A
JOURNAL
KEPT
BY
Captain
John
Narbrough
,
&c.
MAY
15.
1669.
This
day
being
Saturday
,
I
received
from
the
Honourable
Mr.
Wren
,
Secretary
to
his
Royal
Highness
the
Duke
of
York
,
my
Commission
to
Command
his
Majesty's
Ship
the
Sweepstakes
,
the
Ship
being
at
Deptford
,
in
the
River
of
Thames
near
London
.
Sunday
September
26.
1669.
Set
out
at
his
Majesty's
proper
Cost
,
one
of
his
own
Ships
named
the
Sweepstakes
,
Burthen
300
Tuns
,
with
36
great
Ordnance
,
and
all
other
Munition
proportionable
;
manned
with
80
Men
and
Boys
,
victualled
for
fourteen
Months
,
at
whole
allowance
of
all
Provisions
both
good
and
wholesom
,
having
Oat-meal
for
Fish
,
and
four
Tuns
and
an
half
of
Brandy
in
lieu
of
Beer
,
stores
of
all
sorts
compleat
for
twelve
months
,
with
provision
of
Craft
to
take
Fish
and
Fowls
,
a
seyne
Net
,
and
hooks
,
and
lines
,
and
fisgigs
,
and
harping
Irons
,
twelve
Fowling-pieces
,
with
shot
,
and
pigs
of
Lead
to
make
Shot
,
if
occasion
,
&c.
And
the
Batchelour
Pink
,
burthen
70
Tuns
,
with
four
great
Ordnance
,
and
all
other
Munition
proportionable
;
mann'd
with
nineteen
Men
,
one
Boy
,
victualled
for
twelve
months
,
at
whole
allowance
of
all
Provision
good
and
wholesom
,
as
the
Sweepstakes
had
,
and
stores
proportionable
for
the
time
,
and
Craft
to
take
Fish
and
Fowl
,
&c.
Having
a
sort
of
Goods
to
the
value
of
three
hundred
pounds
,
as
followeth
,
Knives
,
Sissers
,
Glasses
,
Beads
,
Hatchets
,
Bills
,
Hoes
,
Nails
,
Needles
,
Pins
,
Pipes
,
Bells
,
Boxes
,
&c.
Dassels
Linnen
,
Cloth
,
Osenbrigs
,
Tobacco
,
and
Pipes
,
&c.
to
trade
with
the
Natives
,
at
his
Majesty's
Charge
.
Wednesday
September
29.
Hazy
weather
,
the
Wind
to
the
North-west
and
by
West
,
a
fresh
gale
:
I
stood
to
the
South-west-ward
as
near
as
I
could
;
this
day
at
twelve
a
Clock
,
the
Lizard
bore
North
of
me
a
little
Easterly
,
distance
about
12
Leagues
,
according
to
my
account
;
Latitude
by
account
,
is
49
d.
35
m.
This
day
I
spoke
with
a
French
Banker
:
Lizard
in
England
lies
in
the
Lat.
of
50
d.
10
m.
and
in
Longitude
East
,
from
the
Meridian
of
the
West
part
of
St.
Michael
,
one
of
the
Islands
of
the
Azores
18
d.
30
m.
From
the
Lizard
I
take
my
departure
,
and
keep
my
daily
account
of
the
difference
of
my
Longitude
from
that
Meridian
.
October
the
17.
I
made
the
Madera
;
which
Island
is
high
Land
,
and
irregular
in
Hills
,
with
Wood
on
the
top
and
down
the
sides
;
Planted
with
Vines
:
there
is
some
Sugar
made
in
the
Island
;
the
Inhabitants
Portugueses
.
The
City
of
Fonchiale
is
the
Metropolis
,
and
is
situated
in
a
Bay
on
the
South
part
of
the
Island
,
close
to
the
Sea
side
,
walled
next
the
Sea
,
and
well
fortified
with
Ordnance
;
fresh
water
comes
running
into
the
Sea
in
the
middle
of
the
Bay
,
in
a
fair
Rivulet
from
under
an
Arch
in
the
Wall
;
the
shoar-sides
are
great
pebble
stones
in
the
Bay
,
and
Rocks
in
the
other
places
;
the
Road
is
foul
ground
,
to
the
East
part
of
it
:
the
Ships
ride
in
shot
of
Ordnance
of
the
City
:
this
City
is
about
an
English
mile
in
length
,
and
three
quarters
of
a
mile
in
breadth
.
The
Desarts
are
barren
rocky
Isles
of
a
good
heighth
,
and
lie
at
the
South-east
point
of
Madera
,
above
a
mile
distant
from
the
shore
;
there
is
water
enough
between
Madera
and
the
Desarts
in
the
midway
,
and
no
danger
;
the
Desarts
trent
to
the
South-east
.
Fonchiale
Bay
in
the
Isle
of
Madera
lies
in
the
Latitude
of
32
d.
10
m.
North
,
and
in
Longitude
West
from
the
Lizard
of
England
10
d.
1
m.
and
Meridian
distance
143
Leagues
.
Sunday
being
the
17th
.
fair
Weather
and
little
wind
at
North-west
,
Course
by
my
Compass
South-west
.
I
make
my
true
Course
from
Fonchiale
Bay
,
till
to
day
at
noon
South-south-west
,
distance
,
sailed
34
miles
six
tenths
departure
West
13
miles
;
Diff.
Lat.
00
d.
32
m.
Lat.
by
account
31
d.
●8
m.
Meridian
distance
from
the
Lizard
West
,
147
leagues
,
1
mile
,
Longitude
from
the
Lizard
West
10
d.
17
m.
Difference
of
Longitude
from
Fonchiale
West
00
d.
16
m.
To
day
at
noon
I
saw
the
Island
of
Madera
,
bearing
N
b.
E
:
the
body
of
the
Isle
distant
by
estimation
11
leagues
;
it
makes
in
a
bluff
body
at
the
West
end
,
and
trents
to
the
East
:
Course
by
the
Compass
this
afternoon
SW
.
little
wind
to
night
;
I
shaped
my
nearest
Course
for
the
Island
of
St.
Jago
with
all
the
sail
I
could
make
,
the
Batchelour
Pink
in
Company
;
I
gave
order
to
my
Master
to
make
the
best
of
his
way
to
St.
Jago
Island
,
but
not
to
leave
the
Company
of
the
Batchelour
.
Saturday
October
23.
The
wind
at
N.
b.
E.
a
gale
:
this
day
in
the
forenoon
I
crossed
the
Tropick
of
Cancer
,
all
my
men
in
good
health
,
I
praise
the
Almighty
God
for
it
:
many
of
my
men
that
had
been
with
me
in
the
Indies
formerly
,
were
let
blood
;
for
I
take
bleeding
in
these
hot
Climates
to
be
a
great
preserver
of
health
,
diverting
Calentures
;
I
experienc'd
it
in
two
Voyages
before
to
the
Island
of
St.
Helena
,
and
in
one
to
the
Coast
of
Guinea
,
where
several
of
my
men
under
that
distemper
,
were
preserved
by
bleeding
;
in
all
these
Voyages
I
was
never
sick
one
day
,
nor
in
two
years
time
in
the
Mediterranean
Sea
,
nor
at
the
Canaries
;
for
when
I
came
near
the
Equinoctial
I
always
breathed
a
Vein
.
Thursday
October
28.
the
Wind
at
East-North-East
a
stiff
gale
;
this
Morning
I
saw
the
Isle
of
Mayo
bearing
S.
b.
W.
distant
by
estimation
eight
Leagues
;
it
makes
a
high
Hill
,
and
Craggy
to
the
East
part
,
and
low
land
towards
the
shore-side
,
to
the
North-west
part
of
the
Island
;
it
lies
from
B●navist
S.
b.
W.
distant
near
18
leagues
.
This
day
at
11
a
Clock
I
anchored
in
the
Road
in
seven
fathom
water
,
sandy
Ground
,
about
a
mile
from
the
shore
;
the
Northernmost
point
of
the
Road
bearing
N.
N.
W.
half
a
point
to
the
West
,
and
the
Southern
point
of
the
Road
,
bearing
South-east
from
me
;
distant
about
a
mile
and
an
half
:
there
are
craggy
Rocks
to
the
South
of
the
Road
on
the
shore
side
,
but
to
the
North
a
low
sandy
shore
;
the
Road
is
on
the
North-west
and
by
West
part
of
the
Island
in
a
small
sandy
Bay
;
there
's
the
Salt-pond
a
bow
's
shot
from
the
Sea
in
the
low
flat
Land
;
fresh
water
is
very
scarce
here
:
I
went
ashore
presently
after
I
had
anchored
,
and
found
a
heap
of
Salt
of
about
20
Tuns
;
I
got
aboard
again
immediately
,
and
sent
the
Long-boat
ashore
,
which
brought
off
2
Tuns
and
½
,
the
Suff
came
in
so
much
that
no
more
could
be
got
off
;
we
halled
the
Seyne
here
,
and
caught
abundance
of
good
Mullets
,
with
some
Cavalle
and
silver
Fish
;
one
of
the
Islanders
a
Negro
came
aboard
,
whom
I
sent
ashore
,
to
tell
the
People
that
if
they
brought
down
some
Cattle
I
would
buy
some
of
them
;
I
rode
here
all
Night
;
fair
Weather
,
the
Wind
Easterly
.
This
side
of
the
Island
is
dry
land
without
wood
;
here
are
many
Goats
,
and
Guinea
Hens
.
Friday
October
29.
fair
Weather
,
the
wind
at
NE.
a
fine
gale
:
this
Morning
I
sent
my
Boat
ashore
,
and
bought
of
the
Islanders
some
Goats
at
½
a
piece
of
Eight
per
Head
,
and
8
Cows
excellent
good
meat
at
6
pieces
of
Eight
a
Cow
,
giving
the
skins
again
;
my
men
caught
a
great
many
Fish
with
the
Seyne
,
which
this
day
we
split
,
and
laid
in
pickle
four
Hours
,
then
dried
them
to
keep
,
which
they
will
a
long
time
in
any
Climate
,
as
I
have
experienced
in
other
Voyages
,
and
are
very
good
Victuals
at
Sea
:
I
made
what
dispatch
I
could
to
be
gone
for
St.
Jago
Island
.
This
day
in
the
forenoon
,
a
Ship
passed
by
to
the
Westward
on
the
South
side
of
the
Isle
,
and
in
the
afternoon
we
saw
several
Ships
coming
from
the
Northward
,
which
were
the
Portuguese
Fleet
bound
for
Brazil
;
they
halled
into
Port
Praya
in
the
Isle
of
St.
Jago
to
water
:
this
night
I
weighed
,
and
stood
away
at
twelve
a
Clock
South-south-west
for
Port
Praya
,
with
the
Pink
in
Company
;
I
touched
at
the
Isle
of
May
for
Salt
,
which
I
knew
would
be
a
great
help
to
get
Provisions
in
the
Voyage
.
Saturday
October
30.
fair
wind
at
North-east
and
by
North
a
fresh
gale
.
This
Morning
I
steered
South-west
for
the
South
side
of
St.
Jago
,
where
is
the
Road
of
Port
Praya
,
lying
near
South-west
from
the
Road
of
the
Isle
of
May
,
and
distant
nine
Leagues
.
This
day
at
12
a
Clock
I
cast
my
best
Bower-anchor
in
Port
Praya
Road
,
in
10
fathom
rough
Ground
,
the
East
Point
bore
East
of
me
,
and
the
West
Point
about
West-south-west
,
about
half
a
mile
off
;
I
could
not
go
into
the
best
of
the
Road
,
the
Portuguese
Fleet
of
about
thirty
six
Sail
riding
in
it
;
the
Great
Padre
Eternel
Admiral
,
bound
for
Brazil
,
is
a
very
great
Ship
and
well
built
,
they
say
she
is
in
Burthen
1700
Tuns
,
she
hath
Ports
for
three
Tier
of
Guns
flush
,
but
now
she
had
but
eighty
,
and
poorly
mann'd
with
Seamen
,
and
so
were
all
the
rest
,
six
Frigats
might
have
taken
most
of
the
Fleet.
At
my
coming
in
to
Anchor
,
the
Admiral
saluted
me
with
seven
Guns
,
I
thanked
him
with
as
many
;
Captain
Francis
Wilksheir
in
the
Jerusalem
fired
five
,
I
returned
him
three
;
so
did
the
Reer-Admiral
,
and
I
return'd
the
Complement
in
the
like
number
,
several
of
the
Fleet
fired
three
,
whom
I
answer'd
in
conclusion
with
three
for
all
.
I
rode
on
the
broad
side
of
the
Admiral
,
and
saluted
the
Fort
with
five
Guns
,
which
return'd
three
,
then
I
sent
my
Lieutenant
ashore
to
ask
leave
of
the
Governour
to
water
,
which
he
granted
forthwith
;
my
Coopers
,
got
the
Cask
ready
,
and
this
Evening
put
one
boat
's
lading
aboard
.
Sunday
Octobor
31.
fair
Weather
,
the
wind
at
North-east
a
fine
gale
.
This
Morning
Don
Carolus
went
ashore
to
Pryam
;
with
much
ado
I
got
off
a
boats
lading
of
Water
,
for
the
Portuguese
boats
were
filling
too
,
and
a
great
many
Soldiers
at
the
watering
place
snatch'd
some
of
our
mens
Hats
off
,
and
run
away
,
wherefore
I
would
not
let
my
men
go
any
more
this
day
for
fear
of
quarreling
.
This
Bay
of
Port
Praya
,
as
they
call
it
,
is
no
Port
,
but
a
fine
round
Bay
,
having
high
steep
Cliffs
on
the
East
side
,
and
in
the
bottom
a
steep
Hill
,
where
the
Castle
is
,
that
hath
but
four
Guns
,
and
is
of
no
force
;
there
is
a
small
Fort
on
the
top
of
a
Hill
on
the
East
side
,
which
hath
three
Guns
.
On
the
North-west
part
of
the
Bay
the
shore
is
gravelly
and
sandy
,
and
there
's
a
Grove
of
Coco-nut
trees
:
A
fresh
water
Rivulet
runs
down
into
the
Valley
,
and
thence
through
the
Sand
soaks
into
the
Sea
:
this
Water
is
in
great
quantity
,
very
good
,
and
keeps
well
at
Sea
:
to
the
west
part
of
this
Bay
lies
a
small
Island
close
on
the
shore
,
which
has
Grass
on
it
that
may
be
cut
off
for
Cattle
,
which
I
did
;
this
Road
is
no
safeguard
for
Shipping
,
for
a
Man
of
War
may
take
any
Ship
out
of
the
Bay
,
without
receiving
any
damage
from
the
Forts
ashore
,
and
with
Fire-Ships
a
whole
Fleet
may
be
spoiled
at
pleasure
;
for
it
's
a
fresh
gale
every
day
,
and
there
's
but
two
points
of
Land
by
which
a
man
may
fetch
into
any
part
of
the
Bay
;
also
the
Bay
lies
open
to
the
Sea
from
the
East
,
Southerly
to
the
W.
S.
W.
I
called
for
my
Lieutenants
and
Master
,
and
acquainted
them
,
that
I
had
Orders
to
sail
from
thence
to
the
Coast
of
America
to
the
Southward
of
the
River
of
Plate
,
to
the
streights
of
Magellan
,
through
which
we
were
to
pass
into
the
South
Seas
,
and
that
we
must
shape
our
Course
to
make
the
shortest
way
of
it
,
and
be
careful
to
keep
Easterly
enough
of
it
,
to
weather
the
shoals
of
Brazil
,
called
the
Abroholls
,
lying
in
and
about
eighteen
degrees
of
Southerly
Latitude
,
for
the
Wind
blows
for
the
most
part
thereabouts
between
the
Latitude
of
ten
South
,
and
the
Latitude
of
twenty
South
,
at
East
by
South
,
and
East
South-east
fresh
gales
;
whilst
this
pass'd
,
in
came
the
Master
,
and
told
me
all
things
were
stowed
,
and
the
Wind
at
E.
b.
N.
fresh
;
I
concluded
with
him
that
our
best
Course
at
present
would
be
South
and
by
East
,
and
as
we
got
Southerly
and
the
Wind
grew
large
,
we
might
alter
our
Course
when
we
would
:
we
steered
a
Point
or
two
from
the
Wind
,
that
the
Ship
might
have
fresh
way
through
the
Sea
.
I
ordered
my
Master
to
steer
South
and
by
East
by
the
Compass
,
and
my
Lieutenant
to
call
all
hands
to
Prayer
,
read
Service
,
and
beg'd
of
God
Almighty
a
prosperous
Voyage
,
continuance
in
Health
,
and
love
to
one
another
,
and
that
we
might
prosper
in
this
Vndertaking
,
&c.
Instructions
for
Mr.
Humphrey
Fleming
,
Commander
of
his
Majesty's
hired
Pink
the
Batchelour
;
By
vertue
of
an
Order
from
His
Royal
Highness
,
dated
the
twenty
ninth
day
of
August
1669.
to
me
directed
.
YOU
are
hereby
required
to
sail
with
his
Majesties
hired
Pink
the
Batchelour
,
which
you
are
Commander
of
,
and
to
keep
Company
with
his
Majesties
Ship
the
Sweepstakes
to
the
Coast
of
America
to
the
Southward
of
Rio
de
la
Plata
,
and
along
the
Coast
of
America
to
the
Southward
,
till
you
come
to
the
Strights
of
Magellan
,
lying
in
about
53
Degrees
of
South
Latitude
;
through
which
you
are
to
pass
into
the
South
Sea
,
and
sail
along
the
West
Coast
of
America
Northerly
,
till
you
come
as
high
as
Baldavia
,
which
lies
in
about
40
Degrees
of
South-lat
▪
there
you
shall
receive
further
Orders
from
me
,
or
in
my
absence
,
from
the
Commander
in
Chief
on
board
his
Majesties
Ship
the
Sweepstakes
,
in
case
you
keep
Company
with
her
,
whose
Company
you
are
not
to
depart
from
or
leave
,
upon
any
occasion
whatsoever
,
as
you
will
answer
the
contrary
at
your
peril
,
unless
you
have
Order
from
me
so
to
do
,
or
in
my
absence
from
the
Commander
in
Chief
on
board
her
;
You
are
also
to
understand
,
that
you
are
to
be
employed
by
me
as
I
shall
see
occasion
to
employ
you
,
to
discover
Lands
,
Bays
,
Havens
,
Rivers
or
Streights
,
&c.
The
Design
of
this
Voyage
on
which
you
are
employed
,
being
to
make
a
Discovery
both
of
the
Seas
and
Coasts
of
that
part
of
the
World
,
and
if
possible
to
lay
the
foundation
of
a
Trade
there
.
You
are
not
to
meddle
with
the
Coast
of
America
,
nor
send
on
shore
,
unless
in
case
of
great
necessity
,
till
you
get
to
the
Southward
of
Rio
de
la
Plata
;
and
you
are
not
to
do
any
injury
to
such
Spaniards
as
you
shall
meet
with
,
nor
meddle
with
any
place
where
they
are
planted
:
You
are
to
take
Observations
with
as
much
Accuracy
as
you
can
,
and
also
to
cause
your
Mate
and
Company
to
do
the
like
,
to
observe
all
Headlands
,
Islands
,
Bays
,
Havens
,
Roads
,
Mouths
of
Rivers
,
Rocks
,
Shoals
,
Soundings
,
Courses
of
Tides
,
flowings
and
settings
of
Currents
,
where
you
come
,
both
in
the
North
and
South
Seas
,
&c.
and
cause
Draughts
and
Designs
to
be
made
of
them
;
and
also
you
are
to
take
notice
of
all
Trade-Winds
,
&c.
you
meet
with
,
and
of
the
Weather
,
and
especially
to
observe
Harbours
in
the
Streights
of
Magellan
;
You
are
in
all
places
where
you
land
to
observe
the
nature
of
the
Soil
,
and
what
Fruits
,
Woods
,
Grains
,
Fowls
,
and
Beasts
it
produces
,
and
what
Stones
and
Minerals
,
and
what
Fish
the
Rivers
and
the
Sea
doth
abound
with
;
You
are
to
do
your
utmost
to
procure
of
the
Minerals
to
carry
to
Enggland
,
and
to
deliver
them
to
His
Royal
Highness's
Secretary
.
You
are
also
to
mark
the
temper
and
inclinations
of
the
Indian
Inhabitants
,
and
where
you
can
gain
any
Correspondence
with
them
,
you
are
to
make
them
sensible
of
the
great
Power
and
Wealth
of
the
Prince
and
Nation
to
whom
you
belong
,
and
that
you
are
sent
on
purpose
to
set
on
foot
a
Trade
,
and
to
make
Friendship
with
them
;
but
above
all
for
the
Honour
of
our
Prince
and
Nation
,
you
are
to
take
care
,
that
your
Men
do
not
by
any
rude
behaviour
or
injuries
to
them
,
create
an
Aversion
in
them
to
the
English
Nation
;
but
that
on
the
other
side
they
endeavour
to
gain
their
Love
by
kind
and
civil
Usage
toward
them
,
and
whosoever
shall
act
otherwise
,
you
are
to
correct
him
or
them
for
so
doing
,
which
you
are
to
acquaint
your
Men
with
,
that
they
be
not
ignorant
.
You
are
to
be
careful
of
your
Provisions
and
Liquor
,
and
to
husband
it
to
the
best
advantage
,
that
there
be
no
wastful
Expence
made
of
it
,
nor
of
your
Ships
Furniture
,
as
Sails
,
Anchors
,
Cables
,
and
Rigging
,
&c.
and
that
you
endeavour
at
all
places
where
you
come
to
get
Provisions
,
Wood
and
fresh
Water
,
so
as
you
do
not
endanger
your
Ship
and
Men
,
which
you
are
to
be
very
careful
of
,
and
in
no
cause
to
expose
any
one
of
your
Men
to
the
hazard
of
his
Life
,
but
always
be
careful
that
they
be
well
guarded
,
and
be
watchful
,
for
there
have
been
many
cut
off
by
their
own
neglect
.
You
are
to
be
careful
to
keep
a
good
Command
aboard
over
your
Men
,
and
in
case
any
mutinous
practice
happen
under
your
Command
,
you
are
forthwith
to
make
it
known
to
me
.
You
are
to
be
careful
to
have
your
Ship
kept
sweet
and
clean
for
the
preservation
of
your
Men's
healths
:
And
God
prosper
us
.
Given
under
my
Hand
on
board
his
Majesties
Ship
the
Sweepstakes
,
riding
at
the
Island
of
Saint
Jago
,
in
Port
Praya
Road
,
November
5.
1669.
John
Narbrough
.
To
Captain
Humphrey
Fleming
,
Commander
of
the
Batchelour
Pink
,
these
.
Instructions
for
the
better
finding
each
other
,
after
separation
by
Chance
,
foul
Weather
,
or
otherwise
.
YOU
are
hereby
required
to
Sail
with
his
Majesties
hired
Ship
the
Batchelour
under
your
Command
,
and
to
keep
Company
with
his
Majesties
Ship
the
Sweepstakes
,
along
the
coast
of
America
,
to
the
southward
of
Rio
de
la
plata
,
to
Port
st.
Julian
,
on
that
Coast
,
which
lies
in
about
49
d.
20
m.
South
Latitude
,
which
your
Draughts
mention
.
In
case
of
Separation
at
Sea
in
this
Voyage
from
each
other
,
you
are
to
use
all
means
to
endeavour
to
meet
again
,
that
is
to
say
,
by
looking
well
abroad
at
Sea
,
and
so
to
observe
the
Order
in
your
failing
Instructions
,
to
know
each
other
at
sight
:
the
next
Post
of
Rendezvouz
will
be
at
Port
St.
Julian
,
which
is
on
the
coast
of
America
,
as
is
said
before
;
you
are
to
make
all
the
hast
that
you
can
thither
,
and
to
stay
for
the
Sweepstakes
there
two
whole
Months
,
if
you
get
thither
before
her
,
and
she
shall
do
the
like
for
you
;
In
your
way
thither
,
after
you
have
passed
to
the
Southward
of
Rio
de
la
Plata
,
't
will
be
best
for
you
to
Sail
along
the
coast
of
America
,
to
see
if
you
can
fall
with
me
,
and
to
make
Cape
Blanco
which
lies
in
about
17
d.
20
m.
South
Latitude
,
and
so
to
Port
St.
Julian
,
where
you
are
to
stay
;
you
may
also
enquire
for
me
at
Port
Desire
,
which
lies
in
about
48
d.
South-Lat
.
If
I
shall
come
to
any
place
and
be
gone
again
before
you
come
thither
,
I
will
leave
a
piece
of
Board
nailed
to
a
Pole
or
a
Tree
,
engraven
,
mentioning
the
Ship
's
name
,
and
the
day
of
my
departure
,
and
the
next
Port
I
intend
to
go
to
;
I
desire
you
would
do
the
same
,
and
at
Port
St.
Julian
I
will
do
likewise
,
and
also
leave
an
Order
for
you
tied
to
a
Pole
,
being
put
in
a
glass
Bottle
;
the
Pole
shall
be
placed
on
the
Island
which
lies
in
the
Harbour
at
the
West
end
thereof
,
where
I
shall
build
a
Tent
;
pray
be
careful
to
look
for
it
,
and
I
shall
do
the
same
for
you
;
it
may
be
I
may
have
an
opportunity
to
touch
on
the
Coasts
as
I
sail
along
,
if
I
can
find
any
Trade
with
the
Natives
;
you
may
be
sure
where
ever
I
come
to
find
those
Memorials
of
my
being
there
before
you
;
so
God
prosper
our
Intentions
.
Given
under
my
Hand
at
Port
Praya
,
Road
on
Board
the
Sweepstakes
riding
there
at
the
Island
of
St.
Jago
,
Novemb.
5.
1669.
John
Narbrough
.
To
Captain
Humphrey
Fleming
,
Commander
of
the
Batchelour
Pink.
DEcember
4.
many
flying
Fish
seen
to
day
,
and
Bonetto's
,
Sharkfish
,
and
Albycores
,
a
Fish
larger
than
a
Bonetto
,
but
of
that
Mackrel
shape
,
and
feaverish
Diet
,
they
live
upon
the
flying
Fish
like
the
Bonetto's
;
to
day
we
caught
some
of
them
with
Hooks
,
and
one
Shark
;
our
Men
eat
them
both
,
and
account
the
Shark
a
good
Fish
.
December
7.
To
day
the
Cooper
found
two
Buts
of
Beer
had
leaked
out
:
this
day
all
of
us
drank
Water
only
,
for
it
was
ever
my
order
that
the
meanest
Boy
in
the
Ship
shoud
have
the
same
allowance
with
my self
,
so
that
in
general
we
all
drank
of
the
same
Cask
,
and
eat
one
fort
of
provision
,
as
long
as
they
lasted
:
I
never
permitted
any
Officer
to
have
a
better
piece
of
Meat
than
what
fell
to
his
lot
,
but
one
blinded
with
a
Cloth
serv'd
every
Man
as
they
were
called
to
touch
and
take
,
by
which
means
we
had
never
any
Difference
upon
that
score
.
Saturday
December
18.
All
the
Ship
's
company
God
be
praised
in
good
health
,
most
of
them
were
let
blood
after
I
has
cross'd
the
Tropick
of
Cancer
.
and
none
troubled
with
the
Calenture
in
this
Voyage
.
Whilst
I
am
in
the
hot
Weather
I
allow
a
quart
of
Vinegar
to
6
Men
per
Week
,
and
also
to
eat
with
their
Fresh
fish
,
which
I
didvide
equally
among
the
whole
Ship
's
Company
,
be
it
little
or
much
,
or
caught
by
whomsoever
.
Friday
December
24.
I
find
great
Difference
within
this
48
hours
between
my
dead
Account
,
as
we
call
it
,
which
is
kept
by
the
Log
,
and
the
Observation
I
made
these
2
days
when
the
Sun
was
on
the
Meridian
;
for
I
find
I
have
gone
more
Southerly
by
12
Miles
than
the
Log
allows
;
I
can't
perceive
any
variation
,
and
the
Log
is
well
kept
,
and
the
half
minute
Glass
good
;
I
judge
the
Current
sets
to
the
Southward
,
now
the
Winds
are
at
the
East
,
and
the
Moon
near
the
full
.
December
30.
This
Afternoon
I
took
an
Azimuth
,
and
find
six
degrees
ten
minutes
variation
Easterly
,
my
Observation
being
of
a
good
one
;
fair
Weather
to
Night
at
9
a
Clock
,
Nebeles
major
was
very
visible
in
the
Heaven
,
and
seems
to
be
a
piece
of
the
Milky-way
broke
from
it
;
the
Southern
Constellations
appear
which
are
near
the
Pole
Antarctick
,
the
Camelion
,
the
Bird
of
Paradise
,
the
Tail
of
little
Hydra
,
and
the
Water-snake
,
which
are
all
small
Stars
of
the
5th
and
6th
Magnitude
;
no
Pole-star
nor
any
Star
fit
for
Observation
to
be
seen
within
15
degrees
of
the
Pole
,
the
Crosers
Stars
of
the
first
and
second
Magnitude
are
good
for
Observation
,
and
are
in
this
form
when
they
are
on
Meridian
above
the
Pole
.
Some
Fowls
flying
to
and
fro
,
a
kind
of
Sea-gulls
,
and
Gannet
a
black
Sea-Fowl
as
big
as
a
Pigeon
,
and
some
large
ones
of
that
kind
,
three
Tropick
Birds
flying
over
the
Ship
of
a
grey
Colour
,
with
a
long
spired
Tail
as
big
as
Pigeons
.
Some
Bonetto's
taken
to
day
;
A
great
broad
flat
Fish
like
a
Scate
following
the
Ship
,
called
by
the
seamen
a
String-Ray
,
having
a
long
Tail
and
a
sharp
bow
at
the
end
of
it
,
when
it
pricks
a
Man
it
puts
him
to
much
pain
,
they
are
called
by
some
Clock-fishes
,
the
lesser
sort
are
good
to
eat
.
January
5.
Variation
of
the
Compass
by
an
Amplitude
in
the
Morning
06
d.
46
m.
East
;
this
Afternoon
I
brought
the
Ship
to
,
and
sounded
one
hundred
and
eighty
four
fathom
right
down
,
and
had
no
ground
;
I
being
thwart
of
the
Shoals
of
Brazil
caused
me
to
sound
,
I
thought
the
Sea
look'd
whiter
than
usual
,
variation
at
Sun-set
6
d.
46
m.
East
;
little
Wind
this
Afternoon
,
at
East
by
North
;
I
made
all
the
Sail
I
could
,
Stay-sails
,
Steering-sail
,
Boats-sails
and
Bonadventure
misen
,
all
set
to
draw
away
Southerly
,
some
Fowls
flying
over
the
ship
which
we
call
Men
of
war
,
they
prey
on
flying
Fish
,
&c.
January
14.
Few
Fish
seen
,
now
and
then
a
small
Bonetto
taken
,
small
Sea-Fowls
call'd
Black
Nodies
flying
to
and
fro
,
and
2
Curlieus
flying
to
the
Eastward
.
January
24.
I
judge
a
Current
sets
out
of
the
River
of
Plate
,
for
I
find
nine
miles
more
to
the
Southward
than
I
expected
;
I
have
been
careful
of
my
Course
and
Variation
,
which
is
but
18
d
▪
20
m.
East
,
by
an
amplitude
taken
to
Night
;
I
am
open
of
the
mouth
of
the
River
of
plate
,
sounded
to
Night
,
but
no
ground
at
one
hundred
and
forty
five
Fathom
;
Wind
at
North
and
by
East
,
all
Night
close
Weather
;
I
steered
South-west
and
by
South
.
Monday
January
31.
Calm
this
Morning
at
8
a
Clock
the
Wind
came
to
the
North-west
a
fine
gale
;
at
eleven
a
Clock
the
Wind
went
round
the
Compass
,
and
came
to
North
;
with
much
thunder
,
lightning
,
and
some
rain
;
very
dark
Clouds
,
cold
hasey
Weather
;
several
spots
of
Sea-weeds
driving
in
the
Sea
,
and
a
great
many
Sea-fowls
of
a
brown
colour
swimming
in
it
:
smoath
Water
;
Course
steered
is
South-west
by
my
Compass
;
this
day
one
main
shroud
and
one
fore-shroud
broke
,
and
to
strope
of
the
Main-jeer
block
;
Variation
of
Sun-rising
by
an
Amplitude
is
19
d.
43
m.
East
;
all
my
Men
in
good
health
,
God
be
praised
.
All
the
Albycores
,
Bonettos
,
and
flying
Fish
have
quite
left
the
Ship
;
no
Fish
to
be
seen
but
Whales
.
Tuesday
February
1.
Cloudy
foggy
Weather
this
Morning
,
and
little
Wind
at
South-east
.
I
stood
to
the
South-westward
,
I
saw
abundance
of
Sea-fowl
flying
to
and
fro
;
striking
about
the
weeds
for
small
Fish
,
several
beds
of
Sea-weeds
driving
by
the
Ship
;
it
fell
calm
this
Afternoon
;
many
small
Shrimps
about
the
Ship
,
and
eight
young
Seal-fishes
close
to
it
;
they
were
as
big
as
an
ordinary
Spaniel-dog
,
of
a
black
colour
,
and
went
away
to
the
Westward
;
this
Afternoon
a
fresh
gale
at
South-south-east
;
I
steer'd
away
Southward
and
by
West
by
my
Compass
;
the
Air
was
cold
here
on
a
sudden
,
as
't
is
in
England
in
September
.
These
Seas
are
very
much
exposed
to
sudden
Gusts
and
variable
Winds
,
for
the
Wind
has
run
round
the
Compass
twice
or
thrice
a
day
these
3
day
,
the
Sea-water
is
changed
whiter
then
the
usual
colour
,
whence
I
conjecture
,
I
must
be
in
Soundings
,
also
by
my
account
of
Longitude
,
kept
from
the
Lizard
,
I
am
not
1
d.
28
m.
off
from
land
,
according
to
Mercator's
Draught
:
This
Evening
I
sounded
,
but
had
no
ground
at
130
Fathom
;
Wind
at
South
a
fine
gale
:
I
steer'd
in
West-south-west
;
at
ten
a
Clock
to
Night
,
I
observed
the
Water
to
riple
as
if
it
were
over
a
shoal
,
and
had
ground
at
seventy
Fathom
;
I
caused
the
Head-sails
to
be
braced
to
the
Mast
,
and
sounded
;
fine
red
Sand
inclining
to
gray
at
70
Fathom
.
February
2.
Meridian
distance
from
the
Lizard
,
West
839
Leagues
,
2
miles
〈◊〉
;
Longitude
at
Noon
from
the
Lizard
West
49
deg.
43
m.
little
Wind
this
Afternoon
,
and
fair
Weather
;
we
lay
sometimes
one
way
,
sometimes
another
;
Wind
at
South-west
and
by
South
a
small
gale
.
I
hoisted
out
my
Boat
,
and
sounded
,
but
no
ground
at
140
Fathoms
;
I
tried
the
Current
with
my
Boat
,
but
found
little
or
none
worth
notice
:
the
Sea
ripled
in
many
places
;
I
sounded
on
them
,
but
no
ground
at
108
Fathom
;
several
Beds
of
Sea-weed
driving
to
and
fro
in
knots
;
these
Weeds
are
five
or
six
Fathom
long
,
in
strings
,
with
broad
leaves
on
them
of
a
brown
colour
,
at
the
root
hangs
a
Clod
or
Rock
of
2
or
3
pound
weight
;
several
Sea-Fowls
flying
and
swimming
near
the
Ship
;
being
quite
clam
,
my
Men
kill'd
some
of
them
with
their
Birding-pieces
,
for
they
were
very
tame
,
not
moving
at
the
report
of
of
a
Gun
;
they
are
very
like
to
Sea-Gulls
,
and
good
meet
;
some
Seals
and
Whales
seen
.
February
5.
were
seen
several
beds
of
Rock-weed
,
and
Sea-Fowls
,
much
like
Gannets
;
some
black
,
others
white
,
pied
,
and
grey
;
small
Seal-fishes
like
so
many
Dogs
,
for
their
Heads
resemble
Bull-dogs
,
which
they
'l
keep
above
Water
a
long
time
,
and
look
at
the
Ship
;
they
are
very
nimble
at
diving
and
skipping
out
of
the
Water
:
This
Afternoon
at
seven
a
Clock
I
was
in
the
Latitude
of
41
degrees
South
,
and
Longitude
,
West
from
the
Lizard
of
England
,
52
deg.
and
50
min.
and
in
Meridian
distance
▪
from
the
Lizard
895
Leagues
;
Meridian
distance
from
Port
Praya
,
616
Leagues
,
Longitude
from
Port
Praya
,
West
,
36
d.
34
m.
This
Night
I
advised
with
Don
Carolus
where
it
would
be
best
for
us
to
hale
in
with
the
Land
,
in
what
Latitude
,
or
at
what
Cape
or
Harbour
on
this
Coast
of
America
,
being
now
to
the
South-ward
of
the
River
of
Plate
,
and
according
to
my
Instructions
,
before
the
Coast
to
be
discover'd
,
and
a
Trade
set
on
foot
with
the
Natives
;
He
told
me
I
might
do
what
I
would
,
for
he
did
not
understand
the
Coast
,
nor
where
't
was
inhabited
;
't
was
his
whole
Discourse
in
the
Voyage
,
that
he
had
been
here
in
a
Galley
,
and
knew
all
the
Coasts
from
the
River
of
Plate
to
the
Streights
,
and
thorow
the
Streights
all
along
the
West
Coast
to
Baldavia
and
Lima
;
being
arrived
here
,
as
far
as
I
can
perceive
by
him
,
he
knows
nothing
of
the
matter
,
nor
any
thing
appertaining
to
Navigation
;
all
I
can
fancy
of
him
is
,
that
he
may
have
liv'd
with
a
West
-
Indian
Governour
,
whom
he
has
heard
talk
of
these
Parts
.
February
8.
at
7
a
Clock
this
Afternoon
the
Wind
came
to
the
West
South-west
,
a
stiff
gale
.
I
stood
to
the
Southward
;
much
Rock-weed
pass'd
by
the
Ship
to
day
,
and
several
Sea-Fowls
seen
;
very
cold
for
the
Season
,
being
Summer
,
which
Don
Carolus
began
to
complain
of
,
and
told
me
,
he
did
not
think
we
should
have
come
so
far
Southerly
;
I
shew'd
him
by
my
Plates
how
far
we
were
to
go
through
the
Streights
,
and
along
the
West
Coast
;
he
said
,
the
Spaniards
went
to
Chile
a
nearer
way
;
I
answer'd
,
't
was
into
the
River
of
Plate
and
over
Land
,
which
we
could
not
do
.
My
Company
are
all
in
good
health
,
but
some
of
a
puny
Race
grow
weak
in
being
so
long
on
Shipboard
;
I
give
them
Vinegar
once
a
Week
,
which
is
very
good
to
prevent
the
Scurvy
in
their
Mouths
;
also
I
order'd
every
Man
to
wash
his
Mouth
,
Face
and
Hands
before
the
receive
his
daily
Allowance
of
Bread
,
and
appointed
one
Man
to
see
it
performed
;
if
any
neglected
it
,
the
Steward
kept
their
Allowance
for
one
day
;
likewise
every
Man
is
commanded
to
keep
himself
clean
,
and
free
from
Lice
,
upon
forfeiture
of
his
daily
Allowance
to
the
Party
accusing
him
;
by
these
means
the
Ship
is
kept
neat
,
sweet
and
clean
,
tho'
the
dirty
foggy
Weather
is
a
great
Enemy
to
this
Discipline
.
February
19.
I
sounded
often
to
day
,
and
had
fifty
and
fifty
three
Fathom
;
dark
black
Sand
wth
some
bright
fine
Sand
in
it
;
Beds
of
Rock-weed
,
Seals
,
and
Porpoises
,
such
as
are
in
the
European
Seas
,
seen
to
day
;
three
Whales
,
many
Fowls
flying
about
▪
and
some
Penguins
in
the
Sea
,
swimming
near
the
Ships
;
at
2
a
Clock
in
the
Afternoon
the
Wind
was
at
E.
b.
S.
a
stout
gale
and
a
great
Sea
;
I
stood
to
the
Southward
,
close
haled
under
my
Courses
;
the
Pink
half
a
Mile
to
Wind-ward
of
me
udner
her's
;
she
out-sails
us
now
it
blows
,
and
puts
us
past
our
Top-fails
,
and
steers
along
with
us
with
only
her
Main-sail
set
;
the
Sea
runs
lofty
.
Monday
February
21.
At
a
quarter
of
an
hour
past
eight
this
Morning
I
saw
the
Land
bearing
West
of
me
,
and
distant
about
4
Leagues
:
I
sounded
,
and
had
21
Fathom
;
small
Stones
and
Sand
;
still
I
stood
in
West
by
my
Compass
.
The
Land
makes
but
an
ordinary
heighth
towards
the
Sea
side
,
but
farther
up
,
round
high
Hills
,
and
looks
reddish
;
the
Northermost
Land
I
could
see
,
which
was
Cape
Blanco
,
bore
North-north-west
of
me
about
two
Leagues
,
and
the
Southermost
Land
at
the
face
of
the
Cape
.
The
Land
trented
away
to
te
Southward
of
me
Southwesterly
,
of
an
ordinary
height
by
the
Water
side
,
but
up
in
the
Land
are
Hills
like
Tables
on
the
top
,
a
little
higher
than
the
rest
;
the
Land
makes
in
Hills
and
Valleys
all
along
,
like
Downs
of
an
ordinary
heighth
;
at
nine
a
Clock
this
Morning
I
braced
the
Head-sails
to
the
Mast
,
and
lay
so
half
an
hour
till
the
Fog
cleared
up
,
that
I
might
make
the
Land
plainly
,
being
within
five
miles
of
the
shore
side
,
which
made
a
kind
of
Bay
,
breached
on
the
shore
;
I
sounded
,
and
at
17
Fathom
had
rough
ground
,
with
some
small
stones
drawn
up
in
the
Tallow
of
the
Lead
,
which
was
dinted
by
Rocks
;
between
nine
and
ten
a
Clock
there
was
a
fine
clear
,
by
which
I
saw
the
Land
very
plainly
;
it
look'd
reddish
like
seared
Grass
;
no
Woods
to
be
seen
on
any
of
the
Hills
or
Valleys
,
but
all
as
bare
as
the
Grass-Downs
in
England
;
I
durst
not
send
my
Boat
a-shore
for
fear
of
losing
her
in
the
Fog
,
or
being
sunk
at
the
shore
,
whereon
the
Sea
breaks
very
much
:
the
Wind
was
at
North
and
by
East
;
a
fresh
gale
blew
almost
along
the
shore
,
and
being
out
but
24
hours
before
,
made
the
Sea
run
high
;
the
Land
lies
by
the
Sea-side
South-south-west
,
and
North-north-east
,
as
far
as
I
could
see
to
the
Southward
;
no
fire
or
smoak
to
be
see
upon
the
Land
.
Course
made
true
after
several
Courses
,
from
yesterday
Noon
till
to
day
at
nine
a
Clock
,
when
I
was
3
Leagues
off
the
Land
;
true
Course
is
West
6
d.
50
m.
Northerly
distance
;
sailed
fifty
miles
seven
tenths
.
Departure
West
,
50
miles
;
difference
of
Longitude
West
1
d.
15
m.
difference
of
Latitude
North
0d
.
6
m.
Latitude
by
account
is
47
d.
14
m.
South
;
no
Observation
this
three
days
being
foggy
Weather
.
Meridian
distance
from
the
Lizard
West
1014
League
,
1
mile
,
7
tenths
,
Longitude
at
9
a
Clock
,
from
the
Lizard
,
West
,
61
d.
56
m.
6
tenths
,
Longitude
from
Port
Praya
West
,
44
deg.
38
m.
5
tenths
.
Meridian
distance
from
Port
Praya
West
,
735
Leagues
,
1
mile
,
5
tenths
.
Variation
of
the
Compass
Easterly
,
18
Degrees
.
I
concluded
we
had
shot
past
Port
Desier
Harbour
in
the
Fog
,
for
the
Islands
and
Rocks
which
we
saw
,
were
Penguin
,
and
other
Isles
lying
about
it
,
which
lies
to
the
Southward
of
the
Harbour
of
Port
Desier
.
Many
Seals
,
Penguins
,
pied
Porpoises
,
and
several
Sea
Fowls
,
&c.
seen
to
day
.
Thursday
Febr.
24.
Hasey
Weather
;
Wind
at
West-north-west
,
a
fresh
gale
.
I
sent
Men
up
to
the
Top-mast-head
to
look
abroad
;
this
Morning
no
sight
of
the
Pink
;
I
judge
she
must
be
in
Port
Desier
:
I
weighed
about
8
a
Clock
this
Morning
,
and
stood
to
the
Northward
with
my
Ship
;
I
went
in
my
Pinnace
along
the
shore
to
the
Northward
,
whilst
the
Ship
sail'd
in
the
Offing
,
about
two
Leagues
from
the
shore
:
the
Shore-side
is
in
Beaches
and
scatter'd
Rocks
;
in
many
places
the
Tide
of
Flood
was
with
us
:
at
the
North-end
of
Seals
Bay
,
lies
a
small
rocky
Island
copling
up
like
a
Haycock
.
It
is
cover'd
with
grey-colour'd
Fowls
Dung
;
a
very
strong
Tide
runs
here
,
between
the
Island
and
the
Main
,
't
is
a
little
more
than
a
Cables
length
from
the
Point
of
the
Main
;
there
's
a
great
many
broken
Rocks
about
it
by
the
Sea-side
;
here
the
main
Land
is
low
and
sandy
,
up
the
Country
in
large
Downs
and
Hills
;
without
Wood
or
fresh
Water
any
where
:
On
this
Island
are
abundance
of
Seals
,
and
Sea
Fowls
;
we
gave
it
the
name
of
Tomahauke
Island
,
from
an
Indian
Club
lost
here
,
called
by
the
Caribbe-Indians
at
Surinam
a
Temahauke
,
't
is
all
a
craggy
Rock
,
a
little
bigger
than
Seal-Island
,
and
is
eight
Leagues
to
the
North-north-east
:
distant
from
it
to
the
Northwest
of
this
Island
,
is
a
deep
rounding
Bay
,
called
in
the
Charts
Spiring's
Bay
,
wherein
lie
three
small
Islands
of
an
indifferent
height
:
the
Land
,
in
the
Country
over
this
Bay
is
large
high
Hills
,
Rocks
lie
in
the
North
part
of
the
Bay
;
I
cross'd
it
in
the
Pinnace
,
amd
sounded
as
I
went
over
,
and
had
21
Fathom
,
rough
ground
in
the
mid-way
:
't
is
seven
Miles
broad
,
and
near
3
Leagues
deep
;
it
rounds
with
a
turning
up
to
the
North-northwest
ward
,
behind
a
Point
farther
than
I
saw
;
upon
which
rounding
Point
stand
black
Rocks
,
which
make
like
a
ragged
Building
,
and
a
Tower
in
it
:
at
my
coming
in
with
the
Land
,
I
sail'd
close
under
this
shoar
with
my
Boat
;
the
shore
is
steep
,
black
Rocks
,
and
low
Bays
,
with
Pebble-stones
and
sandy
Beaches
;
green
Grass
on
the
Hills
,
no
Wood
nor
fresh
Water
to
be
seen
;
at
the
North-east
Point
of
this
Spiring's-Bay
,
the
Land
makes
out
full
like
a
foreland
;
a
fair
high
Land
in
large
plain
Hills
,
with
sandy
small
Bays
;
at
the
face
of
this
Foreland
lie
six
rocky
Islands
;
one
is
a
Musket-shot
off
the
Main
,
the
rest
farther
off
;
the
outwardmost
is
the
biggest
,
a
Mile
from
the
Point
of
the
Main
,
and
is
called
Penguin-Island
;
it
is
indifferent
high
at
the
ends
and
low
in
the
middle
;
't
is
near
three
quarters
of
a
Mile
long
,
North-north-east
and
South-south-west
,
and
near
half
a
Mile
broad
East
and
West
;
it
is
all
craggy
Rocks
,
except
in
the
lowest
part
of
the
middle
,
which
is
gravelly
,
and
in
the
Summer
time
had
a
little
green
Grass
;
the
great
black
Gannets
lay
their
Eggs
here
,
and
the
Penguins
,
all
over
the
Island
upon
and
under
the
Rocks
in
Holes
;
Seals
lie
all
about
the
sides
,
on
the
tops
of
the
highest
Rocks
and
in
the
middle
of
it
;
the
number
of
Seals
,
Penguins
,
and
Sea-Fowl
upon
these
Islands
,
is
alsmost
incredible
to
them
that
never
saw
them
;
for
the
multitude
of
each
Creature
that
's
there
daily
,
is
numberless
the
Six
Islands
are
full
of
Seals
,
but
the
Penguins
frequent
the
biggest
most
;
I
put
a-shore
at
one
of
them
,
and
took
into
my
Boat
three
hundred
Penguins
,
in
less
than
half
an
hour
,
and
could
have
taken
three
thousand
in
the
time
,
if
my
Boat
would
have
carried
'em
,
for
't
is
but
driving
'em
in
flocks
to
the
shore
,
by
the
Boats
side
,
where
two
or
three
Men
knock
them
on
the
head
with
short
Truncheons
,
and
the
rest
heave
them
into
the
Boat
;
the
Seals
will
run
over
a
Man
,
if
he
does
not
avoid
'em
;
mean
time
the
Ship
was
standing
to
the
Northward
;
about
2
Leagues
off
many
broken
Rocks
and
foul
ground
lie
among
these
Islands
,
and
without
the
Point
of
the
outermost
it
makes
a
great
ripling
,
which
is
the
strength
of
the
Tide
,
reversed
from
the
Islands
aginst
the
other
Tide
;
to
the
Northward
of
these
Islands
is
a
Bay
,
four
Leagues
long
,
and
a
League
and
half
deep
;
in
the
Northwest
thereof
lies
the
Harbour
of
Port
Desier
,
which
we
could
see
from
Penguin
Island
's
bearing
North-north-west
from
Penguin
Island
,
distant
about
3
Leagues
:
about
the
middle
of
this
Bay
are
steep
white
Cliffs
,
near
two
miles
long
;
the
upper
part
of
the
Cliff
has
black
streaks
down
a
fourth
part
,
caused
by
the
Water
draining
down
on
it
;
the
Land
is
plain
on
the
top
of
these
Cliffs
but
further
into
the
Country
high
rounding
Hills
and
Downs
,
and
toward
the
Water-side
low
;
on
the
South
part
of
the
Bay
are
craggy
Rocks
on
the
Main
like
great
Walls
;
near
the
Sea
there
's
a
sandy
Cove
,
to
hale
a
Boat
up
in
foul
Weather
;
the
Cove
is
just
under
these
wall-like
Rocks
.
Saturday
Feb.
26.
Fair
Weather
,
the
Wind
at
West
,
a
stiff
gale
.
I
kept
a
Light
out
all
Night
,
that
the
Pink
might
see
if
she
came
along
;
the
first
part
of
the
Night
a
great
Fire
was
made
on
the
shore
for
the
same
purpose
:
Cold
weather
:
this
Morning
at
7
a
Clock
I
manned
both
my
Boats
,
and
into
the
Herbour
;
the
Ship
rode
moored
at
the
Harbour-mouth
,
within
the
Muscle-bank
,
in
six
Fathom
at
low
Water
;
I
sent
my
Men
upon
the
Hills
on
the
North
shore
to
look
abroad
for
the
Pink
,
and
make
a
Fire
in
the
dry
Grass
,
that
she
might
see
the
smoak
if
she
were
thereabouts
,
but
they
could
not
see
her
;
I
sounded
the
Harbour
in
many
places
to
day
at
low
Water
,
and
found
it
a
very
good
one
for
great
Ships
to
ride
in
,
provided
they
have
good
Cables
and
Anchros
;
I
searched
the
shore
,
but
found
no
Wood
,
and
very
little
fresh
Water
;
on
the
hilly
and
large
Downs
,
very
few
Bushes
,
but
dry
;
long
Grass
growing
in
tufts
and
knots
;
the
Soil
is
gravelly
and
dry
,
in
some
Valleys
well
mixt
with
black
mould
;
no
People
,
fire
or
smoak
but
our
own
to
be
seen
;
I
saw
several
places
where
they
had
lain
,
behind
Bushes
upon
Grass
,
which
they
had
plucked
up
,
and
that
they
had
made
small
sires
,
and
roasted
Lumpets
and
Muscles
;
there
lay
Wooll
,
Feathers
,
bones
of
Beasts
,
and
shivers
of
Flints
;
I
went
to
a
Flag
which
I
left
on
a
Hill
yesterday
with
Beads
at
it
,
but
finding
no
body
had
been
at
it
,
let
it
stand
;
no
Beasts
seen
any
where
,
except
two
Hares
running
over
the
Hills
:
this
day
we
were
taken
up
with
viewing
the
Harbour
,
so
that
we
did
not
advance
above
a
mile
and
a
half
into
the
Land
:
in
the
Valleys
between
the
Rocks
grows
abundance
of
wild
Pease
,
which
had
green
leaves
and
blewish
blossoms
,
both
tasting
like
green
Pease-leaves
in
England
,
growing
on
vines
and
tangled
together
;
also
very
sweet
smelling
Herbs
much
like
Tares
,
very
green
,
and
white
and
yellow
Flowers
,
likewise
green
Herbs
much
like
Sage
,
but
grow
in
knots
near
the
ground
like
Lettice
;
these
Herbs
with
the
Pease-leaves
,
made
a
good
Sallad
to
refresh
such
as
were
inclining
to
the
Scurvy
;
for
want
of
which
fresh
Trade
several
of
my
Men
were
falling
into
it
.
Here
are
abundance
of
very
good
Muscles
,
and
Limpets
on
theRocks
,
and
an
Island
frequented
by
many
Seals
,
and
Fowls
;
in
the
River
were
pied
Divers
as
big
as
Ducks
,
some
of
them
grey
and
black
shags
;
Ducks
and
other
Sea-Fowls
breed
on
them
amongst
the
Rocks
and
Bushes
:
to
day
I
went
upon
one
of
these
Islands
,
and
caught
as
many
young
black
Shags
in
their
Nests
as
loaded
the
Pinnace
:
when
I
have
discovered
better
the
particulars
of
the
Fowls
and
other
things
seen
here
,
I
will
mention
them
hereafter
:
Night
coming
on
,
and
it
beginning
to
blow
hard
,
I
went
aboard
with
Herbs
,
Fowls
,
and
what
else
I
had
got
to
day
;
and
divided
all
things
equally
among
the
Company
,
the
Boys
Dividend
being
as
large
as
my
own
,
or
any
Man's
;
it
blew
very
hard
this
Evening
,
and
looked
very
black
in
the
South-west
,
an
ordinary
gale
;
I
kept
a
Light
out
all
Night
in
the
Poop
for
the
Pink
:
this
day
all
the
Company
eat
of
young
Seals
,
and
Penguins
,
and
commended
them
for
good
Food
;
I
judged
this
a
very
fit
Harbour
to
fit
the
Ship
in
,
for
the
main
Mast
must
be
unrig'd
,
and
a
new
gang
of
shrouds
fitted
,
and
Ballast
be
had
;
and
it
might
be
a
means
to
fall
in
with
the
Pink
,
for
from
the
tops
of
the
Hills
we
could
see
a
great
way
into
the
Sea
,
so
that
if
she
should
come
near
the
Coast
,
we
could
not
miss
her
.
We
found
2
Springs
of
fresh
Water
,
one
in
a
Valley
close
by
the
Water-side
,
in
a
gully
above
the
Ship
,
half
a
mile
up
the
River
;
the
other
up
a
Valley
between
the
Rocks
,
just
a-brest
where
the
Ship
rode
,
about
half
a
mile
from
the
River's
side
,
right
from
Coopers-Bay
in
the
same
Valley
;
these
Springs
are
but
small
,
and
the
Water
's
a
little
brackish
or
saltish
,
for
in
the
dry
Valleys
the
Earth
is
naturally
saltish
;
the
Ground
and
Rocks
have
a
white
Rhime
of
Salt-petre
hanging
on
them
;
I
went
into
the
Land
2
miles
North-west
,
and
saw
the
Country
hilly
,
and
dry
Land
without
Wood
or
Water
;
some
craggy
Rocks
and
Valleys
low
,
but
dry
and
of
a
Salt-petre
nature
;
here
and
there
some
Bushes
with
prickly
Branches
,
and
Leaves
like
White-Thorn
Bushes
in
England
;
the
lesser
Bushes
have
small
dry
Gauls
growing
o●
them
,
with
a
small
dry
Seed
as
hot
in
the
Mouth
as
Pepper
;
not
a
Tree
to
be
seen
:
the
Soil
is
gra●
velly
and
sandy
generally
,
with
tufts
of
dry
feared
Grass
growing
on
it
;
I
digged
in
several
places
but
saw
nothing
but
gravelly
Sand
and
Rocks
;
no
sort
of
Metals
or
Minerals
;
I
looked
also
among
the
broken
Rocks
for
Metals
,
but
saw
no
sign
of
any
;
from
the
tops
of
the
Hills
I
could
see
a
great
way
into
the
Land
,
which
is
all
Hills
and
Downs
like
Cornwall
:
toilsom
travelling
to
those
that
were
not
used
to
it
;
I
could
travel
as
far
in
an
hour
as
many
of
my
Men
could
in
two
;
to
day
we
saw
nine
Beasts
feeding
on
the
Grass
,
very
like
Deer
,
but
larger
,
and
had
longer
Necks
,
but
no
Horns
;
reddish
coloured
on
the
Back
and
aloft
,
whitish
under
their
Bellies
and
up
their
Flanks
;
when
we
had
got
within
a
Furlong
of
them
they
fell
a
neighing
like
Horses
,
one
answered
another
,
and
then
all
run
away
.
Tuesday
March
1.
Fair
Weather
this
Morning
,
Wind
at
North
,
a
fine
gale
and
a
cold
Air.
This
Forenoon
I
filled
the
Casks
out
of
the
Spring
,
and
dug
them
deeper
;
I
set
up
a
long
Pole
with
a
white
Cloath
upon
it
,
on
a
Hill
near
a
mile
into
the
Land
,
where
't
was
most
likely
to
be
seen
by
the
Inhabitants
;
with
it
I
left
Beads
,
a
Looking-glass
,
a
Knife
,
a
Hook
and
an
Hatchet
,
to
invite
the
People
of
the
Country
to
shew
themselves
,
for
I
was
willing
to
see
'em
,
that
I
might
discover
what
they
had
;
but
through
I
went
about
the
Hills
this
Afternoon
,
I
could
see
neither
People
,
Fire
,
nor
Smoak
.
I
saw
three
Ostriches
,
but
could
not
get
near
enough
to
make
a
shot
at
them
;
they
were
feeding
on
Grass
,
and
at
first
sight
of
me
ran
●way
;
I
had
a
Greyhound
with
me
,
which
I
turn'd
loose
upon
'em
,
who
gave
Chase
to
one
of
them
,
and
at
last
gave
her
a
turn
,
which
she
recovered
,
took
to
the
Hills
,
and
so
escaped
;
they
are
grey
coloured
,
and
larger
than
a
great
Turky-cock
in
England
;
they
can't
fly
,
but
have
long
Legs
,
and
trust
to
their
running
:
I
saw
two
handfuls
of
Wooll
among
the
Grass
,
where
the
Natives
had
made
a
Fire
;
it
was
the
Spanish
red
Wooll
,
which
they
bring
out
of
India
,
and
very
fine
;
I
brought
it
away
with
me
,
and
set
the
Greyhound
at
3
of
the
large
Beasts
like
Deer
,
but
they
were
too
swift
for
him
:
Night
coming
on
I
returned
on
Board
;
at
7
a
Clock
this
Night
the
Wind
came
to
the
North
,
a
fresh
gale
,
and
hasey
Weather
;
no
sight
of
the
Pink
to
day
:
I
could
see
a
long
way
on
the
Sea
:
at
10
a
Clock
it
rain'd
,
and
the
Wind
came
to
the
South-East
.
Friday
March
4.
Fair
Weather
this
Morning
,
the
Wind
at
East
,
a
fine
gale
,
I
went
ashore
and
filled
fresh
Water
,
the
rest
of
the
Seamen
fitted
rigging
;
this
day
at
12
a
Clock
I
went
with
both
the
Boats
,
and
forty
Men
to
Seal-Island
,
into
the
Harbour
,
every
Man
with
his
Staff
and
Club
;
we
landed
,
drove
the
Seals
up
together
,
beset
them
round
,
and
in
half
an
hours
time
killed
four
hundred
young
and
old
;
striking
them
on
the
head
kills
them
presently
;
as
soon
as
they
were
knocked
down
we
cut
their
throats
,
that
they
might
bleed
well
whilst
they
were
hot
;
then
loading
both
the
Boats
with
them
,
I
carried
them
to
the
Bay
where
the
Tent
was
,
landed
,
and
laid
them
upon
the
Rocks
;
to
Night
the
Boat
fetch'd
them
all
off
:
the
great
Male
Seals
are
as
big
as
Calfs
and
resemble
a
Lion
in
their
shaggy
Necks
,
Heads
,
and
Faces
,
as
well
as
in
their
Roar
;
the
Females
are
like
Lionesses
before
,
only
they
are
hairy
all
over
like
a
Horse
,
and
smooth
,
and
the
Male
is
smooth
all
over
his
hind-parts
;
their
shape
is
very
deformed
,
for
their
hind-part
tapers
till
it
come
to
a
point
,
where
grow
two
Fins
or
Feet
,
two
more
grow
out
of
their
Breast
,
so
that
they
can
go
on
Land
a
great
pace
,
and
climb
Rocks
,
and
Hills
of
a
good
height
;
they
delight
much
to
lie
and
sleep
ashore
;
some
are
very
large
,
upwards
of
eighteen
Foot
in
length
,
and
thicker
about
than
a
But
in
the
Bilge
,
and
excessive
fat
;
there
are
thousands
fourteen
foot
long
,
the
common
sort
are
about
five
foot
and
all
very
fat
;
they
'l
gape
at
you
when
you
come
to
them
,
as
if
they
would
devour
you
,
and
't
is
labour
enough
for
two
Men
to
kill
one
of
the
great
ones
with
a
Hand-spike
,
which
is
the
best
Weapon
for
that
purpose
.
Saturday
March
5.
Fair
Weather
,
Wind
at
South-west
,
a
fine
gale
.
This
Morning
we
went
ashore
to
flay
some
Seals
,
and
cut
the
Bodies
in
good
handsom
pieces
,
and
salted
it
up
well
in
Bulk
on
Deal-boards
,
ashore
,
that
the
blood
might
drain
from
it
;
the
Meat
looks
as
well
and
as
white
as
Lamb
,
and
is
very
good
Victuals
now
,
but
when
't
is
a
little
salt
it
will
eat
much
better
;
those
we
dress'd
were
all
young
Seals
,
for
they
sucked
their
Dams
,
who
as
soon
as
they
come
ashore
bleat
,
immediatly
come
her
young
ones
,
and
bleat
about
her
like
Lambs
,
and
suck
her
;
one
old
Female
suckles
four
or
five
,
and
beats
away
other
young
ones
that
come
near
,
whence
I
believe
they
have
four
or
five
at
a
time
;
the
young
ones
which
we
killed
and
eat
were
as
big
as
a
midling
Dog
;
we
cut
the
fat
off
of
the
Great
ones
,
and
made
Oil
of
it
for
the
Lamps
,
and
other
uses
in
the
Ship
;
the
Oil
of
the
young
ones
we
fried
,
and
eat
with
our
Provisions
;
it
is
very
sweet
and
good
to
fry
any
Food
with
;
our
Men
will
have
it
to
be
as
good
as
Olive
Oil
;
most
of
my
Men
to
day
gathered
of
those
green
Pease-leaves
and
other
Herbs
for
Sallads
,
which
some
eat
raw
,
some
boiled
;
it
is
refreshing
to
their
Bodies
.
Sunday
March
6.
Blowing
Weather
,
Wind
at
West
:
This
day
,
after
Prayers
,
I
went
ashore
on
the
South-side
of
the
River
,
and
travelled
eight
miles
into
the
Land
,
South-west
and
by
West
,
having
twelve
armed
Men
with
me
;
my
Lieutenant
went
up
the
River
in
the
Boat
nine
or
ten
miles
,
to
see
for
People
that
way
;
my
other
Lieutenant
went
on
the
North-side
with
ten
armed
Men
to
see
for
People
,
and
view
the
Land
;
I
found
in
my
Travels
one
of
those
great
Beasts
like
a
Deer
,
dead
and
whole
,
the
Vermin
had
not
touched
him
;
all
his
Back
had
pretty
long
Wooll
of
the
colour
of
dried
Rose-leaves
,
and
down
his
sides
,
his
Belly
white
Wooll
;
he
was
as
big
as
a
small
Colt
,
he
had
a
long
Neck
,
a
Head
like
a
Sheep
,
so
was
his
Mouth
and
Ears
;
his
Legs
very
long
,
and
Cloven-footed
like
a
Deer
,
a
short
bushy
Tail
of
a
reddish
colour
;
no
Horns
nor
ever
had
any
,
it
was
a
Male
:
I
believe
these
Beasts
are
Peruvian
Sheep
;
(
Guianacoes
)
I
had
his
Paunch
opened
,
and
searched
for
the
Bezoar-stone
in
it
▪
and
in
the
Pipe
to
the
Stomach
,
I
turned
them
inside
outward
,
but
found
none
;
I
had
heard
West-Indian
Spaniards
say
,
that
they
have
taken
the
Bezoar-stone
of
Guianacoes
,
and
therefore
opened
this
,
which
I
take
to
be
the
same
Beast
:
In
travelling
to
day
I
saw
several
herds
of
them
,
sometimes
ten
,
thirty
,
or
forty
together
;
I
could
not
get
near
enough
to
shoot
at
them
;
they
neigh
like
young
Horses
,
and
so
wander
away
:
I
saw
nine
Ostriches
,
but
they
would
not
suffer
me
to
come
within
shot
of
them
;
I
let
the
Greyhound
at
them
,
but
they
out-run
him
up
the
Hills
:
we
saw
a
Fox
,
a
wild
Dog
,
and
five
or
six
Hares
,
of
which
the
Greyhound
killed
one
;
they
are
shaped
like
English
Hares
,
and
much
larger
,
and
instead
of
a
Tail
have
a
little
stub
about
an
inch
long
,
without
Hair
on
it
;
they
have
holes
in
the
ground
like
Coneys
:
no
Woods
to
be
seen
,
only
a
few
Bushes
like
White-Thorns
.
The
Land
is
dry
,
of
a
sandy
gravelly
Soil
,
in
large
rounding
Hills
,
not
very
high
,
but
in
Downs
and
Valleys
,
bearing
nothing
but
Grass
;
here
and
there
are
gullies
of
fresh
Water
in
the
Valleys
,
which
is
made
in
the
Winter-time
when
the
Snow
dissolves
:
I
saw
several
places
of
salt
Water
in
the
Land
,
which
is
occasioned
by
the
natural
saltness
of
the
Earth
;
here
are
no
Fruits
nor
Herbs
:
When
I
was
at
the
farthest
,
and
on
a
Hill
,
I
could
not
see
any
sign
of
People
,
or
Woods
,
but
still
Hills
and
Valleys
as
far
as
we
could
descry
;
no
Birds
to
be
seen
but
Kites
,
which
are
like
those
in
Europe
,
and
small
Birds
like
Sparrows
,
and
Linnets
;
some
Flies
and
Humble-bees
here
:
we
saw
some
small
four-footed
Animals
running
in
the
Grass
;
speckled-Grey
,
shaped
like
a
small
Creature
in
England
called
an
Eft
,
Newt
or
Lizard
;
no
Adder
nor
Snake
,
nor
any
venomous
Creature
;
Cattle
would
live
here
very
well
,
such
as
Horses
,
Cows
,
Sheep
,
Goats
,
&c.
Evening
growing
upon
us
,
I
returned
to
the
Ship
,
and
't
was
within
Night
when
we
got
aboard
our
Boat
,
and
ten
a
Clock
when
we
entered
the
Ship
;
I
found
on
Board
my
Lieutenant
that
went
up
the
River
,
but
they
which
went
on
the
North-side
were
not
come
back
;
up
the
River
they
saw
five
small
Islands
,
which
had
Sea-fowls
on
them
and
Bushes
for
fewel
;
the
River
grows
broader
upwards
and
has
several
Rocks
in
it
;
on
the
shoar
they
saw
Guianacoes
,
Ostriches
,
and
Hares
;
no
People
,
Fire
or
Smoak
;
they
saw
where
People
had
been
,
and
Fires
made
,
and
Muscles
and
Lumpets
roasted
;
no
fresh
Water
nor
Wood
,
nor
any
Metal
or
Mineral
;
the
Land
hilly
with
Grass
on
it
:
At
twelve
a
Clock
to
Night
those
that
went
on
the
North-side
came
aboard
;
they
had
been
about
eight
miles
into
the
Land
North-west
,
and
saw
no
People
,
but
found
where
People
had
been
,
and
made
Fires
in
the
Grass
,
and
Grass
laid
to
fire
the
Bushes
;
also
where
some
had
lain
on
open
places
,
and
set
little
Bushes
in
Half-moons
,
to
shelter
them
from
the
Weather
;
on
the
top
of
a
Hill
they
made
a
fire
with
Grass
to
see
if
any
would
answer
them
;
they
sat
down
by
it
all
day
,
but
could
see
none
made
any
where
else
:
the
Land
is
in
rounding
large
Hills
,
not
very
high
,
but
like
Downs
,
as
the
Coast
of
Yorkshire
about
Burlington
;
no
Woods
nor
Trees
seen
,
nor
fresh
Water
;
here
and
there
a
Bush
growing
in
a
Valley
;
indifferent
good
Grass
;
the
Soil
gravelly
and
sandy
,
and
some
ridges
of
Rocks
;
they
saw
Guianacoes
,
Ostriches
,
Hares
,
and
Kites
;
several
little
Creatures
like
Efts
;
no
kind
of
Fruit
or
Berry
,
Mineral
or
Metal
:
I
charged
them
as
they
travelled
in
any
Gullies
where
Water
had
run
to
search
for
grains
of
Gold
,
or
other
Metal
,
&c.
for
Gold
is
found
in
grains
in
such
Gullies
,
and
much
Gold
is
found
in
the
Land
on
the
other
side
,
not
two
hundred
Leagues
distant
from
us
;
much
Salt-peter
hangs
on
the
Earth
where
Water
has
been
,
in
a
kind
of
Flower
;
the
plashes
of
Water
they
met
with
were
as
salt
as
Brine
,
which
the
Earth
made
.
I
saw
Smelts
here
eighteen
Inches
long
lying
dead
on
the
Shore
,
but
hitherto
have
not
seen
one
Oyster
,
or
other
shell-Fish
,
Crawfish
,
Lobster
,
or
Crab
,
though
't
is
possible
the
place
may
have
'em
all
.
Whilst
we
were
standing
by
the
Water-side
,
a
Seal
chased
on
shore
a
Fish
as
large
as
a
Mackrel
and
like
a
Mullet
;
one
of
the
Men
took
it
up
,
and
dressed
it
,
when
he
came
on
Board
,
't
was
excellent
good
;
here
must
be
a
great
quantity
of
Fish
to
maintain
all
the
Seals
,
Penguins
,
and
other
Fowls
that
live
upon
nothing
else
,
and
yet
are
all
extream
fat
,
and
innumerable
in
multitude
;
besides
what
Creatures
we
have
not
seen
yet
;
I
have
seen
Seals
in
this
Harbour
swimming
with
their
heads
above
Water
,
with
large
Fish
in
their
Mouths
.
Sunday
March
13.
Indifferent
Weather
,
Wind
at
West
,
a
fresh
gale
;
The
Air
cold
this
Morning
.
I
went
up
the
River
in
my
Boat
with
fourteen
Men
armed
;
I
past
the
Island
,
where
the
brushy
Bushes
are
,
and
where
we
took
the
young
Shags
;
there
the
River
grows
broader
,
near
a
mile
from
the
North
shore
over
to
the
South
,
and
continues
that
breadth
four
miles
,
then
it
becomes
narrower
,
and
turns
away
to
the
South-west
;
at
this
turning
is
an
Island
of
a
mean
height
and
Rocky
,
bearing
some
small
Bushes
and
Grass
;
I
went
upon
it
,
and
saw
a
Post
of
five
foot
long
set
up
(
it
had
been
the
timber
of
a
Ship
)
with
a
piece
of
Board
about
a
foot
square
nailed
to
it
,
at
the
foot
of
it
one
of
my
Men
took
up
a
piece
of
Sheet-Lead
,
and
gave
it
to
me
,
it
had
this
Inscription
engraven
on
it
,
MDCXV
.
EEN
SCHIP
ENDE
EEN
IACHT
GENAEMT
EENDRACHT
EN
HOORN
GEARRIVEERT
DEN
VIII
DECEMBER
VERTROKEN
MET
EEN
SCHIP
DEENDRACHT
DEN
X
:
IANVARY
:
MDCXVI
-
C
:
IACQVES
LE
MAIRE
-
S.
WILLEM
CORNS
SCHOVTS
-
ARES
CLASSEN
-
IAN
CORNS
SCHOTS
-
CLAES
IANSSEN
BAN
In
a
hole
of
the
Post
lay
a
latten
or
tin
Box
,
(
which
we
found
by
a
long
Plug
that
stuck
in
the
hole
)
with
a
sheet
of
written
Paper
enclosed
in
it
,
but
so
eaten
by
the
rust
of
the
Box
,
that
't
was
not
to
be
read
;
I
cut
out
with
my
Knife
upon
a
Board
the
Ship
's
Name
,
and
the
date
of
the
Year
and
Month
,
which
I
nailed
to
the
Post
;
and
brought
away
the
Lead
with
me
,
aud
named
the
place
Le
Mair's
Island
:
we
found
on
it
several
pieces
of
Boards
,
of
the
Wreck
of
some
Ship
,
that
had
been
burned
;
they
were
drove
up
here
by
the
Tide
;
the
People
of
the
Country
can't
get
upon
this
Island
:
From
hence
I
went
on
the
North
side
of
the
River
two
miles
into
the
Land
;
no
Trees
to
be
seen
,
but
many
Ostriches
and
Guianacoes
in
many
places
;
the
Soil
is
marly
and
good
,
the
Hills
not
very
high
,
but
plain
large
Downs
,
with
Grass
on
them
all
over
;
digging
in
two
or
three
places
I
found
sandy
dry
ground
near
a
foot
deep
,
then
Marle
:
In
my
opinion
it
might
be
made
excellent
Corn-ground
,
being
ready
to
Till
;
't
is
very
like
the
Land
on
New-market
Heath
;
no
People
to
be
seen
;
I
searched
the
Gullies
and
broken
Rocks
,
for
grains
of
Gold
or
Minerals
,
but
found
neither
:
I
returned
to
the
Boat
again
,
rowed
farther
under
the
shore
,
landed
,
and
mounted
asteep
high
Hill
to
view
the
Country
;
on
the
top
of
this
rocky
Hill
grow
small
Bushes
:
I
could
see
the
course
of
the
River
a
long
way
further
,
and
the
Land
all
Grass
;
here
and
there
a
white
spot
of
Marle
on
the
side
of
a
Hill
;
no
People
to
be
seen
nor
Boats
on
the
River
;
I
came
down
to
the
Boat
:
several
Creeks
run
from
hence
a
mile
or
two
into
the
Land
:
I
cross'd
the
River
to
the
South-east
shore
;
we
made
the
Boar
fast
in
a
Creek
in
a
Valley
,
and
went
all
hands
up
the
Land
three
miles
;
we
saw
many
Guianacoes
,
and
Ostriches
,
but
could
not
come
within
shot
of
them
;
I
saw
the
Footsteps
of
five
Men
that
had
been
upon
the
Oar
;
I
measured
my
Foot
with
them
,
which
was
larger
and
longer
by
half
an
Inch
than
any
of
them
;
we
could
not
see
any
People
:
it
being
near
Night
we
plucked
up
Grass
,
and
laid
it
to
the
best
advantage
for
shelter
;
here
we
lay
all
Night
,
keeping
watch
two
by
two
;
cold
Air
to
Night
,
wind
at
West
.
Monday
March
14.
Fair
Weather
but
cold
.
This
Morning
by
day-light
we
turn'd
out
,
and
marcht
into
the
Land
four
miles
South-west
and
by
South
;
we
could
not
find
any
fresh
Water
;
we
made
a
Fire
on
the
Grass
,
but
saw
no
sign
of
any
People
;
we
saw
Guianacoes
,
Hares
,
Foxes
,
wild
Dogs
,
pretty
large
,
and
a
grey
Cat
like
an
English
one
,
running
up
the
Hills
:
to
day
we
caught
an
Armadillo
;
the
Dogs
put
her
to
ground
;
they
have
holes
like
Coneys
;
we
soon
dug
her
out
,
't
was
as
big
as
a
great
Hedg-hog
,
and
not
much
unlike
one
;
the
Armadillo
is
cased
over
the
Body
with
a
shell
,
shutting
one
under
another
like
shells
of
Armour
;
the
Dogs
couls
not
hurt
her
:
we
saw
Rats
in
many
places
,
and
a
kind
of
Polecat
,
with
two
white
streaks
on
the
Back
,
all
the
rest
black
;
our
Dogs
killed
two
of
them
;
they
stink
much
,
several
Ostriches
,
some
Partridges
and
many
Kites
:
the
Land
in
fair
Hills
without
Wood
or
fresh
Water
;
the
Soil
a
sandy
Gravel
with
Grass
all
over
it
;
no
Mineral
or
Metal
seen
.
This
afternoon
we
returned
to
our
Boat
,
and
went
through
a
Creek
two
miles
long
,
which
is
dry
at
low
Water
,
and
not
more
than
thirty
foot
broad
;
it
makes
a
fair
Island
of
a
mean
heighth
,
plain
on
the
top
,
and
Grass
growing
all
over
it
,
but
no
Wood
nor
Water
upon
it
;
the
greatest
part
of
it
is
a
sandy
marly
Soil
;
't
is
two
miles
long
,
and
half
a
mile
broad
;
the
Greyhound
killed
two
Hares
on
it
presently
,
and
we
saw
above
twenty
;
I
called
it
Hare-Island
;
it
is
adjacent
to
the
South-shore
;
eight
miles
up
the
River
from
the
narrow
,
I
went
down
the
River
and
went
aboard
:
this
Evening
cold
Air
,
Wind
at
West
,
a
stout
Gale
;
towards
Morning
it
came
to
the
North
;
I
cannot
perceive
the
Indians
have
any
Canoas
or
other
Boats
here
.
March
24.
Blowing
Weather
,
Wind
at
West
.
We
fetch'd
all
our
things
off
the
shore
,
and
got
the
Ship
ready
to
Sail
;
I
went
a-shore
on
the
South-side
to
the
peeked
Rock
,
and
found
it
a
natural
Rock
,
standing
on
a
small
round
Hill
,
as
if
it
had
been
built
there
by
Man
;
it
hath
a
Cleft
on
the
top
it
as
big
in
circumference
as
a
But
:
't
is
near
forty
foot
high
above
the
Hill
it
stands
on
;
about
it
lie
little
lumps
of
Rocks
;
I
saw
nothing
else
worth
notice
,
so
I
return'd
to
the
Ship
;
the
biggest
stick
growing
in
or
near
this
Harbour
,
or
in
the
Countries
as
far
as
we
went
,
which
was
twenty
Miles
,
would
not
make
a
Helve
for
a
Hatchet
,
but
there
are
Bushes
which
will
serve
for
firing
at
Sea
:
before
Night
I
had
all
things
on
Board
,
and
the
Ship
fitted
with
intent
to
sail
next
Morning
,
and
look'd
along
the
Coasts
for
the
Pink
,
till
I
arrived
at
Port
St.
Julian's
Harbour
;
fresh
Water
is
scarce
in
Port
Desier
Harbour
in
the
Summer-time
;
the
places
from
whence
I
fetch'd
Water
,
are
small
Springs
on
the
North-side
,
out
of
which
I
filled
near
forty
Tuns
;
the
first
Spring
is
on
the
North-side
,
as
you
enter
the
Harbour
half
a
mile
up
a
Valley
,
in
a
gully
of
Rocks
:
it
bears
North-north-west
from
the
lower
Rock
;
that
we
called
Peckets
Well
,
is
a
mile
up
the
River
,
within
a
Bow-shot
of
the
salt
Water
,
't
is
in
a
gully
:
the
Land
in
these
Valleys
has
very
green
and
sweet
Grass
,
and
abundance
of
wild
Pease
;
small
Nut-galls
growing
on
the
Bushes
,
but
in
no
great
quantity
,
and
but
few
Bushes
;
Salt
may
be
made
here
,
for
on
the
Shore-side
,
and
on
the
Rocks
I
gathered
several
handfuls
of
good
Salt
.
March
25.
Gentlemen
,
You
are
by
me
desired
to
take
notice
,
that
this
Day
I
take
possession
of
this
Harbour
and
River
of
Port
Desier
,
and
of
all
the
Land
in
this
Country
on
both
Shores
,
for
the
use
of
his
Majesty
King
Charles
the
Second
,
of
Great
Britain
,
and
his
Heirs
;
God
save
our
King
,
and
fired
three
Ordnance
.
Saturday
March
26.
Wind
at
West
,
a
stout
Gale
.
I
stood
to
the
Northward
;
this
Morning
at
six
a
Clock
when
the
Sun
appeared
above
the
East
Horizon
,
the
Moon
set
in
the
West-horizon
,
being
eclipsed
at
London
at
Elevan
a
Clock
,
ten
minutes
in
the
Forenoon
;
but
here
at
six
a
Clock
thirty
minutes
past
,
which
gives
four
hours
forty
minutes
difference
of
time
,
between
the
Meridian
of
London
and
the
Meridian
of
Cape
Blanco
;
which
Cape
lies
in
the
Latitude
of
47
d.
20
m.
South
;
on
the
South-east
Coast
of
America
,
where
I
saw
this
Eclipse
70
degrees
in
Longitude
to
the
Westward
of
the
Meridian
of
London
,
by
this
Observation
;
I
could
not
see
the
whole
Eclipse
the
Heavens
being
clouded
;
I
find
Cape
Blanco
,
by
my
account
of
Sailing
,
to
lie
in
the
Longitude
of
69
d.
16
m.
to
the
Westward
of
the
Meridian
of
London
;
If
the
Moon
had
not
been
clouded
,
I
might
have
been
exact
in
the
Longitude
,
but
I
presume
my
Account
is
not
much
out
.
Cape
Blanco
lies
in
the
Latitude
of
47
d.
20
m.
South
;
and
in
Longitude
from
the
Lizard
,
West
,
61
d.
56
m.
and
in
Meridian
distance
from
the
Lizard
,
West
,
1014
Leagues
,
1
Mile
.
6/1●
.
Port
Desier
in
America
,
lies
in
the
Latitude
of
47
d.
48
m.
South
,
and
in
Longitude
from
the
Lizard
,
West
,
61
d.
57
m.
Meridian
distance
from
the
Lizard
,
West
,
1015.
Leagues
,
2
Miles
,
6/10
;
.
Penguin
Island
,
or
the
plentiful
Isles
,
Latitude
47
d.
55
m.
South
,
and
in
Longitude
from
the
Lizard
,
West
,
61
d.
57
m.
Meridian
distance
from
the
Lizard
,
West
,
1014.
Leagues
,
2
Miles
Variation
of
the
Compass
here
is
Easterly
17
d.
30
m.
April
1.
The
Sweepstakes
off
of
Seal's
Bay
in
the
Latitude
of
48
d.
10
m.
South
,
on
the
Coast
of
Patagonia
.
Saturday
April
2.
Fair
Weather
this
Morning
,
Wind
at
North-north-west
,
a
fine
gale
.
I
filled
at
Day-light
,
and
steered
away
South-south-west
,
and
South
and
by
West
by
my
Compass
,
as
the
Coast
lies
;
I
sailed
along
in
twenty
Fathom-water
:
black
Sand
distant
from
the
shore
near
three
Leagues
:
this
forenoon
at
nine
a
Clock
,
I
saw
a
small
flat
Island
to
the
Westward
of
me
;
about
a
League
off
the
Land
;
it
lies
in
the
Latitude
of
48
d.
40
m.
South
;
the
Land
against
it
is
high
,
in
large
Hills
,
and
some
round
copling
tops
;
two
Leagues
more
to
the
Southward
,
the
Land
is
low
,
in
a
great
Plain
,
and
a
Beach
by
the
Sea-side
,
but
the
shore
against
this
Island
is
rocky
;
I
was
two
Leagues
East
from
the
flat
Island
,
and
had
twenty
three
fathom
black
Sand
;
I
haled
close
in
for
the
shore
,
and
sail'd
within
five
Miles
of
it
;
all
along
from
this
Island
to
Port
St.
Julian
I
sounded
as
I
sail'd
along
,
and
had
18
or
20
fathom
fine
black
Sand
;
the
Land
is
low
in
a
Valley
;
the
Sea-shore
is
a
Beach
,
here
and
there
a
Rock
;
it
is
in
a
long
Beach
for
four
Leagues
;
after
you
are
to
the
Southward
of
the
Flat-Island
one
League
,
the
shore
lies
South-fourth-west
and
North-north-east
;
at
the
South-end
of
this
Beach
in-land
are
high
round
Hills
,
but
at
the
Sea-side
is
a
steep
white
Cliff
,
of
an
indifferent
heighth
with
a
black
streak
in
it
;
over
the
Cliff
the
Hill
rounds
up
to
the
top
,
having
some
small
black
Bushes
growing
on
the
side
;
no
Wood
or
Tree
seen
.
In
this
Bay
is
Port
St.
Julian
;
the
Harbour's
mouth
is
in
the
middle
of
the
Bay
,
but
you
cannot
see
it
without
,
for
one
Point
shutting
in
the
other
;
you
must
send
your
Boat
in
to
discover
the
Harbour
at
Low-water
,
and
the
Bar
without
,
for
't
is
a
barred
Harbour
:
the
Land
in
the
Country
over
Port
St.
Julian
,
on
the
West-side
,
is
high
copling
round
Hills
,
like
blunt
Sugar-loaves
on
the
top
;
●is
the
highest
Land
I
saw
in
all
the
Country
,
and
there
are
no
such
Hills
besides
on
the
Coast
;
the
Land
is
plain
to
the
South
without
any
Hill
,
as
far
as
we
could
see
at
this
time
:
this
Afternoon
it
proved
a
Calm
;
I
anchored
in
the
Bay
before
St.
Julian
,
in
twelve
fathom
Water
,
black
oary
Land
,
the
Harbour's
mouth
bearing
West-south-west
of
me
,
about
two
Leagues
off
:
I
sent
in
my
Boat
to
discover
the
Harbour
,
and
see
if
the
Pink
was
there
,
which
returned
to
Night
at
six
a
Clock
;
my
Lieutenant
told
me
there
was
a
safe
Harbour
,
and
Water
enough
for
a
bigger
Ship
,
but
no
Pink
,
nor
any
sign
of
her
having
been
there
;
now
I
despaired
of
ever
seeing
her
more
,
after
my
hopes
were
frustrated
here
;
nevertheless
I
doubted
not
the
success
of
my
Voyage
,
though
the
Company
thought
't
would
be
dangerous
being
a
lone
Ship
,
a
stormy
Sea
to
sail
in
,
and
unknown
Coasts
to
search
out
,
and
if
we
should
happen
to
run
aground
any
where
,
could
expect
no
relief
;
these
suspicions
I
soon
put
out
of
their
Heads
,
by
telling
them
of
the
great
Riches
of
the
Land
,
and
that
Captain
Drake
went
round
the
World
in
one
Ship
,
when
in
those
days
there
were
but
ordinary
Navigators
;
and
was
it
for
us
to
question
our
good
fortune
,
who
beyond
Comparison
are
better
Seamen
,
if
we
would
put
our selves
in
Action
;
and
for
me
,
I
would
expose
no
Man
to
more
danger
than
my self
in
the
Attempt
.
Calm
to
Night
;
I
rode
fast
,
a
small
Tide
running
where
I
rode
;
the
Water
ebb'd
near
three
fathom
perpendicular
:
it
is
near
nine
Leagues
from
the
Flat
Island
to
Saint
Julian
,
South-south-west
and
North-north-east
as
the
shore
lies
.
The
Mouth
of
Port
Saint
Julian
,
in
Latitude
49
d.
10
m.
South
,
and
in
Longitude
from
the
Lizard
63
d.
10
m.
and
in
Meridian
distance
from
the
Lizard
.
West
1030
Leagues
;
by
an
Amplitude
here
,
the
Compass
has
varied
16
d.
10
m.
East
.
Wednesday
,
April
13.
Fair
Weather
,
Wind
at
West
,
a
small
gale
.
Frosty
and
cold
Air
,
no
sign
of
the
Pink
:
I
went
ashore
and
haled
the
Seyne
on
the
East-side
;
at
the
first
of
the
Flood
we
caught
five
hundred
Fishes
,
as
big
as
large
Mullets
,
and
much
like
them
,
grey
,
and
full
of
Scales
:
some
as
big
as
a
Man's
Leg
;
we
caught
them
all
in
four
hours
time
,
returned
aboard
,
and
divided
them
among
the
whole
Ship
's
Company
;
they
eat
admirably
well
;
many
good
Muscles
lie
on
the
Rocks
,
and
Oyster-shells
on
the
Shore-side
,
and
growing
in
Veins
on
the
Rocks
,
but
no
Meat
in
them
:
Wind
at
West
to
Night
,
a
fresh
gale
.
Monday
April
18.
Wind
at
South-west
,
a
stiff
gale
.
Cold
Air
and
some
Snow
this
Morning
;
the
Winter
is
come
strong
and
stormy
,
so
that
't
will
be
impossible
to
hold
the
Coast
into
the
Streights
;
for
the
Wind
blows
altogether
from
the
West
or
West-southerly
,
and
in
such
Gusts
as
will
force
a
Ship
off
the
Coast
.
This
day
I
ordered
my
Purser
to
serve
the
Company
Brandy-wine
for
their
Allowance
,
at
a
Quart
per
Week
a
Man
:
I
got
a
Boats
lading
of
the
Wood
of
the
Country
aboard
for
firing
;
to
Night
it
blew
hard
at
South-west
;
all
the
Company
eat
salt
Seal
,
and
Penguins
for
their
Allowance
:
sweet
and
very
good
Meat
,
and
keeps
well
and
long
in
Salt
.
Friday
April
22.
Wind
at
South-west
,
a
stiff
gale
,
and
cold
Air.
This
Morning
I
went
ashore
on
the
North-west
side
with
twenty
Men
to
the
Salt-pond
,
which
is
rusted
all
over
like
a
Pavement
,
with
very
white
and
good
Salt
,
two
Inches
thick
,
for
two
miles
long
:
in
February
here
's
Salt
enough
to
fill
a
thousand
Ships
;
we
filled
two
Bags
and
laid
up
near
two
Tuns
out
of
the
Water
,
for
there
was
Water
over
the
Salt
,
which
began
to
decay
with
the
Rain
and
Weather
beating
on
it
:
at
Night
I
returned
aboard
,
we
brought
as
much
Salt
with
us
as
filled
a
Punchion
,
very
good
white
Stone-salt
,
whiter
than
French-Salt
,
and
of
a
very
pleasant
smell
;
I
saw
some
Guianacoes
,
and
Ostriches
:
the
Hills
and
Valleys
dry
Earth
,
and
Grass
on
them
:
on
the
higher
Hills
lies
Snow
,
no
People
,
but
many
places
where
they
had
made
fires
,
and
lain
under
a
Bush
for
shelter
;
no
Mineral
or
Metal
,
Tree
,
or
Fruit.
Wednesday
,
April
27.
Close
Weather
,
and
little
Wind
;
a
cold
Air
,
it
freezes
hard
,
the
Ice
bears
a
Man
.
Thursday
April
28.
Wind
at
West
and
by
South
,
a
fine
gale
,
cold
frosty
Weather
.
We
unrig'd
the
Ship
,
and
made
all
snug
,
intending
to
Winter
in
this
Harbour
;
the
Ice
will
not
suffer
us
to
pass
the
Streights
;
the
Winds
are
so
stormy
,
and
generally
out
of
the
Western
quarter
;
the
Nights
so
long
and
cold
,
that
the
passage
is
impossible
this
Winter
.
The
Port
I
found
safe
to
ride
in
,
and
good
refreshment
to
be
had
of
Fowls
:
as
Ducks
,
Peekes
,
and
Divers
,
&c.
In
the
Spring
I
may
be
ready
to
sail
to
the
Southward
,
when
we
shall
have
the
year
before
us
,
and
the
Sun
in
the
Southern
Signs
,
which
will
give
long
Days
and
short
Nights
,
and
temperate
Weather
;
Wind
at
North-north-east
this
Evening
,
and
Rain
:
it
blew
a
great
storm
to
Night
,
the
Boat
sunk
at
the
Ship
's
stern
,
and
lost
the
Oars
:
less
Wind
towards
Night
,
and
veared
to
the
West
.
Friday
May
6.
Wind
at
West-north-west
,
a
fine
gale
.
I
went
a-shore
on
the
North-west
side
with
thirty
Men
,
and
travelled
seven
or
eight
miles
up
the
Hill
,
saw
no
People
:
the
Land
is
great
Grass-Downs
in
most
places
;
and
on
the
tops
of
the
Hills
,
and
in
the
Ground
are
very
large
Oyster-shells
they
lie
in
Veins
in
the
Earth
,
and
in
the
firm
Rocks
:
and
on
the
sides
of
Hills
in
the
Country
;
they
are
the
biggest
Oyster-shells
that
ever
I
saw
;
some
six
,
some
seven
Inches
broad
,
yet
not
one
Oyster
to
be
found
in
the
Harbour
;
whence
I
conclude
,
they
were
here
when
the
Earth
was
formed
;
no
sign
of
Mine
or
Metal
,
no
Woods
or
Tree
;
We
found
a
good
Spring
of
fresh
Water
up
in
the
Hills
,
it
drains
into
salt
Water-swashes
:
We
saw
several
Salt-water
Ponds
six
miles
in
the
Land
,
made
by
the
saltness
of
the
Earth
;
we
saw
Ostriches
,
Guianacoes
,
and
a
Fox
.
I
made
a
Fire
on
the
top
of
the
highest
Hill
,
but
could
see
no
answer
;
I
returned
aboard
with
my
Company
very
weary
;
some
of
my
Men
fetched
Salt
to
day
:
fair
Weather
to
Night
.
Friday
May
13.
Indifferent
Weather
,
Wind
at
West-south-west
,
a
fine
gale
.
This
day
we
fetched
Salt
:
a
Gentleman
of
my
Company
,
Mr.
John
Wood
,
walking
on
the
Island
of
Jusice
,
found
three
small
pieces
of
Gold
Wire
in
two
Muscle-shells
:
which
Shells
were
made
together
by
a
green
Gut-string
:
the
Gold
was
to
the
value
of
two
shillings
English
,
and
had
been
hammered
,
the
wire
as
big
as
a
great
Pin.
Monday
June
6.
Cloudy
cold
Weather
,
Wind
at
South-west
,
a
fresh
gale
.
This
day
I
went
a-shore
with
sixteen
Men
,
and
travelled
ten
miles
West
into
the
Land
;
the
Hills
there
are
covered
with
Snow
:
't
is
very
cold
,
we
could
not
go
any
further
for
Snow
;
and
the
Air
is
so
cold
that
we
could
not
endure
to
lie
on
the
ground
;
on
the
Hill
that
I
was
on
,
we
could
see
nothing
but
Hill
beyond
Hill
;
no
Woods
,
nor
Trees
,
nor
Bushes
,
all
grass
Downs
:
the
Land
is
flat
on
the
tops
of
the
Hills
;
fresh
Water
runs
down
in
several
places
,
which
is
melted
Snow
,
and
when
the
Water
leaves
running
,
there
's
no
Snow
.
I
saw
many
Guianacoes
,
and
Ostriches
;
no
People
or
sign
of
any
:
close
by
the
Water-side
we
saw
many
places
,
where
they
had
lain
on
open
Hills
in
the
Snow
,
and
some
places
where
they
had
killed
and
eat
Guianacoes
and
Ostriches
;
they
make
but
small
Fires
with
little
sticks
;
I
do
not
find
they
roast
their
flesh
at
them
,
for
we
saw
some
raw
Flesh
hanging
to
the
Bones
,
which
they
had
gnawed
with
their
Teeth
:
their
Fires
are
only
to
warm
their
Children's
Fingers
,
as
we
imagine
:
I
gathered
some
handfuls
of
Guianacoes
Wool
that
lay
here
;
I
am
persuaded
these
People
must
needs
see
us
travelling
to
and
fro
every
day
,
but
won't
come
near
or
be
seen
by
us
:
they
live
like
wild
Beasts
,
or
rather
worse
,
for
sometimes
they
must
be
in
great
want
of
Food
;
here
's
neither
Fruit
,
Root
,
or
Herb
for
it
:
The
Land
is
a
dry
gravelly
Soil
,
with
Sand
,
and
in
many
places
a
Marle
two
foot
below
the
Surface
;
the
Grass
,
which
is
dry
,
grows
in
knots
,
not
very
long
but
thick
;
in
the
Valleys
the
Earth
is
of
a
Petery
or
nitrous
Nature
;
Ostriches
seen
;
no
sign
of
Metal
or
Mineral
;
I
and
my
Company
have
looked
in
most
places
where
we
travelled
for
it
:
to
Night
we
got
down
but
very
weary
.
Tuesday
June
7.
clse
dark
Weather
,
Wind
at
North-east
and
by
East
,
a
fair
gale
:
a
new
Moon
to
day
,
fine
Weather
to
Night
,
but
cold
;
the
Stars
near
the
Pole
Antartick
are
very
visible
;
some
of
the
small
Stars
in
the
Constellation
of
little
Hydra
are
near
the
Pole
;
Here
are
many
good
Stars
near
the
Pole
,
good
for
Observation
,
of
the
first
and
second
Magnitude
:
the
Star
at
the
South-end
of
Ariadne
,
the
Star
at
Hydra's
Head
;
the
Star
in
the
Peacock's
eye
,
and
the
Stars
in
Tucan's
bill
,
and
the
Stars
in
Tucan's
thigh
and
back
;
the
stars
in
Grus's
head
and
wing
and
body
;
but
the
brightest
Stars
are
the
Stars
in
the
former
foot
of
Centaurus
and
the
Crosiers
;
the
other
Stars
are
of
the
third
,
fourth
and
fifth
Magnitude
:
The
two
Clouds
are
seen
very
plainly
,
and
a
small
black
Cloud
,
which
the
foot
of
the
Cross
is
in
,
is
always
very
visible
when
the
Crosiers
are
above
the
Horizon
,
as
they
are
alway
here
in
these
Latitudes
.
The
Heavens
in
this
South
Hemisphere
are
as
the
Heavens
in
the
North
Hemisphere
;
but
no
Stars
within
eighteen
degrees
of
the
Pole
fit
for
Observation
;
no
Pole-star
,
as
the
Star
in
the
Tail
of
the
little
Bear
is
in
the
North
:
the
Air
cold
to
Night
,
but
very
healthy
for
stirring
Men
;
I
have
not
had
my
Finger
ached
as
yet
;
a
Man
hath
an
excellent
stomach
here
;
I
can
eat
Foxes
and
Kites
as
savourily
as
if
it
were
Mutton
;
every
Fox
and
Kite
as
we
kill
,
we
eat
,
which
is
ever
now
and
then
one
killed
.
Nothing
comes
amiss
to
our
stomachs
,
not
one
Man
complains
of
cold
in
his
Head
or
of
Coughs
.
Young
Men
well
grown
and
of
good
shape
are
most
fit
for
this
Country
,
it
being
a
dry
and
an
hungry
Air
,
and
Provisions
to
be
got
with
pains
.
The
Ostriches
are
nothing
so
big
as
the
Ostriches
in
Barbary
,
nor
of
the
Colour
nor
Feather
;
these
are
grey
on
the
Back
,
and
shaggy
Feathers
of
no
use
,
and
the
Feathers
on
their
Bellies
are
whire
;
they
have
long
Legs
and
small
Wings
;
they
cannot
fly
;
they
have
a
long
Neck
,
and
a
small
Head
,
and
beaked
near
like
a
Goose
;
they
are
much
like
a
great
Turky-cock
,
and
good
lean
dry
Meat
and
sweet
:
to
Night
I
came
aboard
;
it
blew
fresh
at
west
.
Wednesday
June
22.
Wind
at
West-north-west
,
a
stout
gale
.
This
day
I
went
ashore
on
the
East-side
,
saw
no
People
;
this
day
Mr.
John
Wood
went
ashore
on
the
West
side
,
and
three
Men
with
him
;
they
were
armed
;
they
travelled
into
the
Land
West
and
by
North
about
four
miles
;
where
they
saw
seven
People
of
the
Country
on
a
Hill
,
making
a
noise
and
wafting
them
to
the
Ship
:
Our
Men
went
up
the
rise
of
the
Hill
to
them
;
three
of
the
Indian
Men
came
to
Mr.
Wood
with
their
Bows
and
Arrows
in
their
Hands
,
and
a
loose
skin
about
their
Bodies
,
and
a
Furr-skin
about
their
Heads
,
and
pieces
of
skins
about
their
Feet
,
and
all
the
other
parts
of
their
bodies
naked
;
they
were
painted
red
and
white
on
their
Faces
;
they
would
not
come
so
near
as
to
let
our
Men
touch
them
,
but
slepped
back
as
you
moved
forward
;
they
continuing
their
noise
,
and
wafting
with
their
Hands
towards
the
Ship
,
and
and
kept
talking
,
but
no
Man
could
understand
them
:
they
repeated
Ozse
,
Ozse
,
very
often
;
they
have
an
harsh
Speech
and
speak
in
the
Throat
;
they
received
any
thing
that
you
cast
to
them
on
the
ground
.
Mr.
Wood
gave
them
a
Knife
,
and
a
Shas●●
,
and
a
Neckcloath
,
and
a
bottle
of
Brandy
:
they
would
not
drink
;
Mr.
Wood
could
not
perceive
any
Bracelets
they
had
,
or
any
thing
about
them
save
their
Skin
:
they
are
people
of
a
middle
stature
,
and
well-shaped
;
tawny
Olive-colour'd
,
black
Hair
,
not
very
long
:
they
seem
to
be
of
a
rude
behaviour
,
for
they
returned
nothing
for
what
they
received
,
nor
took
no
notice
of
any
thing
;
the
rest
of
their
Company
stayed
at
the
Hill
:
they
can
endure
much
cold
,
for
their
Legs
,
Buttocks
,
and
lower
parts
are
naked
.
Mr.
Wood
was
taller
than
any
of
them
,
and
he
judged
the
eldest
of
the
three
to
be
upwards
of
forty
years
old
,
the
other
thirty
.
They
seemed
to
be
very
fearful
;
they
took
their
own
time
,
and
went
away
into
the
Land
.
Mr.
Wood
returned
aboard
and
acquainted
me
with
what
he
had
seen
.
This
Night
we
saw
a
Fire
in
the
Hills
.
It
blew
hard
to
Night
at
West
.
They
have
small
Dogs
with
them
;
they
would
not
have
come
near
our
People
,
if
they
had
not
fallen
accidentally
in
the
Hills
and
Valleys
with
them
.
I
have
thought
that
they
have
heard
of
the
cruel
dealings
of
the
Spaniards
,
and
dare
not
trust
us
.
Saturday
July
2.
Wind
at
West
,
a
fine
gale
.
I
went
a-shore
on
the
East-side
;
we
killed
a
great
Guianacoe
with
the
Greyhound
.
I
looked
in
his
Paunch
for
the
Bezoar-stone
,
but
found
nothing
.
I
travelled
to
and
fro
but
saw
no
people
:
I
saw
where
People
had
made
earthen
Pots
,
and
had
glased
them
,
for
there
lay
some
of
their
stuff
run
together
:
at
Night
I
went
aboard
.
Sunday
July
3.
Wind
at
South
,
close
Weather
.
The
Guianacoe
weighed
,
cleaved
in
his
Quarters
,
two
hundred
and
fifty
pounds
neat
.
He
served
all
the
Company
for
a
days
Flesh
,
and
is
good
Meat
.
Tuesday
July
12.
Close
Weather
,
and
little
Wind
at
North
and
by
West
.
I
went
up
to
the
head
of
the
Harbour
,
but
saw
no
People
:
There
is
in
the
Fullers-Earth
Cliffs
at
the
head
of
the
Harbour
,
a
Vein
made
like
rotten
Ising-glass
;
I
took
some
out
,
but
cannot
find
it
good
for
any
thing
:
I
digged
in
the
Cliff
,
but
saw
nothing
to
be
taken
notice
of
.
I
saw
in
two
places
pieces
of
floor
Timbers
of
a
Ship
;
they
have
laid
a
long
time
rotting
.
We
saw
that
the
biggest
of
these
Bushes
here
,
have
been
cut
down
by
some
Christian
People
.
I
saw
wooden
Plates
,
and
a
piece
of
Cork
,
and
a
piece
of
an
old
Oar
:
some
Christian
Ship
had
been
here
formerly
.
I
lay
ashore
to
Night
.
Sunday
July
31.
Fair
Weather
,
Wind
at
South-west
,
a
stiff
gale
.
The
Weather
as
cold
as
it
is
in
England
in
the
height
of
Winter
,
and
the
Air
rather
sharper
and
dryer
;
I
have
now
twelve
Men
lame
with
the
cold
,
and
their
Legs
and
Thighs
are
turned
as
black
as
a
black
Hat
,
in
spots
,
the
cold
having
chilled
the
Blood
;
yet
they
use
bathing
and
stuping
those
places
,
and
all
that
they
can
to
prevent
it
,
but
it
rather
encreaseth
on
them
than
otherwise
:
These
are
such
people
as
I
could
not
make
stir
by
an
meyans
;
they
that
stir
are
as
well
as
any
Men
in
the
World
can
be
.
Tuesday
August
2.
Close
Weather
,
Wind
at
South-west
,
a
gale
and
cold
Air.
We
fall
on
fitting
of
our
Rigging
and
getting
the
Ship
fit
:
Here
are
hundreds
of
Guianacoes
in
companies
near
the
Water-side
:
my
Greyhound
is
lame
,
so
that
I
cannot
make
her
run
;
also
here
are
many
Ostriches
,
together
with
many
green
plovers
at
the
Watercr-side
,
and
some
Swans
,
but
not
full
so
large
as
ours
:
They
are
white
,
save
a
black
Head
,
and
half
the
Neck
and
Legs
black
:
Here
are
some
white
Geese
,
as
European
geese
;
the
brant-Geese
are
some
whith
,
some
black
and
grey
;
The
Mallards
and
Ducks
are
grey
;
and
the
Teals
are
grey
.
Tuesday
August
16.
Close
Weather
,
Wind
at
West
and
at
North-west
,
a
fine
gale
.
I
sent
the
Boat
for
Water
to
a
Swash
on
the
East-side
;
two
of
my
Men
saw
two
of
the
People
of
the
Country
on
the
East-side
behind
a
Bush
;
my
Men
went
toward
them
;
they
went
away
and
left
a
bundle
of
Skins
under
the
Bush
;
my
Men
made
signs
to
speak
with
them
,
but
they
would
not
stay
;
m●
Men
did
not
go
after
them
but
sat
down
,
the●
would
not
stay
;
they
were
but
of
a
middle
st●ture
:
my
Men
brought
the
Bundle
aboard
to
shew
it
to
me
,
and
two
mungrel
Dogs
,
which
were
coupled
together
.
I
opened
the
Bundle
and
it
was
several
bags
of
Skins
,
with
red
Earth
and
white
Earth
,
and
Soot
or
paint
in
a
Bag
:
this
is
the
Trade
they
paint
themselves
with
;
they
had
Flint-stones
and
Arrow-heads
in
the
Bundle
;
I
searched
the
Bundle
all
over
to
see
grains
of
Gold
,
but
could
not
find
any
:
There
were
Bracelets
of
Shells
,
and
bits
of
Sticks
,
and
braided
Thongs
,
and
Arrows
,
and
Muscle-shells
,
and
Armadillo-shells
,
and
a
small
point
of
a
Nail
in
a
stick
for
a
Bodkin
:
Their
Skins
were
pieces
of
Seal-skins
,
and
pieces
of
Guianaco-skins
,
sewed
together
with
small
Guts
;
all
very
old
and
full
of
holes
,
and
smelt
of
grease
;
There
were
pieces
of
Flints
made
fast
with
a
green
Gut
,
in
the
split
of
a
Stick
,
which
they
hold
fast
to
knock
their
Arrow-heads
into
shape
:
There
were
also
pieces
of
Sticks
to
get
Fire
with
.
This
was
all
that
was
in
the
Bundle
;
it
was
made
fast
with
Leather-thongs
,
braided
round
like
Whip-cord
,
and
the
Dogs
were
coupled
with
such
strings
:
The
Muscle-shells
are
their
Knives
.
I
put
all
things
up
in
the
Bag
,
and
made
it
fast
.
Their
Dogs
are
much
of
the
Race
of
Spanish
dogs
;
a
good
large
mungrel
Cur
,
but
very
tame
;
any
Man
might
handle
them
;
they
were
grey
in
colour
,
and
painted
red
in
spots
:
they
were
very
lean
;
there
were
two
grcat
Staves
of
four
foot
long
,
which
was
tough
Cane
in
short
joints
:
I
carried
them
a-shore
next
day
.
Tuesday
August
30.
Foggy
close
Weather
this
morning
,
Wind
at
North.
We
travelled
away
West
into
the
Land
ten
or
twenty
miles
farther
:
The
Land
all
dry
,
with
Grass
,
and
Bushes
in
some
places
like
Thorns
;
the
Hills
high
,
and
many
,
and
Snow
on
the
tops
;
no
Woods
,
nor
Trees
to
be
seen
;
Fresh-water
comes
running
out
of
the
Hills
in
fine
Rivulet
;
no
Fruit
;
many
sedgy
Bushes
grow
on
the
Brink
,
and
brave
green
Grass
,
and
a
green
Herb
of
a
pretty
strong
hot
taste
;
some
Teal
in
the
Water
,
and
Water-birds
;
this
is
all
I
saw
about
the
Rivulet
.
Many
large
Ponds
in
the
Country
,
but
salt
Water
in
those
Ponds
;
we
saw
Fowls
like
Herons
,
but
all
red
;
in
the
Valleys
we
saw
hundreds
of
Guianacoes
in
a
company
,
and
twenty
Ostriches
:
some
Heres
and
some
Partridges
,
greyer
and
bigger
than
ours
;
some
Snipes
and
small
Birds
;
several
Penne-wrens
:
we
saw
several
Kites
,
and
small
Hawks
,
and
Owls
;
we
caught
two
Armadilloes
;
I
saw
two
Foxes
and
a
wild
Dog
,
and
many
brant-Geese
:
the
Land
is
in
Hills
and
Valleys
as
far
as
we
could
see
,
and
bad
travelling
on
foot
;
the
Soil
is
gravelly
and
dry
sand
,
of
a
Salt-petre
nature
;
the
Grass
in
some
places
long
and
dry
,
and
in
some
places
short
and
dry
;
the
Hills
are
rounding
aloft
like
large
Downs
:
We
red
Earth
in
some
places
,
such
as
the
Indians
use
;
we
saw
the
Footsteps
of
people
in
many
places
in
the
Clay
,
and
places
where
they
had
been
,
and
had
killed
Guianacoes
,
and
made
a
fire
there
;
I
gathered
Guianacoes-Wooll
,
and
Ostriches
Feathers
were
scattered
about
the
place
,
and
Bones
:
there
lay
the
Skulls
of
three
People
,
no
flesh
on
them
;
they
were
very
clean
,
and
no
larger
than
the
Skulls
of
European
Men
;
smooth
and
even
Teeth
,
close
set
;
one
of
those
Skulls
was
broken
.
Whether
these
people
be
Man-eaters
or
not
I
cannot
tell
;
I
judge
they
have
Wars
one
with
another
,
by
reason
here
are
so
few
People
in
this
great
Land
,
and
food
enough
to
live
on
,
and
the
Land
all
clear
and
good
Pasturage
for
Cattle
,
and
no
Mountains
;
in
all
the
Land
there
are
Plains
and
grassy
Meadows
:
here
wants
only
Wood
to
build
with
;
it
that
were
here
,
it
would
be
as
good
a
Land
as
any
part
of
America
,
for
the
Counrry
is
very
healthy
.
This
Afternoon
it
rained
,
and
was
very
thick
and
foggy
,
so
as
we
could
not
tell
which
way
to
go
,
although
we
had
a
Compass
with
us
;
for
there
is
no
going
into
the
Land
without
one
,
because
a
Man
will
mistake
his
way
,
the
Country
is
so
open
in
great
Plains
and
Downs
:
We
were
very
much
wet
and
cold
;
We
got
to
Bushes
,
and
there
made
a
Fire
and
dried
our selves
:
we
stayed
here
all
Night
;
we
neither
heard
nor
saw
any
thing
to
Night
.
Tuesday
September
1.
1670.
Close
hasey
Weather
,
the
Wind
at
North
,
a
small
gale
,
so
as
I
could
not
Sail
this
day
;
we
tried
for
Fish
,
but
caught
none
,
the
Water
is
so
cold
,
I
was
on
the
Land
,
when
I
was
at
the
farthest
,
twenty
five
miles
West-north-west
from
the
Harbour-mouth
,
and
all
things
as
I
saw
I
have
mentioned
,
excepting
some
small
Creatures
like
Efts
,
which
run
in
the
Grass
;
no
manner
of
Snake
or
venomous
Creature
have
I
seen
in
this
Country
;
here
are
some
Earth-worms
,
and
Caterpillers
,
and
other
Buggs
,
but
few
in
number
:
no
wild
Beast
of
prey
,
or
any
other
thing
to
annoy
the
Inhabitants
,
but
Cold
and
Hunger
:
Here
lies
a
large
Country
,
open
to
receive
any
Inhabitants
from
forein
Parts
,
and
large
enough
to
satisfie
the
Undertakers
:
The
Land
would
produce
European
Grain
,
if
planted
here
,
and
breed
Cattle
.
September
16.
I
considering
my
Men
,
being
very
weak
,
thought
it
most
fit
to
go
for
Port
Desier
,
and
there
to
refresh
the
Men
,
for
I
knowing
there
I
could
have
what
Penguins
and
Seals
I
would
have
,
which
are
good
Provisions
;
also
I
do
intend
to
salt
up
a
quantity
of
each
,
to
carry
to
Sea
with
me
,
to
lengthen
out
my
Provisions
.
This
Forenoon
I
steered
from
St.
Julian
North-north-east
,
and
made
what
Sail
I
could
to
get
to
Pert
Desier
:
This
Night
it
was
a
small
gale
,
and
veered
to
the
West-south-west
;
I
judge
it
best
to
make
my
easie
Sail
in
the
Night
,
for
fear
of
running
up
with
the
Eady
Stone-Rocks
before
day-light
.
Wednesday
September
21.
Fair
Weather
to
day
,
the
Wind
veerable
round
the
Compass
.
This
Morning
I
had
both
the
Boats
leden
with
Seals
,
and
Penguins
and
Penguin-eggs
;
ten
Men
may
kill
ten
thousand
Penguins
in
less
than
an
hours
time
;
the
Seals
and
Penguins
are
numberless
:
a
Man
cannot
pass
on
the
Island
for
them
.
This
Evening
I
got
on
board
and
landed
our
lading
ashore
;
fair
Weather
to
Night
.
The
Eggs
are
very
good
Nourishment
,
and
the
Fat
serves
for
Oil
to
the
Lamps
.
Thursday
September
22.
Fair
Weather
,
Wind
at
West
.
This
day
I
divided
the
Eggs
amongst
the
Men
:
we
skinned
the
Seals
and
the
Penguins
,
and
salted
the
Flesh
in
bulk
on
the
Rock
,
and
covered
it
to
keep
the
Wind
from
it
:
good
Weather
and
little
Wind
to
Night
.
Friday
September
30.
The
Wind
at
North
this
Morning
;
this
forenoon
it
came
to
the
South-east
,
and
blew
hard
,
and
rained
.
This
day
I
went
up
the
River
about
ten
miles
,
and
Don
Carolus
with
me
,
and
ten
Men
to
see
for
People
:
we
lay
out
all
Night
on
the
South-side
,
but
saw
no
People
;
this
Night
the
people
of
the
Country
came
to
our
little
Well
,
which
is
up
in
the
Valley
,
and
stole
an
Iron
Pot
,
and
three
suits
of
Cloaths
of
the
Mens
,
that
were
laid
there
a
drying
,
with
some
other
Linnen
;
but
did
not
meddle
with
the
Beads
,
which
are
hung
up
on
a
Pole
on
the
Hills
,
and
they
will
not
come
near
it
nor
meddle
with
it
:
The
People
of
the
Country
have
made
in
a
Valley
,
the
form
of
the
Ship
in
Earth
and
Bushes
,
and
stuck
up
pieces
of
sticks
for
Masts
,
and
redded
the
Bushes
all
over
with
red
Earth
;
the
Model
I
imagine
is
to
record
our
Ship
,
for
they
cannot
have
any
Records
but
by
imitation
:
This
Fancy
we
let
alone
untouched
,
only
I
laid
a
string
or
two
of
Beads
on
it
and
came
away
:
close
Weather
to
Night
.
These
People
must
certainly
have
received
some
injury
in
former
times
,
from
some
People
that
have
been
here
in
Shipping
,
otherwise
they
would
come
in
sight
of
us
;
or
else
they
have
heard
of
the
cruel
dealings
of
the
Spaniards
toward
the
Indians
,
where
they
lived
near
:
I
have
used
all
endeavours
possibly
by
fair
means
to
have
Conference
with
them
,
but
all
is
in
vain
.
Tuesday
October
11.
The
Wind
at
West-south-west
,
a
stout
gale
;
very
cold
,
Hail
and
sleety
Snow
to
day
.
Our
Men
are
all
in
good
health
and
are
lusty
and
fat
,
those
wihch
had
the
Scurvy
are
got
very
well
with
eating
of
fresh
Meat
,
and
such
green
Herbs
as
they
can
get
on
the
shore
,
as
green
Pease-leaves
and
such
trade
;
they
mince
it
,
fry
it
with
Eggs
and
Seal-oil
;
and
it
hath
raised
every
Man
in
as
good
health
as
they
were
at
our
coming
out
of
England
:
We
fare
very
well
,
and
have
great
plenty
of
good
Provisions
:
Here
is
Provision
enough
of
Seals
and
Penguins
,
if
salt
be
plenty
,
to
lade
Ships
;
I
can
confidently
say
,
that
on
the
Island
of
Penguins
there
are
more
Seals
and
Penguins
at
this
present
,
than
three
hundred
Tuns
of
Cask
can
hold
,
when
dressed
and
salted
,
besides
what
are
going
off
and
coming
on
;
if
any
Men
should
have
occasion
for
provisions
of
Flesh
,
If
they
have
Salt
,
here
they
may
furnish
themselves
with
what
quantity
shall
seem
fit
for
them
,
and
I
can
assure
them
it
will
last
four
Months
sweet
,
if
not
longer
,
if
care
be
taken
in
bleeding
,
and
dressing
,
and
salting
,
as
I
have
prescribed
before
;
the
Salt
may
also
be
had
at
Saint
Julian's
Salt-pond
in
Summer-time
;
also
I
believe
that
Salt
may
be
made
at
Port
Desier
in
the
Summer-time
,
for
here
is
some
dried
Salt
on
the
holes
of
the
Rocks
:
Here
are
several
Flats
,
where
Men
may
make
Pits
and
let
in
Salt-water
,
and
so
make
Salt
,
as
I
have
seen
in
other
places
.
The
Penguin
is
a
Fowl
that
lives
by
catching
and
eating
of
Fish
,
which
he
dives
for
,
and
is
very
nimble
in
the
Water
;
he
is
as
big
as
a
brant-goose
,
and
weighs
near
about
eight
pounds
;
they
have
no
Wings
,
but
flat
stumps
like
Fins
:
their
Coat
is
a
downy
stumped
Feather
;
they
are
blackish
,
grey
on
the
Backs
and
Heads
,
and
white
about
their
Necks
and
down
their
Bellies
:
they
are
short
legged
like
a
Goose
,
and
stand
upright
like
little
Children
in
white
Aprons
,
in
companies
together
;
they
are
full-necked
,
and
headed
and
beaked
like
a
Crow
,
only
the
point
of
their
Bill
turns
down
a
little
:
they
will
bite
hard
,
but
they
are
very
tame
,
and
will
drive
in
herds
to
your
Boats-side
like
Sheep
,
and
there
you
may
knock
them
on
the
head
,
all
one
after
another
,
they
will
not
make
any
great
hast
away
;
Here
are
a
great
many
Sea-Pies
,
and
Ducks
,
and
Ox-Birds
,
and
Sea-Mews
,
and
Gulls
,
and
white
Sea-Pigeons
,
and
white-breasted
Divers
,
and
Dobchicks
.
October
13.
I
weighed
,
and
sailed
out
of
Port
Desier
standing
Southward
.
Octob.
16.
I
was
in
Lat.
49
d.
8
m.
South
.
Octob.
19.
I
passed
by
the
Cape
,
called
Beachy-Head
by
our
Men
,
and
the
Hill
of
St.
Ives
,
Lat
50
d.
10
m.
The
Compass
has
variation
16
d.
37
m.
Easterly
.
The
Land
here
makes
in
a
Bay
,
where
the
River
of
St.
Cruce
goes
in
.
Octob.
21.
We
passed
by
Cape
Fair-weather
in
51
d.
30
m.
South-Lat
.
Here
goes
on
the
River
of
Gallegoes
.
Octob.
22.
We
came
to
Cape
Virgin-Mary
,
at
the
entrance
of
the
Streight
of
Magellan
.
Cape
Virgin-Mary
,
at
the
North-entrance
,
lies
in
the
Latitude
of
52
d.
26
m.
And
in
Longitude
,
from
the
Lizard
in
England
,
West
,
65
d.
42
m.
Meridian
distance
form
the
Lizard
in
Leagues
,
West
1062.
Leagues
.
Variation
of
the
Compass
here
I
find
to
be
Easterly
,
17
Degrees
.
Here
is
Anchoring
all
about
this
Part
of
the
Streights
,
in
the
fair
way
from
Cape
Virgin-Mary
,
till
you
come
into
the
Narrow
.
I
did
not
find
much
Tide
any
where
hereabout
,
but
in
the
Narrow
,
and
there
the
Tide
runs
stronger
than
it
does
in
the
Hope
a
good
matter
;
the
floud
Tide
sets
into
the
Streights
,
and
the
Ebb
sets
out
;
it
keepeth
its
course
,
as
on
other
Coasts
:
it
is
six
hours
Floud
and
two
hours
Ebb
;
it
riseth
and
falls
near
four
Fathom
perpendicular
;
it
is
an
high
Water
here
,
on
the
change
day
of
the
Moon
at
eleven
of
the
Clock
,
as
far
as
I
could
perceive
.
Many
beds
of
Rock-weed
are
driving
to
and
fro
here
.
This
day
at
two
of
the
Clock
I
was
a-breast
of
Point
Possession
;
I
steered
from
thence
West-north-west
about
two
Leagues
,
and
then
West
and
West-south-west
:
and
South-west
and
by
South
,
rounding
by
the
North-shore
:
As
I
shoaled
my
soundings
I
had
22
,
and
18
,
and
16
,
and
12
,
and
9
Fathoms
,
sandy
,
and
sometimes
gravelly
Ground
and
pebble
Stones
;
I
sailed
,
rounding
the
shore
being
unacquainted
,
and
could
not
tell
certainly
where
the
Narrow
lay
,
for
it
was
shut
in
one
Land
with
the
other
,
so
as
I
could
not
see
the
opening
:
I
was
open
of
the
Narrow
at
five
a
Clock
,
having
a
fine
gale
at
North-north-east
.
I
steered
in
South-west
and
by
South
into
the
chops
of
it
,
but
could
not
get
past
a
League
into
it
;
the
Tide
being
bent
out
and
run
so
strong
as
I
could
not
stem
it
▪
I
was
in
danger
of
running
the
Ship
against
steep
Rocks
,
which
lie
in
the
North-side
,
the
taking
a
shear
with
the
Tide
,
and
the
Wind
was
a
fresh
gale
at
North-north-east
.
There
grew
long
Rock-weed
on
the
Rocks
;
I
went
and
sounded
over
them
,
and
had
five
foot
Water
on
them
,
and
fourteen
Fathom
by
the
side
of
them
,
next
the
Channel
:
they
come
trenting
from
the
point
of
the
Narrow
of
the
North-side
,
a
mile
off
.
At
six
of
the
Clock
the
Wind
came
to
the
North
;
at
eight
of
the
Clock
it
came
to
the
North-west
;
it
fell
very
dark
and
rained
much
;
I
was
forced
to
fall
back
again
out
of
the
Narrow
as
well
as
I
could
;
the
shore
I
could
not
see
,
it
was
so
dark
;
it
fell
,
a
flat
Calm
,
I
finding
twenty
five
Fathom
Water
,
pebble
Stones
and
oary
;
I
anchored
and
rode
all
Night
;
little
Wind
at
South-west
,
and
dark
.
It
is
eight
Leagues
from
the
first
Narrow
to
the
second
,
and
something
better
;
the
Course
from
one
to
the
other
is
West
and
by
South
,
and
East
and
by
North.
This
Reach
from
the
first
Narrow
to
the
second
is
seven
Leagues
broad
,
from
the
North-shore
to
the
South-shore
;
it
shews
like
a
little
Sea
when
one
comes
into
it
,
for
we
could
not
see
to
the
second
Narrow
,
till
I
had
sailed
therein
three
Leagues
or
more
.
At
the
point
of
the
second
Narrow
,
on
the
North-shore
;
up
to
the
North-east-ward
a
mile
or
two
,
there
is
a
Bay
on
the
North-shore
,
and
a
white
Cliff
of
an
ordinary
height
,
which
is
called
Cape
St.
Gregory
:
In
this
Bay
you
may
ride
in
eight
Fathom
Water
,
fine
clean
sandy
Ground
,
and
a
good
half
mile
off
the
shore
;
This
is
a
good
Road
,
if
the
Wind
be
between
the
North-east
and
the
South-west
to
the
Westward
;
the
Winds
are
given
most
to
blow
on
the
Western-quarter
.
As
I
sailed
thorow
the
second
Narrow
,
I
sounded
in
the
fair
way
,
and
had
twenty
eight
,
and
thirty
Fathom
small
stones
;
The
North-shore
on
this
Narrow
makes
in
a
Bay
at
the
East-point
,
and
is
white
Cliffs
all
the
way
through
:
This
Narrow
lies
throughout
West-south-west
,
and
East-north-east
,
and
at
the
West-end
of
the
Narrow
the
Land
is
steep
up
,
in
white
Cliffs
,
and
the
South
part
rounds
away
in
a
rore-land
:
The
South-shore
rounds
away
South-east
from
this
Fore-land
,
and
then
it
trents
away
to
the
Southward
in
low
Land
:
The
North-shore
of
this
Narrow
or
Streight
,
rounds
up
to
the
Northward
in
white
Cliffs
,
and
falls
into
shores
;
there
goes
in
a
Harbour
which
hath
four
Fathom
in
the
Channel
,
at
High-water
;
it
is
a
flat
round
Harbour
within
,
and
oary
;
I
called
this
Oaz-harbour
:
When
you
are
at
the
West-part
of
this
Narrow
,
you
will
see
three
Islands
come
open
,
which
shew
to
be
steep
up
Cliffs
:
they
lie
Triangle-wise
one
of
another
;
they
are
four
Leagues
distant
from
the
Narrow
,
West-south-west
;
The
smallest
and
Eastermost
Isle
is
called
St.
Bartholomews
,
the
biggest
and
Wester-most
is
called
Elizabeth
;
the
middle-most
and
souther-most
is
called
S.
George's
,
and
by
some
Penguins-Isle
,
and
indeed
there
are
many
Penguins
on
it
.
This
Evening
I
got
up
to
Elizabeth's
,
and
anchored
in
eight
Fathoms
and
an
half
sine
black
Sand
,
two
miles
off
the
Island
.
The
East-point
bears
South
and
by
East
of
me
:
fair
Weather
all
Night
,
the
Wind
at
South
and
by
West
.
This
Morning
I
went
ashore
on
Elizabeth-Island
,
and
at
my
landing
nineteen
of
the
Countrey-people
came
off
the
Hills
to
me
:
I
had
Conference
with
them
,
and
exchanged
Knives
and
Beads
for
such
things
as
they
had
:
which
were
Bows
and
Arrows
,
and
their
Skin-Coats
,
which
are
made
of
young
Guianacoes
skins
;
I
gave
them
a
Hatchet
and
Knives
,
and
Beads
and
Toys
,
Trumps
,
&c.
they
seem'd
to
be
very
well-pleased
;
I
shewed
them
Gold
,
which
they
would
have
had
;
I
made
them
signs
,
that
if
they
had
any
,
I
would
give
them
Knives
and
Beads
,
&c.
for
it
,
or
If
any
where
in
the
Land
:
I
laid
Gold
and
bright
Copper
into
the
Ground
,
and
made
as
if
I
found
it
there
,
and
looked
to
and
fro
on
the
Earth
as
if
I
looked
for
such
things
;
they
looked
one
on
another
and
spake
to
each
other
some
words
,
but
I
could
not
perceive
that
they
understood
me
,
or
what
I
meant
;
nor
that
they
knew
Gold
,
or
any
other
Metal
:
they
would
gladly
have
had
every
thing
they
saw
;
they
tried
to
break
the
Boats
Iron-grapenel
with
stones
,
and
would
have
carried
it
away
;
I
let
them
alone
,
and
observed
their
actions
and
behaviour
,
which
was
very
brutish
:
they
catched
at
every
thing
they
could
reach
,
although
I
caused
them
to
sit
down
,
and
I
put
strings
of
Beads
about
their
Necks
;
still
they
desired
more
:
My
Lieu●enant
Peckett
danced
with
them
hand
in
hand
,
and
several
of
my
Men
did
dance
with
them
,
and
made
all
the
shew
of
Friendship
as
was
possible
;
My
Lieutenant
changed
his
Coat
for
one
of
theirs
,
sor
they
desired
it
because
it
was
red
,
which
co●our
they
much
esteem
:
I
was
in
great
hopes
I
might
find
Gold
among
them
;
I
gave
them
all
the
courteous
respect
I
could
:
After
two
hours
Conference
with
them
,
I
made
signs
I
would
go
and
get
more
things
and
come
again
to
them
;
They
went
,
and
would
have
us
to
Land
again
under
a
Cliff
,
which
I
judge
was
their
Design
,
to
heave
stones
into
the
Boat
to
sink
her
,
for
the
place
was
very
convenient
for
such
a
purpose
:
They
set
themselves
down
on
the
Grass
,
and
immediately
set
fire
on
the
Grass
on
the
side
of
the
Bank
:
by
what
means
they
got
Fire
so
suddenly
I
could
not
understand
.
I
went
and
sounded
the
Channel
between
Elizabeth-Island
,
and
St.
Bartholomew's-Island
,
and
found
it
a
fair
Channel
to
Sail
through
,
of
a
mile
broad
nearest
and
deep
Water
:
in
the
middle
thirty
eight
Fathom
,
and
nine
and
ten
Fathom
near
the
Shore-side
,
gravelly
Sand.
These
People
are
of
a
middle
stature
,
both
Men
and
Women
,
and
well-limbed
,
and
roundish
Faced
,
and
well
shaped
,
and
low
Fore-headed
;
their
Noses
of
a
mean
size
,
their
Eyes
of
the
mean
and
black
;
they
are
smooth
and
even
toothed
and
close
set
and
very
white
;
small
Ears
:
their
Hair
is
smooth
flag
Hair
,
and
very
black
and
harsh
on
the
fore-part
,
even
and
round
;
and
the
Locks
of
a
mean
length
,
both
Men
and
Women
alike
;
they
are
full
Breasted
,
they
are
tawny
Olive-coloured
,
and
redded
all
over
their
Bodies
with
red
Earth
and
Grease
;
their
Faces
dawbed
in
spots
down
their
Cheeks
with
white
Clay
,
and
some
black
streaks
with
smut
,
in
no
Method
;
their
Arms
and
Feet
the
like
:
they
have
small
Heads
and
short
Fingers
:
they
are
active
in
Body
,
and
nimble
in
going
and
running
;
their
Cloathing
is
pieces
of
Skins
of
Seals
,
and
Guianacoes
,
and
Otters
skins
sewed
together
,
and
sewed
soft
;
their
Garment
is
in
form
of
a
Carpet
,
of
about
five
feet
square
,
or
according
to
the
largeness
of
the
Person
;
this
they
wrap
about
their
Bodies
,
as
a
Scottish
Man
doth
his
Plading
:
they
have
a
Cap
of
the
Skins
of
Fowls
,
with
the
Feathers
on
;
they
have
about
their
Feet
pieces
of
Skins
tied
to
keep
their
Feet
from
the
Ground
:
they
are
very
hardy
People
to
endure
cold
;
for
they
seldom
wear
this
loose
Skin
when
they
are
stirring
,
but
are
all
naked
of
Body
from
Head
to
Feet
,
and
do
not
shrink
for
the
Weather
;
for
it
was
very
cold
when
I
saw
them
,
and
the
Hills
all
cover'd
with
Snow
:
they
have
no
Hair
on
their
Bodies
nor
Faces
,
nor
any
thing
to
cover
their
privy
Parts
,
excepting
some
of
the
Women
,
which
had
a
Skin
before
them
;
otherwise
the
Men
and
Women
are
cloathed
alike
;
only
the
Men
have
Caps
and
the
Women
none
:
The
Women
wear
Bracelets
of
Shells
about
their
Necks
,
the
Men
none
;
the
Men
are
somewhat
larger
than
the
Women
in
Stature
,
and
more
fuller
Fac'd
;
the
Men
have
a
harsh
Language
,
and
speak
ratling
in
the
Throat
,
and
gross
;
the
Women
shiller
and
lower
;
they
pronounce
the
word
Ursah
,
but
what
it
means
I
could
not
understand
▪
nor
one
word
they
spake
;
if
they
did
not
like
any
thing
,
they
would
cry
Ur
,
Ur
,
ratling
in
their
Throats
:
their
Food
is
what
they
can
get
,
either
Fis
:
or
Flesh
:
they
are
under
no
Government
,
but
every
Man
doth
as
he
thinks
fit
;
for
they
had
no
respect
to
any
one
,
nor
under
any
Obedience
of
any
in
this
Company
;
neither
did
they
make
any
shew
of
Worshipping
any
thing
,
either
Sun
or
Moon
,
but
came
directly
to
us
at
our
first
going
on
Land
,
making
a
noise
and
every
Man
his
Bow
ready
strung
,
and
two
Arrows
a
Man
in
their
Hands
:
their
Bows
are
about
an
Ell
long
,
and
their
Arrows
are
near
eighteen
Inches
long
,
and
neatly
made
of
Wood
,
and
headed
with
Flint-stones
,
neatly
made
broad-Arrow-fashion
,
well
fastned
to
the
Arrow
;
and
the
other
end
is
feathered
with
two
Feathers
,
and
tied
on
with
the
Gut
of
some
Beast
,
when
it
is
green
and
moist
;
the
Bow-string
is
some
twisted
Gut
.
These
People
have
very
large
mungrel
Dogs
,
much
like
the
race
of
Spanish
Dogs
,
and
are
of
several
colours
;
I
did
not
see
any
other
domestick
Creature
they
have
,
neither
could
I
at
this
time
see
their
Boats
;
for
they
lay
at
the
other
end
of
the
Island
,
next
the
Main
;
they
waited
on
this
Island
for
an
opportunity
of
fair
Weather
,
to
go
to
the
other
Islands
for
Penguins
,
there
being
great
numbers
of
those
Birds
on
the
southermost
of
the
three
Islands
,
and
many
other
white-breasted
Divers
.
October
30.
To
Night
I
anchored
in
a
small
Bay
in
eleven
fathom
Water
,
gravelly
Ground
,
half
a
mile
off
the
Shore
;
no
Tide
runs
here
as
to
thwart
up
a
Ship
;
the
Water
riseth
and
falls
perpendicular
ten
Feet
.
This
Bay
hath
two
Rivulets
of
fresh
Water
in
it
,
and
good
Timber-trees
of
eighteen
Inches
through
,
and
near
forty
Feet
long
:
the
Wood
is
much
lik
a
Beech
;
here
are
wild
Currant-trees
,
and
many
such
like
Bushes
:
the
Woods
are
very
thick
and
green
,
and
much
old
Wood
lies
on
the
Ground
,
so
as
there
is
no
travelling
into
the
Woods
.
I
was
a-shore
looking
to
and
fro
here
three
hours
:
I
called
this
Fresh-water
Bay
;
this
is
near
nine
Leagues
to
the
Southward
of
Sweepstakes
Bay
;
Sand-point
is
a
mean
low
Point
,
lies
out
more
than
the
other
Points
of
the
Shore
,
and
few
Trees
grow
on
it
.
It
is
six
Leagues
from
Fresh-water
Bay
,
to
Port
Famen
South
and
North
from
the
one
to
the
point
of
the
other
:
that
nearest
Port
Famen
cannot
be
seen
,
as
you
come
from
the
Northward
,
till
you
come
to
bring
the
Point
S.
Anne
up
on
the
Northwest
of
you
,
for
the
Bay
lies
up
in
a
little
hook
North-west
,
and
the
Land
on
the
West-side
of
the
Bay
is
low
in
a
Point
,
and
sandy
,
and
some
Grass
grows
on
it
,
and
much
drift-Wood
lies
on
it
like
a
Carpenters-yard
:
a
little
within
Land
from
the
Water-side
grow
brave
green
Woods
,
and
up
in
the
Valleys
,
large
Timber-trees
,
two
foot
throughout
and
some
upwards
of
40
Feet
long
:
much
like
our
Beech-timber
in
England
;
the
Leaves
of
the
Trees
are
like
green
Birch-tree
leaves
,
curiously
sweet
;
the
Wood
shews
in
many
places
as
if
there
were
Plantations
;
for
there
are
several
clear
places
in
the
Woods
,
and
Grass
growing
like
fenc'd
Fields
in
England
;
the
Woods
being
so
even
by
the
sides
of
it
,
and
on
Point
Saint
Anne
as
you
come
sailing
from
the
Northward
,
you
will
see
good
Bushes
and
tall
Trees
grow
on
the
very
point
of
it
:
This
Point
is
rocky
on
the
Shore-side
,
but
no
danger
lies
or
it
;
you
may
be
bold
on
it
to
get
into
Port
Famen
Bay
.
Here
is
good
Wooding
,
and
Watering
,
and
good
catching
of
Fish
with
the
Seyne
or
Net
:
I
haled
above
five
hundred
large
Fishes
a-shore
at
one
hale
,
much
like
to
a
Mullet
,
all
scaly
Fishes
,
here
are
many
large
Smelts
or
twenty
Inches
long
,
and
many
Anchovies
,
and
some
small
made
Scates
:
Here
is
great
plenty
of
Fish
,
so
much
as
we
feed
wholly
on
it
,
and
salt
up
much
of
the
Mullets
and
Anchovies
.
Here
grow
many
Trees
of
good
large
Timber
,
forty
Inches
through
:
the
Leaves
are
green
and
large
,
much
like
Bay-tree
Leaves
in
England
;
the
rind
is
grey
on
the
out-side
and
pretty
thick
rined
;
this
Rind
or
Bark
of
these
Trees
,
if
you
chew
it
in
your
Mouth
,
is
hotter
than
Pepper
and
more
quicker
;
it
is
of
a
spicy
smell
when
it
is
dry
;
I
cut
of
the
Bark
and
made
use
of
it
in
my
Pease
,
and
other
Provisions
instead
of
Spice
,
and
found
it
very
wholesom
and
good
:
wee
steeped
it
in
our
Water
,
and
drank
it
,
and
it
gave
the
Water
a
pretty
flavor
.
There
grow
of
these
Trees
in
the
Woods
,
in
many
places
in
the
Streight
on
both
Shores
,
and
on
the
Coasts
on
both
sides
of
Patagonia
,
before
your
enter
them
.
This
may
be
the
Winter-bark
of
the
Shops
,
which
has
an
Aromatick
pepper-like
or
spicy
tast
.
Port
Famen
lies
in
the
Lat.
of
53
d.
35
m.
South
;
and
in
Longitude
West
,
from
the
Lizard
,
68
d.
9
m.
and
Meridian
distance
1092.
Leagues
West
,
as
my
Account
is
in
my
Sailing
:
this
Voyage
,
I
give
no
credit
to
the
plain
Sailing
:
therefore
this
Meridian
distance
signifies
very
little
as
to
Navigation
.
I
travelled
in
many
places
,
but
could
not
see
any
Fruit-trees
,
or
Oak
,
or
Ash
,
or
Hasel
,
or
any
Timber
like
ours
in
England
:
Here
are
but
two
sorts
or
Timber
in
all
these
Woods
,
and
one
is
the
Pepper-rind
Tree
,
which
is
indifferent
Wood
,
and
the
other
is
the
Timber
much
like
Beech
:
Here
are
the
best
and
biggest
Trees
in
all
the
Streights
;
here
are
Trees
of
two
foot
and
an
half
through
,
and
between
thirty
and
forty
feet
long
;
there
may
be
great
Planks
cut
out
of
them
.
I
could
not
see
any
grains
of
Metal
of
Mineral
in
any
place
,
and
I
looked
very
carefully
in
Gullies
,
and
places
where
Water
had
guttered
.
Here
are
some
Herbs
to
be
plucked
up
,
as
we
boiled
for
Salleting
,
and
green
Grass
with
it
,
which
relished
pretty
well
.
The
Land
in
the
Woods
is
dry
,
and
of
a
gravelly
and
sandy
Soil
,
and
some
places
good
brown
Earth
;
it
is
bad
travelling
in
the
Woods
for
old
Trees
and
Under-woods
:
the
Woods
trent
all
up
on
the
sides
of
the
Hills
;
the
Land
all
about
on
the
North-west
and
West
of
Port
Famen
,
trents
up
to
very
high
Hills
,
and
the
In-land
is
very
high
Hills
;
for
we
can
see
the
tops
of
them
all
barren
and
ragged
,
peeping
over
those
Mountains
next
to
the
Shore-side
;
much
Snow
lies
continually
on
them
:
the
Land
on
the
South-shore
is
very
high
and
peaked
.
I
saw
many
Ducks
and
brant-Geese
on
the
Shore-sides
,
and
in
the
fresh
Waters
,
together
with
some
Whales
spouting
in
the
main
Channel
.
I
do
verily
believe
that
in
these
Mountains
,
there
is
some
Metal
either
Gold
or
Copper
,
for
the
Man
that
went
aboard
pointed
up
to
the
Mountains
,
and
spake
to
me
when
I
shewed
him
my
Ring
.
These
People
eat
up
the
Provision
which
was
carried
to
them
,
and
greased
themselves
all
over
with
the
Oil
,
and
greased
their
Skin-Coats
with
it
:
I
made
signs
to
them
to
go
and
get
some
Gold
and
bring
it
to
me
:
some
of
them
went
away
to
their
Boats
,
the
rest
sat
still
on
the
Grass
,
talking
one
to
another
,
and
pointing
to
the
Ship
.
Their
Language
is
much
in
the
Throat
,
and
not
very
fluent
,
but
uttered
with
good
deliberation
:
I
could
not
perceive
but
only
the
younger
were
obedient
to
the
elder
,
and
the
Women
were
in
obedience
to
the
Men
;
for
I
took
the
Mens
Coats
and
put
about
the
Women
,
but
the
Men
would
not
suffer
them
to
keep
the
Coats
long
,
and
themselves
to
be
naked
,
but
took
the
Coats
from
the
Women
,
and
put
them
about
themselves
:
I
proffer'd
them
to
exchange
one
of
my
Lads
for
one
of
theirs
,
and
they
laughed
;
but
the
Indian
Lad
would
not
go
with
me
,
but
hung
back
:
I
gave
to
the
Men
Knives
and
Fish-hooks
,
and
to
the
Lads
Jews-trumps
and
Pipes
,
and
to
the
Women
Looking-glasses
and
Beads
.
I
did
this
to
gain
their
loves
,
and
in
hopes
to
have
Trading
with
them
for
the
future
;
they
refus'd
Brandy
.
Cape
Froward
is
the
southermost
Land
of
the
great
Continent
of
America
,
and
it
is
very
high
Land
on
the
back-side
of
it
;
the
Face
is
steep
up
,
of
a
Cliff
of
Rocks
,
and
it
is
blackish
grey
,
of
a
good
height
,
and
deep
Water
very
near
it
.
I
sounded
with
my
Boat
close
to
it
,
and
had
forty
Fathom
:
A
Man
may
lay
a
Ship
close
to
the
face
of
the
Cape
,
for
there
is
Water
enough
:
there
is
no
Ground
in
the
Channel
at
two
hundred
Fathoms
,
and
but
little
Tide
,
or
any
ripling
as
I
saw
,
but
a
fair
Channel
to
sail
throughout
;
of
three
Leagues
broad
from
the
North-shore
to
the
South-shore
.
It
is
best
for
a
Ship
to
keep
nearer
the
North-shore
than
the
South-shore
;
for
the
Winds
are
more
generally
of
the
Western
Quarter
.
Cape
Froward
,
in
Magellan
Streights
,
lies
in
the
Latitude
of
53
d.
52
m.
South
And
in
Longitude
West
,
from
the
Lizard
,
in
England
68
d.
40
m.
West
.
And
in
Meridian
distance
in
Leagues
1099.
and
two
Miles
West
.
The
Compass
hath
sixteen
degrees
of
Variation
Easterly
at
Cape
Froward
.
As
to
the
Firlining
Points
I
cannot
say
any
thing
;
I
wanted
a
Needle
.
November
4.
1670.
I
was
in
Wood's
Bay
,
called
so
by
my
Mate's
Name
.
November
5.
I
was
abrest
of
Cape-Holland
;
near
which
lies
Cape
Coventry
and
Andrew's
Bay
,
also
Cordes
and
Fostcues
Bay
,
Cape
and
Port
Gallant
:
but
for
a
more
exact
Situation
of
the
several
Promontories
,
Bays
,
Ports
,
Rivulets
,
Soundings
,
&c.
I
refer
the
Reader
to
the
large
Draught
of
the
Magellan
Streights
,
drawn
by
my
own
Hand
on
the
place
.
A-brest
of
the
Bay
,
two
Leagues
off
,
is
the
Island
which
I
called
Charles-Island
and
Monmouth-Island
;
more
to
the
West-ward
is
James-Island
,
and
Ruperts-Island
,
and
the
Lord
Arlingtons-Island
,
and
the
Earl
of
Sandwich's-Island
,
,
and
Secretary
Wren's
Island
:
this
Reach
I
called
English
Reach
;
a
League
more
to
the
West-ward
of
Fostcues
Bay
is
Cape-Gallant
.
The
Streight
shews
now
as
if
there
were
no
farther
passage
to
the
Westward
;
for
the
South
Land
rounds
up
so
much
to
the
North-Westward
,
that
it
shuts
against
the
North-Land
to
a
Man's
sight
.
At
this
distance
I
saw
two
large
openings
into
the
South-Land
,
one
opposite
to
Charles-Island
,
the
other
more
to
the
Westward
,
up
of
the
round
South
Bite
;
there
I
saw
many
Whales
spouting
,
that
place
I
called
Whales-Bay
;
I
saw
several
Brant-geese
and
Ducks
here
:
I
left
in
the
Indians
Houses
Beads
and
Knives
,
in
hopes
of
further
Commerce
:
I
saw
on
the
South-side
,
a
Fire
made
in
the
Grass
by
the
Natives
.
From
the
pitch
of
Cape-Froward
,
to
the
pitch
of
Cape-Holland
,
the
Streight
lies
in
the
Channel
West
and
by
North
,
nearest
,
and
is
distant
full
five
Leagues
;
and
from
the
pitch
of
Cape-Holland
,
to
the
pitch
of
Cape-Gallant
,
the
Streight
lies
in
the
Channel
,
West
and
by
North
,
a
little
Northerly
,
and
is
distant
eight
Leagues
:
From
the
pitch
of
Cape-Gallant
,
to
a
low
Point
three
Leagues
to
the
Westward
,
the
Streight
lies
in
the
Channel
Northwest
and
by
West
,
a
little
Northerly
:
This
Reach
is
not
more
than
two
miles
broad
,
from
the
North-shore
to
the
Islands
,
which
I
called
The
Royal
Isles
:
when
I
was
a-brest
of
the
Westermost
Island
,
which
I
called
Rupert's-Island
,
I
being
on
the
middle
of
the
Channel
with
the
Ship
,
shot
off
one
of
my
Sakers
with
a
shot
,
and
the
shot
lodged
close
to
the
Islands
side
.
This
low
Point
,
a
brest
of
Rupert's-Island
,
on
the
North
shore
,
I
called
Point-Passage
.
This
Evening
at
six
of
the
Clock
,
I
was
shot
past
Point-Passage
,
half
a
mile
to
the
Westward
of
it
;
having
a
fine
Easterly
gale
.
Monday
Noveomber
7.
Cloudy
gusts
,
foggy
Weather
,
the
Wind
at
West
,
and
sometimes
at
North-west
:
I
rode
fast
all
day
close
aboard
the
shore
.
This
Afternoon
I
went
in
my
Boat
over
to
the
South-side
,
opposite
to
Elizabeth's-Bay
,
at
the
Point
called
Whale-point
,
for
the
many
Whales
spouting
thereby
.
I
travelled
up
the
Hills
two
miles
,
but
could
not
see
any
Gold
or
Metal
;
the
Land
very
irregular
and
Rocky
,
with
mossy
kind
of
Grass
growing
on
it
,
and
very
boggy
and
rotten
;
for
I
thrust
down
a
Lance
of
sixteen
feet
long
,
into
the
Ground
with
one
hand
very
easily
:
Here
grow
many
Juniper
Trees
,
some
of
a
foot
throughout
,
the
Wood
not
very
sweet
:
Here
I
saw
many
brant-Geese
and
Ducks
,
much
Snow
on
the
inland
Mountains
,
so
as
I
could
not
travel
any
farther
:
I
returned
down
to
the
Boat
again
;
I
saw
where
the
Natives
had
been
by
the
evening
of
the
Grass
,
but
I
could
not
have
a
sight
of
any
.
Here
are
many
good
Muscles
on
the
Rocks
of
five
Inches
long
,
and
good
Fish
in
them
,
and
many
seed
Pearls
in
every
Muscle
:
Here
are
also
large
Limpets
and
Sea-eggs
among
the
Rocks
.
All
the
Ripling
is
not
worth
the
taking
notice
of
,
for
it
is
but
an
hours
time
on
both
Tides
Ebb
and
Floud
,
when
the
Tide
runs
strong
;
neither
are
the
Tides
any
thing
prejudicial
to
the
Navigation
of
the
Streight
,
but
rather
advantagious
to
help
to
turn
from
Road
to
Road
either
way
:
For
I
have
had
a
benefit
of
them
in
plying
from
place
to
place
.
The
Weather
indifferent
this
Afternoon
;
I
went
a-shore
after
I
had
done
Sounding
but
saw
no
People
nor
any
Metal
;
the
Woods
very
thick
,
and
several
Trees
of
the
hot
Bark
,
the
other
Trees
much
like
Beech-timber
:
some
Ducks
and
brant-Geese
seen
on
the
Shore-side
.
The
Streight
in
this
Reach
between
Elizabeth's
Bay
and
St.
Jerom's
River
is
about
two
Leagues
,
broad
and
high
Land
on
the
South-side
;
which
hath
several
brave
Coves
on
it
like
the
Wet-dock
at
Deptford
,
and
safe
to
lay
Ships
in
them
from
either
much
Wind
or
any
Sea
.
This
Bay
I
called
Muscle-Bay
,
for
in
it
there
are
many
and
great
plenty
of
good
Muscles
.
The
Shore-sides
are
rocky
,
steep
too
in
most
places
;
no
Ground
in
the
main
Channel
;
at
an
hundred
Fathom
;
also
in
the
Bays
on
the
South-side
it
is
deep
Water
,
and
small
Islands
lie
in
the
Bays
,
and
close
along
the
South-shore
lie
small
Islands
.
Here
are
many
Whales
,
and
I
saw
many
Penguins
,
and
some
Seals
:
The
Shores
are
woody
on
both
sides
,
but
ragged
Timber
and
boggy
Ground
;
the
tops
of
the
Hills
bare
Rocks
and
irregular
:
several
streams
of
Snow-water
run
down
in
the
Cliffs
of
the
Hills
,
two
Leagues
to
the
Westward
of
Elizabeth's-Bay
.
On
the
North-shore
the
Land
is
low
and
woody
near
the
Water-side
,
and
up
of
a
Valley
in
this
Low-land
:
In
this
Valley
there
runs
a
fresh
Water-River
;
I
went
it
with
my
Boat
:
It
is
but
shallow
at
low
Water
,
hardly
Water
enough
for
my
Boat
:
Here
I
saw
several
Arbors
of
the
Indians
making
,
but
no
People
.
This
River
is
a
very
convenient
place
to
lay
Shallops
,
or
such
like
small
Vessels
in
it
;
they
may
go
into
it
at
high
Water
,
for
the
Tide
riseth
here
eight
or
nine
feet
:
this
River
I
called
by
the
name
of
Batchelor's
River
.
Before
the
mouth
of
this
River
,
in
the
Streights
,
there
is
good
anchoring
,
in
nine
,
or
ten
,
or
twelve
Fathom
Water
,
sandy
Ground
;
a
fair
birth
off
the
Shore
:
the
Tide
runs
but
ordinary
,
and
the
Floud-tide
comes
from
the
Westward
,
and
the
Tide
that
comes
out
of
St.
Jerom's
Channel
,
makes
a
ripling
with
the
Tide
that
comes
along
the
stream
of
the
Streight
:
I
called
this
Road
that
is
before
Batchelor's-River
,
York-Road
:
This
is
a
good
place
to
ride
in
with
Westerly
Winds
,
for
here
cannot
go
any
great
Sea
;
neither
shall
a
Man
be
embayed
;
that
if
a
Cable
give
way
,
he
may
have
the
Streight
open
to
carry
it
away
;
for
the
Westerly
Winds
are
the
greatest
Winds
that
blow
here
by
the
Trees
,
for
they
all
stoop
to
these
Winds
,
and
lean
to
the
Easterward
,
and
the
West-side
of
all
the
Trees
that
stand
open
,
are
made
flat
with
the
Winds
:
the
tops
of
the
Mountains
look
to
the
Eastward
;
the
Easterly
Winds
seldom
blow
strong
here
as
to
what
I
have
observed
.
By
the
Shore-side
which
lies
open
to
the
East
,
the
Grass
grows
down
to
the
Water-side
,
and
they
are
the
greener
Shores
,
and
the
Trees
are
streight
and
tall
on
the
East-side
of
the
Hills
,
but
on
the
West-shores
,
the
Grass
and
Trees
are
much
weather-beaten
,
worn
away
,
and
crippled
,
and
the
Shore-sides
much
tewed
with
the
surge
of
the
Waters
.
At
Cape
Quad
,
the
Lands
shut
one
with
the
other
,
as
if
there
were
no
farther
passage
:
but
as
you
make
nearer
to
it
,
you
will
see
the
opening
more
and
more
,
as
the
Streight
rounds
there
more
to
the
Northward
again
.
Cape
Quad
is
on
the
North-shore
;
and
it
is
a
steep
up
Cape
,
of
a
rocky
greyish
Face
,
of
a
good
height
before
one
comes
at
it
:
it
shews
like
a
great
building
of
a
Castle
;
for
it
points
off
with
a
Race
from
the
other
Mountains
,
so
much
into
the
Channel
of
the
Streight
,
that
it
makes
shutting
in
against
the
South-land
,
and
maketh
an
Elbow
in
the
Streight
:
the
Streight
is
not
past
four
miles
broad
here
,
from
shore
to
shore
;
and
the
Land
is
steep
too
on
both
sides
,
and
rocky
;
the
Mountains
high
on
both
Shores
,
and
craggy
barren
Rocks
:
some
Trees
and
Bushes
growing
here
,
and
much
Snow
on
the
Mountains
on
both
sides
.
Opposite
to
Cape
Quad
on
the
South-side
,
there
is
a
fine
large
Bay
,
which
is
called
Rider's
Bay
:
I
did
not
go
into
it
;
if
there
be
Anchoring
in
it
,
it
is
a
fair
Road
for
any
Winds
:
the
Water
is
very
deep
here
in
the
Channel
,
no
Ground
at
one
hundred
Fathom
:
this
part
of
the
Streights
,
from
Point
Passage
to
Cape
Quad
,
is
the
most
crooked
part
of
all
the
Streight
;
therefore
I
called
this
Crooked-Reach
.
Here
are
two
small
Islands
in
the
North-shore
,
to
the
Eastward
of
Cape
Quad.
November
14.
This
Morning
I
was
a-brest
of
Cape-Munday
,
so
I
called
it
,
it
being
a
Cape
on
the
South-side
,
and
is
distant
from
Cape
de
Quad
about
thirteen
Leagues
:
the
Streight
here
is
about
four
miles
broad
,
and
the
North-shore
makes
into
the
Land
with
great
sounds
and
broken
Islands
;
the
Land
on
both
Shores
is
high
rocky
Hills
,
and
barren
,
very
little
Wood
or
Grass
growing
on
them
:
Here
at
Cape
Munday
,
the
Streight
grows
broader
and
broader
to
the
Westward
,
but
keeps
all
one
Course
,
North-west
and
by
West
to
Cape
Upright
;
which
is
a
steep
upright
Cliff
on
the
South-side
,
and
it
is
distant
from
Cape
Munday
four
Leagues
.
Here
the
Streight
inclines
to
the
Westward
near
half-a
Point
:
the
Streight
lies
from
Cape
Munday
West-north-west
,
half
a
Point
Northerly
right
out
into
the
South-Sea
,
if
you
be
in
the
middle
of
the
Channel
,
or
nigh
the
North-shore
;
I
find
little
or
no
Tide
to
run
here
,
or
Current
:
no
Ground
in
the
Channel
at
two
hundred
Fathom
,
a
Musket
shot
off
the
Shore
on
either
side
.
Here
run
into
the
South-shore
many
Sounds
and
Coves
;
I
have
sailed
fair
along
by
the
South-shore
all
this
day
;
for
the
North-shore
makes
in
broken
Islands
and
Sounds
:
Here
lie
all
along
the
South-shore
several
small
Islands
,
but
no
danger
,
for
they
are
all
steep
too
:
the
Streight
is
a
very
fair
Channel
to
sail
throughout
.
This
day
at
Noon
,
I
was
a-breast
of
an
Island
,
which
lies
on
the
North-side
of
the
Streight
,
I
called
it
Westminster-Island
;
there
lie
a
great
many
Islands
between
that
and
the
North-shore
,
and
to
the
Eastward
and
Westward
,
as
also
some
broken
Ground
,
and
Rocks
lie
about
it
:
These
Islands
I
called
The
Lawyers
,
and
this
I
sland
which
I
called
Westminster-Island
,
is
an
high
rocky
Island
shewing
like
Westminster-Hall
;
the
Streight
is
five
Leagues
broad
,
between
Westminster-Island
and
the
South-shore
;
but
between
that
and
the
North-shore
,
there
are
many
rocky
Islands
and
broken
Ground
.
The
Streight
lies
from
Cape
Munday
to
Cape
Desseada
West-north-west
,
and
East-south-east
,
half
a
point
Northerly
,
and
half
a
point
Southerly
nearest
,
and
they
are
distant
from
one
another
near
fifteen
Leagues
:
from
Cape
Quad
to
Cape
Desseada
,
it
is
about
twenty
eight
Leagues
;
and
the
Streight
lies
near
North-west
,
and
by
West
from
Cape
Quad
into
the
South-Sea
,
and
near
in
one
Reach
,
which
I
called
Long-Reach
:
and
some
of
my
Company
called
it
Long-Lane
.
This
part
may
properly
be
called
the
Streights
;
for
it
is
high
Land
all
the
way
on
both
Shores
,
and
barren
Rocks
,
with
Snow
on
them
;
and
indeed
from
Cape
Quad
into
the
South-Sea
,
I
called
this
Land
South-Desolation
,
it
being
so
desolate
Land
to
behold
.
Cape
Desseada
lies
in
the
Latitude
of
53
d.
10
m.
South
.
In
Longitude
West
from
the
Lizard
of
England
72
d.
56
m.
And
in
Meridian
distance
1149.
The
Compass
hath
14
d.
10
m.
Variation
Easterly
here
.
Cape
Piller
lies
in
the
Latitude
of
53
d.
5
m.
In
Longitude
West
from
the
Lizard
of
England
72
d.
49
m.
And
in
Meridian
distance
1148.
Leagues
West
.
I
make
the
whole
length
of
the
Streights
of
Magellan
,
from
Cape
Virgin-Mary
to
Cape
Desseada
,
with
every
Reach
and
turning
,
to
be
one
hundred
and
sixteen
Leagues
:
and
so
much
I
sailed
from
the
one
Sea
to
the
other
,
according
to
my
estimation
.
The
best
Land-fall
in
my
Opinion
,
is
to
make
the
face
of
Cape
Desseada
for
to
come
out
of
the
South-Sea
to
go
into
the
Streight
of
Magellan
;
they
lie
in
East
and
West
at
the
first
,
till
you
come
a-brest
of
Cape-Pillar
;
then
the
Course
is
South-east
and
by
East
nearest
.
Be
careful
to
keep
the
South-shore
in
fair
view
;
for
the
North-shore
is
broken
Islands
and
Sounds
,
that
a
Man
may
mistake
the
right
Channel
or
Streight
,
and
steer
up
into
one
of
them
,
as
he
comes
out
from
the
South-Sea
,
if
he
lose
sight
of
the
South-shore
.
Here
lie
four
small
Islands
at
the
North
part
of
the
mouth
of
the
Streight
,
in
the
South-Sea
;
they
lie
pretty
near
together
:
the
Eastermost
stands
singly
by
it self
,
and
is
round
copling
up
of
a
fair
height
like
an
Hay-cock
,
or
Sugar-loaf
:
the
other
three
are
flattish
;
they
lie
from
Cape-pillar
North-north-west
,
by
the
true
Compass
6
Legues
off
;
they
are
distant
from
Cape-Victory
,
near
four
Leagues
South-west
;
I
called
them
The
Islands
of
Direction
;
they
are
good
wishing
to
fall
with
the
Mouth
of
the
Streight
.
November
26.
The
Land
makes
in
Islands
,
lying
near
the
main
Land
,
is
high
and
large
Hills
In-land
,
which
stretch
North
and
South
,
some
Snow
lying
on
the
tops
of
the
highest
Hill
.
At
eight
of
the
Clock
I
made
the
Island
of
Nuestra
Sennora
del
Socoro
;
in
the
Spanish
Tongue
it
is
called
The
Island
of
our
Lady
of
Sucore
;
I
steered
with
it
North-east
and
by
East
;
it
made
rounding
up
at
the
Eastermost
end
,
and
lower
in
the
middle
that
at
either
end
:
it
maketh
with
a
ridge
running
from
one
end
to
the
other
,
and
Trees
growing
on
it
:
the
Shore-side
is
rocky
on
the
South-side
of
the
Island
,
and
some
broken
Rocks
lie
near
the
Shore-side
,
and
on
the
South-east
end
of
the
Island
there
stand
two
peaked
copling
Rocks
close
to
the
Shore
,
they
are
white
on
the
top
with
Fowls
dung
.
The
Island
is
of
a
fine
heighth
,
and
all
woody
on
the
North-side
of
it
;
the
Trees
grow
down
to
the
Water-side
,
and
fresh
Water
runs
down
in
five
or
six
Gullies
;
the
Woods
are
all
green
,
and
very
thick
spicy
Trees
;
Meridian
distance
at
Noon
from
Cape-pillar
,
East
20
d.
●
m
4
ten
.
Longitude
at
Noon
from
Cape-pillar
,
East
1
d
19
m.
Longitude
at
Noon
,
from
the
Lizard
,
West
71
d.
42
m.
Meridian
distance
at
Noon
,
from
the
Lizard
,
West
1128
leag.
2
mil.
9
ten
.
The
Island
Nuestra
Senore
di
Socoro
,
lies
in
the
Latitude
of
forty
five
degrees
South
,
and
in
Longitude
East
from
Cape-pillar
one
degree
nineteen
minutes
;
Meridian
distance
from
Cape-pillar
,
East
20
leag.
0
min.
4
ten
.
Meridian
distance
from
the
Lizard
,
West
1128
deg.
2
min.
42
min.
Longitude
from
the
Meridian
of
the
Lizard
,
West
71
deg.
9
ten
.
The
Compass
hath
eleven
Degrees
,
Variation
Easterly
here
.
I
went
a-shore
with
my
Boats
for
fresh
Water
,
which
I
had
them
laden
with
presently
;
for
here
is
fresh
Water
enough
,
and
very
good
;
I
searched
the
Shore
what
I
could
,
I
saw
on
old
Hutt
or
Arbour
of
the
Indians
making
,
and
several
sticks
that
were
cut
,
but
all
old
done
.
I
could
not
see
any
sign
of
People
on
the
Island
now
;
I
believe
the
People
come
rambling
to
this
Island
from
the
Main
in
the
best
season
of
the
Year
to
get
young
Fowls
:
for
I
do
not
see
any
thing
else
in
the
Island
for
the
sustenance
of
Mans
Life
;
I
could
not
see
any
kind
of
Mineral
or
Metal
:
the
Soil
is
a
sandy
black
Earth
,
and
some
Banks
of
Rocks
:
the
Island
is
irregular
,
and
grown
all
over
with
impenetrable
thick
Woods
,
so
as
I
could
not
see
the
inward
part
of
it
:
the
Woods
are
ordinary
Timber
,
none
that
I
saw
was
fit
to
make
Planks
of
;
the
nature
of
the
Wood
is
much
like
Beech
and
Birch
,
and
a
sort
of
heavy
Wood
good
for
little
but
the
fire
,
it
is
white
:
no
Fruit
or
Herbs
;
very
little
Grass
,
the
Woods
are
so
thick
;
much
kind
of
long
sedgy
Grass
;
no
wild
Beast
to
be
seen
;
several
small
Birds
in
the
Woods
like
Sparrows
:
there
are
several
Fowls
like
Kites
in
the
Woods
,
several
black
and
white
brant-Geese
and
pied
Shags
,
and
other
such
Sea-Fowls
,
as
Pinks
and
Sea-mews
:
what
else
the
Island
affords
I
cannot
tell
.
I
made
a
Fire
on
the
Shore
,
in
hopes
to
have
some
answer
of
it
on
the
Main
,
but
had
not
.
At
Noon
I
went
aboard
,
and
sent
my
Boats
a-shore
again
for
more
Wood
and
Water
,
whilst
the
Weather
permitted
landing
.
November
30.
This
Forenoon
I
was
over
on
the
main
side
,
the
Ship
lay
off
,
and
in
.
I
went
ashore
with
my
Boat
on
an
Island
which
lieth
adjacent
to
the
Main
:
There
runs
a
Channel
between
that
and
the
Main
,
and
many
Rocks
lie
in
it
,
and
foul
Ground
,
so
as
I
durst
not
venture
the
Ship
in
it
.
This
Island
shewed
as
if
it
had
been
the
Main
,
till
I
went
to
it
with
the
Boat
;
being
about
four
Leagues
long
from
the
North-point
to
the
South-point
,
and
in
some
places
a
League
broad
.
The
Island
is
of
a
mean
height
,
and
in
some
places
two
Leagues
broad
,
and
grown
all
over
with
Woods
very
thick
:
the
Timber
is
such
like
as
is
on
the
Isle
of
Socoro
:
I
could
not
see
any
kind
of
Mineral
or
Metal
in
it
;
the
Shore-side
sandy
in
many
places
,
and
rocky
in
others
;
the
Earth
on
this
Island
is
of
a
sandy
black
soil
,
but
very
wet
with
the
continual
Rains
that
are
here
.
Not
finding
this
noted
in
my
Draughts
,
I
called
it
after
my
own
Name
Narbrough's-Island
;
I
took
possesion
of
it
for
his
Majesty
and
his
Heirs
:
I
could
not
see
any
People
,
or
any
sign
of
them
here
.
South-east
from
Narbrough's-Island
on
the
Main
distant
about
three
Leagues
,
there
runs
into
the
Land
a
River
or
Sound
,
and
some
broken
ground
lies
before
it
.
The
Shore-side
is
rocky
,
and
the
Hills
are
high
in
the
Land
on
both
sides
of
it
;
this
opening
lies
in
East
and
West
,
I
take
it
for
that
place
which
in
the
Draughts
is
called
Saint
Domingo
.
This
place
lies
in
the
Latitude
of
forty
four
Degrees
,
fifty
Minutes
South
;
and
more
to
the
Southward
thereof
lie
many
round
coplin
high
Islands
grown
over
with
Woods
:
all
along
the
Coasts
as
far
as
I
could
see
,
there
lie
Islands
adjacent
to
the
Main
,
and
they
are
of
a
great
height
.
This
Day
all
the
Bread
in
the
Ship
is
expended
:
all
the
Company
of
the
Ship
,
my self
as
well
as
any
other
,
eat
Pease
in
lieu
of
Bread
;
my
Company
are
all
indifferent
well
in
health
,
I
thank
God
for
it
,
being
seventy
two
in
Company
:
no
Fish
to
be
taken
with
Hooks
:
many
Porpusses
seen
,
and
some
Whales
;
several
Sea-Fowls
seen
swimming
to
day
:
much
Wind
to
Night
at
North-west
;
I
ride
fast
,
but
doubtful
of
my
Cable
.
No-Man's
Island
lies
in
the
Latitude
of
forty
three
Degrees
,
forty
seven
Minutes
South
,
and
in
Longitude
West
from
the
Lizard
in
England
seventy
one
Degrees
,
thirty
two
Minutes
.
And
in
Meridian
distance
from
the
Lizard
of
England
,
one
thousand
one
hundred
and
twenty
six
Leagues
and
one
Mile
;
and
in
Meridian
distance
from
Cape-pillar
East
,
twenty
two
Leagues
,
two
Miles
,
and
two
tenths
;
and
in
Longitude
East
from
Cape-pillar
,
one
degree
,
twenty
nine
minutes
1/10.
The
variation
of
the
Compass
is
ten
Degrees
Easterly
here
.
This
Island
is
that
which
the
Draughts
make
to
lie
at
the
South-end
of
the
Island
of
Castro
,
at
the
Mouth
of
the
going
in
of
that
Channel
,
which
is
between
Castro
and
the
Main
;
the
Draughts
are
false
in
laying
down
of
this
Coast
;
for
they
do
not
make
any
mention
of
the
several
Islands
that
lie
on
it
,
but
lay
it
down
all
along
to
be
a
streight
Coast
:
the
Latitude
of
most
places
are
laid
down
very
near
as
what
I
have
found
.
Here
are
many
Islands
adjacent
on
the
Coasts
more
Southerly
,
in
the
Latitude
of
forty
five
and
an
half
,
but
none
are
laid
down
.
December
15.
Don
Carlos
was
put
a-shore
,
and
carried
with
him
a
Sword
,
and
a
Case
of
Pistols
,
and
his
best
Apparel
,
and
a
Bag
with
his
Beads
and
Knives
;
together
with
Scissars
,
Looking-glasses
,
Combs
,
Rings
,
Pipes
,
Jews-harps
,
Bells
and
Tobacco
;
all
which
things
he
had
of
me
to
give
to
the
Natives
.
At
seven
of
the
Clock
Signior
Carlos
was
set
a-shore
,
on
the
South-side
of
the
Harbour
of
Baldavia
without
the
Mouth
of
it
a
Mile
,
in
a
small
sandy
Bay
,
about
two
miles
within
Point
Gallere
,
between
the
Point
and
the
Mouth
of
the
Harbour
.
When
he
was
a-shore
,
he
took
his
leave
of
my
Lieutenant
,
and
bad
him
go
aboard
and
look
out
for
his
Fire
in
the
Night
.
He
went
from
the
Boat
along
the
Sea-side
in
the
path
toward
the
Harbour's
Mouth
:
the
Men
in
the
Boat
saw
him
go
along
for
the
distance
of
quarter
of
a
Mile
,
till
he
turned
behind
a
point
of
Rocks
out
of
sight
.
The
Shore-side
is
low
and
sandy
,
and
some
scattered
Rocks
lie
in
it
:
the
Land
riseth
trenting
to
large
Hills
:
the
land
is
all
woody
and
very
thick
,
that
there
is
travelling
but
by
the
Water-side
.
My
Lieutenant
went
ashore
to
the
edg
of
the
Woods
,
and
gathered
several
green
Apples
off
the
Trees
:
for
there
grow
Apple-trees
on
the
Shore-side
,
much
like
our
European
Winter-Fruit
;
the
Apples
are
bigger
than
Walnuts
with
their
shells
on
;
whether
these
Trees
were
planted
by
the
Spaniards
,
or
grow
naturally
in
the
Country
,
I
cannot
tell
.
I
do
not
find
any
Current
or
Tide
to
set
on
this
Coast
,
that
is
any
way
prejudicial
to
Navigation
;
neither
do
I
find
the
Winds
to
blow
Trade
:
but
they
are
veerable
,
and
are
given
to
blow
hard
on
the
Western
Quarter
,
and
rain
much
.
The
Mouth
of
the
Harbour
of
Baldevia
on
the
Coast
of
Chile
,
in
the
South-Sea
,
lieth
in
the
Latitude
of
39
d.
56
m.
South
.
And
in
Longitude
,
West
from
the
Lizard
of
England
70
d.
19
m.
And
in
Longitude
East
,
from
Cape-pillar
2
d.
41
m.
And
in
Meridian
,
distance
from
Cape-pillar
,
East
41
leag.
2
mil.
●/10.
the
Account
I
make
by
my
sailing
from
the
Meridian
of
the
Lizard
,
according
to
my
daily
Account
of
my
Ships
way
:
I
do
not
make
any
Account
of
plain
Sailing
to
be
fit
for
Seamen
to
observe
;
but
the
best
Navigation
is
by
Mercator
,
sailing
according
to
the
Circle
of
the
Globe
,
which
I
ever
sailed
by
,
and
keep
my
Account
of
Easting
and
Westing
by
Longitude
,
which
is
the
best
and
most
certain
Sailing
,
to
give
the
true
description
of
the
Globe
.
I
have
noted
down
the
Meridian
distance
I
made
daily
,
whereby
sush
Navigators
and
Seamen
as
know
better
,
may
have
that
to
give
them
the
knowledge
of
the
distances
of
Places
,
according
to
their
Understanding
.
Most
of
our
Navigators
in
this
Age
sail
by
the
Plain
Chart
,
and
keep
their
Accounts
of
the
Ships
way
accordingly
,
although
they
sail
near
the
Poles
;
which
is
the
greatest
Errour
that
can
be
committed
;
for
they
cannot
tell
how
to
find
the
way
home
again
,
by
reason
of
their
mistake
;
as
I
have
some
in
the
Ship
with
me
now
that
are
in
the
same
Errour
,
for
want
of
Understanding
the
true
difference
of
the
Meridians
,
according
to
their
Miles
of
Longitude
,
in
the
several
Latitudes
.
I
could
with
all
Seamen
would
give
over
sailing
by
the
false
plain
Card
,
and
sail
by
Mercator's
Chart
,
which
is
according
to
the
truth
of
Navigation
;
But
it
is
an
hard
matter
to
convince
any
of
the
old
Navigators
,
from
their
Method
of
sailing
by
the
Plain
Chart
;
shew
most
of
them
the
Globe
,
yet
they
will
walk
in
their
wonted
Road.
At
eight
of
the
Clock
in
the
Forenoon
my
Boat
put
from
me
,
and
rowed
to
the
Shore
with
.
in
point
Gallery
,
to
the
place
where
Don
Carlos
was
landed
:
I
laid
off
and
on
with
the
Ship
before
the
Port
;
the
Boat
rowed
all
along
the
Shore
by
the
place
where
Don
Carlos
was
landed
,
and
along
the
Shore
into
the
Harbour
;
at
the
Points
on
the
South-side
of
the
Harbour
stands
a
small
Fort
of
seven
Guns
called
S.
James's
Fort
:
My
Boat
came
suddenly
on
it
,
and
before
they
perceived
it
to
be
a
Fort
,
they
were
within
shot
of
it
.
The
Spaniards
stood
on
the
Shore
;
and
wasted
with
a
white
Flag
,
and
called
to
them
;
My
Lieutenant
rowed
to
them
,
and
asked
of
them
what
Country
they
were
?
they
answered
,
of
Spain
:
They
asked
my
Lieutenant
of
what
Country
he
was
?
He
answered
,
of
England
;
they
asked
him
to
come
a-shore
,
whch
he
did
,
in
hopes
to
have
seen
Don
Carlos
there
,
for
that
path
that
Don
Carlos
went
in
when
he
was
landed
,
led
directly
to
this
Fort
by
the
Sea-side
,
and
it
was
not
a
Mile
from
the
Fort
to
the
place
where
he
was
landed
,
so
as
he
must
go
to
this
Fort
,
and
be
upon
it
before
he
was
aware
of
it
,
unless
he
knew
it
before
.
The
path
went
all
along
between
the
Woods
and
the
Sea
:
In
the
Woods
there
is
no
travelling
,
they
are
so
thick
,
and
grow
on
the
side
of
an
Hill
;
the
Fort
stands
just
by
the
Wood-side
on
a
race
of
the
Bank
,
of
five
yards
ascent
from
the
Sea
,
with
a
bank
of
Earth
cast
up
before
the
Ordnance
,
and
flight
Pallisadoes
plac'd
in
an
Half-moon
,
four
yards
distant
from
the
Guns
to
the
Southward
,
which
Pallisadoes
are
to
keep
the
Natives
from
running
violently
on
the
Ordnance
:
so
these
Spaniards
guard
themselves
with
long
Lances
against
the
Natives
in
the
Fort.
The
Spaniards
have
Match-lock
Musquetoons
,
but
they
are
very
ordinary
ones
,
and
they
are
as
silly
in
using
them
.
At
my
Lieutenants
landing
,
about
twenty
Spaniards
and
Indians
came
to
the
Water-side
in
Arms
,
and
received
him
and
his
Company
a-shore
,
and
carried
him
some
twenty
yards
from
the
Water-side
up
the
race
of
the
Bank
,
under
a
great
Tree
,
where
the
Captain
of
the
Fort
,
and
two
other
Spanish
Gentlemen
,
received
him
under
the
shade
with
great
Courtesie
,
after
the
Spaniards
Ceremony
;
they
sat
them
on
Chairs
and
Benches
placed
about
a
Table
,
under
the
shade
;
for
the
Sun
shone
very
warm
,
it
being
a
very
fair
Day
.
The
Spanish
Captain
called
for
Wine
,
which
was
brought
to
him
in
a
great
Silver
Bowl
;
He
drank
to
my
Lieutenant
,
and
bid
him
welcome
a-shore
,
and
caused
five
of
his
Ordnance
to
be
fired
,
being
glad
to
see
English
Men
in
this
place
,
and
told
him
that
this
was
Baldavia
,
speaking
very
kindly
,
and
how
welcome
they
were
to
him
:
After
every
one
had
drank
,
and
my
Lieutenant
had
thanked
him
for
his
Entertainment
,
he
desired
my
Gentlemen
to
sit
down
,
and
he
discoursed
with
them
,
and
asked
from
whence
they
came
,
and
what
way
they
came
into
this
Sea
,
and
what
their
Captains
Name
was
,
and
if
there
were
Wars
in
England
?
My
Lieutenant
answered
him
to
his
demands
:
My
Lieutenant
asked
him
,
if
they
were
in
peace
with
the
Indians
?
He
answered
,
that
they
were
at
Wars
with
them
round
about
,
wafting
his
Hand
round
the
Harbour
,
and
that
they
were
valiant
People
and
very
barbarous
,
and
fought
on
Horseback
,
and
did
them
much
spoil
;
and
that
two
days
before
,
the
Indians
came
out
of
the
Woods
and
killed
a
Captain
,
as
he
stood
at
his
Duty
by
the
side
of
the
Fort
,
and
cut
off
his
Head
and
carried
it
away
,
sticking
on
their
Lance.
He
shewed
my
Lieutenant
the
place
where
the
Indians
came
out
of
the
Woods
,
and
the
place
where
the
Man
was
killed
.
They
seem
to
be
very
fearful
of
the
Indians
,
for
they
will
not
stir
any
way
,
but
they
will
have
their
Piece
or
their
Lance
with
them
.
It
is
a
manifest
sign
they
are
much
affraid
of
the
Indians
:
also
they
have
no
more
ground
than
the
Fort
;
neither
do
they
clear
any
of
the
Woods
on
this
side
of
the
Harbour
,
nor
walk
at
a
Musquet-shot
distance
from
the
Pallisadoes
,
along
the
Woods-side
.
The
Spaniards
say
that
the
Indians
have
much
Gold
,
and
that
their
Armour
for
their
Brest
is
fine
beaten
Gold
,
&c.
In
the
Afternoon
a
Dinner
was
brought
out
of
the
Fort
to
the
Tent
,
where
they
were
,
and
placed
on
the
Table
:
The
first
Course
was
Soppas
,
then
Olleos
,
then
Pullets
,
then
fresh
Fish
,
all
dressed
with
hot
Sawce
,
and
very
good
Diet
it
was
;
the
last
Course
was
Sweet-meats
:
every
Course
was
served
in
Silver
Dishes
,
and
all
the
Plates
were
Silver
,
and
the
Pots
and
Stew-pots
,
and
all
the
Utensils
belonging
to
the
dressing
of
the
Provisions
were
Silver
;
the
Bason
wherein
they
brought
Water
to
wash
their
Hands
was
in
like
manner
made
of
Silver
,
very
large
,
and
the
Hilts
of
the
Soldiers
Swords
were
Silver
,
but
the
Hilts
of
the
Officers
Swords
were
Gold
of
good
value
:
Moreover
,
the
Plate
at
the
But-end
of
the
Stock
of
their
Musquetoons
was
of
the
same
Metal
,
and
the
Pipe
that
the
Rod
runs
in
was
Silver
;
as
also
the
tip
of
the
Gun-stick
,
and
their
Tobacco-Boxes
,
and
Snuff-Boxes
,
and
the
Staves
which
they
walk
with
were
headed
and
ferrelled
with
Silver
,
and
ferrelled
on
the
joints
with
Silver
.
Indeed
they
are
Masters
of
much
Silver
and
Gold
,
and
it
is
but
little
esteemed
among
them
.
Their
boasting
was
Plata
no
vallanada
muchoro
in
terra
.
Four
Spanish
Gentlemen
desired
to
go
aboard
with
my
Lieutenant
,
and
see
the
Ship
,
and
Pilot
her
into
the
Harbour
,
if
I
would
come
in
,
which
they
did
not
question
but
I
would
,
as
I
understood
afterward
by
a
Spaniard
that
came
aboard
to
me
,
who
revealed
to
me
their
whole
Design
,
how
they
intended
to
surprise
the
Ship
,
which
I
ever
took
care
to
prevent
,
giving
them
no
opportunity
:
For
it
hath
been
a
general
practice
with
the
Spaniards
in
America
,
to
betray
all
forein
Interest
in
these
parts
;
as
I
had
read
of
their
treacherous
dealings
with
Captain
Hawkins
at
Saint
Juan
de
Vlloa
.
I
had
much
Discourse
with
the
Spanish
Gentlemen
this
day
concerning
Baldavia
,
and
the
Country
of
Chile
:
They
tell
me
they
have
much
Gold
here
at
Baldavia
,
and
that
the
Natives
do
much
hinder
their
getting
of
it
;
for
they
are
at
cruel
Wars
with
them
,
and
will
not
permit
them
to
plant
anything
near
here
about
,
nor
at
Baldavia
,
but
they
come
and
destroy
it
with
Fire
.
And
that
the
Natives
are
very
cruel
and
barbarous
;
if
they
take
any
Spaniard
they
cut
off
his
Head
,
and
carry
it
away
on
their
Lances
end
.
These
Spaniards
tell
me
that
they
live
here
,
as
the
Spaniards
do
at
Mamora
in
Barbary
,
having
their
Enemies
round
about
them
.
These
Spaniards
say
,
that
the
Indians
are
tall
Men
,
and
of
a
Gigantick
stature
and
extreamly
Valiant
,
and
that
they
fight
on
Horseback
,
eight
and
ten
thousand
Men
in
Arms
,
and
well
disciplin'd
.
The
Indians
have
much
Gold
;
and
their
Weapons
are
long
Lances
,
and
Bows
,
and
Arrows
,
and
Swords
and
some
Musquets
,
which
they
have
taken
from
the
Spaniards
,
and
know
how
to
use
them
in
Service
;
taking
also
Ammunition
,
&c.
The
Indians
are
very
populous
in
the
Land
about
Baldavia
,
and
at
Orsono
,
and
on
the
Island
of
Castro
,
and
at
Chile
,
and
that
they
have
much
Gold
on
these
parts
about
Orsono
,
and
Chilue
,
and
that
they
trade
with
the
Spaniards
,
and
give
them
Gold
.
This
Captain
said
,
that
they
have
six
great
Ships
going
yearly
from
Lima
to
the
Philippine
Islands
,
to
the
Port
of
Mannelos
,
and
that
they
have
a
great
Trade
with
the
Chineses
;
and
that
these
Ships
sail
from
the
Calleo
,
that
is
the
Port
of
Lima
in
the
Month
of
January
,
and
their
passage
is
but
little
more
than
two
Months
,
from
Lima
to
the
Port
of
Mannelos
,
and
they
sail
it
within
the
Tropicks
,
and
have
much
Easterly
Winds
;
and
they
return
back
by
the
Northwards
,
to
gain
the
Westerly
Winds
,
which
brings
them
to
California
,
and
to
the
Port
of
Aquapulco
,
which
lieth
on
the
West-Coast
of
Nova
Espana
,
and
from
thence
they
come
to
Panama
,
and
then
to
the
Port
of
Lima.
They
bring
rich
Lading
,
much
Silks
and
other
rich
Commodities
,
and
Spices
and
Callicoes
.
The
Mannellos
have
a
great
Trade
with
the
Japoneses
and
Chineses
,
which
is
very
beneficial
to
them
.
The
Captain
demanded
of
me
whither
I
was
bound
?
I
answered
him
,
I
was
bound
for
China
,
and
that
I
had
rich
Lading
for
that
Country
;
and
that
I
only
touched
in
at
this
place
,
knowing
here
were
Settlements
of
the
King
of
Spains
Subjects
,
hoping
here
to
have
Wood
and
fresh
Water
,
and
refreshing
for
my
Men
,
whereby
I
might
the
better
proceed
on
my
Voyage
.
He
said
,
I
should
have
what
the
Country
would
afford
,
and
that
the
Captain
of
the
Fort
had
sent
for
Provisions
for
me
,
and
that
I
might
have
Water
on
the
Shore-sides
pointing
his
Hand
to
the
place
which
was
near
by
;
the
Captain
said
,
it
was
Aqua
del
oro
(
which
is
Water
of
Gold
in
English
.
)
This
saying
caused
me
to
laugh
;
then
he
said
,
it
came
running
from
the
Hills
where
they
find
Gold
,
and
that
there
was
Gold
in
that
Rivulet
.
I
asked
him
how
they
get
the
Gold
?
He
said
,
they
wash
the
Earth
which
is
in
the
Mountains
,
and
find
the
Gold
in
the
Bowl
or
Tray
when
the
Earth
is
washed
out
.
And
they
buy
much
Gold
of
the
Indians
,
which
they
gather
in
the
Gullies
of
the
Hills
,
which
is
washed
in
there
by
the
Rains
,
and
snow
dissolv'd
,
which
descend
from
the
high
Mountains
,
which
they
say
are
very
high
and
barren
Rocks
,
thirty
Leagues
In-land
from
the
Sea-shore
.
The
Land
between
those
barren
Hills
and
the
Sea-shore
,
is
mighty
good
Land
,
and
the
Country
very
fruitful
,
abounding
in
many
Plains
,
and
much
Cattle
that
the
Indians
have
,
as
Horses
and
Cows
,
and
Goats
and
Sheep
,
which
they
have
taken
from
the
Spaniards
,
since
they
came
into
this
Country
.
The
Spaniards
call
the
high
rocky
Mountains
the
Andes
,
and
say
that
those
Andes
run
all
along
the
Land
from
Magellan
Streights
in
a
row
to
S.
Martha
,
which
is
in
Terra
firma
,
not
far
from
Cartagean
.
The
most
Gold
in
all
the
Land
of
America
is
in
Chile
,
as
what
is
known
at
this
time
.
But
I
find
the
Spaniards
have
but
little
knowledge
of
the
Land
all
along
to
the
Southward
,
from
Baldavia
to
the
Streights
Mouth
,
as
far
as
I
can
understand
by
them
,
excepting
at
the
Island
of
Castro
:
There
they
have
a
Settlement
,
and
on
the
Main
against
Castro
at
a
place
called
Orsono
:
At
these
two
places
they
have
good
store
of
Gold
,
and
there
are
many
Indians
:
but
farther
Southerly
than
Castro
,
they
know
nothing
of
the
Country
,
or
of
the
Sea-Coast
.
Castro
lieth
in
the
Latitude
of
43
d.
30
m.
the
South
end
of
the
Island
,
and
the
North
end
lies
in
the
Latitude
of
41
d.
40
m.
It
is
a
fine
Island
,
and
near
the
Main
,
there
grows
good
Wheat
on
it
.
The
Spaniards
are
but
few
in
number
there
,
but
there
are
many
Indians
,
and
those
too
valiant
and
of
a
large
stature
;
but
not
Giants
as
I
understand
:
These
Indians
have
Wars
with
the
Spaniards
,
and
will
not
suffer
them
to
search
the
Country
for
Wealth
.
A
Ship
brought
from
Lima
Provisions
for
the
City
of
Baldavia
and
the
Forts
,
and
Cloaths
,
and
Ammunition
,
and
Wines
,
and
Tobacco
,
and
Sugar
;
and
she
lades
away
from
Baldavia
Gold
and
Bezoar
Stone
,
and
red
Wool
,
&c.
and
Indian
Slaves
that
the
Spaniards
take
here
in
these
parts
;
they
carry
them
to
Peru
,
and
make
perpetual
Slaves
of
them
there
;
and
the
Indians
of
Peru
they
bring
hither
,
and
make
Soldiers
of
them
against
the
Chile-Indians
,
of
which
Soldiers
there
are
many
hereabout
,
whom
my
Men
saw
when
they
were
at
the
Fort.
There
were
about
thirty
Indians
and
Musteses
Soldiers
there
,
and
some
sixteen
white
Men
who
were
Officers
.
Moreover
,
the
Spaniards
make
use
of
the
Peru-Indians
to
Trade
with
the
Chile-Indians
for
Gold
,
although
they
are
at
Wars
.
For
they
of
Chile
without
doubt
are
desirous
of
Trade
,
whereby
they
may
furnish
themselves
with
Knives
,
and
Scissers
,
and
Combs
,
&c.
which
are
wanting
among
them
;
as
also
with
Arms
that
many
times
by
stealth
are
sold
to
them
,
although
they
be
prohibited
;
Traders
will
be
dealing
;
so
as
they
can
get
benefit
,
they
do
not
consider
the
future
danger
by
its
means
,
provided
it
miss
them
at
the
present
.
I
asked
them
how
far
it
was
to
Baldavia
?
they
answered
me
,
three
Leagues
,
and
that
the
Boats
could
go
up
to
it
,
and
that
it
was
situated
by
the
side
of
the
River
and
the
Plains
,
and
that
there
were
five
great
Ordnances
in
a
Fort
to
command
the
City
,
and
that
there
were
one
thousand
Inhabitants
in
the
City
of
all
sorts
of
Men
,
Women
and
Children
.
I
asked
him
,
if
there
were
any
passage
by
Land
from
Baldavia
to
the
other
parts
of
Chile
?
they
said
there
was
,
and
they
sent
every
Week
,
but
they
went
with
good
Guards
to
go
secure
from
the
Indians
.
Then
I
asked
them
if
they
built
Shipping
here
?
they
said
no
,
but
at
Velperrazeo
they
did
build
great
Ships
.
I
asked
them
who
lived
in
the
Island
of
Mocha
?
they
said
Indians
,
many
Men
and
Women
,
and
that
they
were
Poco
amigo
'
s
to
them
;
in
English
,
they
were
but
small
Friends
to
the
Spaniards
.
There
are
many
Sheep
,
Goats
,
Hogs
and
Hens
,
which
the
Indians
will
sell
for
Hatchets
,
Knives
and
Beads
.
As
to
the
Island
of
St.
Mary
,
the
Spaniards
are
Masters
of
it
,
and
have
a
Fort
on
it
with
five
Guns
,
but
few
Spaniards
live
there
:
it
is
plentiful
of
Provisions
,
as
Hogs
,
and
Sheep
,
and
Corn
,
and
Potatoes
:
and
they
said
there
is
some
Gold
,
that
the
Indians
have
on
the
Island
of
Mocha
,
but
they
will
not
part
from
it
.
The
Spaniards
did
not
care
for
answering
me
to
such
things
as
I
would
gladly
have
heard
of
these
parts
;
for
I
laid
the
Draught
of
all
that
Coast
on
the
Table
before
them
,
and
asked
them
who
lived
at
this
Port
,
and
who
lived
at
that
:
at
some
places
they
would
say
,
the
Spaniards
lived
there
,
and
at
some
the
Indians
.
but
they
did
not
care
to
answer
my
desires
,
but
frame
other
Discourses
to
wave
mine
.
I
find
that
they
are
but
little
acquainted
on
the
Coasts
to
the
Southward
of
Baldavia
;
they
say
they
have
Spaniards
living
on
the
Island
of
Castro
,
and
that
much
Corn
grows
there
,
more
especially
European
Wheat
;
and
that
on
the
Main
there
are
Spaniards
living
at
a
place
called
Orsono
,
which
is
against
Castro
,
and
that
there
they
have
Gold
,
and
there
are
many
Indians
I
asked
him
if
Shipping
could
go
in
between
Castro
and
the
Main
?
they
could
not
tell
me
,
or
would
not
;
but
they
said
some
Ships
went
thither
,
which
come
from
Lima
with
Furniture
for
the
People
.
The
Anchoring
at
the
Island
of
Mocha
is
on
the
North-north-east
part
of
it
,
in
a
sandy
Bay
in
eight
Fathom
Water
near
the
Shore
;
a
North-east
Wind
is
the
worst
Wind
for
the
Road
:
on
the
South-side
of
Mocha
there
lies
a
ledg
of
Rocks
,
and
some
broken
Rocks
on
that
part
of
the
Island
,
scattered
from
the
Shore
.
The
Anchoring
at
the
Island
of
St.
Mary
is
on
the
North-side
in
a
fine
sandy
Bay
,
in
eight
or
nine
Fathom
Water
,
a
fine
Birth
from
the
Shore
;
the
North-north-west
Wind
is
the
worst
Wind
for
that
Road.
There
is
Wood
and
fresh
Water
on
both
the
Islands
,
as
the
Spaniards
report
.
The
Tides
are
but
mean
on
the
Coast
,
and
the
Flood
comes
from
the
Southward
,
and
rise
about
eight
or
nine
feet
Water
.
The
Island
of
Mocha
lies
in
the
Lat.
of
38
d.
30
m.
South
.
The
Island
of
St.
Mary
lies
in
the
Lat.
of
37
d.
14
m.
South
,
They
have
Apples
,
and
Plums
,
and
Pears
and
Olives
,
Apricocks
,
Peaches
,
Quinces
,
Oranges
,
Lemmons
,
and
many
other
Fruits
:
There
are
also
Musk-Melons
,
and
water-Melons
,
&c.
These
Spaniards
report
it
to
be
the
finest
Country
in
the
whole
World
,
and
that
the
people
live
with
the
greatest
Luxury
of
any
on
the
Earth
;
they
enjoy
their
Health
with
so
much
delight
,
and
have
so
much
Wealth
and
Felicity
,
that
they
compare
the
Land
to
Paradise
,
abounding
above
other
Countries
with
all
Delights
for
Mankind
.
I
saw
a
good
Testimony
of
the
healthiness
of
the
Country
;
for
these
four
Men
who
are
on
Board
,
are
as
well-complexioned
Men
as
ever
I
saw
in
my
days
;
and
the
People
a-shore
,
both
Men
and
Women
of
the
Spaniards
are
well-complexioned
People
,
of
a
ruddy
colour
,
and
seem
to
be
mighty
healthy
.
Some
of
the
Men
are
very
corpulent
,
and
look
as
if
they
came
from
a
very
plentiful
Country
,
where
there
is
great
store
of
Provisions
,
and
abundance
of
Gold
and
Silver
.
December
17.
1670.
There
went
a-shore
in
the
Boat
eighteen
of
my
best
Men
I
had
in
the
Ship
,
and
Men
of
good
Observation
to
inspe●
into
matters
of
this
Concern
,
which
I
had
acquainted
them
with
;
as
touching
the
manner
of
the
Harbour
,
and
the
Fortifications
the
Spaniards
have
,
and
the
disposition
of
the
People
;
and
that
it
was
my
whole
desire
to
have
Conference
with
the
Natives
of
the
Country
that
are
at
Wars
with
the
Spaniards
,
if
by
any
mens
possible
it
may
be
obtained
;
for
it
is
my
whole
desire
to
lay
the
Foundation
of
a
Trade
there
for
the
English
Nation
for
the
future
;
for
I
see
plainly
this
Country
is
lost
for
want
of
the
true
knowledg
of
it
My
Men
in
the
Boat
observed
the
Harbour
and
the
Fortifications
,
and
took
good
notice
of
the
people
.
The
Spaniards
bought
several
things
of
my
Boats
Crew
:
and
paid
for
what
things
they
bought
in
good
Pillar
pieces
of
Eight
;
they
would
not
part
from
any
Gold
,
although
my
Men
were
desirous
to
have
some
rather
than
Silver
for
their
Goods
:
neither
would
they
part
from
any
Bread
in
payment
,
pretending
that
they
should
have
Bread
to
morrow
from
Baldavia
.
The
things
which
they
bought
of
my
Men
at
this
time
,
were
two
Fowling-pieces
,
which
cost
in
England
about
twenty
shillings
a
piece
,
and
the
Spaniards
gave
sixteen
pieces
of
Eight
apiece
for
them
;
and
Cases
of
Knives
of
three
shillings
the
piece
in
England
,
the
Spaniards
gave
five
pieces
of
Eight
for
them
:
and
for
single
ten-penny
Wires
,
they
gave
a
piece
of
Eight
a
piece
for
them
;
and
for
ordinary
Leather-gloves
,
of
ten
pence
the
pair
,
they
gave
a
piece
of
Eight
a
pair
;
for
Broad-Cloath-Coats
of
the
Seamens
,
which
cost
sixteen
shillings
in
England
,
they
gave
nine
pieces
of
Eight
for
a
Coat
:
They
were
very
desirous
to
buy
Cloaks
,
and
pieces
of
Bays-cloath
.
The
Men
were
very
gallant
in
Apparel
in
their
Plush-coats
,
and
under-Garments
of
Silk
and
Silver
wrought
together
,
and
good
Linnen
,
and
good
Flanders
Laces
,
and
broad
about
the
Crown
of
of
their
Hats
,
in
fashion
of
an
Hat-band
,
and
a
great
Silk-scarf
with
Gold
Lace
on
the
ends
of
it
,
that
was
cross
over
their
Shoulders
:
a
short
Cravat
of
Linnen
about
their
Necks
,
and
a
Cane
in
their
Hand
headed
with
Silver
;
their
Choes
,
and
Stockings
,
and
Breeches
after
the
Spanish
fashion
.
They
were
very
kind
to
my
Lieutenant
and
Men
,
and
treated
them
very
courteously
.
They
were
not
permitted
to
go
into
the
Fort
,
but
were
entertained
in
a
Tent
by
the
Fort.
Four
of
the
Spaniards
Wives
would
needs
go
into
the
English
Boat
,
and
sit
down
on
the
Benches
,
to
say
that
they
had
been
in
a
Boat
which
came
from
Europe
.
These
were
very
proper
white
Women
born
in
the
Kingdom
of
Peru
of
Spanish
Parents
:
they
never
had
been
in
Europe
.
The
Spaniards
have
some
Indian
Women
to
their
Wives
:
the
Women
were
all
well
Apparelled
in
Silks
afrer
the
Spanish
fashion
,
and
about
their
Necks
great
Gold
Chains
,
and
Pendants
at
their
Ears
of
Saphir
Stones
,
&c.
The
Captain
of
St.
Jago's
Fort
presented
my
Lieutenant
with
a
Silver
Tobacco-box
,
and
a
Silver-headed
Cane
,
and
a
Plume
of
Ostriches
Feathers
,
which
he
wore
on
his
Hat
at
the
same
time
:
the
Feather
of
the
Plume
is
but
small
,
nothing
so
good
as
the
Barbary-Feather
:
this
Plume
was
of
red
,
and
white
,
and
blew
Feathers
died
in
the
Country
.
I
saw
another
Plume
which
a
Spanish
Gentleman
gave
to
Mr.
Wood
,
which
was
black
and
large
,
and
a
very
fair
one
,
made
of
the
Ostriches
Feather
of
the
Country
.
There
are
many
Ostriches
in
the
plain
Lands
,
and
Guianacots
,
which
are
the
Beasts
that
bear
the
red
woou
whereof
Hats
are
made
in
England
.
There
is
much
of
this
Wooll
in
the
Kingdom
of
Peru
and
Chile
.
My
People
could
not
by
any
means
come
to
Converse
with
the
Natives
who
are
at
Wars
with
the
Spaniards
,
and
have
the
Gold
,
without
violating
the
Spaniard's
Power
:
for
on
the
Shore
within
the
Harbour
,
the
Indians
made
a
Fire
by
the
Woods
side
,
and
hung
out
a
white
Flag
on
a
long
Pole
,
and
kept
wafting
of
it
a
long
time
.
My
Lieutenant
would
have
gone
in
his
Boat
to
them
,
but
the
Spaniards
would
not
permit
him
,
and
said
that
they
were
their
own
People
who
lived
there
.
My
Seamen
which
came
aboard
in
my
Boat
,
came
to
me
,
and
told
me
,
that
the
Lieutenant
had
been
at
Fort
St.
Jago
,
and
had
deliver'd
my
Message
there
to
the
Captain
,
but
he
had
no
Order
for
my
fetching
of
Water
,
and
that
he
wished
my
Lieutenant
to
go
to
Fort
St.
Peter
;
which
he
did
,
and
a
Frier
and
two
Spaniards
went
over
with
him
in
the
Boat
,
the
Flag
of
Truce
flying
in
the
Boat
,
and
the
Trumpeter
sounding
,
according
to
my
Order
,
all
the
time
till
they
landed
at
the
Fort.
At
their
Landing
,
the
Lieutenant
was
received
very
courteously
by
several
Spanish
Gentlemen
,
and
desired
to
walk
up
to
the
Governour
;
which
my
Lieeutenant
did
to
a
Tent
where
the
Governour
was
;
the
Governour
received
the
Lieutenant
very
kindly
,
and
desired
him
to
sit
down
.
My
Lieutenant
presented
my
respects
to
the
Governour
,
and
delivered
to
him
the
Cheese
and
Butter
,
togerher
with
the
Spice
,
Glasses
and
Tobacco-pipes
,
which
I
sent
to
him
,
and
acquainted
him
,
that
I
sent
him
to
desire
to
know
if
he
would
be
pleased
to
permit
my
Boat
to
Water
to
day
,
for
my
Boats
lay
ready
,
and
had
the
Cask
in
them
,
and
I
waited
his
Answer
.
The
Governour
caused
my
Lieutenant
and
Mr.
Fortescue
to
sit
down
,
and
drank
to
them
in
a
Silver
Bowl
with
Chile
Wine
?
He
gave
no
Answer
to
the
Lieutenant
at
present
,
but
sent
an
Officer
and
Soldiers
and
seized
on
my
Boat
;
My
Lieutenant
desired
to
know
what
the
meaning
was
that
possession
was
taken
of
the
Boat
?
The
Governour
answered
,
he
had
Order
from
Don
Pedro
de
Montaies
,
Captain
General
of
Chile
,
to
keep
them
till
the
Ship
was
brought
into
the
Harbour
under
the
command
of
the
Castle
,
and
he
was
sorry
he
had
no
more
Officers
of
the
Ships
in
possestsion
.
Vera
Copia
.
A
LETTER
from
Lieutenant
Armiger
to
Captain
Narbrough
.
Sir
,
MY self
and
Mr.
Fortescue
are
kept
here
as
Prisoners
,
but
for
what
cause
I
cannot
tell
;
but
they
still
pretend
much
Friendship
,
and
say
,
that
if
you
will
bring
the
Ship
into
the
Harbour
,
you
shall
have
all
the
Accommodation
that
may
be
,
Sir
,
I
need
not
advise
you
further
,
I
am
,
-
Thomas
Armiger
.
-
John
Fortescue
.
December
18.
1670.
I
examined
my
Seamen
which
came
in
my
Boat
from
the
Lieutenant
,
and
they
related
to
me
the
whole
matter
,
and
they
believed
that
the
Spaniards
had
a
design
to
betray
the
Ship
,
but
they
could
not
agree
among
themselves
:
I
talked
with
the
two
Indians
that
came
aboard
,
they
could
speak
the
Spanish
Tongue
indifferently
well
;
they
told
me
that
I
was
a
Friend
to
the
Indians
of
the
Mountains
,
and
that
I
was
not
a
Spaniard
:
they
would
needs
know
of
me
where
my
Country
is
,
and
if
I
would
come
again
;
I
made
them
answer
,
that
my
Country
is
a
little
way
off
,
on
the
other
side
of
the
Sea
,
and
that
I
would
come
again
,
and
bring
Knives
,
Hatchets
,
Beads
,
Glasses
,
&c.
and
live
in
the
Country
with
them
,
and
that
they
should
see
my
Country
;
and
that
my
King
would
give
them
many
things
,
and
they
should
live
with
us
;
and
that
my
King
is
the
greatest
King
in
the
World
,
and
Commands
all
other
Kings
,
and
that
our
Names
are
English
;
the
Indians
laughed
and
seemed
to
be
very
glad
:
I
bad
them
acquaint
the
Indians
of
the
Mountains
,
or
In-lands
,
that
I
came
to
speak
with
them
,
and
that
I
was
their
Friend
,
and
would
give
them
many
Hatchets
,
and
Knives
,
and
Swords
,
&c.
if
they
would
come
to
me
,
and
that
I
came
purposely
to
speak
with
them
;
and
that
my
Master
the
Great
King
of
England
,
hath
sent
them
many
things
,
and
would
willingly
see
them
.
After
these
People
had
heard
all
that
I
said
to
them
,
they
sat
for
a
time
mute
,
and
considering
of
the
Kindnesses
they
received
from
me
and
my
Company
,
and
that
they
must
go
a-shore
again
under
the
Command
of
the
cruel
Spaniards
,
they
weeped
extreamly
,
and
uttered
these
words
,
Numbra
Spanalos
muccho
Deablo
,
&c.
In
English
it
is
,
The
Spanish
men
are
much
Devils
,
&c.
I
verily
believe
that
these
poor
innocent
Creatures
speak
truth
,
for
they
are
great
Devils
in
abusing
these
poor
Souls
so
unmercifully
as
they
do
.
In
sight
of
my
Men
the
Spaniards
with
a
great
Staff
would
strike
an
Indian
on
the
Head
as
he
talked
with
him
,
and
beat
him
all
along
,
for
no
cause
at
all
;
but
this
they
do
to
shew
their
Greatness
and
Imperiousness
.
The
best
Name
the
Spaniards
can
afford
to
call
an
Indian
by
,
is
Dog
,
and
Devil
,
and
such
like
Names
.
These
Indians
say
,
that
there
is
much
Gold
in
the
Land
,
and
that
the
Spaniards
have
much
Oro
;
I
gave
to
each
of
these
Indians
a
Knife
,
and
a
small
Looking-glass
,
and
some
Beads
:
they
were
very
thankful
,
and
I
put
them
in
mind
again
to
speak
to
the
Indians
of
the
In-land
,
that
I
would
give
them
Knives
and
Glasses
if
they
would
come
to
me
.
I
was
in
great
hopes
all
this
time
,
that
I
should
have
the
opportunity
to
speak
with
my
Golden
Friends
,
by
the
means
of
these
People
;
for
they
seemed
to
be
glad
of
the
Message
,
or
of
the
things
which
I
gave
them
to
do
it
.
These
People
are
of
a
middle
stature
,
strongly
set
and
well-fleshed
;
they
are
tawny
coloured
,
and
have
long
black
flaggy
Hair
;
their
Features
tolerable
,
of
a
somewhat
melancholy
Countenance
;
they
are
very
active
in
Body
,
and
hardy
in
enduring
of
Weather
or
Diet
:
They
wear
small
Caps
on
their
Heads
like
to
Mounteers
,
and
their
Garment
is
a
long
Mantle
;
but
most
of
their
Garments
are
a
square
piece
of
Wollen
Cloth
like
a
Carpet
,
of
their
own
weaving
of
the
Wool
of
Guianacoes
:
they
cut
an
hole
in
the
middle
of
this
Carpet
through
which
they
put
their
Head
,
and
it
hangs
upon
their
Shoulders
,
and
covers
their
whole
Bodies
like
a
Cloak
,
when
it
is
buttoned
down
before
.
Some
have
these
Cloaks
so
long
as
it
reacheth
down
to
their
middle
Leg
,
and
some
to
the
Knee
;
some
wear
half-Stockings
on
their
Legs
,
but
no
Shoes
nor
Shirts
:
some
have
Breeches
after
the
Spanish
Fashion
,
but
close
to
their
Thighs
and
Knees
.
A
NOTE
which
I
sent
to
Lieutenant
Armiger
,
enclosed
in
a
Letter
.
LIeutenant
,
take
what
notice
you
can
of
the
Fortificatin
of
the
Fort
,
and
what
strength
they
have
of
People
in
it
,
and
whether
they
are
able
to
withstand
a
Ship
;
and
what
quantity
of
Provisions
they
have
in
it
;
and
whether
Don
Carlos
be
there
;
send
me
an
Account
thereof
by
John
Wilkins
;
I
will
use
all
endeavours
to
have
you
off
,
when
I
understand
the
strength
of
the
place
.
I
remain
your
loving
Friend
,
John
Narbrough
.
Burn
all
the
Letters
you
receive
from
me
,
and
in
case
of
Examination
—
December
18.
1670.
This
Evening
I
took
the
Suns
Amplitude
with
my
Compass
,
and
I
had
a
good
Observation
.
I
find
the
variation
of
the
Compass
to
be
eight
Degrees
ten
Minutes
Easterly
.
I
do
much
reason
with
my self
as
to
the
Variation
,
that
it
differs
so
much
in
the
same
Latitude
,
between
the
East
and
West-side
of
the
Land
of
America
;
for
on
the
East-side
as
I
sailed
in
the
Latitude
of
forty
Degrees
,
I
found
the
Compass
to
have
twenty
Degrees
variation
Easterly
,
by
several
good
Observations
,
which
I
took
with
the
same
Instrument
as
I
now
do
use
,
which
is
a
large
Azimuth
Compass
;
and
here
I
find
but
eight
Degrees
and
ten
Minutes
variation
;
and
it
is
but
eight
Degrees
of
Longitude
more
Westerly
in
the
same
Parallel
,
differing
between
these
Observations
,
and
the
difference
of
Variation
.
I
find
the
Land
to
be
but
one
hundred
and
twenty
five
Leagues
broad
,
from
the
East-side
to
the
West-side
,
in
the
Latitude
of
forty
Degrees
South
of
the
Equinoctial
;
certainly
the
attractive
quality
of
the
Magnet
,
must
be
very
powerful
in
the
Eastern
part
of
the
Land
,
more
than
in
the
Western
,
which
causeth
the
difference
:
yet
I
admire
,
being
on
both
sides
of
the
Land
,
the
Compass
should
always
have
the
same
variation
Easterly
.
I
was
of
the
Opinion
that
the
variation
would
have
been
Westerly
on
the
West-side
,
it
being
Easterly
on
the
East-side
:
but
I
find
the
contrary
by
experience
;
therefore
I
believe
that
the
attractive
quality
is
not
much
in
this
part
of
America
,
but
in
some
other
part
more
to
the
Eastward
than
I
was
;
for
if
the
attractive
quality
had
been
in
this
Land
,
and
I
sailing
on
both
sides
of
it
,
the
variation
must
have
been
Easterly
on
the
one
side
,
and
Westerly
on
the
other
.
This
Discourse
I
leave
to
a
better
Understanding
;
for
I
am
not
as
yet
satisfied
what
occasioneth
the
variation
and
the
great
difference
of
it
,
although
I
have
been
on
several
Voyages
,
and
have
made
great
benefit
of
the
Understanding
of
the
variation
of
the
Compass
,
in
directing
of
the
true
Course
,
&c.
In
the
Port
of
Baldavia
there
are
three
fair
Rivers
,
which
come
out
of
the
Country
,
and
empty
themselves
into
the
Port
with
a
brisk
stream
of
fresh
Water
,
which
causeth
the
stream
always
to
set
out
of
the
Harbour
,
and
the
Waters
to
be
fresh
just
within
the
Harbours-mouth
:
one
River
runs
up
into
the
South-east
part
of
the
Harbour
into
the
Country
;
another
River
runs
into
the
Country
to
the
Eastward
,
on
the
back-side
of
St.
Peter's
Fort
:
the
third
River
runs
into
the
Country
,
about
the
North-point
of
the
Harbours-mouth
,
between
the
point
and
the
North-end
of
St.
Peter's
Island
:
it
runs
up
in
the
North-Eastward
,
and
nine
or
ten
Mills
stand
upon
the
River
from
the
Harbours-mouth
.
The
City
of
Baldavia
is
situated
on
the
Bank
of
the
River
,
as
the
Spaniards
tell
me
.
I
judge
this
City
of
Baldavia
is
but
a
small
place
,
and
kept
only
as
a
Garrison
,
and
a
place
for
Trade
with
the
Indians
for
Gold
,
Bezoar-stones
,
Guianacoes-Wooll
,
&c.
The
Spaniards
that
were
aboard
,
and
the
Indians
said
,
that
there
were
but
five
great
Guns
in
it
,
and
three
hundred
Men.
I
know
that
they
speak
of
the
most
of
every
thing
in
the
matters
as
concerning
their
strength
and
number
of
Men.
I
believe
that
these
Rivers
may
run
into
the
Country
a
long
way
,
and
the
Spaniards
to
have
but
little
knowledge
in
the
inward
parts
of
this
Country
:
for
the
Indians
will
not
suffer
the
Spaniards
to
search
into
the
In-lands
.
I
believe
also
that
these
Rivers
are
not
Navigable
for
Shipping
;
for
the
Bark
which
was
there
would
certainly
have
gone
up
the
River
to
the
city
of
Baldavia
,
and
delivered
her
Goods
there
,
and
not
troubled
themselves
to
carry
the
goods
up
in
Boats
,
and
small
flat-bottomed
Barges
,
which
they
have
there
for
the
purpose
:
The
Barges
are
built
much
like
our
West-Country
Barges
,
and
smaller
by
much
.
These
Boats
or
Barges
will
carry
about
ten
or
twelve
Tuns
:
they
steer
with
a
Rudder
,
and
have
one
Mast
and
Sail
,
as
our
Barges
have
;
the
Sail
is
made
of
Cotton-cloth
,
and
the
Ropes
are
made
of
the
rind
of
Mangrove
Trees
;
and
instead
of
Anchors
,
they
have
wooden
Crab-claws
or
Kellocks
.
Anchors
of
Iron
and
Grapnels
are
scarce
in
these
Countries
:
Ropes
and
Cables
of
Hemp
are
also
scarce
there
,
and
good
Fir-masts
much
wanted
in
all
these
Countries
for
their
Ships
.
The
Masts
for
their
Ships
are
made
of
white
Cedar
,
and
such
like
Wood
;
they
are
very
heavy
and
short-grained
,
and
will
break
short
.
There
are
not
any
Fir-trees
growing
in
all
the
Land
:
Good
Workmen
for
the
building
of
Ships
are
also
much
wanted
here
,
and
Seamen
.
The
smaller
Boats
which
they
have
here
are
Canoas
,
being
cut
out
of
the
Body
of
a
large
Tree
,
and
shaped
somewhat
like
a
Shallop
at
the
ends
:
some
are
thirty
feet
long
,
and
built
one
strake
of
Board
upon
them
,
to
raise
them
higher
on
their
sides
;
they
will
carry
near
twenty
Men
a
piece
:
some
are
rowed
with
Oars
,
and
some
are
less
,
and
rowed
with
Paddles
:
those
which
are
walt
,
have
a
great
Beam
lashed
fast
along
each
side
without
Board
,
which
keeps
them
from
over-setting
.
These
Boats
are
very
ill
built
,
for
I
saw
not
any
one
of
them
fit
to
row
in
any
Sea-gate
,
or
for
any
Service
,
or
to
carry
any
Person
of
Quality
in
.
The
Indians
are
the
Spaniards
Slaves
to
row
them
to
and
fro
,
and
to
do
all
manner
of
labour
;
for
the
Spaniards
will
not
lay
their
Hands
to
any
thing
in
that
nature
,
accounting
it
beneath
them
to
foul
their
Fingers
with
Work
;
for
they
scorn
to
be
Servants
one
to
another
,
let
the
one
be
never
so
Potent
,
and
the
other
not
worth
the
Rags
which
he
weareth
:
yet
he
scorns
to
be
a
Servant
to
him
,
and
live
in
America
.
The
Land
about
the
Harbour
of
Baldavia
is
of
a
good
height
,
and
in
Land
it
riseth
in
large
Hills
:
it
is
low
by
the
Water-side
,
and
the
Shore
is
sandy
in
some
Bays
,
and
broken
shatty
bits
of
glittering
Rocks
lilke
Gold
,
lie
shatter'd
along
by
the
Shore-side
.
All
the
whole
Country
is
overgrown
with
green
Woods
,
as
what
I
could
see
of
it
,
and
by
the
Rivers
sides
:
there
is
no
travelling
in
the
Woods
,
they
are
so
thick
with
Under-brush
,
old
rotten
Trees
,
and
Leaves
,
and
such
Trash
.
The
Harbour
is
near
a
Mile
and
an
half
broad
,
and
the
Guns
cannot
command
from
one
side
to
the
other
:
St.
Peter's
Fort
is
near
two
Miles
from
the
Harbours
mouth
;
any
Ship
may
come
in
and
beat
them
from
their
Guns
,
in
St.
Jago
Fort
,
and
in
St.
Andrew's
Sconce
,
which
are
on
the
Southwest
side
of
the
Harbour
.
After
you
are
in
,
Saint
Peter's
Fort
can
do
very
little
or
no
hurt
at
all
to
your
Ship
,
excepting
it
be
accidental
dropping
shot
.
The
Spaniards
have
no
Plantation
on
this
South-west
side
,
they
only
keep
the
Forts
for
possession
,
that
no
forein
Ship
may
come
and
have
the
Port
free
to
ride
in
,
and
Trade
with
the
Natives
.
The
Harbour
is
like
a
Sound
,
after
one
is
within
the
Mouth
of
it
toward
the
South
part
.
Here
grow
many
good
Canes
on
the
Shore-side
,
such
as
are
brought
from
the
East-Indies
,
which
are
called
Bamboas
;
these
are
very
stiff
Sticks
,
firm
and
heavy
;
they
grow
among
the
Trees
on
the
sides
of
the
Woods
like
Vines
,
and
wind
about
the
Trees
:
some
are
above
twenty
feet
long
,
and
taper
from
the
root
to
the
top
,
like
an
Angling-Rod
.
All
Commodities
which
come
from
Europe
are
very
dear
here
,
and
scarce
,
for
they
have
none
brought
to
them
,
but
by
the
way
of
Panama
,
and
by
the
River
of
Plata
,
which
pass
through
several
Merchants
hands
before
they
come
into
these
parts
,
and
the
transporting
of
them
from
place
to
place
,
is
very
chargeable
.
Many
also
are
but
of
little
esteem
,
here
being
such
plenty
of
them
:
French
Hollands
,
Silks
,
Flanders
-
Laces
,
Silk-stockings
,
Ribbaning
,
French
Linnen
,
Looking-glasses
,
and
such
like
Commodities
were
much
enquired
for
here
,
and
would
have
sold
at
great
Rates
.
Gun-powder
for
Fowling-pieces
,
is
worth
a
piece
of
Eight
per
pound
:
and
Bird-shot
is
worth
two
Ryals
of
Plate
a
pound
,
and
a
Ryal
and
an
half
a
pound
.
All
Commodities
of
European
Workmanship
are
of
great
worth
here
,
as
I
understand
;
and
believe
that
more
Northerly
on
the
Coast
of
Chile
about
Vale
Parazo
,
and
Coquinto
,
and
Areca
,
where
there
are
more
Inhabitants
,
Commodities
would
bear
a
much
greater
price
than
what
I
mention
,
and
there
would
vent
greater
quantities
:
for
Silver
is
more
plentiful
by
much
in
these
parts
than
at
Baldavia
,
they
being
nearer
the
Mines
of
the
Potosea
;
for
the
Silver
of
Potosea
comes
down
to
the
Port
of
Areca
,
and
from
thence
it
is
carried
to
Lima
by
Sea
.
I
am
of
Opinion
that
the
most
advantageous
Trade
in
the
World
,
might
be
made
in
these
parts
,
if
it
were
but
follow'd
,
and
that
leave
were
granted
by
the
King
of
Spain
for
the
English
to
Trade
freely
in
all
their
Ports
and
Coasts
:
for
the
People
which
inhabit
there
are
very
desirous
of
a
Trade
:
but
the
Governours
durst
not
permit
it
without
Orders
,
unless
such
Ships
of
force
were
to
go
thither
and
Trade
per
force
,
and
not
take
notice
of
the
Governours
;
which
might
be
easily
performed
by
four
Ships
of
twenty
and
thirty
pieces
of
Ordnance
a
Ship
;
and
I
believe
that
the
Natives
in
the
Southern
parts
of
Chile
,
about
Castro
,
and
Orsono
,
and
at
Baldavia
,
would
be
brought
to
a
rich
Trade
of
Gold
,
when
once
they
grew
to
be
acquainted
with
those
that
should
be
employed
on
the
design
,
and
they
did
but
use
them
civilly
at
the
first
,
and
gain
their
loves
;
which
may
be
easily
done
by
giving
them
Knives
,
Scissars
,
Glasses
,
Beads
,
Combs
,
Hatchets
,
and
the
like
Commodities
,
and
treat
them
kindly
.
For
what
I
understand
by
the
Indians
,
who
were
aboard
of
me
,
they
are
Masters
of
the
Golden
part
of
the
Country
.
My
intent
being
,
if
Weather
permit
me
,
to
sail
all
along
the
Coast
from
Baldavia
to
the
Southward
,
till
I
come
to
the
Streights-Mouth
at
Cape
Desiade
.
I
came
in
great
hopes
to
meet
with
the
Indians
in
some
part
of
the
Coasts
,
and
to
Trade
with
them
for
Gold
,
and
to
find
good
Harbours
.
I
resolve
also
to
see
in
at
the
Islands
of
Castro
and
Orsono
,
and
try
what
I
can
find
among
those
Spaniards
who
are
settled
there
,
and
whether
they
live
accordingly
as
the
Spaniard
informed
me
here
.
The
Names
of
the
four
Men
of
my
Company
,
whom
the
Spaniards
detained
at
Baldavia
,
and
whom
I
left
there
.
-
Thomas
Armiger
Lieutenant
,
aged
forty
Years
,
and
born
in
Norfolk
.
-
John
Fortescue
Gentleman
,
aged
twenty
seven
Years
,
and
born
in
Kent
.
-
Hugh
Cooe
Trumpeter
,
aged
twenty
eight
Years
,
and
born
in
Wappen
.
-
Thomas
Highway
Linguist
,
aged
thirty
five
Years
,
and
born
in
Barbary
of
Moorish
Parents
:
He
turned
Christian
and
lived
in
London
.
This
Thomas
Highway
is
a
Tawny-Moor
;
he
speaks
the
Spanish
Tongue
very
clear
,
for
he
had
lived
formerly
at
Cadiz
with
an
English
Merchant
.
All
these
four
were
very
healthy
sound
Men
,
and
of
good
Presence
and
Spirit
;
which
gives
me
great
hopes
that
they
will
live
to
give
an
Account
of
that
Country
,
and
of
their
Travels
.
Cape-Gallery
,
which
is
the
outermost
Point
on
the
South-side
of
the
Harbour
of
Baldavia
,
lieth
in
the
Latitude
of
thirty
nine
Degrees
,
fifty
seven
Minutes
,
South
of
Equinoctial
;
as
also
in
Longitude
to
the
Westward
of
the
Meridian
of
the
Lizard
of
England
,
seventy
Degrees
,
twenty
Minutes
,
according
to
my
Account
;
and
in
Meridian
distance
,
one
thousand
one
hundred
and
eight
Leagues
West
;
and
in
Longitude
East
from
the
West-mouth
of
Magellan
Streights
and
Cape-Pillar
,
two
Degrees
and
forty
Minutes
;
and
in
Meridian
distance
42
Leagues
nearest
,
according
to
my
reckoning
.
Thursday
December
22.
This
Morning
it
prov'd
very
fair
Weather
;
at
Day-light
the
Wind
was
at
South-west
,
a
fresh
gale
;
the
Sea
indifferent
smooth
:
I
plied
to
the
Windward
along
the
Coasts
,
and
was
about
three
Leagues
off
the
Shore
,
somewhat
to
the
Southward
of
Cape-Gallery
,
out
of
sight
of
the
People
of
Baldavia
;
for
the
Cape
was
shut
in
with
the
Land
to
the
Northward
of
the
Harbour
.
At
twelve
of
the
Clock
I
had
a
good
Observation
of
the
Sun
with
my
Quadrant
;
and
I
found
my self
in
the
Latitude
of
40
degrees
3
minutes
South
:
I
was
then
three
Leagues
off
the
Shore
,
and
could
not
get
ground
at
eighty
Fathom
.
I
was
to
the
Southward
of
Baldivia
Harbour
.
December
31.
This
afternoon
it
blew
hard
at
N.
W.
and
rained
;
I
steered
South-west
and
by
South
,
by
my
Compass
,
this
Afternoon
and
to
Night
.
Here
are
several
sorts
of
Porpus
.
Fishes
in
these
Seas
,
unlike
ours
in
Europe
:
some
pied
white
and
black
,
and
some
grey
and
large
ones
.
Rainy
Weather
to
Night
,
and
no
Observation
to
be
made
of
the
Shore
.
January
,
Anno.
Dom.
1670-71
.
Sunday
January
1.
Raw
,
cold
,
cloudy
Weather
;
Rain
and
some
Hail
,
the
Wind
at
N.
W.
a
stout
gale
,
and
a
great
Sea
:
I
was
much
afraid
that
I
should
lose
my
Main-mast
,
it
fetched
such
way
,
and
broke
the
spikes
that
fastned
the
Fetches
with
working
.
I
steered
S.
S.
W.
to
ease
the
Ship
from
rolling
what
I
could
.
After
several
Courses
made
from
Saturday
Noon
till
to
day
Noon
,
I
make
the
true
Course
to
be
South
39
d.
00
m.
Westerly
,
and
distance
,
sailed
105
Miles
,
and
departure
West
66
Miles
,
and
difference
of
Longitude
101
d.
37
m.
4
tenths
:
difference
of
Latitude
1
d.
22
m.
3
tenths
:
Latitude
by
Account
47
d.
47
m.
South
.
Wednesday
January
4.
Indifferent
fair
Weather
,
the
Wind
at
North-west
,
and
sometimes
at
W.
N.
W.
a
fine
gale
:
I
kept
on
my
Course
South
.
Some
Porpus
Fishes
seen
to
day
,
and
some
Whales
and
Sea-Fowl
:
many
little
Peterels
.
This
Morning
I
took
the
Suns
Amplitude
,
and
I
find
the
Compass
to
have
10
Degrees
28
Minutes
variation
Easterly
;
My
Course
made
true
from
Tuesday
Noon
till
to
day
Noon
,
is
South
;
distance
sailed
84
Miles
,
and
the
difference
of
Latitude
is
1
d.
24
m.
8
tent
.
Lat.
by
good
Observation
of
the
Sun
on
the
Meridian
51
d.
31
m.
South
:
Meridian
distance
from
Point-Gallery
,
West
70
leag.
1
mil.
5
ten
.
Longitude
at
Noon
from
Point-Gallery
,
West
4
d.
48
m.
4
ten
.
Longitude
at
Noon
from
the
Lizard
,
West
75
d.
8
m.
4
ten
.
Meridian
distance
from
the
Lizard
,
West
1178
Leagues
,
1
Mile
,
5
Tenths
.
Friday
January
6.
Hasey
,
foggy
Weather
this
Morning
,
the
Wind
at
W.
S.
W.
a
stout
gale
:
I
steered
in
for
to
make
the
four
Islands
,
which
I
called
the
Isles
of
Direction
,
or
to
make
Cape
Desiade
:
My
Course
was
E.
N.
E.
by
my
Compass
,
the
Nights
being
but
short
,
and
light
;
for
the
Moon
was
at
the
full
,
so
that
I
could
see
at
some
time
clear
a
League
before
us
.
At
four
of
the
Clock
this
Morning
,
it
being
fair
day-light
,
I
caused
the
Lead
to
be
cast
forth
,
but
could
not
get
ground
at
eighty
Fathom
:
I
reckon
my self
about
ten
Leagues
from
Cape
Desiade
,
and
on
the
Latitude
of
52
d.
53
m.
South
.
A
little
past
four
of
the
Clock
,
it
cleared
up
on
the
East
Horizon
:
we
looked
well
abroad
,
and
saw
the
four
Isles
,
called
The
Directions
,
which
lie
at
the
Mouth
of
the
Streights
N.
N.
W.
from
Cape
Desiade
,
distance
from
thence
abought
eight
Leagues
.
These
Islands
made
in
four
Hommaccoes
like
Hay-cocks
,
when
I
saw
them
:
they
bear
N.
E.
of
me
,
distant
about
four
Leagues
:
they
lie
in
the
Latitude
of
52
d.
42
m.
and
at
five
of
the
Clock
the
Islands
bore
North
of
me
,
distant
three
Leagues
off
;
I
sounded
,
but
could
not
get
ground
at
70
Fathoms
;
I
saw
Cape
Desiade
;
it
cleared
up
,
for
the
Fog
was
much
on
the
Hills
;
the
Cape
was
E.
S.
E.
of
me
,
distant
near
eight
Leagues
:
the
tops
of
the
ragged
Hills
,
or
rocky
Spires
were
clouded
with
the
flying
Fog
,
so
as
I
could
not
see
the
Cape
sooner
;
for
in
clear
Weather
,
the
Land
at
Cape-pillar
and
Cape
Desiade
may
be
seen
fifteen
or
sixteen
Leagues
,
it
is
so
high
and
ragged
.
I
steered
by
Cape-pillar
East
and
by
South
,
the
Wind
at
West-south-west
,
a
fresh
gale
;
a
great
humming
Sea
ran
here
,
which
came
out
of
the
South-west
;
I
saw
the
Sea
break
upon
broken
ground
,
which
lieth
at
least
four
Leagues
from
the
point
of
Cape
Desiade
West
into
the
Sea
,
and
many
Rocks
that
were
sunk
,
and
prints
of
Rocks
above
Water
,
which
the
Sea
breaketh
terribly
:
these
lie
off
Cape
Desiade
about
two
Leagues
,
and
a
League
,
and
some
not
half
a
Mile
off
,
very
dangerous
.
As
I
came
nearer
the
Streights-mouth
,
I
raised
the
Land
on
the
North-side
by
Cape
Victory
,
and
the
broken
Islands
within
the
Streights
,
which
I
called
Westminster
Isle
;
and
the
Lodgers
Isle
:
they
make
ragged
in
Hillocks
at
the
first
sight
.
At
nine
of
the
Clock
Cape-pillar
bore
South
of
me
,
being
distant
about
a
Mile
and
an
half
from
me
.
No
Tide
or
Current
as
I
could
perceive
,
set
either
in
or
out
of
the
Streights
,
so
as
to
prejudice
Navigation
.
The
difference
of
Longitude
,
East
is
1
d.
39
m.
4
tenths
:
the
Latitude
by
my
Account
now
▪
is
but
52
d.
51
m.
South
:
but
formerly
my
Account
of
the
Latitude
of
this
place
,
was
South
52
d.
58
m.
Meridian
distance
at
9
of
the
Clock
,
from
Point
Gallery
,
West
35
leag.
00
mil.
2/10.
Longitude
at
9
of
the
Clock
,
from
Point
Gallery
,
West
2
deg.
43
min.
●
.
Longitude
at
9
of
the
Clock
,
from
the
Lizard
,
West
73
d.
3
m.
●
.
Meridian
distance
at
9
of
the
Clock
,
from
the
Lizard
,
West
1153
leag.
00
mil.
2/10.
I
find
but
very
little
Tide
or
Current
in
this
Sea
of
Mare
del
Zur
;
for
I
am
but
3
Minutes
of
Longitude
out
of
my
Account
,
in
sailing
between
Cape-gallery
and
Cape-pillar
,
forwards
and
backwards
.
At
any
time
if
you
have
a
desire
to
enter
the
Streights
of
Magellan
at
the
West-mouth
,
it
will
be
safest
in
my
Opinion
,
to
bear
in
for
the
Land
,
in
the
Latitude
of
52
Degrees
,
and
50
Minutes
.
South
,
and
then
you
will
see
the
four
Isles
of
Direction
,
which
lie
before
the
Mouth
of
the
Streights
,
somewhat
toward
the
North-side
;
they
lie
North-north-west
from
Cape-pillar
,
near
eight
Leagues
distant
.
These
Islands
may
be
known
,
for
there
are
but
four
of
them
,
and
they
be
but
of
an
indifferent
height
,
and
but
small
,
and
bare
irregular
Rocks
,
and
they
be
near
together
:
the
Eastermost
Isle
is
near
a
Mile
distant
from
the
other
three
,
and
it
is
peeked
up
like
a
Sugar-loaf
:
the
Sea
breaks
much
on
these
Isles
with
Westerly
Winds
,
&c.
Cape-pillar
is
the
steep
Point
of
Rocks
on
the
South-side
of
the
Streights-mouth
,
at
the
entring
into
the
Streights
:
Cape
Desiade
is
the
Westerly
Point
,
for
it
falleth
off
from
Cape-pillar
near
South-west
,
and
they
are
distant
about
two
Leagues
one
from
another
,
which
is
the
Face
of
the
Lands
between
these
two
Capes
:
for
at
the
Point
of
Cape
Desiade
,
the
Land
on
the
South-side
of
the
Cape
trents
off
to
the
South-south-eastward
,
all
high
ragged
rocky
Mountains
:
what
I
saw
of
it
,
at
the
pitch
of
Cape
Desiade
,
there
lie
many
shatter'd
Rocks
which
are
above
Water
,
and
shew
like
the
Ruins
of
old
Houses
:
and
there
are
ledges
of
Rocks
that
are
sunk
,
which
lie
near
four
Leagues
off
of
the
Cape
,
West
;
the
Sea
breaks
much
on
them
,
and
they
are
dangerous
:
they
lie
in
the
Latitude
of
53
d.
10
m.
South
,
by
my
reckoning
;
I
called
these
Rocks
The
Judges
;
they
are
near
ten
Leagues
distant
South
and
by
West
from
the
Isles
of
Direction
,
so
broad
is
the
first
opening
of
the
Streights
;
for
when
you
can
but
once
see
the
Land
,
to
make
it
,
there
is
no
danger
;
but
a
Stranger
that
should
pass
out
of
the
South-sea
,
and
had
not
passed
the
Streights
before
,
will
find
it
very
difficult
to
pass
the
Streights
from
the
West
to
the
East
;
for
at
the
first
entring
into
it
out
of
the
South-sea
,
as
we
call
it
,
there
are
many
Openings
and
Sounds
on
the
North-side
,
which
seem
fairer
for
a
passage
than
the
Streight
it self
doth
:
therefore
it
is
best
to
keep
the
South-side
,
far
aboard
all
along
from
Cape-pillar
,
which
is
the
point
at
the
Entrance
:
the
Course
will
be
East
and
by
South
for
a
Mile
or
two
,
and
then
East-south-east
,
and
South-east
and
by
East
:
so
the
Channel
lieth
to
Cape
Quade
.
The
North-side
of
the
Streights
from
Cape
Victory
,
all
along
to
the
Eastward
to
Cape
Froward
,
is
all
a
ragged
,
rocky
,
mountainous
,
desolate
Country
;
many
high
rocky
Islands
,
and
small
Rocks
,
and
sucking
Rocks
lie
on
the
North-side
of
the
Streights
,
at
coming
out
of
Mare
del
Zur
,
fifteen
Leagues
in
distance
into
the
Streights
to
the
Eastward
.
There
also
run
great
Sounds
and
Waters
into
the
North-Land
,
which
shew
like
a
passage
more
than
the
Streights
doth
.
There
is
no
safety
for
a
Ship
to
keep
the
North-shore
aboard
in
this
part
;
for
here
lie
so
many
Islands
and
Rocks
,
so
that
if
the
Weather
prove
foggy
and
thick
,
a
Man
may
mistake
the
right
Channel
,
and
steer
in
among
the
broken
Islands
and
Rocks
,
so
far
as
to
endanger
his
Ship
,
if
the
Wind
be
Westerly
,
and
it
is
for
the
most
part
of
the
Winter
there
,
very
thick
and
foggy
.
Here
are
many
Sounds
and
Coves
on
the
North-side
,
between
Cape-Victory
and
Cape
Quad
:
but
how
far
they
run
into
the
Land
,
I
know
not
.
I
wanted
a
Sloop
,
or
some
other
small
Vessel
,
to
discover
those
Sounds
:
and
many
other
places
in
the
Streights
,
which
I
would
gladly
have
seen
.
January
6.
In
Tuesday-bay
and
Island-bay
,
there
grow
thick
shrubby
Bushes
on
the
lower
Land
,
which
have
many
Berries
like
Hurts
growing
on
them
:
these
Bushes
grow
in
a
mossy
loose
Earth
,
which
lieth
four
or
five
Feet
thick
on
the
Rock
;
these
Bushes
will
serve
for
Fuel
:
there
grows
also
long
sedgy
Grass
very
thick
;
many
Geese
and
Ducks
do
make
their
Nests
and
breed
in
it
,
and
other
Sea-Fowl
:
here
are
Ducks
,
white
and
pied
brant-Geese
,
grey
Gulls
,
Sea-Mews
,
Sea-Divers
and
Penguins
on
the
Water
;
I
could
not
see
any
People
now
,
but
some
have
been
there
;
for
I
saw
where
they
had
made
Fires
,
and
an
Arbour
.
Here
are
Muscles
and
Limpets
on
the
Rocks
,
but
as
for
other
Fishes
I
saw
none
.
I
rowed
two
Miles
up
the
Sound
,
and
could
have
gone
farther
,
but
it
rained
so
much
,
and
blew
so
hard
,
as
I
durst
not
be
absent
from
the
Ship
;
the
Water
is
mighty
deep
in
the
Sound
.
At
night
I
got
aboard
,
my
Seamen
were
joyful
to
see
me
,
for
they
were
afraid
that
the
Ship
would
have
broke
loose
in
the
time
of
my
absence
.
Much
Rain
to
Night
,
and
Fogs
,
the
Wind
at
West-south-west
,
a
short
gale
at
Night
;
I
rode
fast
on
the
smooth
Water
,
having
the
Point
on
the
North-west
of
me
:
Here
is
a
great
deal
of
fresh
Water
comes
running
in
streams
down
the
sides
of
the
bare
rocky
Mountains
into
the
salt
Water
;
many
Whales
spouting
to
and
fro
in
these
Bays
and
Sounds
,
and
some
Seals
on
the
Rocks
:
this
part
is
very
desolate
,
and
a
mere
Chaos
,
&c.
At
eight
of
the
Clock
this
Evening
,
I
anchored
before
the
place
called
Batchelors
River
,
in
nine
Fathom
Water
,
clear
sandy
Ground
,
two
Cables
length
from
the
shore
.
Here
is
very
good
clear
sandy-ground
before
the
River
,
and
good
Anchoring
in
six
,
or
seven
,
or
eight
,
or
nine
,
or
ten
,
or
eleven
Fathom
:
a
fine
barth
of
shore
,
and
good
Riding
with
Westerly
Winds
,
and
Northerly
:
the
worst
Wind
is
a
South-Wind
,
for
it
blows
right
on
in
this
Reach
;
but
there
cannot
go
much
Sea
here
;
for
the
Streight
in
this
Reach
is
but
two
Leagues
broad
.
This
Batchelors
River
is
near
five
Leagues
to
the
Eastward
of
Cape
Quade
,
and
two
Leagues
to
the
Eastward
of
St.
Jerom's
Channel
:
on
the
North-side
of
it
,
the
Tide
runs
of
an
indifferent
strength
in
this
place
,
both
Ebb
and
Flood
;
it
sets
in
and
out
of
St.
Jerom's
Channel
,
rising
and
falling
about
eight
or
nine
Feet
perpendicular
:
here
is
not
above
ten
Foot
Water
at
a
High-water
,
at
the
going
in
of
Batchelor's
River
.
This
River
is
a
good
Harbour
for
Barks
and
Sloops
,
or
the
like
.
This
River
lieth
in
a
Valley
,
and
a
fine
Grove
of
green
Trees
grows
on
the
West
Point
:
At
the
entrance
here
is
very
good
fresh
Water
,
and
a
good
place
to
Wood
at
.
The
Indian
People
or
Natives
frequent
this
place
often
;
for
here
are
many
Arbours
,
which
are
their
Houses
:
Calm
Weather
to
Night
,
and
Foggy
;
I
rode
fast
,
the
Ship
being
moored
.
Sunday
January
8.
Calm
Weather
,
and
a
fine
warm
Sun-shine
;
This
Morning
at
Day-light
,
I
went
in
my
Boat
with
twenty
Men
into
Batchelor's
River
,
and
rowed
four
Miles
up
the
Creek
,
or
River
,
which
was
as
far
as
the
Boat
could
go
;
the
Water
being
high
:
the
River
ends
in
a
small
Creek
,
coming
out
of
a
Lake
of
fresh
Water
,
in
a
Valley
amongst
the
Hills
:
we
made
the
Boat
fast
,
and
marched
all
into
the
Land
five
or
six
Miles
,
being
stop'd
from
going
further
,
by
Hills
rising
very
steep
,
and
Mountains
,
and
impenetrable
Woods
:
we
made
several
Fires
,
but
could
not
see
any
sign
of
them
so
far
in
the
Land
.
No
Beast
or
other
Creature
to
be
seen
;
many
small
streams
of
fresh
Water
come
running
from
the
snowy
Mountains
,
with
great
Falls
from
the
steep
Rocks
:
we
looked
in
many
places
of
the
Earth
,
and
in
the
streams
of
Water
for
Gold
,
&c.
but
found
none
,
nor
any
other
Metal
of
Mineral
:
Here
grow
on
the
Bushes
many
small
red
Berries
,
much
like
Hurts
,
very
good
to
eat
;
the
Grass-Land
is
very
loose
and
Boggy
:
the
Rocks
are
a
kind
of
white
Marble
;
the
Trees
like
those
at
Port
Famen
;
here
are
small
Pepper-trees
.
To
Night
I
got
on
Board
;
Calm
Weather
:
I
rode
fast
with
the
Ship
.
Here
ends
Sir
John
Narbrough's
Manuscript
Journal
,
which
we
shall
continue
home
to
England
,
from
the
MS
Diary
,
taken
by
Sir
John's
ingenious
Lieutenant
,
Nathaniel
Pecket
.
Wednesday
January
11.
Fair
Weather
,
Wind
variable
,
from
South-east
to
South-west
.
This
Morning
we
made
the
best
of
our
way
to
get
into
Port
Famen
Here
we
had
Fishes
from
the
Shore
to
Fish
our
Main-mast
:
At
twelve
a
Clock
we
Anchored
in
nine
Fathom
Waaer
.
This
place
afforded
what
we
wanted
,
as
very
good
large
Trees
for
Fishes
:
good
Water
,
good
wild
Fowl
,
good
fish
,
like
Mullets
,
and
large
Smelts
.
here
we
fitted
our
Ships
Masts
,
and
Rigging
as
well
as
we
could
;
Careen'd
her
,
and
filled
our
Casks
with
good
fresh
Water
,
and
took
as
much
Wood
aboard
,
as
we
thought
fit
.
January
16.
Fair
Weather
,
and
little
Wind
,
Westerly
.
This
Morning
the
Lieutenant
was
ordered
to
go
up
with
the
Boat
in
Segars
River
,
as
high
as
he
could
with
convenience
,
and
to
see
for
Indians
:
He
went
up
about
nine
Miles
,
but
could
nor
get
higher
with
the
Boat
,
by
reason
of
the
Trunk-timber
,
and
shoaliness
in
the
Water
.
So
I
landed
,
and
went
up
two
Miles
by
Land
to
see
for
Indians
:
but
I
could
not
see
any
,
not
any
thing
worth
the
Observation
.
How
far
the
River
runs
up
,
I
know
not
,
for
I
saw
not
the
end
of
it
:
so
I
returned
a-board
again
.
January
29.
Fair
Weather
,
and
little
Wind
at
South-west
.
This
Morning
the
Captain
went
over
with
the
Pinnace
to
the
South-shore
to
see
for
Indians
,
and
if
there
were
and
Harbour
for
Shipping
,
short
of
Port
Famen
.
This
day
came
an
Indian
to
the
Point
of
Port
Famen
,
and
made
a
Fire
;
and
I
went
a-shore
to
see
what
he
had
:
but
he
had
neither
Bow
,
nor
Arrow
,
nor
any
thing
else
to
the
value
of
the
Farthing
:
I
would
have
had
him
come
a-board
with
me
,
but
he
would
not
;
as
far
as
I
understood
by
the
Signs
he
made
to
me
,
he
had
been
a
slave
to
some
other
Indians
,
and
had
run
away
from
them
,
and
was
travelling
home
.
Tuesday
January
31.
Fair
Weather
,
Wind
variable
.
This
Evening
the
Captain
came
a-board
again
,
having
been
over
on
the
South-shore
,
to
see
for
an
Harbour
,
but
could
find
none
,
nor
see
any
Indians
.
Saturday
February
4.
Fair
Weather
,
Wind
at
West
by
North.
This
Morning
,
at
four
a
Clock
we
set
Sail
for
Port
Famen
,
and
at
eleven
a
Clock
we
were
short
of
Fresh-water
Bay
;
and
at
six
a
Clock
in
the
Evening
,
we
Anchored
in
twelve
Fathom
Water
,
in
a
fine
sandy
Bay
,
about
four
Leagues
to
the
Northward
of
Freshwater
Bay
.
February
5.
Fair
Weather
,
but
very
much
Wind
,
at
South-west
,
and
West-south-west
.
This
Morning
the
Captain
sent
me
to
Freshwater
Bay
to
see
for
Indians
,
but
I
saw
none
there
,
so
I
returned
again
aboard
.
February
7.
Fair
Weather
,
Wind
Northerly
.
This
Morning
the
Captain
ordered
me
to
take
the
Pinnace
,
and
to
go
along
the
North-shore
,
and
between
Elizabeth's
Island
and
the
Shore
,
to
see
for
Indians
.
In
the
Afternoon
,
it
blew
hard
Northerly
,
that
we
could
not
row
a
head
;
so
I
put
back
into
a
sandy
Bay
,
and
went
a-shore
,
and
stayed
there
all
Night
;
and
in
this
Bay
we
haled
the
same
,
and
got
a
great
many
good
and
large
Smelts
;
Smelts
of
twenty
Inches
long
,
and
eight
Inches
about
.
Wednesday
February
8.
Fair
Weather
,
Wind
West-south-west
.
This
Morning
at
four
a
Clock
,
I
run
down
the
Streights
with
the
Pinnace
,
keeping
the
Norht-shore
a-board
,
and
run
berwixt
it
and
Elizabeth's
Island
,
but
saw
no
Indians
:
yet
saw
several
places
,
where
they
had
been
very
lately
,
and
where
they
had
built
their
Canowes
.
From
Cape
Desiade
to
Elizabeths
Island
,
there
is
Wood
and
fresh
Water
plenty
;
but
from
Elizabeths
Island
,
to
Cape
Virgin-Mary
,
Wood
and
fresh
Water
is
very
scarce
to
come
by
.
This
Afternoon
at
three
a
Clock
,
I
got
a-board
again
,
and
at
four
a
Clock
,
we
came
to
an
Anchor
in
eight
Fathom
Water
,
black
Sand
;
we
rid
within
a
Mile
of
the
North-shore
:
St.
Georges
,
and
St.
Bartholomew's
Island
were
both
shut
in
one
,
and
they
bore
South-south-east
of
me
;
and
Elizabeths
Island
bore
South
and
by
East
;
And
here
we
rid
with
the
Ship
all
Night
.
February
9.
Fair
Weather
,
Wind
Westerly
.
This
Morning
the
Captain
sent
me
to
see
for
Indians
,
but
I
could
see
none
;
yet
I
fell
with
a
good
Harbour
for
small
Vessels
,
on
the
North-side
,
and
at
the
South-end
of
a
great
deep
Bay
,
thwart
of
Elizabeths
Island
;
the
entrance
of
this
Harbour
is
not
a
Bow-shot
from
side
to
side
:
I
sounded
it
,
and
there
was
twelve
foot
Water
at
a
low
Water
;
but
within
there
was
three
Fathom
Water
,
at
low
Water
:
from
the
entrance
of
this
Harbour
to
the
upper
end
of
it
.
is
about
seven
Miles
;
Here
is
in
this
Harbour
great
stone
of
Geese
and
Ducks
;
and
a-shore
there
is
great
store
of
Heath-berries
,
and
Hicts
,
and
small
Black-berries
,
good
and
well-tasted
;
but
I
saw
no
Indians
,
so
I
returned
a-board
again
;
the
Captain
went
into
another
Harbour
,
a
Mile
to
the
Southward
of
the
second
Narrow
on
the
North-shore
,
and
sounded
,
and
had
four
Fathom
Water
in
it
;
it
is
very
broad
within
,
and
there
is
great
store
of
Sea-Crabs
.
Saturday
February
11.
Fair
Weather
,
Wind
variable
.
This
day
the
Captain
ordered
me
to
go
with
the
Pinnace
,
and
discover
the
North-shore
,
and
if
I
could
with
convenience
discover
some
part
of
the
South
;
and
to
go
to
the
first
Narrow
,
and
there
to
stay
for
the
Ship
;
so
I
went
through
the
second
,
and
landed
on
the
South-side
,
in
a
fine
sandy
Bay
,
or
Cove
,
expecting
to
fall
with
Indians
,
for
I
saw
a
many
Fires
up
in
the
Land
;
I
went
up
about
five
or
six
Miles
,
but
could
see
no
Indians
.
Then
the
Night
coming
on
,
I
returned
again
to
the
Boat
,
and
there
we
pitched
a
Tent
to
lie
in
,
and
lay
all
Night
;
and
at
High-water
we
set
the
same
thwart
a
Pond
of
Water
,
and
there
it
stood
until
Low-water
;
then
we
halled
the
Pond
all
over
,
and
haled
a-shore
about
700
good
and
large
Fish
like
Mullets
.
This
Land
is
very
dry
,
barren
Land
,
and
nothing
to
be
seen
in
it
worth
the
Observation
.
February
12.
Fair
Weather
,
Wind
Northerly
.
This
Morning
I
went
over
to
the
North-shore
,
and
there
I
fell
with
a
fine
sandy
Bay
;
I
sounded
it
,
and
had
6
,
7
,
8
,
9
and
10
Fathom
Water
above
half
a
Mile
from
the
Shore
.
This
Bay
is
between
the
second
Narrow
,
and
Cape
Gregory
;
close
under
Cape
Gregory
;
this
Cape
is
about
five
or
six
Miles
to
the
Eastwards
of
the
second
Narrow
:
here
I
landed
,
the
Winds
being
Northerly
,
a
fresh
gale
,
and
haled
the
Boat
up
dry
;
and
went
up
into
the
Country
to
see
for
Indians
;
but
saw
none
,
and
I
returned
to
the
Boat
again
,
where
we
pitched
our
Tent
,
and
lay
all
Night
.
February
13.
Fair
Weather
,
and
a
fresh
gale
of
Wind
Westerly
.
This
Morning
I
run
all
along
the
North-shore
from
Cape
Gregory
,
to
the
first
Narrow
:
and
I
was
no
sooner
entred
into
the
first
Narrow
,
but
I
saw
three
Anchors
,
which
lay
up
above
High-water
Mark
,
in
a
small
sandy
Cove
:
there
I
landed
,
and
haled
up
the
Boat
;
and
searched
about
to
see
if
we
could
fall
with
any
Guns
,
or
other
Trade
.
One
of
the
Men
found
an
Iron
Commander
for
some
Ships
Poop
:
one
of
those
Anchors
were
twelve
Foot
long
in
the
Shank
,
and
the
other
two
were
eleven
Foot
a
piece
,
and
they
were
all
spanish
Anchors
.
The
Land
here
is
barren
,
dry
Land
,
and
affords
neither
Wood
,
nor
fresh
Water
;
and
for
the
space
of
five
,
or
six
Miles
about
,
the
land
is
full
of
Rats
;
they
have
Holes
in
the
Ground
like
Coney-burroughs
:
their
Food
I
suppose
to
be
Limpet
,
for
there
is
great
store
of
Limpet-shoals
lying
close
to
their
Holes
:
I
saw
no
Indians
here
,
nor
any
thing
worth
Observing
.
Night
coming
on
,
we
here
pitched
our
Tent
,
and
lay
all
Night
;
here
are
very
good
sandy
Bays
on
the
North-side
,
all
the
way
betwixt
the
first
and
second
Narrow
:
for
I
sounded
all
along
as
I
came
down
in
the
Boat
,
and
had
ten
and
twelve
Fathom
Water
,
a
good
Burth
off
.
Tuesday
February
14.
Close
,
hasey
Weather
,
with
some
Rain
,
and
very
much
Wind
Westerly
.
This
Morning
I
saw
the
Ship
coming
down
the
Streights
;
and
after
she
was
through
the
Narrow
,
they
brought
her
to
,
and
I
got
a-board
;
and
we
made
all
the
Sail
we
could
,
and
by
Night
we
got
clear
of
the
Streights
into
the
North-sea
;
and
at
three
a
Clock
Cape
Virgin-Mary
bore
North-west
½
a
Point
Northerly
,
distance
4
Leagues
.
Thursday
February
23.
Fair
Weather
the
Wind
variable
,
from
the
North-north-west
,
to
the
West-north-west
.
This
Evening
at
nine
a
Clock
,
we
came
to
an
Anchor
in
22
Fathom
Water
,
sandy
Ground
on
the
South-part
of
America
,
in
the
Lat.
of
47
d.
16
m.
South
;
and
then
Cape-Blanco
bore
North-north-west
of
me
,
distant
about
six
Leagues
.
February
24.
Fair
Weather
,
and
little
Wind
,
Northerly
.
This
Morning
we
weighed
,
to
go
to
Port
Desire-Bay
,
and
in
the
Evening
at
six
a
Clock
we
Anchored
in
the
Bay
,
in
fourteen
Fathom
Water
.
February
,
25.
Fair
Weather
,
and
a
Fresh
gale
of
Wind
Easterly
.
This
day
the
Long
boat
went
into
Port-Desire
for
fresh-Water
,
but
could
not
fill
above
five
or
six
Puncheons
;
for
there
was
no
more
to
be
had
there
,
and
all
they
brought
aboard
was
brackish
:
Fair
Weather
,
Wind
variable
.
Sunday
February
26.
Fair
Weather
,
and
a
fresh
Wind
at
South-south-west
.
Thiw
Morning
we
set
Sail
from
Port-Desire
,
to
go
for
England
;
and
at
twelve
a
Clock
,
I
was
in
the
Latitude
of
47
deg.
10
m.
South
.
And
then
Cape-Blanco
bore
Northwest
of
me
,
but
not
by
the
Compass
;
for
here
is
a
Point
and
half
variation
Easterly
:
and
at
four
a
Clock
Cape-Blanco
bore
West-north-west
of
me
,
by
the
Compass
,
distance
nine
Miles
,
and
then
we
had
twenty
Fathom
Water
:
but
when
it
bears
West-north-west
from
you
,
and
you
are
8
Miles
off
,
you
will
have
but
ten
Fathom
Water
.
Here
is
very
good
Sounding
al
the
Coast
along
,
from
this
Cape
of
Cape
Virgin-Mary
,
which
lies
in
52
d.
15
m.
South
.
Within
five
Leagues
off
the
Main
,
you
will
have
25
and
30
Fathom
Water
;
and
10
Leagues
off
,
you
will
have
50
,
and
55
Fathom
Water
,
it
is
black
oasie
Sand.
Wednesday
May
17.
The
Weather
fair
.
This
Evening
at
six
a
Clock
,
we
saw
the
Island
of
Saint
Mary
,
one
of
the
Isles
of
Azores
,
it
bore
East-north-east
of
me
,
distant
about
sixteen
Leagues
by
Estimation
:
fair
Weather
,
Wind
at
South-east
.
May
19.
Fair
Weather
,
Wind
Easterly
.
This
Morning
at
seven
a
Clock
,
the
Town
of
Puntelegada
,
upon
the
Island
of
St.
Michaels
,
one
of
the
Isles
of
Azores
,
bore
North
of
me
,
distant
about
two
Miles
;
and
my
Longitude
difference
from
Cape-Blanco
to
this
Town
is
My
Meridian
distance
from
Cape-Blanco
to
this
Town
is
Leagues
,
Miles
,
Tenths
,
Easting
this
Town
,
lying
so
far
to
the
Eastward
of
the
Cape
.
This
day
the
Captain
sent
me
a-shore
to
Puntelegada
,
to
enquire
News
from
England
,
whether
we
had
War
,
or
Peace
with
any
other
Nation
,
or
not
;
and
I
was
informed
by
Mr.
Richard
Nucheuson
,
that
we
had
War
with
none
,
but
the
Argea-Men
.
So
I
returned
a-board
again
,
and
we
made
all
the
Sail
we
could
for
England
.
Tuesday
May
23.
Fair
Weather
,
and
much
Wind
at
North-east
;
our
Provisions
being
almost
done
,
and
but
little
Water
in
the
Ship
;
we
bore
up
to
go
for
Angria
at
the
Tercesas
May
24.
Close
,
hasey
Weather
,
and
a
fresh
gale
of
Wind
at
North-east
and
by
North.
This
Forenoon
we
Anchored
in
Angria-Rode
,
in
sixteen
Fathom
Water
.
Friday
May
26.
Fair
Weather
,
and
little
Wind
at
North-east
.
This
Forenoon
we
set
Sail
out
of
Angria-Rode
,
to
go
for
England
Saturday
June
10.
1671.
It
was
hasey
,
dirty
Weather
,
Wind
at
S.
W.
This
moring
I
saw
Scilly
,
at
seven
a
Clock
;
it
bore
N.
E.
by
N.
of
me
,
distant
about
5
Leagues
;
and
at
six
a
Clock
in
the
Afternoon
the
Lizzard
bore
North
of
me
,
distant
about
3
Leagues
.
Now
,
I
make
my
difference
of
Longitude
,
from
Cape
Blanco
to
the
Lizzard
in
England
,
to
be
60
d.
45
m.
2/10.
and
my
Meridian
distance
is
840
Leagues
;
I
am
so
far
to
the
Eastwards
of
the
Cape
.