also
were
alarm'd
in
such
a
manner
with
the
Danger
and
Treachery
of
this
Enterprize
,
that
they
used
all
possible
Diligence
to
bring
their
Forces
together
,
so
that
by
eight
of
the
Clock
the
next
Morning
we
had
a
Body
of
twenty
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
drawn
up
upon
Turnham-green
,
a
Mile
on
this
side
Brentford
:
Those
of
ours
also
that
lay
at
Kingston
were
marching
to
us
by
the
way
of
London
.
The
Enemy
drew
out
a
Party
of
theirs
towards
the
Hill
at
Acton
,
which
we
attacked
,
and
forced
to
retire
in
Disorder
to
their
main
Body
.
And
here
again
,
in
the
opinion
of
many
judicious
Persons
,
we
lost
,
as
at
Edge-hill
before
,
a
favourable
opportunity
of
engaging
the
Enemy
with
great
Advantage
,
our
Numbers
exceeding
theirs
,
and
their
Reputation
being
utterly
lost
in
the
last
Attempt
.
But
the
Earl
of
Holland
and
others
,
pretending
to
encourage
our
Army
by
their
Presence
,
made
use
of
their
time
to
disswade
the
Earl
of
Essex
from
fighting
till
the
rest
of
our
Forces
arrived
;
magnifying
the
Power
of
the
Enemy
to
him
,
and
thereby
giving
them
an
opportunity
to
draw
off
their
Forces
and
Artillery
towards
Kingston
,
which
they
did
as
sast
as
they
could
,
leaving
only
a
body
of
Horse
to
face
us
between
the
two
Brentfords
,
the
rest
having
secured
themselves
by
a
timely
Retreat
:
Upon
this
Party
some
of
our
great
Guns
,
guarded
by
a
Regiment
of
Foot
,
were
,
towards
the
Evening
,
ordered
to
be
fired
.
The
like
Guard
was
drawn
up
in
the
High-ways
to
secure
our
Foot
from
any
Attempt
of
Horse
that
might
be
made
upon
them
;
which
some
Great
Men
,
who
pretended
a
Resolution
to
fight
in
that
Troop
,
blamed
,
charging
the
Advisers
thereof
with
Rashness
,
in
hazarding
them
in
such
a
Pound
,
where
they
must
inevitably
be
cut
off
,
if
the
Enemy
should
advance
upon
them
.
But
I
fear
this
great
care
was
only
counterfeit
,
and
that
those
Persons
well
knew
the
Enemy
to
be
in
a
flying
,
and
not
in
a
charging
Condition
,
as
it
quickly
appeared
;
for
our
Cannon
no
sooner
began
to
play
upon
them
,
but
they
retired
to
the
main
Body
of
their
Army
,
the
Rear
of
which
had
by
that
time
recovered
Hounslow-heath
.
The
Enemy
took
up
their
Head-quarters
at
Kingston
,
where
,
by
the
advantage
of
the
Bridg
over
the
Thames
,
they
hoped
to
be
able
,
tho
inferiour
in
Number
,
to
defend
themselves
against
a
more
numerous
Army
,
if
they
should
be
attacked
,
and
to
put
in
execution
any
Design
they
might
have
upon
the
City
or
Places
adjacent
.
To
prevent
which
our
General
caused
a
Bridg
of
Boats
to
be
laid
over
the
River
between
Putney
and
Battersey
,
which
was
no
sooner
finished
but
the
Enemy
retired
to
Oxford
by
the
way
of
Reading
,
which
Place
they
fortified
,
and
placed
a
Garison
therein
,
a
Party
of
ours
having
quitted
it
upon
their
Approach
.
Garisons
were
also
placed
by
them
in
the
Towns
of
Newcastle
upon
Tyne
,
Chester
,
Worcester
,
and
several
others
,
as
they
had
done
before
in
York
and
Shrewsbery
.
Some
of
ours
likewise
had
possessed
themselves
of
Glocester
,
Bristol
,
Exeter
,
Southampton
,
Dover
,
and
divers
other
Places
.
The
Enemy
being
retired
,
our
Army
advanced
to
Windsor
,
and
made
it
our
Head-quarters
for
the
most
part
of
that
Winter
:
and
so
desirous
was
the
Parliament
to
prevent
any
further
Effusion
of
Blood
,
that
notwithstanding
the
treacherous
Design
of
the
late
Expedition
,
they
again
sent
Propositions
of
Peace
to
the
King
at
Oxford
,
being
the
same
in
effect
with
those
delivered
to
him
before
at
York
;
but
they
sound
no
better
Reception
than
the
others
had
done
.
I
do
not
remember
any
thing
remarkable
perform'd
by
either
Party
this
Winter
,
save
only
an
Attempt
of
the
Enemy
upon
one
of
our
Quarters
at
Henly
,
where
two
Regiments
of
Foot
,
one
of
which
was
Major
General
Skippon's
,
then
were
,
who
being
tired
with
a
long
March
,
and
dispersed
to
their
respective
Quarters
,
were
fallen
upon
by
a
great
body
of
the
Enemy
that
had
advanced
to
the
Town
's
end
undiscovered
;
but
a
small
Party
of
our
Men
getting
together
,
one
of
our
Gunners
hastned
to
the
Artillery
which
was
planted
upon
the
Avenue
,
fired
once
or
twice
upon
them
,
and
made
so
great
a
Slaughter
,
especially
of
those
Officers
who
were
at
the
head
of
their
Party
,
that
they
retreated
in
great
Disorder
without
any
farther
Attempt
.
Our
General
having
notice
that
the
Enemy
had
a
Design
upon
Bristol
,
sent
a
Party
commanded
by
Colonel
Nathanael
Fines
to
reinforce
that
Garison
;
by
which
means
it
was
prevented
,
and
some
of
their
Correspondents
in
the
Town
thereupon
executed
.
About
this
time
Sir
Edward
Hungerford
having
obtained
the
Command
of
the
Forces
in
the
County
of
Wilts
for
the
Parliament
,
invited
me
to
raise
a
Troop
of
Horse
in
his
Regiment
:
in
order
to
which
I
attended
him
at
the
Devizes
,
and
from
thence
went
with
him
to
Salisbury
,
where
he
seized
some
quantity
of
Horse
and
Arms
from
Persons
disafsected
,
and
with
them
mounted
and
armed
part
of
his
Men.
And
I
having
done
what
was
convenient
at
that
time
for
the
raising
of
my
Troop
,
returned
to
the
Head-quarters
at
Windsor
,
where
I
gave
them
an
account
of
the
good
Condition
of
Colonel
Fines
and
Sir
Edward
Hungerford
,
at
which
they
were
not
a
little
surprized
,
having
been
made
to
believe
that
they
and
their
Troops
were
routed
and
cut
in
pieces
by
the
Enemy
.
Sir
Ralph
Hopton
,
Sir
Bevil
Greenvil
,
and
others
,
were
very
active
in
raising
Forces
for
the
King
in
Cornwall
,
and
the
remote
parts
of
Devonshire
,
and
had
possessed
themselves
of
Pendennis
,
Dartmouth
,
and
Barnstaple
,
as
Colonel
Ashburnham
and
others
had
done
of
Weymouth
in
Dorsetshire
.
And
the
Parliament
had
ordered
Garisons
to
be
put
into
Plymouth
,
Lyme
,
and
Pool
.
In
the
Spring
our
Army
was
Master
of
the
Field
,
the
King
making
it
his
business
to
be
only
upon
the
defensive
till
the
Queen
should
arrive
in
England
with
an
Army
to
his
Assistance
,
hoping
to
exhaust
the
Treasure
of
the
City
of
London
by
Delays
,
and
thereby
to
cause
them
to
abate
their
Zeal
for
the
Publick
,
omitting
no
opportunity
by
his
Emissaries
to
create
and
foment
Differences
amongst
them
,
endeavouring
by
all
means
to
procure
an
Insurrection
for
him
,
to
compel
the
Parliament
to
submit
to
such
terms
as
he
pleased
to
impose
.
The
Earl
of
Essex
marched
with
the
Army
to
besiege
Reading
,
a
Frontier
Town
of
the
King
's
,
which
he
had
strongly
fortify'd
and
garison'd
.
The
General
himself
sat
down
on
the
Northwest
side
,
and
the
Lord
Grey
of
Wark
on
the
South-east
side
of
the
Town
:
the
great
Shot
did
some
Damage
to
the
Houses
;
from
one
of
which
a
Tile
falling
upon
the
Head
of
Sir
Arthur
Ashton
,
a
Papist
,
and
Governour
thereof
,
disabled
him
from
executing
that
Charge
during
the
rest
of
the
Siege
,
and
Colonel
Fielding
was
made
Governour
in
his
room
.
The
King
thinking
this
Place
to
be
of
great
Importance
to
him
,
brought
together
all
the
Forces
he
could
;
and
marching
on
Cansam-side
in
order
to
relieve
it
,
was
opposed
by
a
small
Party
of
ours
,
who
taking
the
advantage
of
some
Ditches
and
Pales
to
shelter
themselves
,
repulsed
his
Men
,
and
forced
him
to
retreat
to
Oxsord
.
Upon
this
the
Town
was
surrendred
upon
Articles
to
the
Earl
of
Essex
,
Colonel
Fielding
the
Governour
retiring
to
Oxford
,
where
he
was
tried
,
and
condemned
to
die
,
but
not
executed
.
At
my
coming
into
Wiltshire
with
three
more
of
the
Life-Guard
,
two
whereof
were
to
be
Officers
in
my
Troop
,
and
the
third
in
another
Troop
of
the
same
Regiment
,
I
found
Sir
Edward
Hungerford
with
the
Forces
of
Wilts
,
and
Colonel
Stroud
with
part
of
those
of
Somersetshire
,
besieging
Warder-Castle
,
before
which
they
had
been
about
a
week
,
battering
it
with
two
small
Pieces
,
whereby
they
had
done
little
other
hurt
save
only
to
a
Chimney-piece
,
by
a
Shot
entring
at
a
Window
:
But
there
being
a
Vault
on
each
side
of
the
Castle
,
for
the
conveying
away
of
Filth
,
two
or
three
Barrels
of
Powder
were
put
into
one
of
them
,
and
being
fired
,
blew
up
some
part
of
it
;
which
with
the
grazing
of
a
Bullet
upon
the
Face
of
one
of
the
Servants
,
and
the
threatning
of
the
Besiegers
to
spring
the
other
Mine
,
and
then
to
storm
it
,
if
it
was
not
surrendrcd
before
an
Hour-glass
,
which
they
had
turn'd
up
,
was
run
out
,
so
terrified
the
Ladies
therein
,
whereof
there
was
a
great
Number
,
that
they
agreed
to
surrender
it
.
The
Government
of
this
Castle
was
entrusted
to
my
care
by
Sir
Edward
Hungerford
,
who
left
with
me
a
Company
of
Foot
commanded
by
Captain
Bean
,
and
my
own
Troop
,
to
defend
it
.
The
Earl
of
Marlborough
with
some
Horse
possessed
himself
of
a
House
in
our
Neighbourhood
called
Fount-hill
,
with
a
Design
to
block
us
up
;
but
Sir
Edward
sent
a
party
of
Horse
who
fell
upon
him
there
,
and
obliged
him
to
quit
it
.
I
levelled
the
Works
that
had
been
raised
during
the
Siegc
,
sunk
a
Well
,
broke
down
the
Vaults
about
the
Castle
,
and
furnished
it
with
Provisions
,
expecting
to
be
besieged
,
as
I
was
soon
after
.
For
within
a
Fortnight
after
I
was
possessed
of
it
,
the
Lord
Arundel
,
to
whom
it
belonged
,
and
whose
Father
died
soon
after
he
had
received
News
that
it
was
taken
,
supposing
to
find
me
unprovided
,
came
with
a
Party
of
Horse
,
and
summoned
me
to
deliver
the
Place
for
his
Majesty's
Use.
Some
who
were
with
me
advised
me
so
to
do
;
yet
I
return'd
the
Enemy
answer
,
That
I
was
entrusted
to
keep
the
Castle
for
the
Service
of
the
Parliament
,
and
could
not
surrender
it
without
their
Command
.
The
Enemy
not
being
at
that
time
ready
to
make
any
Attempt
upon
us
,
retreated
to
their
main
Body
;
of
which
tho
the
Marquiss
of
Hertford
carried
the
name
of
General
,
that
thereby
the
Country
might
be
encouraged
to
come
in
,
yet
Prince
Maurice
,
as
he
had
then
the
principal
Influence
over
them
,
so
he
was
soon
after
placed
in
the
head
of
them
,
as
more
likely
to
promote
that
Arbitrary
and
boundless
〈◊〉
which
the
King
endeavoured
to
set
up
over
the
People
.
Having
notice
that
some
of
the
King's
Forces
were
at
Salisbury
,
I
went
out
with
six
of
my
Troop
to
procure
Intelligence
,
and
to
do
what
Service
I
could
upon
the
Enemies
Straglers
:
When
I
came
to
Sutton
,
I
was
informed
that
six
of
them
were
gone
up
the
Town
just
before
.
Whereupon
we
made
after
them
,
and
by
their
Horses
,
which
we
saw
tied
in
a
Yard
,
supposed
them
to
be
in
the
House
to
which
it
belonged
:
upon
which
I
went
in
,
and
was
no
sooner
within
the
door
but
two
of
them
shut
it
upon
me
;
but
my
Party
rushing
in
,
they
ran
out
at
another
,
and
escaped
;
a
third
mounted
one
of
my
Mens
Horses
,
and
rid
away
;
the
other
three
who
were
in
a
Room
of
the
House
,
upon
promise
of
quarter
for
Life
,
surrendred
themselves
,
with
whom
and
six
Horses
we
returned
to
the
Castle
.
Our
Army
after
they
had
possest
themselves
of
Reading
,
did
nothing
remarkable
that
Summer
,
only
there
hapned
some
Skirmishes
,
in
one
of
which
that
most
eminent
Patriot
Col.
Hampden
lost
his
Life
by
a
Shot
in
the
Shoulder
.
Sir
William
Waller
commanded
a
Party
in
the
West
,
with
which
he
did
considerable
Service
,
tho
it
was
so
small
that
he
marched
for
the
most
part
in
the
Night
to
conceal
his
Weakness
.
He
reduced
Higham-house
,
a
place
of
Strength
,
garisoned
by
the
Enemy
,
and
protected
the
Gentlemen
of
the
Country
whilst
they
were
raising
Forces
for
the
Parliament
.
And
being
joined
by
Sir
Arthur
Hasterig's
Regiment
of
Horse
,
and
the
Forces
of
Wilts
,
Somerset
and
Dorset
,
with
as
many
as
could
be
spared
from
Bristol
;
he
was
become
so
considerable
,
as
to
put
a
stop
to
the
March
of
the
King
's
Western
Army
;
which
coming
to
the
Town
where
my
Father's
House
was
,
wholly
ruined
it
,
and
destroyed
his
Park
.
But
upon
their
Removal
from
thence
,
conceiving
I
might
take
some
Straglers
,
or
some
way
or
other
annoy
the
Enemy
,
I
went
thither
the
Night
after
with
about
forty
Horse
,
where
tho
I
could
hear
of
no
Men
,
yet
I
found
much
Provision
,
which
a
Gentlewoman
had
obliged
the
People
of
the
Town
to
bring
together
,
and
which
she
was
preparing
to
send
to
the
King's
Army
,
with
Horses
and
Carts
ready
to
carry
it
;
amongst
which
there
was
half
a
dozen
Pasties
of
my
Father's
Venison
ready
baked
,
which
,
with
as
much
of
the
other
Provisions
as
we
could
,
we
carried
away
with
us
.
The
two
Armies
before-mentioned
engaged
about
Lansdown
,
where
the
Success
was
doubtful
a
good
while
,
but
at
last
ours
obtained
the
Victory
.
The
Cornish-men
commanded
by
Sir
Bevil
Greenvil
stood
their
Ground
till
they
came
to
push
of
Pike
,
but
were
then
routed
,
and
Sir
Bevil
killed
.
The
Enemy
retreated
to
the
Devizes
,
and
ours
pursued
them
.
The
News
of
this
Action
being
brought
to
us
,
I
marched
out
with
my
Horse
towards
Warmister
;
and
in
the
way
searching
the
Houses
of
some
Persons
disaffected
to
the
Publick
,
we
found
two
of
our
most
active
Enemies
,
whom
we
carried
away
Prisoners
.
But
the
great
Hopes
we
had
conceived
of
enjoying
some
Quiet
in
the
West
by
the
means
of
this
Victory
were
soon
blasted
;
for
a
body
of
Horse
sent
from
Oxford
not
being
attended
by
any
from
our
Army
,
(
tho
as
I
have
heard
commanded
so
to
do
)
engaged
our
Horse
on
Roundway-hill
,
where
the
Over-forwardness
of
some
of
our
Party
to
charge
the
Enemy
upon
disadvantageous
Ground
was
the
principal
Cause
of
their
Defeat
.
The
Horse
being
routed
,
our
Foot
also
quitted
their
Ground
,
and
shifted
for
themselves
;
many
of
whom
were
taken
,
and
many
killed
,
the
rest
retreated
to
Bristol
,
where
they
made
the
best
Preparation
they
could
to
defend
themselves
,
expecting
suddenly
to
be
besieged
,
as
it
fell
out
.
Sir
William
Waller
with
what
Horse
he
had
left
marched
to
London
,
where
no
means
were
omitted
to
recruit
them
.
Exeter
was
surrendred
to
the
Enemy
upon
terms
,
and
Bristol
besieged
,
which
being
stormed
on
one
side
,
and
ours
not
doing
their
Duty
,
part
of
the
Enemy
being
entred
,
the
Governour
desired
to
capitulate
,
and
delivered
up
the
Town
upon
Articles
,
which
were
not
well
kept
,
in
retaliation
,
as
they
pretended
,
for
the
like
breach
by
ours
at
the
taking
of
Reading
.
The
Governour
of
Bristol
was
hereupon
tried
and
condemned
by
a
Court
Martial
,
how
justly
I
know
not
;
but
the
Parliament
ordered
the
execution
of
the
Sentence
to
be
suspended
.
About
this
time
a
Gentleman
of
the
Country
,
related
to
the
Lord
Cottington
,
desired
a
Conference
with
me
,
wherein
he
endeavoured
to
perswade
me
to
surrender
the
Castle
of
Warder
,
promising
me
any
Terms
I
would
desire
,
and
assuring
me
that
several
of
the
Western
Gentlemen
finding
our
Affairs
desperate
,
had
made
their
Peace
with
the
King
,
and
that
the
Kentish
Men
who
were
risen
for
him
would
be
sufficient
to
accomplish
his
Work
,
tho
he
had
no
other
Army
.
Also
Colonel
Robert
Philips
,
my
Friend
and
Kinsman
,
coming
before
the
Castle
some
time
after
with
a
Party
of
Horse
,
and
desiring
to
speak
with
me
,
was
earnest
with
me
to
the
same
effect
:
my
Answers
to
both
were
,
that
I
had
resolved
to
run
all
Hazards
in
the
discharge
of
that
Trust
which
I
had
undertaken
.
The
two
Houses
of
Parliament
,
notwithstanding
the
many
Difficulties
they
met
with
at
home
,
having
sent
over
Forces
to
subdue
the
Rebels
in
Ireland
,
thought
it
also
their
Duty
to
send
Recruits
thither
,
and
at
the
same
time
presented
the
Earl
of
Ormond
with
a
Jewel
,
as
a
Testimony
of
their
acceptance
of
his
Service
at
the
Battle
of
Rosse
,
where
there
was
above
forty
of
his
own
Name
and
Kindred
killed
upon
the
place
,
and
the
Enemy
totally
routed
,
tho
for
a
long
time
they
had
much
the
better
of
the
day
.
The
Earl
of
Leicester
having
been
voted
Lieutenant
of
Ireland
by
the
Parliament
,
and
approved
by
the
King
,
wanted
nothing
but
his
Commission
to
begin
his
Journey
for
that
Kingdom
,
which
after
several
Delays
he
received
from
the
King
;
but
being
at
Chester
in
order
to
take
Shipping
,
the
Carriages
and
Draught-Horses
which
lay
there
for
that
Service
,
as
also
the
Clothes
and
other
Provisions
designed
by
the
Parliament
for
the
Souldiers
in
Ireland
,
were
seized
by
the
King's
Order
,
and
made
use
of
for
his
Service
here
;
whilst
his
Agents
there
endeavoured
to
perswade
the
English
Souldiers
in
that
Country
,
that
they
were
neglected
by
the
Parliament
:
Upon
which
false
Suggestion
he
prevailed
with
them
to
serve
him
in
England
against
the
Parliament
;
and
,
contrary
to
his
Engagement
to
both
Houses
not
to
treat
with
the
Rebels
without
their
Concurrence
,
made
a
Cessation
with
them
,
and
brought
over
many
of
them
to
serve
in
his
Army
against
the
Parliament
:
who
being
encompassed
with
Difficulties
on
all
hands
,
and
understanding
that
the
Queen
was
landing
with
a
considerable
Strength
at
Bridlington-Bay
in
the
County
of
York
,
sent
Commissioners
to
treat
with
their
Friends
in
Scotland
to
march
into
England
to
their
Assistance
.
In
the
mean
timethe
King's
Army
besieged
the
City
of
Glocester
,
the
King
being
there
in
Person
to
countenance
the
Siege
.
The
Besieged
made
a
vigorous
Defence
for
about
a
Month
,
during
which
the
Parliament
took
care
to
recruit
their
Army
in
order
to
relieve
them
.
Their
Rendezvouz
was
appointed
on
Hounslow-heath
,
whither
some
Members
of
Parliament
(
of
which
my
Father
was
one
)
were
sent
,
to
inspect
their
Condition
,
that
their
Wants
being
known
,
might
be
the
better
supplied
;
who
found
them
a
very
shatter'd
and
broken
Body
:
but
the
City
being
then
very
affectionate
to
the
Publick
,
soon
recruited
them
,
and
drew
forth
so
many
of
their
Trained
Bands
and
Auxiliary
Regiments
,
as
made
them
up
a
gallant
Army
.
In
their
March
towards
Glocester
some
of
ours
fell
upon
a
Party
of
the
Enemy
at
Cirencester
,
of
whom
they
took
many
Prisoners
,
and
seized
a
great
quantity
of
Provisions
which
they
found
prepared
for
the
Enemy
,
who
upon
our
Approach
raised
the
Siege
.
The
Earl
of
Essex
having
relieved
the
Town
,
was
marching
back
again
,
when
he
perceived
the
Enemy
endeavouring
to
get
between
him
and
London
;
and
to
that
end
falling
upon
his
Rear
with
a
strong
Party
of
Horse
,
they
so
disordered
his
Men
,
and
retarded
the
March
of
his
Army
,
that
he
sound
himself
obliged
to
engage
them
at
Newbury
.
The
Dispute
was
very
hot
on
both
sides
,
and
the
Enemy
had
the
better
at
the
first
;
but
our
Men
resolving
to
carry
their
point
,
and
the
City-Regiments
behaving
themselves
with
great
Bravery
,
gave
them
before
Night
so
little
cause
to
boast
,
that
the
next
Morning
they
were
willing
to
permit
the
Earl
of
Essex
to
march
to
London
without
interruption
.
Few
Prisoners
were
taken
on
either
side
:
The
Enemy
had
several
Persons
of
Quality
killed
;
the
principal
of
whom
were
the
Earl
of
Carnarvan
,
the
Earl
of
Sunderland
,
the
Lord
Falkland
,
and
a
French
Marquiss
.
We
lost
a
Colonel
of
one
of
the
City-Regiments
,
together
with
some
inferiour
Officers
.
Some
of
the
Lords
and
Commons
,
contrary
to
their
Duty
,
withdrew
themselves
from
the
Parliament
at
Westminster
,
and
went
to
the
King
at
Oxford
,
where
they
met
together
,
but
never
did
any
thing
considerable
for
the
King's
Service
,
and
shewed
themselves
so
little
willing
to
assume
the
name
of
a
Parliament
,
that
the
King
in
a
Letter
to
the
Queen
(
a
Copy
whereof
was
afterwards
found
amongst
his
Papers
)
called
them
his
Mongrel
Parliament
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Earl
of
Manchester
received
a
Commission
from
the
Parliament
to
raise
Forces
in
the
associated
Counties
of
Suffolk
,
Norfolk
,
Essex
,
Cambridg
,
Huntington
,
&c.
which
was
very
necessary
:
for
the
King
was
Master
of
all
Places
of
Strength
from
Berwick
to
Boston
,
except
Hull
and
two
small
Castles
in
Lincolnshire
;
and
Ferdinando
Lord
Fairfax
not
able
to
keep
the
Field
against
the
Earl
of
Newcastle
,
was
retired
with
his
Horse
and
Foot
to
Hull
:
the
Enemies
Strength
in
the
North
no
way
inferiour
to
what
it
was
in
the
West
,
and
none
considerable
enough
to
oppose
their
March
into
the
South
.
The
Earl
of
Newcastle
,
upon
advice
that
the
Lord
Willoughby
of
Parham
had
possessed
himself
of
the
Town
of
Gainsborough
for
the
Parliament
,
sent
his
Brother
Col.
Cavendish
,
Lieutenant
General
of
his
Army
,
with
a
great
Party
of
Horse
and
Dragoons
to
summon
it
,
himself
marching
after
with
the
Foot
.
Col.
Oliver
Cromwell
having
notice
thereof
,
and
understanding
by
fresh
Experience
that
Victory
is
not
always
obtained
by
the
greater
Number
,
having
lately
defeated
near
Grantham
twenty
four
Troops
of
the
Enemies
Horse
and
Dragoons
,
with
seven
Troops
only
which
he
had
with
him
,
resolved
to
endeavour
the
Relief
of
Gainsborough
;
and
with
twelve
Troops
of
Horse
and
Dragoons
marched
thither
,
where
he
found
the
Enemy
,
who
were
drawn
up
near
the
Town
,
to
be
more
than
thrice
his
Number
,
and
no
way
to
attack
them
but
through
a
Gate
,
and
up-hill
;
notwithstanding
which
Disadvantages
he
adventured
to
fall
upon
them
,
and
after
some
Dispute
totally
routed
them
,
killing
many
of
their
Officers
,
and
amongst
them
Lieutenant
General
Cavendish
.
Thus
was
Gainsborough
relieved
;
but
the
Conquerors
had
little
time
to
rejoice
,
for
within
two
or
three
hours
the
routed
Enemy
rallying
,
and
joining
with
the
rest
of
Newcastle's
Army
,
marched
against
them
:
Upon
which
they
retreated
to
Lincoln
that
night
in
good
order
,
and
without
any
Loss
,
facing
the
Enemy
with
three
Troops
at
a
time
as
they
drew
off
the
rest
.
Lincoln
not
being
defensible
,
Col.
Cromwell
marched
the
next
day
to
Boston
,
that
he
might
join
the
Earl
of
Manchester
,
who
with
his
new-rais'd
Forces
had
very
seasonably
reduced
Lynn
,
a
Town
in
Norfolk
not
far
from
the
Sea
,
naturally
strong
,
and
might
have
proved
impregnable
,
if
Time
had
favoured
Art
and
Industry
to
have
fortified
and
furnished
it
with
Provisions
.
But
Sir
Hammond
Lestrange
,
who
had
before
surprized
it
for
the
King
,
was
soon
surprized
himself
;
and
being
suddenly
summoned
by
the
Earl
of
Manchester
,
and
threatned
with
a
Storm
,
after
he
had
fired
a
few
great
Shot
against
the
Besiegers
,
thought
fit
to
surrender
it
upon
Articles
.
From
thence
the
Earl
of
Manchester
marched
to
Boston
,
where
being
joined
by
Col.
Cromwell
,
appointed
by
the
Parliament
to
command
under
him
,
and
a
Party
of
Horse
brought
by
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
by
Sea
from
Hull
,
he
mustered
about
six
thousand
Foot
,
and
thirty
seven
Troops
of
Horse
and
Dragoons
.
To
prevent
any
further
addition
to
his
Forces
,
the
Earl
of
Newcastle
advanced
with
his
Army
,
and
sent
a
strong
Detachment
of
Horse
and
Dragoons
towards
Boston
,
appearing
by
their
Standards
to
be
eighty
seven
Troops
,
commanded
by
Sir
John
Henderson
an
old
Souldier
,
who
hearing
that
Col.
Cromwell
was
drawn
out
towards
him
with
the
Horse
and
Dragoons
,
made
haste
to
engage
him
before
the
Earl
of
Manchester
with
the
Foot
could
march
up
,
as
accordingly
it
fell
out
at
a
place
called
Winsby-field
near
Horn-castle
.
In
the
first
shock
Col.
Cromwell
had
his
Horse
kill'd
under
him
;
yet
the
Encounter
was
but
short
,
tho
very
sharp
,
for
there
being
Field-room
enough
,
the
Fight
lasted
but
a
quarter
of
an
hour
before
the
Earl
of
Newcastle's
Forces
were
totally
routed
,
and
many
of
them
killed
:
amongst
them
the
Lord
Widdrington
,
Sir
Ingram
Hopton
,
and
other
Persons
of
Quality
.
The
Enemy
had
no
time
to
rally
,
being
pursued
by
ours
almost
as
far
as
Lincoln
,
which
was
fourteen
Miles
off
;
in
which
Pursuit
divers
of
them
were
killed
and
made
Prisoners
,
and
many
Horse
and
Arms
taken
.
Neither
were
they
suffered
to
rest
at
Lincoln
,
the
Earl
of
Manchester
marching
thither
the
day
following
,
where
the
Enemies
broken
Troops
had
endeavoured
to
fortisy
the
higher
part
of
the
City
called
the
Close
,
but
had
not
quite
finished
their
Works
when
the
Earl
arrived
,
and
summoned
them
to
surrender
;
which
they
resusing
,
our
Foot
and
Horse
fell
on
and
took
it
by
storm
,
with
little
loss
on
our
side
.
About
this
time
a
considerable
Party
in
Kent
rose
and
declared
for
the
King
,
which
was
dispersed
by
some
Forces
sent
from
London
,
under
the
Command
of
Col.
Brown
;
whereby
the
Committee
of
Kent
were
encouraged
and
enabled
to
raise
a
good
Body
of
Horse
and
Foot
for
the
Service
of
the
Parliament
.
My
Father
apprehending
that
I
was
not
likely
to
be
relieved
in
three
or
four
Months
,
in
case
I
were
besieged
;
and
knowing
that
the
Enemies
were
Masters
of
the
Field
in
those
Parts
,
and
that
I
was
about
twenty
Miles
from
any
of
our
Garisons
,
procured
an
Order
from
the
Parliament
,
impowering
me
to
slight
the
Castle
of
Warder
,
and
to
draw
off
the
Garison
,
if
I
saw
cause
:
which
Care
of
theirs
quickned
my
Zeal
to
their
Service
,
and
put
me
upon
endeavouring
,
as
well
as
I
could
,
to
prepare
for
the
worst
.
To
that
end
being
in
want
of
Ammunition
,
I
went
to
Southampton
,
where
I
bought
what
they
could
spare
,
and
returned
to
the
Castle
;
where
being
in
great
want
of
Money
,
having
always
paid
the
Country
People
for
whatsoever
I
had
from
them
,
I
made
a
seasonable
Discovery
of
Money
,
Plate
and
Jewels
,
to
the
value
of
about
twelve
hundred
Pounds
,
walled
up
by
the
Enemy
:
Part
of
this
Sum
I
expended
upon
the
Garison
,
and
gave
an
account
thereof
to
the
Parliament
.
The
Enemy
was
now
beginning
to
draw
about
us
,
yet
would
not
actually
besiege
us
before
they
had
endeavoured
to
reduce
us
by
Treachery
.
To
this
end
one
Capt.
White
a
Papist
,
of
Dorsetshire
,
having
found
a
Boy
at
Shaftsbury
fit
for
the
purpose
,
gave
him
such
Instructions
as
he
thought
fit
:
He
was
not
above
twelve
Years
of
Age
,
and
yet
,
as
I
was
afterwards
informed
,
had
already
attempted
to
poison
his
Grandfather
.
This
Boy
he
sent
to
the
Castle
to
desire
of
me
to
be
admitted
to
turn
the
Spit
,
or
perform
any
other
servile
Employment
;
to
which
I
consented
,
his
Youth
freeing
him
,
as
I
thought
,
from
any
Suspicion
.
About
three
or
four
days
after
a
Party
of
the
Enemies
Horse
appeared
before
the
Castle
,
and
making
a
great
shout
,
the
Cattle
belonging
to
the
Garison
,
consisting
of
about
forty
Cows
and
one
Bull
,
which
they
all
followed
,
ran
away
at
the
Noise
:
Some
of
us
endeavouring
to
turn
them
,
the
Enemy
fired
so
thick
upon
us
,
that
one
of
my
Souldiers
and
my self
were
forced
to
betake
our selves
to
a
Tree
for
shelter
;
where
my
Souldier
levelling
his
Musquet
through
a
hole
of
the
Tree
,
which
was
about
a
Foot
in
diameter
,
a
Ball
from
the
Enemy
grazing
upon
the
upper
part
of
the
Hole
,
and
thereby
forced
downwards
,
shot
the
young
Man
through
the
Hand
,
and
me
into
the
Leg
,
which
obliged
me
to
keep
my
bed
for
two
days
.
A
great
Wall-gun
called
a
Harquebuz
de
Croq
being
fired
from
the
top
of
the
Castle
,
burst
in
the
middle
.
At
night
as
this
Boy
was
sitting
with
the
Guard
by
the
fire
,
some
of
them
conceived
a
Jealousy
of
him
;
and
strictly
examining
him
about
the
cause
of
his
coming
,
he
affirmed
it
to
be
because
the
Master
whom
he
served
had
used
him
cruelly
for
speaking
some
Words
in
favour
of
the
Parliament
.
With
which
Answer
they
not
being
satisfied
,
threatned
that
unless
he
would
confess
the
truth
,
they
would
hang
him
immediately
;
and
to
afright
him
,
tied
a
piece
of
Match
about
his
Neck
,
and
began
to
pull
him
up
on
a
Halbert
.
Upon
this
he
promised
to
confess
all
,
if
they
would
spare
his
Life
;
and
thereupon
acknowledged
that
Capt.
White
had
hired
him
to
number
the
Men
and
Arms
in
the
Castle
,
to
poison
the
Arms
,
the
Well
,
and
the
Beer
,
to
blow
up
the
Ammunition
,
to
steal
away
one
of
my
best
Horses
,
to
carry
him
back
to
them
;
for
which
Service
he
was
to
receive
half
a
Crown
:
confessing
that
he
had
accordingly
poisoned
two
Cannon
and
the
Harquebuz
that
was
broken
,
but
pretended
that
his
Conscience
would
not
give
him
leave
to
poison
the
Water
and
the
Beer
.
The
great
Guns
were
made
serviceable
again
by
oiling
,
and
making
a
fire
in
them
.
The
Poison
he
used
was
of
a
red
Colour
,
and
made
up
in
the
shape
of
a
Candle
,
with
part
of
which
he
had
rubbed
three
of
our
Guns
.
After
this
Deliverance
we
got
in
some
Cattle
for
our
Provision
,
but
the
Enemy
drawing
into
the
Villages
about
us
,
soon
prevented
us
from
bringing
in
any
more
:
Yet
we
ventured
one
Morning
,
knowing
it
to
be
Market-day
,
to
draw
out
between
forty
and
fifty
Pikes
and
Firelocks
,
with
which
we
went
about
a
quarter
of
a
Mile
from
the
Castle
upon
the
Road
that
leads
to
Shaftsbury
.
According
to
our
expectation
the
Market-people
came
with
Carts
and
Horses
loaded
with
Corn
and
other
Provisions
,
which
we
seized
and
sent
to
the
Castle
,
paying
for
it
the
Market-price
,
at
which
they
were
not
a
little
surprized
.
By
this
means
we
furnished
our selves
with
three
Months
more
Provision
than
we
had
before
;
which
we
had
no
sooner
taken
in
,
when
the
Enemy
drew
round
the
Castle
,
and
from
that
time
blocked
us
up
more
closely
,
raising
a
Breastwork
by
casting
up
of
Earth
about
a
Tree
which
we
had
cut
down
on
the
side
of
a
Hill
;
from
whence
they
commanded
the
Gate
of
the
Castle
,
the
only
way
that
we
had
to
sally
out
upon
occasion
,
and
shot
several
of
our
Men
,
amongst
the
rest
my
Gunner
,
as
they
fetched
in
Wood.
The
Person
that
commanded
the
Party
which
lay
before
us
was
one
Capt.
Christopher
Bowyer
of
Dorsetshire
,
who
,
to
get
us
out
of
the
Castle
,
proposed
to
grant
us
what
terms
we
desired
;
to
which
we
replied
,
that
we
designed
to
discharge
our
Duty
by
keeping
it
as
long
as
we
could
.
Upon
this
he
threatned
us
with
great
Numbers
of
Horse
and
Foot
,
attended
with
several
pieces
of
Cannon
,
which
he
said
were
drawing
towards
us
,
boasting
of
the
Justice
of
his
Cause
,
and
representing
to
us
the
Greatness
of
our
Danger
,
and
the
inevitable
Ruin
that
must
ensue
upon
our
Obstinacy
:
But
Capt.
Bean
,
who
at
that
time
served
as
Cannoneer
,
ours
being
shot
,
as
I
mentioned
before
,
told
him
,
that
we
were
not
at
all
afrighted
with
his
Menaces
;
but
upon
confidence
of
the
Justice
of
our
Cause
,
were
resolved
to
defend
the
Place
to
the
utmost
;
and
warning
him
to
look
to
himself
,
fired
a
Gun
,
with
which
he
wounded
him
in
the
Heel
;
and
it
being
unsafe
for
any
to
carry
him
off
by
day
,
his
Wound
gangreened
before
night
,
and
he
died
about
two
days
after
.
In
the
room
of
Capt.
Bowyer
one
Col.
Barnes
was
sent
by
the
King
to
command
the
Forces
that
lay
before
us
:
he
was
Brother
to
an
honest
Gentleman
who
was
Chaplain
to
my
Father
,
for
whose
sake
,
and
because
he
had
the
Reputation
of
being
an
old
Souldier
,
a
thing
much
valued
by
the
Parliament
at
that
time
,
my
Father
had
procured
him
a
considerable
Employment
in
their
Service
,
in
which
he
continued
as
long
as
their
constant
Pay
lasted
,
but
that
failing
,
he
ran
away
to
the
King
.
Upon
his
coming
he
raised
a
Fort
within
Musquet-shot
of
us
,
on
the
Hill
that
surrounded
the
Castle
,
except
only
on
the
West-side
,
where
was
a
Pond
of
about
six
Acres
.
The
Enemy
possessed
themselves
of
all
the
Out-houses
,
but
used
them
only
by
night
,
not
thinking
it
safe
to
come
at
them
by
day
;
which
we
observing
,
one
Evening
conveyed
forty
Men
through
a
Vault
leading
to
those
Houses
,
ordering
them
to
lie
private
,
and
endeavour
to
surprize
them
when
they
came
;
which
had
been
effected
,
if
one
of
ours
,
contrary
to
order
,
upon
the
entrance
of
the
first
of
the
Enemy
,
had
not
fired
his
Pistol
,
and
thereby
given
warning
to
the
rest
to
shift
for
themselves
.
The
Man
who
was
the
occasion
of
this
Disappointment
was
deprived
of
the
use
of
his
Arms
till
he
should
attempt
something
for
the
redeeming
of
his
Reputation
;
which
soon
after
,
upon
a
Sally
we
made
on
the
Enemy
,
he
did
,
in
which
we
took
two
of
the
Enemies
Horses
,
and
made
some
Prisoners
.
How
many
of
them
were
killed
we
could
not
learn
:
On
our
side
some
were
wounded
,
of
whom
one
died
soon
after
.
A
Kinsman
of
mine
,
who
was
related
to
the
Lord
Cottington
,
was
sent
from
Oxford
to
offer
me
what
Terms
I
would
desire
.
I
permitted
him
to
come
in
,
that
seeing
our
Strength
and
Provision
,
he
might
make
his
Report
to
the
Enemy
to
our
Advantage
:
For
things
were
fo
ordered
by
removing
our
Guards
from
place
to
place
,
filling
up
our
Hogsheads
with
empty
Barrels
,
and
covering
them
with
Beef
and
Pork
,
and
in
like
manner
ordering
our
Corn
,
that
every
thing
appeared
double
,
to
what
it
was
,
to
them
.
The
Substance
of
the
Conditions
I
proposed
was
:
That
if
I
understood
from
the
Earl
of
Essex
that
he
could
not
relieve
us
within
six
Months
,
we
would
then
deliver
the
Castle
,
upon
condition
,
that
it
should
not
be
made
a
Garison
:
That
the
Parliament
should
have
two
thousand
Pounds
for
what
they
had
expended
in
the
taking
and
keeping
of
it
;
with
some
other
Particulars
,
which
the
Gentleman
carried
to
Oxford
with
him
:
but
we
never
had
any
Return
from
him
about
them
,
neither
indeed
did
we
expect
any
.
Our
Beer
was
now
spent
,
our
Corn
much
diminished
,
and
we
had
no
other
Drink
but
the
Water
of
our
Well
,
which
tho
we
drunk
dry
by
day
,
yet
it
was
sufficiently
supplied
every
night
.
But
being
resolved
to
keep
the
Castle
as
long
as
we
could
,
we
shortned
our
Allowance
,
so
that
three
Pecks
and
a
half
of
Wheat
one
day
,
and
a
Bushel
of
Barley
another
,
served
near
a
hundred
Men
,
which
was
all
our
Force
,
my
Troop
being
sent
away
before
for
want
of
Conveniency
for
Horse
:
This
Allowance
was
so
short
,
that
I
caused
one
of
the
Horses
we
had
taken
to
be
killed
,
which
the
Souldiers
eat
up
in
two
days
,
besides
their
Ordinary
.
The
Forces
that
had
been
sent
by
the
Parliament
to
the
Assistance
of
the
distressed
Protestants
in
Ireland
,
being
,
under
pretence
that
they
were
neglected
,
as
hath
been
before
mentioned
,
brought
into
England
to
serve
against
those
who
raised
them
;
and
the
Rebels
,
by
the
Pacification
made
with
them
by
the
King's
Order
,
contrary
to
his
Promise
to
the
Parliament
,
left
in
the
full
Enjoyment
of
what
they
had
gotten
from
the
English
by
Rapine
and
Murder
;
part
of
those
who
came
out
of
Ireland
landed
at
Chester
,
and
drew
before
Nantwich
:
they
were
commanded
by
one
Capt.
Sandford
,
Brother
to
Sir
William
Sandford
,
a
worthy
Person
of
Grays-Inn
,
to
whom
he
had
solemnly
promised
never
to
engage
against
the
Parliament
:
Yet
did
he
send
in
a
very
threatning
Summons
to
the
Town
,
and
seconded
it
with
a
most
furious
Assault
,
whilst
the
Works
were
but
slenderly
defended
,
the
Guard
consisting
for
the
most
part
of
Townsmen
,
who
were
then
gone
to
dinner
:
But
it
so
happened
,
that
a
Boy
of
the
Age
of
fifteen
firing
a
Musquet
from
the
Town
,
shot
him
dead
in
the
place
,
which
discouraged
his
Souldiers
from
any
farther
Attempt
.
Col.
George
Monk
,
who
had
been
sent
by
the
Parliament
into
Ireland
against
the
Rebels
,
for
some
time
scrupled
to
quit
that
Service
,
and
to
engage
in
this
,
being
upon
that
account
secured
on
Ship-board
by
the
Earl
of
Ormond
,
whilst
he
sent
those
Forces
into
England
,
lest
he
should
have
obstructed
their
going
over
;
yet
having
afterwards
his
liberty
to
wait
on
the
King
,
was
prevailed
with
to
join
with
them
,
and
soon
after
taken
Prisoner
by
a
Party
from
Yorkshire
,
commanded
by
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
,
who
sent
him
Prisoner
to
Hull
,
from
whence
some
time
after
he
was
conveyed
to
the
Tower
of
London
.
Another
Party
of
the
Forces
from
Ireland
landed
in
the
West
,
and
marched
as
far
as
Hinden
towards
Warder-Castle
,
in
order
to
besiege
it
;
but
being
informed
that
the
Person
whom
they
were
to
dispossess
was
a
Protestant
,
and
he
into
whose
hands
they
were
to
put
it
was
a
Papist
,
they
mutinied
against
their
Offcers
,
and
refused
to
be
employed
against
us
.
The
Queen
landed
with
an
Army
of
French
,
Walloons
,
and
other
Foreigners
,
and
brought
with
her
great
store
of
Ammunition
and
Money
,
procured
by
pawning
the
Crown-Jewels
in
Holland
.
With
these
and
other
Forces
the
Earl
of
Newcastle
marched
to
besiege
Hull
,
of
which
Place
the
Lord
Ferdinando
Fairfax
was
Governour
,
who
with
the
Assistance
of
the
Seamen
belonging
to
some
Ships
that
lay
in
the
Harbour
,
made
so
fierce
a
Sally
upon
the
Enemy
,
that
they
were
forced
to
quit
some
of
their
Guns
,
and
withdraw
to
a
greater
distance
,
leaving
many
of
their
Men
behind
them
,
of
whom
some
were
killed
,
and
others
taken
Prisoners
.
Col.
Overton
carried
himself
,
as
I
am
well
informed
,
with
much
Honour
and
Gallantry
in
this
Action
.
This
bad
Success
so
dispirited
the
Enemy
,
that
they
abandoned
the
Siege
,
and
retired
to
York
;
to
which
also
the
approach
of
Winter
,
and
the
Preparations
of
the
Scots
to
march
into
England
,
did
not
a
little
contribute
:
For
the
Parliaments
of
both
Kingdoms
had
at
length
agreed
upon
Terms
,
and
removed
the
last
and
greatest
Difficulty
,
consisting
in
some
doubtful
Words
in
the
Covenant
,
which
was
to
be
taken
by
both
Nations
,
concerning
the
preservation
of
the
King's
Person
,
and
reducing
the
Doctrine
and
Discipline
of
both
Churches
to
the
Pattern
of
the
best
Reformed
:
For
which
Sir
Henry
Vane
,
one
of
the
Commissioners
of
the
Parliament
,
found
out
an
Expedient
,
by
adding
to
the
first
Clause
these
or
the
like
words
,
In
preservation
of
the
Laws
of
the
Land
,
and
Liberty
of
the
Subject
;
and
to
the
Second
,
according
to
the
Word
of
God
.
Which
being
an
Explanation
that
could
not
be
refused
,
prevented
any
farther
Contestation
about
that
Matter
.
About
this
time
the
Enemy
by
cruel
Usage
put
a
period
to
the
Life
of
my
Brother
Capt.
Robert
Ludlow
,
who
was
their
Prisoner
,
as
I
before
related
.
The
News
of
this
,
and
of
the
Danger
I
was
in
,
so
afflicted
my
Father
,
together
with
his
constant
Labours
in
the
publick
Service
,
and
possibly
his
Dissatisfaction
about
the
Imprisonment
of
his
good
Friend
Mr.
Henry
Martin
,
for
Words
spoken
in
the
House
,
as
he
conceived
,
in
discharge
of
his
Duty
,
that
he
died
,
expressing
himself
deeply
sensible
of
the
Condition
of
the
bleeding
Nation
,
and
heartily
praying
for
the
Prosperity
of
the
Publick
Cause
.
The
Words
spoken
by
Mr.
Martin
in
the
Parliament
were
to
this
purpose
,
That
it
was
better
one
Family
should
perish
,
than
that
the
People
should
be
destroyed
:
And
being
required
to
explain
himself
,
he
ingenuously
confessed
that
he
meant
the
Family
of
the
King
;
for
which
he
was
committed
to
the
Tower
,
but
afterwards
released
,
and
re-admitted
to
his
Place
in
the
Parliament
.
About
the
same
time
Mr.
John
Pym
also
died
,
who
had
been
very
instrumental
in
promoting
the
Interest
of
the
Nation
:
His
Body
was
for
several
days
exposed
to
publick
view
in
Derby-house
before
it
was
interred
,
in
confutation
of
those
who
reported
it
to
be
eaten
with
Lice
.
The
Enemy
before
Warder-Castle
kept
their
Guards
within
Pistol-shot
of
it
day
and
night
,
so
that
we
could
not
expect
any
more
Intelligence
from
abroad
;
yet
one
of
ours
sent
by
us
into
the
Country
a
Week
before
,
to
informs
us
of
the
state
of
Affairs
,
met
,
at
an
honest
Man's
House
not
far
from
the
Castle
,
a
Souldier
,
whom
the
Enemy
had
pressed
to
serve
them
;
whose
Heart
being
with
us
,
these
two
agreed
,
that
when
Relief
should
be
coming
,
he
who
was
without
should
appear
with
a
white
Cap
on
his
Head
,
and
blow
his
Nose
with
his
Handkerchief
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Besiegers
raised
a
Battery
,
and
by
a
shot
from
thence
cut
off
the
Chain
of
our
Portcullis
,
which
rendring
our
Gate
unserviceable
to
us
,
we
made
it
so
to
them
,
by
barricading
it
up
on
the
inside
:
so
that
now
we
had
no
way
out
but
through
a
Window
,
our
other
Doors
being
walled
up
before
.
But
the
Battery
not
answering
their
expectation
,
they
resolved
to
try
other
Experiments
,
either
by
digging
a
Hole
in
the
Castle-wall
,
and
putting
a
sufficient
quantity
of
Powder
therein
to
blow
it
up
,
or
by
undermining
the
said
Wall
,
and
supporting
it
with
Timber
,
and
then
setting
it
on
fire
:
whereby
they
supposed
to
destroy
that
also
on
which
the
Wall
rested
,
and
so
to
bring
down
the
Wall
.
In
order
to
this
they
prepared
Materials
to
defend
them
whilst
they
were
about
the
Work
,
and
brought
together
about
two
dozen
of
Oaken
Plants
three
Inches
thick
,
which
they
endeavoured
in
a
dark
Night
to
set
up
against
the
Castle-wall
,
half
of
them
on
one
side
,
and
half
on
the
other
.
Our
Sentinels
discovered
them
on
one
side
,
and
beat
them
off
,
forcing
them
to
leave
their
Boards
behind
them
.
On
the
other
side
they
set
them
up
,
and
in
the
Morning
were
hard
at
work
under
their
Shelter
.
We
heard
a
noise
of
digging
,
but
for
some
time
could
not
perceive
where
:
at
length
we
discovered
the
place
,
and
endeavoured
to
remove
them
,
by
throwing
down
hot
Water
and
melted
Lead
,
tho
to
little
purpose
.
At
last
with
Hand-granadoes
we
obliged
them
to
quit
their
Work
,
and
to
leave
their
Tools
behind
them
,
with
their
Provisions
for
three
or
four
days
;
and
tho
we
had
no
way
out
of
the
Castle
but
by
a
narrow
Window
,
yet
we
brought
in
their
Materials
and
Provisions
:
for
that
Morning
having
shot
the
Officer
that
commanded
their
Guard
in
the
Head
,
their
Trenches
not
being
finished
to
secure
their
Approaches
to
the
Out-houses
,
under
the
shelter
of
which
they
kept
their
Guard
;
and
being
admonished
by
what
befel
Capt.
Bowyer
,
of
the
danger
of
delaying
to
dress
a
Wound
,
they
desired
leave
to
carry
off
their
wounded
Man
,
which
I
granted
on
condition
that
they
would
commit
no
Act
of
Hostility
in
the
mean
time
:
And
when
five
or
six
of
them
who
carried
him
off
were
about
Pistol-shot
from
the
Wall
,
I
appeared
with
forty
Musqueteers
ready
to
fire
on
the
top
of
the
Castle
,
and
ordered
three
or
four
Men
out
of
the
Window
mentioned
before
,
who
brought
in
their
Materials
.
A
Relation
of
mine
,
one
Capt.
Henry
Williams
,
who
commanded
a
Company
in
Colonel
Barns
his
Regiment
,
desiring
to
be
admitted
to
speak
with
me
,
and
I
consenting
,
he
endeavoured
to
perswade
me
to
a
Surrender
,
offering
me
any
Conditions
I
would
ask
;
but
his
Arguments
made
no
Impression
upon
me
.
In
the
mean
time
the
King
,
to
encourage
his
Friends
in
the
City
to
rise
for
him
,
sent
them
a
Commisiion
to
that
purpose
by
the
Lady
Aubogny
,
which
she
brought
made
up
in
the
Hair
of
her
Head
;
but
the
Design
being
discovered
,
she
fled
for
Resuge
to
the
House
of
the
French
Ambassador
;
who
refusing
to
deliver
her
to
Sir
Henry
Vane
and
Mr.
John
Lisle
,
sent
by
the
Parliament
with
a
Guard
to
seize
her
,
pretending
his
Privilege
,
the
House
,
being
informed
by
Sir
Francis
Knowles
,
that
at
the
time
of
the
bloody
Massacre
at
Paris
,
one
of
the
French
King's
Secretaries
who
was
of
the
Reformed
Religion
flying
to
the
English
Ambassador's
House
for
Protection
,
and
disguizing
himself
amongst
the
Grooms
,
was
forced
〈◊〉
thence
by
the
King's
Command
,
ordered
this
Lady
to
be
treated
in
the
like
manner
,
which
was
done
accordingly
.
Hereupon
an
Order
was
passed
for
the
Trial
of
those
who
were
engaged
in
this
Conspiracy
,
and
Mr.
Thomson
and
Mr.
Challoner
were
found
guilty
,
and
executed
for
it
.
Sir
John
Hotham
and
his
Son
were
also
condemned
to
lose
their
Heads
for
endeavouring
to
betray
the
Garison
of
Hull
to
the
Enemy
;
which
Sentence
was
put
in
execution
upon
the
Son
the
1st
of
January
,
1643.
and
on
the
Father
the
day
following
.
Sir
Alexander
Carew
was
also
beheaded
for
endeavouring
to
betray
Plimouth
,
with
the
Government
of
which
he
was
entrusted
by
the
Parliament
.
About
the
16
th
of
the
same
January
the
Scots
marched
into
England
,
and
having
Berwick
secured
for
them
,
the
first
thing
they
attempted
was
the
taking
of
Newcastle
,
which
they
did
by
storm
:
The
Lords
and
Commons
for
their
Encouragement
having
sentenced
,
and
caused
execution
to
be
done
upon
William
Laud
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
their
Capital
Enemy
,
o●
the
10
th
of
the
same
Month.
Sir
William
Waller
being
reinforced
with
some
City-Regiments
,
thought
himself
strong
enough
to
take
the
field
:
and
because
the
Western
Clothiers
were
often
obstructed
in
their
Passage
to
London
by
the
Garison
of
Basinghouse
,
which
was
kept
for
the
King
,
he
attempted
to
reduce
it
,
but
was
repulsed
with
loss
.
After
which
he
marched
to
Arundel
in
Sussex
,
where
he
soon
beat
the
King's
Garison
out
of
the
Town
into
the
Castle
,
which
after
some
time
,
and
the
loss
of
some
Men
,
was
surrendred
to
him
,
with
several
Persons
of
Quality
therein
,
at
Mercy
.
About
the
middle
of
January
Sir
William
assured
us
,
that
if
we
held
out
a
Fortnight
longer
,
he
would
relieve
us
,
or
lay
his
Bones
under
our
Walls
.
We
had
also
some
hopes
given
us
from
Southampton
and
Pool
,
the
latter
of
which
Places
about
this
time
some
of
the
Inhabitants
endeavoured
to
betray
to
the
Lord
Crawford
;
but
the
Design
being
discovered
,
as
the
Enemy
was
entring
the
Outworks
,
and
expecting
to
be
admitted
into
the
Town
,
some
great
Guns
loaded
with
small
Shot
were
fired
upon
his
Men
,
and
made
a
great
Slaughter
amongst
them
.
Between
these
two
Garisons
of
Southampton
and
Pool
lay
my
Troop
of
Horse
,
to
do
what
Service
they
could
against
the
Enemy
,
and
to
favour
our
Relief
:
where
my
Cornet
,
afterwards
known
by
the
name
of
Major
William
Ludlow
,
was
shot
through
the
Body
,
and
into
the
Thigh
,
and
his
Horse
in
two
places
,
by
some
of
the
Enemy
from
an
Ambuscade
;
being
brought
to
Southampton
,
and
his
Wounds
searched
,
the
Bullet
that
went
in
at
his
Belly
was
found
at
the
Chine
of
his
Back
,
with
a
piece
of
the
Wastband
of
his
Breeches
,
which
being
cut
out
,
he
wonderfully
recovered
to
be
in
some
measure
serviceable
to
the
Publick
.
To
encourage
the
Forces
of
Pool
and
Southampton
to
come
to
our
Relief
,
I
sent
them
word
,
that
they
should
have
seven
or
eight
hundred
Pounds
to
gratify
them
,
which
I
was
able
to
make
good
with
what
I
had
remaining
of
the
Plate
which
I
had
found
in
one
of
the
Closets
of
the
Castle
,
as
I
mentioned
before
.
Towards
the
end
of
the
Winter
Sir
Ralph
Hopton
,
who
commanded
the
King's
Forces
in
the
West
,
being
informed
that
the
Battery
which
had
fired
against
us
for
two
Months
had
done
no
great
execution
,
and
that
Col.
Barns
was
more
employed
in
plundering
the
Country
than
in
advancing
the
King's
Service
,
sent
Sir
Francis
Doddington
with
a
further
Supply
of
Men
to
reduce
us
;
and
with
him
an
Engineer
to
undermine
the
Castle
.
To
this
end
they
forced
the
Miners
of
Meinshup
to
assist
them
.
As
soon
as
we
heard
the
noise
of
their
Digging
,
we
endeavoured
to
countermine
them
;
but
the
Castle
Walls
being
joined
with
an
entire
Wall
at
the
Foundation
,
the
Morter
whereof
was
so
well
tempered
,
that
it
was
harder
than
the
Stones
themselves
,
we
could
by
no
means
break
through
it
.
Our
Medicines
were
now
spent
,
and
our
Chirurgeon
,
who
with
eight
of
his
Brothers
served
at
that
time
in
my
Troop
,
shot
through
the
Body
and
disabled
,
tho
the
Bullet
gl●ncing
missed
the
Vitals
.
One
of
his
Brothers
,
with
another
Souldier
,
adventured
out
of
the
Window
in
order
to
procure
some
means
for
his
Recovery
,
whilst
some
of
ours
by
Discourses
,
firing
,
and
much
Noise
,
drew
the
Enemy
to
the
other
side
of
the
Castle
;
so
that
they
safely
passed
their
Guards
,
and
went
to
the
honest
Man's
House
before
mentioned
,
where
they
met
again
that
Friend
of
ours
,
who
being
pressed
by
the
Enemy
to
serve
them
,
remained
with
them
to
serve
us
;
and
received
from
him
a
Letter
directed
to
us
from
some
of
our
Friends
,
encouraging
us
to
hold
out
,
and
promising
us
Relief
within
ten
days
:
of
whose
Approach
this
our
Friend
undertook
to
give
us
notice
,
by
the
signs
before
agreed
on
.
Our
Messengers
having
furnished
themselves
with
what
they
went
for
,
returned
to
us
with
this
good
News
,
this
poor
honest
Man
having
drawn
off
the
Sentinel
by
whom
they
were
to
pass
.
The
ten
days
being
expired
,
and
ten
more
after
them
,
without
any
tidings
of
Relief
,
our
Provisions
wasting
,
I
observed
a
great
Silence
amongst
the
Enemy
;
and
being
desirous
to
know
whether
our
Friend
were
upon
the
Guard
,
that
we
might
learn
of
him
what
he
knew
,
we
took
occasion
from
their
Silence
to
desire
of
them
,
that
if
they
were
alive
they
would
make
some
Noise
,
tho
they
might
not
be
permitted
to
speak
:
which
one
of
them
doing
by
blowing
his
Nose
,
we
were
willing
to
make
a
further
Discovery
;
and
having
told
him
he
did
it
in
his
Sleeve
for
want
of
a
Handkerchief
,
he
by
this
time
understanding
our
meaning
,
appeared
in
sight
,
and
with
his
Handkerchief
blew
his
Nose
again
,
endeavouring
by
Signs
and
Words
to
inform
us
of
our
Condition
,
digging
in
the
Wall
of
the
Stable
,
and
laying
the
Stones
in
order
;
then
discoursing
with
two
of
his
Fellows
,
he
challenged
them
to
play
at
Football
with
one
of
them
the
next
,
and
with
the
other
the
day
after
;
saying
to
them
aloud
,
that
we
might
hear
,
If
I
beat
the
first
,
I
fear
not
the
second
.
Tho
we
supposed
that
the
first
Danger
he
designed
to
admonish
us
of
was
the
Mine
;
yet
for
the
more
clear
discovery
thereof
,
we
laid
a
train
of
Powder
upon
the
Castle-wall
,
which
he
by
signs
signified
to
us
to
be
what
he
intended
.
But
we
were
mistaken
in
the
Interpretation
of
his
second
Action
,
by
which
we
concluded
he
designed
to
represent
to
us
a
speedy
Relief
,
if
we
could
hold
out
against
the
first
;
tho
it
was
indeed
another
Mine
prepared
to
spring
immediately
after
the
first
,
as
we
afterwards
found
,
tho
we
never
had
the
happiness
to
see
or
speak
with
the
poor
Man
more
.
I
received
a
Letter
from
Sir
Francis
Doddington
,
who
commanded
in
Chief
before
us
,
wherein
taking
notice
of
the
Relation
between
our
Families
,
he
expressed
himself
ready
to
do
me
any
friendly
Office
,
and
advised
me
to
a
timely
Delivery
of
the
Castle
,
lest
by
refusing
so
to
do
I
should
bring
my
Blood
upon
my
own
head
.
In
my
Answer
I
acknowledged
his
Civility
,
assuring
him
,
that
being
entrusted
with
the
Custody
of
it
by
the
Authority
of
the
Parliament
for
the
Service
of
the
Country
,
I
could
cheerfully
lay
down
my
Lise
in
discharge
of
the
Trust
reposed
in
me
;
for
that
it
would
not
be
only
in
my
Defence
,
but
in
Defence
of
the
Laws
and
Liberties
of
the
Nation
;
and
therefore
cautioned
him
how
he
proceeded
any
farther
in
assaulting
us
,
left
he
should
thereby
contract
the
Guilt
of
more
innocent
Blood
.
His
Letter
with
my
Answer
he
sent
to
Oxford
,
as
appeared
by
the
weekly
News-paper
of
London
,
wherein
they
were
printed
from
that
of
Oxford
,
which
Aulicus
published
to
shew
my
Opiniatreté
,
Britannicus
my
Fidelity
to
the
Publick
Cause
.
The
two
Nights
following
we
all
continued
upon
the
Guard
;
and
upon
the
Thursday
Morning
,
being
very
weary
,
I
lay
down
and
slept
till
between
ten
or
eleven
of
the
Clock
,
at
which
time
one
of
my
great
Guns
firing
upon
the
Enemy
,
shook
the
Match
which
they
had
left
burning
for
the
springing
of
the
Mine
into
the
Powder
,
so
that
the
Mine
springing
I
was
lifted
up
with
it
from
the
Floor
,
with
much
Dust
suddenly
about
me
;
which
was
no
sooner
laid
,
but
I
found
both
the
Doors
of
my
Chamber
blown
open
,
and
my
Window
towards
the
Enemy
blown
down
,
so
that
a
Cart
might
have
entred
at
the
Breach
.
The
Party
which
they
had
prepared
to
storm
us
lay
at
some
distance
,
to
secure
themselves
from
any
hurt
by
the
springing
of
the
Mine
:
but
that
being
done
,
they
made
haste
to
storm
,
which
they
might
easily
do
at
my
Window
,
the
Rubbish
of
the
Castle
having
made
them
a
way
almost
to
it
.
Those
who
stormed
on
my
side
were
the
Irish
yellow
Coats
,
commanded
by
Capt.
Leicester
.
My
Pistols
being
Wheel-locks
,
and
wound
up
all
night
,
I
could
not
get
to
fire
,
so
that
I
was
forced
to
trust
to
my
Sword
for
the
keeping
down
of
the
Enemy
,
being
alone
in
the
Chamber
,
and
all
Relief
excluded
from
me
,
except
such
as
came
in
by
one
of
my
Windows
that
looked
into
the
Court
of
the
Castle
,
through
which
I
called
to
my
Men
there
,
acquainting
them
with
my
condition
,
and
requiring
them
to
hasten
to
my
Relief
.
Mr.
Gabriel
Ludlow
my
Kinsman
not
only
came
himself
,
but
ordered
others
to
my
Assistance
,
and
to
that
end
placed
a
Ladder
under
the
Window
before-mentioned
,
which
being
too
short
by
near
two
Yards
,
I
was
obliged
to
leave
the
Breach
where
the
Enemy
was
ready
to
enter
,
five
or
six
times
,
to
take
his
Arms
and
himself
in
;
which
being
done
,
he
helped
in
five
or
six
more
,
whom
I
ordered
to
fill
up
the
Breach
and
the
Doors
with
the
Bed
,
Chairs
,
Table
,
and
such
things
as
were
next
at
hand
.
This
place
being
in
some
measure
secured
,
I
went
to
see
what
other
Breaches
had
been
made
,
and
to
provide
for
their
Defence
,
and
found
one
in
the
Room
under
me
well
defended
,
but
that
in
the
Ground-room
on
the
other
side
not
at
all
;
there
I
placed
a
Guard
,
and
ran
to
the
upper
Rooms
,
which
had
many
Doors
and
Windows
blown
open
,
at
every
one
of
which
I
appointed
a
Guard
in
some
measure
proportionable
to
the
Danger
.
From
thence
I
went
to
the
top
of
the
Castle
,
which
was
leaded
,
and
of
a
sex-angular
Figure
,
with
a
Turret
upon
each
Angle
.
Two
of
these
were
blown
down
,
with
part
of
the
Leads
,
behind
which
the
Enemy
sheltered
themselves
,
so
that
we
could
not
remove
them
by
our
shot
;
but
by
throwing
down
some
great
Stones
,
with
which
the
Mine
had
plentifully
furnished
us
,
we
killed
one
of
theirs
,
and
wounded
some
others
.
Capt.
Leicester
was
one
of
those
who
sheltered
themselves
behind
this
Rubbish
,
and
desired
leave
to
carry
off
the
wounded
Men
that
were
with
him
;
which
I
readily
granted
,
letting
them
know
,
that
we
sought
not
their
Blood
,
but
our
own
Defence
.
Soon
after
we
also
had
occasion
to
make
trial
of
their
Humanity
;
for
one
of
our
Souldiers
being
buried
in
the
outward
Rubbish
of
the
Castle
,
and
yet
alive
,
sent
to
acquaint
me
with
his
Condition
,
and
to
desire
my
Help
:
Upon
which
I
desired
of
the
Enemy
that
they
would
dig
him
out
,
and
make
him
Prisoner
;
or
suffer
us
to
do
it
,
and
we
would
deliver
him
to
them
:
but
they
would
consent
to
neither
;
and
when
I
told
them
that
I
had
not
used
them
so
,
but
had
permitted
them
to
carry
off
their
wounded
Men
,
they
replied
,
That
tho
it
was
my
Favour
to
suffer
that
,
yet
their
chief
Officer
would
not
permit
this
,
The
poor
Man
lived
in
this
condition
near
three
days
,
and
then
through
most
barbarous
Usage
,
being
denied
any
Relief
,
he
died
.
We
lost
three
of
our
Men
by
the
springing
of
the
Mine
,
but
the
rest
were
most
wonderfully
preserved
.
Our
Provision
of
Corn
,
which
at
the
rate
we
liv'd
would
have
lasted
three
Weeks
longer
,
was
blown
up
,
with
part
of
our
Ammunition
;
but
our
Provision
of
Flesh
being
for
about
four
days
,
was
preserved
.
Whilst
this
lasted
,
I
thought
it
advisable
,
having
repulsed
the
Enemy
,
to
put
the
best
countenance
we
could
upon
our
Affairs
,
hoping
by
so
doing
we
might
bring
the
Enemy
to
give
us
the
better
Conditions
.
But
Mr.
Balsum
our
Minister
,
with
two
or
three
more
religious
Men
,
who
till
that
time
had
carried
themselves
without
discovering
any
Fear
,
pressed
me
very
earnestly
to
propose
a
Treaty
to
the
Enemy
.
I
told
them
that
it
was
a
very
unseasonable
time
to
do
any
thing
of
that
nature
,
having
beat
off
the
Enemy
,
and
three
or
four
days
Provisions
left
:
That
I
did
not
doubt
before
that
was
spent
,
by
a
good
Improvement
of
our
time
,
to
bring
the
Enemy
to
reasonable
terms
:
Whereas
if
we
should
now
desire
a
Treaty
with
them
,
they
would
conclude
our
Spirits
low
,
our
Condition
desperate
,
and
so
hold
us
to
harder
terms
,
or
it
may
be
give
us
none
at
all
.
They
replied
,
that
if
I
refused
to
hearken
to
their
Proposal
,
they
judged
that
all
the
Blood
that
should
be
spilt
in
further
Opposition
would
be
charged
upon
my
account
.
This
being
a
very
heavy
Charge
laid
on
me
by
Men
of
Age
and
Experience
,
of
whose
Integrity
I
had
a
very
good
Opinion
,
I
durst
not
resist
any
longer
,
by
balancing
my
Youth
and
little
Experience
against
their
Years
and
Judgment
,
and
therefore
left
it
to
them
to
do
what
they
should
think
fit
;
but
they
assuring
me
they
would
rather
lose
their
Lives
than
do
any
thing
without
me
,
I
promised
that
if
they
would
call
to
the
Enemy
for
a
Parley
,
I
would
answer
.
Whereupon
they
moved
it
to
the
Enemy
,
who
took
time
to
acquaint
their
Commander
in
Chief
with
it
.
His
Answer
was
;
That
since
we
had
refused
to
treat
with
him
whilst
the
Castle
was
whole
,
he
would
not
now
treat
with
us
.
I
could
not
forbear
letting
the
Besiegers
know
,
that
the
Return
was
no
other
than
I
expected
:
That
the
Motion
did
not
arise
from
me
,
but
was
consented
to
by
me
for
the
satisfaction
of
some
about
me
,
who
were
now
resolved
to
expose
themselves
with
me
to
the
utmost
Hazards
in
defence
of
the
Place
,
without
demanding
any
Terms
again
;
not
doubting
,
if
we
were
necessitated
to
lay
down
our
Lives
in
this
Service
,
to
sell
them
at
a
good
rate
.
My
Friends
having
found
their
Advice
to
produce
no
other
effect
than
I
had
foretold
,
resolved
for
the
future
to
be
wholly
disposed
of
by
me
;
so
that
both
Officers
and
Souldiers
began
to
prepare
against
the
utmost
Extremity
.
None
of
ours
had
been
killed
by
the
Shot
during
the
Storm
,
but
some
slightly
wounded
,
and
their
Clothes
shot
through
,
a
Bullet
from
the
Enemy
having
pierced
my
Hat
close
by
my
Head
.
The
Besiegers
had
ten
killed
by
Shot
and
Stones
in
the
Storm
,
and
divers
wounded
:
Amongst
the
former
was
one
Hillsdeane
,
who
a
little
before
he
expired
said
,
he
saw
his
Brother
fire
that
Musquet
by
which
he
received
his
mortal
Wound
;
which
might
probably
be
,
his
Brother
being
one
of
those
who
defended
that
Breach
where
he
,
attempting
to
enter
,
was
shot
:
but
if
it
were
so
,
he
might
justly
do
it
by
the
Laws
of
God
and
Man
,
it
being
done
in
the
discharge
of
his
Duty
,
and
in
his
own
Defence
.
The
Silver
Plate
belonging
to
the
House
,
found
soon
after
we
were
close
besieged
,
I
buried
in
the
Cellar
,
with
the
help
of
one
of
my
Servants
.
On
Saturday
the
Enemy
began
to
converse
friendly
with
us
,
and
a
Cessation
of
Acts
of
Hostility
being
agreed
upon
,
a
Son
of
Col.
Barnes
,
Capt.
Farmer
,
Mr.
Plott
,
the
Gentleman
whom
I
formerly
mentioned
to
be
related
to
the
Lord
Cottington
,
and
to
have
endeavoured
to
perswade
me
to
surrender
the
Castle
before
the
Siege
,
with
several
other
Officers
,
came
up
close
to
the
Breaches
,
where
we
conferred
together
:
and
they
earnestly
pressing
me
to
surrender
,
I
told
them
I
would
not
be
averse
to
it
upon
fitting
Terms
;
for
had
not
those
who
owned
the
Castle
made
use
of
it
to
the
prejudice
of
the
Country
,
I
presumed
it
had
not
been
taken
from
them
,
and
possessed
by
us
,
in
order
to
prevent
the
like
Inconveniences
for
the
future
;
against
which
conceiving
sufficient
provision
made
by
the
springing
of
the
late
Mine
,
I
was
willing
to
quit
the
same
,
if
we
might
have
liberty
to
march
to
the
next
Garison
belonging
to
the
Parliament
,
with
our
Arms
,
and
what
else
we
had
in
the
Castle
.
They
replied
,
They
could
not
answer
to
his
Majesty
the
giving
of
such
Conditions
to
us
,
Sir
William
Waller
having
lately
refused
to
receive
Arundel-Castle
from
some
of
the
King's
Party
upon
any
other
Terms
than
at
Mercy
,
who
they
knew
to
have
been
in
a
much
better
state
of
Defence
than
we
were
;
and
therefore
pressed
us
to
deliver
our selves
upon
the
same
Condition
,
promising
us
much
Favour
.
To
this
I
answered
,
That
some
related
to
us
had
already
experienced
the
Favours
they
extended
to
their
Prisoners
:
That
the
Compliance
of
those
at
Arundel
ought
to
be
no
Precedent
to
us
;
and
that
unless
we
might
march
off
,
we
would
not
surrender
.
They
told
me
,
the
longer
I
held
out
the
worse
it
would
be
for
me
;
and
Mr.
Plott
,
who
,
as
he
since
informed
me
,
had
prevailed
with
them
to
propose
this
Treaty
,
earnestly
pressed
me
to
lay
hold
on
the
Opportunity
,
intimating
by
his
Words
and
Gestures
,
that
if
I
refused
it
,
I
should
not
have
another
:
but
I
resolving
to
defend
the
Place
as
long
as
I
could
,
our
Treaty
came
to
nothing
.
I
had
some
thoughts
of
charging
through
the
Enemy
in
the
beginning
of
the
Night
,
in
order
to
force
our
way
to
the
nearest
of
our
Garisons
,
which
I
presumed
might
have
been
effected
by
the
Morning
;
but
the
desperate
Condition
in
which
we
must
have
left
our
sick
and
wounded
Men
,
diverted
me
from
putting
that
Design
in
execution
.
And
now
the
Spirits
of
my
Souldiers
began
to
flag
;
my
Gunsmith
desiring
leave
to
go
home
,
and
several
others
making
choice
of
one
amongst
them
to
speak
for
them
,
were
very
importunate
with
me
to
surrender
;
with
which
expressing
my self
displeased
,
I
acquainted
them
that
I
would
take
the
best
time
to
do
it
for
their
Advantage
,
and
thereby
quieted
them
,
so
that
they
resolved
to
move
me
no
more
about
it
;
yet
ceasing
not
to
complain
to
each
other
of
their
Wants
and
Hardships
,
the
Enemy
became
acquainted
therewith
,
as
they
afterwards
told
me
.
On
the
Lord's-day
in
the
Afternoon
the
Besiegers
discoursed
with
some
of
our
Men
who
were
upon
the
Leads
,
endeavouring
to
draw
as
many
of
them
as
they
could
thither
,
that
the
Breaches
being
left
unguarded
,
they
might
have
an
opportunity
to
take
us
by
storm
;
which
I
perceiving
,
made
use
of
it
to
animate
our
Men
afresh
,
and
succeeded
so
well
therein
,
that
the
Enemy
by
our
Cheerfulness
began
to
suspect
that
we
had
some
notice
of
Relief
approaching
.
This
Suspicion
caused
them
to
continue
discoursing
with
my
Souldiers
most
part
of
the
Night
,
to
get
the
Truth
out
of
them
,
promising
them
liberty
to
march
away
,
if
they
would
deliver
Mr.
Balsum
our
Minister
,
or
my self
to
them
.
The
next
Morning
many
of
them
came
up
to
one
of
the
Breaches
,
to
perswade
us
to
surrender
;
which
Opportunity
being
willing
to
improve
,
having
ten
Doors
blown
open
by
the
first
Mine
,
our
Walls
that
stood
being
cracked
in
several
places
,
and
another
Mine
ready
to
spring
,
that
would
probably
level
the
most
part
of
the
Castle
with
the
Ground
,
not
having
Provision
sufficient
for
one
day
left
,
nor
any
hopes
of
Relief
,
I
propounded
to
them
to
yield
my self
their
Prisoner
,
if
they
would
consent
that
those
with
me
might
march
off
.
To
which
they
answering
,
That
tho
my
good
Nature
led
me
to
make
that
Offer
,
yet
they
could
not
accept
of
it
:
I
told
them
,
that
unless
I
might
have
four
things
granted
,
I
would
not
deliver
the
Castle
.
1st.
Quarter
without
distinction
for
the
Lives
of
every
one
.
2dly
.
Civil
Usage
for
all
my
Party
.
3dly
.
Not
to
be
carried
to
Oxford
.
4thly
.
A
speedy
Exchange
.
They
promised
me
I
should
have
all
these
made
good
to
the
full
;
and
Col.
Barns
said
,
that
if
I
pleased
to
come
out
to
them
,
I
should
find
more
Friends
than
I
expected
:
whereupon
requiring
my
Men
to
be
upon
their
Guard
,
and
not
to
suffer
any
to
come
near
them
till
my
Return
,
I
went
out
to
them
,
and
they
brought
me
to
the
Lord
Arundel
and
Sir
Francis
Doddington
,
who
were
without
the
Garden-wall
,
where
my
Lord
Arundel
assured
me
,
that
what
was
agreed
should
be
made
good
to
me
;
and
was
pleased
further
to
add
,
that
tho
he
preferred
my
Conversion
before
the
Enjoyment
of
his
own
Children
,
yet
if
I
thought
fit
to
persist
in
the
way
I
had
begun
,
he
would
do
his
utmost
to
endeavour
that
I
might
be
exchanged
for
his
two
Sons
,
who
were
then
Prisoners
with
Sir
William
Waller
.
To
this
I
answered
,
that
if
I
were
convinced
that
the
Cause
I
had
engaged
in
was
not
good
,
I
should
soon
recede
from
it
;
but
till
then
I
could
not
but
persist
in
the
prosecution
thereof
.
Sir
Francis
Doddington
told
me
,
he
was
glad
to
see
me
alive
,
but
sorry
to
find
so
much
Resolution
employed
in
so
bad
a
Cause
.
I
let
him
know
,
that
my
Apprehensions
concerning
the
Cause
were
very
different
from
his
,
else
I
had
not
hazarded
my self
as
I
had
done
.
He
also
promised
the
performance
of
the
Articles
to
the
utmost
of
his
Power
;
and
for
my self
,
that
whilst
I
was
in
his
Custody
I
should
have
no
other
Prison
but
his
own
Lodgings
.
Thus
all
things
being
agreed
upon
,
I
returned
to
the
Castle
,
and
ordered
my
Souldiers
to
lay
down
their
Arms
;
which
being
done
,
the
Enemy
directed
them
to
draw
together
into
a
certain
Room
in
the
Castle
,
where
they
set
a
Guard
upon
them
;
but
gave
me
the
liberty
of
the
Place
upon
my
Parole
,
offering
me
one
or
two
of
my
own
Company
to
associate
with
me
:
whereupon
I
desired
that
my
Cousin
Gabriel
Ludlow
,
Mr.
Balsum
,
and
a
Servant
,
might
be
permitted
to
come
to
me
,
which
was
granted
.
Their
Civility
to
me
was
such
,
especially
that
of
the
Lord
Arundel
,
that
I
discovered
to
him
the
Plate
and
other
things
that
I
had
hid
in
the
Castle
:
but
I
cannot
say
that
they
performed
their
Articles
with
me
in
relation
to
my
Men
;
for
the
second
day
after
their
entrance
,
they
threatned
to
take
away
the
Lives
of
two
of
them
,
who
having
been
formerly
pressed
by
them
,
and
their
Consciences
not
giving
them
leave
to
serve
them
,
chose
rather
to
come
to
us
,
and
be
besieged
with
us
,
than
to
have
liberty
to
range
and
oppress
the
Country
with
them
.
The
poor
Men
made
their
Condition
known
to
me
;
and
I
went
to
the
chief
Officers
of
the
Enemy
,
and
charged
them
with
it
as
a
breach
of
that
Article
by
which
we
were
to
have
all
our
Lives
secured
to
us
,
in
virtue
of
these
words
,
Quarter
without
distinction
.
Capt.
Leicester
,
to
whom
I
principally
applied
my self
,
because
he
pretended
to
most
Experience
in
things
of
this
nature
,
told
me
,
that
I
only
conditioned
for
my
Souldiers
,
and
that
these
who
ran
from
them
were
not
mine
,
but
theirs
:
I
replied
,
that
they
were
never
theirs
,
tho
they
had
forced
them
to
be
with
them
,
having
pressed
them
into
their
Service
,
which
they
had
no
Power
to
do
;
but
tho
it
should
be
granted
that
they
had
been
theirs
,
yet
they
were
now
ours
,
and
the
words
of
the
Article
were
,
Quarter
without
distinction
.
He
answered
,
that
if
I
had
intended
to
have
these
included
,
I
should
have
particularly
named
them
.
I
told
him
,
that
it
was
needless
,
every
Particular
being
included
in
the
Vniversal
;
and
that
if
I
had
suspected
such
Usage
,
I
would
have
died
before
I
would
have
delivered
the
Castle
them
.
He
said
,
that
if
I
disliked
the
Conditions
,
they
would
withdraw
,
and
leave
me
as
they
found
me
.
I
replied
,
that
seeing
they
were
now
acquainted
with
my
Necessities
,
that
Proposition
was
as
unworthy
and
disingenuous
as
their
Interpretation
of
the
Articles
;
and
that
if
they
proceeded
to
Extremities
against
the
two
Souldiers
,
because
the
Power
was
at
present
in
their
hands
,
I
did
not
doubt
that
God
would
give
me
an
opportunity
to
resent
it
;
and
if
not
,
I
was
fully
assured
that
He
would
do
it
himself
.
In
the
Afternoon
I
was
desired
to
go
to
Sir
Francis
Doddington's
Quarters
,
which
were
at
a
Gentleman's
House
about
half
a
Mile
from
the
Castle
;
to
which
place
I
was
accompanied
by
one
Lieutenant
Elsing
,
Brother
to
the
Clerk
of
the
Parliament
of
that
name
,
with
whom
I
had
a
free
Debate
concerning
the
Justice
of
our
Cause
,
and
the
Evil
of
their
Undertaking
,
especially
of
those
amongst
them
,
who
,
having
been
sent
by
the
Parliament
against
the
Rebels
in
Ireland
,
had
returned
and
drawn
their
Swords
against
those
that
had
raised
them
;
which
was
his
case
.
He
was
so
convinced
of
the
truth
of
what
I
said
,
that
he
took
the
first
opportunity
he
could
find
to
return
to
us
;
and
to
that
end
went
to
the
Garison
of
Glocester
,
where
he
was
employed
,
and
behaved
himself
so
well
,
that
he
was
advanced
to
the
Command
of
a
Lieutenant
Colonel
in
a
Regiment
of
Foot
;
in
which
Capacity
he
went
afterwards
into
Ireland
,
where
he
lost
his
Life
against
the
Rebels
.
Having
received
notice
that
a
Council
of
War
was
sitting
upon
the
two
Souldiers
before-mentioned
,
and
also
that
they
endeavoured
to
find
some
Pretext
to
take
away
the
Life
of
Mr.
Balsum
our
Minister
,
I
sent
to
admonish
them
to
be
careful
to
preserve
themselves
from
the
Guilt
of
innocent
Blood
;
putting
them
in
mind
,
that
if
they
proceeded
to
such
a
breach
of
their
Faith
,
they
must
expect
to
account
for
it
at
another
time
.
Upon
this
Message
one
Capt.
Bishop
observing
them
to
persist
in
their
bloody
Intentions
,
withdrew
from
the
Council
,
and
soon
after
from
the
Party
.
But
Sir
Francis
'
Doddington
and
Capt.
Leicester
so
ordered
the
matter
at
the
Council
,
that
the
two
Souldiers
were
condemned
,
and
most
persidiously
executed
.
They
also
discovered
all
imaginable
Malice
against
Mr.
Balsum
,
but
finding
no
colour
to
proceed
against
him
in
this
publick
way
,
they
sell
upon
a
more
secret
and
baser
Method
to
take
away
his
Life
;
to
that
end
sending
three
Men
,
who
broke
in
upon
him
whilst
he
was
at
Prayer
;
but
he
rising
up
,
and
looking
steddily
upon
them
,
observing
them
to
stand
still
,
demanded
of
them
the
cause
of
their
coming
,
who
standing
some
time
with
Horror
and
Confusion
in
their
Faces
,
after
some
Conference
with
each
other
,
confessed
to
him
,
that
they
were
sent
to
destroy
him
,
but
that
they
found
a
Superiour
Power
restraining
them
,
and
convincing
them
of
the
Wickedness
of
their
Intentions
,
offering
to
convey
him
out
of
the
hands
of
his
Enemies
,
or
to
do
any
thing
else
for
him
that
he
should
desire
.
He
thanked
them
for
their
Kindness
,
and
being
unwilling
they
should
hazard
themselves
for
his
sake
,
desired
only
some
sew
Necessaries
,
the
Weather
being
cold
,
and
he
in
great
want
,
which
they
readily
furnished
him
with
.
Soon
after
he
was
carried
away
to
Salisbury
,
and
the
rest
of
the
Officers
and
Souldiers
of
our
Garison
sent
to
Oxford
,
contrary
to
the
express
Words
of
the
third
Article
of
our
Capitulation
,
the
Enemy
pretending
to
a
positive
Order
of
the
King
for
so
doing
.
Sir
Francis
Doddington
having
dispatched
some
Affairs
in
the
Country
,
took
me
with
him
to
Winchester
,
and
in
our
way
thither
shewed
me
a
Letter
from
Sir
Ralph
Hopton
,
desiring
him
to
use
all
means
possible
to
draw
me
to
their
Party
,
which
he
endeavoured
by
making
use
of
the
best
Arguments
he
could
,
to
prove
the
Justice
of
their
Cause
,
the
Probability
of
their
Success
,
and
the
Inconsiderableness
of
our
Strength
in
all
Parts
,
accompanying
them
with
all
the
Incouragements
imaginable
.
The
first
Night
of
our
Journey
we
lay
at
one
Mr.
Awbery's
of
Chalk
,
where
we
met
with
Dr.
Earl
and
young
Mr.
Gataker
,
whom
he
desired
to
assist
him
in
his
design
to
convert
me
.
Mr.
Gataker
rather
chid
than
argued
with
me
:
Dr.
Earl
accused
the
Parliament
of
endeavouring
the
Destruction
of
Learning
,
which
I
desiring
him
to
make
appear
,
he
told
me
,
that
by
abolishing
Episcopacy
we
took
away
all
Encouragement
to
it
;
for
that
Men
would
not
send
their
Sons
to
the
University
,
had
they
not
some
hopes
that
they
might
attain
to
that
Preferment
.
To
this
I
replied
,
that
it
would
be
much
more
honest
for
such
Men
to
train
up
their
Children
at
the
Plow
,
whereby
they
might
be
certainly
provided
with
a
Livelihood
,
than
to
spend
their
Time
and
Money
to
advance
them
to
an
Office
,
pretended
to
be
spiritual
,
and
instituted
for
spiritual
Ends
,
upon
such
a
sordid
Principle
and
Consideration
.
Sir
Francis
,
as
I
conceived
,
ashamed
of
the
Doctor
's
Discourse
,
put
an
end
to
the
Conversation
.
The
next
day
we
went
to
Salisbury
,
where
,
tho
multitudes
of
People
were
in
the
Streets
,
and
in
the
Inn
where
I
was
lodged
,
no
Person
offered
me
the
least
Incivility
,
tho
I
took
the
liberty
in
my
Chamber
to
maintain
the
Justice
of
our
Cause
in
the
Presence
of
forty
or
fifty
of
the
Town
.
Mr.
John
Penruddock
,
High
Sheriff
of
the
County
,
having
confined
Mr.
Balsum
to
the
County-Goal
,
and
sent
to
him
to
prepare
himself
to
die
,
assuring
him
that
he
was
to
be
executed
in
a
short
time
,
came
to
me
,
and
with
many
other
Expressions
of
Kindness
desired
me
,
that
in
case
of
any
Extremity
I
would
send
to
him
,
assuring
me
,
that
he
wished
me
as
well
as
his
own
Children
,
and
promising
that
he
would
ride
Night
and
Day
to
serve
me
.
This
poor
Gentleman
was
so
unhappy
,
during
his
Shrievalty
,
to
have
two
of
his
Nephews
,
presuming
upon
their
Uncle's
Interest
,
and
pressing
through
his
Guards
,
killed
by
them
,
he
having
given
Order
that
none
should
be
permitted
to
pass
without
a
strict
Examination
.
In
our
way
to
Winchester
one
Mr.
Fisher
,
an
Acquaintance
of
mine
,
then
an
Officer
of
the
King
's
,
saluted
me
,
and
enquiring
how
I
did
,
I
answered
him
,
As
well
as
one
could
be
in
my
condition
;
he
thereupon
replying
,
Why
,
I
hope
they
use
you
civilly
,
do
they
not
?
Yes
,
said
I
,
very
civilly
.
Sir
Francis
Doddington
over-hearing
him
,
took
it
so
ill
,
that
he
caused
him
to
be
immediately
disarmed
,
telling
him
,
that
he
was
too
bold
,
to
call
in
question
the
Usage
of
his
Prisoner
.
Being
arrived
at
Winchester
,
I
staid
at
an
Inn
till
a
private
Lodging
was
provided
for
Sir
Francis
,
at
whose
Quarters
,
according
to
his
Promise
,
I
lodged
,
whilst
in
his
Custody
.
Most
of
the
Officers
about
the
Town
came
to
me
at
the
Inn
,
several
of
them
pressing
me
to
discourse
,
and
particularly
concerning
the
Justice
of
our
Cause
:
I
excused
my self
,
by
reason
of
my
present
Circumstances
;
but
they
still
persisting
,
I
thought
my self
obliged
to
maintain
the
necessity
of
our
taking
up
Arms
in
defence
of
our
Religion
and
Liberties
;
but
some
of
them
being
wholly
biassed
to
their
Interest
,
as
they
went
from
me
,
met
a
Relation
of
mine
,
one
Col.
Richard
Manning
,
who
,
tho
a
Papist
,
commanded
a
Regiment
of
Horse
in
the
King's
Service
,
and
told
him
,
that
they
came
from
one
of
the
boldest
Rebels
that
they
had
ever
seen
.
The
Colonel
coming
to
visit
me
,
informed
me
of
this
Discourse
,
advising
me
,
whatsoever
I
thought
,
not
to
be
so
free
with
them
,
lest
they
should
do
me
some
Mischief
.
The
next
Morning
,
before
our
Departure
for
Oxford
,
Sir
Francis
Doddington
brought
me
to
Sir
Ralph
Hopton's
Lodgings
,
which
being
the
Head-quarters
,
we
found
there
most
of
the
Principal
Officers
of
that
Army
;
where
the
General
,
after
he
had
saluted
me
,
demanded
how
I
,
being
a
Gentleman
,
could
satisfy
my self
to
bear
Arms
against
my
King
:
I
told
him
,
that
,
as
I
conceived
,
the
Laws
both
of
God
and
Man
did
justify
me
in
what
I
had
done
.
Well
,
said
he
,
I
understand
you
are
so
fixed
in
your
Principles
,
that
I
am
like
to
do
little
good
upon
you
by
my
Perswasions
;
but
shall
desire
the
Archbishop
of
Armagh
to
take
the
pains
to
speak
with
you
,
when
you
come
to
Oxford
;
and
if
he
cannot
work
on
you
,
I
know
not
who
can
.
This
Bishop
was
very
learned
,
and
of
great
Reputation
for
Piety
;
yet
I
was
assured
by
one
who
had
his
Information
from
Mr.
Bernard
of
Batcomb
,
that
when
the
said
Mr.
Bernard
earnestly
pressed
him
to
deal
faithfully
with
the
King
in
the
Controversy
which
was
between
him
and
the
Parliament
concerning
Episcopacy
,
according
to
his
own
Judgment
in
that
matter
,
which
he
knew
to
be
against
it
,
representing
to
him
the
great
and
important
Service
he
would
thereby
do
to
the
Church
of
God
,
the
Archbishop
answered
,
that
if
he
should
do
as
Mr.
Bernard
proposed
,
he
should
ruin
himself
and
Family
,
having
a
Child
and
many
Debts
.
For
this
reason
those
Arguments
which
could
not
prevail
with
me
,
when
used
by
others
,
were
not
likely
to
be
of
more
Efficacy
from
him
,
who
in
a
business
of
such
Concernment
had
been
diverted
from
the
discharge
of
his
Duty
by
such
low
and
sordid
Considerations
.
The
next
day
I
came
to
Oxford
,
conducted
by
a
Party
of
Horse
commanded
by
one
who
was
Captain
Lieutenant
to
Sir
Francis
Doddington
,
where
reposing
a
while
at
a
House
near
Christ-Church
,
till
the
Pleasure
of
the
King
might
be
known
concerning
me
,
there
came
to
me
two
Persons
very
zealous
to
justify
the
King's
Cause
,
and
to
condemn
that
of
the
Parliament
.
These
Men
were
Irish
Papists
,
sent
over
by
the
Rebels
in
Ireland
to
treat
with
the
King
on
their
part
,
about
assisting
him
against
the
Parliament
.
This
I
afterwards
understood
from
one
of
them
,
whose
Name
was
Callaghan
O
Callaghan
,
when
,
together
with
the
Brigade
commanded
by
the
Lord
Musquerry
,
he
laid
down
his
Arms
to
me
in
Ireland
.
The
King
looking
upon
such
Men
as
most
fit
to
be
confided
in
,
gives
the
Presidentship
of
Munster
,
vacant
by
the
Death
of
Sir
William
St.
Leger
,
to
the
Lord
Musquerry
,
an
Irish
Rebel
;
which
the
Lord
Inchequin
,
Son-in-law
to
Sir
William
,
soliciting
for
,
and
claiming
a
Right
to
it
,
took
so
ill
,
that
the
Lord
Broghill
,
as
he
since
informed
me
,
found
no
great
difficulty
to
prevail
with
him
to
declare
for
the
Parliament
,
who
thereupon
made
him
their
President
of
Munster
.
In
this
Capacity
he
performed
many
considerable
Services
against
the
Irish
,
taking
great
store
of
Plunder
from
them
,
and
not
sparing
even
his
own
Kindred
,
but
if
he
found
them
faulty
,
hanging
them
up
without
distinction
.
Having
brought
together
an
Army
,
he
marched
into
the
County
of
Tipperary
,
and
hearing
that
many
Priests
and
Gentry
about
Cashell
had
retired
with
their
Goods
into
the
Church
,
he
stormed
it
,
and
being
entred
,
put
three
thousand
of
them
to
the
Sword
,
taking
the
Priests
even
from
under
the
Altar
:
Of
such
Force
is
Ambition
when
it
seizes
upon
the
Minds
of
Men.
About
this
time
Sir
Edward
Deering
came
from
the
King's
Quarters
at
Oxford
,
and
surrendred
himself
at
Westminster
;
where
being
examined
in
the
House
of
Commons
,
he
said
,
that
since
the
Cessation
made
with
the
Rebels
in
Ireland
,
seeing
so
many
Papists
and
Irish
in
the
King's
Army
,
and
his
Councils
wholly
governed
by
them
,
his
Conscience
would
not
permit
him
to
remain
longer
with
the
King
,
and
therefore
he
was
come
to
throw
himself
upon
the
Mercy
of
the
Parliament
,
and
in
conformity
to
their
Declaration
,
to
compound
for
his
Delinquency
.
Accordingly
he
was
admitted
to
Composition
,
and
an
Order
made
to
proceed
in
like
manner
towards
such
as
should
come
in
after
him
.
Whereupon
the
Earl
of
Westmorland
,
and
divers
others
,
came
in
to
the
Parliament
,
and
desired
the
Benefit
of
their
Declaration
for
Composition
.
Whilst
I
was
attending
the
King's
Pleasure
at
Oxford
,
the
Captain
that
conveyed
me
thither
brought
me
word
,
that
he
was
ordered
to
deliver
me
to
Mr.
Thorpe
the
Keeper
of
the
Castle
;
and
pretending
much
Affection
to
me
,
told
me
,
that
the
said
Keeper
would
take
from
me
my
upper
Garment
,
my
Money
,
and
all
that
was
loose
about
me
,
advising
me
therefore
to
leave
such
things
with
him
,
and
promising
to
bring
them
to
me
in
the
Morning
:
I
not
suspecting
his
Design
,
delivered
him
my
Cloke
,
with
my
Money
,
and
some
other
things
,
all
which
he
carried
away
with
him
the
next
day
;
neither
could
I
have
any
Redress
,
tho
I
wrote
to
Sir
Francis
Doddington
,
complaining
of
this
Treachery
,
the
Keeper
of
the
Castle
not
laying
the
least
Claim
to
any
such
thing
.
Our
sick
and
wounded
Men
,
after
they
had
been
kept
for
some
time
Prisoners
in
the
Hall
of
Warder-Castle
,
where
a
Popish
Priest
very
solemnly
,
with
his
Hands
spread
over
them
,
cursed
them
three
times
,
were
carried
from
thence
to
Bristol
.
In
the
Castle
at
Oxford
I
met
with
Mr.
Balsum
,
and
other
Friends
,
who
had
been
with
me
in
Warder-Castle
,
with
many
more
who
were
detained
there
for
their
Affection
to
the
Parliament
,
amongst
whom
were
Col.
Shilborn
of
Buckinghamshire
,
Col.
Henly
of
Dorsetshire
,
Capt.
Haley
of
Glocestershire
,
and
Capt.
Abercromy
a
Scots-man
.
I
had
a
Friend
in
the
Town
who
furnished
me
with
what
I
wanted
:
those
who
had
not
any
such
means
of
Relief
,
were
supplied
from
London
by
a
Collection
of
the
Sum
of
three
hundred
Pounds
,
made
for
them
by
some
Citizens
,
and
conveyed
down
to
them
.
Neither
was
Oxford
it self
destitute
of
some
who
contributed
to
their
Relief
;
one
Dr.
Hobbs
in
particular
,
who
preached
then
at
Carfax
,
an
honest
Man
of
the
Episcopal
Party
,
usually
putting
them
in
mind
of
it
after
his
Sermon
.
The
Prisoners
taken
by
the
King's
Party
had
been
treated
very
cruelly
,
especially
at
Oxford
,
by
Smith
the
Marshal
there
;
but
the
Members
of
Parliament
that
deserted
their
Trust
at
Westminster
coming
thither
,
and
sitting
in
Council
there
,
having
not
quite
lost
the
Affections
of
English-men
,
took
the
examination
of
that
Affair
into
their
hands
,
and
suspended
Smith
from
the
execution
of
his
Office
,
till
he
should
give
Satisfaction
concerning
those
things
of
which
he
was
accused
.
They
committed
the
Management
of
the
Place
to
one
Thorp
,
and
sent
some
of
their
own
Number
to
enquire
concerning
our
Usage
.
In
the
mean
time
Smith
came
to
me
by
Order
,
and
offered
me
the
liberty
of
the
Town
,
and
to
lodg
where
I
pleased
therein
,
upon
my
Parole
to
be
a
true
Prisoner
:
but
demanding
of
him
,
whether
,
in
case
I
accepted
his
Offer
,
I
might
have
the
liberty
to
visit
my
Friends
in
the
Castle
when
I
thought
fit
;
and
he
answering
,
that
it
would
not
be
allowed
,
I
chose
rather
to
be
confined
with
my
Friends
than
at
liberty
with
my
Enemies
.
The
Lord
Arundel
endeavouring
to
make
good
his
Promise
of
procuring
my
Exchange
for
his
two
Sons
,
earnestly
solicited
the
King
to
it
;
but
tho
he
had
been
a
great
Sufferer
for
his
Service
,
the
King
positively
refused
to
grant
his
Request
,
telling
him
,
he
had
no
use
of
Children
.
The
Lady
Byron
came
to
me
,
and
desired
me
to
procure
her
Husband
,
who
was
Prisoner
in
the
Tower
,
to
be
exchanged
for
me
,
and
carried
a
Letter
from
me
to
my
Mother
then
at
London
,
about
it
;
who
soliciting
the
Earl
of
Essex
our
General
to
that
effect
,
was
desired
by
him
not
to
trouble
her self
any
more
therein
,
assuring
her
that
he
would
be
as
careful
of
me
,
as
if
I
were
his
own
Son
.
A
Person
from
Sir
Edward
Stradling
came
also
to
me
,
in
order
to
an
Exchange
between
us
,
telling
me
,
that
the
King
had
promised
that
nothing
of
that
nature
should
be
done
before
Sir
Edward
Stradling
and
Col.
Lunsford
were
exchanged
.
The
Lord
Willmot
sent
a
Gentleman
to
acquaint
me
that
he
had
procured
a
Grant
from
the
King
,
that
I
should
be
exchanged
for
Sir
Hugh
Pollard
;
and
that
if
I
would
write
a
Letter
to
the
Earl
of
Essex
with
the
Proposal
,
he
would
send
it
by
a
Trumpeter
;
but
I
judging
this
Exchange
to
be
very
unequal
,
Sir
Hugh
being
a
Person
much
esteemed
for
his
Interest
and
Experience
,
proposed
in
my
Letter
to
the
Lord
General
,
that
he
would
put
some
other
Person
with
me
into
the
Balance
against
him
.
Whilst
I
was
in
expectation
of
the
General
's
Answer
,
we
received
Advice
that
most
of
our
Foot
that
lay
before
Newark
,
commanded
by
Sir
John
Meldrum
,
a
worthy
Scots-man
,
were
defeated
and
made
Prisoners
by
Prince
Rupert
:
But
this
Loss
was
in
some
measure
recompensed
by
a
Victory
obtained
at
Cherington
in
Hampshire
,
by
our
Forces
,
commanded
by
Sir
William
Waller
,
against
those
of
the
King
commanded
by
Sir
Ralph
Hopton
.
The
Numbers
on
each
side
were
very
near
equal
,
and
the
Success
had
been
doubtful
for
the
most
part
of
the
day
,
but
at
last
the
Enemy
was
totally
routed
,
and
put
to
flight
:
And
had
good
use
been
made
of
this
Victory
,
the
Controversy
had
soon
been
decided
in
the
West
;
but
we
were
not
yet
so
happy
to
improve
our
Advantages
:
by
which
Negligence
we
got
little
more
than
the
Field
,
and
the
Reputation
of
the
Victory
,
tho
the
Enemy
lost
some
of
their
principal
Officers
in
the
Fight
,
amongst
whom
were
the
Lord
John
,
Brother
to
the
Duke
of
Lennox
,
Sir
Edward
Stawell
,
Col.
Richard
Manning
,
formerly
mentioned
,
and
that
Smith
who
had
been
knighted
by
the
King
for
rescuing
his
Standard
out
of
the
hands
of
Mr.
Chambers
,
Secretary
to
the
Earl
of
Essex
.
This
Fight
at
Cherington
happened
on
the
29
th
of
March
,
1644.
about
a
Fortnight
after
the
Surrender
of
Warder-Castle
,
till
which
time
had
I
been
able
to
keep
it
,
I
should
have
been
relieved
.
The
Enemies
Officers
came
to
the
Castle
at
Oxford
to
solicit
the
Prisoners
to
take
Arms
under
them
;
but
finding
their
Endeavours
to
prove
ineffectual
,
they
soon
desisted
from
that
Attempt
.
After
three
Weeks
Confinement
here
,
my
Exchange
was
agreed
,
the
Lord
General
Essex
expressing
much
Generosity
and
Readiness
in
it
,
as
he
had
promised
to
my
Mother
:
for
lest
the
King
should
be
reminded
of
his
Promise
to
Sir
Edward
Stradling
and
Col.
Lunsford
,
or
of
that
to
my
Lord
Willmot
in
favour
of
Sir
Hugh
Pollard
,
and
so
on
either
hand
the
design
of
my
Liberty
come
to
be
obstructed
,
he
consented
to
the
Exchange
of
all
the
three
for
Col.
Houghton
,
Sir
John
Savil
,
Capt.
Abercromy
,
and
my self
.
Col.
Henley
went
off
also
with
us
,
being
exchanged
for
Lieutenant
Colonel
Robert
Sandys
.
I
was
led
blindfold
through
the
City
of
Oxford
till
I
had
passed
their
Works
,
and
the
next
day
arrived
at
London
,
where
I
found
the
Earl
of
Essex
disposed
to
an
Exchange
for
my
Officers
and
Souldiers
,
which
was
soon
after
made
,
and
with
them
for
Mr.
Balsum
,
whom
he
entertained
as
his
Chaplain
to
the
time
of
his
Death
.
He
expressed
a
great
Desire
to
provide
me
with
a
Command
in
his
Army
:
but
the
Parliament
,
upon
the
Instances
of
the
Gentlemen
that
served
for
the
County
of
Wilts
,
having
appointed
me
Sheriff
thereof
,
upon
an
Invitation
of
Sir
Arthur
Haslerig
to
be
Major
of
his
Regiment
of
Horse
in
Sir
William
Waller's
Army
,
which
was
designed
for
the
Service
of
the
West
,
I
accepted
of
it
,
and
mounted
the
choicest
of
my
old
Souldiers
with
me
,
Sir
Arthur
buying
a
hundred
Horse
in
Smithfield
for
that
purpose
:
the
rest
of
my
Men
the
Lord
General
took
into
his
own
Company
.
As
soon
as
my
Troop
was
compleated
,
and
furnished
with
all
things
necessary
,
I
repaired
to
the
Regiment
then
with
Sir
William
Waller
near
Abingdon
,
who
was
directed
by
the
Parliament
with
his
Army
to
block
up
the
King
at
Oxford
on
one
side
,
whilst
the
Earl
of
Essex
should
do
the
same
on
the
other
.
Which
Storm
the
Queen
foreseeing
,
withdrew
to
Exeter
,
where
she
was
delivered
of
a
Daughter
,
which
she
leaving
in
the
Custody
of
the
Lady
Dalkeith
,
returned
to
France
,
as
well
to
secure
her self
,
as
to
solicit
for
Supplies
.
In
the
mean
time
the
King
breaking
out
from
Oxford
,
marched
towards
Worcestershire
;
upon
which
the
Earl
of
Essex
commanded
Sir
William
Waller
to
march
after
him
,
whilst
he
himself
with
his
Army
marched
westward
.
This
Order
seemed
very
strange
to
the
Parliament
,
and
to
most
of
us
,
being
likely
to
break
Sir
William
Waller's
Army
,
which
consisted
for
the
most
part
of
Western
Gentlemen
,
who
hop'd
thereby
to
have
been
enabled
to
secure
the
Country
,
and
to
promote
the
Publick
Service
.
The
Parliament
sent
to
the
Lord
General
to
observe
his
former
Orders
,
and
to
attend
the
King's
Motions
;
but
he
sending
them
a
short
Answer
,
continued
his
March
West
,
in
which
he
took
Weymouth
,
and
relieved
Lyme
,
that
had
endured
a
long
Siege
,
and
with
the
Assistance
of
the
Seamen
,
tho
their
Works
were
inconsiderable
,
had
often
repulsed
the
Enemy
,
and
killed
great
numbers
of
them
in
several
Sallies
that
they
made
upon
them
.
A
Party
commanded
by
Sir
Robert
Pye
was
ordered
to
Taunton
,
which
he
reduced
to
the
Obedience
of
the
Parliament
.
Upon
the
Advance
of
the
Earl
of
Essex
,
the
Army
of
the
Enemy
commanded
by
Prince
Maurice
retreated
farther
Westward
.
Sir
William
Waller
,
according
to
his
Orders
from
the
General
,
followed
the
King
,
but
could
not
find
an
opportunity
to
engage
him
;
so
that
the
Summer
being
almost
spent
,
and
the
Western
Gentlemen
observing
little
done
for
the
Security
of
those
Parts
to
which
they
were
related
,
prevailed
with
him
to
permit
Col.
Alexander
Popham
,
Col.
Edward
Popham
his
Brother
,
my self
,
and
some
others
,
to
return
into
the
West
,
in
order
to
provide
Recruits
for
his
Army
,
and
to
secure
the
Country
.
To
this
end
I
received
a
Commission
from
him
to
raise
and
command
a
Regiment
of
Horse
,
with
a
Permission
to
take
my
own
Troop
with
me
.
As
soon
as
we
came
into
Wiltshire
we
were
earnestly
solicited
to
go
to
the
Relief
of
Major
Wansey
,
who
was
besieged
by
the
Enemy
in
Woodhouse
,
formerly
purchased
of
my
Father
by
Mr.
Arundet
,
Brother
to
the
Lord
Arundel
of
Warder
.
Upon
our
Approach
we
understanding
that
their
Forces
were
drawn
off
,
staid
a
day
or
two
at
the
Devizes
;
where
notice
being
brought
to
us
of
the
Enemies
Return
before
that
Place
,
we
immediately
advanced
,
and
came
that
Night
to
Warmister
,
from
whence
we
sent
a
Party
of
about
forty
Horse
,
with
order
to
bring
us
certain
Intelligence
of
the
Enemies
Condition
:
This
Party
meeting
upon
Warmister-heath
with
about
the
like
Number
of
theirs
,
fought
them
,
and
having
taken
some
Prisoners
,
returned
to
us
,
with
an
account
,
that
the
Enemy
only
drew
off
from
Woodhouse
to
reinforce
themselves
for
the
better
carrying
on
of
their
Work
;
in
order
to
which
Sir
Ralph
Hopton
with
a
thousand
Horse
was
come
from
Bristol
.
The
next
Morning
a
Party
of
the
Enemies
Horse
faced
us
on
the
Heath
,
thereby
to
provoke
us
to
charge
them
,
and
then
by
retreating
from
us
,
to
have
drawn
us
within
their
Body
of
Horse
,
who
were
marching
on
our
left
amongst
the
Hedges
,
endeavouring
to
get
into
our
Rear
;
which
we
suspecting
,
forbore
making
any
Attempt
upon
them
;
and
about
noon
finding
that
we
were
not
in
a
condition
of
performing
what
we
came
about
,
marched
off
towards
Salisbury
.
We
were
no
sooner
got
upon
the
Downs
,
but
we
discovered
their
Body
of
Horse
marching
into
the
Town
;
yet
we
continued
our
March
,
observing
the
Enemy
as
well
as
we
could
,
to
which
end
I
kept
in
the
Rear
;
and
discovering
them
climbing
the
Hills
not
far
from
us
,
I
informed
Col.
Alexander
Popham
thereof
,
telling
him
,
that
they
appearing
to
be
at
least
four
times
our
Number
,
I
thought
it
not
at
all
advisable
to
engage
them
.
But
he
saying
,
that
since
they
were
so
near
,
we
could
not
in
Honour
avoid
it
,
I
promised
him
that
I
would
not
desert
him
.
Whereupon
he
drew
up
his
Party
into
one
Body
,
which
with
reformed
Officers
and
others
consisted
of
near
a
hundred
;
and
I
drew
up
my
Troop
,
consisting
of
the
like
Number
,
into
another
Body
:
but
having
before
sent
away
my
Sumpter
and
led
Horses
,
upon
suspicion
of
the
Event
,
I
was
obliged
to
ride
after
them
to
take
my
Sute
of
Arms
which
was
with
them
,
having
ordered
my
Men
not
to
stir
from
their
Ground
till
I
came
back
,
in
which
they
were
very
punctual
.
As
I
was
returning
,
I
met
Col.
Popham
and
all
his
Party
flying
,
of
whom
demanding
the
Cause
of
this
Alteration
of
his
Resolution
,
he
answered
,
that
it
was
by
no
means
advisable
to
fight
them
.
I
found
my
Men
standing
their
Ground
,
and
the
Enemy
advancing
towards
them
in
twelve
Bodies
,
each
of
which
seemed
to
be
as
big
as
ours
.
I
thanked
them
for
obeying
my
Orders
,
and
told
them
,
that
if
they
continued
to
do
so
,
I
doubted
not
by
the
Blessing
of
God
to
bring
them
off
.
In
order
to
which
I
sent
my
Standard
before
with
half
a
score
chosen
Horse
,
and
then
began
to
march
off
with
the
rest
;
but
finding
some
of
my
Men
beginning
to
ride
for
it
,
I
put
my self
at
the
head
of
them
,
to
let
them
see
,
that
I
could
ride
as
fast
as
they
;
withal
telling
them
.
that
if
they
would
stand
by
me
,
I
would
bring
up
the
Rear
.
By
this
means
I
got
my
Men
to
keep
close
together
,
which
contribtued
much
to
their
Safety
.
The
greatest
part
of
the
other
Company
followed
Col.
Edward
Popham
to
Salisbury
;
but
his
Brother
Col.
Alexander
,
with
about
six
Horse
,
struck
out
of
the
way
,
and
retired
to
Pool
.
After
we
had
made
about
three
Miles
of
our
way
,
one
of
my
Troopers
fell
from
his
Horse
,
and
the
Beast
running
from
him
,
he
was
in
great
danger
of
being
destroyed
by
the
Enemy
,
who
was
in
pursuit
of
us
;
which
being
willing
to
prevent
,
I
took
him
up
behind
me
,
and
his
Horse
running
along
with
the
Company
,
was
taken
soon
after
on
the
top
of
the
Hill
very
seasonably
;
for
my
Horse
was
by
that
time
so
far
spent
with
the
extraordinary
Weight
,
that
he
could
not
gallop
any
longer
;
but
the
Souldier
mounting
his
own
Horse
,
mine
soon
recovered
his
Wind
and
Strength
again
.
Twice
or
thrice
the
Enemy
came
up
to
us
,
demanding
the
Word
,
and
were
as
often
repulsed
to
their
Body
:
the
last
time
we
shot
one
of
their
Officers
,
which
made
them
more
cautious
of
approaching
us
.
Many
of
our
Horses
being
spent
,
I
commanded
the
Souldiers
to
quit
them
,
and
to
run
them
through
,
that
they
might
not
fall
into
the
hands
of
the
Enemy
,
advising
the
Men
to
shift
for
themselves
,
either
amongst
the
Corn
,
or
in
the
Villages
through
which
we
passed
,
whereby
most
of
them
secured
themselves
;
but
some
were
taken
by
the
Enemy
,
and
killed
in
cold
Blood
by
one
of
their
Officers
after
Quarter
given
,
and
their
Lives
promised
to
them
.
At
last
I
came
to
Salisbury
with
about
thirty
Horse
,
where
divers
Persons
disaffected
to
the
Parliament
made
a
great
shout
at
our
coming
into
the
Town
,
reioicing
at
our
Defeat
,
which
they
had
heard
of
by
some
of
our
Company
,
who
had
passed
through
the
Town
about
an
hour
before
.
From
thence
I
continued
my
way
to
a
place
called
Mutton-bridg
,
on
one
side
of
which
there
is
a
Causway
about
three
foot
broad
,
where
I
made
a
halt
;
and
ordering
my
Party
to
continue
their
Retreat
towards
Southampton
,
I
kept
some
of
those
who
were
the
best
mounted
with
me
,
and
made
good
that
Pass
for
some
time
against
the
Enemy
,
who
tho
they
followed
us
as
far
as
White
Parish
,
twenty
Miles
from
the
place
where
they
first
began
their
pursuit
,
they
took
no
more
of
our
Men
after
this
Halt
which
we
put
them
to
;
so
that
with
the
rest
I
arrived
safe
at
Southampton
.
Two
days
after
my
coming
to
Southampton
Col.
Norton
received
Advice
,
that
the
Enemy
was
preparing
to
send
some
Forces
,
in
order
to
beat
off
those
of
ours
that
blocked
up
Basing-house
.
He
being
then
before
Winchester
,
and
resolving
to
march
with
his
Troop
to
reinforce
the
Besiegers
,
desired
me
with
my
Troop
to
supply
his
place
at
Winchester
till
his
Return
.
Being
unwilling
to
refuse
any
publick
Service
,
tho
my
Men
were
already
very
much
harassed
,
I
marched
thither
;
and
that
those
in
the
Castle
might
see
they
were
not
at
liberty
to
ravage
the
Country
,
I
drew
out
my
Troop
and
faced
them
:
upon
which
they
sent
out
what
Horse
they
had
to
skirmish
with
us
;
amongst
whom
observing
one
Mr.
William
Neale
,
who
was
of
my
Acquaintance
,
and
formerly
my
School-fellow
,
I
called
to
him
,
telling
him
,
that
I
was
sorry
to
see
him
there
;
but
since
it
was
so
,
I
offered
to
exchange
a
shot
with
him
,
and
riding
up
to
that
purpose
,
he
retreated
towards
his
Party
,
where
making
a
stand
,
he
called
to
me
to
come
on
,
which
I
did
;
but
he
retreated
again
till
he
came
within
the
shelter
of
their
Foot
,
and
one
with
him
dismounting
,
fired
a
Musquet
at
me
loaded
with
a
brace
of
Bullets
,
of
which
one
went
into
the
Belly
of
my
Horse
,
the
other
struck
upon
my
Breast-plate
,
within
half
an
Inch
of
the
bottom
of
it
:
my
Horse
carried
me
off
,
but
died
that
Night
.
The
Necessities
of
my
Men
being
great
,
and
this
Service
not
immediately
belonging
to
me
,
I
thought
it
my
Duty
to
return
into
Wiltshire
,
where
I
might
expect
to
be
better
supplied
than
in
Hampshire
,
to
which
County
I
had
no
relation
:
therefore
sending
to
Col.
Norton
to
make
provision
for
the
Service
at
Winchester
,
I
marched
with
fourscore
Horse
to
Salisbury
;
which
Town
having
triumphed
upon
our
Defeat
,
I
thought
most
proper
to
supply
us
with
what
we
wanted
:
And
to
that
end
having
procured
a
List
of
the
disaffected
in
the
Town
,
I
required
them
,
without
delay
,
to
collect
amongst
themselves
five
hundred
Pounds
for
the
recruiting
and
paying
of
my
Troop
,
who
had
not
received
any
Pay
since
they
came
out
.
The
Town
made
many
Excuses
,
and
at
last
prevailed
with
me
to
take
two
hundred
Pounds
,
with
which
I
paid
and
recruited
my
Troop
;
and
having
disposed
them
in
the
best
manner
I
could
for
the
Service
of
the
Country
,
I
went
to
London
to
compleat
my
Regiment
,
and
to
furnish
it
with
Arms
,
and
all
such
things
as
were
necessary
.
In
the
mean
time
Sir
Francis
Doddington
had
caused
the
two
Men
that
he
had
taken
at
Warder
to
be
hanged
,
upon
pretence
that
they
ran
away
from
him
;
and
having
brought
some
Pieces
of
Cannon
before
Woodhouse
,
made
a
Breach
so
considerable
in
the
Wall
,
that
the
Besieged
were
necessitated
to
surrender
at
Mercy
,
but
they
found
very
little
,
for
they
were
presently
stripp'd
of
all
that
was
good
about
them
:
and
Sir
Francis
Doddington
being
informed
by
one
Bacon
,
who
was
Parson
of
the
Parish
,
that
one
of
the
Prisoners
had
threatned
to
stick
in
his
skirts
,
as
he
call'd
it
,
for
reading
the
Common-Prayer
,
struck
the
Man
so
many
Blows
upon
the
Head
,
and
with
such
Force
,
that
he
broke
his
Skull
,
and
caused
him
to
fall
into
a
Swound
;
from
which
he
was
no
sooner
recovered
,
but
he
was
picked
out
to
be
one
of
the
twelve
which
Sir
Francis
had
granted
to
Sir
William
St.
Leger
to
be
hanged
,
in
lieu
of
six
Irish
Rebels
who
had
been
executed
at
Warum
by
Col.
Sydenham
,
in
pursuance
of
an
Order
from
the
Parliament
to
give
them
no
Quarter
.
These
twelve
being
most
of
them
Clothiers
,
were
hanged
upon
the
same
Tree
;
but
one
of
them
breaking
his
Halter
,
desired
that
what
he
had
suffered
might
be
accepted
,
or
else
that
he
might
fight
against
any
two
for
his
Life
;
notwithstanding
which
they
caused
him
to
be
hanged
up
again
,
and
had
proceeded
much
farther
,
had
not
Sir
Ralph
Hopton
sent
Orders
to
put
a
stop
to
their
Butcheries
.
The
King
having
ranged
about
for
some
time
,
thought
fit
to
return
towards
Oxford
;
and
being
joined
by
some
Foot
from
thence
,
skirmished
with
Sir
William
Waller's
Army
at
Cropredy-bridg
,
wherein
little
hurt
being
done
on
either
side
,
the
King
marched
into
the
West
,
in
order
to
a
conjunction
with
his
Forces
in
those
Parts
,
commanded
by
Prince
Maurice
.
When
I
first
took
Arms
under
the
Parliament
in
Defence
of
the
Rights
and
Liberties
of
my
Country
,
I
did
not
think
that
a
Work
so
good
and
so
necessary
would
have
been
attended
with
so
great
Difficulties
:
but
finding
by
Experience
the
strong
Combination
of
Interests
at
home
and
abroad
against
them
,
the
close
Conjunction
of
the
Popish
and
Prelatical
Parties
in
opposition
to
them
;
what
vast
Numbers
depended
upon
the
King
for
Preferments
or
Subsistence
;
how
many
of
the
Nobility
and
Gentry
were
contented
to
serve
his
Arbitrary
Designs
,
if
they
might
have
leave
to
insult
over
such
as
were
of
a
lower
Order
;
and
adding
to
all
this
the
great
Corruption
of
the
Nation
,
I
became
convinced
of
my
former
Error
,
and
began
now
more
to
wonder
that
they
found
so
many
Friends
to
assist
them
in
their
just
and
lawful
Undertaking
,
than
I
had
done
before
at
the
Opposition
they
met
with
.
In
these
Thoughts
I
was
every
day
more
confirmed
by
observing
the
strange
Divisions
amongst
our
own
Party
,
every
one
striving
to
enlarge
his
own
Power
in
a
factious
and
ambitious
way
,
not
caring
tho
thereby
they
obstructed
and
ruined
the
Cause
it self
.
Of
this
I
had
some
Experience
in
my
own
Particular
,
as
well
as
others
of
a
much
greater
Figure
than
my self
:
for
tho
my
Country-men
had
in
my
Absence
prevailed
with
the
Parliament
to
make
me
Sheriff
of
the
County
of
Wilts
,
and
engaged
themselves
to
raise
a
Regiment
for
me
;
yet
because
I
refused
to
deliver
up
my
former
Commission
received
from
Sir
William
Waller
,
and
to
take
a
new
one
from
the
Earl
of
Essex
,
tho
that
I
had
from
Sir
William
obliged
me
to
obey
the
said
Earl
as
much
as
one
given
me
immediately
from
himself
,
those
of
my
Country-men
who
were
of
the
Faction
of
the
Earl
of
Essex
,
obstructed
me
in
the
raising
of
my
Regiment
,
keeping
from
me
those
Arms
that
were
bought
to
that
end
,
countenancing
my
Major
,
for
whom
I
had
procured
that
Employment
,
against
me
,
and
detaining
our
Pay
from
us
;
so
that
I
and
my
Men
had
nothing
to
keep
us
faithful
to
the
Cause
but
our
Affection
to
it
.
Yet
were
we
not
wanting
to
improve
every
Opportunity
in
the
best
manner
we
could
,
to
the
Service
of
the
Country
;
for
having
notice
that
a
Garison
was
put
into
the
Lord
Sturton's
House
,
and
another
into
that
of
Sir
Ralph
Hopton
at
Witham
,
I
marched
in
the
Night
first
to
Sturton-house
,
which
was
defended
against
us
,
till
each
of
us
carrying
a
Fagot
to
one
of
the
Gates
,
wherewith
we
set
them
on
fire
,
together
with
one
of
the
Rooms
of
the
Castle
,
those
that
kept
it
slipped
out
at
a
back-door
through
the
Garden
into
the
Park
,
which
they
did
undiscovered
,
by
reason
of
the
Darkness
of
the
Night
.
Having
rendred
that
Place
untenable
,
we
hastned
to
Witham
,
where
we
found
in
the
Park
near
a
hundred
Cattle
belonging
to
Sir
Ralph
Hopton
,
which
served
for
the
Paiment
of
my
Souldiers
:
Those
who
were
within
desired
to
treat
,
and
demanded
liberty
to
return
home
;
which
was
granted
,
upon
condition
to
deliver
up
their
Arms
,
and
to
engage
to
keep
no
Garison
in
that
Place
for
the
time
to
come
.
Being
upon
my
Return
,
I
took
with
me
my
Hangings
,
Pictures
,
best
Beds
,
and
other
things
,
which
my
Father's
Servants
had
so
well
conceal'd
at
the
first
breaking
out
of
the
War
in
a
private
part
of
my
House
,
that
they
escaped
the
Search
of
the
Enemy
,
who
had
plundered
all
they
could
find
,
broken
all
the
Windows
,
taken
away
the
Leads
,
and
pulled
up
the
Boards
in
most
parts
of
the
House
.
Whilst
I
was
at
London
,
that
Party
which
I
left
in
the
Country
had
taken
some
Wool
and
other
things
from
the
Lord
Cottington
,
the
Lord
Arundel
,
and
others
,
which
they
sold
,
and
divided
the
Money
amongst
themselves
.
From
the
Lord
Cottington's
they
brought
,
amongst
other
things
,
a
Horse
that
had
been
taken
from
me
before
at
Warder-Castle
.
The
Lord
Fairfax
,
the
Earl
of
Manchester
,
and
the
Scots
,
besieged
York
,
of
which
the
Earl
of
Newcastle
was
Governour
,
having
with
him
a
Garison
consisting
of
six
or
seven
thousand
Foot
,
besides
Horse
.
After
some
time
spent
in
the
Siege
,
Prince
Rupert
arrived
with
about
eighteen
thousand
Men
,
and
caused
the
Besiegers
to
raise
the
Siege
,
who
joining
their
Forces
,
resolved
to
observe
his
Motions
,
and
to
fight
him
if
they
found
an
occasion
;
but
that
they
might
be
a
little
refreshed
and
furnished
with
Provisions
,
which
they
wanted
,
they
marched
towards
Tadcaster
.
If
Prince
Rupert
,
who
had
acquired
Honour
enough
by
the
Relief
of
York
in
the
view
of
three
Generals
,
could
have
contented
himself
with
it
,
and
retreated
,
as
he
might
have
done
,
without
fighting
,
the
Reputation
he
had
gained
would
have
caused
his
Army
to
increase
like
the
rolling
of
a
Snowball
;
but
he
thinking
this
nothing
unless
he
might
have
all
,
forced
his
Enemies
to
a
Battel
against
the
Advice
of
many
of
those
that
were
with
him
;
in
which
the
Lest
Wing
of
the
Enemy
charging
the
Right
Wing
of
ours
,
consisting
of
English
and
Scots
,
so
totally
routed
them
,
that
the
three
Generals
of
the
Parliament
quitted
the
Field
,
and
fled
towards
Cawood
Castle
:
The
Left
Wing
of
our
Army
commanded
by
Col.
Cromwell
,
knowing
nothing
of
this
Rout
,
engaged
the
Right
Wing
of
the
Enemy
commanded
by
Prince
Rupert
,
who
had
gained
an
advantageous
piece
of
Ground
upon
Marston-Moor
,
and
caused
a
Battery
to
be
erected
upon
it
,
from
which
Capt.
Walton
,
Cromwell's
Sister's
Son
,
was
wounded
by
a
shot
in
the
Knee
.
Whereupon
Col.
Cromwell
commanded
two
Field-pieces
to
be
brought
in
order
to
annoy
the
Enemy
,
appointing
two
Regiments
of
Foot
to
guard
them
;
who
marching
to
that
purpose
,
were
attacked
by
the
Foot
of
the
Enemies
right
Wing
,
that
fired
thick
upon
them
from
the
Ditches
.
Upon
this
both
Parties
seconding
their
Foot
,
were
wholly
engaged
,
who
before
had
stood
only
facing
each
other
.
The
Horse
on
both
sides
behaved
themselves
with
the
utmost
Bravery
;
for
having
discharged
their
Pistols
,
and
flung
them
at
each
others
Heads
,
they
sell
to
it
with
their
Swords
.
The
King's
Party
were
encouraged
in
this
Encounter
,
by
seeing
the
Success
of
their
Left
Wing
;
and
the
Parliament's
Forces
that
remained
in
the
Field
were
not
discouraged
,
because
they
knew
it
not
,
both
sides
eagerly
contending
for
Victory
;
which
,
after
an
obstinate
Dispute
,
was
obtained
by
Cromwell's
Brigade
,
the
Enemies
Right
Wing
being
totally
routed
and
flying
,
as
the
Parliament's
had
done
before
,
our
Horse
pursuing
and
killing
many
of
them
in
their
Flight
.
And
now
the
Enemies
Left
Wing
,
who
had
been
Conquerors
,
returned
to
their
former
Ground
,
presuming
upon
an
entire
Victory
,
and
utterly
ignorant
of
what
had
befallen
Prince
Rupert
;
but
before
they
could
put
themselves
into
any
order
,
they
were
charged
and
entirely
defeated
by
the
Reserves
of
Cromwell's
Brigade
.
Prince
Rupert
,
upon
the
routing
of
the
Parliament's
Right
Wing
,
concluding
all
to
be
his
own
,
had
sent
Letters
to
the
King
,
to
acquaint
him
with
the
Victory
,
upon
which
the
Bells
were
rung
,
and
Bonfires
made
at
Oxford
.
Sir
Charles
Lucas
,
Major
General
Porter
,
Major
General
Tilyard
,
with
above
a
hundred
Officers
more
,
were
taken
Prisoners
by
the
Parliament's
Forces
:
All
the
Enemies
Artillery
,
great
Numbers
of
Arms
,
and
a
good
quantity
of
Ammunition
and
Baggage
fell
also
into
their
hands
.
The
Prince's
own
Standard
,
with
the
Arms
of
the
Palatinate
,
was
likewise
taken
,
with
many
others
both
of
Horse
and
Foot
.
Fifteen
days
after
this
Fight
,
being
the
16
th
of
July
,
1644.
the
City
of
York
was
surrendred
to
the
Parliament's
Forces
upon
Articles
;
and
the
Earl
of
Newcastle
having
had
some
Dispute
with
Prince
Rupert
before
the
Engagement
,
wherein
some
Words
had
passed
which
the
Earl
could
not
well
digest
,
soon
after
left
England
,
and
the
Prince
retired
to
Bristol
.
The
Earl
of
Essex
was
marched
with
his
Army
into
Cornwall
;
yet
to
what
publick
end
I
could
never
understand
,
for
the
Enemy
there
had
already
dispersed
themselves
.
Some
said
that
he
was
perswaded
to
march
thither
by
the
Lord
Roberts
,
to
give
him
an
opportunity
to
collect
his
Rents
in
those
Parts
.
Upon
this
the
King
drew
out
what
Forces
he
could
from
Oxford
,
designing
to
join
them
with
some
others
in
the
West
;
by
which
Conjunction
the
Parliament
apprehending
their
Army
under
Essex
to
be
in
danger
,
ordered
Sir
William
Waller
to
observe
the
King's
Motions
:
But
whether
the
Neglect
of
relieving
him
at
the
Devizes
,
or
the
Affront
put
upon
him
,
by
commanding
him
to
follow
the
King
after
he
had
been
ordered
to
attend
the
Service
of
the
West
,
or
what
else
it
was
that
had
sower'd
him
,
I
cannot
say
;
yet
visible
it
was
,
that
so
much
Care
and
Expedition
was
not
used
in
attending
the
King
in
his
Marches
as
was
requisite
.
However
Lieutenant
General
Middleton
,
then
under
Sir
William
Waller
,
was
sent
with
a
Party
of
Horse
to
the
Assistance
of
the
Earl
of
Essex
;
but
he
kept
at
such
a
distance
from
him
,
that
he
afforded
him
little
Help
.
Neither
was
there
that
Diligence
as
should
have
been
then
used
by
the
Earl
of
Essex
himself
,
to
engage
the
King
before
his
Conjunction
with
the
Western
Forces
,
or
to
fight
them
when
they
were
united
,
they
not
much
,
if
at
all
,
exceeding
ours
in
Number
,
and
in
Courage
and
Affection
to
the
Cause
engaged
in
much
inferiour
.
But
the
Earl
of
Essex
and
the
Lord
Roberts
having
led
the
Army
into
a
Corner
of
Cornwall
,
betook
themselves
to
the
Ships
with
which
the
Earl
of
Warwick
attended
the
Motion
of
the
Army
.
Being
thus
deserted
,
the
Horse
broke
through
the
Enemy
under
the
Conduct
of
Sir
William
Balfour
,
the
Foot
and
Train
of
Artillery
being
left
with
Major
General
Skippon
about
Bodmin
,
who
was
forced
,
about
the
latter
end
of
September
,
1644.
to
make
the
best
Terms
he
could
with
the
Enemy
for
them
,
agreeing
to
leave
their
Arms
and
Cannon
behind
them
,
and
to
be
conducted
into
the
Parliament's
Quarters
,
with
whatsoever
belonged
to
them
;
but
before
the
Convoy
had
done
with
them
,
they
lost
most
of
their
Clothes
,
and
in
that
condition
arrived
at
Portsmouth
,
where
they
found
their
General
the
Earl
of
Essex
.
The
Parliament
soon
caused
them
to
be
armed
and
clothed
again
;
and
the
Horse
having
forced
their
way
,
as
before
mentioned
,
the
Army
was
speedily
recruited
,
scarce
a
Man
having
taken
Arms
on
the
other
side
.
The
Earl
of
Manchester
and
Sir
William
Waller
were
ordered
with
their
Forces
to
draw
Westward
of
London
,
as
well
to
favour
the
Earl
of
Essex
upon
occasion
,
as
to
put
a
stop
to
the
Enemies
Approach
,
if
he
should
attempt
it
.
The
King
marched
,
as
was
expected
,
in
great
Triumph
out
of
the
West
,
Sir
William
Waller
lying
about
Basingstoke
;
from
whom
I
received
a
Letter
,
inviting
me
to
come
to
their
Assistance
:
in
order
to
which
I
began
my
March
with
some
Horse
and
Dragoons
raised
by
Major
Wansey
,
who
had
been
commanded
by
the
Earl
of
Essex
to
continue
with
me
;
and
on
the
way
received
an
Order
from
the
Committee
of
both
Kingdoms
,
to
advance
towards
them
with
what
Force
I
had
.
We
were
very
well
received
by
them
,
having
with
us
about
five
hundred
Horse
,
and
particularly
because
they
had
been
under
some
apprehensions
that
the
Enemy
had
intercepted
us
,
who
were
indeed
posted
on
our
way
;
yet
we
passed
by
them
in
the
Night
without
disturbance
,
and
came
safely
to
our
Friends
.
Within
a
day
or
two
our
Army
advanced
towards
Newbury
,
of
which
Place
the
Enemies
had
possessed
themselves
.
The
Earl
of
Essex
being
indisposed
,
could
not
attend
that
Service
,
and
therefore
the
Committee
of
both
Kingdoms
sent
some
Members
of
their
own
to
take
care
that
all
possible
Advantages
might
be
taken
against
the
Enemy
,
and
to
prevent
any
Contention
amongst
our
Friends
concerning
the
Command
,
or
any
other
Matters
.
The
River
that
ran
through
the
Town
defended
the
Enemy
on
the
South-side
of
it
,
so
that
we
could
not
come
at
them
:
And
on
the
North-west
part
of
it
,
within
Cannon-shot
,
lay
Dennington-Castle
,
in
which
they
had
placed
a
Garison
;
so
that
we
had
no
other
way
to
the
Town
,
but
on
the
North-East
of
it
,
where
they
had
raised
a
Breast-work
,
and
furnished
some
Houses
that
were
without
it
with
Foot
,
the
Ground
between
that
and
the
River
being
marshy
,
full
of
Ditches
,
and
not
passable
.
On
the
North-side
of
this
High-way
was
a
strong
Stone
House
belonging
to
one
Mr.
Doleman
,
having
a
Rampart
of
Earth
about
it
,
which
was
also
possessed
by
the
Enemy
;
so
that
little
could
be
done
upon
them
the
first
day
,
save
skirmishing
in
small
Parties
,
as
they
thought
fit
to
come
out
to
us
.
On
our
side
we
had
the
Advantage
of
a
Hill
,
which
served
in
some
measure
to
cover
our
Men
:
Here
we
planted
some
of
our
Field-pieces
,
and
fired
upon
the
Enemy
,
who
answered
us
in
the
like
manner
from
the
Town
.
In
the
Afternoon
they
drew
two
of
their
Guns
to
the
other
side
of
the
River
,
and
with
them
fired
upon
that
part
of
ours
that
lay
on
the
side
of
the
Hill
,
who
were
much
exposed
to
that
place
where
their
Guns
were
planted
:
My
Regiment
being
that
day
on
the
Guard
,
received
the
greatest
Damage
;
amongst
others
my
Cousin
Gabriel
Ludlow
,
who
was
a
Cornet
therein
,
and
who
had
behaved
himself
so
well
in
the
Defence
of
Warder-Castle
,
was
killed
:
He
died
not
immediately
after
he
was
shot
;
so
that
having
caused
him
to
be
removed
out
of
the
reach
of
their
Guns
,
and
procured
a
Chirurgeon
to
search
his
Wounds
,
he
found
his
Belly
broken
,
and
Bowels
torn
,
his
Hip-bone
broken
all
to
shivers
,
and
the
Bullet
lodged
in
it
;
notwithstanding
which
he
recovered
some
Sense
,
tho
the
Chirurgeon
refused
to
dress
him
,
looking
on
him
as
a
dead
Man
.
This
Accident
troubled
me
exceedingly
,
he
being
one
who
had
expressed
great
Affection
to
me
,
and
of
whom
I
had
great
hopes
that
he
would
be
useful
to
the
Publick
.
In
this
condition
he
desired
me
to
kiss
him
,
and
I
not
presently
doing
it
,
thinking
he
had
talked
lightly
,
he
pressed
me
again
to
do
him
that
favour
;
whereby
observing
him
to
be
sensible
,
I
kissed
him
;
and
soon
after
having
recommended
his
Mother
,
Brothers
and
Sisters
to
my
Care
,
he
died
.
Our
Enemies
having
secured
themselves
,
as
I
mentioned
before
,
we
were
necessitated
to
divide
our
Army
,
in
order
to
attack
them
on
the
North-west
side
of
the
Town
by
DenningtonCassle
;
where
most
of
our
Foot
who
engaged
the
Enemy
were
of
those
who
had
been
lately
stripp'd
by
them
in
Cornwall
:
Which
Usage
being
fresh
in
their
Memory
,
caused
them
to
charge
with
such
Vigour
,
that
some
of
them
ran
up
to
their
Cannon
,
and
clapped
their
Hats
upon
the
Touch-holes
of
them
,
falling
so
furioully
upon
the
Enemy
,
that
they
were
not
able
to
stand
before
them
,
but
were
forced
to
quit
their
Ground
,
and
run
under
the
shelter
of
Dennington-Castle
,
leaving
behind
them
several
Pieces
of
Cannon
,
besides
many
of
their
Men
killed
and
taken
Prisoners
.
Those
on
our
side
commanded
by
the
Earl
of
Manchester
observing
the
Enemy
to
retreat
in
that
disorderly
manner
on
the
other
side
,
thought
it
their
Duty
to
endeavour
to
force
their
Passage
on
this
;
and
to
that
end
our
Horse
and
Foot
,
with
some
Cannon
,
were
drawn
into
a
bottom
,
between
Doleman's
House
and
the
Hill
,
where
our
Guns
were
first
planted
:
Those
at
the
little
Houses
,
and
at
the
Breast-work
,
fired
thick
upon
us
;
but
our
Foot
ran
up
to
the
Houses
,
and
attacked
the
Enemy
so
vigorously
,
that
they
were
forced
to
retire
to
their
Breast-work
;
between
which
and
Doleman's
House
our
Men
continued
firing
about
an
hour
and
half
.
But
finding
many
to
fall
,
and
that
there
was
no
probability
of
doing
any
good
,
they
retreated
,
leaving
two
Drakes
behind
them
.
Our
Horse
had
stood
drawn
up
within
a
little
more
than
Pistol-shot
of
the
Enemies
Works
all
the
while
our
Foot
were
engaged
,
for
their
Encouragement
and
Protection
against
any
Horse
that
should
attack
them
,
as
also
to
second
them
in
case
they
had
made
way
.
I
had
divers
Men
and
Horse
shot
,
and
amongst
the
rest
my
own
.
The
Night
coming
on
separated
us
,
when
drawing
off
I
perceived
that
my
Major
had
secured
his
Troop
in
the
Rear
of
all
,
having
taken
care
that
all
the
Regiment
might
not
be
lost
in
one
Engagement
.
In
the
Night
the
Enemies
removed
their
Cannon
and
other
Carriages
to
Dennington-Castle
,
where
having
lodged
them
,
they
marched
between
our
two
Parties
towards
Oxford
.
The
next
Morning
we
drew
together
,
and
followed
the
Enemy
with
our
Horse
,
which
was
the
greatest
Body
that
I
saw
together
during
the
whole
Course
of
the
War
,
amounting
to
at
least
seven
thousand
Horse
and
Dragoons
;
but
they
had
got
so
much
Ground
of
us
,
that
we
could
never
recover
sight
of
them
,
and
did
not
expect
to
see
them
any
more
in
a
Body
that
Year
:
neither
had
we
,
as
I
suppose
,
if
Encouragement
had
not
been
given
them
privately
by
some
of
our
own
Party
.
Col.
Norton's
Regiment
of
Horse
,
with
some
Foot
,
being
left
to
block
up
Basinghouse
,
he
desired
to
have
more
Force
assigned
him
for
the
more
effectual
carrying
on
that
Work
,
and
particularly
my
Regiment
of
Horse
.
I
was
not
ignorant
of
the
Hardship
of
that
Service
,
it
not
being
properly
my
Work
,
who
was
raised
by
and
for
the
County
of
Wilts
;
yet
having
received
an
Order
to
that
purpose
from
the
General
,
and
sent
my
Major
with
part
of
the
Regiment
into
Wiltshire
for
the
Defence
of
that
County
,
I
resolved
to
obey
,
especially
considering
that
the
Entercourse
between
London
and
the
West
was
much
interrupted
by
that
Carison
.
The
Enemy
,
contrary
to
all
expectation
,
appeared
again
in
a
Body
near
Newbury
,
where
our
Army
lay
,
who
drew
out
to
oppose
them
.
Some
small
Skirmishes
happened
between
them
,
but
a
general
Engagement
was
opposed
in
a
Council
of
War
by
some
of
the
greatest
amongst
us
.
Whereupon
the
King
,
in
the
face
of
our
Army
,
twice
as
numerous
as
his
,
had
time
to
send
his
Artillery
from
Dennington-Castle
towards
Oxford
,
without
any
opposition
,
to
the
Astonishment
of
all
those
who
wished
well
to
the
Publick
.
But
by
this
time
it
was
clearly
manifest
that
the
Nobility
had
no
further
Quarrel
with
the
King
,
than
till
they
could
make
their
Terms
with
him
,
having
,
for
the
most
part
,
grounded
their
Dissatisfactions
upon
some
particular
Affront
,
or
the
prevalency
of
a
Faction
about
him
.
But
tho
it
should
be
granted
,
that
their
Intentions
in
taking
Arms
were
to
oblige
the
King
to
consent
to
redress
the
Grievances
of
the
Nation
;
yet
if
a
War
of
this
nature
must
be
determined
by
Treaty
,
and
the
King
left
in
the
Exercise
of
the
Royal
Authority
after
the
utmost
violation
of
the
Laws
,
and
the
greatest
Calamities
brought
upon
the
People
,
it
doth
not
appear
to
me
what
Security
can
be
given
them
for
the
future
Enjoyment
of
their
Rights
and
Privileges
;
nor
with
what
Prudence
wise
men
can
engage
with
the
Parliament
,
who
being
,
by
Practice
at
least
,
liable
to
be
dissolved
at
pleasure
,
are
thereby
rendred
unable
to
protect
themselves
,
or
such
as
take
up
Arms
under
their
Authority
,
if
after
infinite
Hardships
and
Hazards
of
their
Lives
and
Estates
,
they
must
fall
under
the
Power
of
a
provoked
Enemy
,
who
being
once
re-established
in
his
former
Authority
,
will
never
want
means
to
revenge
himself
upon
all
those
who
,
in
Desence
of
the
Rights
and
Liberties
of
the
Nation
,
adventure
to
resist
him
in
his
illegal
and
arbitrary
Proceedings
.
In
the
Council
of
War
before-mentioned
,
things
were
managed
with
such
heat
as
created
great
Differences
between
the
principal
Officers
of
the
Army
,
by
which
this
favourable
Conjuncture
was
lost
;
and
the
Season
being
far
advanced
,
the
Army
was
dispersed
into
Winter-quarters
.
The
Blockade
of
Basinghouse
was
also
ordered
to
be
broken
up
,
after
which
I
returned
with
those
under
my
Command
into
the
County
of
Wilts.
In
the
Winter
the
Parliament
caused
Abingdon
to
be
fortified
,
of
which
Place
Col.
Brown
was
Governour
,
who
holding
Correspondence
with
the
Lord
Digby
,
then
Secretary
to
the
King
,
promised
him
that
so
soon
as
he
had
finished
the
Fortifications
,
and
received
all
things
necessary
from
the
Parliament
to
defend
it
,
he
would
deliver
it
to
the
King
;
by
which
means
he
kept
the
King's
Forces
from
interrupting
him
till
he
had
perfected
the
Work
.
But
then
,
as
is
probable
by
his
Carriage
since
,
observing
the
Affairs
of
the
Parliament
in
a
better
posture
than
those
of
the
King
,
he
altered
his
Resolution
,
and
in
desiance
of
the
Lord
Digby
,
published
the
Correspondence
that
had
been
between
them
about
that
matter
.
The
Dissatisfaction
that
arose
upon
the
permission
given
the
King
to
carry
off
his
Artillery
,
rested
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
all
the
House
of
Commons
was
made
acquainted
with
it
by
Col.
Cromwell
,
who
commanded
under
the
Earl
of
Manchester
,
whom
he
charged
with
the
breach
of
his
Trust
;
but
he
and
his
Friends
endeavoured
to
lay
the
blame
on
others
,
the
Earl
of
Essex
and
his
Party
adhering
to
the
Earl
of
Manchester
.
Whilst
I
was
before
Basing
,
some
of
the
Enemies
under
the
Conduct
of
Col.
Coke
came
to
Salisbury
,
and
were
sortifying
the
Close
for
the
King
;
of
which
Major
Wansey
having
advice
,
marched
thither
with
the
Forces
which
I
had
sent
into
Wiltshire
,
and
falling
upon
them
,
caused
them
to
retire
in
haste
:
but
finding
the
Gates
fortified
against
him
,
he
set
fire
to
them
,
and
seizing
upon
all
their
Horse
,
took
the
Colonel
and
fourscore
more
Prisoners
,
and
sent
them
to
Southampton
.
At
my
Return
into
Wiltshire
I
received
Orders
from
the
Committee
of
both
Kingdoms
to
send
what
Men
I
could
spare
out
of
my
Regiment
to
reinforce
a
Party
commanded
by
Major
General
Holborn
,
who
was
ordered
to
march
into
the
West
to
the
Relief
of
Col.
Blake
,
besieged
by
the
Enemy
in
Tauntoa
.
I
drew
out
two
hundred
Horse
for
that
Service
,
and
was
necessitated
to
march
with
them
my self
,
my
Major
who
had
got
possession
of
good
Quarters
at
Deane
,
a
House
belonging
to
Sir
John
Evelyn
,
being
not
willing
to
remove
.
Col.
Edward
Popham
,
Col.
Starr
,
Col.
Brewin
,
and
Sir
Anthony
Ashley
,
came
from
London
with
this
Party
.
In
our
March
we
were
joined
by
the
Forces
of
Dorsetshire
.
When
we
were
advanced
near
the
Enemy
,
my
Troop
was
ordered
to
a
Quarter
of
which
they
were
in
possession
,
but
quitted
it
upon
our
Approach
,
as
they
did
also
the
Siege
soon
after
,
contrary
to
our
expectation
.
We
made
use
of
the
Opportunity
,
and
furnished
the
Town
with
Provisions
and
all
things
necessary
;
which
being
done
,
the
Forces
of
Wilts
and
Dorsetshire
marched
back
to
the
said
Counties
.
Being
returned
to
Salisbury
,
I
was
informed
that
the
Enemy
had
put
a
Garison
into
Langford-house
,
two
Miles
from
thence
,
whereupon
I
resolved
to
fortify
the
Belfrey
in
the
Close
,
where
I
might
keep
a
small
Guard
to
secure
it
for
a
Horse-Quarter
,
and
to
that
end
had
summoned
Workmen
to
perform
that
Work
.
At
Night
having
drawn
up
my
Regiment
in
order
to
acquaint
them
with
the
necessity
that
lay
upon
them
to
be
more
than
ordinarily
diligent
in
their
Duty
at
that
juncture
,
as
also
to
divide
their
Watches
between
them
,
and
to
appoint
the
Guard
for
that
Night
,
I
received
an
Alarm
of
the
Enemies
Approach
,
and
that
they
were
advanced
as
far
as
Amesbury
:
Of
which
desiring
to
have
certain
Information
,
I
sent
threescore
Horse
under
the
Command
of
Capt.
Sadler
,
the
only
Captain
of
my
Regiment
then
with
me
,
some
of
them
being
absent
with
leave
,
and
others
without
,
to
advance
towards
the
Enemy
,
till
by
taking
of
Prisoners
,
or
some
other
way
,
he
might
get
some
certain
Intelligence
concerning
them
,
and
then
to
come
back
to
me
.
With
the
rest
of
my
Men
I
marched
slowly
after
him
,
being
unwilling
to
retire
into
our
Quarters
till
I
had
made
a
further
Discovery
concerning
the
Enemy
.
Capt.
Sadler
,
according
to
his
Instructions
,
marched
to
Amesbury
,
and
sent
me
word
from
thence
,
that
he
had
advice
the
Enemy
was
not
far
off
.
I
sent
to
him
to
continue
his
March
,
with
the
same
Orders
as
before
,
my self
with
the
rest
of
the
Regiment
following
;
and
being
come
to
Nether-Haven
,
as
I
think
it
is
called
,
I
received
notice
from
Capt.
Sadler
,
that
he
had
engaged
an
advanced
Party
of
the
Enemy
,
and
could
not
get
off
;
which
unexpected
News
,
and
contrary
to
my
Orders
,
caused
me
to
advance
with
all
Diligence
to
his
Relief
,
who
had
approached
so
near
their
main
Guard
,
as
to
give
them
an
Alarm
to
draw
together
,
and
yet
had
not
pursued
his
Charge
,
which
if
he
had
done
,
he
might
easily
have
dispersed
the
Guard
,
and
prevented
the
rest
from
coming
together
;
but
he
having
only
alarm'd
them
,
stood
looking
upon
them
whilst
they
drew
up
their
Body
,
which
,
when
I
came
up
,
I
perceived
to
be
more
numerous
than
all
ours
:
However
thinking
it
unfit
to
shew
any
Backwardness
at
such
a
time
,
I
advanced
with
that
Party
that
was
with
me
,
which
was
not
above
one
half
,
the
rest
following
as
fast
as
they
could
,
in
order
to
charge
the
Enemies
Body
;
but
they
,
before
we
came
within
Pistol-shot
,
faced
about
and
ran
away
.
Thereupon
I
divided
my
Men
into
two
Parties
,
giving
the
Command
of
one
of
them
to
one
Marshall
,
my
Major's
Lieutenant
,
the
chief
Officer
then
with
me
,
except
Capt.
Sadler
,
with
whose
Conduct
the
Troopers
were
so
far
dissatisfied
,
that
they
refused
to
follow
him
.
The
other
Party
I
headed
my self
,
and
gave
Orders
to
both
not
to
pursue
farther
than
the
Town
,
where
we
agreed
to
rally
,
falling
into
it
by
several
ways
.
My
Party
halted
according
to
Order
,
after
having
killed
and
taken
Prisoners
about
thirty
of
the
Enemy
,
with
several
of
their
Horses
:
But
that
Party
commanded
by
Lieutenant
Marshall
not
observing
his
Orders
,
having
pursued
the
Enemy
at
least
two
Miles
,
met
with
other
Bodies
of
the
Enemies
Horse
drawn
together
upon
the
Alarm
,
who
killed
and
took
some
of
ours
Prisoners
,
the
rest
retreating
in
a
disorderly
manner
.
At
my
Return
to
Salisbury
I
commanded
all
my
Men
to
be
upon
the
Guard
till
the
Morning
,
without
unbridling
or
unsadling
their
Horses
;
after
which
I
disposed
my
Prisoners
into
the
Belfrey
,
and
placed
a
Guard
upon
them
;
and
having
set
our
Sentinels
,
I
received
a
Letter
from
Col.
Norton
,
desiring
me
to
send
some
Horse
to
his
Assistance
against
some
of
the
King's
Forces
,
which
as
I
was
reading
,
one
of
my
Sentinels
brought
me
word
that
the
Enemy
appeared
at
the
Town's-end
.
Whereupon
I
immediately
mounted
with
six
more
,
ordering
the
rest
to
make
ready
;
and
riding
up
by
the
three
Swans
,
heard
a
great
noise
of
Horses
in
the
Street
that
leads
into
the
City
from
Old
Sarum
,
which
caused
me
to
return
to
the
Market-place
,
where
finding
many
of
the
Enemies
Horse
,
I
went
by
the
back-side
of
the
Town-house
through
a
Street
called
the
Ditch
,
to
my
Guard
,
which
was
drawn
up
in
the
Close
,
but
very
short
of
the
Number
I
expected
;
for
some
,
contrary
to
Orders
,
were
gone
to
bed
,
and
others
taking
the
advantage
of
the
Night
had
stoln
away
,
so
that
those
remaining
were
not
much
above
thirty
Horse
.
Of
these
I
sent
ten
under
a
Cornet
to
charge
them
,
my self
following
after
with
the
rest
,
and
ordering
a
Trumpet
to
sound
in
our
Rear
,
as
if
more
were
coming
on
.
Passing
by
the
chief
Cross
,
where
we
were
forced
to
march
one
by
one
,
and
entring
the
Market-place
,
I
found
the
Cornet
pickeering
with
the
Enemy
,
whom
I
with
five
or
six
of
mine
charged
on
the
Left
Flank
,
so
that
they
gave
ground
,
and
thereby
pressed
so
hard
upon
their
own
Men
on
the
Right
,
and
they
on
their
File-leaders
,
that
the
whole
Party
was
soon
routed
,
and
ran
before
us
.
We
followed
them
close
in
the
Rear
,
and
tho
they
made
many
shot
at
me
,
yet
I
received
no
Wound
in
the
whole
Action
.
About
a
hundred
of
them
ran
through
Winchester-Gate
to
their
main
Body
,
and
about
twice
that
Number
fled
up
a
Street
called
Endless-street
,
whom
I
pursuing
,
my
Horse
fell
backwards
with
me
.
by
a
Check
I
gave
him
;
but
my
own
Men
being
in
my
Rear
,
I
soon
recovered
on
Horseback
,
and
continued
the
Pursuit
,
till
I
found
the
Enemy
to
make
a
stand
,
the
Street
,
according
to
its
name
,
being
walled
up
at
the
farther
end
,
and
one
of
them
breaking
back
upon
me
,
and
leaping
the
Brook
,
but
his
Horse
losing
his
Feet
,
threw
him
down
;
and
he
perceiving
himself
to
be
at
my
Mercy
,
desired
his
Life
.
His
Horse
I
gave
to
one
of
my
Men
who
had
been
dismounted
;
and
having
examined
him
,
I
found
that
he
was
a
Lieutenant
Colonel
,
his
name
Middleton
,
and
a
Papist
.
He
assured
me
,
that
there
were
three
hundred
Men
in
that
Party
which
we
had
routed
,
three
hundred
appointed
to
second
them
,
and
three
hundred
more
attending
at
the
Town's-end
as
a
Reserve
,
and
that
the
whole
Body
was
commanded
by
Sir
Marmaduke
Langdale
.
I
acquainted
him
that
my
Party
being
not
so
considerable
,
he
might
probably
be
rescued
,
and
therefore
I
could
not
give
him
Quarter
,
unless
he
would
engage
himself
to
be
a
true
Prisoner
,
which
he
did
,
upon
condition
that
he
might
be
my
Prisoner
,
which
I
promised
him
.
And
now
most
of
my
Men
being
dispersed
,
I
lodged
my
Colours
at
an
honest
Man's
House
of
the
Town
,
delivering
my
Prisoner
and
wounded
Men
to
the
Guard
in
the
Belfrey
,
and
with
five
or
siz
made
my
Retreat
through
the
Close
by
one
Mrs.
Sadler's
,
at
whose
House
I
quartered
,
where
I
found
a
Boy
standing
at
the
door
with
my
Sute
of
Arms
,
which
I
put
on
.
Upon
Harnham-hill
I
found
a
Cornet
with
about
twelve
of
our
Men
,
with
whom
I
resolved
to
return
and
march
after
the
Enemy
;
but
when
we
came
to
the
Belfrey
,
and
were
encouraging
our
little
Guard
to
oppose
the
Enemy
,
we
discovered
three
of
their
Troops
marching
into
the
Close
from
the
North-Gate
,
their
whole
Body
following
them
.
Whereupon
having
commanded
the
Guard
to
fire
upon
them
,
I
charged
the
Enemy
with
as
many
of
my
Party
as
were
willing
to
follow
me
,
exchanging
several
shot
with
them
.
Their
first
Squadron
soon
began
to
give
ground
;
but
my
Guard
not
firing
upon
the
Enemy
according
to
my
Orders
,
and
it
being
now
grown
light
,
they
soon
perceived
the
Smalness
of
our
Number
,
and
refused
to
run
as
before
;
so
that
I
was
forced
to
retire
as
fast
as
I
could
with
my
Men
,
one
of
whom
carried
away
a
Sword
of
the
Enemy
which
was
run
through
his
Arm.
Before
they
came
to
Harnham-bridg
they
overtook
one
of
my
Servants
whose
Name
was
Stent
,
who
after
he
had
long
defended
himself
,
delivered
up
his
Sword
upon
promise
of
Quarter
;
after
which
,
contrary
to
their
Word
,
they
gave
him
several
Cuts
on
the
Head
,
so
that
above
threescore
Splinters
of
Bones
were
afterwards
taken
out
of
his
Scull
.
Being
come
to
the
other
side
of
the
Bridg
,
I
turned
and
faced
the
Enemy
,
with
one
of
my
Pistols
in
my
hand
,
upon
which
they
halted
a
little
,
whereby
my
Men
had
time
to
recover
almost
to
the
top
of
Harnham-hill
.
In
this
posture
I
stood
till
the
Enemies
were
come
within
half
Pistol-shot
of
me
,
and
then
made
my
Retreat
.
Another
of
my
Servants
,
called
Henry
Coles
,
who
entred
into
my
Father's
Service
two
days
after
I
was
born
,
fell
also
into
the
Enemies
hands
,
being
mortally
wounded
,
and
died
two
or
three
days
after
.
My
Groom
also
was
taken
by
them
.
Upon
the
descent
of
the
Hill
beyond
Odstock
I
missed
the
Road
by
reason
of
the
Snow
,
which
lying
upon
the
Ground
,
had
covered
the
beaten
way
,
so
that
I
was
obliged
to
cross
some
plow'd
Lands
to
get
into
it
again
;
which
while
I
was
doing
,
one
of
the
Enemy
came
up
within
shot
of
me
,
and
calling
me
by
my
Name
,
asked
if
I
would
take
Quarter
;
but
as
he
rid
directly
upon
me
,
armed
with
Back
and
Breast
,
I
fired
a
Pistol
at
him
,
and
shot
him
into
the
Belly
;
by
which
Wound
he
fell
from
his
Horse
,
and
was
carried
to
the
next
Town
,
where
he
died
two
days
after
,
as
one
of
my
Troopers
afterwards
told
me
,
who
was
taken
Prisoner
near
the
same
place
.
In
Odstock-lane
another
of
the
Enemies
being
advanced
within
Musquet-shot
of
me
,
called
me
also
by
Name
,
and
desired
me
to
stay
and
take
honourable
Quarter
.
I
hearing
him
give
good
Words
,
thought
he
had
proposed
to
render
himself
to
me
,
and
therefore
stopped
my
Horse
,
that
I
might
hear
him
more
distinctly
;
but
he
instead
of
that
made
ready
his
Carabine
to
fire
at
me
,
which
I
perceiving
,
and
sensible
of
my
Danger
,
by
reason
of
the
Greatness
of
the
Enemies
Number
,
made
the
best
of
my
way
towards
Fording-bridg
,
where
having
rested
a
little
,
and
rallied
a
Party
of
my
Horse
,
I
marched
with
them
to
Southampton
.
At
that
Place
I
endeavoured
to
procure
some
Force
for
the
Relief
of
those
poor
Men
that
were
left
in
the
Belfrey
at
Salisbury
;
which
as
I
was
doing
,
I
received
Advice
,
that
after
a
vigorous
Resistance
for
the
most
part
of
that
day
,
the
Enemies
had
forced
a
Collier
to
drive
his
Cart
,
loaden
with
Charcoal
,
to
the
door
of
the
Belsrey
,
(
where
he
lost
his
Life
)
and
with
it
burnt
down
the
door
,
which
in
a
day's
time
we
should
have
secured
by
a
Breast-work
;
but
for
want
thereof
Lieutenant
Colonel
Read
was
forced
to
yield
the
Place
to
the
Enemy
upon
such
Terms
as
he
could
get
,
which
were
,
to
have
their
Lives
,
and
be
Prisoners
of
War
.
The
Enemy
took
here
,
and
in
the
Town
,
as
also
of
those
who
pursued
them
in
the
Night
,
contrary
to
my
Orders
,
fourscore
Prisoners
;
and
had
taken
more
if
they
had
not
received
a
Check
upon
their
first
Arrival
in
the
Town
by
a
handful
of
Men
:
For
they
had
placed
Guards
at
the
Gates
of
most
of
the
greatest
Inns
in
the
City
;
but
their
Party
flying
,
those
Guards
also
quitted
their
Posts
,
whereby
many
of
our
Men
had
an
opportunity
to
get
off
.
I
was
slightly
wounded
on
the
Breast
with
a
Sword
:
my
Horse
was
hurt
with
a
shot
,
and
died
of
it
soon
after
.
We
had
about
threescore
of
the
Enemy
Prisoners
at
Southampton
,
taken
with
Col.
Coke
;
these
we
exchanged
for
our
Men
,
having
engaged
to
procure
elsewhere
the
Discharge
of
as
many
as
we
wanted
of
the
Number
they
had
of
ours
,
which
I
made
good
to
them
.
The
most
serviceable
of
my
Horse
I
sent
towards
Portsmouth
,
to
take
Advantages
against
the
Enemy
as
there
should
be
occasion
,
remaining
with
the
rest
about
Limington
and
Hurst-Castle
,
resolving
as
soon
as
I
could
to
mount
my
Men
again
.
The
Enemy
hoping
to
surprize
me
in
this
Corner
marched
towards
me
,
but
failed
in
their
Design
.
I
being
gone
into
the
Isle
of
Wight
to
confer
with
our
Friends
there
,
whom
I
found
very
well
disposed
to
the
Publick
Service
;
and
being
informed
that
the
Enemy
designed
to
attempt
the
Garison
of
Christ-Church
,
we
imbarked
some
Men
to
reinforce
them
,
who
being
ready
to
put
to
Sea
,
News
was
brought
that
the
Enemies
were
beaten
off
,
and
so
saved
our
Men
that
trouble
.
The
Lord
Goring
having
left
a
considerable
Force
in
the
County
of
Wilts
,
marched
with
his
Army
into
Somersetshire
,
where
being
joined
by
those
who
had
besieged
Taunton
,
they
sat
down
before
it
again
:
Col.
Massey
was
sent
by
the
Parliament
to
relieve
the
Place
,
but
finding
his
Forces
not
sufficient
to
that
purpose
,
he
durst
not
attempt
it
.
The
Committee
of
both
Kingdoms
ordered
my
Regiment
to
lie
at
Odium
to
prevent
the
Excursions
of
the
Garison
at
Basinghouse
;
but
after
we
had
been
there
a
few
days
,
my
Major
,
who
had
more
Wit
than
Courage
or
Honesty
,
prevailed
with
the
Council
of
Officers
to
vote
our
lying
there
unsafe
and
unadvisable
.
I
being
unwilling
to
stay
contrary
to
their
Advice
,
without
an
especial
Order
,
acquainted
the
Committee
of
both
Kingdoms
with
the
Result
of
the
Council
of
Officers
,
who
approving
their
Reasons
,
sent
me
Orders
to
draw
off
:
In
obedience
to
which
I
marched
into
Surrey
,
and
the
first
Night
arrived
at
a
place
called
,
as
I
think
,
Godliman
near
Guilford
.
Sir
John
Evelyn
endeavoured
to
perswade
me
to
join
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
,
who
was
ordered
into
the
West
;
but
being
engaged
to
attend
our
Committee
about
the
recruiting
of
my
Regiment
,
I
was
not
willing
to
stir
till
that
Business
was
effected
,
that
I
might
not
leave
so
many
honest
Men
who
had
lost
their
Horses
in
the
Service
,
before
I
had
procured
some
provision
to
be
made
for
them
.
The
Disputes
in
the
mean
time
continued
in
the
two
Houses
concerning
the
Conduct
of
the
Army
;
and
tho
what
was
objected
touching
the
late
Miscarriages
at
the
Fight
of
Newbury
,
and
elsewhere
,
amounted
not
to
a
formal
Charge
,
yet
it
so
far
prevailed
with
the
House
of
Commons
,
as
to
convince
them
of
the
necessity
of
making
an
Alteration
in
the
Conduct
of
the
Army
,
in
order
to
bring
the
War
to
a
conclusion
;
which
Resolution
was
taken
by
the
House
upon
a
Report
made
to
them
by
Mr.
Zouch
Tate
,
Chairman
of
the
Committee
appointed
for
the
reforming
of
the
Army
,
wherein
he
represented
that
they
had
been
endeavouring
to
obey
their
Orders
,
but
found
the
Condition
of
the
Army
as
the
Physician
did
the
Blood
of
his
Patient
,
that
consulted
him
about
the
Cure
of
a
slight
Tumour
,
when
the
whole
Mass
of
his
Blood
was
entirely
corrupted
;
that
therefore
the
Committee
had
ordered
him
to
acquaint
the
House
,
That
the
whole
Body
of
their
Army
being
infected
,
nothing
would
serve
for
their
Recovery
less
than
the
entire
renewing
of
their
Constitution
.
The
House
,
that
they
might
do
it
without
giving
occasion
to
any
sinister
Reflections
upon
themselves
,
agreed
upon
a
self-denying
Ordinance
,
the
Grounds
whereof
were
expressed
to
be
,
the
clearing
of
the
Parliament
from
the
Aspersions
cast
on
them
,
of
prolonging
the
War
on
purpose
to
gratify
each
other
with
Places
,
and
neglecting
their
Duty
in
the
House
by
holding
Employments
in
the
Army
:
They
therefore
enacted
,
that
all
Members
of
Parliament
should
surrender
the
Offices
they
held
from
them
,
that
they
might
the
better
attend
their
Duty
in
Parliament
.
By
this
means
the
Earl
of
Essex
,
the
Earl
of
Manchester
,
and
Sir
William
Waller
,
were
laid
aside
,
the
latter
rather
to
shew
their
Impartiality
,
than
from
any
Distrust
of
him
,
he
having
never
discovered
to
that
time
any
Inclination
to
favour
the
King's
Cause
.
Upon
this
Change
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
was
voted
General
,
and
Philip
Skippon
Major
General
of
the
Foot
.
A
Committee
was
also
appointed
to
consider
what
Number
of
Horse
and
Foot
this
Army
should
consist
of
,
and
who
under
the
General
should
command
them
.
They
agreed
also
upon
the
Colonels
,
some
whereof
were
Scots
,
as
Middleton
,
Holborn
,
and
others
,
who
disliking
the
Design
,
refused
to
accept
of
Employments
.
Pointz
was
commissionated
to
command
the
Forces
in
the
North
,
and
Massey
those
in
the
West
,
consisting
chiefly
of
such
as
had
served
under
Sir
William
Waller
.
The
Committee
would
have
named
me
for
the
Command
of
a
Regiment
;
but
the
Gentlemen
who
served
in
Parliament
for
the
County
of
Wilts
,
pretended
then
that
they
could
not
spare
me
;
yet
soon
after
,
observing
me
not
fit
to
promote
a
Faction
,
and
solely
applying
my self
to
advance
the
Cause
of
the
Publick
,
they
combined
against
me
,
and
procured
me
to
be
laid
aside
,
under
colour
that
they
stood
not
in
need
of
more
than
four
Troops
for
the
Service
of
the
County
,
of
which
they
offered
me
the
Command
;
and
I
should
not
have
declined
it
,
had
I
found
my
Endeavours
answered
with
sutable
Acceptance
,
or
that
they
whom
I
served
had
been
willing
the
Publick
Cause
,
for
which
I
was
ready
to
sacrifice
my
Life
,
should
prosper
:
but
the
contrary
being
most
evident
;
and
tho
some
of
the
Gentlemen
continued
to
manifest
their
Fidelity
to
the
Publick
,
and
their
Affection
to
me
,
yet
most
of
them
having
now
espoused
another
Interest
,
and
rejoicing
at
any
Loss
that
fell
upon
ours
,
I
chose
rather
to
desist
and
wait
for
a
better
Opportunity
to
improve
my
Talent
for
the
Service
of
the
Publick
.
My
Major
,
notwithstanding
his
Artifices
,
being
disappointed
in
his
Expectation
to
command
these
Troops
,
openly
pulled
off
the
Mask
,
and
with
about
thirty
of
his
Troop
,
and
some
Strangers
,
under
pretence
of
beating
up
a
Quarter
of
the
Enemy
,
went
over
to
them
,
having
sent
his
Wife
before
to
give
them
notice
of
his
Design
.
But
his
Lieutenant
continuing
faithful
to
the
Publick
,
hindred
most
part
of
his
Troop
from
following
him
.
Soon
after
he
undertook
to
raise
a
Regiment
in
the
North
Parts
of
Wiltshire
for
the
King
;
but
whilst
he
was
attempting
to
effect
it
,
an
Encounter
happened
between
him
and
some
Forces
of
the
Parliament
,
wherein
being
worsted
,
and
endeavouring
to
save
himself
by
leaping
over
a
Ditch
,
he
fell
with
his
Horse
into
it
,
and
was
so
bruised
with
his
Fall
,
that
he
never
spoke
more
,
thereby
receiving
such
a
Recompence
as
was
due
to
his
Treachery
.
About
the
same
time
that
the
Parliament
made
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
General
of
their
Forces
,
the
King
made
Prince
Rupert
General
of
his
,
notwithstanding
his
late
ill
Success
at
Marston-Moor
,
to
the
great
Dissatisfaction
of
many
of
his
Council
.
The
Committee
of
Wilts
divided
themselves
,
one
part
of
them
to
sit
at
Malmsbury
,
and
the
other
to
reside
about
Salisbury
;
but
wanting
a
Place
for
their
Security
,
they
put
a
Garison
into
Falston-house
;
and
Capt.
Edward
Doyly
contending
with
Major
William
Ludlow
for
the
Government
thereof
,
the
Committee
at
London
gave
it
to
the
latter
,
who
with
his
Troop
somewhat
restrained
the
Excursions
of
the
King's
Party
from
their
Garison
thereabouts
.
That
part
of
the
Committee
which
sat
at
Malmsbury
having
some
Affairs
to
dispatch
at
Marlborough
,
went
thither
accompanied
by
Col.
Devereux
,
Governour
of
the
Place
.
The
first
Night
after
their
Arrival
a
Party
of
the
King
's
surprized
them
there
,
and
took
some
of
the
Committee
,
with
the
said
Governour
,
and
most
of
the
Forces
they
had
with
them
,
Prisoners
.
The
Parliament
,
tho
they
were
not
wanting
to
make
all
fitting
Preparations
for
War
,
yet
neglected
no
honest
Endeavours
to
procure
Peace
,
assuring
themselves
that
they
should
be
the
better
enabled
to
bear
whatsoever
might
be
the
Event
of
the
War
,
if
they
took
care
to
discharge
their
Consciences
in
that
Particular
,
and
to
manifest
,
that
as
they
had
been
compelled
to
it
by
mere
Necessity
,
so
,
if
it
must
be
continued
,
it
should
not
be
through
their
Choice
or
Obstinacy
.
To
this
end
it
was
agreed
,
that
Commissioners
should
be
sent
from
the
Parliament
,
to
treat
with
others
to
be
sent
from
the
King
about
Conditions
of
Peace
.
The
Place
of
their
Meeting
was
at
Vxbridg
,
where
after
the
King
had
owned
the
two
Houses
as
a
Parliament
,
to
which
he
was
not
without
difficulty
perswaded
,
tho
he
had
by
an
Act
engaged
that
they
should
continue
to
be
a
Parliament
till
they
dissolved
themselves
,
which
they
had
not
done
;
and
consented
that
his
Commissioners
should
treat
in
the
same
Quality
they
were
in
before
the
War
,
the
Commissioners
of
Parliament
declining
to
give
them
the
Titles
conferred
upon
them
since
;
they
made
some
Progress
in
the
Treaty
,
which
began
the
13
th
of
January
,
1645.
but
the
Proposition
concerning
the
Bishops
being
rejected
,
it
came
to
nothing
.
During
the
Treaty
Mr.
Love
,
one
of
the
Chaplains
attending
the
Commissioners
of
Parliament
,
preaching
before
them
,
averred
,
That
the
King
was
a
Man
of
Blood
,
and
that
it
was
a
vain
thing
to
hope
for
the
Blessing
of
God
upon
any
Peace
to
be
made
with
him
,
till
Satisfaction
should
be
made
for
the
Blood
that
had
been
shed
.
For
these
Words
the
King's
Commissioners
demanded
Satisfaction
;
but
the
Treaty
breaking
up
,
nothing
was
done
in
order
thereunto
.
And
now
both
Parties
renewed
the
War
,
Weymouth
being
seized
for
the
King
,
and
some
Advantage
obtained
against
the
Parliament
near
Pomfret
.
On
the
other
side
,
the
Forces
of
the
Parliament
surprized
the
important
Town
of
Shrewsbury
,
whereby
the
King's
Correspondence
with
Wales
became
much
interrupted
.
They
also
recovered
Weymouth
by
the
help
of
the
Garison
of
Melcolm-Regis
,
which
is
separated
from
the
said
Town
by
a
small
Arm
of
the
Sea
,
with
a
Bridg
over
it
,
and
which
was
preserved
by
the
Industry
of
the
Governour
Col.
Sydenham
.
Col.
Cromwell
,
notwithstanding
the
Self-denying
Ordinance
,
was
dispensed
with
by
the
Parliament
;
and
being
impower'd
to
command
the
Horse
under
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
,
he
marched
with
a
Party
of
Horse
and
Dragoons
from
Windsar
,
and
at
Islip-Bridg
met
,
fought
,
and
defeated
the
Queen's
Regiment
of
Horse
,
together
with
the
Regiments
of
the
Earl
of
Northampton
,
the
Lord
Wilmot
,
and
Col.
Palmer
,
taking
five
hundred
Horse
and
two
hundred
Foot
Prisoners
,
whereof
many
were
Officers
and
Persons
of
Quality
.
After
which
he
summoned
Blechington-house
,
which
was
surrendred
to
him
by
Col.
Windebank
,
Son
to
the
late
Secretary
of
State
,
who
coming
to
Oxford
,
was
shot
to
death
for
so
doing
.
He
forced
Sir
William
Vaughan
,
and
Lieutenant
Colonel
Littleton
,
with
three
hundred
and
fifty
Men
,
into
Bampton-bush
,
where
he
took
them
both
,
and
two
hundred
of
their
Men
Prisoners
,
with
their
Arms
;
sending
Col.
Fiennes
after
another
Party
,
who
took
a
hundred
and
fisty
Horse
,
three
Colonels
,
and
forty
private
Souldiers
Prisoners
,
with
their
Arms
:
and
being
reinforced
by
about
five
hundred
Foot
from
Col.
Brown
,
he
attempted
Faringdon-house
,
but
without
Success
.
General
Fairfax
leaving
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
to
block
up
the
King
at
Oxford
,
with
the
Body
of
the
Army
marched
Westward
,
with
a
design
to
relieve
Taunton
;
but
being
ordered
by
the
Committee
of
both
Kingdoms
to
besiege
Oxford
,
he
appointed
Col.
Welden
to
relieve
that
Town
,
which
he
easily
effected
,
the
Enemy
marching
off
at
his
Approach
,
apprehending
them
to
be
the
whole
Army
marching
against
them
,
as
they
before
had
been
informed
.
The
King
sent
the
Prince
of
Wales
,
accompanied
with
Hyde
and
Culpeper
,
into
the
West
,
to
raise
Forces
;
and
despising
the
New
Model
,
as
it
was
called
,
because
most
of
the
old
Officers
were
either
omitted
by
the
Parliament
,
or
had
quitted
their
Commands
in
the
Army
,
judging
himself
Master
of
the
Field
,
marched
towards
Leicester
,
and
by
this
time
was
grown
so
considerable
,
that
the
Committee
of
both
Kingdoms
thought
it
high
time
to
look
after
him
,
and
to
that
end
commanded
the
General
with
the
Army
to
march
and
observe
his
Motions
;
but
before
he
could
overtake
him
,
the
King
had
made
himself
Master
of
Leicester
by
storm
,
and
plundered
it
,
with
the
loss
of
about
seven
hundred
Men
on
his
side
,
and
about
one
hundred
of
the
Town
.
Being
encouraged
with
this
Success
,
and
with
the
consideration
that
he
was
to
encounter
with
an
unexperienced
Enemy
,
upon
advice
that
our
Army
was
in
search
of
him
,
he
advanced
towards
them
,
and
both
Armies
met
in
the
Field
of
Naseby
on
the
14
th
of
June
,
1645.
Some
days
before
one
Col.
Vermuyden
,
an
old
Souldier
,
who
commanded
a
Regiment
of
Horse
,
had
laid
down
his
Commission
,
whether
through
diffidence
of
Success
,
or
what
other
Consideration
,
I
know
not
:
and
in
the
beginning
of
the
Engagement
Major
General
Skippon
,
the
only
old
Souldier
remaining
amongst
the
chief
Officers
of
the
Army
,
received
a
shot
in
the
Body
from
one
of
our
own
Party
,
as
was
supposed
unwillingly
,
whereby
he
was
in
a
great
measure
disabled
to
perform
the
Duty
of
his
Place
that
day
,
tho
extreamly
desirous
to
do
it
.
Under
these
Discouragements
the
Horse
upon
our
Left
Wing
were
attacked
by
those
of
the
Enemies
Right
,
and
beaten
back
to
our
Cannon
,
which
were
in
danger
of
being
taken
,
our
Foot
giving
ground
also
.
But
our
Right
Wing
being
strengthned
by
those
of
our
Left
that
were
rallied
by
their
Officers
,
fell
upon
the
Enemies
Left
Wing
,
and
having
broken
and
repulsed
them
,
resolving
to
improve
the
Opportunity
,
charged
the
main
Body
of
the
King's
Army
,
and
with
the
Assistance
of
two
or
three
Regiments
of
our
Infantry
,
entirely
encompassed
the
Enemies
Body
of
Foot
,
who
finding
themselves
deserted
by
their
Horse
,
threw
down
their
Arms
,
and
yielded
themselves
Prisoners
.
By
this
means
our
Horse
were
at
leisure
to
pursue
the
King
,
and
such
as
fled
with
him
towards
Leicester
,
taking
many
Prisoners
in
the
pursuit
,
who
with
those
taken
in
the
Field
amounted
in
all
to
about
six
thousand
,
and
amongst
them
six
Colonels
,
eight
Lieutenant
Colonels
,
eighteen
Majors
,
seventy
Captains
,
eighty
Lieutenants
,
eighty
Ensigns
,
two
hundred
inferiour
Officers
,
about
one
hundred
and
forty
Standards
of
Horse
and
Foot
,
the
King's
Footmen
and
Servants
,
and
the
whole
Train
of
Artillery
and
Baggage
.
This
Victory
was
obtained
with
the
Loss
of
a
very
few
on
our
side
,
and
not
above
three
or
four
hundred
of
the
Enemy
.
In
the
Pursuit
the
King's
Cabinet
was
taken
,
and
in
it
many
Letters
of
Consequence
,
particularly
one
from
the
Lord
Digby
,
advising
the
King
,
before
any
Act
of
Hostility
on
either
side
,
to
betake
himself
to
some
Place
of
Strength
,
and
there
to
declare
against
the
Parliament
;
by
which
Men
perceived
that
the
Design
of
making
War
upon
the
Parliament
was
resolved
upon
early
,
the
King
having
followed
this
Council
exactly
.
The
Parliament
had
impeached
Finch
of
High
Treason
,
for
advising
the
illegal
Tax
of
Ship-money
,
soliciting
the
Judges
to
declare
it
lawful
,
and
threatning
those
who
refused
so
to
do
,
for
which
good
Service
the
King
had
preferred
him
to
be
Keeper
of
the
Great
Seal
;
but
the
Place
being
vacant
upon
his
Flight
,
the
King
would
not
entrust
it
with
Littleton
before
he
had
obliged
him
by
an
Oath
to
promise
to
send
the
Seal
to
the
King
whensoever
he
should
by
any
Messenger
require
it
of
him
;
which
I
am
inclined
to
believe
to
have
been
the
Cause
why
Littleton
left
the
Parliament
,
not
daring
to
stay
,
after
he
had
,
according
to
his
Oath
,
sent
the
Seal
to
the
King
by
one
Mr.
Elliot
,
dispatched
to
him
by
the
King
for
that
purpose
.
The
Seal
being
thus
carried
away
,
the
Parliament
finding
Justice
obstructed
through
the
want
of
it
,
declared
,
that
the
Seal
ought
to
attend
them
during
their
Sitting
,
and
therefore
that
all
that
was
or
should
be
done
since
it
was
carried
to
the
King
,
was
null
and
void
.
Upon
which
a
new
Seal
was
ordered
to
be
made
,
and
Commissioners
nominated
for
the
keeping
of
it
,
and
putting
it
in
execution
to
all
Intents
and
Purposes
,
the
Parliament
thereby
exercising
the
Supreme
Authority
in
virtue
of
their
frequent
Declarations
;
That
the
King
doth
nothing
in
his
personal
Capacity
as
King
,
but
in
his
politick
Capacity
according
to
Law
;
of
which
the
Judges
of
Westminster-hall
are
Judges
in
the
Intervals
of
Parliament
;
and
during
the
sitting
of
Parliament
the
Two
Houses
being
the
Great
Council
both
of
King
and
People
,
are
the
sole
Judges
thereof
.
In
the
King's
Cabinet
were
also
found
Letters
from
the
Queen
,
blaming
him
for
owning
those
at
Westminster
to
be
a
Parliament
,
and
warning
him
not
to
do
any
thing
to
the
prejudice
of
the
Roman
Catholicks
;
with
a
Copy
of
his
Answer
,
wherein
he
promised
his
Care
of
the
Papists
,
and
excused
his
owning
the
two
Houses
at
Westminster
to
be
a
Parliament
;
assuring
her
,
that
if
he
could
have
found
two
of
his
Mongrel
Parliament
at
Oxford
,
as
he
called
them
,
of
his
mind
therein
,
he
would
never
have
done
it
;
and
that
tho
he
had
done
it
publickly
,
the
Parliament
refusing
to
treat
with
him
otherwise
,
yet
he
had
given
Order
to
have
it
entred
in
the
Journal
of
his
Council
,
that
this
,
notwithstanding
,
should
not
be
of
any
Validity
for
the
enabling
them
to
be
a
Parliament
.
Another
Paper
was
found
with
them
,
giving
some
Account
of
the
Troubles
in
Ireland
,
wherein
the
Papists
who
had
taken
Arms
being
qualified
Rebels
,
that
term
was
struck
out
,
and
the
word
Irish
added
by
the
King
himself
.
There
was
likewise
a
Letter
to
the
French
King
,
complaining
of
the
Unkindness
and
Ingratitude
of
the
Queen
,
and
of
the
Reasons
of
the
Removal
of
her
Servants
that
she
brought
over
with
her
;
of
which
it
had
been
Discretion
in
the
King
to
have
kept
no
Memorials
,
such
Matters
,
when
buried
in
Oblivion
,
being
next
best
to
the
not
having
any
Differences
between
so
near
Relations
.
Many
more
Letters
there
were
relating
to
the
Publick
,
which
were
printed
with
Observations
,
by
Order
of
the
Parliament
;
and
others
of
no
less
Consequence
suppressed
,
as
I
have
been
credibly
informed
,
by
some
of
those
that
were
instructed
with
them
,
who
since
the
King's
Return
have
been
rewarded
for
it
.
One
Paper
I
must
not
omit
which
was
here
found
,
being
that
very
Paper
which
contained
the
principal
Evidence
against
the
Earl
of
Strafford
,
and
had
been
,
as
before
mentioned
,
purloined
from
the
Committee
appointed
by
the
House
of
Commons
to
manage
the
Charge
against
him
,
having
these
Words
written
upon
it
with
the
King
's
own
Hand
,
This
Paper
was
delivered
to
me
by
George
Digby
,
tho
he
,
as
well
as
the
rest
of
that
Committee
,
had
solemnly
protested
,
that
he
had
neither
taken
that
Paper
away
,
nor
knew
what
was
become
of
it
.
The
Prisoners
and
Standards
taken
in
the
Fight
were
brought
through
London
to
Westminster
.
The
Standards
were
ordered
to
be
hung
up
in
Westminster-Hall
,
and
the
Prisoners
were
secured
in
the
Artillery-Ground
near
Tuttle-fields
;
a
Committee
being
appointed
to
consider
how
to
dispose
of
them
,
who
permitted
those
to
return
home
that
would
give
Security
for
their
living
peaceably
for
the
future
;
but
such
as
did
not
,
which
was
much
the
greater
Number
,
were
shipped
off
to
serve
in
Foreign
Parts
upon
Conditions
.
This
Success
was
astonishing
,
being
obtained
by
Men
of
little
Experience
in
Affairs
of
this
nature
,
and
upon
that
account
despised
by
their
Enemies
;
yet
it
proved
the
deciding
Battel
,
the
King's
Party
after
this
time
never
making
any
considerable
Opposition
.
Leicester
capitulated
two
days
after
,
and
was
surrendred
;
and
some
of
our
Forces
besieged
Chester
,
whilst
the
Scots
did
the
like
to
Hereford
.
The
General
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
marched
with
the
Army
to
relieve
our
Friends
at
Taunton
,
where
Col.
Welden
was
besieged
,
took
Highworth
in
his
March
,
and
dissipated
the
Club-men
,
defeated
Goring's
Forces
at
Lamport
,
possessed
himself
of
the
Towns
of
Bridgwater
and
Bath
by
Capitulation
,
and
of
Sherburn-Castle
by
storm
.
Bristol
also
was
surrendred
after
the
Outworks
and
Fort
had
been
taken
by
Assault
,
with
divers
other
Successes
of
less
importance
,
and
therefore
unnecessary
to
be
mentioned
here
.
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
being
sent
to
reduce
such
Garisons
as
were
in
the
way
to
London
,
began
with
the
Castle
of
Winchester
,
which
was
delivered
to
him
upon
Articles
;
after
which
he
marched
to
Basinghouse
,
and
erected
a
Battery
on
the
East-side
of
it
;
by
which
having
made
a
Breach
,
he
stormed
and
entered
it
,
putting
many
of
the
Garison
to
the
Sword
,
and
taking
the
rest
with
the
Marquiss
of
Winchester
,
whose
House
it
was
,
Prisoners
.
Col.
Robert
Hammond
had
been
before
made
Prisoner
by
the
Marquiss
,
and
was
kept
here
by
him
in
order
to
secure
his
own
Life
,
which
he
did
by
putting
himself
under
the
Colonel's
Protection
,
when
ours
entred
the
Place
.
It
was
suspected
that
Col.
Hammond
'
,
being
related
to
the
Earl
of
Essex
,
whose
half-Sister
was
married
to
the
Marquiss
of
Winchester
,
had
suffered
himself
to
be
taken
Prisoner
on
design
to
serve
the
said
Marquiss
.
The
next
Place
he
attempted
was
Langford-house
near
Salisbury
,
which
was
yielded
in
a
day
or
two
upon
Articles
.
The
Works
about
Basing
were
levelled
,
Sherborn-Castle
slighted
,
as
also
Falston-house
,
of
which
Major
Ludlow
was
Governour
,
who
was
removed
to
undertake
the
same
Charge
at
Langford-house
,
wherein
the
Parliament
thought
fit
to
keep
a
Garison
by
reason
of
its
nearness
to
the
Enemy
.
The
King
,
as
well
to
secure
himself
by
getting
as
far
from
our
Forces
as
he
could
,
as
to
raise
a
new
Army
if
possible
,
marched
with
the
Horse
that
he
had
left
towards
North-Wales
,
hoping
in
his
way
to
relieve
Chester
besieged
by
Sir
William
Brereton
,
and
by
his
Presence
in
Wales
to
prevail
with
them
to
furnish
him
with
a
Body
of
Foot
:
but
he
found
himself
frustrated
in
both
these
Designs
:
For
being
worsted
near
Routen
Heath
by
Major
General
Pointz
,
who
commanded
a
Brigade
of
the
Parliament's
in
those
Parts
,
he
saw
the
Face
of
Affairs
much
altered
both
in
North
and
South-Wales
:
In
the
last
of
which
,
tho
he
was
entertained
civilly
by
some
particular
Persons
,
yet
the
generality
of
the
Country
,
that
during
his
Successes
had
subjected
themselves
even
slavishly
to
his
Instruments
,
now
fearing
he
might
draw
the
Army
of
the
Parliament
after
him
,
and
make
their
Country
the
Seat
of
War
,
began
to
murmur
against
him
,
and
drew
together
a
numerous
Body
in
the
nature
of
a
Club-Army
,
whispering
amongst
themselves
as
if
they
intended
to
seize
his
Person
,
and
deliver
him
to
the
Parliament
to
make
their
Peace
.
Which
being
reported
to
the
King
,
he
thought
fit
to
retire
from
thence
with
his
Forces
,
only
leaving
a
small
Garison
in
the
Castle
of
Cardiff
,
which
,
together
with
the
County
,
was
soon
after
reduced
to
the
Obedience
of
the
Parliament
by
Col.
Pritchard
,
where
Sir
John
Strangwaies
was
amongst
others
taken
Prisoner
,
who
by
order
of
the
Parliament
was
sent
up
to
London
,
and
committed
to
the
Tower
.
The
Isle
of
Anglesey
,
and
such
Places
of
North-Wales
as
had
been
held
for
the
King
,
were
surrendred
to
the
Parliament
;
but
Glamorganshire
and
the
parts
adjacent
continued
not
long
in
their
Duty
,
but
revolted
at
the
Instigation
of
one
Mr.
Kerne
of
Winny
,
who
pretending
great
Fidelity
to
the
Parliament
,
was
intrusted
by
them
as
their
Sheriff
for
that
County
,
and
made
use
of
that
Authority
to
raise
the
Country
against
them
,
and
to
besiege
Colonel
Pritchard
,
and
the
rest
of
their
Friends
in
the
Castle
of
Cardiff
;
who
being
reduced
to
some
necessity
,
had
been
probably
constrained
to
surrender
it
,
had
not
speedy
relief
been
procured
from
the
Parliament
under
the
Conduct
of
Colonel
Kirle
of
Glocestershire
;
who
falling
suddenly
upon
the
Enemy
,
routed
and
killed
many
of
them
.
The
King's
Affairs
being
in
this
low
condition
in
England
and
Wales
,
he
resolved
to
try
what
might
be
done
in
Scotland
;
in
order
to
which
,
he
commands
the
Lord
Digby
to
march
thither
with
a
Party
of
sixteen
hundred
Horse
,
and
to
join
the
Marquiss
of
Montross
then
in
Arms
for
him
in
that
Kingdom
.
In
obedience
to
the
King's
Order
,
the
Lord
Digby
marched
from
Newark
,
and
in
his
way
surprized
about
eight
hundred
of
ours
near
Sherbon
;
but
was
afterwards
routed
by
Col.
Copley
,
who
recovered
the
Men
and
Arms
taken
from
ours
,
killed
forty
of
the
Enemy
upon
the
spot
,
took
four
hundred
of
them
Prisoners
,
and
about
six
hundred
Horses
:
The
Lord
Digby's
Coach
and
Papers
were
also
taken
.
This
Party
was
defeated
a
second
time
by
Sir
John
Brown
,
and
a
third
by
Col.
Bright
,
who
took
two
hundred
of
them
Prisoners
;
the
Lord
Digby
with
about
twenty
more
hardly
escaping
to
the
Isle
of
Man
,
and
from
thence
to
Ireland
.
At
the
approach
of
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax's
Army
,
the
Enemy
raised
the
Siege
of
Taunton
;
from
thence
the
General
marched
to
Honyton
,
and
the
next
day
to
Colompton
,
from
whence
the
Enemy
retired
in
great
disorder
.
On
October
20.
the
Army
,
tho
much
weakned
by
hard
Duty
and
the
Rigour
of
the
Season
,
resolved
upon
the
Blockade
of
Exeter
.
Carmarthen
Castle
,
Monmouth
,
and
divers
other
Places
were
surrendred
to
the
Parliament
:
so
that
the
King
looking
upon
the
Rebels
in
Ireland
as
his
last
Refuge
,
sends
Orders
to
the
Earl
of
Ormond
not
only
to
continue
the
Cessation
,
but
to
conclude
a
Peace
with
them
,
upon
condition
they
would
oblige
themselves
to
send
over
an
Army
to
his
Assistance
against
the
Parliament
of
England
.
The
Supreme
Council
of
Ireland
,
as
they
called
themselves
,
having
notice
of
it
,
invited
the
Earl
of
Ormond
to
Kilkenny
to
treat
about
the
same
;
who
being
willing
to
see
his
Relations
and
his
Estate
in
those
Parts
,
as
also
to
expedite
that
Service
,
accepted
their
Invitation
,
and
marched
thither
with
about
three
or
4000
Horse
and
Foot
for
his
Guard
,
which
by
the
advice
of
the
Lord
Mountgarret
and
the
Supreme
Council
,
were
dispersed
into
Quarters
in
the
Villages
thereabouts
;
the
Earl
of
Ormond
suspecting
nothing
,
having
sent
Orders
to
Sir
Francis
Willoughby
,
who
commanded
that
Party
under
him
,
to
that
purpose
:
but
he
being
an
old
and
experienced
Commander
,
well
acquainted
with
the
Treachery
of
that
Nation
,
and
particularly
of
those
of
the
Popish
Religion
,
knowing
how
easy
it
would
be
for
the
Irish
to
cut
them
off
in
the
Quarters
assigned
for
them
,
resolved
not
to
consent
to
the
dispersing
of
his
Men
;
and
therefore
desired
of
the
Earl
of
Ormond
,
that
he
might
quarter
with
them
in
the
Field
,
or
where
his
Lordship
should
appoint
,
desiring
if
this
would
not
satisfy
,
he
might
have
Liberty
to
return
home
;
advising
him
not
to
trust
his
Person
with
them
,
notwithstanding
their
fair
Words
.
My
Lord
hereupon
leaves
the
Care
of
quartering
his
Men
to
Sir
Francis
Willoughby
;
but
resolves
himself
to
stay
at
Kilkenny
.
Sir
Francis
draws
the
Troops
into
Goran
,
a
Town
five
Miles
from
Kilkenny
,
where
he
kept
his
Guards
with
as
much
Caution
as
if
he
had
been
in
an
Enemies
Country
.
The
Enemy
being
by
this
means
disappointed
of
their
Design
to
cut
off
the
Party
by
surprize
,
resolved
to
attempt
it
by
open
Force
;
and
all
the
favour
that
the
Earl
of
Ormond
could
get
amongst
his
Relations
,
was
to
have
notice
to
shift
for
himself
,
which
with
much
difficulty
he
did
,
sending
Orders
to
his
Forces
to
march
towards
Dublin
,
in
which
he
was
very
readily
obeyed
by
them
,
having
had
advice
that
the
Country
was
rising
upon
them
;
which
they
did
in
such
numbers
,
that
if
Col.
Bagnal
Governour
of
Loughlyn
had
not
permitted
them
to
pass
the
Bridg
there
,
they
had
in
all
appearance
been
cut
off
.
When
they
had
recovered
their
own
Quarters
,
they
discovered
a
piece
of
Treachery
,
as
Sir
Francis
Willoughby
,
who
gave
me
this
account
,
judged
it
to
be
,
tho
he
knew
not
on
whom
to
charge
it
:
for
they
found
that
they
had
not
been
in
a
condition
to
make
any
Opposition
,
if
the
Enemy
had
fallen
upon
them
,
the
Powder
with
which
they
were
furnished
having
no
force
in
it
;
which
came
to
be
discovered
upon
the
trial
of
a
Musquet
at
a
Mark
,
by
the
small
report
it
gave
,
and
the
fall
of
the
Bullet
half
way
from
it
:
Whereupon
searching
further
into
the
matter
,
they
found
all
their
Store
to
be
of
the
same
sort
.
The
Irish
seized
upon
all
the
Earl
of
Ormond's
Plate
,
and
whatsoever
he
had
with
him
at
Kilkenny
,
his
Haste
not
permitting
him
to
save
any
thing
.
By
this
Usage
his
Zeal
for
the
prosecution
of
the
Treaty
with
the
Rebels
became
much
abated
.
The
King's
Commission
to
the
Earl
of
Ormond
was
not
of
so
large
an
extent
as
he
was
willing
to
allow
,
in
case
the
Treaty
with
the
Irish
came
to
any
effect
;
and
therefore
the
Earl
of
Glamorgan
,
afterwards
Earl
of
Worcester
,
was
impowered
by
private
Instructions
from
him
,
to
promise
them
the
Liberty
of
the
Romish
Religion
,
with
divers
other
Advantages
to
the
Irish
Rebels
,
upon
which
he
treated
with
them
.
But
because
this
,
when
it
came
to
be
publickly
known
in
England
,
was
highly
resented
by
many
even
of
the
King's
Party
,
the
Lord
Digby
,
who
was
ordered
by
the
King
to
assist
in
that
Affair
,
finding
that
the
Treaty
was
not
like
to
take
effect
,
to
give
a
specious
Colour
to
the
matter
,
as
if
Glamorgan
had
in
that
particular
exceeded
his
Commission
,
accused
him
of
High
Treason
,
and
procured
him
to
be
imprison'd
by
the
Earl
of
Ormond
:
but
in
Letters
intercepted
from
the
Lord
Glamorgan
to
his
Lady
,
he
desired
that
she
would
not
entertain
any
Fears
concerning
him
;
for
that
he
doubted
not
,
if
he
could
be
admitted
to
be
heard
,
that
he
should
be
able
to
justify
his
Proceedings
,
to
the
Confusion
of
those
who
had
caused
his
Imprisonment
.
The
English
Officers
and
Souldiers
provoked
by
the
late
Treachery
of
the
Irish
,
and
apprehending
that
without
Assistance
from
England
they
might
fall
into
their
hands
,
would
not
be
satisfied
unless
a
Message
were
sent
to
the
Parliament
to
treat
about
Conditions
for
the
putting
of
Dublin
,
and
the
Protestant
Forces
of
Ireland
,
into
their
Hands
:
In
order
to
which
the
Parliament
sent
over
Commissioners
to
treat
with
the
Earl
of
Ormond
and
the
Council
.
But
tho
the
Earl
was
not
willing
that
any
thing
should
be
concluded
at
that
time
;
yet
Sir
Francis
Willoughby
was
,
as
I
have
heard
him
say
,
so
far
convinced
of
the
Necessity
and
Duty
that
lay
upon
them
so
to
do
,
that
he
promised
our
Commissioners
to
preserve
the
Castle
of
Dublin
,
of
which
he
was
then
Governour
,
for
the
Service
of
the
Parliament
,
whensoever
they
should
command
it
.
Montross
having
obtained
a
Victory
against
those
whom
the
Scots
had
left
to
preserve
the
Peace
of
Scotland
,
by
the
means
of
which
he
was
become
Master
of
a
great
part
of
that
Kingdom
,
David
Lesley
was
sent
thither
from
Hereford
with
most
of
the
Scotish
Horse
,
where
he
defeated
the
Army
of
Montross
,
and
reduced
that
Nation
to
its
former
Obedience
.
After
the
Surrender
of
Bristol
to
the
Forces
of
the
Parliament
,
Prince
Rupert
who
had
been
Governour
thereof
returned
to
Oxford
,
where
he
found
so
cool
a
Reception
from
the
King
by
reason
of
the
Loss
of
that
Place
,
that
Col.
Leg
then
Governour
of
Oxford
was
turned
out
of
that
Command
for
being
of
his
Faction
,
and
the
Government
of
that
City
put
into
the
Hands
of
Sir
Thomas
Glenham
.
The
Prince
was
for
some
time
forbidden
to
wear
a
Sword
;
and
tho
he
was
soon
after
restored
to
that
Liberty
;
yet
he
was
never
more
intrusted
with
any
Command
.
The
House
of
Commons
finding
their
Business
to
increase
,
and
their
numbers
to
diminish
by
the
Death
of
some
,
and
Desertion
of
others
to
the
King
at
Oxford
,
ordered
the
Commissioners
of
the
Seal
to
issue
out
Writs
to
such
Counties
,
Cities
,
and
Boroughs
,
as
the
House
by
their
particular
Order
should
direct
,
for
the
Election
of
Members
to
serve
in
Parliament
.
They
ordered
also
a
Jewel
to
be
prepared
of
the
Value
of
about
seven
hundred
Pounds
,
to
be
presented
to
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
;
it
had
the
House
of
Commons
represented
on
one
side
,
and
the
Battel
of
Naseby
on
the
other
:
three
Members
of
Parliament
were
deputed
to
carry
the
Present
to
him
;
the
Opportunity
of
whose
Guard
I
took
to
go
into
the
West
without
disturbance
,
which
was
difficult
to
do
at
that
time
,
many
of
the
King's
Party
hovering
about
the
Downs
,
from
whence
they
were
called
Col.
Downs
his
Men
;
who
rendring
the
Rode
unsafe
,
I
procured
a
Guard
of
twenty
or
thirty
of
the
County
Horse
to
accompany
me
during
my
stay
in
those
Parts
.
So
small
a
Number
not
being
sufficient
either
to
defend
me
,
or
to
make
any
Attempt
,
I
betook
my self
to
Col.
Massey's
Party
,
commanded
at
that
time
by
Col.
Edward
Cook
,
where
I
had
not
been
long
before
an
Alarm
was
given
,
that
a
Party
of
Horse
from
Oxford
had
marched
by
,
with
a
design
to
relieve
Corse-Castle
,
besieged
at
that
time
by
our
Forces
:
But
before
we
could
get
our
Men
together
,
they
had
surprized
part
of
ours
in
Warham
,
and
beaten
off
the
Guard
between
that
Place
and
the
Castle
,
which
they
relieved
with
what
they
could
,
and
were
returned
back
again
.
In
this
Action
a
Brother
of
my
Father
's
was
mortally
wounded
,
taken
Prisoner
by
the
Enemy
,
and
died
the
next
day
.
Col.
Cook
was
forced
to
content
himself
to
reinforce
the
Besiegers
,
and
to
return
to
his
former
Station
.
The
Army
commanded
by
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
having
left
a
strong
Party
to
block
up
Exeter
,
advanced
Westward
towards
the
Enemy
;
and
at
Bovey
Tracy
fought
the
Brigade
commanded
by
the
Lord
Wentworth
,
took
four
hundred
Horse
,
and
about
a
hundred
Foot
,
Prisoners
,
with
six
Standards
,
one
of
which
was
the
King's
.
Two
Regiments
of
ours
appeared
before
Dartmouth
,
and
summoned
it
;
but
the
Garison
being
numerous
,
and
furnished
with
all
things
necessary
,
refused
to
surrender
:
upon
which
the
Army
advancing
,
possessed
themselves
of
their
Outworks
,
and
having
turned
their
Cannon
upon
them
,
two
Forts
,
distant
about
a
Mile
from
the
Town
,
wherein
were
thirty
four
Pieces
of
Cannon
,
and
two
Ships
of
War
that
were
in
the
Harbour
,
surrendred
;
which
the
Governour
understanding
,
capitulated
,
and
delivered
the
Town
upon
Articles
,
being
permitted
to
march
off
himself
;
but
Sir
Hugh
Pollard
,
the
Earl
of
Newport
,
Col.
Seymour
,
four
Colonels
,
with
divers
others
,
were
to
remain
Prisoners
:
and
a
French
Vessel
coming
into
the
Harbour
,
not
knowing
what
had
passed
,
was
seized
,
and
Letters
of
Consequence
found
in
her
from
the
Queen
.
The
Prince
of
Wales
,
who
to
countenance
their
Affairs
had
the
name
of
General
in
the
Western
Parts
,
finding
their
Affairs
desperate
,
shipped
himself
for
Scilly
,
leaving
the
Command
of
their
Forces
to
Sir
Ralph
Hopton
,
who
was
soon
after
summoned
by
General
Fairfax
to
lay
down
his
Arms
;
and
after
several
Messages
,
four
Commissioners
on
each
side
met
at
Tresilian-Bridg
,
and
came
to
an
Agreement
;
the
Substance
of
which
was
,
to
deliver
up
all
their
Arms
,
Artillery
,
and
Ammunition
,
except
what
was
excepted
by
the
Articles
;
to
be
admitted
to
compound
according
to
the
Rates
fixed
by
the
Parliament
,
and
to
have
Liberty
granted
for
such
as
desired
it
to
go
beyond
Sea
,
which
Sir
Ralph
Hopton
and
some
others
did
.
The
People
of
Padstow
seized
a
Ship
coming
from
Ireland
,
and
perceiving
a
Letter
floating
in
the
Sea
,
took
it
up
,
and
opening
it
,
found
it
to
be
from
the
Earl
of
Glamorgan
,
therein
acquainting
the
King's
Party
,
that
six
thousand
Irish
were
ready
to
be
embarked
for
their
Assistance
,
and
that
four
thousand
more
should
follow
them
in
a
short
time
.
Upon
the
dispersion
of
Sir
Ralph
Hopton's
Army
,
most
of
the
Forts
and
tenable
Places
in
the
West
procured
the
best
Conditions
they
could
for
themselves
.
Hereford
was
surprized
on
the
18
th
of
December
,
by
Col.
Birch
and
Col.
Morgan
,
after
it
had
been
besieged
for
about
two
Months
ineffectually
by
the
Scots
:
In
this
Place
was
taken
that
inveterate
Enemy
to
the
Parliament
Serjeant
Jenkins
,
with
some
others
.
In
February
following
Byron
the
Governour
of
Chester
surrendred
that
Place
upon
Terms
.
The
best
Friends
of
the
Parliament
were
not
without
fears
what
the
Issue
of
their
new
Elections
might
be
:
for
tho
the
People
durst
not
chuse
such
as
were
open
Enemies
to
them
,
yet
probably
they
would
such
as
were
most
likely
to
be
for
a
Peace
upon
any
Terms
,
corruptly
preferring
the
Fruition
of
their
Estates
and
sensual
Enjoyments
before
the
Publick
Interest
;
which
fort
of
Men
were
no
less
dangerous
than
the
other
:
and
therefore
honest
Men
in
all
Parts
did
what
they
could
to
promote
the
Election
of
such
as
were
most
hearty
for
the
Accomplishment
of
our
Deliverance
;
judging
it
to
be
of
the
highest
Importance
so
to
wind
up
things
,
that
we
might
not
be
over-reach'd
by
our
Enemies
in
a
Treaty
,
that
had
not
been
able
to
contend
with
us
in
open
War
.
To
this
end
I
endeavoured
that
my
Uncle
Mr.
Edmund
Ludlow
might
be
chosen
for
the
Borough
of
Hinden
,
where
tho
he
was
elected
and
returned
by
the
principal
Burgesses
and
Bailiff
,
yet
the
Rabble
of
the
Town
,
many
of
whom
lived
upon
the
Alms
of
one
Mr.
George
How
,
pretending
that
they
had
chosen
the
latter
,
the
Sheriff
returned
them
both
.
By
this
means
Mr.
How
got
first
into
the
House
;
but
they
being
informed
of
the
matter
of
Fact
,
commanded
him
to
withdraw
till
the
Case
should
be
decided
by
the
Committee
of
Privileges
.
Shortly
after
a
Writ
being
issued
out
for
the
Election
of
two
Knights
to
serve
for
the
County
of
Wilts
,
in
the
room
of
my
Father
,
who
died
in
their
Service
,
and
of
Sir
James
Thynne
,
who
contrary
to
his
Trust
had
deserted
to
the
King
at
Oxford
,
the
Earl
of
Pembroke
sent
to
me
,
and
acquainted
me
,
that
he
understood
that
the
Country
was
inclined
to
chuse
me
to
serve
for
one
of
their
Knights
in
Parliament
,
desiring
me
to
endeavour
that
his
second
Son
Mr.
James
Herbert
might
be
chosen
for
the
other
,
promising
that
tho
he
was
young
,
yet
he
would
undertake
he
should
vote
honestly
for
the
Commonwealth
.
I
inform'd
him
,
that
I
knew
nothing
of
the
Intentions
of
the
County
to
elect
me
,
but
hoped
that
if
they
elected
his
Son
,
he
would
make
good
his
Promise
.
His
Son
,
also
entred
into
the
like
Engagement
for
himself
.
At
the
Day
appointed
for
the
Election
,
having
had
several
Invitations
so
to
do
,
I
attended
according
to
Custom
,
and
the
Words
of
the
Writ
,
which
require
the
Candidates
to
be
present
at
the
Place
of
Election
.
The
Earl
of
Pembroke's
Friends
desired
me
to
consent
that
his
Son
might
have
the
first
Voice
,
which
I
did
,
tho
many
of
the
Country
Gentlemen
were
unwilling
to
permit
it
:
which
done
,
the
County
was
pleased
to
confer
the
Trust
upon
me
without
any
Opposition
.
Some
who
were
not
present
,
took
it
ill
that
I
sent
not
to
them
to
desire
their
Company
,
which
I
excused
,
assuring
them
that
I
had
not
sent
to
any
Person
,
having
forborn
so
to
do
,
not
out
of
any
Disrespect
to
them
,
or
Confidence
in
my
own
Interest
,
but
out
of
a
Sense
of
my
own
Inability
to
undertake
so
great
a
Charge
,
as
well
as
out
of
a
Desire
to
have
a
clear
and
unquestionable
Right
to
an
Employment
of
such
Importance
.
When
I
came
to
the
House
of
Commons
,
I
met
with
Col.
Robert
Blake
,
attending
to
be
admitted
,
being
chosen
for
Taunton
;
where
having
taken
the
usual
Oaths
,
we
went
into
the
House
together
,
which
I
chose
to
do
,
assuring
my self
,
he
having
been
faithful
and
active
in
the
Publick
Service
abroad
,
that
we
should
be
as
unanimous
in
the
carrying
it
on
within
those
Doors
.
The
Parliament
being
sensible
that
the
King
had
corrupted
those
Forces
that
they
had
sent
over
to
suppress
the
Rebellion
in
Ireland
,
and
that
they
had
no
great
Assurance
of
the
Lord
Inchequin
,
nominated
the
Lord
Viscount
Lisle
,
Son
to
the
Earl
of
Leicester
,
and
a
Member
of
the
House
of
Commons
,
to
be
Lieutenant
for
Ireland
,
looking
upon
him
as
the
most
considerable
Person
of
Integrity
they
could
think
upon
.
He
procured
the
Liberty
of
Col.
Monk
,
then
Prisoner
in
the
Tower
,
upon
information
that
he
had
good
Experience
in
that
War
,
and
an
Interest
in
the
Souldiers
there
;
to
which
Mr.
William
Cawley
gave
his
single
Negative
.
On
the
13
th
of
April
,
1646.
Exeter
was
delivered
to
ours
upon
Articles
,
by
which
all
such
as
were
in
the
Town
and
Garison
were
admitted
to
compound
for
their
Estates
,
paying
two
Years
Value
for
the
same
.
Barnstable
,
Dunstar-Castle
,
and
Michael's-Mount
in
Cornwall
,
were
also
surrendred
:
in
the
last
of
which
Places
the
Marquiss
of
Hamilton
was
Prisoner
by
the
King's
Order
,
and
restored
to
his
Liberty
upon
the
Surrender
of
it
,
which
Favour
he
acknowledged
to
the
Members
of
the
House
of
Commons
,
attending
in
Person
at
their
door
to
that
end
.
The
most
considerable
Body
of
Men
remaining
in
the
Field
for
the
King
was
commanded
by
Sir
Jacob
Ashley
,
who
being
on
his
March
towards
Oxford
,
was
attacked
by
Col.
Morgan
and
Sir
William
Brereton
at
Stow
in
the
Woald
,
where
,
after
a
sharp
Dispute
on
both
sides
,
Sir
Jacob
Ashley's
Forces
were
entirely
defeated
,
many
of
them
killed
and
wounded
,
and
himself
taken
Prisoner
.
During
his
Confinement
he
was
heard
to
say
,
That
now
they
had
no
hopes
to
prevail
but
by
our
Divisions
.
Which
deserves
the
more
Reflection
,
because
he
being
well
acquainted
with
the
King
's
Secrets
,
was
not
ignorant
,
that
many
amongst
us
,
who
at
the
beginning
appeared
most
forward
to
engage
themselves
,
and
to
invite
others
to
the
War
against
the
King
,
finding
themselves
disappointed
of
those
Preferments
which
they
expected
,
or
out
of
some
particular
Disgusts
taken
,
had
made
Conditions
with
the
King
not
only
for
their
Indemnity
,
but
for
Places
and
Advancements
under
him
;
endcavouring
by
a
Treaty
,
or
rather
by
Treachery
,
to
betray
what
had
cost
so
much
Blood
to
obtain
.
These
Men
,
to
strengthen
their
Interest
,
applied
themselves
to
the
Presbyterian
Party
,
who
jealous
of
the
Increase
of
Sectaries
,
of
which
the
Army
was
reported
chiefly
to
consist
,
readily
joined
with
them
.
By
which
Conjunction
most
of
the
new
elected
Members
were
either
Men
of
a
neutral
Spirit
,
and
willing
to
have
Peace
upon
any
Terms
,
or
such
,
who
tho
they
had
engaged
against
the
King
,
yet
finding
things
tending
to
a
Composition
with
him
,
resolved
to
have
the
Benefit
of
it
,
and
his
Favour
,
tho
with
the
Guilt
of
all
the
Blood
that
had
been
shed
in
the
War
upon
their
Heads
,
in
not
requiring
Satisfaction
for
the
same
,
nor
endeavouring
to
prevent
the
like
for
the
future
;
designing
at
the
most
only
to
punish
some
inferiour
Instruments
,
whilst
the
Capital
Offender
should
not
only
go
free
,
but
his
Authority
be
still
acknowledged
and
adored
,
and
so
the
Nation
more
enslaved
than
ever
to
a
Power
,
which
tho
it
destroys
the
People
by
Thousands
,
must
be
accountable
to
none
but
God
for
so
doing
;
whom
some
Persons
,
as
it
is
apparent
by
their
Usage
of
Mankind
,
either
think
not
to
be
,
or
not
at
all
superiour
to
them
.
Another
sort
of
Men
there
was
amongst
us
,
who
having
acquired
Estates
in
the
Service
of
the
Parliament
,
now
adhered
to
the
King's
Party
for
the
preserving
of
what
they
had
got
;
who
,
together
with
such
as
had
been
discharged
from
their
Employments
by
the
Reform
of
the
Army
,
or
envied
their
Success
,
combined
together
against
the
Commonwealth
.
This
Party
was
encouraged
and
supported
upon
all
occasions
by
the
Scots
and
the
City
of
London
:
The
first
of
them
,
tho
they
began
the
War
,
and
tho
their
Assembly
of
Ministers
had
declared
the
King
guilty
of
the
Blood
of
Thousands
of
his
best
Subjects
,
their
Covenant
engaging
them
in
the
preservation
of
his
Person
so
far
only
as
might
consist
with
the
Laws
of
the
Land
,
and
Liberty
of
the
Subject
;
yet
having
had
many
good
Opportunities
in
England
,
and
hoping
for
more
,
supposing
it
to
be
in
their
Power
to
awe
the
King
to
whatsoever
they
should
think
fit
,
they
were
contented
to
swallow
that
Ocean
of
Blood
that
had
been
shed
,
pressing
the
Parliament
by
their
Commissioners
to
conclude
upon
such
Terms
with
the
King
,
as
shewed
them
rather
Advocates
,
than
such
as
had
been
Enemies
to
him
.
The
latter
having
had
their
Treasure
much
exhausted
by
the
War
,
and
their
Trade
long
interrupted
,
besides
the
Influence
the
Scots
had
upon
them
by
the
means
of
their
Ministers
,
the
Common
Council
being
also
debauched
by
Serjeant
Glyn
,
and
others
of
that
Party
in
the
House
of
Commons
;
it
was
not
so
much
to
be
wondred
at
if
they
earnestly
solicited
for
a
speedy
Determination
of
the
Difference
by
a
Treaty
.
The
King
also
perceiving
Judgment
to
be
given
against
him
by
that
Power
to
which
both
Parties
had
made
their
solemn
Appeal
,
thought
it
advisable
to
make
use
of
the
Foxes
Skin
,
and
for
a
time
to
lay
aside
that
of
the
Lion
,
sending
Messages
to
the
Parliament
to
desire
of
them
a
safe
Conduct
for
his
coming
to
London
in
Honour
,
Freedom
and
Safety
,
there
personally
to
treat
with
the
Two
Houses
about
the
means
of
settling
a
firm
and
lasting
Peace
;
the
Scots
in
the
mean
time
repeating
their
Instances
with
the
Parliament
,
to
enter
into
the
Consideration
of
the
Articles
of
Religion
contained
in
the
Covenant
,
to
give
a
speedy
Peace
to
his
Majesty
,
to
pay
them
near
two
hundred
thousand
Pounds
,
which
they
pretended
to
be
due
to
them
for
their
Arrcars
,
and
to
make
a
just
Estimate
of
the
Losses
they
had
sustained
by
Sea
and
Land
since
the
beginning
of
the
War
,
for
want
of
such
Supplies
as
were
promised
them
,
which
they
computed
at
more
than
the
former
Sum.
The
Parliament
,
for
divers
Reasons
,
thought
it
not
convenient
to
comply
with
the
King's
Propositions
;
and
in
answer
to
the
Scots
,
demanded
of
them
an
exact
Account
of
what
was
due
to
them
,
requiring
them
to
withdraw
their
Garisons
from
such
Places
as
they
possessed
in
England
.
Some
Differences
they
had
also
with
the
Scots
Commissioners
concerning
the
Exclusion
of
the
King
from
having
any
thing
to
do
with
the
Militia
,
and
touching
the
Scots
intermedling
with
the
Government
of
England
,
about
the
Education
of
the
King's
Children
,
the
disbanding
of
Armies
,
and
an
Act
of
Oblivion
;
in
which
Matters
the
Parliament
of
England
would
not
permit
the
Scots
to
interpose
;
and
therefore
their
Commissioners
acquainted
them
that
they
had
not
Power
to
consent
to
any
Demands
of
that
nature
:
whereupon
the
Deputies
of
Scotland
applied
themselves
to
the
Two
Houses
,
demanding
that
they
would
enlarge
the
Powers
of
their
Commissioners
to
that
end
.
But
there
being
found
in
these
Demands
of
the
Scots
some
Expressions
highly
reflecting
upon
the
Parliament
,
the
Two
Houses
declared
them
to
be
injurious
and
scandalous
,
and
ordered
them
to
be
burnt
by
the
Hands
of
the
Common
Hangman
.
After
which
they
commanded
the
Army
to
besiege
Oxford
,
who
in
order
to
that
Design
blocked
up
Farringdon
,
Wallingford
,
and
Woodstock
;
but
before
they
could
form
the
Siege
of
Oxford
,
the
King
escaped
from
thence
on
the
27
th
of
April
,
1646.
of
which
notice
being
given
to
the
Parliament
by
Col.
Rainsborough
,
who
lay
before
Woodstock
;
they
suspecting
that
he
designed
to
come
to
London
to
raise
a
Party
against
them
,
published
an
Ordinance
,
declaring
,
That
whosoever
should
harbour
or
conceal
the
King's
Person
,
should
be
proceeded
against
as
a
Traitor
to
the
Common-wealth
.
Within
three
or
four
days
they
received
a
Message
from
the
Scots
Army
,
informing
the
Parliament
of
the
King
's
coming
to
them
,
and
pretending
to
be
much
surprized
at
it
;
but
it
appeared
afterwards
that
this
Resolution
had
been
communicated
to
them
before
.
The
King
was
accompanied
in
this
Expedition
by
one
Hudson
,
and
Mr.
Ashburnham
,
passing
as
a
Servant
to
the
latter
.
Upon
this
notice
,
the
House
of
Commons
sent
an
Order
to
their
Commissioners
in
the
Scots
Army
to
demand
the
Person
of
the
King
,
judging
it
unreasonable
,
that
the
Scots
Army
being
in
their
Pay
,
should
assume
the
Authority
to
dispose
of
the
King
otherwise
than
by
their
Order
;
resolving
further
that
the
King
should
be
conducted
to
the
Castle
of
Warwick
,
and
that
those
who
came
out
of
Oxford
with
him
should
be
brought
to
London
.
The
next
day
they
commanded
their
Army
to
advance
,
in
order
to
hinder
the
Conjunction
of
the
King's
Forces
with
the
Scots
.
The
King
soon
after
his
Arrival
at
the
Scots
Quarters
,
gave
order
for
the
Delivery
of
Newark
into
their
Hands
;
which
having
received
,
they
surrendred
to
the
English
,
and
marched
with
the
King
to
Newcastle
;
whereof
the
House
of
Commons
being
informed
,
and
that
the
Earl
of
Leven
,
General
of
the
Scots
Army
,
had
by
Proclamation
forbidden
his
Forces
to
have
any
Communication
with
the
King's
Party
,
they
desisted
from
their
Resolution
of
advancing
their
Army
,
and
of
conducting
the
King
to
Warwick
,
ordering
the
Scots
to
keep
him
for
the
Parliament
of
England
.
Mr.
Ashburnham
was
permitted
by
the
Scots
to
make
his
Escape
,
but
Mr.
Hudson
was
brought
to
London
,
and
upon
Examination
at
the
Bar
of
the
House
of
Commons
,
confessed
some
things
about
the
King's
Journey
from
Oxford
.
Commissioners
being
appointed
by
the
Parliament
to
be
sent
down
to
the
Scots
Army
in
this
Conjuncture
,
they
made
choice
of
two
Lords
,
of
whom
the
Earl
of
Pembroke
was
one
,
and
four
of
the
Commons
;
in
which
number
Col.
Brown
the
Woodmonger
being
nominated
to
that
Imployment
,
he
turned
about
to
me
,
who
sat
behind
him
in
the
House
,
assuring
me
that
he
would
be
ever
true
to
us
:
And
truly
I
then
believed
him
,
having
met
him
at
the
beginning
of
the
War
in
Smithfield
buying
Horses
for
the
Service
of
the
Parliament
,
where
he
spoke
very
affectionately
concerning
their
Undertaking
,
and
served
them
afterwards
very
successfully
,
especially
at
Abingdon
,
as
I
mentioned
before
;
but
this
wretched
Man
soon
discovered
the
Corruption
of
his
Nature
,
and
Malignity
that
lay
concealed
in
his
Heart
:
for
no
sooner
had
the
King
found
out
his
ambitious
Temper
,
and
cast
some
slight
Favours
upon
him
,
giving
him
a
Pair
of
Silk
Stockings
with
his
own
Hand
,
but
his
low
and
abject
Original
and
Education
became
so
prevalent
in
him
,
as
to
transform
him
into
an
Agent
and
Spy
for
the
King
,
proving
,
as
will
be
hereaster
related
,
one
of
the
bloodiest
Butchers
of
the
Parliament's
Friends
.
The
Scots
having
the
King
in
their
Power
,
pressed
him
to
write
to
the
Earl
of
Ormond
his
Lieutenant
in
Ireland
,
and
to
the
Governours
and
Commanders
of
Places
that
remained
in
Arms
for
him
,
to
lay
down
their
Arms
,
and
to
deliver
the
said
Places
to
such
as
the
Parliament
of
England
should
appoint
to
receive
them
,
acquainting
him
,
that
otherwise
they
could
not
protect
him
.
Submitting
to
this
Necessiry
,
he
sent
Orders
to
that
effect
,
which
some
obeyed
,
and
others
resused
to
comply
with
,
looking
upon
him
to
be
under
a
Force
.
Amongst
those
who
yielded
Obedience
to
the
King's
Orders
,
was
Montross
,
who
disbanded
the
Forces
he
had
left
,
and
went
beyond
Sea
.
The
City
of
Oxford
having
been
blocked
up
for
some
time
,
began
to
capitulate
,
lest
their
farther
Obstinacy
should
prove
prejudicial
to
them
,
particularly
in
the
matter
of
Compositions
for
their
Estates
,
the
most
considerable
of
the
King's
Party
being
there
.
Commissioners
were
appointed
on
both
sides
to
treat
,
and
came
to
an
Agreement
on
the
22
d
of
June
,
1646.
upon
such
Terms
as
the
Parliament
were
unwilling
to
confirm
;
but
whilst
they
were
in
Debate
concerning
the
Articles
,
they
understood
that
Prince
Rupert
and
others
of
the
King's
Party
were
marched
out
of
the
Town
in
pursuance
of
them
;
and
that
the
Garison
would
be
entirely
evacuated
before
they
could
signify
their
Pleasure
to
the
Army
.
Wherefore
tho
they
did
not
approve
the
Conditions
,
yet
they
thought
not
fit
to
do
any
thing
in
order
to
break
them
.
The
principal
Reason
given
by
the
Army
of
their
proceeding
so
hastily
to
a
Conclusion
of
the
Treaty
,
was
,
lest
the
King
should
make
Terms
with
the
Scots
,
and
bring
their
Army
to
the
Relief
of
Oxford
.
Farringdon-house
,
Wallingford-Castle
,
and
Woodstock
,
were
surrendred
to
the
Parliament
;
Worcester
and
Litchfield
soon
after
,
as
also
Pendennis
and
Ragland-Castle
.
The
Scots
by
their
Commissioners
pressed
the
Parliament
to
send
Propositions
of
Peace
to
the
King
,
wherein
they
were
seconded
by
an
insolent
Address
from
the
Mayor
and
Common-Council
of
the
City
of
London
;
in
which
after
some
Acknowledgments
of
the
Care
and
Courage
of
the
Parliament
in
the
Refermation
of
the
Church
,
and
Preservation
of
the
Laws
,
they
desired
of
them
,
that
such
Assemblies
as
were
privately
held
to
introduce
new
Sects
might
be
suppressed
,
lest
they
should
breed
Disturbances
in
Church
and
State
;
that
they
would
hasten
the
Establishment
of
Peace
in
the
three
Kingdoms
;
that
they
would
consider
the
great
Services
of
the
Scots
,
and
dismiss
those
who
were
distinguished
by
the
name
of
Independents
from
all
Imployments
Civil
and
Military
,
esteeming
them
to
be
Firebrands
that
might
endanger
the
Publick
Peace
,
with
other
Particulars
of
the
same
nature
.
The
Answer
of
the
Parliament
to
the
said
Address
was
not
much
to
the
Satisfaction
of
the
Petitioners
,
being
a
positive
Declaration
that
they
resolved
to
preserve
their
Authority
entire
to
themselves
.
There
was
a
Party
in
the
House
of
the
same
Temper
with
the
Addressers
,
who
earnestly
endeavoured
to
break
the
Army
,
as
the
principal
Obstacle
to
their
Designs
,
pretending
the
necessity
of
relieving
Ireland
,
the
Loss
of
which
they
said
would
be
infinitely
prejudicial
to
England
;
and
that
the
way
to
prevent
it
was
to
send
thither
some
part
of
the
Army
,
who
being
united
in
Affection
,
and
of
great
Reputation
both
for
Courage
and
Conduct
,
would
strike
a
Terror
into
the
Enemy
,
and
undoubtedly
accomplish
that
important
Work
;
not
forgetting
to
urge
that
the
People
of
England
were
not
able
to
bear
their
present
Burdens
,
and
therefore
must
be
eased
.
To
these
Pretences
it
was
replied
,
That
it
could
not
consist
with
the
Honour
or
Safety
of
the
Parliament
to
lessen
their
Forces
,
whilst
they
had
an
Army
of
another
Nation
in
their
Bowels
;
who
tho
they
were
united
in
the
same
Cause
and
Interest
with
us
,
yet
the
best
way
to
continue
them
so
,
was
to
be
in
such
a
Posture
as
might
secure
us
from
any
fear
of
their
breaking
with
us
;
and
that
the
more
Reputation
the
Army
had
,
the
fitter
they
were
to
be
kept
together
for
that
end
.
After
a
long
Debate
,
the
Question
was
put
;
Whether
two
Regiments
of
the
Army
should
be
sent
to
the
Relief
of
Ireland
?
and
it
was
carried
in
the
Negative
by
one
Voice
only
.
The
Commonwealth-Party
taking
Advantage
of
the
Arguments
used
in
the
House
for
the
Relief
of
Ireland
,
and
Ease
of
the
People
of
England
,
procured
an
Order
for
the
disbanding
of
Col.
Massey's
Brigade
,
and
Money
to
be
sent
to
the
Devizes
in
the
County
of
Wiles
,
where
they
were
ordered
to
be
drawn
together
for
that
purpose
.
Alderman
Allen
and
my self
,
who
served
sor
that
County
,
were
commissionated
to
see
it
put
in
execution
:
In
order
to
which
we
repaired
to
the
Lord
General
,
who
lay
then
at
Cornbury
,
and
prevailed
with
him
and
Commissary
General
Ireton
,
with
two
Regiments
of
Horse
,
to
draw
to
the
Devizes
,
which
we
found
to
be
very
necessary
:
for
tho
many
of
that
Brigade
were
glad
of
the
Opportunity
to
return
home
to
their
several
Callings
,
having
taken
up
Arms
,
and
hazarded
their
Lives
purely
to
serve
the
Publick
;
yet
divers
idle
and
debauched
Persons
,
especially
the
Foreigners
,
amongst
them
,
not
knowing
how
to
betake
themselves
to
any
honest
Employment
,
endeavoured
to
stir
up
the
Brigade
to
a
Mutiny
;
but
not
being
able
to
effect
that
,
some
of
them
listed
themselves
to
serve
against
the
Rebels
in
Ireland
under
Sir
William
Fenton
,
and
others
there
present
to
receive
them
,
for
which
we
had
Instructions
from
the
Parliament
;
the
rest
dispersed
themselves
,
and
returned
home
.
The
Forces
also
that
served
in
the
North
under
Major
General
Pointz
were
soon
after
disbanded
.
The
City
of
London
had
made
it
their
Request
in
the
Petition
before-mentioned
,
that
some
Commissioners
from
them
might
accompany
those
from
the
Parliament
to
the
King
;
but
their
own
Party
in
the
House
fearing
perhaps
to
be
outbid
by
them
,
or
it
may
be
not
having
quite
lost
all
Sense
of
Honour
,
rejected
that
Motion
with
Contempt
,
alledging
that
they
had
their
Representatives
in
Parliament
,
and
were
concluded
by
what
they
acted
as
well
as
other
Men
:
upon
which
Mr.
Martin
said
,
That
tho
he
could
not
but
agree
with
what
had
been
affirmed
touching
their
being
involved
in
what
their
Representatives
did
,
and
their
not
sending
Commissioners
as
desired
;
yet
as
to
the
Substance
of
what
they
proposed
,
he
could
not
so
much
blame
them
as
others
had
done
,
they
therein
shewing
themselves
in
the
end
of
the
War
no
less
prudent
than
they
had
expressed
themselves
honest
in
the
beginning
:
for
as
when
the
Parliament
invited
them
to
stand
by
them
in
the
War
against
the
King
,
in
Defence
of
their
Religion
,
Lives
,
Liberties
and
Estates
,
they
did
it
heartily
,
and
therein
shewed
themselves
good
Christians
and
true
English-men
;
so
now
the
War
being
ended
,
and
the
Parliament
upon
making
Terms
with
the
King
,
and
thinking
fit
to
sue
to
him
,
now
their
Prisoner
,
for
Peace
,
whom
they
had
all
incensed
by
their
Resistance
,
the
Citizens
having
considerable
Estates
to
lose
,
shewed
themselves
prudent
Men
,
in
endeavouring
to
procure
their
Pardons
as
well
as
others
:
And
tho
,
said
he
,
you
will
not
permit
them
to
send
as
they
desire
,
they
have
expressed
their
good
Will
,
which
without
doubt
will
be
well
accepted
.
The
Commissioners
of
Parliament
joining
with
those
who
were
before
with
the
King
,
endeavoured
to
perswade
him
to
agree
to
the
Propositions
of
the
Parliament
;
but
he
disliking
several
things
in
them
,
and
most
of
all
the
abolition
of
Episcopacy
,
to
which
Interest
he
continued
obstinately
stedfast
,
refused
his
Consent
,
upon
private
Encouragement
from
some
of
the
Scots
and
English
,
to
expect
more
easy
Terms
,
or
to
be
received
without
any
at
all
.
The
Parliament
willing
to
bring
this
Matter
to
a
Conclusion
,
sent
the
same
Propositions
a
second
time
to
the
King
,
and
desired
the
Scots
to
use
their
utmost
Endeavours
to
procure
his
Consent
to
them
.
The
Scots
Commissioners
,
especially
the
Lord
Loudon
,
pressed
the
King
very
earnestly
to
comply
with
them
,
telling
him
,
that
tho
the
Propositions
were
higher
in
some
Particulars
than
they
could
have
wished
,
notwithstanding
their
Endeavours
to
bring
them
as
low
as
they
could
,
according
to
their
Promises
;
yet
if
he
continued
to
reject
them
,
he
must
not
expect
to
be
received
in
Scotland
,
whither
they
must
return
;
and
upon
his
resusal
of
the
Conditions
offered
,
deliver
him
up
to
the
Parliament
of
England
.
But
whatsoever
they
or
the
English
could
say
,
making
no
Impression
upon
the
King
,
the
Parliament's
Commissioners
returned
with
a
Negative
from
him
.
The
Interposition
of
the
Scots
in
this
Affair
proving
ineffectual
,
the
War
being
at
an
end
,
and
such
considerable
Forces
altogether
unnecessary
,
the
Parliament
appointed
Commissioners
to
conser
with
those
of
Scotland
concerning
such
things
as
remained
to
be
performed
by
the
Treaty
between
them
;
that
the
fraternal
Union
might
continue
,
and
the
Scots
depart
towards
their
own
Country
.
In
order
to
which
the
Accounts
of
their
Army
were
adjusted
,
and
a
great
Sum
of
Money
agreed
to
be
paid
to
them
at
the
present
,
and
other
Sums
upon
certain
days
,
to
their
full
Satisfaction
.
Major
General
Skippon
,
with
a
considerable
Body
of
Men
,
carried
down
the
Money
in
specie
for
the
Paiment
of
the
Scots
Army
;
which
being
received
by
them
,
they
delivered
the
King
into
the
hands
of
the
Parliament's
Commissioners
that
attended
him
there
,
and
began
their
March
for
Scotland
,
having
delivered
Newcastle
to
the
English
,
and
drawn
their
Men
out
of
Berwick
and
Carlisle
,
which
two
Places
were
agreed
not
to
be
garisoned
without
the
Consent
of
both
Kingdoms
.
About
this
time
the
Earl
of
Essex
having
over-heated
himself
in
the
Chace
of
a
Stag
in
Windsor
Forest
,
departed
this
Lise
:
His
Death
was
a
great
Loss
to
those
of
his
Party
,
who
to
keep
up
their
Spirits
and
Credit
procured
his
Funeral
to
be
celebrated
with
great
Magnificence
at
the
Charge
of
the
Publick
,
the
Lords
and
Commons
with
a
great
number
of
Officers
and
Gentlemen
accompanying
him
to
the
Grave
.
In
the
mean
time
I
observed
that
another
Party
was
not
idle
;
for
walking
one
Morning
with
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
in
Sir
Robert
Cotton's
Garden
,
he
inveighed
bitterly
against
them
,
saying
in
a
familiar
way
to
me
;
If
thy
Father
were
alive
,
he
would
let
some
of
them
hear
what
they
deserve
:
adding
farther
,
That
it
was
a
miserable
thing
to
serve
a
Parliament
,
to
whom
let
a
Man
be
never
so
faithful
,
if
one
pragmatical
Fellow
amongst
them
rise
up
and
asperse
him
,
he
shall
never
wipe
it
off
.
Whereas
,
said
he
,
when
one
serves
under
a
General
,
he
may
do
as
much
Service
,
and
yet
be
free
from
all
Blame
and
Envy
.
This
Text
,
together
with
the
Comment
that
his
after-Actions
put
upon
it
,
hath
since
perswaded
me
,
that
he
had
already
conceived
the
Design
of
destroying
the
Civil
Authority
,
and
setting
up
of
himself
;
and
that
he
took
that
Opportunity
to
feel
my
Pulse
,
whether
I
were
a
fit
Instrument
to
be
employed
by
him
to
those
ends
.
But
having
replied
to
his
Discourse
,
that
we
ought
to
perform
the
Duty
of
our
Stations
,
and
trust
God
with
our
Honour
,
Power
,
and
all
that
is
dear
to
us
,
not
permitting
any
such
Considerations
to
discourage
us
from
the
prosecution
of
our
Duty
,
I
never
heard
any
more
from
him
upon
that
point
.
Whilst
the
King
was
at
Newcastle
,
the
President
de
Bellievre
came
over
into
England
in
the
Quality
of
an
Ambassador
from
the
French
King
,
with
Orders
to
endeavour
a
Reconciliation
between
the
King
and
the
Parliament
.
He
had
a
favourable
Audience
from
the
Two
Houses
,
and
their
Permission
to
apply
himself
to
the
King
;
but
being
on
his
way
towards
him
,
upon
farther
Debate
,
they
judged
it
not
fit
to
subject
that
Affair
to
the
Cognizance
of
any
Foreign
Prince
,
resolving
to
determine
it
themselves
without
the
Interposition
of
any
,
having
experienced
,
that
most
of
the
neighbouring
States
,
especially
the
Monarchical
,
were
at
the
bottom
their
Enemies
,
and
their
Ambassadors
and
Residents
so
many
Spies
upon
them
,
as
appeared
more
particularly
by
Letters
taken
in
the
King's
Cabinet
after
the
Battel
of
Naseby
,
which
discovered
that
the
Emperor
's
Resident
in
London
held
a
private
Correspondence
with
the
King
,
and
there
was
ground
to
believe
that
the
Ambassador
of
Portugal
did
the
like
,
from
Letters
therein
found
from
that
King
.
These
Applications
to
the
King
,
together
with
the
Permission
granted
by
the
Parliament
to
the
Turky
Company
,
to
address
themselves
to
him
,
for
the
commissionating
of
one
whom
they
had
nominated
to
be
their
Agent
with
the
Grand
Signior
,
under
pretence
that
he
would
not
otherwise
be
received
:
To
which
may
be
added
the
frequent
Overtures
of
Peace
made
by
the
Parliament
to
the
King
,
tho
he
had
not
a
Sword
left
wherewith
to
oppose
them
;
and
the
great
Expectations
of
the
People
of
his
Return
to
the
Parliament
,
being
informed
that
the
Heads
of
the
Presbyterian
Party
had
promised
the
Scots
,
upon
the
Delivery
of
the
King
,
that
as
soon
as
they
had
disbanded
the
Army
,
they
would
bring
him
to
London
in
Honour
and
Safety
:
these
things
,
I
say
,
made
the
People
ready
to
conclude
,
that
tho
his
Designs
had
been
wonderfully
defeated
,
his
Armies
beaten
out
of
the
Field
,
and
himself
delivered
into
the
Hands
of
the
Parliament
,
against
whom
he
had
made
a
long
and
bloody
War
;
yet
certainly
he
must
be
in
the
right
;
and
that
tho
he
was
guilty
of
the
Blood
of
many
thousands
,
yet
was
still
unaccountable
,
in
a
condition
to
give
Pardon
,
and
not
in
need
of
receiving
any
:
which
made
them
flock
from
all
Parts
to
see
him
as
he
was
brought
from
Newcastle
to
Holmby
,
falling
down
before
him
,
bringing
their
Sick
to
be
touched
by
him
,
and
courting
him
as
only
able
to
restore
to
them
their
Peace
and
Settlement
.
The
Party
in
the
House
that
were
betraying
the
Cause
of
their
Country
,
became
Encouragers
of
such
Petitioners
as
came
to
them
from
the
City
of
London
,
and
other
Places
,
to
that
effect
;
very
many
of
whom
had
been
always
for
the
King's
Interest
,
but
their
Estates
lying
in
the
Parliament's
Quarters
,
they
secured
them
by
their
Presence
in
the
House
,
and
at
the
same
time
promoted
his
Designs
by
their
Votes
.
There
was
another
sort
of
Men
who
were
contented
to
sacrifice
all
Civil
Liberties
to
the
Ambition
of
the
Presbyterian
Clergy
,
and
to
vest
them
with
a
Power
as
great
or
greater
than
that
which
had
been
declared
intolerable
in
the
Bishops
before
.
To
this
end
they
encouraged
the
reduced
Officers
of
the
Earl
of
Essex
,
such
as
Massey
,
Waller
,
Pointz
,
and
others
,
to
press
the
Parliament
for
their
Arrears
in
a
peremptory
and
seditious
manner
,
that
being
furnished
with
Money
they
might
be
enabled
to
stand
by
these
their
Patrons
in
whatsoever
Design
they
had
to
carry
on
.
And
the
better
to
facilitate
the
disbanding
of
the
Army
,
which
they
so
much
desired
,
they
resolved
to
draw
off
a
considerable
part
of
them
for
the
Service
of
Ireland
;
and
to
render
the
Work
more
acceptable
,
voted
Major
General
Skippon
to
command
them
;
joining
the
Earl
of
Warwick
and
Sir
William
Waller
in
Commission
with
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
,
to
draw
out
such
Forces
as
were
willing
to
go
,
to
continue
such
as
should
be
thought
necessary
for
the
Security
of
this
Nation
,
and
to
disband
the
rest
.
The
Army
being
well
informed
of
the
Design
,
begun
to
consult
how
to
prevent
it
;
and
tho
many
of
the
Officers
were
prevailed
with
to
engage
by
Advancements
to
higher
Commands
,
yet
the
major
part
absolutely
resused
.
The
Commissioners
of
the
Parliament
having
done
what
they
could
in
prosecution
of
their
Instructions
,
ordered
those
who
had
engaged
in
the
Irish
Service
to
draw
off
from
the
Army
,
which
then
lay
at
Saffron
Walden
,
and
about
Newmarket
,
and
to
be
quartered
in
the
way
to
Ireland
;
which
done
,
they
returned
to
London
with
an
Account
of
their
Proceedings
.
The
Parliament
being
informed
of
what
passed
,
were
highly
displeased
with
the
Carriage
of
the
Army
;
but
the
Prudence
and
Moderation
of
Major
General
Skippon
,
in
his
Report
of
that
Matter
to
the
House
,
much
abated
the
heat
of
their
Resentment
:
Yet
some
menacing
Expressions
falling
from
some
of
them
,
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
took
the
occasion
to
whisper
me
in
the
Ear
,
saying
,
These
Men
will
never
leave
till
the
Army
pull
them
out
by
the
Ears
:
Which
Expression
I
should
have
resented
,
if
the
state
of
our
Affairs
would
have
permitted
.
In
this
Conjuncture
five
Regiments
of
Horse
chose
their
Agitators
,
who
agreed
upon
a
Petition
to
the
Parliament
,
to
desire
of
them
to
proceed
to
settle
the
Affairs
of
the
Kingdom
,
to
provide
for
the
Arrears
of
the
Army
,
and
to
declare
that
they
would
not
disband
any
of
them
till
these
things
were
done
;
deputing
William
Allen
,
afterwards
known
by
the
addition
of
Adjutant
General
,
Edward
Sexby
,
afterwards
Col.
Sexby
,
and
one
Philips
,
to
present
it
,
which
they
did
accordingly
at
the
Bar
of
the
House
of
Commons
.
After
the
reading
of
the
Petition
,
some
of
the
Members
moved
that
the
Messengers
might
be
committed
to
the
Tower
,
and
the
Petition
declared
seditious
;
but
the
House
after
a
long
Debate
satisfied
themselves
to
declare
,
That
it
did
not
belong
to
the
Souldiery
to
meddle
with
Civil
Affairs
,
nor
to
prepare
or
present
any
Petition
to
the
Parliament
without
the
Advice
and
Consent
of
their
General
,
to
whom
they
ordered
a
Letter
to
be
sent
to
desire
for
the
future
his
Care
therein
;
with
which
acquainting
the
three
Agents
,
and
requiring
their
Conformity
thereunto
,
they
dismissed
them
.
But
this
not
satisfying
,
another
Petition
was
carried
on
throughout
the
Army
much
to
the
same
effect
,
only
they
observed
the
Order
of
the
Parliament
in
directing
it
to
their
General
,
desiring
him
to
present
it
.
The
House
having
notice
of
this
Combination
against
them
from
Col.
Edward
Harley
,
one
of
their
Members
,
who
had
a
Regiment
in
the
Army
,
expressed
themselves
highly
dissatisfied
therewith
,
and
some
of
them
moved
that
the
Petitioners
might
be
declared
Traitors
,
alledging
that
they
were
Servants
,
who
ought
to
obey
,
not
capitulate
.
Others
were
not
wanting
,
who
resolved
the
securing
of
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
,
suspecting
that
he
had
under-hand
given
countenance
to
this
Design
;
but
he
being
advertised
of
it
,
went
that
Afternoon
towards
the
Army
,
so
that
they
missed
of
him
,
and
were
not
willing
to
shew
their
Teeth
since
they
could
do
no
more
.
The
Debate
continued
till
late
in
the
Night
,
and
the
Sense
of
the
House
was
,
that
they
should
be
required
to
forbear
the
prosecution
of
the
said
Petition
;
but
when
the
House
,
wearied
with
long
sitting
,
was
grown
thin
,
Mr.
Denzil
Hollis
,
taking
that
opportunity
,
drew
up
a
Resolution
upon
his
Knee
,
declaring
the
Petition
to
be
seditious
,
and
those
Traitors
who
should
endeavour
to
promote
it
after
such
a
day
,
and
promising
Pardon
to
all
that
were
concerned
therein
,
if
they
should
desist
by
the
time
limited
.
Some
of
us
fearing
the
Consequence
of
these
Divisions
,
expressed
our
Dissatisfaction
to
it
,
and
went
out
;
which
gave
them
occasion
to
pass
two
or
three
very
sharp
Votes
against
the
Proceedings
of
the
Army
.
The
Agitators
of
the
Army
sensible
of
their
Condition
,
and
knowing
that
they
must
fall
under
the
Mercy
of
the
Parliament
,
unless
they
could
secure
themselves
from
their
Power
by
prosecuting
what
they
had
begun
;
and
fearing
that
those
who
had
shewed
themselves
so
forward
to
close
with
the
King
,
out
of
Principle
,
upon
any
Terms
,
would
now
for
their
own
Preservation
receive
him
without
any
,
or
rather
put
themselves
under
his
Protection
,
that
they
might
the
better
subdue
the
Army
,
and
reduce
them
to
Obedience
by
Force
,
sent
a
Party
of
Horse
under
the
Command
of
Cornet
Joyce
,
on
the
4
th
of
June
,
1647.
with
an
Order
in
Writing
to
take
the
King
out
of
the
Hands
of
the
Commissioners
of
Parliament
.
The
Cornet
having
placed
Guards
about
Holmby-house
,
sent
to
acquaint
the
King
with
the
occasion
of
his
Coming
,
and
was
admitted
into
his
Bed-chamber
,
where
upon
Promise
that
the
King
should
be
used
civilly
,
and
have
his
Servants
and
other
Conveniences
continued
to
him
,
he
obtained
his
Consent
to
go
with
him
.
But
whilst
Cornet
Joyce
was
giving
Orders
concerning
the
King's
Removal
,
the
Parliament's
Commissioners
took
that
occasion
to
discourse
with
the
King
,
and
perswaded
him
to
alter
his
Resolution
:
which
Joyce
perceiving
at
his
Return
,
put
the
King
in
mind
of
his
Promise
,
acquainting
him
,
that
he
was
obliged
to
execute
his
Orders
;
whereupon
the
King
told
him
,
that
since
he
had
passed
his
Word
,
he
would
go
with
him
;
and
to
that
end
descending
the
Stairs
to
take
Horse
,
the
Commissioners
of
the
Parliament
being
with
him
,
Col.
Brown
and
Mr.
Crew
,
who
were
two
of
them
,
publickly
declared
,
that
the
King
was
forced
out
of
their
hands
;
and
so
returned
,
with
an
account
of
what
had
been
done
,
to
the
Parliament
.
The
King's
Officers
who
waited
on
him
were
continued
;
and
the
chief
Officers
of
the
Army
began
publickly
to
own
the
Design
,
pretending
thereby
to
keep
the
private
Souldiers
,
for
they
would
no
longer
be
called
Common
Souldiers
,
from
running
into
greater
Extravagancies
and
Disorders
.
Col.
Francis
Russell
and
others
,
attending
on
the
King
,
became
soon
converted
by
the
Splendor
of
his
Majesty
;
and
Sir
Robert
Pye
,
a
Colonel
in
the
Army
,
supplied
the
Place
of
a
Querry
,
riding
bare
before
him
when
he
rode
abroad
:
so
that
the
King
began
to
promise
to
himself
that
his
Condition
was
alatered
for
the
better
,
and
to
look
upon
the
Independent
Interest
as
more
consisting
with
Episcopacy
than
the
Presbyterian
,
for
that
it
could
subsist
under
any
Form
,
which
the
other
could
not
do
,
and
therefore
largely
promised
Liberty
to
the
Independent
Party
,
being
fully
perswaded
how
naturally
his
Power
would
revive
upon
his
Restitution
to
the
Throne
,
and
how
easy
it
would
be
for
him
to
break
through
all
such
Promises
and
Engagements
upon
pretence
that
he
was
under
a
Force
.
The
principal
Officers
of
the
Army
made
it
so
much
their
business
to
get
the
good
Opinion
of
the
King
,
that
Whalley
being
sent
from
them
with
Orders
to
use
all
means
but
Constraint
to
cause
him
to
return
to
Holmby
;
and
the
King
refusing
,
Whalley
was
contented
to
bring
him
to
the
Army
.
Yet
in
the
mean
time
a
Charge
of
High
Treason
was
drawn
up
by
the
Army
against
eleven
Members
of
the
House
of
Commons
,
who
were
Mr.
Denzil
Hollis
,
Sir
Philip
Stapylton
,
Sir
John
Clotworthy
,
Serjeant
Glyn
,
Mr.
Anthony
Nichols
,
Mr.
Walter
Long
,
Sir
William
Lewis
,
Col.
Edward
Harly
,
Commissary
Copley
,
Col.
Massey
,
and
Sir
John
Maynard
,
for
betraying
the
Cause
of
the
Parliament
,
endeavouring
to
break
and
destroy
the
Army
,
with
other
Particulars
.
This
Charge
they
accompanied
with
a
Declaration
,
shewing
the
Reasons
of
what
they
had
done
,
affirming
that
they
were
obliged
by
their
Duty
so
to
do
,
as
they
tendred
the
preservation
of
the
publick
Cause
,
and
securing
the
good
People
of
England
from
being
a
Prey
to
their
Enemies
.
The
great
end
of
this
Charge
of
Treason
being
rather
to
keep
these
Members
from
using
their
Power
with
the
Parliament
in
opposition
to
the
Proccedings
of
the
Army
,
than
from
any
Design
to
proceed
capitally
against
them
,
they
resolved
rather
to
withdraw
themselves
voluntarily
,
than
to
put
the
Parliament
or
Army
to
any
farther
Trouble
,
or
their
Persons
to
any
more
Hazard
.
By
these
means
the
Army
,
in
which
there
were
too
many
who
had
no
other
Design
but
the
Advancement
of
themselves
,
having
made
the
Parliament
,
the
Scots
,
and
the
City
of
London
their
Enemies
,
thought
it
convenient
to
enlarge
their
Concessions
to
the
King
,
giving
his
Chaplains
leave
to
come
to
him
,
and
to
officiate
in
their
way
,
which
had
been
denied
before
.
Whilst
this
Design
was
on
foot
,
I
went
down
to
their
Quarters
at
Maidenhead
,
to
visit
the
Officers
;
where
Commissary
General
Ireton
suspecting
that
these
things
might
occasion
Jealousies
of
them
in
me
and
others
of
their
Friends
in
Parliament
,
desired
me
to
be
assured
of
their
stedfast
Adherence
to
the
Publick
Interest
,
and
that
they
intended
only
to
dispense
with
such
things
as
were
not
material
,
in
order
to
quiet
the
restless
Spirits
of
the
Cavaliers
,
till
they
could
put
themselves
into
a
condition
of
serving
the
People
effectually
.
I
could
not
approve
of
their
Practices
;
but
many
of
the
chief
of
them
proceeding
in
the
way
they
had
begun
,
gave
out
,
that
the
Intentions
of
the
Officers
and
Souldiers
in
the
Army
,
were
to
establish
his
Majesty
in
his
just
Rights
.
The
News
of
this
being
brought
to
the
Queen
and
Prince
of
Wales
,
who
were
in
France
,
they
dispatched
Sir
Edward
Ford
,
Brother-in-law
to
Commissary
General
Ireton
,
into
England
,
to
found
the
Designs
of
the
Army
,
and
to
promote
an
Agreement
between
the
King
and
them
.
Soon
after
which
Mr.
John
Denham
was
sent
over
on
the
like
Errand
.
Sir
John
Barkley
also
upon
his
Return
to
the
Queen
from
Holland
,
where
he
had
been
ordered
to
condole
the
Death
of
the
Prince
of
Orange
,
came
into
England
by
the
same
Order
,
and
to
the
same
Purpose
.
It
was
in
his
Instructions
to
endeavour
to
procure
a
Pass
for
Mr.
John
Ashburnham
,
to
come
over
to
assist
him
in
his
Negotiation
;
which
,
with
many
other
Particulars
relating
to
this
Business
,
I
have
seen
in
a
Manuscript
written
by
Sir
John
Barkley
himself
,
and
left
in
the
Hands
of
a
Merchant
at
Geneva
.
Being
at
Diepe
in
order
to
embark
for
England
,
he
met
with
Mr.
William
Leg
,
who
was
of
the
Bed-chamber
to
the
King
;
and
they
two
came
over
together
into
England
.
They
landed
at
Hastings
,
and
being
on
their
way
towards
London
,
were
met
by
Sir
Allen
Appesley
,
who
had
been
Lieutenant
Governour
to
Sir
John
Barkley
at
Exeter
,
by
whom
he
understood
that
he
was
sent
to
him
from
Cromwell
and
some
other
Officers
of
the
Army
,
with
Letters
and
a
Cypher
,
as
also
particular
Instructions
to
desire
Sir
John
Barkley
to
remember
his
own
Discourse
at
a
Conference
with
Col.
Lambert
and
other
Officers
upon
the
Surrender
of
Exeter
,
wherein
he
had
taken
notice
of
the
bitter
Invectives
of
those
of
the
Army
against
the
King's
Person
;
and
presuming
that
such
Discourses
were
encouraged
in
order
to
prepare
Mens
Minds
to
receive
an
Alteration
of
the
Government
,
had
said
,
that
it
was
not
only
a
most
wicked
but
difficult
Undertaking
,
if
not
impossible
,
for
a
few
Men
,
not
of
the
greatest
Quality
,
to
introduce
a
Popular
Government
against
the
King
,
the
Presbyterians
,
the
Nobility
,
Gentry
,
and
the
Genius
of
the
Nation
,
accustomed
for
so
many
Ages
to
a
Monarchical
Government
;
advising
,
that
since
the
Presbyterians
,
who
had
begun
the
War
upon
divers
specious
Pretences
,
were
discovered
to
have
sought
their
own
Advantages
,
by
which
means
they
had
lost
almost
all
their
Power
and
Credit
;
the
Independent
Party
,
who
had
no
particular
Obligations
to
the
Crown
,
as
many
of
the
Presbyterians
had
,
would
make
good
what
the
Presbytery
had
only
pretended
to
,
and
restore
the
King
and
People
to
their
just
and
antient
Rights
;
to
which
they
were
obliged
both
by
Prudence
and
Interest
,
there
being
no
means
under
Heaven
more
likely
to
establish
themselves
,
and
to
obtain
as
much
Trust
and
Power
as
Subjects
are
capable
of
:
whereas
if
they
aimed
at
more
,
it
would
be
accompanied
with
a
general
Hatred
,
and
their
own
Destruction
.
He
had
Orders
also
to
let
him
know
,
that
tho
to
this
Discourse
of
his
they
then
gave
only
the
hearing
,
yet
they
had
since
found
by
Experience
,
that
all
,
or
the
most
part
of
it
was
reasonable
,
and
that
they
were
resolved
to
act
accordingly
,
as
might
be
perceived
by
what
had
already
passed
:
desiring
that
he
would
present
them
humbly
to
the
Queen
and
Prince
,
and
be
a
Suitor
to
them
in
their
Names
,
not
to
condemn
them
absolutely
,
but
to
suspend
their
Opinions
of
them
,
and
their
Intentions
,
till
their
future
Behaviour
had
made
full
Proof
of
their
Innocence
,
whereof
they
had
already
given
some
Testimonies
to
the
World
;
and
that
when
he
had
done
this
Office
,
he
would
return
to
England
,
and
be
an
Eye-witness
of
their
Proceedings
.
Thus
did
the
Army-Party
endeavour
to
fortify
their
Interest
against
the
Presbyterians
,
who
tho
they
were
very
much
weakened
by
the
Absence
of
the
eleven
Members
,
yet
not
to
be
altogether
wanting
to
themselves
,
passed
a
Vote
,
that
the
King
should
be
brought
to
Richmond
,
whither
he
was
inclined
to
go
,
having
conceived
a
Distrust
of
the
Army
,
grounded
chiefly
upon
the
Refusal
of
the
Officers
to
receive
any
Honours
or
Advantages
from
him
;
and
would
not
be
disswaded
from
this
Resolution
,
till
the
Army
had
obliged
the
Parliament
to
recal
their
Vote
.
After
which
he
insisted
upon
going
to
Windsor
,
much
against
the
Sense
of
the
Army
,
and
could
not
be
prevailed
with
to
pass
by
the
Army
in
his
way
thither
.
This
caused
them
to
suspect
that
he
hearkned
to
some
secret
Propositions
from
the
Presbyterians
,
and
designed
to
make
an
absolute
Breach
between
the
Parliament
and
the
Army
,
which
Commissary
General
Ireton
discerning
,
said
these
Words
to
him
;
Sir
,
you
have
an
Intention
to
be
Arbitrator
between
the
Parliament
and
us
,
and
we
mean
to
be
so
between
You
and
the
Parliament
.
But
the
King
finding
himself
courted
on
all
hands
,
became
so
confident
of
his
own
Interest
,
as
to
think
himself
able
to
turn
the
Scale
to
what
side
soever
he
pleased
.
In
this
Temper
Sir
John
Barkley
found
him
when
he
delivered
the
Queen's
Letters
to
him
,
which
he
did
,
after
leave
obtained
from
Cromwell
,
and
a
Confirmation
received
from
his
own
Mouth
of
what
had
been
communicated
before
to
him
by
Sir
Allen
Appesley
,
with
this
Addition
,
that
he
thought
no
Man
could
enjoy
his
Life
and
Estate
quietly
,
unless
the
King
had
his
Rights
,
which
he
said
they
had
already
declared
to
the
World
in
general
Terms
,
and
would
more
particularly
very
speedily
,
wherin
they
would
comprize
the
several
Interests
of
the
Royalists
,
Presbyterians
,
and
Independents
,
as
far
as
they
were
consistent
with
one
another
.
Sir
John
Barkley
endeavoured
to
perswade
the
King
,
that
it
was
necessary
for
him
,
who
was
now
in
the
Power
of
the
Army
,
to
dissemble
with
them
,
and
proposed
that
Mr.
Peters
might
preach
before
him
,
that
he
would
converse
freely
with
others
of
the
Army
,
and
gain
the
good
Opinion
of
the
Agitators
,
whose
Interest
he
perceived
to
be
very
great
amongst
them
.
But
this
Advice
made
no
Impression
upon
the
King
.
He
gave
him
also
a
relation
of
what
had
formerly
passed
between
himself
and
Cromwell
,
whom
he
met
near
Causum
,
when
the
Head-quarters
were
at
Reading
,
where
Cromwell
told
him
,
that
he
had
lately
seen
the
tenderest
Sight
that
ever
his
Eyes
beheld
,
which
was
the
Interview
between
the
King
and
his
Children
;
that
he
wept
plentifully
at
the
Remembrance
thereof
,
saying
,
that
never
Man
was
so
abused
as
he
in
his
sinister
Opinion
of
the
King
,
who
,
he
thought
,
was
the
most
upright
and
conscientious
of
his
Kingdom
:
that
they
of
the
Independent
Party
had
infinite
Obligations
to
him
,
for
not
consenting
to
the
Propositions
sent
to
him
at
Newcastle
,
which
would
have
totally
ruined
them
,
and
which
his
Majesty's
Interest
seemed
to
invite
him
to
;
concluding
with
this
Wish
,
that
God
would
be
pleased
to
look
upon
him
according
to
the
Sincerity
of
his
Heart
towards
the
King
.
With
this
relation
the
King
was
no
more
moved
than
with
the
rest
,
firmly
believing
such
Expressions
to
proceed
from
a
necessity
that
Cromwell
and
the
Army
had
of
him
,
without
whom
,
he
said
,
they
could
do
nothing
.
And
indeed
the
King
was
not
without
reason
of
that
Opinion
;
for
some
of
the
principal
Agitators
,
with
whom
Sir
John
Barkley
conversed
at
Reading
,
expressing
to
him
their
Jealousy
that
Cromwell
was
not
sincere
for
the
King
,
desired
of
him
,
that
if
he
found
him
false
,
to
acquaint
them
with
it
,
promising
that
they
would
endeavour
to
set
him
right
,
either
with
or
against
his
Will
.
Major
Huntington
,
a
Creature
of
Cromwell
,
and
therefore
entrusted
by
him
to
command
the
Guard
about
the
King
,
either
believing
him
to
be
in
earnest
in
his
Pretensions
to
serve
the
King
,
or
else
finding
the
King's
Affairs
in
a
rising
Condition
,
became
one
of
his
Confidents
,
and
by
Order
of
the
King
brought
two
General
Officers
to
Sir
John
Barkley
,
recommending
them
to
him
as
Persons
upon
whom
he
might
rely
:
these
two
had
frequent
Conferences
with
Sir
John
Barkley
,
and
assured
him
,
that
a
Conjunction
with
the
King
was
universally
desired
by
the
Officers
and
Agitators
,
and
that
Cromwell
and
Ireton
were
great
Dissemblers
if
they
were
not
real
in
it
;
but
that
the
Army
was
so
bent
upon
it
at
present
,
that
they
durst
not
shew
themselves
otherwise
;
protesting
that
however
things
might
happen
to
change
,
and
whatsoever
others
might
do
,
they
would
for
ever
continue
faithful
to
the
King
.
They
acquainted
him
also
,
that
Proposals
were
drawn
up
by
Ireton
,
wherein
Episcopacy
was
not
required
to
be
abolished
,
nor
any
of
the
King's
Party
wholly
ruined
,
nor
the
Militia
to
be
taken
away
from
the
Crown
;
advising
that
the
King
would
with
all
Expedition
agree
to
them
,
there
being
no
Assurance
of
the
Army
,
which
they
had
observed
already
to
have
changed
more
than
once
.
To
this
end
they
brought
him
to
Commissary
General
Ireton
,
with
whom
he
continued
all
Night
debating
upon
the
Proposals
before-mentioned
,
altering
two
of
the
Articles
,
as
he
saith
himself
in
the
Manuscript
,
in
the
most
material
Points
;
but
upon
his
endeavouring
to
alter
a
third
,
touching
the
Exclusion
of
seven
Persons
,
not
mentioned
in
the
Papers
,
from
Pardon
,
and
the
admission
of
the
King's
Party
to
sit
in
the
next
Parliament
,
Ireton
told
him
,
that
there
must
be
a
Distinction
made
between
the
Conquerors
and
those
that
had
been
beaten
,
and
that
he
himself
should
be
afraid
of
a
Parliament
where
the
King's
Party
had
the
major
Vote
:
In
Conclusion
,
conjuring
Sir
John
Barkley
,
as
he
tendred
the
King's
Welfare
,
to
endeavour
to
procure
his
Consent
to
the
Proposals
,
that
they
might
with
more
Confidence
be
offered
to
the
Parliament
,
and
all
Differences
accommodated
.
Cromwell
appeared
in
all
his
Conferences
with
Sir
John
Barkley
most
zealous
for
a
speedy
Agreement
with
the
King
,
insomuch
that
he
sometimes
complained
of
his
Son
Ireton's
Slowness
in
perfecting
the
Proposals
,
and
his
Unwillingness
to
come
up
to
his
Majesty's
Sense
:
at
other
times
he
would
wish
that
Sir
John
Barkley
would
act
more
frankly
,
and
not
tie
himself
up
by
narrow
Principles
;
always
affirming
,
that
he
doubted
the
Army
would
not
persist
in
their
good
Intentions
towards
the
King
.
During
these
Transactions
the
Army
marched
from
about
Reading
to
Bedford
,
and
the
King
with
his
usual
Guard
to
Woburn
,
a
House
belonging
to
the
Earl
of
Bedford
,
where
the
Proposals
of
the
Army
were
brought
to
him
to
peruse
before
they
were
offered
to
him
in
publick
.
He
was
much
displeased
with
them
in
general
,
saying
,
That
if
they
had
any
Intention
to
come
to
an
Accommodation
,
they
would
not
impose
such
Conditions
on
him
:
to
which
Sir
John
Barkley
,
who
brought
them
to
him
,
answered
,
That
he
should
rather
suspect
they
designed
to
abuse
him
,
if
they
had
demanded
less
,
there
being
no
appearance
that
Men
,
who
had
through
so
many
Dangers
and
Difficulties
acquired
such
Advantages
,
would
content
themselves
with
less
than
was
contained
in
the
said
Proposals
;
and
that
a
Crown
so
near
lost
was
never
recovered
so
easily
as
this
would
be
,
if
things
were
adjusted
upon
these
Terms
.
But
the
King
being
of
another
Opinion
,
replied
,
that
they
could
not
subsist
without
him
,
and
that
therefore
he
did
not
doubt
to
find
them
shortly
willing
to
condescend
farther
,
making
his
chief
Objections
against
the
three
following
Points
:
1.
The
Exclusion
of
seven
Persons
from
Pardon
.
2.
The
incapacitating
any
of
his
Party
from
being
elected
Members
of
the
next
ensuing
Parliament
.
3.
That
there
was
nothing
mentioned
concerning
Church-Government
.
To
the
first
it
was
answered
,
That
when
the
King
and
the
Army
were
agreed
,
it
would
not
be
impossible
to
make
them
remit
in
that
point
;
but
if
that
could
not
be
obtained
,
yet
when
the
King
was
restored
to
his
Power
,
he
might
easily
supply
seven
Persons
living
beyond
the
Seas
in
such
a
manner
as
to
make
their
Banishment
supportable
.
To
the
second
,
That
the
next
Parliament
would
be
necessitated
to
lay
great
Burdens
upon
the
People
,
and
that
it
would
be
a
Happiness
to
the
King's
Party
to
have
no
hand
therein
.
To
the
third
,
That
the
Law
was
Security
enough
for
the
Church
,
and
that
it
was
a
great
point
gained
,
to
reduce
Men
who
had
fought
against
it
,
to
be
wholly
silent
in
the
matter
.
But
the
King
breaking
away
from
them
,
said
,
Well
,
I
shall
see
them
glad
e're
long
to
accept
of
more
equal
Terms
.
About
this
time
Mr.
Ashburnham
arrived
,
to
the
King
's
great
Contentment
,
and
his
Instructions
referring
to
Sir
John
Barkley's
,
which
they
were
to
prosecute
jointly
,
Sir
John
gave
him
what
light
he
could
into
the
state
of
Affairs
:
but
he
soon
departed
from
the
Methods
proposed
by
Sir
John
Barkley
,
and
entirely
complying
with
the
King's
Humour
,
declared
openly
,
that
having
always
used
the
best
Company
,
he
could
not
converse
with
such
sensless
Fellows
as
the
Agitators
;
that
if
the
Officers
could
be
gained
,
there
was
no
doubt
but
they
would
be
able
to
command
their
own
Army
,
and
that
he
was
resolved
to
apply
himself
wholly
to
them
.
Upon
this
there
grew
a
great
Familiarity
between
him
and
Whalley
,
who
commanded
the
Guard
that
waited
on
the
King
,
and
not
long
after
a
close
Correspondence
with
Cromwell
and
Ireton
,
Messages
daily
passing
from
the
King
to
the
Head-quarters
.
With
these
Encouragements
and
others
from
the
Presbyterian
Party
,
the
Lord
Lauderdale
and
divers
of
the
City
of
London
assuring
the
King
,
that
they
would
oppose
the
Army
to
the
Death
,
he
seemed
so
much
elevated
,
that
when
the
Proposals
were
sent
to
him
,
and
his
Concurrence
humbly
desired
,
he
,
to
the
great
Astonishment
not
only
of
Ireton
and
the
Army
,
but
even
of
his
own
Party
,
entertained
them
with
very
sharp
and
bitter
Language
,
saying
,
That
no
Man
should
suffer
for
his
sake
;
and
that
he
repented
him
of
nothing
so
much
as
that
he
passed
the
Bill
against
the
Earl
of
Strafford
:
which
tho
it
must
be
confessed
to
have
been
an
unworthy
Act
in
him
,
all
things
considered
,
yet
was
it
no
less
imprudent
in
that
manner
,
and
at
that
time
,
to
mention
it
;
and
that
he
would
have
the
Church
established
according
to
Law
by
the
Proposals
.
To
which
those
of
the
Army
replied
,
that
it
was
not
their
Work
to
do
it
,
and
that
they
thought
it
sufficient
for
them
to
wave
the
point
;
and
they
hoped
for
the
King
too
,
he
having
already
consented
to
the
abolition
of
the
Episcopal
Government
in
Scotland
.
The
King
said
,
that
he
hoped
God
had
forgiven
him
that
Sin
,
repeating
frequently
these
or
the
like
words
;
You
cannot
be
without
me
;
You
will
fall
to
Ruin
if
I
do
not
sustain
you
.
This
manner
of
Carriage
from
the
King
being
observed
with
the
utmost
Amazement
by
many
Officers
of
the
Army
who
were
present
,
and
at
least
in
appearance
were
Promoters
of
the
Agreement
,
Sir
John
Barkley
taking
notice
of
it
,
looked
with
much
wonder
upon
the
King
,
and
stepping
to
him
,
said
in
his
Ear
,
Sir
,
you
speak
as
if
you
had
some
secret
Strength
and
Power
which
I
do
not
know
of
;
and
since
you
have
concealed
it
from
me
,
I
wish
you
had
done
it
from
these
Men
also
.
Whereupon
the
King
began
to
recollect
himself
,
and
to
soften
his
former
Discourse
;
but
it
was
too
late
,
for
Col.
Rainsborough
,
who
of
all
the
Army
seemed
the
least
to
desire
an
Agreement
,
having
observed
these
Passages
,
went
out
from
the
Conference
,
and
hastned
to
the
Army
,
informing
them
what
Entertainment
their
Commissioners
and
Proposals
had
found
with
the
King
.
Sir
John
Barkley
being
desirous
to
allay
this
heat
,
demanded
of
Ireton
and
the
rest
of
the
Officers
what
they
would
do
if
the
King
should
consent
:
By
whom
it
was
answered
,
that
they
would
offer
them
to
the
Parliament
for
their
Approbation
.
The
King
having
thus
bid
defiance
to
the
Army
,
thought
it
necessary
to
bend
all
his
Force
against
them
,
and
especially
to
strengthen
their
Enemies
in
the
Parliament
.
To
this
end
a
Petition
was
contrived
to
press
them
to
a
speedy
Agreement
with
the
King
,
and
presented
in
a
most
tumultuous
manner
by
great
numbers
of
Apprentices
and
Rabble
,
back'd
and
encouraged
by
many
dismissed
and
disaffected
Officers
who
joined
with
them
.
Whilst
the
Two
Houses
were
in
Debate
what
Answer
to
give
to
this
insolent
Multitude
,
some
of
them
getting
to
the
Windows
of
the
House
of
Lords
,
threw
Stones
in
upon
them
,
and
threatned
them
with
worse
Usage
,
unless
they
gave
them
an
Answer
to
their
liking
:
Others
knocked
at
the
door
of
the
House
of
Commons
,
requiring
to
be
admitted
;
but
some
of
us
with
our
Swords
forced
them
to
retire
for
the
present
;
and
the
House
resolved
to
rise
without
giving
any
Answer
,
judging
it
below
them
to
do
any
thing
by
compulsion
.
Whereupon
the
Speaker
went
out
of
the
House
,
but
being
in
the
Lobby
,
was
forced
back
into
the
Chair
by
the
Violence
of
the
insolent
Rabble
;
whereof
above
a
thousand
attended
without
doors
,
and
about
forty
or
fifty
were
got
into
the
House
.
So
that
it
was
thought
convenient
to
give
way
to
their
Rage
,
and
the
Speaker
demanding
what
Question
they
desired
to
be
put
,
they
answered
,
That
the
King
should
be
desired
to
come
to
London
forth
with
:
which
Question
being
put
,
they
were
asked
again
what
further
they
would
have
;
they
said
,
That
he
should
be
invited
to
come
with
Honour
,
Freedom
and
Sasety
:
to
both
which
I
gave
a
loud
Negative
,
and
some
of
the
Members
as
loud
an
Affirmative
,
rather
out
of
a
prudential
Compliance
than
any
Affection
to
the
Design
on
foot
.
By
these
Votes
,
and
the
coming
down
of
divers
well-affected
Citizens
to
appease
them
,
the
Tumult
was
somewhat
allayed
,
and
the
Members
of
Parliament
with
their
Speaker
passed
through
the
Multitude
safely
.
The
next
Morning
I
advised
with
Sir
Arthur
Haslerig
and
others
,
what
was
fittest
to
be
done
in
this
Conjuncture
;
and
it
was
concluded
,
that
we
could
not
sit
in
Parliament
without
apparent
Hazard
of
our
Lives
,
till
we
had
a
Guard
for
our
Defence
,
it
being
manifestly
the
Design
of
the
other
Party
either
to
drive
us
away
,
or
to
destroy
us
.
Therefore
we
resolved
to
betake
our selves
to
the
Army
for
Protection
,
Sir
Arthur
Haslerig
undertaking
to
perswade
the
Speaker
to
go
thither
,
to
which
he
consented
with
some
Difficulty
;
and
having
caused
a
thousand
Pounds
to
be
thrown
into
his
Coach
,
went
down
to
the
Army
,
which
lay
then
at
Windsor
,
Maidenhead
,
Colebrook
,
and
the
adjacent
Places
.
Having
acquainted
as
many
of
our
Friends
as
I
could
,
with
our
Resolution
to
repair
to
the
Army
,
I
went
down
;
and
the
next
day
,
being
the
same
to
which
the
Parliament
had
adjourned
themselves
,
the
Army
rendezvouzed
upon
Hownslow-heath
,
where
those
Members
of
Parliament
,
as
well
Lords
as
Commons
,
who
could
not
with
Safety
stay
at
Westminster
,
appeared
in
the
Head
of
them
,
at
which
the
Army
expressed
great
Joy
,
declaring
themselves
resolved
to
live
and
die
with
them
.
At
night
the
Earl
of
Northumberland
,
the
Lord
Say
,
the
Lord
Wharton
,
and
other
Lords
;
the
Speaker
and
Members
of
the
House
of
Commons
aforesaid
,
with
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
,
and
many
principal
Officers
of
the
Army
,
met
at
Sion-house
to
consult
what
was
most
advisable
to
do
in
that
Juncture
;
which
whilst
they
were
doing
,
an
Account
was
brought
of
the
Proceedings
of
those
at
Westminster
that
day
,
by
the
Serjeant
of
the
House
,
who
came
with
his
Mace
,
to
the
no
little
Satisfaction
of
the
Speaker
.
He
acquainted
them
,
that
the
remaining
Members
being
met
in
the
House
of
Commons
,
had
for
some
time
attended
the
coming
of
their
Speaker
;
but
being
informed
that
he
was
gone
to
the
Army
,
they
had
made
choice
of
one
Mr.
Pelham
a
Lawyer
,
and
Member
of
the
House
,
to
be
their
Speaker
:
After
which
they
had
appointed
a
Committee
of
Lords
and
Commons
to
join
with
the
Directors
of
the
Militia
of
London
,
in
order
to
raise
Forces
for
the
Defence
of
the
Parliament
;
the
Success
of
which
Attempt
they
desired
to
see
before
they
would
declare
against
the
Army
.
To
this
end
Massey
,
Pointz
,
Brown
,
and
Sir
William
Waller
,
encouraged
by
the
Common
Council
,
and
others
,
who
by
various
Artifices
had
been
corrupted
,
used
all
possible
Diligence
to
list
Men
,
and
prepare
a
Force
to
oppose
the
Army
;
but
their
Proceedings
therein
were
much
obstructed
by
divers
honest
Citizens
,
who
importunately
solicited
them
to
treat
with
the
Army
,
and
also
by
the
News
of
the
General
Rendezvouz
upon
Hounslow-heath
.
Tho
the
Lords
had
been
removed
from
the
Command
of
the
Army
,
yet
it
was
manifest
that
their
Influence
there
still
continued
;
partly
from
a
desire
of
some
great
Officers
to
oblige
them
,
and
partly
from
the
Ambition
of
others
to
be
of
their
Number
,
who
to
shew
their
earnest
Desires
to
serve
the
King
,
being
morally
assured
the
Parliament
and
City
were
likely
to
be
shortly
in
the
Power
of
the
Army
,
who
might
be
induced
to
take
other
Counsels
in
relation
to
the
King
,
upon
such
Success
,
especially
considering
his
late
Carriage
towards
them
;
they
sent
an
Express
to
Sir
John
Barkley
and
Mr.
Ashburnham
,
advising
,
that
since
the
King
would
not
yield
to
their
Proposals
,
that
he
would
send
a
kind
Letter
to
the
Army
,
before
it
were
known
that
London
would
submit
.
Whereupon
a
Letter
was
prepared
immediately
;
but
the
King
would
not
sign
it
,
till
after
three
or
four
Debates
,
which
lost
one
whole
day's
time
:
At
last
Mr.
Ashburnham
and
Sir
John
Barkley
going
with
it
,
met
with
Messengers
from
the
Officers
to
hasten
it
.
But
before
they
could
come
to
Sion-house
the
Commissioners
from
London
were
arrived
,
and
the
Letter
out
of
season
.
For
coming
after
it
was
known
with
what
Difficulty
it
had
been
obtained
,
and
that
Matters
were
like
to
be
adjusted
between
the
Parliament
and
Army
,
it
lost
both
its
Grace
and
Efficacy
.
Notwithstanding
all
which
the
Officers
being
resolved
to
do
what
they
could
,
proposed
,
whilst
the
Army
was
in
the
very
Act
of
giving
Thanks
for
their
Success
,
that
they
should
not
be
too
much
elevated
therewith
,
but
keep
still
to
their
former
Engagement
to
the
King
,
and
once
more
solemnly
vote
the
Proposals
,
which
was
done
accordingly
.
The
face
of
Affairs
in
the
City
was
at
this
time
very
various
,
according
to
the
different
Advices
they
received
;
for
upon
the
Report
of
the
Advance
of
the
Army
,
and
the
taking
of
some
of
their
Scouts
,
they
cried
out
,
Treat
,
Treat
:
And
at
another
time
being
informed
that
Men
listed
in
great
numbers
,
the
word
was
,
Live
and
die
,
Live
and
die
:
but
when
Southwark
had
let
in
part
of
the
Army
,
and
joined
with
them
,
they
returned
to
the
former
Cry
of
Treat
,
Treat
:
to
which
the
Lord
Mayor
,
Aldermen
,
and
Common
Council
consenting
,
were
ready
to
admit
the
Army
as
Friends
,
being
not
able
to
oppose
them
as
Enemies
,
and
afterwards
to
attend
those
Members
who
had
retired
to
the
Army
,
being
in
all
about
a
hundred
,
to
the
Parliament
.
Having
resumed
our
Places
in
the
House
,
as
many
of
the
eleven
Members
as
had
returned
to
act
,
immediately
withdrew
;
and
Pointz
with
other
reduced
Officers
,
who
had
endeavoured
to
form
a
Body
against
the
Army
,
fled
.
But
we
had
other
Difficulties
to
encounter
:
for
tho
that
Vote
by
which
the
Petition
of
the
Army
was
declared
seditious
,
and
those
guilty
of
Treason
,
who
should
prosecute
the
same
after
such
a
day
,
was
razed
out
of
the
Journal
;
yet
by
reason
that
the
bulk
of
the
opposite
Party
was
left
still
in
the
House
,
the
Militia
of
London
could
not
be
changed
without
much
Difficulty
,
and
some
other
Votes
of
great
Consequence
could
not
be
altered
at
all
.
However
the
Parliament
appointed
a
Committee
to
inquire
into
the
late
Force
that
was
put
upon
them
;
who
having
made
their
Report
,
Sir
John
Maynard
was
impeached
,
and
Recorder
Glyn
,
with
Mr.
Clement
Walker
and
others
,
imprisoned
.
A
day
or
two
after
the
Restitution
of
the
Parliament
,
the
Army
marched
through
the
City
without
offering
the
least
Violence
,
promising
to
shew
themselves
faithful
to
the
Publick
Interest
;
but
their
Actions
furnished
occasion
to
suspect
them
,
particularly
their
discountenancing
the
Adjutators
,
who
had
endured
the
Heat
of
the
day
:
the
free
Access
of
all
Cavaliers
to
the
King
at
Hampton-Court
,
and
the
publick
Speeches
made
for
the
King
by
the
great
Officers
of
the
Army
in
a
Council
of
War
held
at
Putney
,
some
of
that
Party
taking
the
same
liberty
in
the
House
of
Commons
,
where
one
of
them
publickly
said
,
That
he
thought
God
had
hitherto
blasted
our
Counsels
,
because
we
had
dealt
so
severely
with
the
Cavaliers
.
These
things
caused
many
in
the
Army
who
thought
themselves
abused
and
cheated
,
to
complain
to
the
Council
of
Adjutators
,
against
the
Intimacy
of
Sir
John
Barkley
and
Mr.
Ashburnham
with
the
chief
Officers
of
the
Army
,
affirming
,
that
the
doors
of
Cromwell
and
Ireton
were
open
to
them
when
they
were
shut
to
those
of
the
Army
.
Cromwell
was
much
offended
with
these
Discourses
,
and
acquainted
the
King's
Party
with
them
,
telling
Mr.
Ashburnham
and
Sir
John
Barkley
,
that
if
he
were
an
honest
Man
,
he
had
said
enough
of
the
Sincerity
of
his
Intentions
;
and
if
he
were
not
,
that
nothing
was
enough
;
and
therefore
conjured
them
,
as
they
tendred
the
King's
Service
,
not
to
come
so
frequently
to
his
Quarters
,
but
to
send
privately
to
him
,
the
Suspicion
of
him
being
grown
so
great
,
that
he
was
afraid
to
lie
in
them
himself
.
This
had
no
effect
upon
Mr.
Ashburnham
,
who
said
,
that
he
must
shew
them
the
necessity
of
complying
with
the
King
,
from
their
own
Disorders
.
About
three
Weeks
after
the
Army
entred
London
,
the
Scots
prevailed
with
the
Parliament
to
address
themselves
again
to
the
King
,
which
was
performed
in
the
old
Propositions
of
Newcastle
,
some
Particulars
relating
to
the
Scots
only
excepted
.
The
King
advising
with
some
about
him
concerning
this
Matter
,
it
was
concluded
to
be
unsafe
for
him
to
close
with
the
Enemies
of
the
Army
whilst
he
was
in
it
.
Whereupon
the
King
refused
the
Articles
,
and
desired
a
Personal
Treaty
.
The
Officers
of
the
Army
having
seen
his
Answer
before
it
was
sent
,
seemed
much
satisfied
with
it
,
and
promised
to
use
their
utmost
Endeavours
to
procure
a
Personal
Treaty
,
Cromwell
,
Ireton
,
and
many
of
their
Party
in
the
House
pressing
the
King's
Desires
with
great
Earnestness
;
wherein
,
contrary
to
their
Expectations
,
they
found
a
vigorous
Opposition
from
such
as
had
already
conceived
a
Jealousy
of
their
private
Agreement
with
the
King
,
and
were
now
confirmed
in
that
Opinion
;
and
the
Suspicions
of
them
grew
to
be
so
strong
,
that
they
were
accounted
Betrayers
of
the
Cause
,
and
lost
almost
all
their
Friends
in
the
Parliament
.
The
Army
that
lay
then
about
Putney
were
no
less
dissatisfied
with
their
Conduct
,
of
which
they
were
daily
informed
by
those
that
came
to
them
from
London
;
so
that
the
Adjutators
began
to
change
their
Discourse
,
and
to
complain
openly
in
Council
,
both
of
the
King
and
the
Malignants
about
him
,
saying
,
that
since
the
King
had
rejected
their
Proposals
,
they
were
not
engaged
any
further
to
him
,
and
that
they
were
now
to
consult
their
own
Safety
and
the
Publick
Good
:
that
having
the
Power
devolved
upon
them
by
the
Decision
of
the
Sword
,
to
which
both
Parties
had
appealed
,
and
being
convinced
that
Monarchy
was
inconsistent
with
the
Prosperity
of
the
Nation
,
they
resolved
to
use
their
Endeavours
to
reduce
the
Government
of
England
to
the
Form
of
a
Commonwealth
.
These
Proceedings
strook
so
great
a
Terror
into
Cromwell
and
Ireton
,
that
they
thought
it
necessary
to
draw
the
Army
to
a
general
Rendezvouz
,
pretending
to
engage
them
to
adhere
to
their
former
Proposals
to
the
King
;
but
indeed
to
bring
the
Army
into
subjection
to
them
and
their
Party
,
that
so
they
might
make
their
bargain
by
them
;
designing
,
if
they
could
carry
this
point
at
the
Rendezvouz
,
to
dismiss
the
Council
of
Adjutators
,
to
divide
the
Army
,
and
to
send
those
to
the
most
remote
Places
who
were
most
opposite
to
them
,
retaining
near
them
such
only
as
were
fit
for
their
purpose
.
This
Design
being
discovered
by
the
Adjutators
,
amongst
whom
Col.
Rainsborough
had
the
principal
Interest
,
they
used
all
possible
Industry
to
prevent
the
general
Muster
which
was
appointed
to
be
at
Ware
;
supposing
the
Separation
thereupon
intended
to
be
contrary
to
the
Agreement
made
upon
taking
the
King
out
of
the
hands
of
the
Parliament
,
and
destructive
to
the
Ends
which
they
thought
it
their
Duty
to
promote
.
In
the
mean
time
Cromwell
having
acquainted
the
King
with
his
Danger
,
protesting
to
him
,
that
it
was
not
in
his
Power
to
undertake
for
his
Security
in
the
Place
where
he
was
,
assuring
him
of
his
real
Service
,
and
desiring
the
Lord
to
deal
with
him
and
his
according
to
the
Sincerity
of
his
Heart
towards
the
King
,
prepared
himself
to
act
his
part
at
the
General
Rendezvouz
.
The
King
being
doubtful
what
to
do
in
this
Conjuncture
,
was
advised
by
some
to
go
privately
to
London
,
and
appear
in
the
House
of
Lords
:
to
which
it
was
answered
,
That
the
Army
being
Masters
of
the
City
and
Parliament
,
would
undoubtedly
seize
the
King
there
;
and
if
there
should
be
any
Blood
shed
in
his
Defence
,
he
would
be
accused
of
beginning
a
new
War
.
Others
counselled
him
to
secure
his
Person
by
quitting
the
Kingdom
.
Against
which
the
King
objected
,
that
the
Rendezvouz
being
appointed
for
the
next
Week
,
he
was
not
willing
to
quit
the
Army
till
that
was
passed
;
because
if
the
superiour
Officers
prevailed
,
they
would
be
able
to
make
good
their
Engagement
;
if
not
,
they
must
apply
themselves
to
him
for
their
own
Security
.
The
Scots
Commissioners
also
who
had
been
long
tampering
with
him
,
took
hold
of
this
Opportunity
to
perswade
him
to
come
to
their
Terms
,
by
augmenting
his
Fears
as
much
as
they
could
.
It
was
also
proposed
,
that
he
should
conceal
himself
in
England
;
but
that
was
thought
unsafe
,
if
not
impossible
.
Some
there
were
who
proposed
his
going
to
Jersey
,
which
was
then
kept
for
him
;
but
the
King
being
told
by
the
Earl
of
Lanerick
,
that
the
Ships
provided
by
Sir
John
Barkley
for
that
purpose
had
been
discovered
and
seized
,
tho
Sir
John
affirms
in
his
Papers
that
none
were
provided
,
that
Design
was
laid
aside
.
At
last
the
King
resolved
to
go
to
the
Isle
of
Wight
,
being
,
as
is
most
probable
,
recommended
thither
by
Cromwell
,
who
,
as
well
as
the
King
,
had
a
good
Opinion
of
Col.
Hammond
the
Governour
there
.
To
this
end
the
King
sent
Mr.
William
Leg
to
Sir
John
Barkley
and
Mr.
Ashburnham
,
requiring
them
to
assist
him
in
his
Escape
;
and
Horses
were
laid
at
Sutton
in
Hampshire
to
that
purpose
.
On
the
day
following
Sir
John
Barkley
and
Mr.
Ashburnham
waiting
with
Horses
,
the
King
with
Mr.
Leg
came
out
towards
the
Evening
,
and
being
mounted
they
designed
to
ride
through
the
Forest
,
having
the
King
for
their
Guide
;
but
they
lost
the
way
;
so
that
the
Night
proving
dark
and
stormy
,
and
the
Ways
very
bad
,
they
could
not
reach
Sutton
before
break
of
day
,
tho
they
hoped
to
have
been
there
three
hours
before
.
At
Sutton
they
were
informed
that
a
Committee
of
the
County
was
there
sitting
by
Order
of
the
Parliament
;
which
when
the
King
heard
,
he
passed
by
that
Place
,
and
continued
his
way
towards
Southampton
,
attended
only
by
Mr.
Leg
,
and
went
to
a
House
of
the
Earl
of
Southampton
at
Titchfield
,
having
sent
Sir
John
Barkley
and
Mr.
Ashburnham
to
Col.
Hammond
,
Governour
of
the
Isle
of
Wight
,
with
a
Copy
of
the
Letter
left
upon
the
Table
in
his
Chamber
at
Hampton-Court
,
and
two
other
Letters
which
he
had
lately
received
,
one
of
them
without
a
Name
,
expressing
great
Fears
and
Apprehensions
of
the
ill
Intentions
of
the
Commonwealth-Party
against
the
King
.
The
other
from
Cromwell
,
much
to
the
same
purpose
,
with
this
Addition
,
that
in
prosecution
thereof
,
a
new
Guard
was
designed
the
next
day
to
be
placed
about
the
King
,
consisting
of
Men
of
that
Party
.
He
also
sent
by
them
a
Letter
to
Col.
Hammond
,
wherein
after
he
had
expressed
his
Distrust
of
the
Levelling
Part
of
the
Army
,
as
he
termed
it
,
and
the
necessity
lying
upon
him
to
provide
for
his
own
Safety
,
he
assured
him
,
that
he
did
not
intend
to
desert
the
Interest
of
the
Army
,
ordering
his
two
Messengers
to
acquaint
him
,
that
of
all
the
Army
the
King
had
chosen
to
put
himself
upon
him
,
whom
he
knew
to
be
a
Person
of
a
good
Extraction
,
and
tho
engaged
against
him
in
the
War
,
yet
without
any
Animosity
to
his
Person
,
to
which
he
was
informed
he
had
no
Aversion
:
that
he
did
not
think
it
fit
to
surprize
him
,
and
therefore
had
sent
the
two
Persons
before-mentioned
to
advertise
him
of
his
Intentions
,
and
to
desire
his
Promise
to
protect
the
King
and
his
Servants
to
the
best
of
his
Power
;
and
if
it
should
happen
that
he
was
not
able
to
do
it
,
then
to
oblige
himself
to
leave
them
in
as
good
a
Condition
as
he
found
them
.
Being
ready
to
depart
with
these
Instructions
,
Sir
John
Barkley
said
to
the
King
,
that
having
no
knowledg
of
the
Governour
,
he
could
not
tell
whether
he
might
not
detain
them
in
the
Island
,
and
therefore
advised
,
if
they
returned
not
the
next
day
,
that
he
would
think
no
more
of
them
,
but
secure
his
own
Escape
.
Towards
Evening
they
arrived
at
Limmington
,
but
could
not
pass
by
reason
of
a
violent
Storm
.
The
next
Morning
they
got
over
to
the
Island
,
and
went
directly
to
Carisbrook-Castle
,
the
Residence
of
the
Governour
,
where
they
were
told
that
he
was
gone
towards
Newport
.
Upon
this
notice
they
rode
after
,
and
having
overtaken
and
acquainted
him
with
their
Message
,
he
grew
pale
,
and
fell
into
such
a
trembling
,
that
it
was
thought
he
would
have
fallen
from
his
Horse
.
In
this
Consternation
he
continued
about
an
hour
,
breaking
out
sometimes
into
passionate
and
distracted
Expressions
,
saying
,
O
Gentlemen
,
you
have
undone
me
in
bringing
the
King
into
the
Island
,
if
at
least
you
have
brought
him
;
and
if
you
have
not
,
I
pray
let
him
not
come
:
for
what
between
my
Duty
to
the
King
,
and
Gratitude
to
him
upon
this
fresh
Obligation
of
Confidence
,
and
the
Discharge
of
my
Trust
to
the
Army
,
I
shall
be
confounded
.
Upon
this
they
took
occasion
to
tell
him
,
that
the
King
intended
a
Favour
to
him
and
his
Posterity
,
in
giving
him
this
Opportunity
to
lay
a
great
Obligation
upon
him
,
and
such
as
was
very
consistent
with
his
relation
to
the
Army
,
who
had
solemnly
engaged
themselves
to
the
King
;
but
if
he
thought
otherwise
,
the
King
would
be
far
from
imposing
his
Person
upon
him
:
but
,
said
the
Governour
,
if
the
King
should
come
to
any
Mischance
,
what
would
the
Army
and
the
King
say
to
him
that
had
refused
to
receive
him
?
To
which
they
answered
,
that
he
had
not
refused
him
who
was
not
come
to
him
.
Then
beginning
to
speak
more
calmly
,
he
desired
to
know
where
the
King
was
,
and
wished
that
he
had
absolutely
thrown
himself
upon
him
,
which
made
the
two
Gentlemen
suspect
that
the
Governour
was
not
for
their
turn
;
but
Mr.
Ashburnham
fearing
what
would
become
of
the
King
if
he
should
be
discovered
before
he
had
gained
this
point
,
took
the
Governour
aside
,
and
after
some
Conference
prevailed
with
him
to
declare
,
That
he
did
believe
the
King
relied
on
him
as
a
Person
of
Honour
and
Honesty
,
and
therefore
he
did
engage
himself
to
perform
whatsoever
could
be
expected
from
a
Person
so
qualified
.
Mr.
Ashburnham
replied
,
I
will
ask
no
more
:
Then
said
the
Governour
,
Let
us
all
go
to
the
King
,
and
acquaint
him
with
it
.
When
they
came
to
Cowes-Castle
,
where
a
Boat
lay
to
carry
them
over
,
Col.
Hammond
took
Capt.
Basket
the
Governour
of
that
Castle
with
him
,
and
gave
order
for
a
File
or
two
of
Musqueteers
to
follow
them
in
another
Boat
.
When
they
came
to
the
Earl
of
Southampton's
House
,
Mr.
Ashburnham
leaving
Sir
John
Barkley
below
with
Col.
Hammond
and
Capt.
Basket
,
went
up
to
the
King
,
and
having
given
an
Account
of
what
had
passed
between
the
Governour
and
them
,
and
that
he
was
come
with
them
to
make
good
what
he
had
promised
;
the
King
striking
his
Hand
upon
his
Breast
,
said
,
What
have
you
brought
Hammond
with
you
?
O
you
have
undone
me
;
for
I
am
by
this
means
made
fast
from
stirring
.
Mr.
Ashburnham
then
told
him
,
that
if
he
mistrusted
Hammond
,
he
would
undertake
to
secure
him
.
To
which
the
King
replied
,
I
understand
you
well
enough
;
but
if
I
should
follow
that
Counsel
,
it
would
be
said
and
believed
,
that
he
ventured
his
Life
for
me
,
and
that
I
had
unworthily
taken
it
from
him
:
Telling
him
further
,
That
it
was
now
too
late
to
think
upon
any
thing
but
going
through
the
way
he
had
forced
him
upon
,
wondering
how
he
could
make
so
great
an
Oversight
:
At
which
Expression
Mr.
Ashburnham
having
no
more
to
say
,
wept
bitterly
.
In
the
mean
time
Col.
Hammond
and
Capt.
Basket
beginning
to
be
impatient
of
their
long
Attendance
below
in
the
Court
,
Sir
John
Barkley
sent
a
Gentleman
of
the
Earl
of
Southampton's
,
to
desire
that
the
King
and
Mr.
Ashburnham
would
remember
that
they
were
below
.
About
half
an
hour
after
the
King
sent
for
them
up
,
and
before
Col.
Hammond
and
Capt.
Basket
had
kissed
the
King's
Hand
,
he
took
Sir
John
Barkley
aside
,
and
said
to
him
;
Sir
John
,
I
hope
you
are
not
so
passionate
as
Jack
Ashburnham
:
Do
you
think
you
have
followed
my
Directions
?
He
answered
,
No
indeed
;
but
it
is
not
my
Fault
,
as
Mr.
Ashburnham
can
tell
you
,
if
he
please
.
The
King
perceiving
that
it
was
now
too
late
to
take
other
measures
,
received
Col.
Hammond
cheerfully
,
who
having
repeated
to
him
what
he
had
promised
before
,
conducted
them
over
to
Cowes
.
The
next
Morning
the
King
went
with
the
Governour
to
Carisbrook
,
and
on
the
way
thither
was
met
by
divers
Gentlemen
of
the
Island
,
by
whom
he
understood
that
the
whole
Island
was
unanimously
for
him
,
except
the
Governours
of
the
Castles
,
and
Col.
Hammond's
Captains
;
that
Hammond
might
be
easily
gained
,
if
not
more
easily
forced
,
the
Castle
being
day
and
night
full
of
the
King's
Party
;
and
that
the
King
might
chuse
his
own
time
of
quitting
the
Island
,
having
liberty
to
ride
abroad
daily
:
So
that
not
only
the
King
and
those
that
were
with
him
,
but
also
his
whole
Party
,
approved
of
the
Choice
which
he
had
made
.
The
King
and
Mr.
Ashburnham
applied
themselves
to
the
Governour
with
so
good
Success
,
that
he
and
those
with
him
seemed
to
desire
nothing
more
of
the
King
than
to
send
a
civil
Message
to
both
Houses
,
signifying
his
Propensity
to
Peace
,
which
was
done
accordingly
.
No
sooner
was
the
King's
Escape
taken
notice
of
by
the
Guards
,
but
Col.
Whalley
hastened
to
the
Parliament
with
the
Letter
which
the
King
had
left
upon
his
Table
,
shewing
the
Reasons
of
his
withdrawing
,
and
his
Resolution
not
to
desert
the
Interest
of
the
Army
;
and
tho
it
was
visible
that
the
King
made
his
Escape
by
the
Advice
of
Cromwell
,
and
therefore
in
all
appearance
with
the
Consent
of
Whalley
,
yet
he
pretended
for
his
Excuse
to
the
Parliament
,
that
Mr.
Ashburnham
had
broken
his
Engagement
to
him
at
his
first
coming
to
Woburn
,
whereby
he
had
undertaken
that
the
King
should
not
leave
the
Army
without
his
Knowledg
and
Consent
.
Upon
this
Advice
the
Parliament
declared
it
Treason
for
any
Person
to
conceal
the
King
;
but
the
manner
of
his
Escape
being
soon
after
discovered
,
and
that
he
had
put
himself
into
the
hands
of
the
Governour
of
the
Isle
of
Wight
,
they
sent
a
Messenger
to
the
Island
for
Mr.
Ashburnham
,
Sir
John
Barkley
,
and
Mr.
Leg
,
but
the
Governour
refused
to
deliver
them
.
The
time
for
the
General
Rendezvouz
of
the
Army
being
now
come
,
the
Commonwealth
Party
amongst
them
declared
to
stand
to
their
Engagement
,
not
to
be
dispersed
till
the
things
they
had
demanded
were
effected
,
and
the
Government
of
the
Nation
established
:
to
make
good
which
Resolution
several
Regiments
appeared
in
the
Field
with
distinguishing
Marks
in
their
Hats
:
But
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
not
contenting
himself
with
his
part
in
an
equal
Government
,
puffed
up
by
his
Successes
to
an
expectation
of
greater
things
,
and
having
driven
a
bargain
with
the
Grandees
in
the
House
,
either
to
comply
with
the
King
,
or
to
settle
things
in
a
factious
way
without
him
,
procured
a
Party
to
stand
by
him
in
the
seizing
some
of
those
who
appeared
at
the
Rendezvouz
in
opposition
to
his
Designs
.
To
this
end
,
being
accompanied
with
divers
Officers
whom
he
had
preferred
,
and
by
that
means
made
his
Creatures
,
he
rode
up
to
one
of
the
Regiments
which
had
the
distinguishing
Marks
,
requiring
them
to
take
them
out
,
which
they
not
doing
,
he
caused
several
of
them
to
be
seized
;
and
then
their
Hearts
failing
,
they
yielded
Obedience
to
his
Commands
.
He
ordered
one
of
them
to
be
shot
dead
upon
the
place
,
delivering
the
rest
of
those
whom
he
had
seized
,
being
eleven
in
number
,
into
the
hands
of
the
Marshal
;
and
having
dispersed
the
Army
to
their
Quarters
,
went
to
give
an
account
of
his
Proceedings
to
the
Parliament
:
and
tho
when
an
Agreement
with
the
King
was
carried
on
by
other
hands
,
he
could
countenance
the
Army
in
opposition
to
the
Parliament
;
yet
now
the
bargain
for
the
Peoples
Liberty
being
driven
on
by
himself
,
he
opposed
those
who
laboured
to
obstruct
it
,
pretending
his
so
doing
to
be
only
in
order
to
keep
the
Army
in
subjection
to
the
Parliament
;
who
being
very
desirous
to
have
this
Spirit
suppressed
in
the
Army
by
any
means
,
not
only
approved
what
he
had
done
,
but
gave
him
the
Thanks
of
the
House
for
the
same
:
Whereunto
,
tho
singly
,
I
gave
as
loud
a
No
as
I
could
,
being
fully
convinced
that
he
had
acted
in
this
manner
for
no
other
end
but
to
advance
his
own
Passion
and
Power
into
the
room
of
Right
and
Reason
;
and
took
the
first
opportunity
to
tell
him
,
that
the
Army
having
taken
the
Power
into
their
hands
,
as
in
effect
they
had
done
,
every
drop
of
Blood
shed
in
that
extraordinary
way
would
be
required
of
them
,
unless
the
Rectitude
of
their
Intentions
and
Actions
did
justify
them
,
of
which
they
had
need
to
be
very
careful
.
Whilst
these
things
were
doing
,
the
Earl
of
Ormond
finding
that
the
Irish
used
him
treacherously
,
and
that
the
Inclinations
of
his
Army
tended
towards
a
Submission
to
the
Parliament
of
England
,
invited
them
to
send
Commissioners
to
treat
about
the
Surrender
of
Dublin
,
and
the
Forces
commanded
by
him
,
into
their
hands
.
Which
was
done
,
and
Articles
agreed
upon
,
indemnifying
all
Protestants
in
Ireland
for
what
they
had
done
there
,
unless
they
had
been
in
the
Rebellion
during
the
first
Year
;
and
admitting
them
to
compound
for
their
Estates
in
England
at
two
Years
Value
.
A
certain
Sum
was
also
promised
to
be
paid
to
the
Earl
of
Ormond
,
in
consideration
of
what
he
had
disbursed
for
the
Army
.
This
Agreement
being
concluded
,
the
City
of
Dublin
and
the
Forces
before-mentioned
were
delivered
to
Col.
Michael
Jones
,
who
was
ordered
by
the
Parliament
to
receive
the
same
;
and
the
Earl
of
Ormond
came
to
London
,
where
his
Money
was
paid
him
,
and
he
soon
after
retired
into
France
.
The
chief
Officers
of
the
Army
having
subdued
those
of
their
Body
,
who
upon
just
Suspicion
had
opposed
their
Treaty
with
the
King
,
thought
themselves
obliged
by
their
former
Engagement
to
press
for
a
Personal
Treaty
with
him
,
which
they
procured
to
be
offered
,
in
case
he
would
grant
four
preliminary
Bills
:
The
first
of
which
contained
the
Revocation
of
all
Proclamations
against
the
Parliament
:
The
second
,
to
make
void
all
such
Titles
of
Honour
as
had
been
granted
by
the
King
since
he
had
left
the
Parliament
;
and
that
for
the
future
none
should
be
conferred
upon
any
Person
without
the
Consent
of
Parliament
:
The
third
was
a
Bill
to
except
some
Persons
from
Pardon
:
And
the
fourth
for
investing
the
Militia
in
the
Two
Houses
.
All
which
those
who
thought
it
reasonable
and
necessary
to
proceed
judicially
with
him
,
were
afraid
he
would
grant
;
it
being
visible
,
that
had
he
been
restored
to
the
Throne
upon
any
Terms
,
he
might
easily
have
gratified
his
Friends
,
and
revenged
himself
upon
all
his
Enemies
.
Col.
Hammond
and
Mr.
Ashburnham
had
frequent
Conferences
with
the
King
,
who
had
made
such
Promises
to
the
Colonel
,
that
he
declared
himself
extremely
desirous
that
the
Army
might
resume
their
Power
,
and
clear
themselves
of
the
Adjutators
,
whose
Authority
he
said
he
had
never
approved
.
To
this
end
he
sent
one
Mr.
Traughton
his
Chaplain
to
the
Army
,
to
perswade
them
to
make
use
of
their
Success
against
the
Adjutators
;
and
two
or
three
days
after
earnestly
moved
the
King
to
send
some
of
those
about
him
to
the
Army
,
with
Letters
of
Compliment
to
the
General
,
and
others
of
greater
Confidence
to
Cromwell
and
Ireton
,
promising
to
write
to
them
himself
,
which
he
did
;
conjuring
them
by
their
Engagements
,
their
Honour
and
Conscience
,
to
come
to
a
speedy
Agreement
with
the
King
,
and
not
to
expose
themselves
to
the
Fantastick
Giddiness
of
the
Adjutators
.
Sir
John
Barkley
was
made
choice
of
for
this
Employment
,
who
taking
Mr.
Henry
Barkley
his
Cousin
German
with
him
,
departed
from
the
Island
with
a
Pass
from
the
Governour
of
Cowes
;
and
being
on
his
way
met
Mr.
Traughton
on
his
Return
between
Bagshot
and
Windsor
,
who
acquainted
him
that
he
had
no
good
News
to
carry
back
to
the
King
,
the
Army
having
taken
new
Resolutions
touching
his
Person
.
Being
gone
a
little
farther
he
was
met
by
Cornet
Joyce
,
who
told
him
,
that
he
was
astonished
at
his
Design
of
going
to
the
Army
,
acquainting
him
,
that
it
had
been
debated
amongst
the
Adjutators
,
whether
,
in
justification
of
themselves
,
the
King
should
be
brought
to
a
Trial
;
of
which
Opinion
he
declared
himself
to
be
,
not
out
of
any
ill
Will
,
as
he
said
,
to
the
King's
Person
,
but
that
the
Guilt
of
the
War
might
be
charged
upon
those
that
had
caused
it
.
About
an
hour
after
his
Arrival
at
Windsor
,
Sir
John
Barkley
went
to
the
General
's
Quarters
,
where
he
found
the
Officers
of
the
Army
assembled
;
and
being
admitted
,
delivered
his
Letters
to
the
General
,
who
having
received
them
,
ordered
him
to
withdraw
.
After
he
had
attended
about
half
an
hour
,
he
was
called
in
again
,
and
told
by
the
General
,
with
some
Severity
on
his
Face
,
that
they
were
the
Parliament's
Army
,
and
therefore
could
say
nothing
to
the
King's
Motion
about
Peace
,
but
must
refer
those
Matters
,
and
the
King's
Letters
,
to
their
Consideration
.
Then
Sir
John
looked
upon
Cromwell
,
Ireton
,
and
the
rest
of
his
Acquaintance
,
who
saluted
him
very
coldly
,
shewing
him
Hammond's
Letter
to
them
,
and
smiling
with
disdain
upon
it
.
Being
thus
disappointed
,
he
went
to
his
Lodging
,
and
staid
there
from
four
till
six
of
the
Clock
,
without
any
Company
,
to
his
great
Dissatisfaction
.
At
last
he
sent
out
his
Servant
with
Orders
to
find
out
if
possible
some
of
his
Acquaintance
,
who
met
with
one
that
was
a
General
Officer
,
by
whom
he
was
ordered
to
tell
his
Master
,
that
he
would
meet
him
at
Midnight
in
a
Close
behind
the
Garter-Inn
.
At
the
Time
and
Place
appointed
they
met
,
where
the
Officer
acquainted
him
in
general
,
that
he
had
no
good
News
to
communicate
to
him
;
and
then
descending
to
Particulars
,
said
,
You
know
that
I
and
my
Friends
engaged
our selves
to
you
;
that
we
were
zealous
for
an
Agreement
,
and
if
the
rest
were
not
so
,
we
were
abused
:
That
since
the
Tumults
in
the
Army
,
we
did
mistrust
Cromwell
and
Ireton
,
whereof
I
informed
you
.
I
come
now
to
tell
you
,
that
we
mistrust
neither
,
and
that
we
are
resolved
,
notwithstanding
our
Engagement
,
to
destroy
the
King
and
his
Posterity
,
to
which
end
Ireton
has
made
two
Propositions
this
Afternoon
:
One
,
that
you
should
be
sent
Prisoner
to
London
:
The
other
,
that
none
should
speak
with
you
upon
pain
of
Death
,
and
I
do
now
hazard
my
Life
by
doing
it
.
The
way
designed
to
ruin
the
King
is
to
send
eight
hundred
of
the
most
disaffected
in
the
Army
to
secure
his
Person
,
and
then
to
bring
him
to
a
Trial
,
and
I
dare
think
no
farther
.
This
will
be
done
in
ten
days
,
and
therefore
if
the
King
can
escape
,
let
him
do
it
,
as
he
loves
his
Life
.
Sir
John
then
asking
the
reason
of
this
Change
,
seeing
the
King
had
done
all
things
in
compliance
with
the
Army
,
and
that
the
Officers
were
become
superiour
since
the
last
Rendezvouz
:
he
replied
,
that
he
could
not
certainly
tell
;
but
conceived
the
ground
of
it
to
be
,
that
tho
one
of
the
Mutineers
,
as
he
call'd
him
,
was
shot
to
Death
,
eleven
more
made
Prisoners
,
and
the
rest
in
appearance
over-aw'd
,
yet
they
were
so
far
from
being
so
indeed
,
that
two
thirds
of
the
Army
had
been
since
with
Cromwell
and
Ireton
,
to
tell
them
,
that
tho
they
were
certain
to
perish
in
the
Enterprize
,
they
would
leave
nothing
unattempted
to
bring
the
whole
Army
to
their
Sense
;
and
that
if
all
failed
,
they
would
make
a
Division
in
the
Army
,
and
join
with
any
who
would
assist
them
in
the
Destruction
of
those
that
should
oppose
them
.
That
Cromwell
and
Ireton
argued
thus
:
If
the
Army
divide
,
the
greatest
part
will
join
with
the
Presbyters
,
and
will
in
all
likelihood
prevail
,
to
our
Ruin
,
by
forcing
us
to
make
our
Applications
to
the
King
,
wherein
we
shall
rather
beg
than
offer
any
Assistance
;
which
if
the
King
shall
give
,
and
afterwards
have
the
good
Fortune
to
prevail
,
if
he
shall
then
pardon
us
,
it
will
be
all
we
can
pretend
,
and
more
than
we
can
certainly
promise
to
our selves
:
thereupon
concluding
,
that
if
they
could
not
bring
the
Army
to
their
Sense
,
that
it
was
best
to
comply
with
them
,
a
Schism
being
utterly
destructive
to
both
.
In
pursuance
of
this
Resolution
Cromwell
bent
all
his
Thoughts
to
make
his
Peace
with
the
Party
that
was
most
opposite
to
the
King
;
acknowledging
,
as
he
knew
well
how
to
do
on
such
occasions
,
that
the
Glory
of
this
World
had
so
dazled
his
Eyes
,
that
he
could
not
discern
clearly
the
great
Works
that
the
Lord
was
doing
.
He
sent
also
comfortable
Messages
to
the
Prisoners
that
he
had
seiz'd
at
the
general
Rendezvouz
,
with
Assurances
that
nothing
should
be
done
to
their
Prejudice
;
and
by
these
and
the
like
Arts
he
perfected
his
Reconciliation
.
For
my
own
part
,
I
am
inclined
to
believe
that
his
Son
Ireton
never
intended
to
close
with
the
King
,
but
only
to
lay
his
Party
asleep
,
whilst
they
were
contesting
with
the
Presbyterian
Interest
in
Parliament
.
And
now
having
secured
themselves
of
the
City
,
and
perswaded
the
King
to
deny
the
Propositions
of
the
Parliament
,
subdued
the
Army
,
and
freed
themselves
from
the
Importunity
of
the
King
and
his
Party
,
they
became
willing
to
quit
their
hands
of
him
,
since
their
Transactions
with
him
had
procured
them
so
much
Opposition
,
and
to
leave
the
Breach
with
him
upon
the
Parliament
;
where
they
found
the
Presbyterian
Party
averse
to
an
Agreement
with
him
upon
any
Proposals
of
the
Army
,
and
the
Commonwealth
Party
resolved
not
to
treat
with
him
upon
any
at
all
.
Sir
John
Barkley
being
return'd
to
his
Lodging
,
dispatch'd
his
Cousin
Henry
Barkley
to
the
Isle
of
Wight
with
two
Letters
;
one
to
the
Governour
,
containing
a
general
Relation
,
and
doubtful
Judgment
of
things
in
the
Army
;
another
in
Cypher
,
with
a
particular
account
of
the
foresaid
Conference
,
and
a
most
passionate
Supplication
to
the
King
to
meditate
nothing
but
his
immediate
Escape
.
The
next
Morning
he
sent
Col.
Cooke
to
Cromwell
,
to
let
him
know
that
he
had
Letters
and
Instructions
to
him
from
the
King
,
who
returned
in
Answer
by
the
Messenger
,
that
he
durst
not
see
him
,
it
being
very
dangerous
to
them
both
;
bidding
him
be
assured
,
that
he
would
serve
the
King
as
long
as
he
could
do
it
without
his
own
Ruin
;
but
desired
that
it
might
not
be
expected
that
he
should
perish
for
his
sake
.
Having
received
this
Answer
,
Sir
John
took
Horse
for
London
,
resolving
not
to
acquaint
any
with
the
Inclinations
of
the
Army
,
or
with
the
King
's
pretended
Escape
,
which
he
presumed
would
be
in
a
few
days
,
the
Queen
having
sent
a
Ship
to
that
purpose
,
and
pressed
it
earnestly
in
her
Letters
.
The
next
day
after
his
Arrival
at
London
he
received
a
Message
from
the
Scots
Lords
Lanerick
and
Lauderdale
,
desiring
a
Meeting
with
him
,
presuming
he
had
a
Commission
from
the
King
to
treat
:
but
he
acquainting
them
that
the
King
had
said
at
his
parting
from
him
,
that
he
would
make
good
whatsoever
he
should
undertake
to
any
Person
in
his
Name
;
the
Lord
Lanerick
replied
,
he
would
ask
no
other
Commission
from
him
.
At
their
second
Meeting
they
came
near
to
an
Agreement
,
and
resolved
to
conclude
on
the
Monday
following
;
but
the
next
day
Sir
John
Barkley
receiving
a
Letter
from
Mr.
Ashburnham
,
requiring
him
in
the
King's
Name
to
lay
aside
all
other
business
,
and
to
return
immediately
to
the
King
,
was
constrained
to
go
out
of
Town
that
Night
,
and
to
leave
the
Treaty
unfinished
,
to
the
great
Dissatisfaction
of
both
Parties
.
At
his
return
to
the
Island
he
found
the
King
determined
not
to
attempt
his
Escape
till
he
had
concluded
with
the
Scots
,
who
,
he
said
,
being
very
desirous
to
have
him
out
of
the
hands
of
the
Army
,
would
on
that
account
come
to
an
Accommodation
upon
reasonable
Conditions
;
whereas
if
he
should
leave
the
Army
before
any
Agreement
with
the
Scots
,
they
would
never
treat
with
him
but
upon
their
own
Terms
.
To
this
end
the
King
ordered
Sir
John
Barkley
,
Mr.
Ashburnham
,
Dr.
Hammond
,
and
Mr.
Leg
to
review
the
Papers
relating
to
the
Treaty
with
the
Scots
,
which
had
been
managed
in
London
chiefly
by
Dr.
Gough
a
Popish
Priest
,
who
in
the
Queen's
Name
had
conjur'd
the
King
to
make
his
speedy
Escape
,
and
in
his
own
beseeched
him
not
to
insist
too
nicely
upon
Terms
in
the
present
Exigency
of
his
Affairs
:
but
Mr.
Ashburnham
hesitated
much
upon
many
Expressions
in
the
Articles
relating
to
the
Covenant
and
Church
of
England
,
of
which
he
was
a
zealous
Professor
,
making
many
Replies
and
Alterations
;
and
at
last
insisted
that
the
King
would
send
for
the
Scots
Commissioners
to
come
to
him
.
Accordingly
Sir
William
Flemming
was
sent
to
that
purpose
;
and
the
next
day
after
an
Express
came
from
the
said
Commissioners
to
the
King
,
desiring
that
two
Papers
might
be
drawn
,
the
one
to
contain
the
least
he
would
be
contented
with
,
and
the
other
the
utmost
that
he
would
grant
to
the
Scots
;
which
last
they
desired
he
would
sign
,
promising
to
do
the
like
to
the
first
,
and
to
deliver
it
to
Dr.
Gough
upon
the
reception
of
his
Paper
so
signed
.
But
this
matter
was
delay'd
so
long
,
that
they
concluded
the
Scots
Commissioners
would
be
on
their
way
before
another
Express
could
be
gone
out
of
the
Island
.
At
the
same
time
that
the
Scots
were
coming
to
the
King
,
Commissioners
were
also
sent
to
him
by
the
Parliament
with
offers
of
a
Personal
Treaty
,
on
condition
that
the
King
in
testimony
of
his
future
Sincerity
,
would
grant
the
four
Preliminary
Bills
formerly
mentioned
.
Whilst
these
two
sorts
of
Commissioners
were
one
day
attending
the
King
as
he
walked
about
the
Castle
,
they
observed
him
to
throw
a
Bone
before
two
Spaniels
that
followed
him
,
and
to
take
great
delight
in
seeing
them
contesting
for
it
;
which
some
of
them
thought
to
be
intended
by
him
to
represent
that
Bone
of
Contention
he
had
cast
between
the
two
Parties
.
It
was
proposed
by
some
of
his
Party
that
the
King
should
give
a
dilatory
Answer
to
the
Scots
,
that
he
might
have
the
better
opportunity
to
escape
;
and
at
the
same
time
it
was
moved
that
he
should
offer
the
four
following
Bills
to
the
Parliament
,
upon
presumption
that
they
could
not
well
refuse
them
,
nor
durst
grant
them
:
The
first
was
for
the
Payment
of
the
Army
,
and
for
their
disbanding
as
soon
as
paid
:
The
second
to
put
a
Period
to
the
present
Parliament
:
The
third
to
restore
the
King
and
Queen
to
the
Possession
of
their
Revenues
:
The
fourth
to
settle
a
Church-Government
without
any
coercive
Power
;
and
till
such
a
Government
were
agreed
on
,
the
present
to
continue
without
any
coercive
Authority
.
This
they
advised
upon
apprehensions
,
if
the
King
should
give
a
positive
Denial
,
that
the
Commissioners
might
have
Orders
to
enjoin
the
Governour
to
keep
a
stricter
Guard
over
his
Person
,
and
thereby
his
designed
Escape
be
prevented
.
To
this
Advice
the
King
replied
,
that
he
had
found
out
a
Remedy
against
their
Fears
;
which
was
to
deliver
his
Answer
to
the
Commissioners
sealed
up
.
The
next
day
after
the
English
Commissioners
had
delivered
their
Message
,
and
desired
the
King's
Answer
within
three
or
four
days
;
the
Commissioners
of
Scotland
,
Lowden
,
Lanerick
,
Lauderdale
,
and
others
,
delivered
a
Protestation
to
the
King
,
subscribed
by
them
,
against
the
Parliament's
Message
,
affirming
it
to
be
contrary
to
the
Covenant
,
being
sent
without
their
Participation
or
Consent
;
and
from
this
time
began
seriously
to
treat
with
the
King
,
concluding
at
last
upon
such
Terms
as
they
could
obtain
rather
than
such
as
they
desired
from
him
.
When
the
time
to
receive
the
King's
Answer
was
come
,
he
sent
for
the
English
Commissioners
,
and
before
he
delivered
his
Answer
,
demanded
of
the
Earl
of
Denbigh
,
who
was
the
Principal
Commissioner
,
whether
they
had
power
to
alter
any
of
the
substantial
or
circumstantial
Parts
of
the
Message
;
and
they
replying
that
they
had
not
,
he
delivered
his
Answer
sealed
up
into
the
hands
of
the
Earl
of
Denbigh
.
Having
received
the
King's
Answer
,
the
Commissioners
withdrew
for
a
little
time
,
and
being
returned
,
the
Earl
of
Denbigh
seem'd
to
be
offended
,
that
the
King
had
delivered
his
Message
sealed
,
alledging
that
they
were
required
by
their
Instructions
to
bring
his
Answer
,
which
whether
his
Letter
were
or
no
,
they
could
not
know
,
unless
they
might
see
it
,
saying
that
he
had
been
his
Ambassador
,
and
in
that
Employment
would
never
have
delivered
any
Letter
without
a
preceding
sight
of
it
:
The
King
told
him
that
he
had
employ'd
twenty
Ambassadors
,
and
that
none
of
them
had
ever
dared
to
open
his
Letters
;
but
having
demanded
whether
what
the
Earl
of
Denbigh
had
said
were
the
sense
of
them
all
,
and
finding
it
so
to
be
:
Well
then
,
said
the
King
,
I
will
shew
it
to
you
on
condition
you
will
promise
not
to
acquaint
any
one
with
the
Substance
of
it
,
before
you
have
delivered
it
to
the
Parliament
;
which
they
consenting
to
,
he
desired
the
Company
might
withdraw
.
The
Commissioners
proposed
that
the
Governour
Col.
Hammond
might
be
permitted
to
stay
;
which
the
King
being
unwilling
to
allow
,
yet
not
thinking
it
convenient
to
refuse
,
gave
way
to
,
and
by
this
means
the
Governour
as
well
as
the
Commissioners
,
came
to
understand
that
the
King
had
waved
the
Interests
both
of
the
Parliament
and
Army
,
to
close
with
the
Scots
,
the
Substance
of
his
Letter
being
an
absolute
refusal
of
his
Consent
to
the
four
Bills
presented
to
Him
.
The
Impression
which
the
discovery
of
these
things
made
upon
the
Governour
was
so
great
,
that
before
he
departed
from
Carisbrook
to
accompany
the
Farliament's
Commissioners
to
Newport
,
he
gave
Orders
for
a
strict
Guard
to
be
kept
in
his
Absence
;
and
at
his
return
commanded
the
Gates
to
be
lock'd
up
,
and
the
Guards
to
be
doubled
,
sitting
up
himself
with
them
all
Night
;
whereby
the
King
's
intended
Escape
was
obstructed
.
The
next
Morning
he
ordered
the
King's
Servants
to
remove
,
not
excepting
Dr.
Hammond
his
own
Kinsman
,
who
taking
leave
of
the
King
,
acquainted
him
that
they
had
left
the
Captain
of
the
Frigat
and
two
trusty
Gentlemen
of
the
Island
to
assist
him
in
his
Escape
,
assuring
him
that
they
would
have
all
things
in
readiness
on
the
other
side
of
the
Water
to
receive
him
.
At
their
Departure
the
King
commanded
them
to
draw
up
a
Declaration
,
and
send
it
to
him
the
next
Morning
to
sign
,
which
they
did
,
and
it
was
afterwards
published
in
the
King's
Name
.
When
they
came
to
Newport
one
Capt.
Burleigh
caused
a
Drum
to
beat
to
draw
People
together
in
order
to
rescue
the
King
;
but
there
were
few
,
besides
Women
and
Children
,
that
followed
him
,
having
but
one
Musquet
amongst
them
all
,
so
that
the
King's
Servants
thought
not
fit
to
join
with
or
encourage
them
;
but
went
over
to
the
other
side
,
where
they
continued
about
three
Weeks
expecting
the
King's
Arrival
;
leaving
Capt.
Burleigh
,
who
with
divers
of
his
Followers
was
committed
to
Jail
.
Upon
the
return
of
the
King
's
Negative
to
the
four
previous
Bills
before
mentioned
,
the
Parliament
voted
,
That
no
farther
Addresses
should
be
made
to
the
King
by
themselves
,
or
any
other
Person
,
without
the
leave
of
both
Houses
;
and
that
if
any
presumed
so
to
do
,
they
should
incur
the
Guilt
of
High-Treason
.
They
also
publish'd
a
Declaration
,
prepared
by
Colonel
Nathanael
Fiennes
,
shewing
the
Reasons
of
their
said
Resolutions
;
wherein
,
amongst
other
Miscarriages
of
the
King's
Reign
,
was
represented
his
breaking
of
Parliaments
,
the
betraying
of
Rochel
,
his
refusal
to
suffer
any
Inquiry
to
be
made
into
the
Death
of
his
Father
,
his
levying
War
against
the
People
of
England
,
and
his
rejecting
all
reasonable
Offers
of
Accommodation
after
six
several
Applications
to
him
on
their
part
.
Col.
Rainsborough
was
appointed
Admiral
of
the
Fleet
;
and
Mr.
Holland
,
my self
,
and
another
Member
of
the
House
of
Commons
,
sent
down
to
the
head
Quarters
at
Windsor
with
Orders
to
discharge
from
Custody
Capt.
Reynolds
,
and
some
others
called
in
derision
Levellers
,
who
had
been
imprisoned
by
the
Army
for
attempting
to
bring
about
that
which
they
themselves
were
now
doing
,
and
to
exhort
the
Officers
to
contribute
the
best
of
their
Endeavours
towards
a
speedy
Settlement
.
The
Scots
in
pursuance
of
their
Treaty
with
the
King
,
made
what
Preparations
they
could
to
raise
an
Army
,
wherein
the
Presbyterians
and
Cavaliers
join'd
,
tho
with
different
Designs
.
The
same
Spirit
began
to
appear
also
in
England
,
many
of
our
Ships
revolting
to
the
King
at
the
Instigation
of
one
Capt.
Batten
,
who
had
been
Vice-Admiral
to
the
Parliament
,
and
others
,
encouraged
by
the
City
and
the
Presbyterian
Party
.
The
Seamen
on
board
the
Ship
commanded
by
Col.
Rainsborough
refused
to
receive
him
,
having
before-hand
secured
one
of
my
Brothers
,
with
others
whom
they
suspected
to
be
faithful
to
their
Commander
.
The
Earl
of
Warwick
,
as
most
acceptable
to
them
,
was
appointed
to
go
down
to
reduce
them
to
Obedience
,
by
which
means
part
of
the
Fleet
was
preserved
to
the
Parliament
,
who
immediately
issued
out
Orders
for
the
fitting
out
of
more
Ships
to
reinforce
them
.
With
the
revolted
Ships
Prince
Charles
block'd
up
the
Mouth
of
the
River
;
and
about
the
same
time
his
Brother
the
Duke
of
York
,
who
upon
the
Surrender
of
Oxford
had
been
brought
by
Order
of
the
Parliament
to
St.
James's
,
and
Provision
made
for
him
there
,
escaped
from
thence
to
serve
the
King's
Designs
.
The
Castles
of
Deal
and
Sandwich
declar'd
also
for
the
King
,
and
Col.
Rich
was
sent
with
a
Party
of
the
Army
to
reduce
them
.
In
the
mean
time
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
not
forgetting
himself
,
procured
a
meeting
of
divers
leading
Men
amongst
the
Presbyterians
and
Independents
,
both
Members
of
Parliament
and
Ministers
,
at
a
Dinner
in
Westminster
,
under
pretence
of
endeavouring
a
Reconciliation
between
the
two
Parties
:
but
he
found
it
a
Work
too
difficult
for
him
to
compose
the
Differences
between
these
two
Ecclesiastical
Interests
;
one
of
which
would
endure
no
Superior
,
the
other
no
Equal
;
so
that
this
Meeting
produced
no
Effect
.
Another
Conference
he
contrived
to
be
held
in
King-street
between
those
called
the
Grandees
of
the
House
and
Army
,
and
the
Commonwealths-Men
;
in
which
the
Grandees
,
of
whom
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
was
the
Head
,
kept
themselves
in
the
Clouds
,
and
would
not
declare
their
Judgments
either
for
a
Monarchical
,
Aristocratical
or
Democratical
Government
;
maintaining
that
any
of
them
might
be
good
in
themselves
,
or
for
us
,
according
as
Providence
should
direct
us
.
The
Commonwealths-Men
declared
that
Monarchy
was
neither
good
in
self
,
nor
for
us
.
That
it
was
not
desirable
in
it self
,
they
urged
from
the
8
th
Chapter
and
8
th
Verse
of
the
first
Book
of
Samuel
,
where
the
rejecting
of
the
Judges
,
and
the
choice
of
a
King
,
was
charged
upon
the
Israelites
by
God
himself
as
a
Rejection
of
him
;
and
from
another
Passage
in
the
same
Book
,
where
Samuel
declares
it
to
be
a
great
Wickedness
;
with
divers
more
Texts
of
Scripture
to
the
same
effect
.
And
that
it
was
no
way
conducing
to
the
Interest
of
this
Nation
,
was
endeavoured
to
be
proved
by
the
infinite
Mischiefs
and
Oppressions
we
had
suffered
under
it
,
and
by
it
:
that
indeed
our
Ancestors
had
consented
to
be
governed
by
a
single
Person
,
but
with
this
Proviso
,
that
he
should
govern
according
to
the
Direction
of
the
Law
,
which
he
always
bound
himself
by
Oath
to
perform
:
that
the
King
had
broken
this
Oath
,
and
thereby
dissolved
our
Allegiance
;
Protection
and
Obedience
being
reciprocal
:
that
having
appealed
to
the
Sword
for
the
Decision
of
the
things
in
dispute
,
and
thereby
caused
the
Effusion
of
a
Deluge
of
the
Peoples
Blood
,
it
seemed
to
be
a
Duty
incumbent
upon
the
Representatives
of
the
People
to
call
him
to
an
account
for
the
same
;
more
especially
since
the
Controversy
was
determined
by
the
same
means
which
he
had
chosen
;
and
then
to
proceed
to
the
Establishment
of
an
equal
Commonwealth
founded
upon
the
Consent
of
the
People
,
and
providing
for
the
Rights
and
Liberties
of
all
Men
,
that
we
might
have
the
Hearts
and
Hands
of
the
Nation
to
support
it
,
as
being
most
just
,
and
in
all
respects
most
conducing
to
the
Happiness
and
Prosperity
thereof
.
Notwithstanding
what
was
said
,
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
,
not
for
want
of
Conviction
,
but
in
hopes
to
make
a
better
Bargain
with
another
Party
,
professed
himself
unresolved
,
and
having
learn'd
what
he
could
of
the
Principles
and
Inclinations
of
those
present
at
the
Conference
,
took
up
a
Cushion
and
flung
it
at
my
Head
,
and
then
ran
down
the
Stairs
;
but
I
overtook
him
with
another
,
which
made
him
hasten
down
faster
than
he
desired
.
The
next
day
passing
by
me
in
the
House
,
he
told
me
he
was
convinced
of
the
Desirableness
of
what
was
proposed
,
but
not
of
the
Feasibleness
of
it
;
thereby
,
as
I
suppose
,
designing
to
encourage
me
to
hope
that
he
was
inclined
to
join
with
us
,
tho
unwilling
to
publish
his
Opinion
,
lest
the
Grandees
should
be
informed
of
it
,
to
whom
I
presume
he
professed
himself
to
be
of
another
Judgment
.
Much
time
being
spent
since
the
Parliament
had
voted
no
more
Addresses
to
be
made
to
the
King
,
nor
any
Messages
received
from
him
,
and
yet
nothing
done
towards
bringing
the
King
to
a
Trial
,
or
the
settling
of
Affairs
without
him
;
many
of
the
People
who
had
waited
patiently
hitherto
,
finding
themselves
as
far
from
a
Settlement
as
ever
,
concluded
that
they
should
never
have
it
,
nor
any
Ease
from
their
Burdens
and
Taxes
,
without
an
Accommodation
with
the
King
;
and
therefore
entred
into
a
Combination
through
England
,
Scotland
,
and
Ireland
,
to
restore
him
to
his
Authority
.
To
this
end
Petitions
were
promoted
throughout
all
Countries
,
the
King
by
his
Agents
fomenting
and
encouraging
this
Spirit
by
all
means
possible
,
as
appeared
by
his
intercepted
Letters
:
so
that
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
,
who
had
made
it
his
usual
Practice
to
gratify
Enemies
even
with
the
Oppression
of
those
who
were
by
Principle
his
Friends
,
began
again
to
court
the
Commonwealth-Party
,
inviting
some
of
them
to
confer
with
him
at
his
Chamber
:
with
which
acquainting
me
the
next
time
he
came
to
the
House
of
Commons
,
I
took
the
Freedom
to
tell
him
,
that
he
knew
how
to
cajole
and
give
them
good
Words
when
he
had
occasion
to
make
use
of
them
;
whereat
breaking
out
into
a
Rage
,
he
said
,
they
were
a
proud
sort
of
People
,
and
only
considerable
in
their
own
Conceits
.
I
told
him
,
it
was
no
new
thing
to
hear
Truth
calumniated
,
and
that
tho
the
Commonwealths-men
were
fallen
under
his
Displeasure
,
I
would
take
the
liberty
to
say
,
that
they
had
always
been
and
ever
would
be
considerable
where
there
was
not
a
total
Defection
from
Honesty
,
Generosity
,
and
all
true
Vertue
,
which
I
hoped
was
not
yet
our
Case
.
The
Earl
of
Warwick
,
with
the
Fleet
equipped
for
him
by
the
Parliament
,
sell
down
the
River
towards
the
Ships
commanded
by
Prince
Charles
,
who
presuming
either
that
he
would
not
fight
him
,
or
perhaps
come
over
to
him
,
lay
some
time
in
expectation
;
but
finding
by
the
manner
of
his
Approach
that
he
was
deceived
in
that
Particular
,
he
thought
it
convenient
to
make
all
the
sail
he
could
for
the
Coast
of
Holland
.
Our
Fleet
followed
him
as
far
as
the
Texel
;
but
according
to
the
defensive
Principle
of
the
Nobility
,
our
Admiral
thinking
he
had
sufficiently
discharged
his
Duty
by
clearing
the
Downs
,
and
driving
the
other
Fleet
from
our
Coast
,
declined
to
fight
tho
he
had
an
opportunity
to
engage
.
Deal
and
Sandown
Castles
were
reduced
by
Col.
Rich
,
and
many
of
our
revolted
Ships
not
finding
things
according
to
their
Expectation
,
being
constrained
to
serve
under
Prince
Rupert
instead
of
the
Lord
Willoughby
,
who
they
desired
might
command
them
,
returned
to
the
Obedience
of
the
Parliament
.
The
Scots
making
all
possible
Preparations
to
raise
an
Army
for
the
Restitution
of
the
King
,
Sir
Thomas
Glenham
and
Sir
Marmaduke
Langdale
went
to
Scotland
to
join
with
them
in
that
Enterprize
,
and
to
draw
what
English
they
could
to
promote
the
Design
.
The
first
of
these
seized
upon
Carlisle
by
order
of
the
Scots
,
tho
contrary
to
their
Articles
;
whereupon
the
Parliament
thinking
it
necessary
to
provide
for
the
Security
of
Berwick
,
placed
a
good
Garison
therein
,
and
resolving
to
reinforce
the
Militia
of
each
County
,
sent
down
some
of
their
Members
to
give
Life
to
the
Preparations
.
Amongst
others
I
was
appointed
to
go
down
to
the
County
for
which
I
served
,
where
we
agreed
to
raise
two
Regiments
of
Foot
and
one
of
Horse
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Enemy
was
not
idle
,
and
taking
advantage
of
the
Discontents
of
Capt.
Poyer
Governour
of
Pembroke
,
they
prevailed
with
him
to
revolt
,
and
declare
for
the
King
.
Other
disaffected
Parts
of
the
Nation
,
not
yet
ready
for
open
Opposition
,
acted
with
more
Caution
,
preparing
and
encouraging
Petitions
to
the
Parliament
for
a
Personal
Treaty
with
the
King
,
of
which
the
Principal
were
Surrey
,
Essex
,
and
Kent
.
In
Essex
they
met
at
Chelmsford
in
a
tumultuous
manner
,
and
seized
Sir
William
Masham
and
other
Members
of
Parliament
;
who
being
ready
to
use
all
gentle
Methods
to
prevent
farther
Inconveniences
,
sent
down
Mr.
Charles
Rich
,
second
Son
to
the
Earl
of
Warwick
,
and
Sir
Harbottle
Grimston
,
two
of
their
Members
,
to
endeavour
to
quiet
that
tumultuous
Spirit
,
with
Instructions
and
Power
to
promise
Indemnity
to
all
that
should
desist
from
the
prosecution
of
what
they
desired
in
this
violent
way
:
which
Commission
they
managed
so
well
,
that
upon
their
Promise
to
present
the
Requests
of
the
Petitioners
,
which
were
drawn
up
in
writing
,
to
the
Parliament
,
and
to
return
them
an
Answer
,
the
People
of
the
Country
dispersed
themselves
to
their
own
Houses
.
But
the
Sedition
of
the
Surrey-men
was
not
terminated
so
easily
,
of
whom
many
hundreds
came
to
the
doors
of
the
Parliament
;
and
not
being
satisfied
with
the
Answer
the
Parliament
thought
fit
to
give
to
their
Petition
,
after
they
had
been
heated
with
Drink
,
and
animated
by
the
Cavalier
Party
,
they
resolved
to
force
from
them
another
Answer
,
and
with
intolerable
Insolence
pressed
upon
their
Guard
,
beating
the
Sentinels
to
the
main
Guard
,
which
was
drawn
up
at
the
upper
end
of
Westminster-Hall
,
where
they
wounded
the
Officer
who
commanded
them
;
and
being
intreated
to
desist
,
became
more
violent
;
so
that
the
Souldiers
were
necessitated
,
in
their
own
Defence
,
and
discharge
of
their
Duty
,
to
fire
upon
them
,
whereby
two
or
three
of
the
Country-men
were
killed
:
neither
did
this
quiet
them
,
till
some
Horse
and
Foot
arrived
to
strengthen
the
Guard
,
and
dispersed
them
.
Lieutenant
Colonel
Cobbet
who
commanded
the
Guard
,
being
called
into
the
House
to
give
an
account
of
what
had
passed
,
went
to
the
Bar
bleeding
from
the
Wounds
which
he
had
received
,
and
related
the
Passages
before-mentioned
:
but
some
Friends
of
the
Petitioners
within
doors
informing
the
House
that
the
matter
of
Fact
was
otherwise
than
had
been
represented
by
the
Lieutenant
Colonel
,
the
Parliament
appointed
a
Committee
to
examine
the
Truth
of
it
.
Those
of
the
secluded
Members
who
were
in
England
being
returned
to
the
House
,
divers
hard
Words
passed
between
them
and
others
of
the
Parliament
;
and
one
day
Commissary
General
Ireton
speaking
something
concerning
them
,
Mr.
Hollis
thinking
it
to
be
injurious
to
them
,
passing
by
him
in
the
House
,
whispered
him
in
the
ear
,
telling
him
it
was
false
,
and
he
would
justify
it
to
be
so
if
he
would
follow
him
,
and
thereupon
immediately
went
out
of
the
House
,
with
the
other
following
him
.
Some
Members
who
had
observed
their
passionate
Carriage
to
each
other
,
and
seen
them
hastily
leaving
the
House
,
acquainted
the
Parliament
with
their
Apprehensions
;
whereupon
they
sent
their
Serjeant
at
Arms
to
command
their
Attendance
,
which
he
letting
them
understand
as
they
were
taking
Boat
to
go
to
the
other
side
of
the
Water
,
they
returned
;
and
the
House
taking
notice
of
what
they
were
informed
concerning
them
,
enjoined
them
to
forbear
all
Words
or
Actions
of
Enmity
towards
each
other
,
and
to
carry
themselves
for
the
future
as
Fellow-members
of
the
same
Body
,
which
they
promised
to
do
.
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
perceiving
the
Clouds
to
gather
on
every
side
,
complained
to
me
,
as
we
were
walking
in
the
Palace-Yard
,
of
the
Unhappiness
of
his
Condition
,
having
made
the
greatest
part
of
the
Nation
his
Enemies
,
by
adhering
to
a
just
Cause
:
But
that
which
he
pretended
to
be
his
greatest
Trouble
was
,
that
many
who
were
engaged
in
the
same
Cause
with
him
had
entertained
a
Jealousy
and
Suspicion
of
him
;
which
he
assured
me
was
a
great
Discouragement
to
him
,
asking
my
Advice
,
what
Method
was
best
for
him
to
take
.
I
could
not
but
acknowledg
that
he
had
many
Enemies
for
the
sake
of
the
Cause
in
which
he
stood
engaged
,
and
also
that
many
who
were
Friends
to
that
Cause
had
conceived
Suspicions
of
him
:
but
I
observed
to
him
,
that
he
could
never
oblige
the
former
,
without
betraying
that
Cause
wherein
he
was
engaged
;
which
if
he
should
do
upon
the
account
of
an
empty
Title
,
Riches
,
or
any
other
Advantages
,
how
those
Contracts
would
be
kept
with
him
,
was
uncertain
;
but
most
certain
it
was
,
that
his
Name
would
be
abominated
by
all
good
Men
,
and
his
Memory
be
abhorred
by
Posterity
.
On
the
other
side
,
if
he
persisted
in
the
prosecution
of
our
just
Intentions
,
it
was
the
most
probable
way
to
subdue
his
Enemies
,
to
rectisy
the
Mistakes
of
those
that
had
conceived
a
Jealousy
of
him
,
and
to
convince
his
Friends
of
his
Integrity
:
that
if
he
should
fall
in
the
Attempt
,
yet
his
Loss
would
be
lamented
by
all
good
Men
,
and
his
Name
be
transmitted
to
future
Ages
with
Honour
.
He
seemed
to
take
well
what
I
said
,
and
it
might
have
been
no
Disservice
to
him
if
he
had
acted
accordingly
:
but
his
Design
was
rather
to
perswade
me
,
for
the
present
,
of
the
Rectitude
of
his
Intentions
,
than
to
receive
Counsel
from
me
concerning
his
Conduct
.
About
this
time
we
obtained
some
Advantages
in
Ireland
,
where
Col.
Michael
Jones
,
who
had
been
order'd
by
the
Parliament
to
command
at
Dublin
when
the
Earl
of
Ormond
delivered
it
up
;
with
the
Forces
he
had
,
fought
the
Rebels
,
tho
double
his
Number
,
at
Dungon-hill
,
killed
some
thousands
of
them
,
and
totally
routed
the
rest
:
Of
which
when
the
Parliament
had
received
Information
,
they
ordered
five
hundred
Pounds
by
Year
of
the
forseited
Lands
in
Ireland
to
be
settled
upon
Col.
Jones
as
a
Reward
for
his
good
Service
.
In
England
the
Defection
began
to
increase
;
Capt.
Henry
Lilburn
who
commanded
for
the
Parliament
in
Tinmouth-Castle
,
which
lies
at
the
Mouth
of
the
Harbour
,
and
is
a
Key
to
Newcastle
,
declaring
for
the
King
;
but
notice
thereof
being
brought
to
Sir
Arthur
Haslerig
at
Newcastle
,
of
which
Town
he
was
Governour
,
he
with
great
Expedition
drew
down
a
Party
before
the
Place
,
and
attacking
it
unexpectedly
,
took
it
by
Assault
,
before
the
Men
had
been
throughly
confirmed
in
their
Revolt
by
the
Governour
,
whom
he
put
to
the
Sword
,
and
placed
another
Garison
therein
.
Many
of
those
who
had
been
for
the
Parliament
in
South-wales
now
joining
with
the
King's
Party
,
they
grew
to
be
a
considerable
Body
;
whereby
Major
General
Laughern
,
who
upon
some
Suspicion
had
been
under
Confinement
,
was
encouraged
to
get
away
and
join
himself
to
them
;
Major
General
John
Stradling
,
Sir
Henry
Stradling
,
Col.
Thomas
Stradling
,
and
several
other
Gentlemen
of
those
Parts
falling
in
with
them
.
Col.
Horton
,
with
about
two
thousand
five
hundred
Horse
,
Foot
,
and
Dragoons
,
was
sent
into
Wales
to
engage
them
;
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
following
with
as
many
more
Forces
as
could
be
spared
from
the
Army
;
who
being
within
three
or
four
days
March
of
Col.
Horton
,
received
Advice
that
the
Enemy
,
to
the
number
of
about
seven
thousand
,
had
engaged
the
Colonel
at
St.
Faggons
in
Glamorganshire
;
that
upon
the
first
Attack
our
Forces
gave
ground
,
but
well
considering
the
Danger
they
were
in
,
the
Country
being
full
of
Enemies
,
and
encouraged
by
their
Affection
to
the
Cause
wherein
they
were
engaged
,
they
charged
the
Enemies
Van
,
consisting
of
the
best
of
their
Men
,
with
so
great
Bravery
and
Resolution
,
that
they
forced
them
to
give
way
;
which
those
that
were
in
their
Rear
,
who
were
for
the
most
part
new-raised
Men
,
perceiving
,
began
to
shift
for
themselves
.
Upon
this
ours
followed
their
Charge
with
so
much
Vigour
and
Success
,
that
the
whole
Body
of
the
Enemy
was
soon
routed
and
dispersed
;
many
of
them
were
killed
in
the
Pursuit
,
and
many
taken
Prisoners
:
amongst
the
latter
was
Major
General
Stradling
,
and
divers
other
Officers
.
The
News
of
this
Success
was
very
welcome
to
all
those
that
wished
well
to
the
Publick
,
and
proved
a
great
Discouragement
to
the
contrary
Party
.
The
Petitioners
of
Surrey
drew
into
a
Body
,
and
in
conjunction
with
the
Kentish-men
of
the
King's
Party
,
appointed
their
Rendezvouz
upon
Black
heath
:
But
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
with
that
part
of
the
Army
which
he
had
with
him
,
disappointed
that
Design
,
by
possessing
himself
of
that
Ground
before
them
.
However
the
Enemy
had
brought
together
a
considerable
Body
of
Men
,
many
of
whom
were
induced
to
come
in
,
upon
Assurances
given
that
they
should
be
commanded
by
Mr.
Hales
,
a
Gentleman
of
a
great
Estate
in
Kent
;
tho
afterwards
the
Lord
Goring
appeared
at
the
Head
of
them
,
as
had
been
designed
from
the
beginning
.
Upon
the
Advance
of
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
his
Army
,
the
Enemy
,
who
exceeded
him
in
Number
by
one
half
at
least
,
divided
their
Body
,
sending
one
part
to
possess
themselves
of
Maidstone
and
the
adjacent
Places
,
and
another
Party
to
block
up
Dover
and
other
Forts
upon
the
Coast
,
whilst
Goring
remained
with
the
rest
about
Rochester
.
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
resolving
first
to
attack
those
about
Maidstone
,
fell
upon
them
,
and
beat
them
into
the
Town
,
which
they
had
fortified
before
;
whereupon
tho
the
Numbers
within
the
Town
being
at
least
equal
to
those
without
,
made
it
a
Work
of
great
Hazard
and
Difficulty
,
yet
considering
that
those
with
the
Lord
Goring
exceeded
either
,
and
might
march
to
the
Enemies
Relief
,
ours
resolved
to
storm
the
Place
,
which
they
did
the
Night
following
;
the
General
by
his
own
Example
encouraging
the
Men
to
fall
on
,
who
for
a
good
while
were
not
able
to
make
any
considerable
Progress
,
till
Col.
Hewson
with
his
Regiment
opened
a
Passage
into
one
of
the
Streets
,
where
the
Dispute
growing
hot
,
he
was
knocked
down
with
a
Musquet
;
but
recovering
himself
,
he
pressed
the
Enemy
so
hard
,
that
they
were
forced
to
retreat
to
their
main
Guard
,
and
falling
in
with
them
at
the
same
time
,
so
disordered
them
,
that
they
all
began
to
shift
for
themselves
;
wherein
they
were
favoured
by
the
Advantage
of
the
Night
:
yet
many
of
them
were
made
Prisoners
,
and
many
killed
;
many
Horses
and
all
their
Artillery
fell
into
the
hands
of
ours
.
The
General
,
as
soon
as
he
had
refreshed
his
Men
,
advanced
towards
that
Body
commanded
by
the
Lord
Goring
,
which
was
much
increased
in
Number
by
the
Addition
of
those
who
escaped
from
Maidstone
,
but
not
in
Resolution
,
being
so
discouraged
with
their
Relation
of
what
had
passed
there
,
that
immediately
upon
our
Approach
they
began
to
retreat
,
many
of
them
running
away
to
their
own
Habitations
.
Notwithstanding
this
,
a
considerable
Body
continuing
with
the
Lord
Goring
,
he
sent
to
the
City
of
London
,
desiring
leave
to
march
through
the
City
into
Essex
,
designing
to
recruit
his
Men
with
such
of
that
County
as
had
lately
expressed
so
much
Affection
to
the
King's
Interest
.
The
City
,
tho
much
inclined
to
have
the
King
received
upon
Terms
,
yet
not
willing
absolutely
to
espouse
the
Cavalier
Party
,
especially
in
a
flying
Posture
;
and
considering
that
there
was
a
great
Number
still
amongst
them
who
retained
their
Affection
to
the
Publick
Cause
,
returned
a
positive
Denial
to
Goring
:
so
that
he
was
necessitated
to
make
use
of
Boats
or
other
means
to
transport
his
Men
over
the
River
into
the
County
of
Essex
.
A
Party
of
Horse
was
sent
from
the
Army
to
keep
a
Guard
at
Bow-bridg
,
as
well
to
prevent
the
disaflected
in
the
City
from
running
to
the
Enemy
,
as
to
hinder
them
from
doing
any
thing
to
the
prejudice
of
London
.
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
,
with
that
part
of
the
Army
which
was
with
him
,
besieged
the
Castle
and
Town
of
Pembroke
,
whither
the
principal
of
that
Body
which
fled
from
St.
Faggons
had
made
their
Retreat
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Presbyterian
Party
prevailing
in
the
House
,
by
reason
of
the
Absence
of
divers
Members
who
belonged
to
the
Army
,
and
were
employed
in
all
parts
of
the
Nation
,
discharged
from
Prison
those
who
had
been
committed
upon
the
account
of
that
Force
which
was
put
upon
the
House
by
the
late
Tumults
,
and
the
Parliament
left
to
the
Mercy
of
their
Enemies
with
a
very
slender
Guard
.
The
Lord
Lisle's
Commission
to
be
Lord
Lieutenant
of
Ireland
expiring
at
the
same
time
,
they
refused
to
renew
it
;
by
which
means
the
Province
of
Munster
fell
into
the
hands
of
the
Lord
Inchequin
as
President
,
who
made
use
of
the
opportunity
to
displace
those
Officers
that
had
been
put
in
by
the
Lord
Lisle
,
preferring
his
own
Creatures
to
their
Employments
,
to
the
great
prejudice
of
the
English
Interest
in
that
Country
:
many
others
who
were
acquainted
with
his
Temper
and
Principles
quitted
voluntarily
;
and
tho
he
still
pretended
Fidelity
to
the
State
of
England
,
yet
he
expressed
himself
dissatisfied
with
the
Proceedings
of
the
Army-Party
towards
him
.
Some
Overtures
also
he
had
received
from
the
Irish
touching
an
Accommodation
;
but
being
straitned
by
them
in
his
Quarters
,
and
therefore
advancing
with
his
Army
towards
them
,
Col.
Temple
and
some
others
yet
remaining
in
his
Army
being
willing
to
improve
the
occasion
,
pressed
him
so
hard
to
resolve
to
fight
,
that
he
could
not
well
avoid
it
.
At
the
beginning
of
the
Battel
the
Success
seemed
to
be
very
doubtful
,
but
in
the
end
ours
obtained
the
Victory
,
some
thousands
of
the
Enemy
being
killed
,
many
made
Prisoners
,
and
all
their
Baggage
taken
.
Not
long
after
this
he
declared
against
the
Parliament
,
and
joined
with
the
Irish
Rebels
:
Some
of
the
English
Officers
concurred
with
him
in
his
Declaration
;
many
left
him
and
came
to
the
Parliament
,
who
made
provision
for
them
,
as
they
had
done
for
those
that
came
away
before
.
Tho
this
Conjunction
of
Inchequin
was
not
concluded
without
the
King's
Consent
,
yet
it
was
not
a
proper
season
for
him
to
condescend
so
far
as
they
desired
:
whereby
great
Divisions
arose
amongst
them
;
for
there
was
a
Party
of
Old
Irish
,
as
they
were
called
,
headed
principally
by
Owen
Roe
O
Neal
,
of
whom
several
were
in
the
Supreme
Council
,
who
,
out
of
an
innate
Hatred
to
the
English
Government
,
joined
with
those
who
would
be
satisfied
with
nothing
less
than
to
have
the
Pope
acknowledged
to
be
their
only
Supreme
Lord
:
so
that
not
being
able
to
agree
,
their
Differences
proved
very
serviceable
to
the
English
Interest
.
The
like
Spirit
of
Division
appeared
amongst
our
Enemies
in
Scotland
,
where
tho
the
Number
was
great
of
those
that
professed
their
constant
Adherence
to
their
Engagements
contained
in
the
Covenant
,
yet
when
it
came
to
a
Trial
in
their
Convention
,
the
Anti-Covenanters
,
who
were
for
restoring
the
King
without
any
Terms
,
carried
all
before
them
:
So
that
instead
of
the
Marquiss
of
Argile
,
the
Marquiss
of
Hamilton
was
appointed
General
of
their
Army
;
all
the
inferiour
Officers
being
of
the
same
Mold
and
Principle
;
insomuch
that
the
Pulpits
who
before
had
proclaimed
this
War
,
now
accompanied
the
Army
that
was
preparing
to
march
with
their
Curses
:
for
tho
they
could
have
been
contented
that
the
Sectarian
Party
,
as
they
called
it
,
should
be
ruined
,
provided
they
could
find
Strength
enough
to
bring
in
the
King
themselves
;
yet
they
feared
their
old
Enemy
more
than
their
new
one
,
because
the
latter
would
only
restrain
them
from
lording
it
over
them
and
others
,
affording
them
equal
Liberty
with
themselves
;
whereas
the
former
was
so
far
from
that
,
as
hardly
to
suffer
them
to
be
Hewers
of
Wood
and
Drawers
of
Water
:
for
those
who
would
have
all
Power
both
Civil
and
Ecclesiastical
put
into
one
Hand
,
could
not
possibly
agree
with
such
as
would
have
it
divided
into
many
.
These
Affairs
necessitated
the
Parliament
to
raise
the
Militia
,
in
order
to
oppose
this
malevolent
Spirit
which
threatned
them
from
the
North
,
and
also
prevailed
with
them
to
discountenance
a
Charge
of
High
Treason
,
framed
by
Major
Huntington
,
an
Officer
of
the
Army
,
with
the
Advice
of
some
Members
of
both
Houses
,
against
Lieutenant
General
Cromivell
,
for
endeavouring
,
by
betraying
the
King
,
Parliament
,
and
Army
,
to
advance
himself
;
it
being
manifest
that
the
preferring
this
Accusation
at
that
time
,
was
principally
designed
to
take
him
off
from
his
Command
,
and
thereby
to
weaken
the
Army
,
that
their
Enemies
might
be
the
better
enabled
to
prevail
against
them
.
The
Design
of
the
King's
Escape
was
still
carried
on
;
but
by
the
Vigilance
of
the
Governour
of
the
Isle
of
Wight
and
his
Officers
it
was
discovered
and
prevented
.
The
next
Morning
after
the
Discovery
they
found
the
Iron
Bars
of
the
King's
Chamber-window
eaten
through
by
something
applied
to
them
:
Whereupon
those
who
were
to
have
been
instrumental
in
his
Escape
,
not
knowing
otherwise
how
to
revenge
themselves
on
those
who
had
defeated
their
Enterprize
,
accused
Major
Rolfe
,
a
Captain
in
that
Garison
very
active
and
vigilant
in
his
Charge
,
of
a
Design
to
kill
the
King
,
raising
such
a
Clamour
about
it
,
that
the
Parliament
thought
not
sit
to
decline
the
putting
him
upon
his
Trial
;
but
the
Accusation
appearing
to
the
Grand
Jury
to
be
grounded
upon
Malice
,
they
refused
to
find
the
Bill
.
About
the
same
time
Capt.
Burleigh
,
who
had
beat
a
Drum
at
Newport
for
the
rescuing
of
the
King
,
was
brought
to
his
Trial
;
and
the
Jury
having
found
him
guilty
of
High
Treason
,
he
was
executed
according
to
the
Sentence
.
Those
of
the
Enemies
commanded
by
the
Lord
Goring
,
who
had
fled
into
Essex
,
grew
to
a
considerable
Number
;
but
being
new-raised
Men
,
and
not
well
acquainted
one
with
another
,
upon
the
Advance
of
our
Army
retreated
to
Colchester
with
a
Body
so
much
exceeding
ours
,
which
pursued
and
besieged
them
in
that
Place
,
that
Commissary
General
Ireton
compared
the
Town
and
those
therein
to
a
great
Bee-hive
,
and
our
Army
to
a
small
Swarm
of
Bees
sticking
on
one
side
of
it
;
but
the
number
of
ours
was
soon
increased
by
the
Forces
which
the
well-affected
in
the
Counties
of
Essex
,
Suffolk
,
Norfolk
,
and
Cambridg
,
sent
to
their
Assistance
.
The
Earl
of
Holland
,
who
at
the
beginning
of
the
Parliament
had
appeared
active
for
them
,
and
afterwards
leaving
them
,
had
gone
to
the
King
at
Oxford
,
when
he
supposed
him
to
grow
strong
;
then
again
returning
to
the
Parliament
upon
the
declining
of
the
King's
Affairs
,
publishing
a
Declaration
at
his
coming
to
London
,
that
he
left
the
King
because
he
saw
the
Irish
Rebels
so
eminently
favoured
by
him
;
in
this
low
Condition
of
the
Parliament
,
revolted
again
,
and
formed
a
Party
of
about
a
thousand
Horse
,
with
which
he
marched
from
London
,
and
declared
against
them
,
accompanied
by
the
Duke
of
Buckingham
,
(
whose
Sequestration
upon
the
account
of
his
Minority
when
he
first
engaged
with
the
King
,
the
Parliament
had
freely
remitted
)
and
the
Lord
Francis
his
Brother
,
prevailing
also
with
Dalbeir
,
formerly
Quarter-Master-General
to
the
Earl
of
Essex
,
to
join
with
them
.
Their
Rendezvouz
was
appointed
to
be
upon
Bansted-Downs
;
but
the
Vigilance
of
the
Parliament
was
such
,
that
a
Party
of
Horse
and
Foot
was
soon
sent
after
them
,
commanded
by
Sir
Michael
Lewesey
,
who
without
much
Dispute
put
those
Courtly
Gentlemen
to
the
rout
.
The
Lord
Francis
presuming
perhaps
that
his
Beauty
would
have
charmed
the
Souldiers
,
as
it
had
done
Mrs.
Kirke
,
for
whom
he
made
a
splendid
Entertainment
the
Night
before
he
left
the
Town
,
and
made
her
a
Present
of
Plate
to
the
Value
of
a
thousand
Pounds
,
stayed
behind
his
Company
,
where
unseasonably
daring
the
Troopers
,
and
refusing
to
take
Quarter
,
he
was
killed
,
and
after
his
Death
there
was
found
upon
him
some
of
the
Hair
of
Mrs.
Kirk
sew'd
in
a
piece
of
Ribbon
that
hung
next
his
Skin
.
The
rest
fled
towards
St.
Neots
in
the
County
of
Huntington
,
where
being
fallen
upon
again
,
they
were
routed
a
second
time
:
in
which
Action
the
Parliament's
Souldiers
,
to
express
their
Detestation
of
Dalbeir's
Treachery
,
hewed
him
in
pieces
.
The
Earl
of
Holland
was
taken
,
and
sent
Prisoner
to
Warwick-Castle
;
but
the
Duke
of
Buckingham
escaped
,
and
went
over
to
France
.
Pomfret-Castle
being
seized
by
some
of
the
King's
Party
,
was
besieged
by
the
Country
,
assisted
by
some
of
the
Army
,
Sir
Hugh
Cholmely
commanding
at
the
Siege
;
but
the
Army
finding
little
Progress
made
therein
,
ordered
Col.
Rainsborough
with
more
Forces
thither
,
appointing
him
to
command
in
the
room
of
Sir
Hugh
Cholmely
.
Whilst
he
was
preparing
for
that
Service
,
being
at
Doncaster
,
ten
or
twelve
Miles
from
Pomfret
,
with
a
considerable
Force
in
the
Town
,
a
Party
of
Horse
dismounting
at
his
Quarters
,
and
going
up
as
Friends
to
his
Chamber
,
under
pretence
of
having
business
with
him
,
seized
him
first
,
and
upon
his
Refusal
to
go
silently
with
them
,
murdered
him
.
After
his
Death
another
Commander
being
appointed
in
his
place
to
carry
on
the
Siege
,
those
in
the
Castle
were
reduced
to
such
Extremities
,
that
some
of
the
most
desperate
of
them
resolved
,
together
with
their
Governour
one
Morris
,
who
had
been
Page
to
the
Earl
of
Strassord
,
to
endeavour
the
breaking
through
our
Forces
on
Horseback
;
which
they
attempted
,
and
tho
most
of
them
were
beaten
back
to
the
Castle
by
the
Besiegers
,
yet
this
Morris
made
his
way
through
;
but
was
afterwards
taken
as
he
passed
through
the
Country
in
the
Disguise
of
a
Beggar
,
and
carried
to
York
,
where
he
was
arraigned
before
Justice
Thorpe
,
and
being
found
guilty
of
Treason
,
was
executed
for
the
same
.
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
,
with
that
part
of
the
Army
which
was
with
him
,
besieged
the
Town
and
Castle
of
Pembroke
,
whither
the
chief
of
that
Party
that
fled
from
St.
Faggons
had
made
their
Retreat
,
as
I
said
before
;
but
wanting
great
Guns
,
he
was
obliged
to
send
for
some
to
Glocester
,
which
with
much
difficulty
were
brought
to
him
.
This
Place
detained
the
greatest
part
of
our
Army
about
six
Weeks
;
but
it
was
remarkable
,
that
about
the
time
the
Scots
were
entring
into
England
,
the
Garison
,
for
want
of
Provisions
,
was
forced
to
capitulate
and
surrender
upon
Articles
,
by
which
some
of
them
were
to
remain
Prisoners
,
and
others
to
be
banished
into
Ireland
for
three
Years
;
amongst
the
latter
were
Col.
Thomas
Stradling
,
Sir
Henry
Stradling
,
Col.
Button
and
Major
Butler
;
of
the
first
were
Col.
Laughern
,
Col.
Poyer
,
and
Col.
Powell
.
Twenty
Thousand
Scots
being
upon
their
March
into
England
under
the
Conduct
of
Duke
Hamilton
,
with
about
five
Thousand
English
,
commanded
by
Sir
Marmaduke
Langdale
,
some
of
us
who
had
opposed
the
Lieutenant
General
's
Arbitrary
Proceedings
,
when
we
were
convinced
he
acted
to
promote
a
selfish
and
unwarrantable
Design
,
now
thinking
our selves
obliged
to
strengthen
his
Hands
in
that
necessary
Work
,
which
he
was
appointed
to
undertake
,
writ
a
Letter
to
him
to
encourage
him
,
from
the
Consideration
of
the
Justice
of
the
Cause
wherein
he
was
engaged
,
and
the
Wickedness
of
those
with
whom
he
was
to
encounter
,
to
proceed
with
Chearfulness
,
assuring
him
,
that
not
withstanding
all
our
Discouragements
we
would
readily
give
him
all
the
Assistance
we
could
.
The
House
of
Commons
declared
the
Scots
who
had
invaded
England
to
be
Enemies
,
and
ordered
the
Lieutenant
General
to
advance
towards
them
,
and
fight
them
:
But
the
Lords
in
this
doubtful
Posture
of
Affairs
declined
to
concur
with
them
in
the
same
:
Yet
both
of
them
,
with
the
City
of
London
,
joined
in
driving
on
a
Personal
Treaty
with
the
King
in
the
Isle
of
Wight
,
and
to
that
end
the
Lords
and
Commons
revoked
the
Votes
for
Non-Addresses
;
whereby
the
King
seemed
to
be
on
sure
ground
,
for
that
if
the
Scots
Army
failed
,
he
might
still
make
Terms
with
the
Parliament
.
The
King's
Party
in
Colchester
were
also
much
encouraged
with
hopes
of
Relief
from
the
Scots
Army
,
who
were
very
numerous
,
and
well
furnished
with
all
things
but
a
good
Cause
.
To
fight
this
formidable
Army
the
Lieutenant
General
could
not
make
up
much
above
seven
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
,
and
those
so
extremely
harassed
with
hard
Service
and
long
Marches
,
that
they
seemed
rather
fit
for
a
Hospital
than
a
Battel
.
With
this
handful
of
Men
he
advanced
towards
the
Enemy
,
and
about
Preston
in
Lancashire
both
Armies
met
on
the
17
th
of
August
,
1648.
The
English
who
were
in
the
Scots
Army
had
the
Honour
of
the
Van
,
and
for
a
time
entertained
ours
with
some
Opposition
;
but
being
vigorously
pressed
by
our
Men
,
they
were
forced
to
retreat
to
a
Pass
,
which
they
maintained
against
us
,
whilst
they
sent
to
their
General
for
Succours
;
which
he
not
sending
,
on
purpose
,
as
was
said
,
that
the
English
might
be
cut
off
,
and
his
Party
kept
intire
to
enable
him
to
set
up
for
himself
,
and
give
Law
to
both
Nations
,
they
began
to
shift
for
themselves
:
which
made
such
an
Impression
upon
the
Scots
,
that
they
soon
followed
their
Example
,
retreating
in
a
disorderly
manner
.
Ours
followed
them
so
close
,
that
most
of
their
Foot
threw
down
their
Arms
,
and
yielded
themselves
Prisoners
.
Many
of
the
principal
Officers
of
their
Foot
were
taken
,
with
all
their
Artillery
,
Ammunition
and
Baggage
;
Hamilton
,
with
four
or
five
thousand
Horse
in
a
Body
,
left
the
Field
,
and
was
pursued
by
Col.
Thorney
a
Member
of
Parliament
,
and
Colonel
of
a
Regiment
of
Horse
,
a
worthy
and
a
valiant
Man
,
who
following
them
too
close
,
and
unadvisedly
run
himself
upon
one
of
their
Lances
,
wherewith
he
was
mortally
wounded
,
which
he
perceiving
by
the
wasting
of
his
Spirits
,
to
express
his
Affection
to
his
Country
,
and
Joy
for
the
Defeat
of
the
Enemy
,
desired
his
Men
to
open
to
the
right
and
left
,
that
he
might
have
the
Satisfaction
to
see
them
run
before
he
died
.
The
Enemies
Body
of
Horse
kept
themselves
together
for
some
days
roving
up
and
down
the
Country
about
Leicestershire
,
which
County
the
Lord
Grey
of
Grooby
had
raised
,
and
brought
together
about
three
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
to
preserve
the
Country
from
Plunder
,
and
to
take
all
possible
Advantages
against
the
Enemy
:
and
tho
a
Body
of
Horse
from
the
Army
was
in
pursuit
of
the
Scots
,
yet
the
Leicestershire
Party
came
up
first
to
them
at
Uttoxeter
in
Staffordshire
,
where
the
Body
of
the
Enemies
Horse
was
;
and
whilst
the
Scots
were
treating
with
the
other
Party
from
the
Army
,
the
Lord
Grey's
Men
observing
no
Guards
kept
,
entred
upon
them
,
before
any
Conditions
were
made
;
whereupon
Hamilton
surrendred
himself
to
Col.
Wayte
,
an
Officer
of
the
Leicestershire-Party
,
delivering
to
him
his
Scarf
,
his
George
,
and
his
Sword
,
which
last
he
desired
him
to
keep
carefully
,
because
it
had
belonged
to
his
Ancestors
.
By
the
two
Parties
the
Scots
were
all
made
Prisoners
,
and
all
their
Horses
seized
:
the
Duke
of
Hamilton
was
carried
Prisoner
to
Windsor-Castle
,
and
all
their
Standards
of
Horse
and
Foot
were
taken
and
sent
up
to
London
,
where
the
Parliament
ordered
them
to
be
hung
up
in
Westminster-Hall
.
The
House
of
Lords
who
had
avoided
to
declare
the
Scots
Enemies
whilst
their
Army
was
entire
,
now
after
their
Defeat
prevented
the
House
of
Commons
,
and
moved
that
a
Day
might
be
appointed
to
give
God
Thanks
for
this
Success
.
The
News
of
this
Victory
being
carried
to
the
Isle
of
Wight
,
the
King
said
to
the
Governour
,
that
it
was
the
worst
News
that
ever
came
to
England
;
to
which
he
answered
,
That
he
thought
the
King
had
no
cause
to
be
of
that
Opinion
,
since
if
Hamilton
had
beaten
the
English
,
he
would
certainly
have
possessed
himself
of
the
Thrones
of
England
and
Scotland
:
The
King
presently
replied
,
You
are
mistaken
,
I
could
have
commanded
him
back
with
the
motion
of
my
Hand
.
Which
whether
he
could
do
or
no
,
was
doubtful
;
but
whatever
Reasons
he
had
for
this
Opinion
,
it
seemed
very
unseasonable
to
own
it
openly
in
that
Conjuncture
.
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
marched
with
part
of
his
Army
to
Edinburgh
,
where
he
dispossessed
the
Hamiltonian
Party
of
their
Authority
,
and
put
the
Power
into
the
hands
of
the
Presbyterians
;
by
whom
he
was
received
with
great
Demonstrations
of
Joy
:
and
tho
lately
they
looked
upon
the
Independent
Party
as
the
worst
of
their
Enemies
,
yet
now
they
owned
and
embraced
them
as
their
best
Friends
and
Deliverers
;
and
having
notice
given
them
that
the
English
Army
was
about
to
return
into
England
,
they
prevailed
with
the
Lieutenant
General
to
leave
Major
General
Lambert
with
a
Body
of
Horse
,
till
they
could
raise
more
Forces
to
provide
for
their
own
Safety
.
The
Treaty
with
the
King
being
pressed
with
more
heat
than
ever
,
and
a
Design
visibly
appearing
to
render
all
our
Victories
useless
thereby
;
by
the
Advice
of
some
Friends
I
went
down
to
the
Army
,
which
lay
at
that
time
before
Colchester
;
where
attending
upon
the
General
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
,
to
acquaint
him
with
the
state
of
Affairs
at
London
,
I
told
him
,
that
a
Design
was
driving
on
to
betray
the
Cause
in
which
so
much
of
the
Peoples
Blood
had
been
shed
:
that
the
King
being
under
a
Restraint
,
would
not
account
himself
obliged
by
any
thing
he
should
promise
under
such
Circumstances
;
assuring
him
,
that
most
of
those
who
pushed
on
the
Treaty
with
the
greatest
Vehemency
,
intended
not
that
he
should
be
bound
to
the
performance
of
it
,
but
designed
principally
to
use
his
Authority
and
Favour
in
order
to
destroy
the
Army
;
who
,
as
they
had
assumed
the
Power
,
ought
to
make
the
best
use
of
it
,
and
to
prevent
the
Ruin
of
Themselves
and
the
Nation
.
He
acknowledged
what
I
said
to
be
true
,
and
declared
himself
resolved
to
use
the
Power
he
had
,
to
maintain
the
Cause
of
the
Publick
,
upon
a
clear
and
evident
Call
,
looking
upon
himself
to
be
obliged
to
pursue
the
Work
which
he
was
about
.
Perceiving
by
such
a
general
Answer
that
he
was
irresolute
,
I
went
to
Commissary
General
Ireton
,
who
had
a
great
Influence
upon
him
,
and
having
found
him
,
we
discoursed
together
upon
the
same
Subject
,
wherein
we
both
agreed
that
it
was
necessary
for
the
Army
to
interpose
in
this
matter
,
but
differed
about
the
time
;
he
being
of
opinion
,
that
it
was
best
to
permit
the
King
and
the
Parliament
to
make
an
Agreement
,
and
to
wait
till
they
had
made
a
full
Discovery
of
their
Intentions
,
whereby
the
People
becoming
sensible
of
their
own
Danger
,
would
willingly
join
to
oppose
them
.
My
Opinion
was
,
that
it
would
be
much
easier
for
the
Army
to
keep
them
from
a
Conjunction
,
than
to
oppose
them
when
united
;
it
being
highly
probable
that
the
first
things
they
would
fall
upon
after
their
Union
,
would
be
such
as
were
most
taking
with
the
People
,
in
order
to
oblige
them
to
assist
in
the
disbanding
of
the
Army
,
under
pretence
of
lesiening
their
Taxes
:
and
then
if
the
Army
should
in
any
manner
signify
a
Dislike
of
their
Proceedings
,
they
would
be
esteemed
by
the
Majority
of
the
People
,
to
be
Disturbers
of
the
publick
Peace
,
and
accused
of
designing
nothing
save
their
own
particular
Advantages
.
The
King's
Party
in
Colchester
expecting
to
be
included
in
the
Peace
which
was
treating
between
him
and
the
Parliament
,
held
out
to
the
utmost
;
but
being
in
extreme
want
of
Provisions
,
and
destitute
of
all
hopes
of
Relief
since
the
Defeat
of
the
Scots
,
they
were
forced
to
surrender
on
the
28
th
of
August
,
1648.
upon
Articles
,
whereby
some
of
the
principal
of
them
being
Prisoners
at
Discretion
,
the
Court
Martial
assembled
and
condemned
Sir
Charles
Lucas
,
Sir
George
Lisle
,
and
Sir
Barnard
Gascoin
,
to
die
;
the
last
of
whom
being
a
Foreigner
,
was
pardoned
,
and
the
other
two
were
shot
to
death
according
to
the
Sentence
.
The
Lord
Goring
and
the
Lord
Capel
were
sent
Prisoners
to
London
,
and
committed
to
the
Tower
by
an
Order
of
the
Parliament
.
The
Two
Houses
finding
things
in
this
posture
,
hastened
the
Departure
of
their
Commissioners
to
the
Isle
of
Wight
,
with
Powers
and
Instructions
to
treat
with
the
King
,
who
principally
insisted
on
that
Article
concerning
Bishops
,
whom
he
accounted
to
be
by
Divine
Right
,
or
rather
essentially
necessary
to
the
Support
of
Arbitrary
Power
;
whereupon
Ministers
of
each
side
were
appointed
to
dispute
touching
that
Subject
,
in
order
to
satisfy
the
King's
Conscience
.
But
the
Army
having
now
wonderfully
dispersed
their
Enemies
on
every
part
,
began
to
consider
how
to
secure
themselves
and
the
Common
Cause
against
those
Counsels
that
were
carried
on
in
opposition
to
them
,
under
pretext
of
making
Peace
with
the
King
,
and
to
that
end
drew
up
a
Declaration
at
St.
Albans
,
dated
the
16
th
of
November
,
1648.
shewing
,
that
the
Grounds
of
their
first
Engagement
was
to
bring
Delinquents
to
Justice
;
that
the
King
was
guilty
of
the
Blood
shed
in
the
first
and
second
War
,
and
that
therefore
they
could
not
trust
him
with
the
Government
.
This
Remonstrance
they
presented
to
the
Parliament
on
the
20
th
of
November
,
1648.
The
King
and
Parliament
seeing
this
Cloud
beginning
to
gather
,
endeavoured
by
all
means
possible
to
hasten
their
Treaty
to
a
Conclusion
.
The
Army
also
were
not
wanting
to
fortify
themselves
against
that
Shock
,
sending
some
of
their
own
Number
to
those
Members
of
Parliament
,
whom
they
esteemed
most
faithful
to
the
Common
Cause
,
to
invite
them
down
to
the
Army
,
after
they
should
in
a
publick
manner
have
expressed
their
Dissatisfaction
to
the
Proceedings
of
those
who
had
betrayed
the
Trust
reposed
in
them
by
the
good
People
of
England
,
and
declared
,
that
finding
it
impossible
to
be
any
farther
serviceable
in
Parliament
,
they
had
resolved
to
repair
to
the
Army
in
order
toprocure
their
Assistance
in
settling
the
Government
of
the
Nation
upon
a
just
Foundation
.
At
a
Meeting
of
some
Members
of
Parliament
with
the
said
Officers
from
the
Army
,
it
was
resolved
,
That
tho
the
way
proposed
by
them
might
be
taken
in
case
all
other
means
failed
,
yet
seeing
there
was
more
than
a
sufficient
Number
of
Members
in
the
Parliament
to
make
a
House
,
who
were
most
affectionate
to
the
Publick
Cause
,
it
would
be
more
proper
for
the
Army
to
relieve
them
from
those
who
rendred
them'useless
to
the
Publick
Service
,
thereby
preserving
the
Name
and
Place
of
the
Parliament
,
than
for
the
Members
thereof
to
quit
their
Stations
wherein
they
were
appointed
to
serve
,
and
to
leave
the
Civil
Authority
in
the
hands
of
those
who
would
be
ready
to
fall
in
with
any
Power
that
would
attempt
to
frustrate
what
should
be
agreed
on
by
them
and
the
Army
.
In
prosecution
of
this
Result
the
Army
drew
to
Colebrook
,
from
whence
Commissary
General
Ireton
sent
me
word
,
that
now
he
hoped
they
should
please
me
,
which
I
must
acknowledg
they
did
by
the
way
which
they
were
taking
;
not
from
any
particular
Advantages
that
I
expected
from
it
,
except
an
equal
share
of
Security
with
other
Men
;
but
that
the
People
of
England
might
be
preserved
in
their
just
Rights
,
from
the
Oppressions
of
violent
Men
;
the
Question
in
dispute
between
the
King's
Party
and
us
being
,
as
I
apprehended
,
Whether
the
King
should
govern
as
a
God
by
his
Will
,
and
the
Nation
be
governed
by
Force
like
Beasts
:
or
whether
the
People
should
be
governed
by
Laws
made
by
themselves
,
and
live
under
a
Government
derived
from
their
own
Consent
.
Being
fully
perswaded
that
an
Accommodation
with
the
King
was
unsafe
to
the
People
of
England
,
and
unjust
and
wicked
in
the
nature
of
it
.
The
former
,
besides
that
it
was
obvious
to
all
Men
,
the
King
himself
had
proved
,
by
the
Duplicity
of
his
dealing
with
the
Parliament
,
which
manifestly
appeared
in
his
own
Papers
taken
at
the
Battel
of
Naseby
,
and
elsewhere
.
Of
the
latter
I
was
convinced
by
the
express
Words
of
God's
Law
;
That
Blood
defileth
the
Land
,
and
the
Land
cannot
be
cleansed
of
the
Blood
that
is
shed
therein
,
but
by
the
Blood
of
him
that
shed
it
.
Numbers
,
Chap.
35.
v.
33.
And
therefore
I
could
not
consent
to
the
Counsels
of
those
who
were
contented
to
leave
the
Guilt
of
so
much
Blood
upon
the
Nation
,
and
thereby
to
draw
down
the
just
Vengeance
of
God
upon
us
all
;
when
it
was
most
evident
that
the
War
had
been
occasioned
by
the
Invasion
of
our
Rights
,
and
open
Breach
of
our
Laws
and
Constitution
on
the
King's
part
.
The
Commissioners
that
were
appointed
to
manage
the
Treaty
with
the
King
,
returned
with
the
King's
Answer
,
containing
neither
a
positive
Grant
,
nor
an
absolute
Denial
.
As
to
the
Bishops
,
he
still
retained
his
Principle
of
their
Divine
Right
,
and
therefore
declared
that
he
could
not
dispense
with
the
Abolition
of
them
;
but
for
present
Satisfaction
,
hoping
by
giving
ground
to
gain
a
better
opportunity
to
serve
them
,
he
consented
that
those
who
had
bought
their
Lands
should
have
a
Lease
of
them
for
some
Years
:
and
for
satisfaction
for
the
Blood
that
had
been
shed
,
he
was
willing
that
six
should
be
excepted
;
but
withal
Care
was
taken
,
that
they
should
be
such
as
were
far
enough
from
the
reach
of
Justice
.
By
another
Article
,
the
Militia
was
to
remain
in
the
Parliament
for
ten
Years
:
thereby
implying
,
if
I
mistake
not
,
that
the
Right
of
granting
it
was
in
the
King
,
and
consequently
that
we
had
done
him
wrong
in
contending
with
him
for
it
.
By
such
ways
and
means
did
some
Men
endeavour
to
abuse
the
Nation
.
Some
of
our
Commissioners
who
had
been
with
the
King
,
pleaded
in
the
House
for
a
Concurrence
with
him
,
as
if
they
had
been
imployed
by
him
;
tho
others
with
more
Ingenuity
acknowledged
that
they
would
not
advise
an
Agreement
upon
those
Terms
,
were
it
not
to
prevent
a
greater
Evil
that
was
like
to
ensue
upon
the
Refusal
of
them
.
But
Sir
Henry
Vane
so
truly
stated
the
matter
of
Fact
relating
to
the
Treaty
,
and
so
evidently
discovered
the
Design
and
Deceit
of
the
King's
Answer
,
that
he
made
it
clear
to
us
,
that
by
it
the
Justice
of
our
Cause
was
not
asserted
,
nor
our
Rights
secured
for
the
future
;
concluding
,
that
if
they
should
accept
of
these
Terms
without
the
Concurrence
of
the
Army
,
it
would
prove
but
a
Feather
in
their
Caps
:
Notwithstanding
which
the
corrupt
Party
in
the
House
having
bargain'd
for
their
own
and
the
Nation
's
Liberty
,
resolved
to
break
through
all
Hazards
and
Inconveniences
to
make
good
their
Contract
,
and
after
twenty
four
hours
Debate
,
resolved
by
the
Plurality
of
Votes
,
That
the
King's
Concessions
were
Ground
for
a
future
Settlement
.
At
which
some
of
us
expressing
our
Dissatisfaction
,
desired
that
our
Protestation
might
be
entred
;
but
that
being
denied
,
as
against
the
Orders
of
the
House
,
I
contented
my self
to
declare
publickly
,
that
being
convinced
that
they
had
deserted
the
Common
Cause
and
Interest
of
the
Nation
,
I
could
no
longer
join
with
them
;
the
rest
of
those
who
dissented
also
expressing
themselves
much
to
the
same
purpose
.
The
day
following
some
of
the
principal
Officers
of
the
Army
came
to
London
,
with
expectation
that
things
would
be
brought
to
this
issue
;
and
consulting
with
some
Members
of
Parliament
and
others
,
it
was
concluded
after
a
full
and
free
Debate
,
that
the
Measures
taken
by
the
Parliament
were
contrary
to
the
Trust
reposed
in
them
,
and
tending
to
contract
the
Guilt
of
the
Blood
that
had
been
shed
upon
themselves
,
and
the
Nation
:
that
it
was
therefore
the
Duty
of
the
Army
to
endeavour
to
put
a
stop
to
such
Proceedings
;
having
engaged
in
the
War
,
not
simply
as
Mercenaries
,
but
out
of
Judgment
and
Conscience
,
being
convinced
that
the
Cause
in
which
they
were
engaged
was
just
,
and
that
the
Good
of
the
People
was
involved
in
it
.
Being
come
to
this
Resolution
,
three
of
the
Members
of
the
House
,
and
three
of
the
Officers
of
the
Army
withdrew
into
a
private
Room
,
to
consider
of
the
best
means
to
attain
the
ends
of
our
said
Resolution
,
where
we
agreed
that
the
Army
should
be
drawn
up
the
next
Morning
,
and
Guards
placed
in
Westminster-Hall
,
the
Court
of
Requests
,
and
the
Lobby
;
that
none
might
be
permitted
to
pass
into
the
House
but
such
as
had
continued
faithful
to
the
Publick
Interest
.
To
this
end
we
went
over
the
Names
of
all
the
Members
one
by
one
,
giving
the
truest
Characters
we
could
of
their
Inclinations
,
wherein
I
presume
we
were
not
mistaken
in
many
;
for
the
Parliament
was
fallen
into
such
Factions
and
Divisions
,
that
any
one
who
usually
attended
and
observed
the
business
of
the
House
,
could
,
after
a
Debate
upon
any
Question
,
easily
number
the
Votes
that
would
be
on
each
side
,
before
the
Question
was
put
.
Commissary
General
Ireton
went
to
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
,
and
acquainted
him
with
the
necessity
of
this
extraordinary
way
of
proceeding
,
having
taken
care
to
have
the
Army
drawn
up
the
next
Morning
by
seven
of
the
Clock
.
Col.
Pride
commanded
the
Guard
that
attended
at
the
Parliament-doors
,
having
a
List
of
those
Members
who
were
to
be
excluded
,
preventing
them
from
entring
into
the
House
,
and
securing
some
of
the
most
suspected
under
a
Guard
provided
for
that
end
;
in
which
he
was
assisted
by
the
Lord
Grey
of
Grooby
and
others
,
who
knew
the
Members
.
To
justify
these
Proceedings
the
Army
sent
a
Message
to
the
House
,
representing
,
That
whereas
divers
Members
had
been
expelled
the
House
upon
account
of
the
Violence
done
to
the
Parliament
by
the
City
of
London
,
and
others
,
in
1647.
yet
upon
the
Absence
of
many
well-affected
Members
,
by
reason
of
their
Employments
in
the
Army
and
elsewhere
against
the
Enemy
,
the
said
Persons
were
re-admitted
without
any
Trial
or
Satisfaction
in
the
things
whereof
they
were
accused
;
whereby
the
Scots
had
been
drawn
to
invade
this
Kingdom
,
and
the
House
prevented
by
the
Intruders
and
their
Accomplices
from
declaring
against
the
Invaders
,
who
had
made
up
the
Number
of
ninety
odd
Votes
to
that
purpose
:
And
whereas
by
the
prevalency
of
the
same
corrupt
Counsels
,
Justice
had
been
obstructed
,
and
a
Settlement
of
Affairs
hindred
:
and
lastly
,
the
King's
Concessions
declared
to
be
a
Ground
for
the
Settlement
of
Peace
,
notwithstanding
the
Insufficiency
and
Defects
of
them
;
they
therefore
most
humbly
desired
that
all
those
Members
who
are
innocent
in
these
things
,
would
by
a
publick
Declaration
acquit
themselves
from
any
Guilt
thereof
,
or
Concurrence
therein
;
and
that
those
who
shall
not
so
acquit
themselves
,
may
be
excluded
or
suspended
the
House
till
they
have
given
clear
Satisfaction
therein
;
that
those
who
have
faithfully
performed
their
Trust
,
may
proceed
without
interruption
to
the
execution
of
Justice
,
and
to
make
speedy
provision
for
an
equal
Succession
of
Representatives
,
wherein
Differences
may
be
composed
,
and
all
Men
comfortably
acquiesce
,
as
they
for
their
parts
thereby
engaged
and
assured
them
they
would
.
The
House
,
wherein
there
was
about
six
score
,
was
moved
to
send
for
those
Members
who
were
thus
excluded
by
the
Army
;
which
they
did
,
as
I
presume
,
rather
upon
the
account
of
Decency
,
than
from
any
desire
they
had
that
their
Message
should
be
obeyed
;
and
that
it
might
clearly
appear
that
this
Interruption
proceeded
from
the
Army
,
and
not
from
any
Advice
of
the
Parliament
,
to
the
end
that
what
they
should
act
separately
,
might
be
esteemed
to
be
only
in
order
to
prevent
such
Inconveniences
as
might
otherwise
fall
upon
the
Nation
,
if
the
whole
Power
should
be
left
in
the
hands
of
an
Army
;
and
that
their
Actions
appearing
to
be
founded
upon
this
Necessity
,
they
might
the
better
secure
the
Respect
and
Obedience
of
the
People
.
Upon
such
Considerations
,
when
the
Serjeant
returned
and
acquainted
them
that
the
excluded
Members
were
detained
by
the
Army
,
the
House
proceeded
in
the
business
before
them
.
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
the
Night
after
the
Interruption
of
the
House
arrived
from
Scotland
,
and
lay
at
Whitehall
,
where
,
and
at
other
Places
,
he
declared
that
he
had
not
been
acquainted
with
this
Design
;
yet
since
it
was
done
,
he
was
glad
of
it
,
and
would
endeavour
to
maintain
it
.
Major
General
Harrison
being
sent
by
the
Army
with
a
Party
of
Horse
to
bring
the
King
from
the
Isle
of
Wight
,
Col.
Hammond
,
who
was
entrusted
with
the
Custody
of
him
by
the
Parliament
,
disputed
to
deliver
him
;
but
finding
that
those
about
him
inclined
to
comply
,
he
thought
it
not
convenient
to
make
any
farther
Opposition
:
So
that
the
King
was
conducted
from
the
Island
to
Hurst-Castle
,
and
from
thence
to
Windsor
,
by
Major
General
Harrison
.
Being
on
his
way
,
he
dined
at
Mr.
Leviston's
in
Bagshot-Park
,
who
had
provided
a
Horse
for
him
to
make
his
Escape
;
but
this
Design
also
was
discovered
,
and
prevented
.
The
King
being
at
Windsor
,
it
was
debated
what
should
be
done
with
him
:
The
Army
were
for
bringing
him
to
a
Trial
,
for
levying
War
against
the
Parliament
and
People
of
England
,
and
the
Common
Council
of
the
City
of
London
presented
a
Petition
to
the
Parliament
by
the
hands
of
Col.
Titchborn
to
that
effect
;
but
some
of
the
Commonwealths-men
desired
that
before
they
consented
to
that
Method
,
it
might
be
resolved
what
Government
to
establish
,
fearing
a
Design
in
the
Army
to
set
up
some
one
of
themselves
in
his
room
:
others
endeavoured
to
perswade
them
that
the
execution
of
Justice
ought
to
be
their
first
Work
,
in
respect
of
their
Duty
to
God
and
the
People
that
the
failure
therein
had
been
already
the
occasion
of
a
second
War
,
which
was
justly
to
be
charged
on
the
Parliament
for
neglecting
that
Duty
;
that
those
who
were
truly
Commonwealths-men
,
ought
to
be
of
that
Opinion
,
as
the
most
probable
means
to
attain
their
Desires
in
the
establishment
of
an
equal
and
just
Government
;
and
that
the
Officers
of
the
Army
,
who
were
chiefly
to
be
suspected
,
could
not
be
guilty
of
so
much
Impudence
and
Folly
,
to
erect
an
Arbitrary
Power
in
any
one
of
themselves
,
after
they
had
in
so
publick
a
manner
declared
their
Detestation
of
it
in
another
.
In
order
to
the
accomplishment
of
the
important
Work
which
the
House
of
Commons
had
now
before
them
,
they
voted
,
That
by
the
Fundamental
Laws
of
the
Land
,
it
is
Treason
for
the
King
of
England
,
for
the
time
being
,
to
levy
War
against
the
Parliament
and
Kingdom
.
To
which
the
Lords
not
concurring
,
they
passed
it
the
next
day
without
their
Consent
;
and
the
day
after
declared
,
That
the
People
are
,
under
God
,
the
Original
of
all
just
Power
:
That
the
House
of
Commons
being
chosen
by
,
and
representing
the
People
,
are
the
Supreme
Power
in
the
Nation
:
That
whatsoever
is
enacted
or
declared
for
Law
by
the
Commons
in
Parliament
,
hath
the
Force
of
a
Law
,
and
the
People
are
concluded
thereby
,
tho
the
Consent
of
King
or
Peers
be
not
had
thereto
.
This
Obstruction
being
removed
,
several
Petitions
were
brought
to
the
Parliament
,
for
so
the
House
of
Commons
now
stiled
themselves
,
from
the
City
of
London
,
Borough
of
Southwark
,
and
most
of
the
Counties
in
England
,
requesting
that
the
King
might
be
brought
to
Justice
;
in
order
to
which
they
passed
an
Act
,
authorizing
the
Persons
therein
named
,
or
any
thirty
of
them
,
to
proceed
to
the
Arraignment
,
Condemnation
or
Acquittal
of
the
King
;
with
full
Power
,
in
case
of
Condemnation
,
to
proceed
to
Sentence
,
and
to
cause
the
said
Sentence
to
be
put
in
Execution
.
This
High
Court
of
Justice
met
on
the
8
th
of
January
1648
in
the
Painted
Chamber
,
to
the
number
of
about
fourscore
,
consisting
chiefly
of
Members
of
Parliament
,
Officers
of
the
Army
,
and
Gentlemen
of
the
Country
;
where
they
chose
Serjeant
Aske
,
Serjeant
Steel
,
and
Dr.
Dorrislaus
to
be
their
Counsel
;
Mr.
John
Coke
of
Grays-Inn
to
be
their
Solicitor
,
and
Mr.
Andrew
Broughton
their
Secretary
;
and
sent
out
a
Precept
under
their
Hands
and
Seals
for
proclaiming
the
Court
to
be
held
in
Westminster-Hall
on
the
tenth
of
the
said
Month
;
which
was
performed
accordingly
by
Serjeant
Dendy
,
attended
by
a
Party
of
Horse
,
in
Cheapside
,
before
the
old
Exchange
,
and
in
Westminster-Hall
.
On
the
the
tenth
they
chose
Serjeant
Bradshaw
to
be
their
President
,
with
Mr.
Lisle
and
Mr.
Say
to
be
his
Assistants
;
and
a
Charge
of
High
Treason
being
drawn
up
against
the
King
,
the
Court
appointed
a
convenient
Place
to
be
prepared
at
the
upper
end
of
Westminster-Hall
for
his
Publick
Trial
,
directing
it
to
be
covered
with
Scarlet
Cloth
,
and
ordered
twenty
Halberdiers
to
attend
the
President
,
and
thirty
the
King
.
All
things
being
thus
prepared
for
the
Trial
,
the
King
was
conducted
from
Windsor
to
St.
James's
:
from
whence
on
the
20
th
of
January
he
was
brought
to
the
Bar
of
the
High
Court
of
Justice
,
where
the
President
acquainted
the
King
with
the
Causes
of
his
being
brought
to
that
Place
:
For
that
He
contrary
to
the
Trust
reposed
in
him
by
the
People
,
to
see
the
Laws
put
in
execution
for
their
Good
,
had
made
use
of
his
Power
to
subvert
those
Laws
,
and
to
set
up
his
Will
and
Pleasure
as
a
Law
over
them
:
that
in
order
to
effect
that
Design
,
he
had
endeavoured
the
Suppression
of
Parliaments
,
the
best
Defence
of
the
Peoples
Liberties
:
That
he
had
levied
War
against
the
Parliament
and
People
of
England
,
wherein
great
numbers
of
the
good
People
had
been
slain
,
of
which
Blood
the
Parliament
presuming
him
guilty
,
had
appointed
this
High
Court
of
Justice
for
the
Trial
of
him
for
the
same
.
Then
turning
to
Mr.
Broughton
Clerk
of
the
Court
,
he
commanded
him
to
read
the
Charge
against
the
King
;
who
as
the
Clerk
was
reading
the
Charge
,
interrupted
him
,
saying
,
I
am
not
intrusted
by
the
People
,
they
are
mine
by
Inheritance
;
demanding
by
what
Authority
they
brought
him
thither
.
The
President
answered
,
that
they
derived
their
Authority
from
an
Act
made
by
the
Commons
of
England
assembled
in
Parliament
:
The
King
said
the
Commons
could
not
give
an
Oath
;
that
they
were
no
Court
,
and
therefore
could
make
no
Act
for
the
Trial
of
any
Man
,
much
less
of
him
their
Soveraign
.
It
was
replied
,
that
the
Commons
assembled
in
Parliament
could
acknowledg
no
other
Soveraign
but
God
,
for
that
upon
his
and
the
Peoples
Appeal
to
the
Sword
for
the
Decision
of
their
respective
Pretensions
,
Judgment
had
been
given
for
the
People
;
who
conceiving
it
to
be
their
Duty
not
to
bear
the
Sword
in
vain
,
had
appointed
the
Court
to
make
Inquisition
for
the
Blood
that
had
been
shed
in
that
Dispute
.
Whereupon
the
President
being
moved
by
Mr.
Solicitor
Coke
in
the
Name
,
and
on
the
Behalf
of
the
good
People
of
England
,
commanded
the
Clerk
of
the
Court
to
proceed
in
the
reading
of
the
Charge
against
him
:
which
being
done
,
the
King
was
required
to
give
his
Anser
to
it
,
and
to
plead
guilty
,
or
not
guilty
.
The
King
demurred
to
the
Jurisdiction
of
the
Court
,
affirming
that
no
Man
,
nor
Body
of
Men
had
Power
to
call
him
to
an
account
,
being
not
intrusted
by
Man
;
and
therefore
accountable
only
to
God
for
his
Actions
;
entring
upon
a
large
Discourse
of
his
being
in
Treaty
with
the
Parliament's
Commissioners
at
the
Isle
of
Wight
,
and
his
being
taken
from
thence
he
knew
not
how
,
when
he
thought
he
was
come
to
a
Conclusion
with
them
.
This
Discourse
seeming
not
to
the
purpose
,
the
President
told
him
,
that
as
to
his
Plea
of
not
being
accountable
to
Man
,
seeing
God
by
his
Providence
had
over-ruled
it
,
the
Court
had
resolved
to
do
so
also
;
and
that
if
he
would
give
no
other
Answer
,
that
which
he
had
given
should
be
registred
,
and
they
would
proceed
as
if
he
had
confessed
the
Charge
:
In
order
to
which
the
President
commanded
his
Answer
to
be
entred
,
directing
Serjeant
Dendy
,
who
attended
the
Court
,
to
withdraw
the
Prisoner
;
which
as
he
was
doing
,
many
Persons
cried
out
in
the
Hall
,
Justice
,
Justice
.
The
King
being
withdrawn
,
the
Court
adjourned
into
the
Painted
Chamber
to
consider
what
farther
was
fit
to
be
done
;
and
being
desirous
to
prevent
all
Objections
tending
to
accuse
them
of
Haste
or
Surprize
,
they
resolved
to
convene
him
before
them
publickly
twice
more
;
after
which
if
he
persisted
in
his
Demurrer
to
the
Jurisdiction
of
the
Court
,
then
to
give
Judgment
against
him
.
And
that
nothing
might
be
wanting
,
in
case
he
should
resolve
to
plead
,
they
appointed
Witnesses
to
be
examined
to
every
Article
of
the
Charge
.
At
the
King
's
second
Appearance
before
the
Court
,
which
was
on
the
22
d
of
January
,
he
carried
himself
in
the
same
manner
as
before
;
whereupon
his
Refusal
being
again
entred
,
and
he
withdrawn
,
the
Court
adjourned
to
the
Painted
Chamber
.
On
the
twenty
third
of
January
the
King
was
brought
a
third
time
before
the
Commissioners
,
where
refusing
to
plead
,
as
he
had
done
before
,
his
Refusal
was
entered
,
and
Witnesses
examined
publickly
to
prove
the
Charge
of
his
levying
War
against
the
Parliament
:
After
which
Solicitor
General
Coke
demanded
of
the
Court
that
they
would
proceed
to
the
pronouncing
of
Sentence
against
the
Prisoner
at
the
Bar
:
whereupon
the
Court
adjourned
into
the
Painted
Chamber
,
and
upon
serious
consideration
declared
the
King
to
be
a
Tyrant
,
Traitor
,
Murderer
,
and
a
publick
Enemy
to
the
Commonwealth
:
that
his
Condemnation
extend
unto
Death
,
by
severing
his
Head
from
his
Body
,
and
that
a
Sentence
grounded
upon
those
Votes
be
prepared
;
which
being
agreed
upon
,
the
King
should
be
ordered
on
the
next
day
following
to
receive
it
.
The
Sentence
being
engrossed
,
was
read
on
the
27
th
of
January
;
and
thereupon
the
Court
resolved
,
that
the
same
should
be
the
Sentence
,
which
should
be
read
and
published
in
Westminster-Hall
the
same
Day
;
that
the
President
should
not
permit
the
King
to
speak
after
the
Sentence
pronounced
;
that
he
should
openly
declare
it
to
be
the
Sense
and
Judgment
of
the
Court
,
and
that
the
Commissioners
should
signify
their
Consent
by
standing
up
.
In
the
Afternoon
the
King
was
brought
to
the
Bar
,
and
desired
that
he
might
be
permitted
to
make
one
Proposition
before
they
proceeded
to
Sentence
;
which
he
earnestly
pressing
,
as
that
which
he
thought
would
tend
to
the
reconciling
of
all
Parties
,
and
to
the
Peace
of
the
three
Kingdoms
,
they
permitted
him
to
offer
it
:
The
effect
of
which
was
,
that
he
might
meet
the
two
Houses
in
the
Painted
Chamber
,
to
whom
he
doubted
not
to
offer
that
which
should
satisfy
and
secure
all
Interests
;
designing
,
as
I
have
been
since
informed
,
to
propose
his
own
Resignation
,
and
the
admission
of
his
Son
to
the
Throne
upon
such
Terms
as
should
have
been
agreed
upon
.
This
Motion
being
new
and
unexpected
to
the
Court
,
who
were
not
willing
to
deny
or
grant
any
thing
without
serious
Deliberation
,
they
withdrew
to
consider
of
it
into
the
Inner
Court
of
Wards
;
and
being
satisfied
upon
debate
,
that
nothing
but
loss
of
time
would
be
the
consequence
of
it
,
they
returned
into
the
Court
with
a
Negative
to
his
Demand
,
telling
him
that
they
met
there
as
a
Court
of
Justice
commissionated
by
the
Parliament
,
of
whose
Authority
they
were
fully
satisfied
:
that
by
their
Commission
they
were
not
authorized
to
receive
any
Proposals
from
him
,
but
to
proceed
to
the
Trial
of
him
;
that
in
order
thereto
,
his
Charge
had
been
read
to
him
,
to
which
if
he
would
have
pleaded
,
the
Counsel
for
the
Commonwealth
were
ready
to
have
proved
it
against
him
:
that
he
had
thrice
demurred
to
the
Jurisdiction
of
the
Court
,
which
Demurrer
the
Court
had
overruled
and
registred
,
ordering
to
proceed
against
him
,
as
if
he
had
confessed
the
Charge
;
and
that
if
he
had
any
Proposition
to
make
,
it
was
proper
for
him
to
address
it
to
the
Parliament
,
and
not
to
them
.
Then
the
Presideut
enlarged
upon
the
horrid
Nature
of
those
Crimes
,
of
which
he
had
been
accused
,
and
was
now
convicted
;
declaring
that
the
only
just
Power
of
Kings
was
derived
from
the
Consent
of
the
People
:
That
whereas
the
People
had
intrusted
him
to
see
their
Laws
put
in
Execution
,
he
had
endeavoured
throughout
the
whole
Course
of
his
Reign
to
subvert
those
good
Laws
,
and
to
introduce
an
Arbitrary
and
Tyrannical
Government
in
the
room
of
them
:
That
to
cut
off
all
hopes
of
redress
he
had
attempted
from
the
beginning
of
his
Reign
,
either
wholly
to
destroy
Parliaments
,
or
to
render
them
only
subservient
to
his
own
corrupt
Designs
:
That
tho
he
had
consented
,
the
publick
Necessities
so
requiring
,
that
this
Parliament
should
not
be
dissolved
but
by
an
Act
of
themselves
,
he
had
levied
War
against
them
,
that
he
might
not
only
dissolve
them
,
but
by
the
Terrour
of
his
Power
for
ever
discourage
such
Assemblies
from
doing
their
Duty
:
That
in
this
War
many
thousands
of
the
good
People
of
England
had
lost
their
Lives
:
That
in
obedience
to
what
God
commanded
,
and
the
Nation
expected
,
the
Parliament
had
appointed
this
Court
to
make
Inquisition
for
this
Blood
,
and
to
try
him
for
the
same
:
That
his
Charge
had
been
read
to
him
,
and
he
required
to
give
an
Answer
to
it
;
which
he
having
thrice
refused
to
do
,
he
acquainted
him
that
the
Court
had
resolved
to
pronounce
Sentence
against
him
,
and
thereupon
commanded
the
Clerk
to
read
it
,
which
he
did
,
being
to
this
effect
:
That
the
King
for
the
Crimes
contained
in
the
Charge
,
should
be
carried
back
to
the
Place
from
whence
he
came
,
and
thence
to
the
Place
of
Execution
,
where
his
Head
should
be
severed
from
his
Body
:
which
Sentence
being
read
,
the
Commissioners
testified
their
unanimous
Assent
by
their
standing
up
.
The
King
would
have
spoken
something
before
he
was
withdrawn
;
but
being
accounted
dead
in
Law
immediately
after
Sentence
pronounced
,
it
was
not
permitted
.
The
Court
withdrew
also
,
and
agreed
that
the
Sentence
should
be
put
in
Execution
on
the
Tuesday
following
,
which
would
be
the
30
th
of
January
1648.
The
King
having
refused
such
Ministers
as
the
Court
appointed
to
attend
him
,
desired
that
Dr.
Juxton
late
Bishop
of
London
might
be
permitted
to
come
to
him
;
which
being
granted
,
and
Adjutant
General
Allen
sent
to
acquaint
the
Doctor
with
the
King's
Condition
and
Desires
,
he
being
altogether
unprepared
for
such
a
Work
,
broke
out
into
these
Expressions
,
God
save
me
,
what
a
Trick
is
this
,
that
I
should
have
no
more
Warning
,
and
I
have
nothing
ready
!
but
recollecting
himself
a
little
,
he
put
on
his
Scarf
and
his
other
Furniture
,
and
went
with
him
to
the
King
,
where
having
read
the
Common
Prayer
and
one
of
his
old
Sermons
,
he
administred
the
Sacrament
to
him
;
not
forgetting
to
use
the
Words
of
the
Confession
set
down
in
the
Liturgy
,
inviting
all
those
that
truly
repent
to
make
their
Confession
before
the
Congregation
then
gathered
together
;
tho
there
was
none
present
but
the
King
and
himself
.
The
High
Court
of
Justice
appointed
a
Committee
to
inspect
the
Parts
about
Whitehall
for
a
convenient
place
for
the
Execution
of
the
King
,
who
having
made
their
Report
,
it
was
agreed
that
a
Scaffold
should
be
erected
to
that
purpose
near
the
Banqueting-House
,
and
order
given
to
cover
it
with
black
:
The
same
day
,
being
the
29
th
of
January
,
they
signed
a
Warrant
for
his
Execution
,
to
which
about
threescore
of
the
Commissioners
set
their
Hands
and
Seals
,
directing
it
to
Col.
Hacker
,
Col.
Hunks
,
and
Col.
Phaier
,
or
either
of
them
.
The
Duke
of
Glocester
and
the
Lady
Elizabeth
waited
on
the
King
the
same
day
to
take
their
leave
of
him
.
An
Extraordinary
Ambassador
from
the
United
Provinces
had
his
Audience
in
the
Parliament
;
his
business
was
to
intercede
with
them
for
the
Life
of
the
King
,
and
to
preserve
a
fair
Correspondence
between
England
and
the
States
.
The
next
day
about
eight
in
the
Morning
the
King
,
attended
by
a
Guard
,
was
brought
from
St.
James's
through
the
Park
to
Whitehall
,
where
having
drunk
a
Glass
or
two
of
red
Wine
,
and
stayed
about
two
hours
in
a
private
Room
,
he
was
conducted
to
the
Scaffold
out
of
a
Window
of
the
Banqueting-house
;
and
having
made
a
Speech
,
and
taken
off
his
George
,
he
kneeled
down
at
the
Block
,
and
the
Executioner
performed
his
Office
.
The
Body
was
ordered
to
be
interred
at
Windsor
:
The
Duke
of
Lenox
,
the
Marquiss
of
Hertford
,
the
Earls
of
Southampton
and
Lindsey
,
with
some
others
having
Leave
from
the
Parliament
,
attended
it
to
the
Grave
.
A
Report
of
the
Proceedings
of
the
High
Court
of
Justice
being
made
to
the
Parliament
,
they
declared
,
That
the
Persons
imployed
in
that
important
Service
had
discharged
their
Trust
with
Courage
and
Fidelity
;
that
the
Parliament
was
well
satisfied
with
the
Account
of
their
Proceedings
,
ordering
them
to
be
engrossed
,
and
recorded
amongst
the
Parliament-Rolls
,
in
order
to
transmit
the
Memory
thereof
to
Posterity
;
and
resolved
that
the
Commissioners
of
the
Great
Seal
should
issue
a
Certiorari
to
their
Clerk
to
record
those
Proceedings
in
the
Chancery
,
and
that
the
same
should
be
sent
to
the
other
Courts
at
Westminster
,
and
to
the
Custos
Rotulorum
of
each
County
.
Judg
Jenkins
,
Sir
John
Stowel
,
and
divers
other
Persons
,
who
were
Prisoners
,
and
had
carried
themselves
very
insolently
,
now
finding
the
Parliament
to
be
in
earnest
,
began
to
come
to
a
better
Temper
.
Colonel
Middleton
,
who
was
also
a
Prisoner
at
Newcastle
upon
Parole
,
ran
away
to
Scotland
;
and
being
required
to
return
,
answered
,
That
his
Life
was
dearer
to
him
than
his
Honour
.
Sir
Marmaduke
Langdale
made
his
escape
also
;
and
Sir
Lewis
Dives
through
a
House
of
Office
in
Whitehall
.
The
Lord
Capel
got
out
of
the
Tower
;
but
being
discovered
by
a
Waterman
as
he
crossed
the
Thames
,
he
was
seized
in
a
House
at
Lambeth
.
Duke
Hamilton
also
escaped
out
of
Windsor-Castle
,
and
came
to
Southwark
;
where
knocking
at
the
Door
of
an
Inn
,
he
was
seized
by
a
Souldier
,
who
knew
him
,
and
was
passing
by
that
way
;
whereupon
he
was
committed
to
the
Tower
.
The
House
of
Lords
becoming
now
the
Subject
of
the
Consideration
and
Debate
of
the
Parliament
,
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
appeared
for
them
,
having
already
had
a
close
Correspondence
with
many
of
them
;
and
,
it
may
be
,
presuming
he
might
have
farther
use
of
them
in
those
Designs
he
had
resolved
to
carry
on
:
but
they
not
meeting
in
their
House
at
the
time
to
which
they
had
adjourned
,
much
facilitated
their
Removal
;
so
that
the
Question
being
put
,
Whether
the
House
of
Commons
should
take
Advice
of
the
House
of
Lords
in
the
Exercise
of
the
Legislative
Power
,
it
was
carried
in
the
Negative
,
and
thereupon
resolved
,
That
the
House
of
Peers
was
useless
and
dangerous
,
and
ought
to
be
abolished
;
and
an
Act
was
soon
after
passed
to
that
effect
.
After
this
they
proceeded
to
declare
,
That
the
Office
of
a
King
in
this
Nation
is
unnecessary
,
burdensome
and
dangerous
to
the
Liberty
,
Safety
,
and
publick
Interest
of
the
People
,
and
therefore
ought
to
be
abolioshed
;
and
that
they
will
settle
the
Government
of
the
Nation
in
the
way
of
a
Commonwealth
.
To
this
end
they
ordered
a
Declaration
to
be
published
,
whereby
it
was
declared
Treason
for
any
Person
to
endeavour
to
promote
Charles
Stuart
to
be
King
of
England
,
or
any
other
single
Person
to
be
chief
Governour
thereof
:
They
also
ordered
the
Great
Seal
,
and
other
Seals
,
which
had
the
Image
of
the
late
King
on
them
,
to
be
defaced
;
and
appointed
new
ones
to
be
made
with
the
Stamp
of
the
House
of
Commons
on
one
side
,
accompanied
with
this
Inscription
,
The
Great
Seal
of
the
Parliament
of
the
Commonwealth
of
England
:
On
the
other
side
was
engraven
the
Cross
and
the
Harp
,
being
the
Arms
of
England
and
Ireland
,
with
this
Inscription
,
God
with
us
:
Ordering
all
Writs
formerly
running
in
the
King's
Name
,
to
be
issued
out
in
the
Name
of
the
Keepers
of
the
Liberty
of
England
.
A
High
Court
of
Justice
was
constituted
by
Act
of
Parliament
for
the
trying
of
Duke
Hamilton
,
the
Earl
of
Holland
,
the
Lord
Goring
,
the
Lord
Capel
,
and
Sir
John
Owen
.
Duke
Hamilton
pleaded
that
he
entred
into
England
as
an
Enemy
,
being
of
another
Nation
,
and
born
before
the
Act
of
Union
,
and
consequently
not
to
be
tried
by
the
Laws
of
this
;
besides
he
had
surrendred
himself
upon
Conditions
.
The
rest
of
the
Lords
pleaded
Articles
also
,
and
so
did
Sir
John
Owen
:
But
that
Allegation
appeared
to
be
of
no
weight
by
the
Testimony
of
the
General
,
in
relation
to
the
Lords
Goring
and
Capel
,
and
by
the
Evidence
of
Col.
Wayte
touching
Duke
Hamilton
;
the
like
being
affirmed
by
other
Witnesses
against
the
Earl
of
Holland
and
Sir
John
Owen
:
for
if
there
had
been
any
Promise
made
to
any
of
them
,
either
implicitely
or
by
word
of
Mouth
,
it
could
only
extend
to
protect
them
from
the
Military
,
not
the
Civil
Sword
:
And
as
to
the
Plea
for
Duke
Hamilton
,
that
he
was
born
before
the
two
Nations
were
united
,
it
was
answered
that
they
tried
him
not
as
Duke
Hamilton
,
but
as
Earl
of
Cambridg
,
in
which
Capacity
he
had
sate
as
a
Peer
of
England
,
and
therefore
a
Subject
thereof
:
So
that
upon
full
Evidence
they
were
all
sentenced
by
the
Court
,
to
have
their
Heads
struck
off
for
High
Treason
,
in
levying
War
against
the
Parliament
of
England
.
Earnest
Solicitations
and
Petitions
were
made
for
them
to
the
Parliament
;
but
they
thought
not
fit
to
reprieve
the
Duke
,
the
Earl
of
Holland
,
or
the
Lord
Capel
.
Touching
the
Lord
Goring
the
House
was
equally
divided
,
and
the
Speaker
having
upon
such
Occasions
the
determining
Voice
,
gave
it
for
his
Reprieve
.
Commissary
General
Ireton
observing
no
Motion
consider
that
he
was
a
Commoner
,
and
therefore
more
properly
to
have
been
tried
in
another
way
by
a
Jury
:
whereupon
the
House
reprieved
him
also
.
The
other
three
were
executed
a
day
or
two
after
in
the
New
Palace-Yard
before
Westminster-Hall
,
in
pursuance
of
a
Warrant
signed
by
the
Court
to
that
purpose
,
the
Parliament
refusing
to
hearken
to
the
Earl
of
Denbigh
,
who
proposed
on
the
behalf
of
Duke
Hamilton
his
Brother-in-law
,
to
give
them
a
Blank
signed
by
the
said
Duke
,
to
answer
faithfully
to
such
Questions
as
should
be
there
inserted
.
The
Parliament
having
resolved
to
constitute
a
Council
of
State
,
the
better
to
carry
on
the
executive
part
of
the
Government
,
authorized
five
of
their
Members
to
agree
upon
the
Number
and
Persons
of
such
as
they
thought
fit
to
be
proposed
to
the
Parliament
for
their
Approbation
.
The
five
impowered
to
this
end
by
the
Parliament
,
were
Mr.
John
Lisle
,
Mr.
Cornelius
Holland
,
Mr.
Luke
Robinson
,
Mr.
Thomas
Scot
,
and
Me
,
who
tho
sensible
of
my
Unfitness
for
so
great
a
Work
,
and
of
the
Envy
it
would
be
attended
with
,
yet
being
required
by
my
Country
to
assist
in
this
Service
,
I
resolved
to
use
the
best
of
my
Endeavours
therein
.
The
Number
agreed
upon
was
thirty
five
,
which
we
filled
up
with
such
Persons
as
we
thought
best
qualified
with
Integrity
and
Abilities
sutable
to
so
important
a
Station
.
Four
of
them
were
Lords
,
and
the
rest
Commoners
.
The
House
agreed
to
our
Report
,
only
they
were
pleased
to
add
us
five
to
the
number
proposed
by
us
.
The
Parliament
being
desirous
to
exclude
from
their
Places
those
who
were
likely
to
undo
what
they
had
done
,
and
yet
unwilling
to
lose
the
Assistance
of
many
honest
Men
,
who
had
been
in
the
Country
during
the
late
Transactions
,
passed
an
Order
,
that
such
Members
as
had
not
sate
since
the
Trial
of
the
King
,
should
not
be
admitted
to
fit
,
till
the
House
should
be
particularly
satisfied
concerning
them
;
appointing
the
former
five
,
or
any
three
of
them
,
to
be
a
Committee
to
receive
Satisfaction
touching
the
Affections
to
the
Publick
Interest
,
of
every
Member
who
had
not
sate
since
the
time
aforesaid
,
and
the
Reasons
of
his
Absence
;
and
to
make
their
Report
to
the
Parliament
concerning
them
.
Prince
Charles
finding
his
Affairs
in
England
to
be
in
a
desperate
Condition
,
concluded
an
Agreement
with
the
Irish
Rebels
,
granting
them
full
Indemnity
for
what
they
had
hitherto
acted
,
and
encouraging
them
to
carry
on
their
Cruelties
against
the
English
by
his
Commission
.
The
Lord
Inchequin
had
already
declared
for
him
,
and
joined
with
the
Irish
Rebels
.
The
Earl
of
Ormond
was
dispatched
to
Ireland
for
the
same
purpose
;
and
as
a
Pledg
that
Prince
Charles
would
follow
,
his
Baggage
and
Horses
were
sent
thither
before
.
The
Scots
fearing
their
Clergy
would
not
be
permitted
long
to
insult
over
the
People
,
expressed
themselves
highly
dissatisfied
with
our
Proceedings
in
England
,
and
chose
rather
to
espouse
the
Interest
of
Prince
Charles
,
than
to
enjoy
the
Fruit
of
what
they
had
contended
for
against
his
Father
,
publickly
declaring
that
they
were
obliged
by
the
Covenant
to
promote
the
Government
of
a
King
,
Lords
and
Commons
,
which
Government
the
Parliament
of
England
had
thought
fit
to
alter
.
We
endeavoured
to
satisfy
their
Commissioners
,
by
shewing
them
the
Reasons
of
our
late
Resolutions
;
but
they
refusing
to
hear
them
,
returned
home
to
their
own
Country
,
where
they
found
things
disposed
to
an
Accommodation
with
Prince
Charles
,
upon
presumption
that
when
by
his
Assistance
they
had
destroyed
the
Sectarian
Party
,
as
they
called
them
,
they
should
be
able
to
govern
him
well
enough
:
but
he
supposing
he
had
an
easier
part
to
act
with
the
Irish
,
whose
Principles
were
more
sutable
to
his
Inclinations
,
refused
to
hearken
to
them
at
that
time
.
Col.
Edward
Popham
,
Col.
Richard
Dean
,
and
Col.
Robert
Blake
,
were
appointed
by
the
Parliament
to
command
the
Fleet
;
the
latter
being
designed
with
a
Squadron
to
cruise
upon
the
Irish
Coast
,
in
order
to
meet
and
fight
the
Ships
commanded
by
Prince
Rupert
.
Col.
Popham
was
sent
towards
Lisbon
to
intercept
the
Portugal
Fleet
coming
home
from
their
Islands
,
because
they
had
protected
some
Ships
that
had
revolted
from
us
,
and
sheltred
them
from
our
Fleet
that
was
in
pursuit
of
them
,
and
had
offered
some
Affronts
to
our
Agent
Mr.
Vane
,
who
was
sent
thither
to
endeavour
a
right
Understanding
between
the
two
Nations
.
General
Dean
with
another
Squadron
was
ordered
to
remain
for
the
Service
of
the
Channel
.
This
they
did
,
well
understanding
how
great
Reputation
a
considerable
Fleet
would
give
to
their
Affairs
,
and
of
what
Importance
it
is
to
this
Nation
always
to
guard
the
Seas
,
and
more
particularly
in
that
Conjuncture
.
The
Parliament
much
inclining
to
preserve
a
good
Correspondence
with
the
States
General
of
the
United
Provinces
,
sent
Dr.
Dorislaus
into
Holland
to
be
their
Agent
there
,
who
,
a
little
after
his
Arrival
at
the
Hague
,
was
assaulted
by
about
ten
Assassins
,
English
and
Scots
,
who
broke
into
his
Lodgings
and
murdered
him
:
and
tho
this
Action
was
so
infamous
,
and
contrary
to
the
Right
of
Nations
,
yet
the
Dutch
were
not
very
forward
to
find
out
the
Criminals
in
order
to
bring
them
to
Justice
.
Mr.
Ascham
who
was
sent
into
Spain
with
a
Publick
Character
also
,
was
used
in
the
like
manner
,
by
three
Persons
coming
to
his
House
at
Madrid
,
where
pretending
to
be
English
Merchants
,
they
were
admitted
;
and
as
he
saluted
the
first
of
them
,
was
struck
into
the
Head
by
him
with
a
Poniard
;
and
his
Secretary
endeavouring
to
make
his
Escape
,
was
killed
with
him
.
The
Murderers
took
Sanctuary
in
a
Church
;
but
by
an
Order
of
State
they
were
forced
from
thence
,
and
committed
to
Prison
;
of
which
the
Church-men
loudly
complained
,
after
their
usual
manner
,
as
an
injurious
violation
of
their
Immunities
.
The
Squadron
commanded
by
Col.
Blake
being
first
ready
,
set
fail
for
the
Irish
Coast
,
where
Prince
Rupert
thinking
himself
not
in
a
condition
to
fight
him
,
retired
with
his
Ships
into
the
Harbour
of
Kingsale
,
under
the
Protection
of
the
Fort.
Col.
Popham
was
next
dispatched
with
his
Squadron
for
Portugal
,
and
was
pleased
to
employ
a
Brother
of
mine
as
Lieutenant
of
that
Ship
,
which
was
commanded
by
himself
.
The
Spanish
Ambassador
was
the
first
that
made
application
to
us
from
any
Foreign
State
.
But
the
Parliament
not
being
satisfied
with
the
Address
of
his
Credentials
,
refused
to
receive
them
till
it
should
be
directed
to
the
Parliament
of
the
Commonwealth
of
England
:
declaring
,
that
tho
they
did
not
affect
any
slattering
Titles
,
yet
they
resolved
to
have
their
Authority
owned
by
all
these
who
made
their
Addresses
to
them
.
With
which
the
Court
of
Spain
being
made
acquainted
,
the
Ambassador
received
Instructions
from
the
King
his
Master
to
that
end
,
and
framed
the
Direction
according
to
our
Desires
.
Our
Affairs
beginning
to
acquire
Reputation
,
and
to
carry
a
fair
Probability
of
Success
,
divers
Members
of
Parliament
who
had
been
long
absent
,
addressed
themselves
to
the
Committee
before
mentioned
,
in
order
to
their
admission
to
sit
in
Parliament
,
and
some
of
them
would
not
scruple
to
give
any
Satisfaction
that
was
desired
to
the
Questions
proposed
unto
them
;
which
were
,
Whether
they
joined
in
,
or
approved
that
I'ote
,
declaring
the
King's
Concessions
a
Ground
for
a
future
Settlement
?
Whether
they
approved
of
the
Proceedings
against
the
King
?
and
whether
they
would
engage
to
be
true
to
a
Commonwealth
Government
?
But
we
apprehending
such
extraordinary
Expulsions
as
had
been
lately
used
,
to
be
extremely
hazardous
to
the
Publick
Safety
,
made
it
our
Endeavour
to
keep
those
from
a
Re-admission
,
who
might
necessitate
another
occasion
of
using
the
like
Remedy
.
And
therefore
,
tho
all
possible
Satisfaction
were
given
in
Words
,
we
did
,
by
weighing
the
former
Deportment
of
every
particular
Member
who
presented
himself
,
desire
to
be
in
some
measure
assured
,
that
they
would
be
true
to
what
they
promised
,
in
case
the
Common-wealth
Interest
should
come
to
be
disputed
,
before
we
would
report
their
Condition
to
the
House
.
Some
of
the
House
of
Lords
having
procured
themselves
to
be
chosen
by
the
People
,
sat
in
Parliament
upon
the
Foot
of
their
Election
:
in
which
Number
was
Philip
Earl
of
Pembroke
,
who
being
chosen
by
the
Freeholders
of
the
County
of
Berks
,
upon
his
admission
to
the
House
,
signed
the
Engagement
,
as
the
rest
of
the
Members
who
sat
there
had
done
;
the
Contents
of
which
was
,
To
be
true
and
faithful
to
the
Commonwealth
,
as
it
was
established
without
a
King
or
House
of
Lords
.
The
same
Engagement
was
taken
by
the
Earl
of
Salisbury
and
the
Lord
Edward
Howard
,
when
they
took
their
Places
in
Parliament
,
after
they
had
been
elected
to
serve
there
.
Whilst
we
were
thus
providing
for
our
Security
in
England
,
our
Affairs
in
Ireland
had
not
the
same
Success
,
the
Earl
of
Ormond
having
reconciled
the
English
in
Munster
to
the
Supreme
Council
of
the
Irish
Rebels
,
the
Scots
also
in
the
North
falling
in
with
them
against
us
:
with
whom
some
Gentlemen
of
those
Parts
joined
,
tho
they
had
engaged
themselves
to
the
contrary
.
Yet
one
thing
happened
tending
very
much
to
the
preservation
of
Dublin
,
and
those
few
Places
that
were
kept
for
the
Parliament
,
which
was
,
that
Owen
Roe
O
Neal
who
was
General
of
the
Old
Irish
,
as
they
were
termed
,
could
by
no
means
be
brought
to
a
Conjunction
with
the
English
.
Sir
Charles
Coote
being
besieged
in
London-derry
,
agreed
to
supply
the
Besiegers
with
Powder
,
upon
their
engaging
to
furnish
him
with
such
Provisions
as
he
wanted
,
which
was
performed
on
both
sides
:
and
the
Lord
Inchequin
who
was
besieging
Dundalk
promised
to
do
the
like
for
Colonel
Monk
,
who
then
commanded
in
that
Place
,
upon
the
same
Conditions
;
which
was
performed
on
Monk's
part
;
but
as
his
Men
were
carrying
off
the
Ammunition
,
they
were
fallen
upon
by
a
Party
of
Inchequin's
Horse
,
the
Ammunition
taken
away
,
and
many
of
them
killed
.
The
Scots
drawing
about
Dundalk
,
most
of
the
Garison
revolted
to
them
;
whereupon
Monk
delivered
up
the
Place
,
upon
condition
that
he
should
be
permitted
to
return
into
England
:
where
being
arrived
,
he
met
with
a
cold
Reception
from
the
Parliament
,
upon
suggestion
,
that
he
had
corresponded
with
the
Irish
Rebels
.
About
this
time
an
Agent
from
Owen
Roe
O
Neal
came
privately
to
London
,
and
found
out
a
way
to
acquaint
the
Council
of
State
,
that
if
they
thought
sit
a
grant
him
a
safe
Conduct
,
he
would
make
some
Propositions
to
them
that
would
be
for
their
Service
.
The
Council
,
to
avoid
any
Misconstruction
of
their
Actions
,
refused
to
hear
him
;
but
appointed
a
Committee
to
speak
with
him
,
of
which
I
was
one
,
ordering
us
to
report
to
them
what
he
should
propose
.
His
Proposition
was
,
that
the
Party
commanded
by
O
Neal
should
submit
to
,
and
act
for
the
Parliament
,
if
they
might
obtain
Indemnity
for
what
was
passed
,
and
Assurance
of
the
Enjoyment
of
their
Religion
and
Estates
for
the
time
to
come
.
We
asked
him
why
they
made
application
to
us
,
after
they
had
refused
to
join
with
those
who
had
been
in
Treaty
with
the
King
?
He
answered
,
that
the
King
had
broken
his
Word
with
them
;
for
tho
they
had
deserved
well
of
him
,
and
he
had
made
them
many
fair
Promises
,
yet
when
he
could
make
better
Terms
with
any
other
Party
,
he
had
been
always
ready
to
sacrifice
them
.
We
asked
him
farther
,
Why
they
had
not
made
their
Application
sooner
?
he
told
us
,
because
such
Men
had
been
possessed
of
the
Power
,
who
had
sworn
their
Extirpation
;
but
that
now
it
was
believed
to
be
the
Interest
of
those
in
Authority
to
grant
Liberty
of
Conscience
;
promising
,
that
if
such
Liberty
might
be
extended
to
them
,
they
would
be
as
zealous
for
a
Commonwealth
as
any
other
Party
,
instancing
in
many
Countries
where
they
were
so
.
We
informed
him
,
that
it
was
our
Opinion
that
the
Council
would
not
promise
Indemnity
to
all
that
Party
,
they
being
esteemed
to
have
been
the
principal
Actors
in
the
bloody
Massacre
at
the
beginning
of
the
Rebellion
:
Neither
did
we
think
that
they
would
grant
them
the
Liberty
of
their
Religion
,
believing
it
might
prove
dangerous
to
the
Publick
Peace
.
The
Council
upon
our
Report
of
what
had
passed
at
the
Conference
,
concurred
with
our
Opinion
;
so
that
having
no
more
to
do
with
the
Agent
,
he
was
required
to
depart
within
a
limited
time
.
The
Farl
of
Ormond
,
General
Preston
,
and
the
Lord
Inchequin
beginning
to
draw
their
Forces
towards
Dublin
,
resolved
first
to
reduce
Tredah
:
in
order
to
which
they
sent
Col.
Worden
thither
with
a
strong
Detachment
of
Horse
and
Foot
,
who
attempting
to
take
it
by
Assault
,
entred
with
most
of
his
Men
,
but
was
beat
out
again
by
an
inconsiderable
Number
of
ours
.
Notwithstanding
which
the
Garison
wanting
Men
to
desend
their
Works
,
their
Provisions
also
being
almost
consumed
,
was
obliged
to
capitulate
,
and
surrender
upon
condition
that
the
Souldiers
should
have
liberty
to
march
to
Duklin
,
the
rest
to
return
home
,
and
to
enjoy
Protection
there
.
Dundalk
and
Tredagh
being
surrendred
to
the
Enemy
,
and
Dublin
threatned
with
a
speedy
Siege
by
the
Forces
of
the
Royalists
and
Irish
,
combined
together
for
the
destruction
of
the
English
,
the
Parliament
taking
into
their
serious
Consideration
the
deplorable
State
of
their
distressed
Friends
,
resolved
to
send
them
Relief
with
all
Expedition
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Enemy
marched
towards
Dublin
,
having
sent
a
Party
of
Horse
before
to
invest
the
Place
,
and
to
prevent
any
Relief
from
Meath-side
;
upon
whose
Approach
Col.
Jones
,
with
the
Forces
he
had
with
him
,
was
obliged
to
retire
to
Jones
.
A
Party
of
Horse
from
the
Town
made
a
Sally
upon
the
Enemy
,
and
were
repulsed
with
some
Loss
;
but
being
reinforced
from
England
by
a
Regiment
of
Horse
commanded
by
Col.
Reynolds
,
and
two
Regiments
of
Foot
,
Col.
Jones
being
also
come
into
the
Town
,
they
resolved
upon
a
vigorous
Defence
.
Immediately
after
the
landing
of
these
Supplies
,
Dublin
was
formally
besieged
by
the
Enemy
,
who
had
a
great
Army
provided
with
all
Necessaries
for
the
carrying
on
of
the
Siege
,
and
furnished
by
the
Country
with
Provisions
in
great
abundance
,
their
Head-quarters
being
at
Rathmims
,
a
Mile
from
Dublin
towards
Wicklom
.
They
took
Rathfarnham
by
storm
,
and
sent
fifteen
hundred
Men
to
fortify
Baggatrath
,
in
order
to
hinder
our
Army
from
landing
at
Ringsend
,
being
within
a
quarter
of
a
Mile
of
it
,
and
lying
triangular
with
it
and
Dublin
.
Baggatrath
had
a
Rampart
of
Earth
about
it
,
and
the
Enemy
had
wrought
upon
it
,
to
augment
its
Strength
,
a
whole
Night
before
they
were
discovered
.
But
the
next
Morning
Col.
Jones
perceiving
their
Design
,
concluded
it
absolutely
necessary
to
endeavour
to
remove
them
from
thence
before
their
Works
were
finished
.
To
that
end
he
drew
all
his
Forces
both
Horse
and
Foot
to
the
Works
that
faced
the
Enemy
;
and
leaving
as
many
as
he
thought
necessary
for
the
Defence
of
the
Town
,
sallied
out
with
the
rest
,
being
between
four
and
five
thousand
,
and
falling
upon
them
,
beat
them
from
their
Works
,
killing
Sir
William
Vaughan
who
commanded
them
,
and
most
of
the
Men
that
were
with
him
,
closely
pursuing
the
rest
who
fled
towards
their
main
Army
,
where
the
Earl
of
Ormond
thought
fit
at
last
to
throw
down
his
Cards
,
which
he
had
before
refused
to
do
,
in
contempt
of
our
Forces
;
and
with
his
Royal
Army
,
as
it
was
called
,
retreated
in
great
Disorder
towards
Rathmims
:
Col.
Jones
pursued
him
close
,
finding
little
Opposition
,
except
from
a
Party
of
the
Lord
Inchequin's
Horse
that
had
formerly
served
the
Parliament
,
who
defended
a
Pass
for
some
time
,
but
were
after
some
Dispute
broken
and
forced
to
fly
.
Having
routed
these
,
he
marched
with
all
Diligence
up
to
the
Walls
of
Rathmims
,
which
were
about
sixteen
Foot
high
,
and
contained
about
ten
Acres
of
Ground
,
where
many
of
the
Enemies
Foot
had
shut
up
themselves
;
but
perceiving
their
Army
to
be
entirely
routed
,
and
their
General
fled
,
they
yielded
themselves
Prisoners
.
After
this
our
Men
continuing
their
Pursuit
,
found
a
Party
of
about
two
thousand
Foot
of
the
Lord
Inchequin's
,
in
a
Grove
belonging
to
Rathgar
,
who
after
some
Defence
obtained
Conditions
for
their
Lives
,
and
the
next
day
most
of
them
took
up
Arms
in
our
Service
.
This
Success
was
the
more
remarkable
,
because
unexpected
on
both
sides
,
our
handful
of
Men
being
led
step
by
step
to
an
absolute
Victory
,
whereas
their
utmost
Design
at
the
beginning
of
the
Action
was
only
to
beat
the
Enemy
from
Baggatrath
:
and
so
surprizing
to
our
Enemies
,
that
they
had
not
time
to
carry
off
their
Money
,
which
lay
at
Rathfarnham
for
the
paying
of
their
Army
,
where
Col.
Jones
seized
four
thousand
Pounds
very
seasonably
for
the
paiment
of
his
Men.
The
Parliament
having
an
Army
ready
to
send
to
Ireland
,
a
sormidable
Fleet
to
put
to
Sea
,
another
Army
to
keep
at
home
for
their
own
Defence
,
and
a
considerable
Force
to
guard
the
North
against
the
Scots
,
who
had
declared
themselves
Enemies
,
and
waited
only
an
Opportunity
of
shewing
it
with
Advantage
,
thought
themselves
obliged
to
expose
to
sale
such
Lands
as
had
been
formerly
possessed
by
Deans
and
Chapters
,
that
they
might
be
enabled
thereby
to
desray
some
part
of
that
great
Charge
that
lay
upon
the
Nation
.
To
this
end
they
authorized
Trustees
to
sell
the
said
Lands
,
provided
they
could
do
it
at
ten
Years
Purchase
,
at
the
least
;
but
such
was
the
good
Opinion
that
the
People
had
conceived
of
the
Parliament
,
that
most
of
those
Lands
were
sold
at
the
clear
Income
of
fifteen
,
sixteen
,
and
seventeen
Years
;
one
half
of
the
Sums
contracted
for
being
paid
down
in
ready
Money
:
besides
which
the
Woods
were
valued
distinctly
,
and
to
be
paid
for
according
to
the
Valuation
.
All
Impropriations
belonging
to
the
said
Deans
and
Chapters
,
as
well
as
those
of
the
Bishops
,
either
in
Possession
or
Reversion
,
were
reserved
from
sale
to
enlarge
the
Maintenance
of
poor
Ministers
.
Yet
this
was
not
sufficient
to
restrain
that
Generation
of
Men
from
inveighing
against
the
Parliament
,
and
conspiring
with
their
Enemies
both
at
home
and
abroad
,
to
weaken
their
hands
,
and
if
possible
to
render
them
unable
to
carry
on
the
Publick
Service
.
The
Fee-farm
Rents
formerly
belonging
to
the
Crown
,
were
also
sold
;
and
yet
such
was
the
necessity
of
Affairs
,
that
notwithstanding
all
this
the
Parliament
found
themselves
obliged
to
lay
a
Tax
of
a
hundred
and
twenty
thousand
Pounds
a
Month
upon
the
Nation
;
which
Burden
they
bore
for
the
most
part
without
regret
,
being
convinced
that
it
was
wholly
applied
to
the
Use
of
the
Publick
,
and
especially
because
those
who
imposed
it
paid
an
equal
Proportion
with
the
rest
.
The
Crown-Lands
were
assigned
to
pay
the
Arrears
of
those
Souldiers
who
were
in
Arms
in
the
Year
1647.
which
was
done
by
the
Influence
of
the
Officers
of
the
Army
that
was
in
present
Service
,
whereby
they
made
Provision
for
themselves
,
and
neglected
those
who
had
appeared
for
the
Parliament
at
the
first
,
and
had
endured
the
Heat
and
Burden
of
the
day
.
In
the
Month
of
September
,
1649
,
the
Army
embarked
and
set
sail
for
Ireland
;
Commissary
General
Ireton
with
one
part
of
them
designing
for
Munster
,
and
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
,
being
appointed
Lieutenant
of
Ireland
,
with
the
rest
,
for
Dublin
:
But
the
Wind
blowing
a
strong
Gale
from
the
South
,
they
were
both
put
into
the
Bay
of
Dublin
,
where
they
were
received
with
great
Joy
:
for
tho
the
Enemies
Army
had
been
beaten
from
the
Siege
of
that
Place
,
and
Col.
Jones
with
the
small
Forces
he
had
with
him
had
made
the
best
Improvement
he
could
of
that
Advantage
,
by
reducing
some
Garisons
that
lay
nearest
to
him
;
yet
the
Enemies
were
still
in
possession
of
nine
Parts
in
ten
of
that
Nation
,
and
had
fortified
the
most
considerable
Places
therein
.
After
our
Army
had
refreshed
themselves
,
and
were
joined
by
the
Forces
of
Col.
Jones
,
they
mustered
in
all
between
sixteen
and
seventeen
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
.
Upon
their
Arrival
the
Enemies
withdrew
,
and
put
most
of
their
Army
into
their
Garisons
,
having
placed
three
or
four
thousand
of
the
best
of
their
Men
,
being
most
English
,
in
the
Town
of
Tredah
,
and
made
Sir
Arthur
Ashton
Governour
thereof
.
A
Resolution
being
taken
to
besiege
that
Place
,
our
Army
sat
down
before
it
,
and
the
Lieutenant
General
caused
a
Battery
to
be
erected
against
an
Angle
of
the
Wall
,
near
to
a
Fort
,
which
was
within
,
called
the
Windmill-Fort
,
by
which
he
made
a
Breach
in
the
Wall
;
but
the
Enemy
having
a
Half-moon
on
the
Out-side
,
which
was
designed
to
flank
the
Angle
of
the
Wall
,
he
thought
fit
to
endeavour
to
possess
himself
of
it
,
which
he
did
by
storm
,
putting
most
of
those
that
were
in
it
to
the
Sword
.
The
Enemy
defended
the
Breach
against
ours
from
behind
an
Earth-work
,
which
they
had
cast
up
within
,
and
where
they
had
drawn
up
two
or
three
Troops
of
Horse
which
they
had
within
the
Town
,
for
the
Encouragement
and
Support
of
their
Foot
:
The
Fort
also
was
not
unserviceable
to
them
in
the
defence
of
the
Breach
.
The
Lieutenant
General
well
knowing
the
Importance
of
this
Action
,
resolved
to
put
all
upon
it
;
and
having
commanded
some
Guns
to
be
loaded
with
Bullets
of
half
a
Pound
,
and
fired
upon
the
Enemies
Horse
,
who
were
drawn
up
somewhat
in
view
;
himself
with
a
Reserve
of
Foot
marched
up
to
the
Breach
,
which
giving
fresh
Courage
to
our
Men
,
they
made
a
second
Attack
with
more
Vigour
than
before
:
Whereupon
the
Enemies
Foot
being
abandoned
by
their
Horse
,
whom
our
Shot
had
forced
to
retire
,
began
to
break
and
shift
for
themselves
;
which
ours
perceiving
,
followed
them
so
close
,
that
they
overtook
them
at
the
Bridg
that
lay
cross
the
River
,
and
separated
that
part
where
the
Action
was
from
the
principal
part
of
the
Town
;
and
preventing
them
from
drawing
up
the
Bridg
,
entred
pell-mell
with
them
into
the
Place
,
where
they
put
all
they
met
with
to
the
Sword
,
having
positive
Orders
from
the
Lieutenant
General
to
give
no
quarter
to
any
Souldier
.
Their
Works
and
Fort
were
also
stormed
and
taken
,
and
those
that
defended
them
put
to
the
Sword
also
,
and
amongst
them
Sir
Arthur
Ashton
,
Governour
of
the
Place
.
A
great
Dispute
there
was
amongst
the
Souldiers
for
his
Artificial
Leg
,
which
was
reported
to
be
of
Gold
,
but
it
proved
to
be
but
of
Wood
,
his
Girdle
being
found
to
be
the
better
Booty
,
wherein
two
hundred
Pieces
of
Gold
were
found
quilted
.
The
Slaughter
was
continued
all
that
day
and
the
next
;
which
extraordinary
Severity
I
presume
was
used
,
to
discourage
others
from
making
Opposition
.
After
that
the
Army
besieged
Wexford
,
and
having
erected
a
Battery
against
the
Castle
,
which
stood
near
the
Wall
of
the
Town
,
and
fired
from
it
most
part
of
the
day
,
whereby
a
small
Breach
was
made
;
Commissioners
were
sent
in
the
Evening
from
the
Enemy
to
treat
about
the
Surrender
of
it
.
In
the
mean
time
our
Guns
continued
firing
,
there
being
no
Cessation
agreed
,
whereby
the
Breach
in
the
Castle
being
made
wider
,
the
Guard
that
was
appointed
to
defend
it
quitted
their
Post
,
and
thereupon
some
of
our
Men
entred
the
Castle
,
and
set
up
their
Colours
at
the
top
of
it
,
which
the
Enemy
having
observed
,
left
their
Stations
in
all
parts
:
so
that
ours
getting
over
the
Walls
,
possessed
themselves
of
the
Town
without
Opposition
,
and
opened
the
Gates
that
the
Horse
might
enter
,
tho
they
could
do
but
little
Service
,
all
the
Streets
being
barred
with
Cables
:
But
our
Foot
pressed
the
Enemy
so
close
,
that
crowding
to
escape
over
the
Water
,
they
so
over-loaded
the
Boats
with
their
Numbers
,
that
many
of
them
were
drowned
.
Great
Riches
were
taken
in
this
Town
,
it
being
accounted
by
the
Enemy
a
Place
of
Strength
;
and
some
Ships
were
seized
in
the
Harbour
,
which
had
much
interrupted
the
Commerce
of
that
Coast.
Commissioners
were
appointed
by
the
Lieutenant
General
to
take
care
of
the
Goods
that
were
found
in
the
Town
belonging
to
the
Rebels
,
that
they
might
be
improved
to
the
best
Advantage
of
the
Publick
.
After
these
Successes
the
Army
grew
sickly
,
many
dying
of
the
Flux
,
which
they
contracted
by
hard
Service
,
and
such
Provisions
as
they
were
not
accustomed
to
.
The
Plague
also
which
had
been
for
some
time
amongst
the
Inhabitants
of
the
Country
,
and
the
Irish
Army
,
now
began
to
seize
upon
ours
.
Of
one
or
both
these
Distempers
Col.
Michael
Jones
,
who
by
his
Courage
and
Conduct
in
the
Service
of
his
Country
,
had
justly
deserved
the
Applause
of
all
,
and
had
been
lately
made
Lieutenant
General
of
the
Horse
by
the
Parliament
,
feel
so
desperately
sick
,
that
being
no
longer
able
to
continue
in
the
Army
,
he
was
carried
,
not
without
Reluctancy
,
to
Wexford
,
where
in
a
few
days
he
died
,
much
lamented
by
the
Army
,
and
by
all
that
desired
the
Prosperity
of
the
English
Interest
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Parliament
was
careful
to
send
Money
,
Recruits
,
and
all
manner
of
Supplies
necessary
to
Ireland
;
which
they
were
the
better
enabled
to
do
by
those
great
Sums
of
Money
daily
brought
in
by
the
Purchasers
of
the
Lands
of
Deans
and
Chapters
,
which
they
thought
fit
for
the
Reasons
before-mentioned
to
expose
to
sale
;
which
as
it
was
an
Advantage
to
the
Nation
in
general
,
by
easing
them
of
some
part
of
their
Contributions
,
so
was
it
no
Detriment
to
any
of
those
Purchasers
who
were
heartily
engaged
in
the
Publick
Service
;
since
if
the
Tide
should
turn
,
and
our
Enemies
become
prevalent
,
such
Persons
were
likely
to
have
no
better
Security
for
the
Enjoyment
of
their
own
Paternal
Estates
.
Upon
this
Consideration
I
contracted
with
the
Trustees
commissionated
by
the
Parliament
,
for
the
Mannors
of
Eastknoel
and
Vpton
in
the
County
of
Wilts
,
wherein
I
employed
that
Portion
which
I
had
received
with
my
Wife
,
and
a
greater
Sum
arising
from
the
Sale
of
a
part
of
my
Patrimonial
Estate
.
The
Winter
approaching
,
and
the
Season
being
very
tempestuous
,
General
Blake
was
obliged
to
enter
into
Harbour
,
by
which
means
Prince
Rupert
with
the
Ships
that
were
with
him
having
an
Opportunity
to
escape
,
set
sail
for
Lisbon
,
where
they
were
received
and
protected
;
but
General
Popham
who
had
waited
some
time
for
the
Portugal
Fleet
bound
thither
from
the
Islands
,
took
eighteen
of
them
loaden
with
Sugars
and
other
valuable
Merchandizes
,
which
he
sent
to
England
under
a
Convoy
,
entrusting
the
Conduct
thereof
to
my
Brother
,
who
,
as
I
said
before
,
was
his
Lieutenant
,
and
died
in
his
Voyage
homewards
.
With
the
rest
he
continued
cruizing
on
the
Coast
of
Portugal
,
attending
Prince
Rupert's
Fleet
,
which
being
drawn
up
under
the
Protection
of
their
Guns
,
and
most
of
the
Men
on
shore
,
ours
took
that
occasion
to
seize
one
of
their
Frigats
,
by
surprizing
the
Watch
,
and
keeping
the
rest
of
the
Men
under
Deck
;
by
which
means
they
brought
her
off
safe
to
the
Fleet.
Our
Army
in
Ireland
,
tho
much
diminished
by
Sickness
and
harassed
by
hard
Duty
,
continued
their
Resolution
to
march
into
the
Enemies
Quarters
,
where
they
reduced
Rosse
with
little
Opposition
:
Goran
also
was
surrendred
to
them
,
together
with
the
Officers
of
that
Place
,
by
the
Souldiers
of
the
Garison
,
upon
promise
of
Quarter
for
themselves
;
their
Officers
being
delivered
at
Discretion
,
were
shot
to
death
.
The
next
Town
they
besieged
was
Kilkenny
,
where
there
was
a
strong
Castle
,
and
the
Walls
of
the
Town
were
indifferent
good
:
Having
erected
a
Battery
on
the
East-side
of
the
Wall
,
our
Artillery
fired
upon
it
for
a
whole
Day
without
making
any
considerable
Breach
;
on
the
other
side
our
Men
were
much
annoyed
by
the
Enemies
shot
from
the
Walls
and
Castle
.
But
the
Garison
being
admonished
by
the
Examples
made
of
their
Friends
at
Tredah
and
Wexford
,
thought
fit
to
surrender
the
Town
timely
,
upon
such
Conditions
as
they
could
obtain
,
which
was
done
accordingly
.
Youghall
,
Cork
and
Kinsale
were
delivered
to
the
Forces
of
the
Parliament
by
the
Contrivance
and
Diligence
of
some
Officers
and
well-affected
Persons
in
those
Places
;
and
thereupon
the
Lieutenant
General
sent
a
Detachment
under
the
Command
of
the
Lord
Broghil
to
their
Assistance
,
in
case
any
thing
should
be
attempted
by
Inchequin
,
or
any
other
,
to
their
Disturbance
;
whilst
he
with
the
rest
of
the
Army
marched
towards
Clonmel
.
Being
upon
his
March
thither
,
he
was
met
by
the
Corporation
of
Feather
,
with
a
Tender
of
their
Submission
,
wherewith
the
Lieutenant
General
was
so
satisfied
,
the
Army
being
far
advanced
into
the
Enemies
Quarters
,
and
having
no
place
of
Refreshment
,
that
he
promised
to
maintain
them
in
the
Enjoyment
of
their
Privileges
.
Having
left
our
sick
Men
here
,
he
marched
and
sat
down
before
Clonmel
,
one
side
of
which
was
secured
by
a
River
,
and
the
rest
of
the
Town
encompassed
with
a
Wall
that
was
well
furnished
with
Men
to
defend
it
.
Our
Guns
having
made
a
Breach
in
the
Wall
,
a
Detachment
of
our
Men
was
ordered
to
storm
;
but
the
Enemy
by
the
means
of
some
Houses
that
stood
near
,
and
Earth-works
cast
up
within
the
Wall
,
made
good
their
Breach
till
Night
parted
the
Dispute
,
when
the
Enemy
perceiving
ours
resolved
to
reduce
the
Place
,
beat
a
Parley
,
and
sent
out
Commissioners
to
treat
.
Articles
were
agreed
and
signed
on
both
sides
,
whereby
it
was
concluded
,
that
the
Town
with
all
the
Arms
and
ammunition
therein
,
should
be
delivered
up
the
next
Morning
to
such
of
our
Forces
as
should
be
appointed
to
receive
the
same
.
After
this
Agreement
was
made
and
signed
,
the
General
was
informed
that
Col.
Hugh
O
Neal
Governour
of
the
Place
,
with
all
the
Garison
,
had
marched
out
at
the
beginning
of
the
Night
towards
Waterford
,
before
the
Commissioners
came
out
to
treat
.
It
something
troubled
the
Commanders
to
be
thus
over-reach'd
;
but
Conditions
being
granted
,
they
thought
it
their
Duty
to
keep
them
with
the
Town
.
Dungarvan
and
Carrick
were
next
reduced
,
where
Col.
Reynolds
being
left
with
his
Regiment
of
Horse
,
the
Lieutenant
General
with
the
Army
marched
towards
the
County
of
Waterford
.
The
Enemy
having
observed
ours
marching
on
the
other
side
of
the
River
,
took
that
Advantage
to
draw
together
a
considerable
Body
of
Horse
and
Foot
,
with
which
they
marched
with
all
diligence
to
Carrick
,
and
stormed
it
,
not
at
all
doubting
to
carry
the
Place
,
wherein
there
was
nothing
but
Horse
,
armed
only
with
Swords
and
Pistols
,
to
defend
a
Wall
of
great
compass
.
Yet
did
our
Men
manage
their
Defence
so
well
,
making
use
of
Stones
and
whatsoever
might
be
serviceable
to
them
,
that
the
Enemy
was
beaten
off
with
loss
;
so
that
tho
Forces
were
sent
from
the
Army
to
relieve
their
Friends
upon
the
first
notice
of
their
Danger
,
yet
they
found
the
Work
done
at
their
Arrival
.
The
Army
began
now
to
prepare
for
the
Siege
of
Waterford
,
but
by
the
hard
Service
of
this
Winter
,
and
other
Accidents
,
being
much
diminished
,
and
those
that
remained
being
but
in
a
sickly
Condition
,
it
was
thought
fit
to
send
Orders
to
Dublin
,
requiring
the
Forces
there
who
were
in
better
Health
to
march
towards
Wexford
in
order
to
reinforce
the
Army
before
Waterford
.
The
Lord
Inchequin
,
who
had
notice
of
their
March
,
having
formed
a
Body
of
two
thousand
five
hundred
Horse
,
and
some
Foot
,
resolved
to
fall
upon
them
,
which
he
did
between
Arclo
and
Wexford
,
our
Forces
not
amounting
to
more
than
fifteen
hundred
Foot
,
and
five
hundred
Horse
.
The
Enemies
charged
our
Horse
with
such
Fury
and
Numbers
,
that
they
were
forced
to
retreat
to
their
Foot
;
after
which
falling
upon
our
Foot
,
they
obliged
them
to
retire
to
the
Rocks
that
were
on
the
Shore
in
great
Disorder
:
but
some
of
our
Horse
,
with
a
part
of
our
Foot
,
rallying
again
,
charged
a
Body
of
their
Horse
with
such
Vigour
,
that
they
broke
them
,
and
killed
many
of
them
,
amongst
whom
were
divers
considerable
Persons
;
which
so
discouraged
the
rest
,
that
tho
they
were
the
choicest
of
the
Enemies
Men
,
and
many
of
ours
so
distempered
with
the
Flux
,
that
they
were
forced
to
fight
with
their
Breeches
down
,
yet
durst
they
not
make
any
farther
Attempt
against
them
,
but
drew
off
and
permitted
ours
to
march
to
their
designed
Rendezvouz
without
any
more
Interruption
.
By
which
it
eminently
appeared
of
what
Importance
it
is
towards
the
obtaining
Success
,
to
fight
in
the
Cause
of
our
Country
;
for
these
very
Men
,
as
long
as
they
were
engaged
with
us
,
performed
Wonders
against
the
Rebels
;
and
now
being
engaged
with
them
,
were
almost
as
easily
overcome
as
they
had
beaten
the
Irish
before
:
and
this
was
so
visible
even
to
the
Irish
themselves
,
that
some
time
after
at
a
Consultation
of
the
Chief
Officers
of
Leinster
,
where
it
was
debated
what
Course
to
take
in
order
to
destroy
our
Army
,
some
advising
to
draw
into
a
Body
and
fight
us
,
others
to
betake
themselves
to
the
Woods
and
Bogs
,
and
from
thence
to
break
our
Forces
by
Parties
;
the
Lord
of
Glanmaleiro
assured
them
of
a
way
,
which
,
if
taken
,
would
certainly
effect
it
,
and
that
was
to
induce
us
to
make
Peace
with
them
;
for
,
said
he
,
they
are
a
successful
Army
,
and
our
Men
are
dispirited
,
and
not
likely
to
get
any
thing
by
fighting
with
them
;
and
to
weary
them
out
by
our
Surprizes
and
Depredations
is
impossible
,
as
long
as
the
way
from
England
is
open
for
their
Supplies
;
but
the
other
way
proposed
will
infallibly
ruin
them
:
for
did
not
our
Ancestors
by
the
same
means
render
the
Conquests
of
Queen
Elizabeth
fruitless
to
England
?
and
have
we
not
thereby
ruined
the
Earl
of
Ormond
and
Inchequin
already
,
who
having
been
always
successful
when
against
us
,
have
been
famous
for
nothing
since
their
Conjunction
with
us
,
but
the
Losses
and
Repulses
which
they
have
sustained
?
so
that
if
we
can
perswade
this
Army
to
make
a
Truce
or
League
with
us
,
they
will
become
as
unfortunate
as
the
fornier
.
Whilst
the
Lieutenant
General
was
making
Preparations
for
the
Siege
of
Waterford
,
a
Letter
was
brought
to
him
from
the
Parliament
,
requiring
his
Attendance
in
England
:
In
order
to
which
he
left
the
Command
of
the
Army
with
Commissary
General
Ireton
,
to
carry
on
the
remaining
part
of
the
Work
;
going
himself
to
visit
those
Places
in
Munster
which
had
lately
submitted
to
the
Parliament
,
with
intention
to
settle
the
Civil
as
well
as
Military
Affairs
of
that
Province
.
To
this
end
he
impowered
John
Coke
Esq
to
be
Chief
Justice
of
Munster
;
and
having
accomplished
such
things
as
he
designed
,
embarked
for
England
,
and
soon
after
landed
at
Bristol
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Treaty
between
Prince
Charles
and
the
Presbyterian
Party
in
Scotland
hastening
towards
a
Conclusion
,
the
Forces
which
they
had
raised
by
the
Encouragement
of
our
Army
,
after
they
had
rescued
them
from
the
Power
of
the
Hamiltonian
Party
,
fell
upon
Montrose
,
killed
many
of
his
Men
,
and
took
him
with
divers
other
Officers
Prisoners
,
and
amongst
them
Major
General
Hurry
and
Capt.
Spotiswood
,
who
was
said
to
have
been
concerned
in
the
Assassination
of
Dr.
Dorislaus
our
Agent
in
Holland
.
They
were
all
three
condemned
to
death
,
and
hanged
;
Montrose
being
carried
to
the
Place
of
Execution
in
an
ignominious
manner
,
with
the
Declarations
issued
out
by
him
for
the
King
tied
about
his
Neck
,
where
he
was
executed
on
a
Gibbet
of
thirty
Foot
high
.
His
Quarters
were
placed
upon
the
Gate
through
which
their
King
was
to
pass
at
his
coming
to
Edinburgh
,
which
could
not
but
move
his
Indignation
,
if
he
had
the
least
Sense
of
Honour
,
because
he
had
acted
by
his
Commission
,
and
in
order
to
vest
him
with
that
absolute
and
uncontrolable
Power
which
Kings
think
to
be
most
for
their
Advantage
:
but
the
King
being
instructed
with
other
Maxims
,
struck
up
the
bargain
with
the
Presbyterians
,
and
engaged
to
take
the
Covenant
,
whereupon
they
cried
him
up
for
a
great
Convert
.
Some
Sycophants
in
the
English
Parliament
,
a
Race
of
Men
never
wanting
in
great
Councils
,
pressed
earnestly
for
settling
two
thousand
five
hundred
Pounds
a
Year
upon
the
Lieutenant
General
,
according
to
a
Vote
formerly
passed
in
the
House
;
or
that
it
might
at
least
be
read
once
or
twice
before
his
Arrival
at
Westminster
,
he
being
then
upon
his
way
from
Bristol
.
Upon
this
Motion
I
took
the
liberty
to
acquaint
the
House
,
that
tho
I
would
not
oppose
that
Motion
,
yet
it
was
but
reasonable
to
make
good
their
Promises
also
to
Persons
that
had
served
them
usefully
in
former
occasions
,
desiring
them
to
remember
the
past
Services
of
those
that
they
knew
continued
still
to
be
faithful
to
them
,
tho
not
then
in
actual
Employment
;
and
particularly
not
to
forget
the
important
Services
of
Major
General
Skippon
,
nor
the
Vote
they
had
passed
to
settle
one
thousand
Pounds
a
Year
upon
him
,
which
hitherto
had
been
insignificant
to
him
.
Upon
this
Motion
the
Parliament
ordered
that
the
said
Sum
should
be
paid
yearly
to
him
out
of
the
Receipt
at
Goldsmiths-Hall
,
till
so
much
should
be
settled
upon
him
out
of
the
forseited
Lands
in
Ireland
by
Act
of
Parliament
.
In
consideration
of
this
piece
of
Justice
,
the
Major
General
did
me
ever
after
the
Honour
to
call
me
his
Real
Friend
.
And
now
the
Parliament
being
desirous
to
let
the
People
see
that
they
designed
not
to
perpetuate
themselves
after
they
should
be
able
to
make
a
compleat
Settlement
of
Affairs
,
and
provide
for
the
Security
of
the
Nation
from
Enemies
both
abroad
and
at
home
,
whom
they
had
yet
in
great
Numbers
to
contend
with
,
resolved
that
the
House
would
upon
every
Wednesday
turn
themselves
into
a
Grand
Committee
,
to
debate
concerning
the
manner
of
Assembling
,
and
Power
of
future
successive
Parliaments
;
the
Number
of
Persons
to
be
appointed
to
serve
for
each
County
,
that
the
Nation
might
be
more
equally
represented
than
hitherto
had
been
practised
;
and
touching
the
Qualifications
of
the
Electors
as
well
as
those
to
be
elected
:
which
Order
was
constantly
observed
,
and
considerable
Progress
from
time
to
time
made
therein
.
The
Lieutenant
General
being
arrived
,
and
having
resumed
his
Place
in
the
House
,
the
Parliament
ordered
their
Speaker
to
give
him
Thanks
in
their
Name
for
the
Services
he
had
done
for
the
Commonwealth
in
the
Nation
of
Ireland
.
And
now
the
Council
of
State
concluding
it
highly
necessary
to
make
some
Preparations
against
the
Storm
which
threatned
us
from
the
North
,
and
knowing
that
the
Satisfaction
of
their
General
was
of
great
Importance
to
that
Service
,
desired
the
Lord
Fairfax
to
declare
his
Resolution
concerning
the
same
,
who
after
a
day
or
two's
Consideration
,
at
the
Instigation
chiefly
(
as
was
thought
)
of
his
Wife
,
upon
whom
the
Presbyterian
Clergy
had
no
small
Influence
,
seemed
unwilling
to
march
into
Scotland
;
but
declared
,
that
in
case
the
Scots
should
attempt
to
invade
England
,
he
would
be
ready
to
lay
down
his
Life
in
opposing
them
.
We
laboured
to
perswade
him
of
the
Reasonableness
and
Justice
of
our
Resolution
to
march
into
Scotland
,
they
having
already
declared
themselves
our
Enemies
,
and
by
publick
Protestation
bound
themselves
to
impose
that
Government
upon
us
,
which
we
had
found
necessary
to
abolish
;
and
to
that
end
had
made
their
Terms
with
Prince
Charles
,
waiting
only
an
Opportunity
,
as
soon
as
they
had
strengthned
themselves
by
foreign
Assistance
,
which
they
expected
,
to
put
their
Design
in
execution
,
after
we
should
be
reduced
to
great
Difficulties
incident
to
the
keeping
up
of
an
Army
in
expectation
of
being
invaded
by
them
;
〈◊〉
him
,
that
we
thought
our selves
indispeusably
obliged
in
Duty
to
our
Country
,
and
as
we
tendred
the
Peace
and
Prosperity
of
it
,
as
well
as
to
prevent
the
effusion
of
the
Blood
of
those
who
had
been
,
and
we
hoped
upon
better
Information
would
be
our
Friends
,
to
march
into
Scotland
,
and
either
to
understand
from
them
that
they
are
our
Friends
,
or
to
endeavour
to
make
them
so
;
chusing
rather
to
make
that
Country
the
Seat
of
the
War
than
our
own
.
But
the
Lord
Fairfax
was
unwilling
to
alter
his
Resolution
in
consideration
of
any
thing
that
could
be
said
.
Upon
this
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
pressed
,
that
notwithstanding
the
Unwillingness
of
the
Lord
Fairfax
to
command
upon
this
occasion
,
they
would
yet
continue
him
to
be
General
of
the
Army
;
professing
for
himself
,
that
he
would
rather
chuse
to
serve
under
him
in
his
Post
,
than
to
command
the
greatest
Army
in
Europe
.
But
the
Council
of
State
not
approving
that
Advice
,
appointed
a
Committee
of
some
of
themselves
to
confer
farther
with
the
General
in
order
to
his
Satisfaction
.
This
Committee
was
appointed
upon
the
Motion
of
the
Lieutenant
General
,
who
acted
his
part
so
to
the
Life
,
that
I
really
thought
him
in
earnest
;
which
obliged
me
to
step
to
him
as
he
was
withdrawing
with
the
rest
of
the
Committee
out
of
the
Council-Chamber
,
and
to
desire
him
,
that
he
would
not
in
Compliment
and
Humility
obstruct
the
Service
of
the
Nation
by
his
Refusal
;
but
the
Consequence
made
it
sufficiently
evident
that
he
had
no
such
Intention
.
The
Committee
having
spent
some
time
in
Debate
with
the
Lord
Fairfax
without
any
Success
,
returned
to
the
Council
of
State
,
whereupon
they
ordered
the
Report
of
this
Affair
to
be
made
to
the
Parliament
.
Which
being
done
,
and
some
of
the
General
's
Friends
informing
them
,
that
tho
he
had
shewed
some
Unwillingness
to
be
employed
in
this
Expedition
himself
,
yet
being
more
unwilling
to
hinder
the
undertaking
of
it
by
another
,
he
had
sent
his
Secretary
,
who
attended
at
the
door
,
to
surrender
his
Commission
,
if
they
thought
fit
to
receive
it
;
the
Secretary
was
called
in
,
and
delivered
the
Commission
,
which
the
Parliament
having
received
,
they
proceeded
to
settle
an
annual
Revenue
of
five
thousand
Pounds
upon
the
Lord
Fairfax
,
in
consideration
of
his
former
Services
,
and
then
voted
Lieutenant
General
Cromwell
to
be
Captain
General
of
all
their
Land
Forces
,
ordering
a
Commission
forthwith
to
be
drawn
up
to
that
effect
,
and
referred
to
the
Council
of
State
to
hasten
the
Preparations
for
the
Northern
Expedition
.
A
little
after
,
as
I
sat
in
the
House
near
General
Cromwell
,
he
told
me
,
that
having
observed
an
Alteration
in
my
Looks
and
Carriage
towards
him
,
he
apprehended
that
I
had
entertained
some
Suspicions
of
him
;
and
that
being
perswaded
of
the
Tendency
of
the
Designs
of
us
both
to
the
Advancement
of
the
Publick
Service
,
he
desired
that
a
Meeting
might
be
appointed
,
wherein
we
might
with
freedom
discover
the
Grounds
of
our
Mistakes
and
Misapprehensions
,
and
create
a
good
Understanding
between
us
for
the
future
.
I
answered
,
that
he
had
discovered
in
me
what
I
had
never
perceived
in
my self
;
and
that
if
I
troubled
him
not
so
frequently
as
formerly
,
it
was
either
because
I
was
conscious
of
that
weight
of
Business
that
lay
upon
him
,
or
that
I
had
nothing
to
importune
him
withal
upon
my
own
or
any
other
account
;
yet
since
he
was
pleased
to
do
me
the
Honour
to
desire
a
free
Conversation
with
me
,
I
assured
him
of
my
Readiness
therein
.
Whereupon
we
resolved
to
meet
that
Afternoon
in
the
Council
of
State
,
and
from
thence
to
withdraw
to
a
private
Room
,
which
we
did
accordingly
in
the
Queen's
Guard-Chamber
,
where
he
endeavoured
to
perswade
me
of
the
Necessity
incumbent
upon
him
to
do
several
things
that
appeared
extraordinary
in
the
Judgment
of
some
Men
,
who
in
opposition
to
him
took
such
Courses
as
would
bring
Ruin
upon
themselves
,
as
well
as
him
and
the
Publick
Cause
,
affirming
his
Intentions
to
be
directed
entirely
to
the
Good
of
the
People
,
and
professing
his
Readiness
to
sacrifice
his
Life
in
their
Service
.
I
freely
acknowledged
my
former
Dissatisfaction
with
him
and
the
rest
of
the
Army
,
when
they
were
in
Treaty
with
the
King
,
whom
I
looked
upon
as
the
only
Obstruction
to
the
Settlement
of
the
Nation
;
and
with
their
Actions
at
the
Rendezvouz
at
Ware
,
where
they
shot
a
Souldier
to
Death
,
and
imprisoned
divers
others
upon
the
account
of
that
Treaty
,
which
I
conceived
to
have
been
done
without
Authority
,
and
for
sinister
ends
:
yet
since
they
had
manifested
themselves
convinced
of
those
Errors
,
and
declared
their
Adherence
to
the
Commonwealth
,
tho
too
partial
a
hand
was
carried
both
by
the
Parliament
and
themselves
in
the
distribution
of
Preferments
and
Gratuities
,
and
too
much
Severity
exercised
against
some
who
had
formerly
been
their
Friends
,
and
as
I
hoped
would
be
so
still
,
with
other
things
that
I
could
not
entirely
approve
,
I
was
contented
patiently
to
wait
for
the
accomplishment
of
those
good
things
which
I
expected
,
till
they
had
overcome
the
Difficulties
they
now
laboured
under
,
and
suppressed
their
Enemies
that
appeared
both
at
home
and
abroad
against
them
;
hoping
that
then
their
Principles
and
Interest
would
lead
them
to
do
what
was
most
agreeable
to
the
Constitution
of
a
Commonwealth
,
and
the
Good
of
Mankind
.
He
owned
my
Dissatisfaction
with
the
Army
whilst
they
were
in
Treaty
with
the
King
,
to
be
founded
upon
good
Reasons
,
and
excused
the
execution
done
upon
the
Souldier
at
the
Rendezvouz
,
as
absolutely
necessary
to
keep
things
from
falling
into
Confusion
;
which
must
have
ensued
upon
that
Division
,
if
it
had
not
been
timely
prevented
.
He
professed
to
desire
nothing
more
than
that
the
Government
of
the
Nation
might
be
settled
in
a
free
and
equal
Commonwealth
,
acknowledging
that
there
was
no
other
probable
means
to
keep
out
the
Old
Family
and
Government
from
returning
upon
us
;
declaring
,
that
he
looked
upon
the
Design
of
the
Lord
in
this
day
to
be
the
freeing
of
his
People
from
every
Burden
,
and
that
he
was
now
accomplishing
what
was
prophesied
in
the
110
th
Psalm
;
from
the
consideration
of
which
he
was
often
encouraged
to
attend
the
effecting
those
Ends
,
spending
at
least
an
hour
in
the
Exposition
of
that
Psalm
,
adding
to
this
,
that
it
was
his
Intention
to
contribute
the
utmost
of
his
Endeavours
to
make
a
thorow
Reformation
of
the
Clergy
and
Law
:
but
,
said
he
,
the
Sons
of
Zerrviah
are
yet
too
strong
for
us
;
and
we
cannot
mention
the
Reformation
of
the
Law
,
but
they
presently
cry
out
,
We
design
to
destroy
Propriety
:
Whereas
the
Law
,
as
it
is
now
constituted
,
serves
only
to
maintain
the
Lawyers
,
and
to
encourage
the
Rich
to
oppress
the
Poor
;
affirming
that
Mr.
Coke
,
then
Justice
in
Ireland
,
by
proceeding
in
a
summary
and
expeditious
way
,
determined
more
Causes
in
a
Week
,
than
Westminster-Hall
in
a
Year
;
saying
farther
,
that
Ireland
was
as
a
clean
Paper
in
that
Particular
,
and
capable
of
being
governed
by
such
Laws
as
should
be
found
most
agreeable
to
Justice
;
which
may
be
so
impartially
administred
,
as
to
be
a
good
Precedent
even
to
England
it self
;
where
when
they
once
perceive
Propriety
preserved
at
an
easy
and
cheap
rate
in
Ireland
,
they
will
never
permit
themselves
to
be
so
cheated
and
abused
as
now
they
are
.
At
last
he
fell
into
the
Consideration
of
the
Military
Government
of
Ireland
,
complaining
that
the
whole
Weight
of
it
lay
upon
Major
General
Ireton
;
and
that
if
he
should
by
Death
or
any
other
Accident
be
removed
from
that
Station
,
the
Conduct
of
that
Part
would
probably
fall
into
the
hands
of
such
Men
as
either
by
Principle
or
Interest
were
not
proper
for
that
Trust
,
and
of
whom
he
had
no
certain
Assurance
.
He
therefore
proposed
that
some
Person
of
Reputation
and
known
Fidelity
might
be
sent
over
to
command
the
Horse
there
,
and
to
assist
the
Major
General
in
the
Service
of
the
Publick
,
that
Employment
being
next
in
order
to
his
own
,
desiring
me
to
propose
one
whom
I
thought
sufficiently
qualified
for
that
Station
.
I
told
him
,
that
in
my
Opinion
a
fitter
Man
could
not
be
found
than
Col.
Algernon
Sidney
;
but
he
excepted
against
him
by
reason
of
his
Relation
to
some
who
were
in
the
King's
Interest
,
proposing
Col.
Norton
and
Col.
Hammond
,
yet
making
Objections
against
them
at
the
same
time
:
That
against
Col.
Hammond
I
remember
was
,
that
by
his
late
Deportment
with
relation
to
the
King
,
he
had
so
disobliged
the
Army
,
that
he
apprehended
he
would
not
be
acceptable
to
them
.
After
this
he
entred
upon
a
large
Commendation
of
the
Country
,
and
pressed
me
earnestly
to
think
of
some
Person
capable
of
that
Employment
.
By
this
time
I
perceived
something
of
his
Intentions
concerning
me
;
but
the
Condition
of
my
Affairs
was
such
,
having
lately
married
,
and
by
purchasing
some
Lands
contracted
a
great
Debt
,
that
I
resolved
not
to
accept
of
it
.
The
time
for
the
General
's
Departure
for
the
Expedition
of
Scotland
drawing
near
,
he
moved
the
Council
of
State
,
that
since
they
had
employed
him
about
a
Work
which
would
require
all
his
Care
,
they
would
be
pleased
to
ease
him
of
the
Affairs
of
Ireland
;
which
they
refusing
to
do
,
he
then
moved
,
that
they
would
at
least
send
over
some
Commissioners
for
the
Management
of
the
Civil
Affairs
,
assuring
them
also
that
the
Military
being
more
than
Major
General
Ireton
could
possibly
carry
on
,
without
the
Assistance
of
some
General
Officer
to
command
the
Horse
,
which
Employment
was
become
vacant
by
the
Death
of
the
brave
Lieutenant
General
Jones
,
it
was
absolutely
necessary
to
commissionate
some
Person
of
Worth
to
that
Employment
,
and
to
authorize
him
to
be
one
of
their
Commissioners
for
the
Civil
Government
;
telling
them
,
that
he
had
endeavoured
to
find
out
a
Person
proper
for
that
Service
,
and
to
that
end
had
consulted
with
one
there
present
,
desiring
him
to
recommend
one
fit
for
the
same
;
but
that
neither
of
them
had
proposed
any
that
he
could
approve
so
well
as
the
Person
himself
,
and
therefore
moved
that
he
might
be
appointed
to
that
Employment
;
acquainting
them
,
that
tho
he
himself
was
impowered
by
virtue
of
his
Commission
from
the
Parliament
,
to
nominate
the
Lieutenant
General
of
the
Horse
,
yet
because
the
Gentleman
he
proposed
,
upon
which
he
named
me
,
was
a
Member
of
Parliament
,
and
of
the
Council
of
State
,
he
desired
for
the
better
securing
the
Obedience
of
the
Army
to
me
,
that
the
Parliament
might
be
moved
to
nominate
and
appoint
me
to
that
Charge
.
I
endeavoured
as
well
as
I
could
to
make
the
Council
sensible
of
my
Unfitness
for
an
Employment
of
so
great
Importance
,
acquainting
them
,
that
upon
the
General
's
Desire
I
had
recommended
one
to
him
of
such
Abilities
,
as
I
doubted
not
they
would
judg
better
qualified
for
it
than
my self
,
who
besides
my
want
of
Experience
sufficient
for
that
Service
,
was
so
incumbred
with
Debts
and
Engagements
at
that
time
,
that
I
could
not
possibly
undertake
it
without
hazarding
the
Ruin
of
my
Family
and
Estate
.
But
the
Council
refused
to
allow
my
Excuse
,
which
indeed
was
real
and
unseigned
;
telling
me
,
that
it
would
be
more
proper
to
represent
those
things
to
the
Parliament
,
when
the
Report
should
be
made
to
them
from
the
Council
:
which
was
agreed
upon
to
this
effect
;
That
the
House
should
be
moved
to
appoint
me
Lieutenant
General
of
the
Horse
in
Ireland
;
and
that
General
Cromwell
,
Major
General
Ireton
,
my self
,
Col.
John
Jones
,
and
Major
Richard
Salloway
,
or
any
three
of
us
,
should
be
authorized
by
Act
of
Parliament
to
be
Commissioners
for
the
Administration
of
the
Civil
Affairs
in
that
Nation
.
The
News
of
this
Transaction
was
unwelcome
to
some
of
my
nearest
Relations
and
best
Friends
,
not
only
for
the
Reasons
above-mentioned
,
but
upon
suspicion
that
this
Opportunity
was
taken
by
the
General
to
remove
me
out
of
the
way
,
lest
I
should
prove
an
Obstruction
to
his
Designs
.
But
I
could
not
think
my self
so
considerable
,
and
therefore
could
not
concur
with
them
in
that
Opinion
.
Yet
I
endeavoured
to
clear
my self
of
this
Employment
,
and
knowing
that
this
Affair
was
carried
on
chiefly
by
the
General
's
Influence
,
I
applied
my self
to
him
,
acquainting
him
with
my
present
Circumstances
,
and
assuring
him
that
it
was
altogether
inconvenient
,
and
might
prove
very
prejudicial
to
me
.
He
replied
,
that
Mens
private
Affairs
must
give
place
to
those
of
the
Publick
;
that
he
had
seriously
considered
the
Matter
,
and
that
he
could
not
find
a
Person
so
fit
for
those
Employments
as
my self
,
desiring
me
therefore
to
acquiesce
.
It
was
not
many
days
before
the
Council
of
State
made
their
Report
of
this
Affair
to
the
Parliament
,
where
I
again
pressed
the
Reasons
I
had
used
before
to
the
Council
with
as
much
Earnestness
as
I
could
:
But
they
would
not
hearken
to
me
,
and
without
any
Debate
,
presently
concurred
with
the
Council
therein
,
with
the
addition
only
of
Mr.
John
Weaver
,
a
Member
of
the
House
,
to
be
one
of
the
Commissioners
appointed
to
manage
the
Civil
Government
.
In
the
mean
time
our
Army
proceeded
successfully
in
Ireland
,
where
they
reduced
Waterford
after
a
Siege
of
some
Weeks
;
which
Place
the
Enemy
had
considerably
fortified
:
but
their
Provisions
failing
,
they
were
forced
to
surrender
it
upon
Articles
.
During
this
Siege
the
Army
was
supplied
with
all
Necessaries
by
some
of
our
Ships
that
came
into
the
Harbour
to
that
end
.
After
the
reduction
of
Waterford
a
Detachment
was
made
from
our
Army
to
besiege
Duncannon
,
a
Place
of
considerable
Strength
,
having
seven
hundred
Men
within
to
desend
it
,
tho
one
third
of
their
Number
had
been
sufficient
for
that
purpose
.
This
or
some
other
Cause
produced
the
Plague
amongst
them
,
which
lessened
their
Number
,
and
made
their
Provisions
to
hold
out
the
longer
:
yet
at
last
they
were
constrained
to
deliver
up
the
Place
with
all
the
Arms
and
Ammunition
to
our
Men.
The
Lord
of
Esmond
had
been
Governour
of
this
Place
for
the
English
at
the
beginning
of
the
War
,
and
held
it
out
for
the
space
of
six
or
seven
Months
against
the
Rebels
,
of
whom
he
killed
great
Numbers
before
it
during
the
Siege
that
he
sustained
;
but
being
driven
to
great
Extremities
,
he
was
obliged
to
surrender
it
to
them
;
which
went
so
near
the
gallant
old
Gentleman's
Heart
,
that
he
soon
after
departed
this
Life
.
The
next
Place
our
Army
attempted
was
Carlo
,
an
inland
Garison
,
distant
from
Dublin
about
thirty
Miles
,
and
lying
upon
the
River
Barrow
.
The
Place
was
esteemed
by
the
Enemy
to
be
of
great
Importance
,
and
therefore
fortified
by
them
with
divers
Works
;
besides
,
it
had
a
small
Castle
at
the
foot
of
the
Bridg
,
and
a
River
running
under
the
Walls
of
the
Castle
.
The
Country
beyond
it
were
also
their
Friends
,
and
furnished
them
with
Provisions
in
great
abundance
.
To
prevent
which
,
Major
General
Ireton
found
it
necessary
to
employ
the
principal
part
of
his
Forces
on
the
other
side
of
the
River
Barrow
;
yet
by
what
means
to
secure
a
Communication
between
the
two
parts
of
his
Army
,
was
a
great
Difficulty
,
they
having
neither
Boats
nor
Casks
sufficient
for
that
purpose
.
In
the
end
they
sell
upon
this
Expedient
,
to
bring
together
great
Quantities
of
the
biggest
Reeds
,
and
tying
them
up
in
many
little
Bundles
with
small
Cords
,
they
fastned
them
to
two
Cables
that
were
fixed
in
the
Ground
on
each
side
of
the
River
,
at
the
distance
of
about
eight
or
ten
Yards
from
each
other
:
These
being
covered
with
Wattles
,
bore
Troops
of
Horse
and
Companies
of
Foot
as
well
as
Bridg
arched
with
Stone
.
Whilst
these
things
were
doing
,
most
of
the
Earl
of
Ormona's
Forces
retired
into
Connaught
,
and
those
of
the
Lord
Muskerry
into
Kerry
:
the
Lord
Castlehaven
also
after
he
had
fired
most
of
the
small
Castles
in
Leinster
and
Munster
,
marched
out
of
those
Parts
.
But
the
Enemy
which
most
threatned
the
Disturbance
of
the
Parliament
,
was
that
of
Scotland
,
where
all
Interests
were
united
in
opposition
to
the
present
Authority
in
England
.
They
had
also
many
who
favoured
their
Design
in
our
Nation
,
as
well
Presbyterians
as
Cavaliers
:
the
former
of
these
were
most
bold
and
active
,
upon
presumption
of
more
Favour
in
case
of
ill
Success
.
The
Parliament
being
sensible
of
these
things
,
published
a
Declaration
,
shewing
,
that
they
had
no
Design
to
impose
upon
the
Nation
of
Scotland
any
thing
contrary
to
their
Inclinations
:
That
they
would
leave
them
to
chuse
what
Government
they
thought
most
convenient
for
themselves
,
provided
they
would
suffer
the
English
Nation
to
live
under
that
Establishment
which
they
had
chosen
:
That
it
evidently
appeared
that
the
Scots
were
acted
by
a
Spirit
of
Domination
and
Rule
;
and
that
nothing
might
be
wanting
to
compel
us
to
submit
to
their
Impositions
,
they
had
espoused
the
Interests
of
that
Family
,
which
they
themselves
had
declared
guilty
of
much
precious
Blood
,
and
resolved
to
force
the
same
upon
England
:
That
these
and
other
things
there
mentioned
had
obliged
them
to
send
an
Army
into
Scotland
for
their
own
Preservation
,
and
to
keep
the
Scots
from
destroying
themselves
,
which
they
were
about
to
do
;
resolving
notwithstanding
to
extend
all
possible
Favour
to
such
as
were
seduced
through
Weakness
,
and
misled
by
the
Malice
of
others
.
After
this
General
Cromwell
hastned
to
the
Army
,
which
consisted
of
about
twenty
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
,
where
having
removed
a
Colonel
or
two
,
with
some
inferiour
Officers
,
who
were
unwilling
to
be
employed
in
that
Service
,
and
made
up
a
Regiment
for
Col.
Monk
,
with
six
Companies
out
of
Sir
Arthur
Haslerig's
,
and
six
out
of
Col.
Fenwick's
Regiment
,
he
marched
into
Scotland
without
any
Opposition
,
most
of
the
People
being
fled
from
their
Habitations
towards
Edinburgh
,
whither
all
the
Enemies
Strength
was
drawn
together
.
The
English
Army
drew
up
within
sight
of
the
Town
,
but
the
Scots
would
not
hazard
all
by
the
decision
of
a
Battel
,
hoping
to
tire
us
out
with
frequent
Skirmishes
and
harassing
our
Men
,
relying
much
upon
the
Unsutableness
of
the
Climate
to
our
Constitutions
,
especially
if
they
should
detain
us
in
the
Field
till
Winter
.
Their
Counsels
succeeded
according
to
their
Desires
,
and
our
Army
through
hard
Duty
,
scarcity
of
Provisions
,
and
the
Rigour
of
the
Season
,
grew
very
sickly
,
and
diminished
daily
,
so
that
they
were
necessitated
to
draw
off
to
receive
Supplies
from
our
Shipping
,
which
could
not
come
nearer
to
them
than
Dunbar
,
distant
from
Edinburgh
about
twenty
Miles
.
The
Enemy
observing
our
Army
to
retire
,
followed
them
close
;
and
falling
upon
our
Rear-Guard
of
Horse
in
the
Night
,
having
the
Advantage
of
a
clear
Moon
,
beat
them
up
to
our
Rear-Guard
of
Foot
.
Which
Alarm
coming
suddenly
upon
our
Men
,
put
them
into
some
Disorder
;
but
a
thick
Cloud
interposing
in
that
very
Moment
,
and
intercepting
the
Light
of
the
Moon
for
about
an
Hour
,
our
Army
took
that
Opportunity
to
secure
themselves
,
and
arrived
without
any
further
disturbance
at
Dunbar
,
where
having
shipped
their
heavy
Baggage
and
sick
Men
,
they
designed
to
return
into
England
.
But
the
Enemies
,
upon
Confidence
of
Success
,
had
possessed
themselves
of
all
the
Passes
,
having
in
their
Army
about
thirty
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
,
and
ours
being
reduced
to
ten
Thousand
at
the
most
.
There
was
now
no
way
left
,
but
to
yield
themselves
Prisoners
,
or
to
fight
upon
these
unequal
Terms
.
In
this
Extremity
a
Council
of
War
was
called
,
and
after
some
Dispute
it
was
agreed
to
fall
upon
the
Enemy
the
next
Morning
,
about
an
Hour
before
Day
,
and
accordingly
the
several'
Regiments
were
ordered
to
their
respective
Posts
.
Upon
the
first
shock
our
Forlorn
of
Horse
was
somewhat
disordered
by
their
Lanciers
;
but
two
of
our
Regiments
of
Foot
that
were
in
the
Van
behaved
themselves
so
well
,
that
they
not
only
sustained
the
Charge
of
the
Enemies
Horse
,
but
beat
them
back
upon
their
own
Foot
,
and
following
them
close
,
forced
both
Horse
and
Foot
to
retreat
up
the
Hill
from
whence
they
had
attacked
us
.
The
Body
of
the
Enemies
Army
finding
their
Van-Guard
,
which
consisted
of
their
choicest
Men
,
thus
driven
back
upon
them
,
began
to
shift
for
themselves
,
which
they
did
with
such
Precipitation
and
Disorder
,
that
few
of
them
ventured
to
look
behind
them
till
they
arrived
at
Edinburgh
,
taking
no
care
of
their
King
,
who
made
use
of
the
same
means
to
secure
himself
as
his
new
Subjects
had
done
.
One
Party
of
their
Horse
made
a
stand
till
some
of
ours
came
up
to
them
,
and
then
ran
away
after
the
rest
of
their
Companions
.
Many
were
killed
upon
the
Place
,
and
many
more
in
the
Pursuit
:
All
their
Baggage
,
Arms
,
Artillery
and
Ammunition
fell
into
the
hands
of
our
Army
:
Many
also
were
taken
and
sent
Prisoners
into
England
.
When
the
first
News
of
this
great
Victory
was
brought
to
London
by
Sir
John
Hipsley
,
it
was
my
Fortune
,
with
others
of
the
Parliament
,
to
be
with
the
Lord
Fairfax
at
Hampton-Court
,
who
seemed
much
to
rejoice
at
it
.
But
the
Victory
it self
was
not
more
welcome
to
me
than
the
Contents
of
the
General
's
Letter
to
the
Parliament
;
wherein
amongst
many
other
Expressions
savouring
of
a
publick
Spirit
,
there
was
one
to
this
effect
;
That
seeing
the
Lord
,
upon
this
solemn
Appeal
made
to
him
by
the
Scots
and
us
,
had
so
signally
given
Judgment
on
our
side
,
when
all
hopes
of
Deliverance
seemed
to
be
cut
off
,
it
became
us
not
to
do
his
Work
negligently
;
and
from
thence
took
occasion
to
put
us
in
mind
,
not
to
content
our selves
with
the
Name
of
a
Commonwealth
,
but
to
do
real
things
for
the
Common
Good
,
and
not
to
permit
any
Interest
for
their
particular
Advantage
to
prevail
with
us
to
the
contrary
.
Our
Army
in
Scotland
having
received
some
Recruits
,
advanced
toward
Edinburgh
;
but
the
Enemy
being
informed
of
their
March
,
withdrew
out
of
the
Town
,
and
leaving
a
strong
Garison
in
the
Castle
,
retreated
towards
Sterling
.
The
Parliament
being
very
careful
to
supply
their
Armies
with
all
things
necessary
,
caused
great
Quantities
of
Hay
to
be
bought
up
in
Norfolk
and
Suffolk
,
which
they
sent
by
Sea
to
Scotland
,
where
it
was
absolutely
necessary
,
for
the
Scots
Army
had
so
strongly
intrenched
themselves
by
the
Advantage
of
a
Wood
,
that
ours
could
not
possibly
attack
them
without
great
Hazard
;
and
they
were
furnished
with
Provisions
from
Fife
and
the
adjacent
Parts
,
which
are
the
most
fruitful
in
that
Nation
,
by
means
of
the
Bridg
at
Sterling
:
whereas
our
Army
,
which
lay
encamped
near
them
,
had
no
other
Country
from
whence
they
might
draw
Provisions
,
but
such
as
had
been
already
in
the
Possession
of
the
Enemy
:
Besides
that
,
Hay
is
generally
scarce
in
Scotland
;
and
that
a
great
part
of
our
Forces
consisted
of
Horse
.
Owen
Roe
O
Neal
,
who
commanded
the
Old
Northern
Irish
in
vlster
,
that
had
been
principally
concerned
in
the
Massacre
of
the
Protestants
,
being
dead
,
the
Popish
Bishop
of
Cloghar
undertook
the
Conduct
of
them
,
and
being
grown
considerably
strong
,
necessitated
Sir
Charles
Coote
to
draw
his
Forces
together
to
defend
his
Quarters
,
which
they
designed
to
invade
,
desperately
resolving
to
put
it
to
the
issue
of
a
Battel
.
Their
Foot
was
more
numerous
than
ours
,
but
Sir
Charles
exceeded
them
in
Horse
.
The
Dispute
was
hot
for
some
time
;
but
at
last
the
Irish
were
beaten
,
tho
not
without
Loss
on
our
side
:
Amongst
others
Col.
Fenwick
,
a
brave
and
gallant
Man
,
was
mortally
wounded
.
The
Enemies
Baggage
and
Train
of
Artillery
was
taken
,
tho
not
many
made
Prisoners
,
being
for
the
most
part
put
to
the
Sword
,
with
the
Bishop
of
Cloghar
their
General
,
whose
Head
was
cut
off
and
set
upon
one
of
the
Gates
of
London
derry
.
The
News
of
this
Defeat
being
brought
to
those
in
Carlo
,
who
had
held
out
in
hopes
of
Relief
from
their
Friends
in
vlster
,
together
with
a
great
scarcity
of
Provisions
in
the
Place
,
besides
the
beating
down
of
the
little
Castle
that
stood
at
the
foot
of
the
Bridg
on
the
other
side
of
the
River
,
which
happened
about
the
same
time
,
so
discouraged
those
within
,
that
they
surrendred
the
Place
to
the
Lord
Deputy
Ireton
upon
Articles
;
which
he
caused
punctually
to
be
executed
,
as
his
constant
manner
was
.
Pursuant
to
the
Order
of
Parliament
,
appointing
me
Lieutenant
General
of
the
Horse
in
Ireland
,
the
General
,
as
he
was
directed
by
the
said
Order
,
sent
me
a
Commission
to
that
end
;
which
I
received
,
and
gave
him
an
Account
of
the
Reception
,
acquainting
him
also
how
sensible
I
was
of
my
want
of
Experience
to
manage
so
weighty
an
Employment
;
but
that
on
the
other
hand
I
would
not
fail
to
endeavour
to
discharge
my
Duty
with
the
utmost
Fidelity
.
He
replied
,
that
I
might
rely
upon
that
God
to
carry
me
through
the
Work
,
who
had
called
me
to
it
;
and
in
the
Close
of
his
Letter
recommended
the
procuring
from
the
Parliament
a
Settlement
upon
Sir
Hardress
Waller
of
the
Inheritance
of
some
Lands
which
he
then
held
by
Lease
from
the
Earl
of
Ormond
,
and
for
which
he
paid
two
hundred
Pounds
annual
Rent
,
as
a
thing
that
might
be
proper
for
me
to
do
before
my
Departure
for
Ireland
.
I
was
afterwards
informed
that
Sir
Hardress
Waller
had
earnestly
solicited
for
this
Employment
of
Lieutenant
General
of
the
Horse
in
Ireland
,
and
that
the
General
not
thinking
it
convenient
to
entrust
him
with
it
,
yet
unwilling
he
should
know
so
much
,
perswaded
him
to
believe
that
the
Parliament
had
over-ruled
him
therein
.
The
Parliament
then
passed
an
Act
,
constituting
Commissioners
for
the
Administration
of
Civil
Affairs
in
Ireland
,
and
agreed
upon
Instructions
of
sufficient
Latitude
for
them
to
act
by
,
in
particular
to
lay
a
Tax
on
that
Nation
not
exceeding
the
Sum
of
thirty
thousand
Pounds
:
To
give
order
for
the
distribution
of
Justice
,
as
near
to
the
Rules
of
the
Law
,
as
the
nencessity
of
the
Times
would
permit
;
and
to
consider
of
a
Method
of
Proceeding
in
the
Courts
of
Justice
there
,
to
be
offered
to
the
Parliament
for
their
Approbation
.
The
Commissioners
were
those
that
I
mentioned
before
,
only
Major
Salloway
desiring
to
be
excused
from
that
Service
,
Mr.
Miles
Corbet
,
a
Member
of
Parliament
,
was
inserted
in
his
room
.
Some
Suspicions
there
were
at
this
time
that
the
Presbyterian
Party
in
England
,
especially
those
about
London
,
entertained
a
private
Correspondence
with
their
Brethren
in
Scotland
:
where
tho
that
Nation
had
received
a
great
Blow
at
Dunbar
,
yet
it
was
resolved
that
their
King
should
be
crowned
upon
his
taking
the
Solemn
League
and
Covenant
,
and
obliging
himself
thereby
to
endeavour
the
extirpation
of
Popery
and
Episcopacy
.
This
Action
was
performed
with
all
the
Circumstances
and
Solemnities
that
could
be
used
in
the
Condition
of
their
Affairs
.
The
Nobility
swore
Fidelity
to
him
,
and
the
Marquiss
of
Argile
put
the
Crown
upon
his
Head
with
his
own
Hands
.
And
now
having
a
King
like
other
Nations
,
and
a
Covenanting
King
too
,
they
doubted
not
of
Success
under
his
Conduct
,
presuming
by
this
means
most
certainly
to
retrieve
all
their
Losses
and
Reputation
.
But
the
Parliament
who
had
removed
one
King
,
was
not
frighted
with
the
setting
up
of
another
,
and
therefore
proceeded
in
the
Settlement
of
their
Affairs
both
Military
and
Civil
;
and
to
that
end
ordered
a
thousand
Pounds
to
be
advanced
to
the
Commissioners
of
the
Civil
Affairs
in
Ireland
,
directing
them
to
receive
also
a
thousand
Pounds
yearly
.
They
like
wise
gave
Orders
for
the
payment
of
a
thousand
Pounds
to
me
by
way
of
Advance
upon
my
Pay
as
Lieutenant
General
of
the
Horse
,
that
I
might
be
enabled
to
furnish
my self
with
Tents
,
Horses
,
and
other
things
necessary
for
that
Service
.
The
Committee
of
Irish
Affairs
raised
also
a
Troop
consisting
of
a
hundred
Horse
to
accompany
me
,
and
armed
them
with
Back
,
Breast
,
Head-pieces
,
Pistols
,
and
Musquetoons
,
with
two
Months
Pay
advanced
.
The
Lord
Deputy
Ireton's
Lady
,
Daughter
to
General
Cromwell
,
prepared
to
go
over
with
us
to
her
Husband
,
who
had
removed
his
Head-quarters
to
Waterford
,
partly
because
he
thought
that
Place
most
convenient
for
the
Service
,
as
the
Enemy
then
lay
;
and
partly
from
some
Disgust
conceived
against
Dublin
,
where
the
Inhabitants
had
extorted
unreasonable
Rates
for
their
Provisions
and
other
Necessaries
sold
to
our
Army
at
their
Arrival
there
for
the
Relief
of
Ireland
.
Therefore
resolving
to
pass
through
South
Wales
,
I
hastned
out
of
Town
before
the
rest
of
my
Company
,
in
order
to
take
leave
of
my
Friends
in
the
West
;
and
from
thence
going
to
Glamorganshire
,
I
stayed
there
with
some
Relations
of
my
Wife
,
till
the
rest
of
the
Company
came
down
.
Before
I
left
the
Parliament
,
some
Difference
happening
between
the
Countess
of
Rutland
and
the
Lord
Edward
Howard
of
Escrick
,
Col.
Gell
,
who
was
a
great
Servant
of
the
Countess
,
informed
Major
General
Harison
that
the
Lord
Edward
Howard
being
a
Member
of
Parliament
,
and
one
of
the
Committee
at
Haberdashers-Hall
,
had
taken
divers
Bribes
for
the
excusing
Delinquents
from
Sequestration
,
and
easing
them
in
their
Compositions
;
and
that
in
particular
he
had
received
a
Diamond
Hatband
valued
at
eight
hundred
Pounds
,
from
one
Mr.
Compton
of
Sussex
;
concerning
which
he
could
not
prevail
with
any
to
inform
the
Parliament
.
Major
General
Harrison
being
a
Man
of
severe
Principles
,
and
zealous
for
Justice
,
especially
against
such
as
betrayed
the
Publick
Trust
reposed
in
them
,
assured
him
,
that
if
he
could
satisfy
him
that
the
Fact
was
as
he
affirmed
,
he
would
not
fail
to
inform
the
Parliament
of
it
:
and
upon
Satisfaction
received
from
the
Colonel
touching
that
Matter
,
said
in
Parliament
,
That
tho
the
Honour
of
every
Member
was
dear
to
him
,
and
of
that
Gentleman
in
particular
,
naming
the
Lord
Howard
,
because
he
had
so
openly
owned
the
Interest
of
the
Commonwealth
,
as
to
decline
his
Peerage
,
and
to
sit
upon
the
foot
of
his
Election
by
the
People
;
yet
he
loved
Justice
before
all
other
things
,
looking
upon
it
to
be
Honour
of
the
Parliament
,
and
the
Image
of
God
upon
them
;
that
therefore
he
durst
not
refuse
to
lay
this
Matter
before
them
,
tho
he
was
very
desirous
that
the
said
Lord
might
clear
himself
of
the
Accusation
.
The
Parliament
having
received
his
Information
,
referred
the
Consideration
of
the
Matter
to
a
Committee
,
where
it
was
fully
examined
;
and
notwithstanding
all
the
Art
of
Counsel
learned
in
the
Law
,
who
are
very
skilful
at
putting
a
good
Appearance
upon
a
bad
Cause
,
and
all
the
Friends
the
Lord
Howard
could
make
,
so
just
and
equitable
a
Spirit
then
governed
,
that
the
Committee
having
represented
the
Matter
to
the
Parliament
as
they
found
it
to
be
,
they
discharged
him
from
being
a
Member
of
Parliament
,
sent
him
to
the
Tower
,
and
fined
him
ten
thousand
Pounds
.
About
the
beginning
of
January
the
Commissioners
of
Parliament
,
the
Lady
Ireton
,
and
my self
,
met
at
Milford
,
in
order
to
embark
for
Ireland
,
three
Men
of
War
lying
ready
for
us
in
the
Harbour
,
with
several
Ships
for
the
Transportation
of
my
Troop
,
with
our
Goods
and
Horses
.
We
came
to
Milford
on
Saturday
,
and
on
Monday
following
the
Lady
Ireton
and
the
Commissioners
set
sail
with
fair
Wind
,
leaving
the
Guinea-Frigat
for
me
,
and
to
be
Convoy
to
those
Vessels
that
were
appointed
to
transport
the
Horse
and
other
things
,
of
which
but
one
could
be
ready
time
enough
to
set
sail
with
them
,
my
Troop
being
not
yet
mustered
.
The
next
day
Mr.
Lort
,
by
order
of
the
Committee
of
Parliament
,
mustered
my
Troop
,
so
that
I
began
to
ship
them
on
Wednesday
in
the
Afternoon
;
and
on
Thursday
Morning
they
being
all
embarked
,
we
set
sail
,
and
tho
the
Weather
proved
very
calm
,
we
arrived
the
next
day
under
the
Fort
of
Duncannon
near
Waterford
;
where
I
understood
that
the
Lady
Ireton
and
the
Commissioners
had
landed
there
the
day
before
,
and
were
gone
to
the
Lord
Deputy
at
Waterford
.
Immediately
after
my
Arrival
I
went
to
wait
on
the
Lord
Deputy
Ireton
,
who
was
much
surprized
at
my
landing
so
soon
after
the
rest
of
the
Company
,
and
ordered
good
Quarters
to
be
assigned
to
my
Troop
,
that
they
might
be
refreshed
before
they
entred
upon
Duty
:
for
it
was
observed
,
that
the
English
Horses
were
not
so
fit
for
Service
,
till
they
had
been
seasoned
for
some
time
with
the
Air
and
Provisions
of
that
Country
.
Having
received
Advice
that
the
Enemy
was
marched
out
of
Connaught
and
Limerick
towards
our
Quarters
in
Munster
,
he
drew
a
Party
of
Horse
and
Foot
out
of
their
Winter-quarters
,
to
which
they
had
been
lately
sent
,
and
with
them
endeavoured
to
find
out
the
Enemy
;
who
upon
his
Advance
,
retreated
into
their
own
Quarters
.
The
Deputy
being
returned
,
was
very
careful
to
prepare
all
things
that
were
necessary
for
the
Army
,
that
they
might
be
ready
to
march
into
the
Field
early
the
next
Spring
;
making
Provision
of
Tents
,
Arms
,
Clothes
and
Bread
for
the
Souldiers
;
sending
Cannon
and
Ammunition
of
all
sorts
up
the
Shannon
towards
Limerick
by
Vessels
provided
to
that
end
;
that
being
the
first
Place
which
he
designed
to
attack
the
following
Year
,
having
in
his
last
March
,
by
putting
Garisons
into
Castle-Conel
,
Kilmallock
,
and
other
Places
,
blocked
them
up
in
some
measure
.
The
Commissioners
of
Parliament
,
of
whom
the
Deputy
was
one
,
spent
a
considerable
time
in
debating
and
resolving
in
what
manner
Justice
should
be
administred
for
the
present
in
each
Precinct
,
till
the
State
of
Affairs
could
be
reduced
into
a
more
exact
Order
;
and
accounting
it
most
just
,
that
those
who
had
the
most
immediate
Advantage
by
the
War
,
should
bear
the
principal
Burden
of
it
,
they
laid
upon
the
Nation
of
Ireland
a
Tax
proportionable
to
their
Ability
;
for
the
raising
of
which
,
together
with
the
Excise
and
Customs
that
by
our
Authority
from
the
Parliament
we
were
impowered
to
impose
,
we
appointed
Commissioners
for
the
Precincts
of
Dublin
,
Waterford
,
Cork
,
Clonmel
,
Kilkenny
and
Vlster
,
who
were
to
proceed
according
to
such
Rules
as
they
should
receive
from
time
to
time
from
the
Parliament's
Commissioners
.
The
Governour
of
each
Precinct
was
appointed
one
of
the
Commissioners
of
that
Precinct
,
Col.
Hewetson
being
for
Dublin
,
Sir
Charles
Coote
and
Col.
Venables
for
Vlster
,
Col.
Daniel
Axtel
for
Kilkenny
,
Col.
Zanchey
for
Clonmel
,
Col.
Phaier
for
the
County
of
Cork
,
and
Col.
Laurence
for
the
County
of
Waterford
:
They
appointed
Col.
Thomas
Herbert
and
Col.
Markham
to
be
Inspectors
over
the
rest
,
and
to
go
from
place
to
place
to
see
that
their
Instructions
were
put
in
execution
.
Commissioners
were
also
appointed
in
the
several
Precincts
for
the
more
equal
Distribution
of
Justice
;
and
a
Proclamation
was
published
,
forbidding
the
killing
of
Lambs
or
Calves
for
the
Year
next
ensuing
,
that
the
Country
might
recover
a
Stock
again
,
which
had
been
so
exhausted
by
the
Wars
,
that
many
of
the
Natives
who
had
committed
all
manner
of
waste
upon
the
Possessions
of
the
English
,
were
driven
to
such
Extremities
that
they
starved
with
Hunger
;
and
I
have
been
informed
by
Persons
deserving
Credit
,
that
the
same
Calamity
fell
upon
them
even
in
the
first
Year
of
the
Rebellion
,
through
the
Depredations
of
the
Irish
;
and
that
they
roasted
Men
,
and
eat
them
,
to
supply
their
Necessities
.
In
conjunction
with
this
Evil
they
were
also
afflicted
with
the
Plague
,
which
was
supposed
to
have
been
brought
amongst
them
by
a
Ship
from
Spain
,
and
bound
to
Galway
,
from
whence
the
Infection
spread
it self
through
most
Parts
of
the
Country
,
and
amongst
others
had
reached
Waterford
,
where
several
died
of
it
,
and
particularly
a
Kinswoman
of
mine
,
who
having
been
driven
out
of
Ireland
with
her
Husband
and
Children
at
the
breaking
out
of
the
Rebellion
,
took
the
Opportunity
to
return
thither
with
me
,
and
died
there
,
with
one
of
her
Children
,
very
suddenly
,
having
dined
with
me
the
day
before
.
The
Spring
approaching
,
we
removed
to
Kilkenny
,
that
Place
lying
most
convenient
for
the
distribution
of
Tents
,
Clothes
,
and
all
other
things
necessary
for
the
use
of
the
Army
:
It
was
also
near
the
Enemies
Quarters
,
and
thereby
thought
most
proper
to
favour
any
Attempt
against
them
from
thence
.
Col.
Reynolds
,
who
returned
from
England
with
us
,
being
made
Commissary
General
of
the
Horse
in
Ireland
,
was
sent
with
a
Party
into
the
King
and
Queen's
County
,
and
put
a
Garison
into
Marriborough
,
appointing
Major
Owen
to
be
Governour
of
the
Place
.
At
his
Return
it
was
agreed
that
a
Detachment
from
Nenagh
,
where
Col.
Abbot
commanded
,
another
from
Cashil
and
those
Parts
,
and
a
third
from
Kilkenny
,
should
march
from
their
respective
Garisons
,
and
contrive
it
so
as
to
sall
upon
the
Quarters
of
Col.
Fitzpatrick
at
the
same
time
,
which
were
advantageously
situated
,
encompassed
with
Woods
and
Bogs
,
and
inaccessible
,
except
by
three
very
narrow
and
difficult
ways
,
by
which
they
were
ordered
to
attack
him
separatcly
.
This
Enterprize
was
so
well
effected
,
that
the
Place
was
taken
,
with
many
of
the
Enemies
Horse
,
besides
a
great
number
of
Men
killed
or
made
Prisoners
.
At
this
time
it
happened
that
Col.
Axtell
,
than
whom
no
Man
was
better
acquainted
with
the
Country
of
Ireland
,
was
accused
for
not
performing
some
Conditions
said
to
have
been
promised
to
the
Enemy
,
who
pretended
that
after
they
had
surrendred
upon
assurance
of
Mercy
,
they
were
all
put
to
the
Sword
,
except
a
few
who
made
their
Escape
.
The
Colonel
endeavoured
to
prove
,
that
no
Conditions
had
been
granted
;
that
they
were
taken
by
Force
,
and
that
they
who
had
shewed
no
Mercy
,
could
not
deserve
to
receive
any
.
Tho
the
Proof
was
not
clear
that
he
had
promised
them
their
Lives
,
yet
because
it
appeared
that
some
of
the
Souldiers
had
thrown
out
some
Expressions
tending
that
way
to
the
Enemy
,
the
Deputy
was
so
great
a
Friend
to
Justice
,
even
where
an
Enemy
was
concerned
,
that
tho
Col.
Axtell
was
a
Person
extraordinarily
qualified
for
the
Service
of
that
Conjuncture
;
he
,
together
with
the
Council
of
War
,
at
which
the
Commissioners
of
the
Parliament
were
also
present
,
suspended
him
from
his
Employment
.
The
Lord
Broghil
,
who
had
conceived
great
hopes
of
obtaining
the
Command
of
the
Horse
,
or
at
least
to
be
made
a
General
Officer
,
well
knowing
his
own
Merit
,
and
thereupon
thinking
himself
neglected
,
made
his
Complaint
to
the
Deputy
in
a
Letter
directed
to
him
,
and
sent
unsealed
in
another
to
Adjutant
General
Allen
;
wherein
enumerating
the
Services
he
had
done
,
the
Losses
he
had
sustained
,
and
the
slender
Encouragements
he
had
received
,
he
declared
his
Resolution
not
to
obey
the
Commands
of
any
other
but
of
General
Cromwell
and
him
.
In
answer
to
this
the
Deputy
by
another
Letter
acquainted
him
,
that
he
was
sorry
to
find
such
a
Spirit
in
him
;
and
particularly
that
he
should
discover
it
at
such
a
time
when
the
Season
for
Action
was
drawing
on
,
desiring
him
to
come
to
the
Head-quarters
,
that
they
might
confer
together
touching
this
Matter
.
At
his
coming
the
Deputy
consulted
with
the
Commissioners
what
Course
to
take
in
this
Affair
.
I
excused
my self
to
them
from
giving
my
Advice
,
(
his
principal
Objection
being
against
me
)
telling
them
,
I
was
convinced
that
he
had
some
Ground
for
his
Dissatisfaction
,
by
reason
of
his
Interest
and
Experience
in
the
Country
;
I
being
in
those
respects
much
inferiour
to
him
,
and
should
not
have
had
the
Confidence
to
have
undertaken
the
Employment
I
possessed
,
but
in
pure
Obedience
to
those
who
were
in
Authority
.
The
Deputy
assured
me
,
that
they
were
abundantly
satisfied
with
the
Clearness
of
my
Proceeding
,
and
no
less
of
my
Abilities
to
discharge
the
Trust
reposed
in
me
,
and
to
perform
the
Duties
of
my
Employments
,
of
which
he
was
pleased
to
say
,
I
had
given
sufficient
Demonstration
,
as
well
as
of
a
constant
and
hearty
Affection
to
the
Publick
Interest
.
In
conclusion
,
the
Debate
concerning
the
Lord
Broghill
was
brought
to
this
Question
;
Whether
he
should
be
wholly
laid
aside
,
or
whether
something
should
be
done
in
order
to
content
him
for
the
present
,
by
conferring
upon
him
some
Office
of
Profit
,
and
the
Title
of
a
General
Officer
.
The
latter
was
agreed
upon
,
and
he
declared
Lieutenant
General
of
the
Ordinance
in
Ireland
.
The
Commissioners
having
settled
Affairs
as
well
as
they
could
,
and
finding
the
Deputy
to
be
employed
in
making
all
necessary
Preparations
for
the
ensuing
Service
,
took
that
Opportunity
to
go
to
regulate
Affairs
at
Dublin
,
where
after
they
had
dispatched
the
Publick
Business
,
in
which
they
spent
about
a
Week
,
and
provided
Houses
to
receive
their
Families
when
they
should
arrive
from
England
,
they
returned
to
Kilkenny
.
The
Enemy
,
who
had
a
Party
of
Horse
in
those
Parts
,
had
designed
to
surprize
them
in
their
way
to
Dublin
,
and
again
in
their
Return
to
us
;
but
finding
them
attended
by
a
strong
Guard
,
they
durst
not
venture
to
attempt
it
.
The
Enemies
Forces
being
retreated
into
Connaught
,
which
Province
was
covered
by
the
Shannon
,
and
keeping
strong
Guards
upon
the
Bridges
and
Fords
of
that
River
,
the
Reduction
of
Limerick
could
not
well
be
expected
till
we
had
blocked
them
up
on
both
sides
.
In
order
to
which
it
was
resolved
,
that
Sir
Charles
Coote
,
who
had
with
him
between
four
and
five
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
,
should
march
into
Connaught
by
the
way
of
Ballyshannon
,
a
Passage
on
the
side
of
Ulster
,
not
far
distant
from
the
Sea
;
and
Commissary
General
Reynolds
was
sent
with
his
Regiment
of
Horse
to
his
Assistance
.
Col.
Axtell
and
some
others
about
this
time
going
for
England
,
were
taken
by
a
Pirate
belonging
to
Scilly
,
whither
they
were
all
carried
Prisoners
:
The
Irish
who
were
many
in
the
Island
,
against
whom
Col.
Axtell
had
been
very
active
,
and
who
had
heard
of
the
Charge
lately
exhibited
against
him
,
pressed
hard
for
the
taking
away
his
Life
.
But
upon
consideration
of
the
Preparations
making
by
the
Parliament
to
send
a
Fleet
with
Souldiers
to
reduce
that
Island
,
it
was
not
thought
convenient
to
attempt
any
thing
against
him
,
tho
they
had
a
strong
Inclination
to
it
,
for
fear
of
an
exemplary
Retaliation
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Parliament
sent
a
Fleet
with
some
Land-Forces
to
reduce
the
Isle
of
Jersey
,
with
the
Castle
which
was
kept
by
Sir
Philip
Carteret
for
Prince
Charles
.
Col.
Haines
who
commanded
them
,
met
with
some
Opposition
at
his
landing
;
but
having
brought
his
Men
ashore
,
the
Island
generally
submitted
to
the
Parliament
.
The
Castle
having
made
some
Resistance
,
was
soon
after
surrendred
also
.
The
Affairs
of
the
Commonwealth
being
thus
successful
,
and
their
Authority
acknowledged
by
the
Applications
of
Agents
and
Ambassadors
from
Foreign
Nations
to
them
,
it
was
resolved
to
send
some
Ministers
abroad
to
entertain
a
good
Correspondence
with
our
Neighbours
,
and
to
preserve
the
Interests
of
the
Subjects
of
this
Nation
in
those
Parts
.
To
that
effect
the
Lord
Chief
Justice
St.
Johns
was
dispatched
with
the
Character
of
Ambassador
Extraordinary
to
the
States
of
the
United
Netherlands
,
with
whom
Mr.
Walter
Strickland
,
our
Resident
there
,
was
joined
in
Commission
;
and
to
prevent
such
another
Attempt
as
had
been
made
upon
our
former
Agent
,
forty
Gentlemen
were
appointed
to
attend
him
for
his
Security
and
Honour
,
ten
thousand
Pounds
being
delivered
to
the
Lord
Ambassador's
Steward
for
the
Expence
of
the
Embassy
.
Yet
this
great
Equipage
was
not
sufficient
to
prevent
a
publick
Affront
which
was
offered
him
by
Prince
Edward
,
one
of
the
Palatine
Family
,
as
he
was
passing
the
Streets
.
But
the
Prince
immediately
retiring
to
some
Place
out
of
the
Jurisdiction
of
the
States
,
secured
himself
from
any
Prosecution
,
tho
they
pretended
upon
the
Complaint
of
our
Ambassadors
,
that
they
were
ready
to
do
them
what
Right
they
could
.
The
Negotiation
of
our
Ministers
,
which
was
designed
to
procure
a
nearer
Conjunction
and
Coalition
between
the
two
States
,
proved
also
ineffectual
,
the
Province
of
Holland
being
not
so
much
inclined
to
consent
to
it
as
was
expected
,
and
Frizeland
,
with
most
of
the
rest
of
the
Provinces
,
entirely
against
it
;
presuming
that
such
a
Conjunction
as
was
demanded
would
be
no
less
than
rendring
those
Countries
a
Province
to
England
:
So
that
our
Ambassadors
having
used
all
possible
means
to
succeed
in
their
Business
,
and
finding
the
Dutch
unwilling
to
conclude
with
us
whilst
the
King
had
an
Army
in
the
Field
,
returned
to
England
without
effecting
any
thing
but
the
Expence
of
a
great
Sum
of
Money
.
This
Disappointment
sat
so
heavy
upon
the
haughty
Spirit
of
the
Lord
Chief
Justice
St.
Johns
,
that
he
reported
these
Transactions
with
the
highest
Aggravations
against
the
States
,
and
thereby
was
a
principal
Instrument
to
prevail
with
the
Council
of
State
to
move
the
Parliament
to
pass
an
Act
prohibiting
foreign
Ships
from
bringing
any
Merchandizes
into
England
,
except
such
as
should
be
of
the
Growth
or
Manufacture
of
that
Country
to
which
the
said
Ships
did
belong
.
This
Law
,
tho
just
in
it self
,
and
very
advantageous
to
the
English
Nation
,
was
so
highly
resented
by
the
Dutch
,
who
had
for
a
long
time
driven
the
Trade
of
Europe
by
the
great
Number
of
their
Ships
,
that
it
soon
proved
to
be
the
Ball
of
Contention
between
the
two
Nations
.
During
these
Transactions
,
the
Deputy
of
Ireland
labouring
with
all
diligence
to
carry
on
the
Publick
Service
,
ordered
the
Army
to
rendezvouz
at
Cashil
;
from
whence
he
marched
by
the
way
of
Nenagh
to
that
part
of
the
River
Shannon
which
lies
over
against
Killalo
,
where
the
Earl
of
Castle-haven
lay
with
about
two
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
,
disposed
along
the
side
of
the
River
,
and
defended
by
Breast-works
cast
up
for
their
Security
,
resolving
to
endeavour
to
obstruct
our
Passage
into
Connaught
.
The
Deputy
,
as
if
he
had
intended
to
divert
the
Course
of
the
River
,
set
the
Souldiers
and
Pioneers
at
work
to
take
the
Ground
lower
on
our
side
,
that
the
Water
venting
it self
into
the
Passage
,
the
River
might
become
fordable
;
which
so
alarmed
the
Enemy
,
that
they
drew
out
most
of
their
Men
to
oppose
us
.
Whilst
they
were
thus
amused
,
the
Deputy
taking
me
with
him
,
and
a
Guard
of
Horse
,
marched
privately
by
the
side
of
the
Shannon
,
in
order
to
find
a
convenient
place
to
pass
that
River
.
The
ways
were
almost
impassable
by
reason
of
the
Bogs
,
tho
Col.
Reeves
and
others
who
commanded
in
those
Parts
had
repaired
them
with
Hurdles
as
well
as
they
could
.
Being
advanced
about
half
way
from
Killalo
to
Castle-Conel
,
we
found
a
place
that
answered
our
Desires
,
where
a
Bridg
had
formerly
been
,
with
an
old
Castle
still
standing
at
the
foot
of
it
on
the
other
side
of
the
River
.
We
took
only
a
short
view
of
the
Place
,
lest
we
should
give
occasion
to
the
Enemy
to
suspect
our
Design
.
The
way
hither
from
our
Camp
was
so
full
of
Bogs
,
that
neither
Horse
nor
Man
could
pass
without
great
Danger
,
so
that
we
were
necessitated
to
mend
them
,
by
laying
Hurdles
and
great
pieces
of
Timber
a-cross
in
order
to
bear
our
Carriages
:
which
we
did
under
pretence
of
making
a
passable
way
between
our
Camp
and
Castle-Conel
,
a
Garison
of
ours
,
where
Provisions
were
laid
up
for
the
Army
.
It
was
about
ten
days
before
all
things
necessary
to
this
Design
could
be
prepared
,
and
then
Col.
Reeves
was
commanded
to
bring
three
Boats
which
he
had
to
a
place
appointed
for
that
purpose
,
by
one
a
Clock
in
the
Morning
.
At
the
beginning
of
the
Night
three
Regiments
of
Foot
,
and
one
of
Horse
,
with
four
Pieces
of
Cannon
,
marched
silently
towards
the
place
where
the
Boats
were
ordered
to
lie
,
and
arrived
there
an
hour
before
day
.
They
found
but
two
Boats
waiting
for
them
,
yet
they
served
to
carry
over
three
Files
of
Musqueteers
and
six
Troopers
,
who
having
unsaddled
their
Horses
,
caused
them
to
swim
by
the
Boat
,
and
were
safely
landed
on
the
other
side
.
Two
Sentinels
of
the
Enemy
were
in
the
Castle
,
of
whom
one
was
killed
by
our
Men
,
and
the
other
made
his
Escape
.
Our
Boats
had
transported
about
sixty
Foot
and
twenty
Horse
before
any
Enemy
appeared
;
but
then
some
of
their
Horse
coming
up
skirmished
with
ours
,
wherein
one
Mr.
How
,
a
hopeful
daring
young
Gentleman
,
who
had
accompanied
me
into
Ireland
,
distinguished
himself
.
About
a
thousand
of
the
Enemies
Foot
advancing
,
our
Horse
was
commanded
to
retire
,
which
they
did
,
not
without
some
Reluctancy
;
but
the
hasty
March
of
their
Foot
was
retarded
by
our
Guns
which
we
had
planted
on
a
Hill
on
our
side
of
the
River
,
from
whence
we
fired
so
thick
upon
them
,
that
they
were
forced
to
retreat
under
the
shelter
of
a
rising
Ground
;
where
after
they
had
been
a
while
,
and
considered
what
to
do
,
finding
ours
coming
over
apace
to
them
,
instead
of
attacking
us
,
they
began
to
think
it
high
time
to
provide
against
our
falling
upon
them
;
and
having
sent
to
all
their
Guards
upon
the
River
to
draw
off
,
they
retreated
farther
through
the
Woods
into
their
own
Quarters
.
We
were
no
sooner
got
over
the
River
,
but
we
received
advice
that
Sir
Charles
Coote
and
Commissary
General
Reynolds
were
entred
into
Connaught
,
and
advanced
as
far
as
Athenree
.
Our
Ships
were
also
come
up
the
River
of
Limerick
with
our
Artillery
,
Ammunition
,
Provisions
,
and
all
things
necessary
for
the
Siege
of
Limerick
.
And
now
the
Deputy
thinking
himself
abundantly
provided
for
the
Reduction
of
that
important
Place
,
and
not
knowing
what
Necessities
the
Party
with
Sir
Charles
Coote
might
be
driven
to
,
the
chief
of
the
Enemies
Strength
being
drawn
that
way
,
he
resolved
to
send
a
Party
of
Horse
to
him
.
But
not
being
able
to
spare
above
a
thousand
Horse
for
that
Service
,
he
was
unwilling
to
desire
me
to
command
them
,
tho
he
had
no
Person
with
him
that
he
could
conveniently
make
use
of
therein
,
most
of
the
Colonels
of
Horse
being
employed
in
their
respective
Precincts
to
secure
them
from
the
Incursions
of
the
Enemies
.
This
I
perceived
,
and
offered
to
match
with
them
:
whereupon
the
Deputy
furnished
me
with
three
Majors
,
who
were
Majors
Warden
of
my
own
Regiment
of
Horse
,
Major
Owen
of
the
Regiment
of
Commissary
General
Reynolds
,
and
Major
Bol●●n
of
a
Regiment
of
Dragoons
,
a
brave
and
diligent
Officer
.
We
began
our
March
about
five
in
the
Afternoon
,
and
by
twelve
at
Night
having
marched
between
sixteen
and
seventeen
Miles
,
we
dismounted
to
forage
our
Horses
,
and
rest
our selves
.
Before
day
we
mounted
and
continued
our
March
through
a
desolate
Country
,
the
People
being
fled
,
and
no
Provisions
to
be
had
but
what
we
carried
with
us
.
About
ten
in
the
Morning
our
Forlorn
perceived
a
Creaght
,
as
the
Country
People
call
it
,
where
half
a
dozen
Families
with
their
Cattle
were
got
together
.
Some
of
those
who
saw
them
first
,
presuming
all
the
Irish
in
that
Country
to
be
Enemies
,
began
to
kill
them
;
of
which
having
notice
,
I
put
a
stop
to
it
,
and
took
a
share
with
them
of
a
Pot
of
sowr
Milk
,
which
seemed
to
me
the
most
pleasant
Liquor
that
ever
I
drank
.
In
the
Afternoon
we
found
the
ways
exceeding
bad
,
and
almost
impassable
,
many
of
the
Hurdles
which
had
been
laid
upon
them
being
drawn
away
,
as
we
supposed
,
by
the
Enemy
:
yet
in
a
little
more
than
twenty
four
hours
we
had
marched
about
forty
Miles
,
and
were
informed
that
Sir
Charles
Coote
was
besieging
Portumna
,
a
House
of
the
Earl
of
Clanrickard
,
and
that
the
Enemies
were
about
Athenree
.
Upon
this
notice
,
leaving
my
Party
advantageously
posted
in
a
Place
furnished
with
Provisions
for
themselves
and
Horses
,
I
took
with
me
sixty
Horse
,
and
went
to
Portumna
,
to
be
informed
more
particularly
concerning
the
State
of
Affairs
.
At
my
Arrival
I
understood
that
an
Attempt
had
been
made
upon
the
Place
,
wherein
our
Men
had
been
repulsed
;
but
that
the
Enemy
,
having
a
large
Line
to
keep
,
and
many
poor
People
within
,
fearing
to
hazard
another
Assault
,
had
agreed
to
surrender
upon
Articles
next
Morning
,
which
was
done
accordingly
.
And
now
having
found
Sir
Charles
Coote's
Party
in
good
condition
,
and
able
to
deal
with
the
Enemies
on
that
side
,
I
returned
to
my
Body
of
Horse
,
with
which
and
five
hundred
more
that
joined
me
,
commanded
by
Commissary
General
Reynolds
,
I
followed
and
endeavoured
to
find
out
the
Enemy
;
but
they
removed
from
one
Place
to
another
with
such
Expedition
,
that
we
could
not
overtake
them
,
having
left
their
Carriages
,
in
order
to
march
the
lighter
,
at
a
Castle
belonging
to
one
Mr.
Brabston
,
situated
upon
a
considerable
Pass
.
This
Place
I
endeavoured
to
reduce
;
and
tho
it
was
indifferently
strong
,
and
we
very
ill
provided
for
such
an
Attempt
,
yet
after
some
Resistance
the
Enemies
delivered
it
upon
Articles
,
whereby
they
were
permitted
to
carry
off
whatsoever
belonged
properly
to
them
;
the
Tents
and
Draught-Oxen
remaining
in
our
possession
,
with
several
other
things
belonging
to
the
Earl
of
Clanrickard
,
whom
the
Earl
of
Ormond
had
constituted
his
Deputy
in
those
Parts
.
Having
put
a
Garison
into
this
Place
,
and
sent
back
Commissary
General
Reynolds
with
his
Party
to
Portumna
,
I
marched
with
my
Horse
towards
Limerick
,
and
came
to
Gourtenshegore
,
a
Castle
belonging
to
Sir
Dermot
O
Shortness
,
who
was
then
gone
to
Galway
,
but
had
left
his
Tenants
with
some
Souldiers
,
and
one
Foliot
an
English
Man
to
command
them
,
in
the
Castle
.
At
my
coming
before
it
I
summoned
them
to
submit
,
offering
them
,
that
in
case
they
would
dismiss
their
Souldiers
,
and
promise
to
live
quietly
in
the
obedience
of
the
Parliament
,
I
would
leave
no
Garison
in
the
Place
,
nor
suffer
any
Prejudice
to
be
done
to
them
.
They
pretending
they
had
already
submitted
to
Sir
Charles
Coote
,
refused
to
deliver
the
Castle
to
any
other
.
Tho
I
took
this
to
be
only
a
pretence
,
yet
to
leave
them
without
excuse
,
and
to
prevent
all
Exceptions
,
I
sent
to
Sir
Charles
Coote
to
desire
him
to
let
me
know
how
the
Matter
stood
,
and
to
direct
them
to
deliver
the
Place
to
me
.
Having
received
an
Answer
to
my
Letter
from
Sir
Charles
Coote
,
I
sent
it
to
them
,
telling
them
,
that
now
I
expected
their
Obedience
;
but
instead
of
that
they
sent
me
a
Defiance
,
and
sounded
their
Bagpipes
in
contempt
of
us
;
to
which
they
were
chiefly
encouraged
by
one
of
the
Country
,
whom
I
had
sent
to
bring
in
to
me
some
Iron
Bars
,
Sledges
,
and
Pickaxes
,
and
who
under
colour
of
going
to
fetch
them
,
ran
away
to
the
Enemy
,
and
acquainted
them
with
our
want
of
Artillery
and
Instruments
to
force
them
.
I
gave
Orders
to
take
up
all
the
Horses
from
Grass
,
to
bridle
and
saddle
them
,
and
to
tie
them
to
the
Tents
of
their
respective
Troops
,
commanding
two
Troops
to
mount
the
Guard
,
and
to
send
out
Scouts
to
discover
if
any
Enemy
were
near
.
The
rest
of
the
Men
I
drew
into
several
Parties
,
and
assigned
them
their
particular
Attacks
:
Every
Souldier
carried
a
Fagot
before
him
,
as
well
to
defend
himself
,
as
to
fill
up
the
Enemies
Trenches
,
or
to
fire
the
Gates
,
as
there
should
be
occasion
.
On
one
side
of
the
Wall
there
was
an
Earth-work
about
eleven
Foot
high
,
with
a
Trench
of
equal
breadth
without
.
The
Wall
of
the
Court
was
about
twelve
Foot
high
,
well
flanked
.
On
the
other
side
the
Place
was
secured
by
a
River
.
Upon
our
first
Approach
the
Enemy
shot
very
thick
upon
us
,
and
killed
two
of
our
Men
,
which
so
enraged
the
rest
,
that
they
ran
up
to
the
Works
,
and
helping
one
another
to
the
top
of
them
,
beat
off
the
Enemy
,
following
them
so
close
,
that
by
means
of
some
Ladders
which
those
within
had
made
use
of
,
they
got
into
the
Court
,
and
put
to
the
Sword
most
of
those
they
found
there
,
the
Enemy
not
daring
to
open
the
Gate
to
receive
their
Friends
.
Those
of
ours
who
had
entred
the
Court
,
having
no
Instruments
to
force
the
House
,
made
use
of
a
wooden
Bar
which
they
found
,
and
with
which
they
wrested
out
the
Iron
Bars
of
a
strong
stone
Window
about
six
Foot
from
the
Ground
,
and
forced
the
Enemy
by
their
Shot
out
of
that
Room
,
where
being
entred
,
they
put
to
the
Sword
those
that
were
there
.
Lieutenant
Foliot
finding
his
Case
desperate
,
resolved
to
sell
his
Life
at
as
dear
a
rate
as
he
could
,
and
charged
our
Men
,
who
were
nine
or
ten
in
number
,
with
a
Tuck
in
one
hand
,
and
a
Stilletto
in
the
other
,
defending
himself
so
well
with
the
one
,
and
pressing
them
so
hard
with
the
other
,
that
they
all
gave
ground
;
but
he
closing
with
one
of
them
whom
he
had
wounded
,
and
probably
might
have
killed
,
gave
an
opportunity
to
another
to
run
him
through
the
Body
,
by
which
Wound
he
fell
,
and
the
House
was
quickly
cleared
of
the
rest
.
Most
of
the
Principal
of
the
Enemies
being
got
into
the
Castle
,
our
Men
fired
a
great
number
of
Fagots
at
the
Gates
,
which
burned
so
furiously
,
that
the
Flame
took
hold
of
the
Floors
and
other
Timber
within
,
through
the
Iron
Grate
,
which
being
perceived
by
those
in
the
Castle
,
they
hung
out
a
white
Flag
,
begging
earnestly
for
Mercy
,
and
that
we
would
take
away
the
Fire
.
I
commanded
my
Men
to
leave
shooting
,
and
acquainted
the
Besieged
,
that
if
they
expected
any
Favour
from
us
,
they
must
throw
down
their
Arms
,
which
they
presently
did
:
Whereupon
I
ordered
the
Fire
to
be
taken
away
,
and
gave
a
Souldier
twenty
Shillings
to
fetch
out
two
Barrels
of
Powder
that
was
near
the
Fire
,
which
continued
to
burn
so
fiercely
,
that
we
could
not
put
it
out
,
but
were
obliged
to
throw
up
Skains
of
Match
into
the
Chambers
,
by
which
those
in
the
Castle
descended
to
us
,
being
about
fourscore
in
number
,
besides
many
Women
and
Children
.
We
secured
the
Men
till
the
next
Morning
,
when
I
called
a
Council
of
War
;
and
being
pressed
by
the
Officers
,
that
some
of
the
Principal
of
them
might
be
punished
with
Death
for
their
Obstinacy
,
I
consented
to
their
Demand
,
provided
it
might
not
extend
to
such
as
had
been
drawn
in
by
the
Malice
of
others
.
Those
who
were
Tenants
to
Sir
Dermot
O
Shortness
,
and
Country-men
,
I
dismissed
to
their
Habitations
,
upon
promise
to
behave
themselves
peaceably
,
and
to
engage
against
us
no
more
:
the
rest
of
them
we
carried
away
with
us
.
Whilst
we
were
spending
our
time
in
sending
to
Sir
Charles
Coote
,
and
expecting
his
Answer
,
I
had
sent
a
Party
of
Horse
to
find
out
some
of
the
Enemies
that
were
marched
towards
the
Barony
of
Burren
;
and
tho
they
could
not
overtake
them
,
yet
they
met
with
sour
or
five
hundred
Head
of
Cattle
,
and
seized
them
,
which
proved
a
great
Refreshment
to
our
Party
,
and
to
the
Army
that
was
besieging
Limerick
,
whither
we
returned
,
and
gave
an
Account
of
our
Proceedings
to
the
Deputy
,
who
expressed
himself
well
satisfied
with
the
same
.
At
my
Return
I
found
that
our
Army
had
possessed
themselves
of
one
of
the
Enemies
Forts
that
stood
in
the
midst
of
the
Shannon
upon
the
Fishing
Ware
,
in
this
manner
.
A
small
Battery
of
two
Guns
being
erected
against
it
,
one
of
them
was
fired
into
a
Room
,
and
breaking
the
Leg
of
a
Souldier
there
,
so
frighted
the
rest
,
that
betaking
themselves
to
their
Boats
,
they
abandoned
the
Place
;
which
ours
perceiving
,
fired
so
thick
upon
them
with
their
Shot
,
that
all
those
who
were
in
one
of
the
Boats
,
whether
moved
by
Fear
or
Promise
of
Life
I
know
not
,
surrendred
to
our
Men
;
yet
some
of
them
were
put
to
the
Sword
,
at
which
the
Deputy
was
much
troubled
,
judging
that
they
would
not
have
quitted
the
means
they
had
in
their
hands
for
their
Preservation
,
but
upon
Terms
of
Advantage
,
and
therefore
referred
the
Matter
to
be
examined
by
a
Court
Martial
.
Those
in
the
Town
having
considered
of
the
Summons
sent
to
them
by
the
Deputy
for
the
Surrender
of
the
Place
,
agreed
to
treat
concerning
Articles
,
supposing
that
they
might
obtain
more
favourable
Conditions
than
when
they
should
be
driven
to
Extremities
.
Accordingly
six
Commissioners
were
appointed
on
each
side
.
Those
for
the
Enemy
were
Major
General
Purcel
,
Mr.
Stockdale
Recorder
of
the
Town
,
Col.
Butler
,
Jeffrey
Barrow
,
who
had
been
one
of
their
Supreme
Council
,
Mr.
Baggot
,
and
one
more
,
whose
Name
I
do
not
remember
.
The
Commissioners
nominated
by
the
Deputy
were
Major
General
Waller
,
Col.
Cromwell
,
Major
Smith
,
Adjutant
General
Allen
,
my self
,
and
one
more
,
whom
I
have
also
forgot
.
We
met
them
in
a
Tent
placed
between
the
Town
and
our
Camp
,
where
we
dined
together
,
and
treated
of
Conditions
for
several
days
;
but
they
having
great
Expectations
of
Relief
,
either
by
the
King's
Success
against
us
in
Scotland
,
or
by
the
drawing
together
of
their
own
Parties
in
Ireland
,
who
were
able
to
form
an
Army
more
numerous
than
ours
,
insisted
upon
such
excessive
Terms
,
that
the
Treaty
was
broken
up
without
coming
to
any
Conclusion
.
The
Fort
which
we
were
preparing
in
order
to
block
them
up
on
one
side
of
the
Town
being
almost
finished
,
and
Materials
ready
for
building
a
Bridg
to
be
laid
over
the
Shannon
to
preserve
a
Communication
between
our
Forces
on
each
side
,
we
resolved
to
endeavour
the
Reduction
of
a
Castle
possessed
by
the
Enemy
,
and
standing
beyond
their
Bridg.
To
that
end
a
Battery
was
erected
,
and
a
Breach
being
made
,
the
Deputy
remembring
the
Vigour
of
the
Troopers
in
the
Action
at
Gourtenshegore
,
desired
that
one
might
be
drawn
out
of
each
Troop
to
be
an
Example
to
the
Foot
that
were
to
storm
:
which
being
done
,
they
were
armed
with
Back
,
Breast
,
and
Head-piece
,
and
furnished
with
Hand-Granadoes
.
One
Mr.
Hacket
,
a
stout
Gentleman
of
the
Guard
,
was
made
choice
of
to
lead
them
on
,
who
were
in
all
not
above
twenty
.
This
Design
succeeded
beyond
Expectation
;
for
our
Men
having
thrown
in
their
Granadoes
,
marched
up
to
the
Breach
,
and
entred
with
Mr.
Hacket
at
the
Head
of
them
,
being
followed
by
those
who
were
ordered
to
sustain
them
.
The
Enemy
not
being
able
to
stand
before
them
,
quitted
the
Place
,
and
retired
by
the
Bridg
into
the
Town
.
The
Castle
was
immediately
searched
,
and
four
or
five
Barrels
of
Powder
were
sound
in
a
Vault
ready
to
take
fire
by
a
lighted
Match
left
there
by
the
Enemy
on
purpose
to
blow
up
our
Men.
The
Deputy
gave
Mr.
Hacket
and
the
rest
of
the
Troopers
a
Gratuity
for
their
good
Service
,
and
upon
the
Encouragement
of
this
Success
,
formed
a
Design
to
possess
himself
of
an
Island
that
lay
near
the
Town
,
containing
about
forty
or
fifty
Acres
of
Ground
,
and
encompassed
by
the
River
:
In
order
to
which
Boats
were
prepared
,
and
Floats
sufficient
to
transport
three
hundred
Men
at
once
,
and
Orders
given
to
fall
down
the
River
about
Midnight
.
Three
Regiments
of
Foot
and
one
of
Horse
were
appointed
to
be
wasted
over
.
The
first
three
hundred
,
being
all
Foot
,
were
commanded
by
Lieutenant
Colonel
Walker
,
who
being
landed
on
the
Island
with
his
Men
,
marched
up
to
the
Enemies
Breast-work
,
which
they
had
cast
up
quite
round
the
Place
;
but
they
having
discovered
our
Men
before
their
Landing
,
had
drawn
most
of
their
Forces
together
to
oppose
them
;
so
that
being
oppressed
by
the
Enemies
Numbers
,
they
were
most
of
them
forced
into
the
Water
,
and
all
either
killed
or
drowned
,
except
two
or
three
only
who
came
back
to
the
Camp
.
Our
Bridge
being
finished
,
and
a
small
Fort
to
defend
it
erected
at
the
foot
of
it
,
the
Deputy
,
with
most
part
of
the
Army
,
marched
over
to
the
other
side
of
the
River
,
where
he
marked
out
Ground
for
three
Bodies
of
Men
to
encamp
separately
,
each
to
consist
of
about
two
thousand
,
giving
Orders
for
the
fortifying
of
those
Places
,
assigning
to
each
Regiment
their
Proportion
,
and
quartering
them
by
Brigades
in
the
most
convenient
manner
he
could
,
either
to
defend
themselves
,
to
relieve
each
other
,
or
to
annoy
the
Enemy
:
and
as
soon
as
the
great
Fort
on
which
our
Men
had
been
long
working
was
rendred
defensible
,
he
drew
off
all
our
Forces
from
this
side
of
the
River
,
except
a
thousand
Foot
,
and
about
three
hundred
Horse
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Enemy
was
endeavouring
to
draw
their
Forces
together
to
relieve
the
Place
,
well
knowing
of
what
Importance
it
was
to
their
Affairs
.
To
that
end
the
Lord
Muskerry
had
brought
together
about
five
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
in
the
Counties
of
Cork
and
Kerry
,
and
David
Rock
between
two
or
three
thousand
more
in
the
County
of
Clare
.
The
Lord
Broghil
and
Major
Wallis
were
sent
to
oppose
the
Lord
Muskerry
,
whilst
I
with
another
Detachment
was
ordered
to
look
after
the
other
.
The
Lord
Broghil
soon
met
with
the
Lord
Muskerry
,
and
after
some
Dispute
entirely
defeated
him
,
killing
many
of
the
Irish
,
and
taking
others
Prisoners
,
with
little
loss
on
our
side
.
I
passed
the
River
at
Inchecroghnan
,
of
which
the
Enemy
having
advice
,
drew
off
their
Forces
from
Caricgoholt
,
a
Garison
of
ours
,
which
they
were
besieging
,
whereby
Capt.
Lucas
,
who
was
Governour
of
the
Place
,
wanting
Provisions
,
took
that
opportunity
to
quit
it
;
and
being
joined
by
Capt.
Taff's
Dragoons
,
came
safe
to
us
.
Whilst
I
was
endeavouring
to
find
out
the
Enemy
,
Advice
was
brought
to
me
,
that
they
,
to
the
number
of
three
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
,
were
marching
with
all
diligence
to
possess
themselves
of
the
Pass
at
Inchecrohgnan
,
thereby
designing
to
obstruct
our
Return
to
the
Army
before
Limerick
:
which
being
confirmed
by
a
Letter
we
intercepted
,
I
drew
out
two
hundred
and
fifty
Horse
with
sixty
Dragoons
,
and
sent
them
before
,
with
Orders
to
take
possession
of
the
Pass
,
marching
after
them
with
the
rest
of
my
Party
.
When
I
was
almost
come
to
the
Pass
,
I
was
informed
by
those
sent
before
,
that
they
had
found
a
small
number
of
the
Enemies
Horse
there
,
who
immediately
retreated
upon
the
advance
of
our
Men
,
some
of
whom
were
in
pursuit
of
them
.
Presently
after
Advice
was
brought
,
that
the
Enemy
made
good
a
Pass
leading
to
some
Woods
and
Bogs
which
they
used
sor
a
Retreat
;
whereupon
I
went
to
take
a
view
of
their
Posture
,
that
if
it
were
necessary
I
might
order
a
greater
Force
to
succour
our
Men.
Being
come
up
to
the
Place
where
the
Dispute
was
,
I
found
that
Connor
O
Brian
,
deputed
by
the
Lord
Inchequin
to
command
in
the
County
of
Clare
,
had
been
shot
from
his
Horse
,
and
carried
away
by
his
Party
.
The
Enemy
retreated
to
a
Pass
,
and
fired
thick
upon
us
;
but
we
advancing
within
Pistol-shot
of
them
,
they
quitted
their
Ground
,
and
betook
themselves
to
their
Woods
and
Bogs
.
Divers
of
them
were
killed
in
the
Pursuit
;
yet
the
Ground
was
so
advantagious
to
them
,
and
their
Heels
so
good
,
that
tho
we
pursued
them
with
all
possible
diligence
,
and
sent
out
Parties
several
ways
,
yet
we
could
not
take
above
two
or
three
of
them
Prisoners
.
Having
dispersed
this
Party
,
and
relieved
the
Garison
of
Caricogoholt
,
I
returned
to
the
Army
before
Limerick
,
where
I
found
a
considerable
Progress
made
in
our
Works
on
the
other
side
of
the
Town
,
and
a
Reinforcement
from
England
of
between
three
and
four
thousand
Foot
,
whose
Arrival
was
very
seasonable
and
welcome
to
us
,
having
lost
many
Men
by
hard
Service
,
change
of
Food
,
and
alteration
of
the
Climate
.
The
Deputy
fearing
that
the
Plague
,
which
raged
fiercely
in
Limerick
,
might
reach
our
Army
;
and
to
the
end
that
care
might
be
taken
of
our
sick
and
wounded
Men
,
caused
an
Hospital
to
be
prepared
,
and
furnished
with
all
things
necessary
;
and
whilst
the
Works
were
finishing
against
the
Town
,
he
went
to
visit
the
Garison
of
Killalo
,
and
to
order
a
Bridg
to
be
made
over
the
River
at
that
Place
,
for
the
better
Communication
of
the
Counties
of
Tipperary
and
Clare
.
I
accompanied
him
in
this
Journey
,
and
having
passed
all
Places
of
Danger
,
he
left
his
Guard
to
refresh
themselves
,
and
rode
so
hard
that
he
spoiled
many
Horses
,
and
hazarded
some
of
the
Men
;
but
he
was
so
diligent
in
the
Publick
Service
,
and
so
careless
of
every
thing
that
belonged
to
himself
,
that
he
never
regarded
what
Clothes
or
Food
he
used
,
what
Hour
he
went
to
rest
,
or
what
Horse
he
mounted
.
In
the
mean
time
our
Army
in
Scotland
lying
near
the
Enemies
Camp
at
Torwood
,
who
were
plentifully
furnished
with
Provisions
from
the
County
of
Fife
,
it
was
resolved
that
a
Party
of
ours
,
commanded
by
Colonel
Overton
,
should
be
sent
in
Boats
from
Leith
and
Edinburgh
into
that
County
,
to
contrive
some
way
to
prevent
the
Enemies
Supplies
from
thence
.
This
Party
was
followed
by
four
Regiments
of
Horse
and
Foot
commanded
by
Major
General
Lambert
.
Of
which
the
Enemy
having
notice
,
sent
Sir
John
Brown
,
who
was
esteemed
to
be
a
Person
of
Courage
and
Conduct
,
with
part
of
their
Army
to
oppose
them
.
It
was
not
long
before
the
two
Parties
came
to
an
Engagement
,
wherein
the
Enemy
was
totally
routed
;
Sir
John
Brown
who
commanded
them
,
with
about
two
thousand
of
his
Men
killed
,
many
made
Prisoners
,
and
all
their
Baggage
taken
.
The
Scots
being
deprived
of
their
usual
Supplies
from
Fife
,
and
not
expecting
any
from
foreign
Parts
,
by
reason
of
the
number
of
our
Ships
cruizing
on
their
Coast
,
resolved
to
march
into
England
,
having
received
Encouragement
so
to
do
from
their
old
and
new
Friends
there
.
They
passed
the
River
Tweed
near
Carlisle
,
there
being
a
strong
Garison
in
Berwick
for
the
Parliament
,
and
were
considerably
advanced
on
their
March
before
our
Army
in
Scotland
were
acquainted
with
their
Design
.
Major
General
Harrison
,
with
about
four
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
,
somewhat
obstructed
their
March
,
tho
he
was
not
considerable
enough
to
fight
them
;
and
being
joined
by
Major
General
Lambert
with
a
Party
of
Horse
from
the
Army
,
they
observed
the
Enemy
so
closely
as
to
keep
them
from
Excursions
,
and
to
prevent
others
from
joining
with
them
.
The
Scots
who
were
in
great
expectation
of
Assistance
from
Wales
,
and
relied
much
upon
Col.
Massey's
Interest
in
Glocestershire
,
advanced
that
way
.
Few
of
the
Country
came
in
to
them
;
but
on
the
other
side
,
so
affectionate
were
the
People
to
the
Common-wealth
,
that
they
brought
in
Horse
and
Foot
from
all
Parts
to
assist
the
Parliament
:
Insomuch
that
their
Number
was
by
many
thought
sufficient
to
have
beaten
the
Enemy
without
the
Assistance
of
the
Army
;
some
even
of
the
excluded
Members
appearing
in
Arms
,
and
leading
Regiments
against
the
Common
Enemy
.
At
the
same
time
,
upon
notice
that
the
Earl
of
Derby
was
at
the
Head
of
fifteen
hundred
Horse
and
Foot
in
Lancashire
,
Col.
Liburn
was
sent
that
way
with
about
eight
hundred
Men
,
who
meeting
with
the
Earl's
Forces
near
Wigan
,
after
a
sharp
Dispute
for
about
an
hour
,
totally
routed
them
.
The
Number
of
the
Slain
was
considerable
on
the
Enemies
side
:
The
Lord
Widdrington
,
with
other
Persons
of
Quality
,
were
killed
.
All
their
Baggage
was
taken
,
and
three
or
four
hundred
made
Prisoners
,
with
the
Loss
only
of
one
Officer
,
and
about
ten
private
Souldiers
of
Col.
Lilburn's
.
The
Earl
of
Derby
himself
was
wounded
,
and
escaped
to
Worcester
;
but
bringing
not
above
thirty
tired
Horse
with
him
,
the
Townsmen
began
to
repent
their
Revolt
from
the
Parliament
.
The
Scots
having
possessed
themselves
of
the
City
of
Worcester
,
and
fortified
it
as
well
as
they
could
in
so
short
a
time
,
resolved
to
attack
our
Army
,
which
was
now
advanced
to
that
Place
,
and
posted
on
each
side
of
the
Severn
,
ready
to
receive
them
,
with
General
Cromwell
at
their
Head
.
Their
first
Attack
was
made
upon
Lieutenant
General
Fleetwood's
Quarters
that
were
on
the
other
side
of
the
River
,
who
with
some
Forces
of
the
Army
,
and
a
Reinforcement
of
the
Militia
made
a
vigorous
Resistance
.
The
General
fearing
he
might
be
overpower'd
,
dispatch'd
some
Troops
to
his
Assistance
by
a
Bridg
laid
over
the
River
,
commanding
Major
General
Lambert
to
send
another
Detachment
to
the
same
purpose
;
but
he
desired
to
be
excused
,
alledging
,
that
if
the
Enemy
should
alter
their
Course
,
and
fall
upon
those
on
this
side
,
they
might
probably
cut
off
all
that
remained
:
which
was
not
unlikely
,
for
soon
after
most
of
the
Enemies
Strength
fell
upon
that
part
of
the
Army
where
the
General
and
Major
General
Lambert
were
.
The
Battel
was
sought
with
various
Success
for
a
considerable
time
;
but
at
length
the
Scots
Army
was
broken
,
and
quitting
their
Ground
,
retreated
in
great
Disorder
to
the
Town
,
where
they
endeavoured
to
defend
themselves
.
Major
General
Harrison
,
Col.
Croxton
,
and
the
Forces
of
Cheshire
,
entred
the
Place
at
their
heels
;
and
being
followed
by
the
rest
of
the
Army
,
soon
finished
the
Dispute
,
and
totally
defeated
the
Enemy
.
Three
English
Earls
,
seven
Scots
Lords
,
and
above
six
hundred
Officers
,
besides
ten
thousand
private
Souldiers
,
were
made
Prisoners
.
The
King's
Standard
,
and
a
hundred
fifty
eight
Colours
,
with
all
their
Artillery
,
Ammunition
and
Baggage
,
was
also
taken
.
On
our
side
,
Quarter-master
General
Mosely
,
and
Capt.
Jones
,
with
about
a
hundred
private
Souldiers
,
were
killed
,
and
Capt.
Howard
,
with
one
Captain
more
,
and
about
three
hundred
Souldiers
wounded
.
This
Victory
was
obtained
by
the
Parliament's
Forces
on
the
3
d
of
September
,
being
the
same
Day
of
the
same
Month
that
the
Scots
had
been
defeated
at
Dunbar
the
preceding
Year
.
Col.
Massey
escaped
into
Leicestershire
,
but
being
dangerously
wounded
,
found
himself
not
able
to
continue
his
way
,
and
fearing
to
be
knock'd
on
the
head
by
the
Country
,
delivered
himself
to
the
Countess
of
Stamford
,
Mother
to
the
Lord
Grey
of
Grooby
,
who
caused
his
Wounds
to
be
carefully
dressed
,
and
sent
notice
of
his
Surrender
to
the
Army
.
Whereupon
a
Party
was
dispatched
with
Orders
to
conduct
him
from
thence
to
London
,
as
soon
as
he
should
be
fit
to
travel
,
which
was
done
,
and
he
committed
Prisoner
to
the
Tower
.
The
Scots
King
with
the
Lord
Wilmot
were
concealed
by
three
Country-men
,
till
they
could
furnish
him
with
a
Horse
,
with
which
he
crossed
the
Country
to
one
Mr.
Gunter's
near
Shoreham
in
Sussex
,
carrying
one
Mrs.
Lane
behind
him
,
from
whence
in
a
small
Bark
he
escaped
to
France
.
The
General
after
this
Action
,
which
he
called
the
Crowning
Victory
,
took
upon
him
a
more
stately
Behaviour
,
and
chose
new
Friends
;
neither
must
it
be
omitted
,
that
instead
of
acknowledging
the
Services
of
those
who
came
from
all
Parts
to
assist
against
the
Common
Enemy
,
tho
he
knew
they
had
deserved
as
much
Honour
as
himself
and
the
standing
Army
,
he
srowned
upon
them
,
and
the
very
next
day
after
the
Fight
dismissed
and
sent
them
home
,
well
knowing
,
that
a
useful
and
experienced
Militia
was
more
likely
to
obstruct
than
to
second
him
in
his
ambitious
Designs
.
Being
on
his
way
to
London
,
many
Members
of
the
Parliament
,
attended
by
the
City
,
and
great
numbers
of
Persons
of
all
Orders
and
Conditions
,
went
some
Miles
out
of
the
Town
to
meet
him
,
which
tended
not
a
little
to
heighten
the
Spirit
of
this
haughty
Gentleman
.
Lieutenant
General
Monk
,
whom
the
General
had
raised
to
that
Employment
,
and
ordered
to
command
in
Scotland
during
his
Absence
,
took
Sterling-Castle
;
and
then
marched
with
about
four
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
before
Dundee
.
But
being
advised
that
General
Lesley
,
the
Earl
of
Crawford
,
and
others
,
were
met
at
Elliot
to
consult
of
means
to
relieve
that
Town
,
he
sent
a
Party
of
Horse
and
Dragoons
commanded
by
Col.
Alured
and
Col.
Morgan
,
to
surprize
them
,
which
they
did
;
and
the
principal
of
them
being
taken
,
were
sent
Prisoners
to
London
,
where
they
were
committed
to
the
Tower
.
After
this
he
summoned
the
Town
of
Dundee
;
but
the
Place
being
well
fortified
,
and
provided
with
a
numerous
Garison
,
refused
to
surrender
;
whereupon
he
storm'd
it
,
and
being
entred
,
put
five
or
six
hundred
to
the
Sword
,
and
commanded
the
Governour
,
with
divers
others
,
to
be
killed
in
cold
Blood
.
Tho
the
News
of
these
Successes
much
discouraged
our
Enemies
in
Ireland
,
yet
those
in
Limerick
were
not
without
some
hopes
,
that
either
the
Plague
,
or
Scarcity
of
Provisions
,
together
with
the
badness
of
the
Weather
,
might
constrain
us
to
raise
the
Siege
;
and
therefore
resused
to
accept
such
Conditions
as
we
were
willing
to
grant
.
The
Line
which
we
had
made
about
the
Town
,
and
the
Forts
being
in
a
condition
of
Defence
,
the
Deputy
resolved
to
look
after
the
Enemy
in
the
County
of
Clare
,
and
if
possible
to
get
some
Provisions
from
thence
for
the
Relief
of
the
Army
.
He
took
me
with
him
,
knowing
I
had
been
in
those
Parts
before
,
and
between
three
and
four
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
.
At
our
Approach
to
the
Places
where
the
Enemies
usually
were
,
we
divided
our
Body
,
the
Deputy
being
at
the
Head
of
one
,
and
I
at
the
Head
of
the
other
Party
;
hoping
by
this
means
so
to
encompass
the
Enemy
,
that
they
should
not
escape
us
:
but
tho
we
sometimes
came
within
sight
of
them
,
and
used
our
utmost
Endeavours
to
engage
them
,
yet
by
reason
of
the
Advantages
they
made
of
the
Woods
,
Rocks
,
Hills
,
and
Bogs
,
for
their
Retreat
,
we
could
do
them
little
hurt
,
save
by
seizing
their
Horses
and
Cattel
.
In
the
absence
of
this
Party
from
the
Army
,
the
Enemy
with
two
thousand
Foot
made
a
Sally
out
of
Limerick
so
unexpectedly
upon
our
Men
,
that
they
had
almost
surprized
our
Guard
of
Horse
;
but
ours
immediately
mounting
,
and
being
not
accustomed
to
be
beaten
,
charged
them
,
and
notwithstanding
the
Inequality
of
the
Forces
,
they
being
much
superiour
to
us
in
Number
,
put
them
to
a
stand
,
till
a
Party
of
Horse
and
Foot
came
to
their
Relief
,
and
forced
the
Enemies
to
retreat
under
the
Walls
of
the
Town
,
from
whence
their
Men
fired
so
thick
upon
ours
,
that
their
own
Men
had
time
to
get
into
the
Town
.
When
this
Account
was
brought
from
Sir
Hardress
Waller
to
the
Deputy
,
he
was
upon
his
Return
to
the
Army
before
Limerick
,
having
left
me
with
about
two
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
,
as
well
to
ease
our
Quarters
about
the
Town
,
not
knowing
how
long
we
might
lie
before
it
,
as
to
endeavour
to
perswade
the
Garison
of
Clare-Castle
,
a
strong
Place
,
and
situated
upon
the
River
,
to
surrender
.
To
that
end
being
arrived
in
the
Army
,
he
sent
one
Lieutenant
Colonel
White
,
who
had
served
the
Enemy
,
and
now
had
a
Commission
to
raise
Forces
for
the
King
of
Spain
,
with
an
Order
to
me
,
to
permit
him
to
go
to
the
said
Garison
,
that
he
might
inform
them
of
the
Impossibility
of
their
receiving
any
Relief
,
and
of
the
Necessities
to
which
Limerick
was
already
reduced
,
and
thereby
prevail
with
them
to
make
speedy
provision
for
themselves
,
and
to
list
under
him
:
but
his
Design
proving
ineffectual
,
I
found
my self
obliged
to
return
to
the
Camp
before
Limerick
,
where
we
made
provision
for
a
Winter-Siege
.
Great
Numbers
of
People
endeavoured
to
get
out
of
the
Town
,
sent
out
by
the
Garison
either
as
useless
Persons
,
or
to
spread
the
Contagion
amongst
us
.
The
Deputy
commanded
them
to
return
,
and
threatned
to
shoot
any
that
should
attempt
to
come
out
for
the
future
:
But
this
not
being
sufficient
to
make
them
desist
,
he
caused
two
or
three
to
be
taken
out
in
order
to
be
executed
,
and
the
rest
to
be
whipped
back
into
the
Town
.
One
of
those
that
were
to
be
hanged
was
the
Daughter
of
an
old
Man
,
who
was
in
that
number
which
was
to
be
sent
back
:
He
desired
that
he
might
be
hanged
in
the
room
of
his
Daughter
,
but
that
was
refused
,
and
he
with
the
rest
driven
back
into
the
Town
.
After
which
a
Gibbet
was
erected
in
the
sight
of
the
Town-Walls
,
and
one
or
two
Persons
hanged
up
,
who
had
been
condemned
for
other
Crimes
,
that
those
within
might
suppose
that
Execution
to
be
for
coming
out
;
and
by
this
means
they
were
so
terrified
,
that
we
were
no
farther
disturbed
on
that
account
.
The
Deputy
,
upon
Information
received
that
some
in
the
Town
were
desirous
to
surrender
,
and
that
others
did
violently
oppose
them
,
endeavoured
by
Letters
and
Messages
to
foment
the
Division
,
declaring
against
several
Persons
by
name
that
were
most
active
and
obstinate
for
holding
out
,
that
they
should
have
no
Benefit
by
the
Articles
to
be
agreed
upon
,
severely
inveighing
against
a
Generation
of
Men
whom
he
called
Souldiers
of
Fortune
,
that
made
a
trade
of
the
War
,
and
valued
not
the
Lives
or
Happiness
of
the
People
.
This
wrought
the
desired
effect
,
and
so
encouraged
the
complying
Party
,
that
it
was
carried
for
a
Treaty
,
and
Commissioners
again
appointed
on
each
side
.
We
insisted
that
about
seventeen
of
the
principal
Persons
in
the
Place
should
be
excepted
out
of
the
Articles
,
of
which
number
were
Col.
Hugh
O
Neal
the
Governour
,
the
Mayor
of
the
City
,
the
Bishops
of
Limerick
and
Emmene
,
Major
General
Purcel
,
Sir
Geoffrey
Galloway
,
Sir
Jeffrey
Barrow
,
one
Wolf
a
Priest
,
Sir
Richard
Everard
and
others
.
But
these
made
so
strong
a
Party
that
the
Treaty
was
broke
up
without
any
Agreement
,
and
no
other
way
left
to
reduce
them
but
by
Force
.
In
order
to
which
the
Deputy
caused
the
great
Guns
to
be
landed
from
the
Ships
,
and
others
to
be
brought
from
the
adjacent
Garisons
.
With
these
he
erected
a
Battery
against
the
Town
in
the
most
convenient
Place
that
could
possibly
have
been
found
,
being
against
a
part
of
the
Wall
,
which
tho
it
was
of
the
same
Height
and
Thickness
with
the
rest
of
it
,
and
also
as
well
flanked
;
yet
it
proved
not
to
be
lined
with
Earth
within
,
as
all
the
other
Parts
were
,
nor
had
any
Counterscarp
without
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Parliament
seeing
a
Period
put
to
the
War
in
England
and
Scotland
,
and
that
of
Ireland
drawing
towards
a
Conclusion
,
resolved
to
gratify
such
Officers
as
the
General
recommended
to
their
Favour
;
and
thereupon
settled
a
thousand
Pounds
yearly
on
Major
General
Lambert
,
three
hundred
on
Major
General
Overton
,
the
same
on
Col.
Pride
and
Col.
Whalley
;
five
hundred
Pounds
annually
on
Commissary
General
Reynolds
,
a
thousand
Pounds
per
annum
on
the
Lord
Broghil
.
They
also
settled
four
thousand
Pounds
a
Year
on
the
Lord
General
himself
,
out
of
the
Estates
of
the
Duke
of
Buckingham
and
Marquiss
of
Worcester
,
besides
the
two
thousand
five
hundred
Pounds
a
Year
formerly
granted
.
This
they
did
to
oblige
him
by
all
means
possible
to
the
performance
of
his
Duty
,
or
to
leave
him
without
excuse
if
he
should
depart
from
it
.
They
ordered
also
an
Act
to
be
brought
in
for
settling
two
thousand
Pounds
per
annum
on
the
Lord
Deputy
Ireton
;
the
News
of
which
being
brought
over
,
was
so
unacceptable
to
him
,
that
he
said
,
They
had
many
just
Debts
,
which
he
desired
they
would
pay
before
they
made
any
such
Presents
;
that
he
had
no
need
of
their
Land
,
and
therefore
would
not
have
it
;
and
that
he
should
be
more
contented
to
see
them
doing
the
Service
of
the
Nation
,
than
so
liberal
in
disposing
of
the
Publick
Treasure
.
And
truly
I
believe
he
was
in
earnest
;
for
as
he
was
always
careful
to
husband
those
things
that
belonged
to
the
State
to
the
best
Advantage
,
so
was
he
most
liberal
in
employing
his
own
Purse
and
Person
in
the
Publick
Service
.
Our
Battery
being
now
in
order
,
and
the
Regiments
that
were
appointed
to
storm
disposed
to
their
several
Posts
,
we
began
to
fire
;
directing
all
our
Shot
to
one
particular
part
of
the
Wall
,
wherein
we
made
such
a
Breach
,
that
the
Enemy
not
daring
to
run
any
farther
Hazard
,
beat
a
Parley
,
and
soon
came
to
a
Resolution
to
surrender
upon
the
Articles
we
had
offered
before
,
delivering
up
the
East-gate
of
the
out-Town
,
which
was
separated
by
a
River
,
having
a
Draw-bridg
over
it
from
the
other
Town
.
The
Deputy
ordered
all
the
Arms
and
Ammunition
to
be
carefully
preserved
,
and
the
Souldiers
who
were
not
of
the
Town
,
to
be
drawn
up
between
the
Place
and
our
Army
,
that
such
as
desired
it
might
have
Convoys
to
conduct
them
to
their
respective
Parties
;
and
that
those
who
would
return
to
their
Habitatious
,
might
have
Passes
granted
to
that
effect
.
The
Governour
Col.
Hugh
O
Neal
met
the
Deputy
at
the
Gate
;
where
he
presented
him
with
the
Keys
of
the
City
,
and
gave
order
for
the
marching
out
of
the
Souldiers
,
who
were
not
Townsmen
,
according
to
the
Articles
.
They
were
in
number
about
two
thousand
five
hundred
Men.
As
they
were
marching
out
,
two
or
three
of
them
fell
down
dead
of
the
Plague
.
Several
of
them
also
lay
unburied
in
the
Church-yard
.
The
Governour
waited
on
the
Deputy
to
shew
him
the
Stores
of
Arms
,
Ammunition
and
Provisions
,
which
were
sufficient
to
have
lasted
near
three
Months
longer
.
He
shewed
him
also
the
Fortifications
,
and
whatsoever
else
he
desired
of
him
,
withal
acquainting
him
,
that
nine
or
ten
of
those
who
were
excepted
from
the
Benefit
of
the
Articles
had
surrendred
themselves
to
his
Mercy
,
and
were
waiting
his
Orders
in
a
certain
House
which
he
named
:
Upon
which
the
Deputy
commanded
a
Guard
to
be
set
upon
them
,
and
committed
the
Governour
also
to
their
Custody
.
The
Bishop
of
Emmene
and
Major
General
Purcel
,
with
Wolf
the
Priest
,
were
taken
in
the
Pest-house
,
where
they
had
hid
themselves
.
Jeffery
Barrow
and
Sir
Geoffrey
Galloway
surrendred
themselves
.
Two
days
after
the
Delivery
of
the
Town
the
Mayor
came
to
the
Place
of
Worship
,
where
our
Court
of
Guard
was
met
;
and
whether
by
his
Words
or
Actions
he
gave
cause
of
Suspicion
I
cannot
tell
,
but
they
seized
him
,
and
upon
Examination
found
who
he
was
;
whereupon
they
committed
him
to
Prison
.
The
Bishop
of
Limerick
was
the
only
Person
excepted
that
was
yet
undiscovered
;
but
we
afterwards
understood
him
to
be
one
of
a
more
peaceable
Spirit
than
the
rest
.
A
Court
Martial
was
assembled
,
and
the
Bishop
of
Emmene
,
with
Major
General
Purcel
,
required
to
acquaint
them
,
if
they
had
any
thing
to
say
why
they
should
not
die
according
to
the
Sentence
passed
upon
them
.
The
Bishop
said
,
that
having
many
Sins
to
confess
,
he
desired
time
to
prepare
himself
to
that
purpose
,
which
was
granted
.
Major
General
Purcel
fell
upon
his
Knees
,
and
begged
earnestly
for
his
Life
,
but
that
was
denied
.
This
poor
Man
was
of
so
low
a
Spirit
,
that
wanting
Courage
at
the
time
of
his
Execution
,
he
stood
in
need
of
two
Musqueteers
to
support
him
.
The
Bishop
died
with
more
Resolution
,
and
Wolf
the
Priest
was
also
executed
.
The
Governour
and
Jeffrey
Barrow
were
also
condemned
to
die
;
but
the
Deputy
resolving
to
hear
them
,
demanded
of
the
Governour
what
he
had
to
say
for
himself
:
who
answered
,
that
the
War
had
been
long
on
foot
before
he
came
over
;
that
he
came
upon
the
Invitation
of
his
Country-men
;
that
he
had
always
demeaned
himself
as
a
fair
Enemy
;
and
that
the
ground
of
his
Exception
from
the
Articles
,
being
his
encouraging
to
hold
out
,
tho
there
was
no
hope
of
Relief
,
was
not
applicable
to
him
,
who
had
always
moved
them
to
a
timely
Surrender
,
as
indeed
he
made
it
appear
;
and
therefore
hoped
,
that
he
should
enjoy
the
Benefit
of
the
Articles
,
in
confidence
of
which
he
had
faithfully
delivered
up
the
Keys
of
the
Town
,
with
all
the
Arms
,
Ammunition
and
Provisions
,
without
Embezlement
,
and
his
own
Person
also
to
the
Deputy
.
But
the
Blood
formerly
shed
at
Clonmel
,
where
this
Col.
O
Neal
was
Governour
,
had
made
such
an
Impression
on
the
Deputy
,
that
his
Judgment
,
which
was
of
great
weight
with
the
Court
,
moved
them
a
second
time
to
vote
him
to
die
,
tho
some
of
us
earnestly
opposed
it
,
for
the
Reasons
before
mentioned
by
himself
;
and
because
whatsoever
he
had
been
guilty
of
before
,
had
no
relation
to
these
Articles
,
which
did
not
at
all
exempt
him
from
being
called
to
an
account
by
the
Civil
Magistrate
for
the
same
.
The
Court
having
passed
Sentence
of
Death
a
second
time
against
him
,
the
Deputy
,
who
was
now
entirely
freed
from
his
former
manner
of
adhering
to
his
own
Opinion
,
which
had
been
observed
to
be
his
greatest
Infirmity
,
observing
some
of
the
Officers
to
be
unsatisfied
with
this
Judgment
,
referred
it
again
to
the
Consideration
of
the
Court
,
who
by
their
third
Vote
consented
to
save
his
Lise
.
Jeffrey
Barrow
having
the
same
Question
put
to
him
with
the
rest
,
answered
,
that
it
was
not
just
to
exclude
him
from
Mercy
,
because
he
had
been
engaged
in
the
same
Cause
as
we
pretended
to
sight
for
,
which
was
for
the
Liberty
and
Religion
of
his
Country
.
The
Deputy
replied
,
That
Ireland
being
a
Conquered
Country
,
the
English
Nation
might
with
Justice
assert
their
Right
of
Conquest
:
That
they
had
been
treated
by
the
late
Government
far
beyond
their
Merits
,
or
the
Rules
of
Reason
;
notwithstanding
which
they
had
barbarously
murdered
all
the
English
that
fell
into
their
hands
,
robbed
them
of
their
Goods
which
they
had
gained
by
their
Industry
,
and
taken
away
the
Lands
which
they
had
purchased
with
their
Money
:
That
touching
the
Point
of
Religion
,
there
was
a
wide
Difference
also
between
us
,
we
only
contending
to
preserve
our
natural
Right
therein
,
without
imposing
our
Opinions
upon
other
Men
;
whereas
they
would
not
be
contented
unless
they
might
have
Power
to
compel
all
others
to
submit
to
their
Impositions
upon
pain
of
Death
.
The
Council
of
War
looking
upon
what
he
had
said
for
himself
to
be
hereby
fully
refuted
,
adjudged
him
to
die
,
as
they
did
the
Mayor
also
;
and
the
Sentence
was
executed
accordingly
.
Limerick
being
taken
,
it
was
debated
in
a
Council
of
War
,
whether
we
should
march
to
Galway
in
order
to
reduce
that
Place
,
which
had
been
besieged
for
some
time
by
Sir
Charles
Coote
and
Commissary
General
Reynolds
.
I
concurred
with
the
Deputy
,
that
the
Garison
being
under
a
great
Consternation
by
the
Loss
of
Limerick
,
would
probably
be
soon
brought
to
Reason
;
but
most
of
the
Officers
complaining
of
the
ill
Condition
of
their
Men
through
Sickness
and
hard
Service
,
representing
also
the
near
Approach
of
Winter
,
we
being
already
entred
into
the
Month
of
November
,
the
Deputy
contented
himself
to
send
only
a
Summons
to
General
Preston
Governour
of
Galway
,
with
Offers
of
such
Conditions
as
were
first
tendred
to
those
of
Limerick
,
assuring
him
at
the
same
time
,
that
if
he
refused
them
,
he
should
have
no
better
than
they
had
been
lately
obliged
to
submit
to
.
This
Proposition
he
rejected
;
but
being
unwilling
to
hazard
the
Event
,
took
Shipping
soon
after
,
and
went
beyond
Sea
.
Whilst
the
Deputy
was
settling
Affairs
at
Limerick
,
he
ordered
me
with
a
Party
to
march
into
the
County
of
Clare
to
reduce
some
Places
in
those
Parts
.
Accordingly
I
marched
with
about
two
thousand
Foot
and
fifteen
hundred
Horse
to
Inchecroghnan
,
fifteen
Miles
from
Limerick
;
but
it
being
late
before
we
began
our
March
,
and
Night
overtaking
us
before
we
could
reach
that
Place
,
as
we
were
passing
the
Bridg
,
one
of
my
Horses
that
carried
my
Waters
and
Medicines
fell
into
the
River
,
which
proved
a
great
Loss
to
me
,
as
things
sell
out
afterwards
.
The
next
day
I
came
before
Clare-Castle
,
and
summoned
it
,
whereupon
they
sent
out
Commissioners
to
treat
,
tho
the
Place
was
of
very
great
Strength
;
and
after
three
or
four
hours
Debate
,
we
came
to
an
Agreement
,
by
which
the
Castle
was
to
be
delivered
to
me
the
next
Morning
,
the
Enemy
leaving
Hostages
with
us
for
the
performance
of
their
part
.
That
Night
I
lay
in
my
Tent
upon
a
Hill
,
where
the
Weather
being
very
tempestuous
,
and
the
Season
far
advanced
,
I
took
a
very
dangerous
Cold.
The
next
Morning
the
Enemy
marched
out
of
the
Castle
,
and
received
Passes
from
me
to
return
home
,
according
to
the
Articles
.
After
which
having
appointed
Col.
Foulk
and
a
Garison
to
defend
it
,
I
marched
towards
Carickgoholt
.
That
Night
my
Cold
increased
,
and
the
next
Morning
I
found
my self
so
much
discomposed
,
that
Adjutant
General
Allen
,
who
was
then
with
us
,
earnestly
pressed
me
to
go
aboard
one
of
the
Vessels
that
attended
our
Party
with
Ammunition
,
Artillery
and
Provisions
,
and
to
appoint
a
Person
to
command
them
in
my
Absence
.
But
being
unwilling
to
quit
the
Charge
committed
to
my
Care
,
I
clothed
my self
as
warm
as
I
could
,
putting
on
a
Fur
Coat
over
my
Buff
,
and
an
oiled
one
over
that
;
by
which
means
I
prevented
the
farther
Increase
of
my
Distemper
,
and
so
ordered
our
Quarters
that
Night
,
that
I
lay
in
my
own
Bed
set
up
in
an
Irish
Cabin
,
where
about
break
of
day
I
fell
into
so
violent
a
Sweat
,
that
I
was
obliged
to
keep
with
me
two
Troops
of
Horse
for
my
Guard
,
after
I
had
given
Orders
for
the
rest
of
the
Men
to
march
.
In
this
Condition
I
continued
about
two
hours
,
and
tho
my
Sweating
had
not
ceased
,
I
mounted
in
order
to
overtake
my
Party
,
who
had
a
bitter
day
to
march
in
,
the
Wind
and
the
Hail
beating
so
violently
in
our
Faces
,
that
the
Horses
being
not
able
to
endure
it
,
often
turned
about
.
Yet
in
this
Extremity
of
Weather
the
poor
Foot
were
necessitated
to
wade
through
a
Branch
of
the
Sea
,
near
a
quarter
of
a
Mile
over
,
up
to
the
Waste
in
water
.
At
Night
we
arrived
within
view
of
Carickgoholt
,
my
Distemper
being
but
little
abated
,
and
my
Body
in
a
continual
Sweat
.
The
next
day
I
summoned
the
Garison
to
surrender
the
Castle
:
In
answer
to
which
they
sent
out
Commissioners
to
treat
,
who
at
first
insisted
upon
very
high
Terms
;
but
finding
us
resolved
not
to
grant
their
Propositions
,
they
complied
with
ours
,
and
the
next
day
surrendred
the
Place
.
Liberty
was
given
by
the
Articles
to
such
as
desired
it
,
to
go
and
join
the
Lord
Muskerry's
Party
in
the
County
of
Kerry
:
the
rest
to
return
home
,
with
promise
of
Protection
as
long
as
they
behaved
themselves
peaceably
,
excepting
only
such
who
should
appear
to
have
been
guilty
of
Murder
in
the
first
Year
of
the
War
,
or
afterwards
.
Having
placed
a
Garison
in
Carickgoholt
,
I
returned
towards
Limerick
,
and
being
on
my
March
thither
,
I
was
met
by
an
Officer
of
the
Guard
,
with
Orders
from
the
Deputy
for
my
Return
;
who
thinking
it
impossible
to
reduce
this
Garison
by
Force
in
such
a
Season
,
was
unwilling
that
the
Souldiers
should
remain
longer
in
the
Field
,
exposed
to
such
cruel
and
sharp
Weather
.
The
Messenger
also
acquainted
me
,
that
the
Deputy
was
coming
towards
us
,
which
he
did
,
as
well
to
view
the
Country
,
in
order
to
the
more
equal
distribution
of
Winter-quarters
and
Garisons
,
as
to
let
us
see
that
he
would
not
command
any
Service
,
but
such
as
he
was
willing
to
take
a
share
of
himself
.
Upon
this
advice
I
hastned
with
a
Party
to
meet
him
,
giving
Orders
for
the
rest
to
follow
as
fast
as
they
could
conveniently
.
At
our
Meeting
I
gave
him
an
account
of
what
I
had
done
,
with
which
he
was
very
well
satisfied
.
After
two
days
March
,
without
any
thing
remarkable
but
bad
Quarters
,
we
entred
into
the
Barony
of
Burren
,
of
which
it
is
said
,
that
it
is
a
Country
where
there
is
not
Water
enough
to
drown
a
Man
,
Wood
enough
to
hang
one
,
nor
Earth
enough
to
bury
him
;
which
last
is
so
scarce
,
that
the
Inhabitants
steal
it
from
one
another
,
and
yet
their
Cattle
are
very
fat
;
for
the
Grass
growing
in
Turfs
of
Earth
,
of
two
or
three
Foot
square
,
that
lie
between
the
Rocks
,
which
are
of
Limestone
,
is
very
sweet
and
nourishing
.
Being
in
these
Parts
we
went
to
Lemmene
,
a
House
of
that
Connor
O
Bryan
whom
we
had
killed
near
Inchecroghuan
;
and
finding
it
indifferent
strong
,
being
built
with
Stone
,
and
having
a
good
Wall
about
it
,
we
put
a
Garison
into
it
,
and
furnished
it
with
all
things
necessary
.
The
next
day
the
Deputy
with
a
Party
of
Horse
went
to
view
some
other
Places
where
he
designed
to
appoint
Garisons
,
in
order
to
prevent
the
sending
of
Provisions
into
Galway
,
to
which
this
Country
lies
contiguous
.
I
was
very
desirous
to
attend
him
according
to
my
Duty
,
but
he
having
observed
my
Distemper
to
continue
upon
me
,
would
not
permit
it
;
and
when
I
pressed
it
more
earnestly
,
he
positively
commanded
me
to
stay
.
That
day
there
fell
abundance
of
Rain
and
Snow
,
which
was
accompanied
with
a
very
high
Wind
,
whereby
the
Deputy
took
a
very
great
Cold
that
discovered
it self
immediately
upon
his
Return
;
but
we
could
not
perswade
him
to
go
to
bed
,
till
he
had
determined
a
Cause
that
was
before
him
and
the
Court
Martial
,
touching
an
Officer
of
the
Army
,
who
was
accused
of
some
Violence
done
to
the
Irish
;
and
as
in
all
Cases
he
carried
himself
with
the
utmost
impartiality
,
so
he
did
in
this
,
dismissing
the
Officer
,
tho
otherwise
an
useful
Man
,
from
his
Command
for
the
same
.
The
next
day
we
marched
towards
Clare-Castle
,
and
found
the
way
so
rocky
,
that
we
rode
near
three
Miles
together
upon
one
of
them
,
whereby
most
of
our
Horses
cast
their
Shoes
;
so
that
though
every
Troop
came
provided
with
Horse-shoes
,
which
were
delivered
to
them
out
of
the
Stores
,
yet
before
that
day's
March
was
over
,
a
Horse-shoe
was
sold
sor
five
shillings
.
The
next
morning
the
Lady
Honoria
Obryan
,
Daughter
to
the
late
Earl
of
Thomond
,
being
accused
of
protecting
the
Goods
and
Cattle
of
the
●●emy
,
under
pretence
that
they
belonged
to
〈◊〉
and
thereby
abusing
the
favour
of
the
Deputy's
Safeguard
,
which
he
had
granted
to
her
,
came
to
him
;
and
being
charged
by
him
with
it
,
and
told
,
that
he
expected
a
more
ingenuous
Carriage
from
her
;
she
burst
out
into
Tears
,
and
assured
him
,
if
he
would
forgive
her
,
that
she
would
never
do
the
like
again
,
desiring
me
,
after
the
Deputy
was
withdrawn
,
to
intercede
with
him
for
the
continuance
of
his
favour
to
her
:
which
when
I
acquainted
him
with
,
he
said
,
As
much
a
Cynick
as
I
am
,
the
Tears
of
this
Woman
moved
me
;
and
thereupon
gave
order
that
his
Protection
should
be
continued
to
her
.
From
hence
I
would
have
attended
him
to
Limerick
;
but
so
much
more
care
did
he
take
of
me
than
of
himself
,
that
he
would
not
suffer
it
;
desiring
me
to
go
that
day
,
being
Saturday
,
and
quarter
at
Bonratto
,
a
House
of
the
Earl
of
Thomond's
,
in
order
to
recover
my
health
,
and
to
come
to
him
on
Monday
morning
at
Limerick
.
Accordingly
I
came
,
and
found
the
Deputy
grown
worse
,
having
been
let
blood
,
and
sweating
exceedingly
,
with
a
burning
Fever
at
the
same
time
.
Yet
for
all
this
he
ceased
not
to
apply
himself
to
the
Publick
business
,
settling
Garisons
and
distributing
Winter-quarters
,
which
was
all
that
remained
to
be
done
of
the
Military
Service
for
that
year
.
I
endeavoured
to
perswade
him
,
as
I
had
often
done
before
,
that
his
immoderate
Labours
for
his
Country
would
much
impair
,
if
not
utterly
destroy
him
;
but
he
had
so
totally
neglected
himself
during
the
Siege
of
Limerick
,
not
putting
off
his
Clothes
all
that
time
,
except
to
change
his
Linen
,
that
the
malignant
Humours
which
he
had
contracted
,
wanting
room
to
perspire
,
became
confined
to
his
Body
,
and
rendred
him
more
liable
to
be
infected
by
the
Contagion
.
I
was
unwilling
to
leave
him
till
I
saw
the
event
of
his
Distemper
;
but
he
supposing
my
Family
was
by
this
time
come
to
Dublin
,
would
not
permit
me
to
stay
,
and
I
finding
I
could
in
no
way
be
serviceable
to
him
,
submitted
to
his
desires
.
I
found
the
Commissioners
of
Parliament
at
Dublin
,
and
acquainted
them
with
the
State
of
Affairs
in
those
Parts
from
whence
I
came
,
and
with
the
Resolutions
taken
by
the
Deputy
at
Limerick
;
but
soon
after
my
arrival
,
the
sad
news
of
his
Death
was
brought
to
us
,
which
was
universally
lamented
by
all
good
Men
,
more
especially
because
the
Publick
was
thereby
deprived
of
a
most
faithful
,
able
and
useful
Servant
.
The
Commissioners
of
Parliament
taking
into
their
consideration
what
method
to
observe
in
that
Conjuncture
,
and
presuming
that
my
Command
in
the
Army
was
next
to
that
of
the
Deputy
,
resolved
by
a
Letter
to
acquaint
the
Officers
of
our
Forces
in
Ireland
with
their
judgment
,
and
to
require
them
to
yield
Obedience
to
me
accordingly
.
I
earnestly
desired
them
to
forbear
sending
any
such
Letter
,
which
I
did
,
not
out
of
a
feigned
modesty
,
but
from
a
real
sense
of
the
weight
of
such
an
Undertaking
,
and
my
own
inability
to
perform
the
duty
of
that
important
Station
:
For
tho
the
Work
seemed
to
be
almost
finished
,
yet
there
remained
great
Difficulties
behind
,
the
Enemy
possessing
some
strong
Places
and
Islands
,
and
having
many
thousands
yet
in
the
Field
;
there
being
also
in
the
Parliament's
Pay
between
seven
and
eight
thousand
Horse
and
Dragoons
,
with
above
two
and
twenty
thousand
Foot
.
For
these
and
other
Reasons
I
desired
them
that
they
would
reserve
the
Power
to
themselves
,
till
the
Parliament
should
send
over
some
Person
to
undertake
that
Employment
,
which
they
might
do
soon
enough
;
the
season
of
Action
being
already
past
,
the
Troops
dispersed
into
their
Winter-quarters
,
and
nothing
of
importance
likely
to
be
done
before
the
next
Spring
;
acquainting
them
,
that
being
one
of
their
number
,
I
could
be
as
serviceable
in
their
Deliberations
and
Resolutions
,
as
if
I
were
entrusted
with
the
sole
Power
.
But
all
that
I
could
say
was
not
sufficient
to
disswade
them
from
sending
the
Letter
before
mentioned
;
and
tho
it
met
with
a
general
submission
,
yet
I
resolved
not
to
undertake
any
thing
without
their
Advice
and
Consent
,
which
they
readily
promised
to
afford
me
.
Some
of
General
Cromwell's
Relations
,
who
were
not
ignorant
of
his
vast
Designs
now
on
foot
,
caused
the
Body
of
the
Lord
Deputy
Ireton
to
be
transported
into
England
,
and
solemnly
interred
at
Westminster
in
a
magnificent
Monument
at
the
Publick
Charge
:
Who
if
he
could
have
foreseen
what
was
done
by
them
,
would
certainly
have
made
it
his
desire
that
his
Body
might
have
found
a
Grave
where
his
Soul
left
it
,
so
much
did
he
despise
those
pompous
and
expensive
Vanities
;
having
erected
for
himself
a
more
glorious
Monument
in
the
hearts
of
good
Men
,
by
his
affection
to
his
Country
,
his
abilities
of
Mind
,
his
impartial
Justice
,
his
diligence
in
the
Publick
Service
,
and
his
other
Vertues
,
which
were
a
far
greater
Honour
to
his
Memory
,
than
a
Dormitory
amongst
the
Ashes
of
Kings
,
who
,
for
the
most
part
,
as
they
had
governed
others
by
their
Passions
,
so
were
they
themselves
as
much
governed
by
them
.
The
Isles
of
Scilly
and
Man
were
reduced
to
the
Obedience
of
the
Commonwealth
;
but
nothing
extraordinary
happening
at
their
reduction
,
at
least
not
coming
to
my
knowledg
,
I
purposely
omit
the
relation
of
those
Actions
.
About
this
time
we
were
informed
that
Sir
George
Ayscue
,
who
had
been
sent
by
the
Parliament
to
the
Western
Islands
,
which
still
continued
in
Arms
against
them
,
arrived
at
the
Barbadoes
on
the
26
th
of
October
,
1651.
and
having
opened
a
Passage
into
the
Harbour
by
firing
some
great
Shot
,
seized
upon
twelve
of
their
Ships
without
opposition
.
The
next
morning
he
sent
a
Summons
to
the
Lord
Willoughby
to
submit
to
the
Authority
of
the
Parliament
of
England
;
but
he
not
acknowledging
any
such
Power
,
declared
his
Resolution
to
keep
the
Island
for
the
King's
Service
.
But
the
News
of
the
Defeat
of
the
Scots
and
their
King
at
Worcester
being
brought
to
Sir
George
Ayscue
,
together
with
an
intercepted
Letter
from
the
Lady
Willoughby
,
containing
the
same
Account
;
he
summoned
him
a
second
time
,
and
accompanied
his
Summons
with
his
Lady's
Letter
to
assure
him
of
the
truth
of
that
report
.
But
the
Lord
Willoughby
relying
upon
his
Numbers
,
and
the
fewness
of
those
that
were
sent
to
reduce
him
,
being
in
all
but
fifteen
Sail
,
returned
an
Answer
of
the
like
substance
with
the
former
.
Whereupon
Sir
George
Ayscue
sent
two
hundred
Men
on
shore
,
commanded
by
Captain
Morrice
,
to
attack
a
Quarter
of
the
Enemies
that
lay
by
the
Harbour
,
which
they
executed
Successfully
by
taking
the
Fort
and
about
forty
Prisoners
,
with
four
Pieces
of
Cannon
,
which
they
nailed
up
,
and
returned
on
board
again
.
At
this
time
the
Virginia
Fleet
arriving
at
the
Barbadoes
,
it
was
thought
fit
to
send
a
third
Summons
to
the
Lord
Willoughby
;
but
finding
that
neither
this
,
nor
the
Declaration
sent
to
them
by
the
Commissioners
of
Parliament
to
the
same
purpose
,
produced
any
effect
,
Sir
George
Ayscue
landed
seven
hundred
Men
from
his
own
and
the
Virginia
Fleet
,
giving
the
Command
of
them
to
the
same
Captain
Morrice
,
who
fell
upon
thirteen
hundred
of
the
Enemies
Foot
and
three
Troops
of
their
Horse
,
and
beat
them
from
their
Works
,
killing
many
of
their
Men
,
and
taking
about
a
hundred
Prisoners
,
with
all
their
Guns
.
The
Loss
on
our
side
was
inconsiderable
,
few
of
ours
being
killed
upon
the
place
,
and
not
above
thirty
wounded
.
Yet
these
Successes
were
not
sufficient
to
accomplish
the
Work
,
there
being
above
five
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
in
the
Island
,
and
our
Virginia
Fleet
preparing
to
depart
for
want
of
Provisions
.
In
this
conjuncture
Colonel
Muddiford
,
who
commanded
a
Regiment
in
the
Island
,
by
the
means
of
a
Friend
that
he
had
in
our
Fleet
,
made
his
Terms
,
and
declared
for
the
Parliament
.
Many
of
his
Friends
following
his
Example
,
did
the
like
,
and
in
conjunction
with
him
encamped
under
the
protection
of
our
Fleet.
Upon
this
the
most
part
of
the
Island
were
inclined
to
join
us
;
but
the
Lord
Willoughby
prevented
them
by
placing
Guards
on
all
the
Avenues
to
our
Camp
,
and
designed
to
charge
our
Men
with
his
Body
of
Horse
,
wherein
he
was
much
superior
to
them
,
had
not
a
Cannon-Ball
that
was
fired
at
random
,
beat
open
the
door
of
a
Room
,
where
he
and
his
Council
of
War
were
sitting
;
which
taking
off
the
Head
of
the
Sentinel
who
was
placed
at
the
door
,
so
alarmed
them
all
,
that
he
changed
his
design
,
and
retreated
to
a
Place
two
Miles
distant
from
the
Harbour
.
Our
Party
,
consisting
of
two
thousand
Foot
and
one
hundred
Horse
,
advancing
towards
him
,
he
desired
to
treat
;
which
being
accepted
,
Colonel
Muddiford
,
Colonel
Collyton
,
Mr.
Searl
and
Captain
Pack
,
were
appointed
Commissioners
by
Sir
George
Ayscue
;
and
by
the
Lord
Willoughby
,
Sir
Richard
Pierce
,
Mr.
Charles
Pym
,
Colonel
Ellis
and
Major
Byham
.
By
these
it
was
concluded
,
that
the
Islands
of
Barbadoes
,
Mevis
,
Antego
and
St.
Christophers
should
be
surrendered
to
the
Parliament
of
England
:
That
the
Lord
Willoughby
,
Colonel
Walrond
,
and
some
others
,
should
be
restored
to
their
Estates
;
and
that
the
Inhabitants
of
the
said
Isles
should
be
maintained
in
the
quiet
enjoyment
of
what
they
possessed
,
on
condition
to
do
nothing
to
the
prejudice
of
the
Commonwealth
.
This
News
being
brought
to
Virginia
,
they
submitted
also
,
where
one
Mr.
George
Ludlow
,
a
Relation
of
mine
,
served
the
Parliament
in
the
like
manner
,
as
Col.
Muddiford
had
done
at
the
Barbadoes
.
The
Parliament
of
England
being
desirous
after
all
these
Successes
,
to
convince
even
their
Enemies
,
that
their
principal
design
was
to
procure
the
happiness
and
prosperity
of
all
that
were
under
their
Government
,
sent
Commissioners
to
Scotland
to
treat
concerning
an
Union
of
that
Nation
with
England
in
one
Common-wealth
;
directing
them
to
take
care
,
till
that
could
be
effected
,
that
Obedience
should
be
given
to
the
Authority
of
the
Parliament
of
the
Common
wealth
of
England
.
The
Commissioners
appointed
to
this
end
on
the
part
of
the
Parliament
,
were
Sir
Henry
Vane
,
the
Chief
Justice
St.
Johns
,
Mr.
Fenwick
,
Major
Salloway
,
Major
General
Lambert
,
Colonel
Titchborn
,
Major
General
Dean
and
Colonel
Monk
.
This
Proposition
of
Union
was
chearfully
accepted
by
the
most
iudicious
amongst
the
Scots
,
who
well
understood
how
great
a
condescension
it
was
in
the
Parliament
of
England
,
to
permit
a
People
they
had
conquered
,
to
have
a
part
in
the
Legislative
Power
.
The
States-General
being
highly
displeased
with
the
late
Act
of
Navigation
passed
by
the
Parliament
,
which
they
accounted
to
be
a
great
obstruction
to
their
Trade
,
resolved
to
leave
no
means
unattempted
to
procure
it
to
be
repealed
.
To
this
end
they
sent
three
Ambassadors
to
England
,
who
pretending
a
desire
to
finish
the
Treaty
begun
formerly
between
the
Two
States
,
requested
that
things
might
be
as
they
were
at
the
time
of
our
Ambassador's
departure
from
Holland
,
designing
thereby
that
the
Act
lately
passed
for
the
Encouragement
of
our
Seamen
should
be
suspended
,
and
all
such
Merchandizes
restored
as
had
been
seized
from
the
Dutch
by
virtue
of
the
said
Act.
The
Parliament
refusing
to
consent
to
this
Proposal
,
the
States-General
gave
Orders
for
the
equipping
a
considerable
Fleet
,
consisting
of
about
a
hundred
Ships
of
War
,
giving
notice
to
the
Parliament
by
their
Ambassadors
of
these
Preparations
,
and
assuring
them
that
they
were
not
design'd
to
offend
the
English
Nation
,
with
whom
they
desired
to
maintain
a
friendly
Correspondence
,
and
that
they
were
provided
to
no
other
end
,
than
to
protect
their
own
Subjects
in
their
Trade
and
Navigation
.
But
the
Parliament
being
unwilling
to
rely
upon
the
Promises
of
those
,
who
by
their
past
and
present
Actions
had
manifested
little
Friendship
to
us
,
resolved
to
make
what
Preparations
they
could
to
defend
themselves
.
This
Alarm
awakened
us
to
a
diligent
performance
of
our
duty
in
Ireland
,
fearing
that
the
Hollanders
might
transport
some
foreign
Forces
by
their
Fleet
,
to
the
Assistance
of
the
Irish
,
who
were
not
only
still
numerous
in
the
Field
,
but
had
also
divers
Places
of
Strength
to
retreat
to
.
Our
Suspicions
were
farther
increased
by
the
Advices
we
received
of
a
Treaty
on
foot
between
the
Duke
of
Lorain
and
Theobald
Viscount
Taff
,
with
other
Irish
,
to
bring
the
Forces
of
that
Duke
into
Ireland
against
us
,
in
order
to
extirpate
all
Hereticks
out
of
that
Nation
,
to
re-establish
the
Romish
Religion
in
all
Parts
of
it
,
and
to
restore
the
Irish
to
their
Possessions
;
all
which
being
performed
,
he
should
deliver
up
the
Authority
to
the
King
of
Great
Britain
,
and
assist
him
against
his
Rebellious
Subjects
in
England
:
That
all
Ireland
should
be
ingaged
for
his
Re-imbursement
:
That
Galway
,
Limerick
,
Athenree
,
Athlone
,
Waterford
,
and
the
Fort
of
Duncannon
,
should
be
put
into
his
hands
as
Cautionary
Places
,
with
other
things
of
the
same
nature
.
The
Report
of
this
Agreement
being
spread
amongst
the
Irish
,
encouraged
them
to
make
all
possible
Opposition
against
us
,
in
expectation
of
the
promised
Succours
.
The
Commissioners
of
the
Parliament
on
the
other
hand
,
laboured
with
all
diligence
to
dispose
their
Affairs
in
the
best
manner
they
could
for
the
Publick
Service
;
in
order
to
which
they
sent
to
the
several
Commanders
of
our
Army
to
excite
them
to
the
discharge
of
their
Duty
,
making
provision
of
Arms
,
Ammunition
,
Clothes
,
Tents
,
and
all
things
necessary
to
the
carrying
on
the
War
in
the
ensuing
Spring
.
A
general
Meeting
of
Officers
was
also
appointed
to
be
held
at
Kilkenay
to
consult
about
the
best
Method
of
employing
our
Arms
against
the
Enemy
:
And
because
the
Propositions
offered
by
the
late
Lord
Deputy
to
those
of
Galway
,
had
been
no
farther
prosecuted
by
reason
of
his
Death
,
Orders
were
dispatched
to
Sir
Charles
Coote
,
authorizing
him
to
conclude
with
them
,
in
case
they
should
accept
the
Conditions
at
,
or
before
the
ninth
of
the
next
January
.
According
to
their
Orders
the
Officers
met
at
Kilkenny
,
by
whom
being
informed
of
what
they
thought
necessary
for
the
ensuing
Service
,
we
acquainted
the
Parliament
and
Council
of
State
with
the
Particulars
of
such
things
as
were
requisite
,
desiring
them
to
send
them
over
with
all
convenient
speed
,
that
no
time
might
be
lost
,
when
the
Season
of
the
Year
should
permit
us
to
take
the
Field
.
We
published
two
Proclamations
to
prevent
the
Country
from
supplying
the
Enemy
with
Arms
and
other
Necessaries
;
wherein
drawing
a
Line
as
it
were
about
the
Irish
Quarters
,
we
required
all
Persons
to
withdraw
themselves
and
their
Goods
from
the
places
of
their
resort
within
a
limited
time
;
which
if
they
refused
to
do
,
we
declared
them
Enemies
,
and
ordered
all
Officers
and
Souldiers
to
treat
them
accordingly
:
commanding
also
all
Smiths
,
Armourers
and
Sadlers
that
lived
in
the
Country
to
retire
in
twenty
days
with
all
their
Families
,
Forges
and
Instruments
,
into
some
Garison
of
the
Parliament
,
on
pain
of
forfeiture
of
their
Goods
and
Tools
,
besides
six
months
Imprisonment
for
the
first
Offence
,
and
of
Death
for
the
second
.
We
ordered
also
that
all
those
who
had
withdrawn
themselves
out
of
our
Protection
,
and
joined
with
the
Enemy
,
since
the
coming
over
of
General
Cromwell
,
should
be
deprived
of
the
benefit
of
Quarter
.
Having
published
these
and
other
Orders
of
the
like
tenour
,
we
appointed
the
Lord
Broghil
,
Commissary
General
Reynolds
,
Sir
Hardress
Waller
,
Colonel
Axtel
,
and
the
rest
of
the
Officers
,
to
cause
them
to
be
put
in
execution
,
as
occasion
should
require
.
Having
finished
our
Affairs
at
Kilkenny
,
and
dismissed
the
Officers
to
their
respective
Quarters
,
I
resolved
to
go
to
Portumna
to
make
all
things
ready
for
the
Siege
of
Galway
.
Being
on
my
March
on
the
other
side
of
Nenagh
,
an
advanced
Party
found
two
of
the
Rebels
,
one
of
whom
was
killed
by
the
Guard
before
I
came
up
to
them
,
the
other
was
saved
;
and
being
brought
before
me
at
Portumna
,
and
I
asking
him
if
he
had
a
mind
to
be
hanged
?
he
only
answered
,
If
you
please
;
so
insensibly
stupid
were
many
of
these
poor
Creatures
.
The
Commissioners
having
done
their
business
in
this
Place
,
and
given
Directions
for
the
carrying
on
the
Siege
of
Galway
,
with
Power
to
treat
,
as
before
mentioned
,
to
Sir
Charles
Coote
,
we
returned
to
Dublin
,
and
at
our
arrival
were
informed
,
that
the
Barony
of
B●rren
relying
upon
the
security
of
their
places
of
Retreat
,
had
refused
to
pay
the
Contributions
which
they
had
promised
;
upon
which
Sir
Hardress
Waller
had
been
obliged
to
lay
the
Country
waste
,
and
to
seize
what
he
could
find
,
that
it
might
be
no
longer
useful
to
the
Enemy
.
We
had
advice
also
from
Vlster
,
that
some
of
our
Troops
had
killed
and
drowned
about
a
hundred
and
forty
Tories
who
infested
that
Province
with
their
Robberies
.
The
time
limited
by
the
Proclamation
,
requiring
the
Irish
to
withdraw
from
the
places
mentioned
therein
,
being
expired
,
I
marched
with
a
Party
of
Horse
and
Foot
into
the
Fastnesses
of
Wicklo
,
as
well
to
make
Examples
of
such
as
had
not
obeyed
the
Proclamation
,
as
to
place
a
Garison
there
,
to
prevent
the
Excursions
of
the
Enemy
.
Talbot's
Town
was
the
Place
I
thought
fittest
for
that
end
;
which
having
rendred
defensible
against
any
sudden
attempt
,
and
furnished
with
all
things
necessary
,
I
marched
farther
into
the
Country
.
The
next
morning
I
divided
my
Men
into
three
Parties
,
sending
away
Colonel
Pretty
with
one
of
them
to
his
own
Quarters
,
lest
the
Enemy
should
fall
upon
them
in
his
absence
;
with
the
other
two
we
scoured
by
different
ways
,
the
Passes
and
Retreats
of
the
Irish
,
but
met
not
with
many
of
them
;
our
Parties
being
so
big
,
that
the
Irish
,
who
had
Sentinels
placed
upon
every
Hill
,
gave
notice
of
our
March
to
their
Friends
:
so
that
upon
our
Approach
,
they
still
fled
to
their
Bogs
and
Woods
.
When
I
came
to
Dundrum
,
a
Place
lying
in
the
heart
of
the
Enemy's
Quarters
,
I
perceived
the
Walls
and
Roof
of
an
old
Church
standing
,
wherein
I
placed
Captain
Jacob
with
his
Company
;
who
was
afterwards
very
serviceable
against
the
Enemy
.
The
like
Methods
being
taken
by
the
Lord
Broghil
,
Colonel
Zanchey
,
Colonel
Abbot
and
other
Officers
,
the
Irish
were
reduced
to
great
Extremities
.
About
fourscore
of
the
Inhabitants
of
Galway
went
privately
out
of
the
Town
,
and
seizing
a
hundred
Head
of
Cattel
,
designed
to
drive
them
thither
;
but
being
upon
their
Return
,
they
were
met
by
a
Party
of
ours
,
who
killed
threescore
of
them
,
and
recovered
all
the
Cattel
.
This
Disappointment
was
attended
with
another
much
greater
;
for
two
Vessels
loaden
with
Corn
endeavouring
to
get
into
the
Harbour
of
Galway
,
being
pursued
by
two
of
our
Frigats
,
one
of
them
was
taken
,
and
the
other
forced
upon
the
Rocks
near
the
Isle
of
Arran
,
where
she
was
lost
.
The
Parliament
having
received
an
Account
of
the
hopeful
Condition
of
their
Affairs
in
Ireland
,
and
of
the
great
Appearance
there
was
of
a
speedy
Determination
of
that
War
,
appointed
a
Committee
to
summon
before
them
those
Adventurers
,
who
in
the
Year
1641
had
advanced
Monies
upon
the
Lands
in
Ireland
.
The
said
Persons
being
met
at
Grocers-Hall
,
chose
twenty
eight
Deputies
to
manage
the
Business
with
the
Committee
in
the
Names
of
all
the
rest
.
In
conformity
to
this
Proceeding
the
Commissioners
of
Parliament
in
Ireland
began
to
consider
of
Qualifications
and
Heads
under
which
the
Irish
should
be
brought
,
that
the
Innocent
might
be
freed
from
their
Fears
and
Apprehensions
;
that
Justice
might
be
done
,
and
the
Guilty
punished
according
to
the
different
nature
of
their
Crimes
:
Of
which
the
Irish
having
notice
,
and
considering
the
declining
Condition
of
their
Affairs
in
all
Parts
,
sent
a
Letter
directed
to
the
Commissioners
of
the
Parliament
of
England
from
the
Principal
,
as
they
called
themselves
,
of
the
Kingdom
of
Ireland
,
and
subscribed
by
Gerald
Fitz-Gerald
,
on
the
behalf
of
their
Assembly
held
at
Glanmaliero
in
the
Province
of
Leinster
;
representing
,
That
being
advised
that
the
Commonwealth
of
England
is
in
a
condition
to
give
honourable
and
sure
Terms
to
them
,
they
are
in
an
entire
Disposition
to
receive
them
;
and
to
that
effect
desire
in
the
Name
of
that
and
the
rest
of
the
Provinces
,
a
safe
Conduct
for
every
one
of
them
,
with
Blanks
subscribed
to
that
end
,
that
they
may
impower
and
send
some
of
their
Members
to
present
Propositions
to
the
Commissioners
that
are
or
should
be
authorized
to
that
purpose
.
To
this
the
Commissioners
answered
in
substance
,
That
tho
the
Letter
was
subscribed
by
one
,
under
the
pretext
of
an
Authority
which
they
could
not
own
without
prejudice
to
that
of
the
Parliament
;
yet
for
the
satisfaction
of
those
concerned
,
they
thought
fit
to
declare
,
That
the
Establishment
of
this
Nation
doth
of
Right
belong
only
to
the
Parliament
of
England
,
who
will
distinguish
those
who
have
always
lived
peaceably
,
or
have
already
submitted
to
their
Authority
,
and
put
themselves
under
their
Protection
,
from
such
as
have
committed
and
countenanced
the
Murders
and
Massacres
of
the
Protestants
during
the
first
Year
of
the
Rebellion
,
as
well
as
from
those
who
continue
still
in
Arms
to
oppose
their
Authority
:
That
they
cannot
in
Justice
consent
to
an
Act
so
prejudicial
to
the
Peace
of
the
Country
,
as
would
involve
quiet
and
peaceable
People
in
the
same
Prosecution
with
those
who
are
in
open
Hostility
:
That
they
cannot
grant
safe
Conducts
to
such
as
persist
in
their
Opposition
to
the
Parliament
,
to
assemble
from
all
Provinces
,
and
to
communicate
their
Designs
to
each
other
:
But
that
all
those
who
will
lay
down
their
Arms
,
and
submit
to
the
Common-wealth
,
shall
have
as
favourable
Conditions
as
they
can
justly
expect
.
This
Resolution
of
the
Commissioners
being
made
publick
,
the
Irish
fell
upon
another
Expedient
:
in
pursuance
of
which
the
Earl
of
Clanrickard
,
who
had
been
left
Deputy
by
the
Earl
of
Ormond
,
sent
a
Letter
directed
to
me
,
then
Commander
in
Chief
of
the
Forces
of
the
Parliament
in
Ireland
,
in
the
Words
following
.