DEMETRIUS
.
M
Burghers
sculp
THE
LIFE
OF
DEMETRIUS
POLIORCETES
Rendred
into
English
,
By
JOHN
NALSON
,
LL.
D.
VOLUME
V.
INgenious
men
have
frequently
compared
Arts
and
Learning
to
our
Natural
Senses
;
and
doubtless
they
were
induced
to
do
so
from
that
resemblance
,
which
the
one
hath
to
the
other
in
distinguishing
between
different
objects
:
But
still
,
we
must
allow
the
precedence
to
Learning
and
Knowledge
;
for
that
the
highest
attainments
of
sense
,
arrive
only
to
an
Exact
destinguishing
between
mean
and
Common
Objects
,
as
black
and
white
,
sweet
and
bitter
,
hot
and
cold
,
soft
and
hard
,
and
this
too
,
in
an
humble
subserviency
to
the
Understanding
,
to
which
they
make
reports
according
to
the
different
impressions
which
they
do
receive
:
Whereas
skillful
Arts
and
Sciences
,
having
the
more
elevated
advantages
of
Inquiry
and
Reasoning
,
do
not
only
enable
us
to
know
what
is
most
agreeable
,
but
by
a
prudent
foresight
to
abstain
from
what
is
Evil
,
and
prevent
what
may
be
dangerous
.
Thus
the
Wise
Physician
comes
by
his
successful
Art
,
not
only
to
understand
how
to
combat
a
present
Distemper
;
but
to
secure
the
Health
of
his
Patients
for
the
future
;
and
the
artful
Musician
does
not
only
know
how
to
avoid
ungrateful
discords
,
but
even
from
those
disagreeing
Notes
to
compound
a
wondrous
Harmony
.
But
above
all
,
Temperance
,
Justice
and
Prudence
,
the
noblest
of
all
the
Moral
Virtues
,
do
not
only
assist
us
with
the
knowledge
of
what
is
Honourable
,
Just
and
Good
,
but
give
us
the
Reverse
of
the
contrary
Vices
,
which
ought
to
be
avoided
,
as
dishonest
,
unjust
,
and
altogether
disadvantageous
to
us
:
and
even
this
sort
of
knowledge
of
what
is
evil
,
is
so
necessary
to
the
Prudent
conduct
of
humane
Life
,
that
without
it
,
there
would
be
no
glory
or
vertue
in
abandoning
those
evils
which
we
did
not
know
;
since
otherways
it
must
be
attributed
to
the
stupid
simplicity
of
ignorant
Chance
,
and
not
to
a
wise
and
prudent
Choice
.
It
was
for
this
Reason
,
that
the
ancient
Spartans
were
used
in
their
most
celebrated
festivals
and
entertainments
,
to
load
their
[
](A55206-e1720-b)*
*
Ilotas
slaves
with
prodigal
glasses
,
and
then
expose
those
drunken
miserables
to
the
publique
view
;
that
so
,
the
young
Gentlemen
of
the
City
seeing
the
deformity
,
and
antick
dresses
into
which
that
transforming
Vice
degrades
Humane
Nature
,
they
might
at
the
expence
of
those
poor
wretches
,
imprint
an
early
aversion
to
debauchery
,
in
their
tender
minds
.
And
tho'
possibly
it
is
but
an
indifferent
method
,
nor
very
consistent
with
Humanity
,
to
chastise
vice
in
one
,
by
forcing
it
upon
another
,
yet
it
will
not
be
unacceptable
,
amidst
the
great
variety
of
examples
in
this
Book
,
to
expose
to
the
view
of
the
World
,
some
pairs
of
noble
Lives
,
who
being
advanced
in
the
triumphant
Chariot
of
Sovereign
Authority
,
have
,
by
their
own
inconsiderate
folly
and
imprudence
,
tumbled
from
the
height
of
Fortune
into
great
extremities
;
and
thereby
have
made
themselves
great
examples
of
the
Impotence
and
danger
of
great
vices
,
even
in
the
greatest
Men.
There
is
a
strange
pleasure
in
variety
,
but
yet
I
must
averr
,
That
my
design
is
not
only
to
divert
the
Fancy
of
the
Reader
,
by
shewing
diversity
of
curious
Figures
,
but
to
advantage
him
in
the
management
of
his
own
Affairs
;
to
which
nothing
can
contribute
more
,
than
the
easy
way
of
being
wife
and
Vertuous
at
the
expence
of
other
Mens
Misfortunes
;
for
as
Ismenias
,
the
fam'd
Theban
Artist
,
was
wont
to
shew
his
Scholars
both
the
most
excellent
Masters
in
Musick
and
the
veriest
Bunglers
in
the
Science
,
that
so
they
might
imitate
the
one
,
and
despise
the
other
;
and
Antigenidas
was
used
to
say
,
that
such
young
Gentlemen
as
applied
themselves
to
the
attaining
skill
in
Musick
,
would
be
more
encouraged
in
their
Industry
by
the
pleasure
they
received
from
hearing
sprightly
Airs
and
Composures
,
after
they
had
been
first
tired
with
the
dull
entertainments
of
Common
and
unskillful
Musicians
;
so
it
appears
highly
reasonable
,
that
the
examples
of
those
Lives
,
whose
Vices
and
Follies
have
deservedly
exposed
them
to
the
Censure
of
the
whole
vertuous
World
,
should
raise
in
us
a
Noble
Emulation
to
imitate
the
glories
of
such
others
,
as
were
the
illustrious
Characters
of
Great
and
Good
.
For
this
Reason
,
this
Volume
presents
the
Reader
with
the
Lives
of
Demetrius
[
](A55206-e1780-b)*
*
A
stormer
of
Cities
.
Expugnator
Vrbium
.
Poliorcetes
,
and
Antonius
the
Triumvir
:
Two
Persons
who
have
abundantly
justified
the
opinion
of
the
Divine
Plato
,
that
great
Minds
are
apt
to
produce
great
vertues
,
and
no
less
vices
:
And
that
they
may
not
seem
unequally
Paired
,
these
two
great
Persons
were
equally
Amorous
and
Intemperate
,
Warlike
and
Munificent
,
Sumptuous
in
their
way
of
Living
,
and
haughty
in
their
enterprizes
and
undertakings
:
Nor
did
Fortune
seem
to
make
any
great
disparity
in
their
Destinies
,
for
as
during
the
whole
course
of
their
Lives
,
they
were
many
times
glorious
and
triumphant
Victors
;
so
were
they
also
miferably
vanquished
;
at
one
time
they
got
much
,
at
another
they
were
forced
to
abandon
all
:
sometimes
they
were
tumbled
down
from
the
top
of
their
glory
,
beyond
even
the
Hope
of
almost
a
possible
recovery
,
and
on
the
sudden
,
beyond
the
expectancy
of
Imagination
,
raised
again
to
their
former
Dignity
and
Dominions
:
nor
were
the
Fatal
periods
of
their
Lives
without
a
Resemblance
,
the
one
ending
his
unfortunate
days
in
a
deplorable
captivity
,
and
the
other
,
to
avoid
that
lingring
misfortune
,
taking
Sanctuary
in
the
Cold
embraces
of
a
voluntary
Death
.
Antigonus
had
by
his
Lady
Stratonice
,
the
beautiful
daughter
of
Correus
,
two
Sons
,
the
one
after
the
Name
of
his
Uncle
he
called
Demetrius
,
the
other
carried
the
name
of
his
Grandfather
Philip
,
and
died
young
.
This
is
the
most
authentick
Account
,
although
some
have
reported
,
that
Demetrius
was
not
the
Son
of
Antigonus
,
but
of
his
Brother
;
and
that
his
own
Father
dying
young
and
his
mother
being
afterwards
married
to
Antigonus
,
he
was
pleased
to
adopt
him
his
Son
.
Demetrius
,
who
was
one
of
the
goodliest
The
Description
of
Prince
Demetrius
.
Princes
of
the
World
,
tho'
he
was
not
altogether
so
tall
as
his
Father
Antigonus
,
yet
he
was
of
the
largest
proportion
of
men
;
but
withal
he
had
a
Face
so
delicate
and
exact
,
that
the
most
curious
Painter
or
Graver
,
was
not
able
to
form
any
Idea
,
out
of
his
own
Imagination
,
comparable
to
those
sweetnesses
,
which
every
feature
of
his
inimitable
Face
had
only
peculiar
to
it self
:
there
was
something
,
one
knows
not
how
to
express
it
,
so
soft
,
and
yet
so
fierce
,
that
it
did
at
the
same
time
appear
both
charmingly
tender
,
and
Imperiously
astonishing
;
challenging
both
an
irresistible
,
veneration
,
and
a
passionate
kindness
;
such
a
mixture
of
Majesty
,
Youth
,
beauty
and
vivacity
,
as
gave
him
one
of
the
most
August
and
Noble
Airs
in
the
World
.
Nor
did
his
outward
adornments
at
all
contradict
the
inward
Inclinations
of
his
nature
,
for
there
was
no
person
who
had
so
great
an
Art
to
render
himself
both
lov'd
and
fear'd
;
for
as
he
was
the
most
easie
and
agreeable
person
in
his
conversation
,
the
most
splendid
in
his
entertainments
,
and
in
short
,
one
who
indulged
himself
and
his
friends
the
utmost
liberty
and
freedoms
in
the
enjoyment
of
his
pleasures
,
so
was
he
,
of
all
the
Princes
of
his
age
,
the
most
vigilant
,
dexterous
,
and
addressful
in
the
prosecution
of
his
martial
affairs
;
so
that
his
whole
life
seemed
divided
between
the
Love
of
pleasure
and
glory
;
herein
proposing
to
himself
the
example
of
Bacchus
,
the
Divinity
he
chiefly
adored
,
equally
famous
for
his
successful
achievements
in
the
time
of
Action
,
and
his
luxuriant
gaieties
in
the
Leisure
of
Peace
.
He
was
a
most
passionate
lover
of
his
Father
Antigonus
,
and
the
natural
tenderness
and
deference
which
he
had
for
his
Mother
,
obliged
him
,
for
her
sake
,
to
redouble
that
love
,
which
it
was
evident
was
not
so
much
owing
to
fear
,
or
barely
Duty
,
as
the
more
powerful
ties
of
Choice
and
Inclination
:
Insomuch
that
it
is
reported
,
that
returning
one
day
,
from
hunting
,
he
went
up
immediately
into
the
Apartment
of
Antigonus
,
who
had
newly
given
Audience
to
certain
foreign
Embassadors
,
and
after
he
had
made
his
Obeysance
to
Antigonus
,
who
tenderly
caressed
and
kissed
him
,
he
reposed
himself
upon
one
of
the
chairs
,
still
holding
the
Javelins
in
his
hand
,
which
he
had
brought
with
him
from
the
chace
;
whereupon
Antigonus
,
who
had
just
dispatched
the
Embassadors
,
commanded
them
to
be
again
introduced
,
and
shewing
them
his
Son
in
that
free
posture
and
equipage
,
You
may
,
my
Lords
,
said
he
,
if
you
so
please
,
relate
to
your
Masters
,
above
what
you
have
already
received
in
Commission
,
after
what
manner
of
unjealous
freedom
,
my
Son
and
I
live
together
:
By
this
Action
informing
them
,
that
this
was
no
flender
mark
of
the
power
and
security
of
this
Government
,
where
there
was
so
perfect
a
good
Understanding
between
the
Prince
reigning
and
his
Heir
apparent
;
and
that
whereas
commonly
unsociable
Majesty
is
surrounded
with
Armed
Guards
,
and
inward
jealousies
and
distrusts
,
it
was
the
glory
of
the
Greatest
of
all
the
Successors
of
the
mighty
Alexander
,
that
he
had
the
happiness
to
be
so
perfectly
assured
of
his
son
,
that
he
could
without
difficulty
permit
him
the
freedom
of
coming
thus
Armed
into
his
presence
.
And
to
speak
the
truth
,
among
all
the
Successors
of
Alexander
,
that
of
Antigonus
,
was
the
only
House
,
which
for
many
descents
was
exempted
from
blushing
,
with
the
shedding
of
their
own
Royal
blood
:
and
whereas
in
this
illustrious
Family
,
only
Philip
was
guilty
of
the
death
of
his
son
,
all
the
rest
afforded
frequent
examples
of
Fathers
who
brought
their
Children
,
Husbands
their
wives
,
Children
their
Parents
,
to
untimely
Funerals
;
and
for
the
Brothers
to
dispatch
each
other
was
so
common
,
that
as
Mathematicians
lay
down
to
themselves
certain
first
Principles
,
so
this
was
esteemed
by
them
as
a
Maxim
,
to
assure
themselves
of
the
Royal
Diadem
,
by
sacrificing
their
Brothers
to
the
fears
and
jealousies
of
their
proving
dangerous
Rivals
to
their
Sovereignty
.
But
that
we
may
the
better
understand
the
excellent
temper
of
the
young
Demetrius
,
and
what
just
and
honourable
sentiments
,
even
his
early
years
had
for
his
Friendships
,
we
must
recount
an
odd
adventure
which
passed
betwixt
him
and
Mithridates
the
son
of
Ariobarzanes
;
this
young
Prince
,
who
was
about
the
same
age
with
Demetrius
,
was
educated
in
the
Court
of
Antigonus
;
and
although
he
had
the
Reputation
of
an
innocent
and
undesigning
person
,
yet
could
he
not
avoid
falling
into
the
displeasure
of
Antigonus
,
who
became
The
Dream
of
Antigonus
▪
concerning
Mithridates
.
extreamly
suspicious
of
him
by
reason
of
a
Dream
which
he
had
one
night
concerning
him
;
for
in
his
sleep
,
Imagination
,
which
then
most
abusively
plays
the
wanton
with
us
,
when
she
has
put
all
our
senses
,
the
servants
of
reason
,
into
their
downy
manacles
,
presented
Antigonus
with
this
Fantastique
scene
:
He
thought
himself
in
a
fair
and
spacious
Field
,
where
he
sowed
Golden
seed
,
from
whence
he
saw
a
most
wondrous
crop
of
that
shining
Metal
immediately
to
spring
,
and
successively
to
grow
up
to
that
maturity
to
hang
its
ripened
heads
,
ready
to
bow
to
the
fatal
stroak
of
the
sickle
;
that
shortly
after
,
returning
in
high
expectancy
to
reap
the
tempting
Harvest
,
he
found
it
all
cut
down
,
and
nothing
left
but
chaff
and
stubble
;
whereupon
extreamly
discontented
at
the
unexpected
disappointment
,
he
thought
he
overheard
certain
persons
discoursing
that
it
was
Mithridates
,
who
having
reaped
the
Golden
Harvest
,
was
returned
with
it
into
the
Kingdom
of
Pontus
.
Antigonus
,
strangely
perplexed
with
this
Dream
,
relates
it
to
the
Prince
,
and
having
first
obliged
him
,
by
whatever
was
sacred
,
not
to
discover
his
intention
,
acquaints
him
with
the
Resolution
he
had
taken
against
the
life
of
Mithridates
.
Demetrius
was
most
sensibly
touched
with
this
cruel
resolution
of
Antigonus
against
an
Innocent
Prince
,
his
Familiar
,
his
Confident
,
Companion
,
and
Friend
,
and
not
knowing
how
to
manage
himself
with
Innocence
,
betwixt
his
Friendship
to
the
Prince
,
and
his
promise
to
his
Father
;
but
the
next
morning
Mithridates
coming
according
to
his
custom
to
divert
himself
with
Demetrius
,
he
drew
him
aside
from
the
Company
,
and
without
opening
his
lips
,
with
the
point
of
his
Javelin
he
traced
these
few
words
in
the
Dust
,
obliging
Mithridates
to
read
them
,
fly
instantly
,
and
save
your
Life
,
Dear
Mithridates
,
and
without
further
notice
,
putting
them
out
with
his
foot
,
they
returned
to
their
Company
,
and
pursued
their
accustom'd
Divertisements
and
Sports
.
Mithridates
,
who
was
very
apprehensive
,
easily
perceived
by
this
Artifice
that
something
fatal
was
determined
against
him
by
Antigonus
;
and
therefore
secretly
taking
Post
that
very
Night
,
he
quitted
the
Court
,
and
made
his
Escape
into
Cappadocia
;
where
resolving
to
be
revenged
of
Antigonus
for
this
intended
Perfidy
,
he
immediately
raised
a
numerous
Army
,
and
not
long
after
accomplished
the
Dream
of
Antigonus
,
whom
,
by
the
force
of
his
Armies
,
he
despoiled
of
many
large
Provinces
and
Territories
;
and
by
his
great
successes
Established
the
Royal
House
of
Pontus
:
The
last
of
his
Race
and
Name
,
and
the
eight
in
lineal
succession
from
him
,
being
that
unfortunate
Mithridates
King
of
Pontus
,
whose
destiny
so
lately
made
an
addition
to
the
Triumphs
of
the
irresistible
Roman
Eagles
.
This
may
serve
for
a
specimen
of
the
Early
and
uncommon
Generosity
and
Honour
of
Demetrius
;
but
it
was
not
long
before
his
boyling
youth
,
transported
with
the
ardent
desire
of
Fame
and
Glory
,
met
with
greater
occasions
of
signalizing
his
Courage
and
his
Arms
;
for
as
Empedocles
wittily
observed
,
that
there
was
a
continual
hostility
among
the
four
Elements
which
Compose
the
Universe
,
every
one
of
them
still
combating
with
his
Neighbour
,
and
all
of
them
continually
striving
to
inlarge
the
boundaries
of
their
Empires
;
so
did
it
happen
among
the
potent
Successors
of
the
great
Alexander
,
betwixt
whom
,
especially
those
whose
Dominions
lay
contiguous
,
there
was
an
Eternal
Jealousie
,
and
almost
perpetual
Wars
:
For
Antigonus
,
who
kept
his
Residence
in
the
Metropolis
of
Phrygia
,
being
advertised
that
his
Neighbour
Ptolomy
,
having
passed
from
the
Island
of
Cyprus
,
did
with
a
potent
Army
invade
Syria
,
and
had
reduced
most
of
the
considerable
places
in
that
Country
under
his
Obedience
,
either
by
force
or
Composition
;
he
dispatched
his
Son
Demetrius
,
not
then
much
above
the
Age
of
twenty
two
years
,
at
the
head
of
a
Gallant
Army
,
to
arrest
the
successes
of
the
Victorious
Ptolomy
:
This
was
the
first
time
,
that
he
had
appeared
in
Arms
as
an
Absolute
General
and
Commander
;
and
our
young
Captain
,
whose
heat
was
something
too
disproportionate
to
his
Conduct
,
with
mighty
Eagerness
and
hasty
Marches
,
advances
with
his
Army
to
seek
his
Enemy
?
and
receiving
intelligence
that
Ptolomy
was
with
all
his
Forces
sate
down
before
Gaza
,
he
marched
directly
thither
;
upon
his
approach
Ptolomy
drew
off
his
Army
from
the
Siege
,
being
as
willing
as
Demetrius
was
hasty
to
put
the
matter
to
the
fatal
decision
of
the
Sword
:
But
here
Fortune
,
who
was
betimes
resolved
to
shew
her
instability
,
was
not
at
all
Propitious
to
Demetrius
;
for
after
a
Cruel
Battle
,
which
was
obstinately
maintained
by
Demetrius
with
the
loss
of
five
thousand
of
the
most
Valiant
of
his
Soldiers
,
he
was
compelled
to
resign
the
Victory
and
the
field
to
Ptolomy
,
who
took
,
besides
eight
thousand
Prisoners
,
all
his
Arms
,
Carriages
,
Ammunition
,
and
his
Camp
,
which
was
exceeding
Rich:
Nor
was
it
at
all
strange
,
that
a
young
Prince
of
so
slender
Experience
in
military
affairs
,
should
be
vanquished
by
an
Old
beaten
Captain
in
the
Trade
of
War
,
and
one
trained
up
under
the
Discipline
of
Alexander
,
by
whose
prodigious
Fortune
even
victory
herself
seemed
to
be
overcome
,
and
to
submit
her self
tamely
to
his
conquering
Arms.
However
Ptolomy
,
who
was
as
truly
generous
as
he
was
great
,
made
a
most
honourable
use
of
this
advantage
,
for
he
immediately
returned
all
the
Rich
spoils
of
the
Field
,
together
with
the
inlarged
Prisoners
,
with
this
Complement
to
Demetrius
,
That
he
had
not
combated
with
him
for
Riches
,
but
for
Glory
and
Empire
.
Demetrius
was
infinitely
surprized
at
this
unexpected
generosity
,
and
one
might
see
the
warm
blood
mount
into
his
Face
,
to
be
a
second
time
vanquished
by
this
obliging
civility
of
Ptolomy
,
which
was
more
insupportable
than
what
he
had
suffered
by
his
Arms
,
but
as
soon
as
he
had
a
little
recovered
the
disorder
,
into
which
this
Action
had
put
him
,
May
the
Gods
,
cried
he
,
accord
me
this
only
bounty
,
that
I
may
not
long
be
indebted
to
Ptolomy
,
but
that
it
may
one
day
come
within
my
Power
to
return
him
the
same
Complement
and
favour
,
which
he
hath
now
put
upon
me
.
It
might
well
be
expected
the
disgrace
of
this
disaster
,
to
be
defeated
in
the
very
first
enterprize
of
his
Arms
,
would
have
cooled
the
courage
of
our
young
Warriour
;
and
possibly
few
persons
of
his
Age
,
would
have
been
able
to
support
such
a
notable
Overthrow
,
with
so
much
Temper
:
but
Demetrius
,
who
was
a
very
extraordinary
person
,
demeaned
himself
upon
this
Occasion
even
to
admiration
;
rather
like
an
old
Captain
who
had
been
long
acquainted
which
the
traverses
of
a
capricious
and
inconstant
Fortune
,
than
a
young
and
unexperienced
Prince
:
for
he
set
himself
,
with
all
the
application
imaginable
,
to
provide
Arms
and
Magazines
;
to
rally
his
dispersed
Troops
,
to
reinforce
them
with
Recruits
,
and
to
exercise
his
new
Levies
in
the
discipline
of
War
,
he
strengthned
all
the
considerable
Garrisons
,
and
with
unwearied
deligence
performed
all
the
Duties
of
an
expert
General
,
and
by
his
example
infused
new
Life
and
Courage
into
the
hearts
of
his
Soldiers
,
insomuch
that
they
,
who
before
were
almost
ready
to
present
the
Conqueror
with
the
Keys
of
those
Cities
which
they
were
to
defend
,
now
put
on
Resolutions
,
not
to
part
with
an
inch
of
Ground
,
which
Ptolomy
should
not
purchase
with
the
hazard
of
his
Life
.
When
the
news
of
this
Defeat
was
brought
to
Antigonus
,
he
received
it
without
any
greater
emotion
,
than
saying
,
Ptolomy
has
indeed
got
a
Victory
over
a
Company
of
Youths
,
but
ere
long
he
shall
find
,
that
he
must
combat
with
Men
:
intimating
,
that
shortly
he
would
undertake
the
management
of
the
War
in
his
own
person
.
But
Demetrius
sending
to
beg
the
favour
of
him
,
that
he
might
once
more
throw
the
Dye
of
War
,
and
Command
the
Army
against
Ptolomy
:
Antigonus
who
feared
least
the
disgrace
of
being
denied
,
might
more
abate
the
Courage
of
the
Prince
than
the
loss
of
the
former
Battel
,
sent
him
a
new
Commission
to
execute
the
Office
of
an
absolute
General
.
Not
long
after
Cilles
,
Ptolomy's
Lieutenant
General
,
with
a
powerful
Army
took
the
Field
,
and
looking
upon
Demetrius
,
since
his
last
overthrow
,
as
the
Commander
of
a
baffled
and
half
vanquished
Army
,
he
had
in
his
imagination
driven
him
out
of
Syria
,
before
he
saw
him
:
but
he
quickly
found
himself
deceived
;
for
Demetrius
by
hasty
marches
came
so
unexpectedly
upon
him
,
that
he
surprized
the
General
and
his
Army
,
making
him
,
and
7000
of
the
principal
Officers
and
Soldiers
,
prisoners
of
War
,
before
they
heard
of
any
approaching
Enemy
:
the
whole
Booty
of
the
Camp
,
which
was
very
rich
,
fell
likewise
into
his
hands
;
but
it
was
not
that
which
gave
Demetrius
any
satisfaction
,
comparable
to
the
pleasure
which
he
took
,
when
,
by
this
advantage
,
he
found
himself
in
a
Condition
to
be
generously
revenged
upon
Ptolomy
for
his
last
obliging
courtesie
:
However
,
Demetrius
in
this
affair
was
resolved
to
comport
himself
according
to
his
Duty
,
and
therefore
he
dispatch'd
an
Express
to
Antigonus
to
give
him
an
account
of
this
good
Fortune
,
and
to
receive
his
directions
and
commands
,
how
to
dispose
of
his
Conquest
.
Antigonus
who
was
most
surprizingly
transported
with
Joy
at
this
unexpected
news
,
and
not
less
at
the
Noble
Inclinations
of
his
Son
,
immediately
returned
him
in
Answer
,
that
he
left
him
intirely
at
his
own
Freedom
and
Discretion
,
to
make
what
Use
he
pleased
of
the
Victory
which
he
had
gain'd
.
Demetrius
was
even
ravished
with
contentment
at
his
Commission
,
which
was
so
agreeable
to
his
wishes
;
and
therefore
sending
for
Cilles
,
he
not
only
gave
him
his
own
,
and
the
Liberty
of
all
the
Prisoners
,
but
dismiss'd
them
loaden
which
magnificent
presents
,
and
the
Admiration
of
his
Generosity
;
desiring
Cilles
to
oblige
him
with
carrying
this
Message
to
Ptolomy
,
That
he
made
him
that
small
present
,
in
return
of
the
Favours
he
had
received
from
him
at
Gaza
.
This
defeat
was
so
closely
followed
by
Demetrius
,
that
in
a
little
time
he
obliged
Ptolomy
to
abandon
Syria
;
and
having
resettled
the
affairs
of
that
Province
,
he
hasted
to
return
into
the
Arms
of
his
Father
,
who
then
kept
his
Residence
at
Celene
:
So
soon
as
Antigonus
was
advertised
of
his
approach
,
he
had
not
the
patience
to
attend
the
short
delay
of
his
coming
,
but
with
a
noble
Train
he
immediately
left
the
City
,
and
went
to
meet
the
Prince
;
and
with
what
caresses
and
indearments
such
an
indulgent
Father
entertained
a
Son
so
hopeful
and
promising
,
is
difficult
to
imagine
,
but
impossible
to
express
;
but
he
conducted
him
home
in
great
triumph
,
amidst
a
thousand
acclamations
and
other
signs
of
joy
,
which
seemed
to
be
owing
rather
to
his
safe
return
than
the
prosperous
success
of
his
Arms.
But
it
was
not
long
before
Antigonus
was
forced
to
lose
the
satisfaction
of
his
Conversation
;
being
obliged
to
send
him
to
reduce
the
Nabathean
Arabians
to
their
Obedience
:
and
in
this
Expedition
Demetrius
ran
one
of
the
greatest
hazards
of
his
whole
Life
;
for
the
Wild
Arabs
,
decoyed
him
into
those
parched
Desarts
,
which
afforded
no
manner
of
subsistence
,
nor
so
much
as
a
drop
of
water
to
refresh
his
Army
;
and
having
reduced
him
to
this
extremity
,
they
drew
up
their
forces
to
give
him
Battel
:
But
when
those
barbarous
people
observed
the
courage
and
resolution
of
the
Prince
,
and
that
he
was
so
far
from
being
in
the
least
daunted
at
their
approach
,
that
he
rather
seemed
to
flie
like
a
hungry
Lion
upon
the
prey
,
as
if
he
had
resolved
to
quench
the
thirst
of
his
Soldiers
with
the
blood
of
his
Enemies
,
they
were
so
astonished
,
that
consulting
their
fear
,
they
thought
it
fitter
to
commit
their
safety
to
their
heels
than
hands
,
and
therefore
with
great
precipitation
and
disorder
,
they
quitted
the
field
,
leaving
Demetrius
not
only
possessed
of
the
Victory
,
but
of
a
very
considerable
Booty
,
among
the
rest
700.
Camels
with
all
their
Lading
of
Water
and
other
provisions
,
with
which
he
refreshed
his
Army
,
and
safely
retreated
out
of
that
scorched
Country
,
more
barbarous
than
its
wild
Inhabitants
.
Not
long
after
,
Seleucus
,
whom
Antigonus
had
formerly
chased
out
of
Babylon
,
having
raised
all
the
forces
he
was
able
,
with
his
Army
invested
that
mighty
City
,
and
without
much
resistance
,
made
himself
Master
of
it
,
and
elevated
with
this
success
,
he
pushed
on
his
good
Fortune
,
and
marched
against
the
Countries
next
adjacent
to
Mount
Caucasus
,
and
the
neighbouring
Indies
,
hoping
to
subdue
those
Regions
,
and
range
them
under
his
Dominion
and
Obedience
.
Demetrius
being
advertised
of
this
Expedition
of
Seleucus
,
and
conjecturing
,
that
he
had
left
Mesopotamia
but
flenderly
guarded
in
his
absence
,
he
passed
the
Euphrates
,
with
his
Army
,
with
such
secrecy
and
expedition
,
that
with
his
whole
power
he
had
invested
Babylon
,
before
they
had
heard
of
the
march
of
his
Troops
.
He
immediately
command
an
attacque
to
be
made
upon
one
of
the
Cittadels
,
which
Seleucus
had
raised
for
the
security
of
that
important
place
,
which
was
performed
with
that
vigor
and
resolution
,
that
he
carried
the
Fort
;
but
finding
himself
not
in
a
Condition
to
master
the
City
,
he
left
7000
Men
in
Garrison
in
the
Fortress
,
and
with
the
gross
of
his
army
retreated
homewards
;
but
in
his
return
he
gave
his
Soldiers
the
liberty
to
live
at
descretion
,
who
in
their
march
took
from
the
Inhabitants
of
those
Countries
,
through
which
they
passed
,
whatsoever
they
thought
fit
;
by
which
ill
treatment
of
those
People
,
though
he
did
extreamly
enrich
his
Army
,
yet
he
impoverished
his
own
Reputation
,
and
lost
the
affections
of
those
Countries
,
who
ever
after
,
by
the
ill
usage
they
received
from
Demetrius
,
were
the
more
firmly
devoted
to
the
Obedience
of
Seleucus
,
to
whom
he
seemed
to
yield
the
Title
of
their
Sovereign
,
by
treating
them
like
Enemies
,
and
not
his
own
Subjects
.
In
his
return
having
received
Information
that
Ptolomy
laid
close
Siege
to
the
City
of
Halicarnassus
,
he
marched
directly
thither
and
obliging
him
in
some
disorder
to
decamp
,
and
retire
from
before
it
,
he
delivered
that
City
from
an
imminent
danger
,
and
by
his
Expedition
and
success
in
that
Action
,
brought
a
great
Addition
to
the
Reputation
and
Glory
of
his
Arms.
And
now
Demetrius
,
burning
with
the
ardent
desire
of
Glory
,
had
fixed
his
Designs
upon
an
enterprize
,
which
was
suitable
both
to
his
own
,
and
the
Inclinations
of
his
Father
Antigonus
;
and
that
was
to
break
the
Yoke
of
slavery
,
which
Cassander
and
Ptolomy
had
laid
upon
the
neck
of
the
little
Grecian
Commonwealths
,
and
to
render
those
Countries
Masters
of
their
ancient
Laws
of
Freedom
;
and
certainly
never
any
Princes
undertook
a
War
more
generous
and
brave
,
since
the
only
motive
that
induced
them
to
it
,
was
the
glory
to
restore
their
Freedom
to
the
miserable
Grecians
,
and
that
they
undertook
it
wholly
at
their
own
charges
,
and
with
the
treasure
which
they
had
recovered
from
barbarous
Nations
,
they
attempted
the
assistance
of
the
most
civilized
and
learned
,
tho'
most
oppressed
People
of
the
World
.
To
effect
this
great
Design
,
it
was
resolved
,
at
a
Council
of
War
,
that
the
first
attempt
should
be
made
upon
the
City
of
Athens
;
upon
the
debate
of
which
point
,
when
one
of
the
great
Captains
gave
his
opinion
,
that
if
they
could
make
themselves
Masters
of
that
City
they
ought
to
keep
it
in
their
own
possession
,
for
that
it
would
serve
them
as
a
Bridge
,
over
which
they
might
at
descretion
,
pass
into
the
rest
of
Greece
;
Antigonns
most
generously
as
well
as
prudently
replied
,
that
the
surest
Bridge
to
pass
over
upon
such
an
Enterprize
was
the
Hearts
and
Inclinations
of
the
People
,
which
would
most
assuredly
be
lost
,
if
that
City
were
kept
;
and
that
Athens
being
one
of
the
most
celebrated
Academies
of
the
World
,
one
ought
to
offer
nothing
prejudicial
to
that
Repository
of
Arts
and
Learning
,
if
,
at
least
,
they
consult
their
own
future
reputation
,
which
must
in
time
to
come
be
measured
by
those
accounts
,
which
from
thence
would
be
delivered
to
Posterity
.
Demetrius
,
who
had
raised
a
Fond
of
five
Thousand
Talents
to
defray
the
charges
of
this
War
,
having
with
great
applications
rigged
and
equipped
a
Fleet
of
two
hundred
and
fifty
Gallies
,
he
weighed
Anchor
,
and
the
Wind
standing
fair
,
he
steered
a
direct
course
to
the
City
of
Athens
,
where
at
that
time
Demetrius
Phalereus
who
commanded
as
Deputy
Governor
under
Cassander
,
had
his
residence
,
and
had
placed
a
strong
Garrison
in
the
Fortress
of
Munychea
.
Upon
the
twenty
fifth
of
May
,
the
Wind
freshing
up
into
a
brisque
Gale
,
and
Demetrius
,
who
was
resolved
to
improve
the
Favour
which
Fortune
seemed
to
lend
him
,
by
the
addition
of
Artifice
,
hanging
out
Ptolomy's
Flag
,
bore
directly
in
for
the
Pyraeeum
or
Port
of
the
City
:
The
Centinels
,
who
discryed
the
Fleet
at
some
distance
,
made
no
doubt
but
that
they
were
Friends
,
nor
was
the
Error
discovered
till
it
was
too
late
.
It
may
well
be
imagined
,
that
this
surprize
put
the
Captain
of
Cassander's
Gallies
,
and
the
whole
Garrison
into
such
great
confusions
and
disorders
,
as
usually
happen
upon
such
approaches
of
an
unexpected
Enemy
;
and
while
they
were
preparing
to
make
the
best
defence
and
opposition
,
which
the
suddenness
of
the
Accident
would
permit
,
Demetrius
who
perceived
the
Mouth
of
the
Haven
defenceless
and
open
,
stood
in
directly
into
the
Port
:
as
soon
as
he
was
entred
,
mounting
upon
the
Poop
of
the
Admiral
Gally
,
and
making
a
signal
with
his
hand
,
that
he
had
something
to
say
,
he
caused
a
Herald
with
a
loud
voice
to
make
Proclamation
,
that
he
was
come
thither
with
that
mighty
Fleet
,
by
the
Command
of
his
Father
,
but
with
no
other
Design
than
what
he
prayed
the
Gods
to
prosper
with
success
proportionable
to
his
pious
Intention
,
which
was
to
deliver
them
from
the
oppression
of
Cassander
;
to
chase
out
that
Armed
force
,
by
which
he
held
them
in
a
cruel
Subjection
,
and
to
restore
to
them
the
freedom
of
their
ancient
Laws
and
Government
.
The
People
hearing
this
,
presently
threw
down
their
Arms
,
and
clapping
their
hands
,
with
loud
acclamations
of
Joy
they
immediately
intreated
.
Demetrius
to
land
,
calling
him
their
Deliverer
and
Benefactor
,
and
assuring
him
of
a
Welcome
entertainment
.
This
suddain
revolt
of
the
Citizens
obliged
Phalerius
,
who
saw
it
impossible
to
resist
,
to
send
certain
of
his
Officers
to
Demetrius
,
to
request
from
him
,
upon
his
Surrender
,
honourable
Usage
and
Protection
from
the
outrages
of
the
People
,
who
hated
him
for
Cassander's
sake
,
and
whose
insolences
,
in
this
change
of
his
Fortune
,
he
had
but
too
just
apprehensions
to
be
afraid
of
.
Demetrius
according
to
his
accustomed
Generosity
,
treated
the
Messengers
very
respectfully
,
and
having
an
extraordinary
Veneration
for
the
person
,
and
Vertue
of
Phalerius
,
he
sent
Aristodemus
of
Miletus
,
a
particular
favourite
to
Antigonus
,
back
again
with
the
Messengers
,
to
assure
Phalerius
,
and
those
under
his
command
,
not
only
of
their
Liberty
but
security
,
and
accordingly
he
sent
them
away
with
a
sufficient
convoy
to
the
City
of
Thebes
;
whither
Phalerius
desired
he
might
have
Liberty
to
retire
.
Now
though
Demetrius
had
the
most
passionate
desire
in
the
World
to
view
the
so
much
celebrated
City
of
Athens
,
yet
having
solemnly
Vowed
he
would
not
enter
into
it
,
till
he
had
given
it
entire
Liberty
from
Cassander
,
he
forbore
it
for
the
present
,
and
having
blocked
up
the
Cittadel
of
Munichia
with
a
strong
Rampart
and
deep
Graff
,
he
immediately
weighed
,
and
with
his
Fleet
stood
over
for
Megara
,
where
also
Cassande
had
a
strong
Garrison
,
which
would
if
not
removed
,
prove
an
uneasie
Neighbourhood
to
his
newly
delivered
Athenians
.
Whilest
his
Army
laid
close
Siege
to
Megara
,
Demetrius
understanding
that
Cratesipolis
the
Widow
of
Poliperchon
,
a
Lady
whose
beauty
was
in
greater
Reputation
than
her
Vertue
,
was
at
Patras
,
and
that
as
he
understood
,
she
had
no
Aversion
for
him
,
he
resolved
secretly
to
make
her
a
Visit
;
and
therefore
leaving
the
Siege
,
he
took
only
a
few
light
Horse-men
for
his
Attendants
,
and
went
in
pursuit
of
this
extravagant
Amour
:
And
that
he
might
without
discovery
,
and
with
more
freedom
injoy
the
conversation
of
this
celebrated
beauty
,
he
commanded
his
Retinue
to
Pitch
a
Tent
at
some
distance
from
Patras
,
and
there
to
attend
his
return
,
and
so
with
only
two
or
three
of
his
most
intimate
confidents
,
he
took
his
way
towards
the
City
;
but
whether
by
the
treachery
of
the
Lady
,
or
by
pure
accident
is
uncertain
,
so
it
happened
,
he
fell
into
an
Ambuscade
of
a
party
of
Cassander's
Troops
,
and
was
so
warmly
pursued
,
that
he
was
obliged
by
changing
his
Coat
with
one
of
the
ordinary
Soldiers
,
and
so
disguising
himself
by
the
swiftness
of
his
Horse
to
purchase
a
dishonourable
safety
,
the
just
reward
of
such
an
adventure
,
narrowly
Escaping
being
made
a
Prisoner
to
his
Enemies
,
by
rendring
up
his
Liberty
to
the
charms
of
a
Lascivious
Woman
,
and
an
unjustifiable
Passion
;
the
Party
finding
he
was
too
well
mounted
to
be
taken
,
returned
and
seized
his
Tent
where
they
found
many
curious
presents
intended
for
his
Mistress
,
which
made
another
addition
to
the
loss
of
his
Honour
and
Design
,
tho
a
reward
proportionable
to
the
undertaking
.
But
he
had
better
success
in
his
Wars
than
in
his
Amours
,
for
returning
to
the
Camp
,
he
stormed
the
City
of
Megara
,
but
at
the
request
of
the
Athenians
,
who
had
assisted
him
in
the
Expedition
,
he
would
not
permit
his
Soldiers
to
commit
any
violences
or
spoil
,
but
having
chased
away
the
Garrison
,
he
restored
the
Inhabitants
to
their
freedom
and
laws
,
as
he
had
before
treated
the
Athenians
:
It
happened
that
the
Philosopher
Stilpon
did
at
that
time
reside
near
Megara
,
a
person
of
great
Reputation
for
his
retired
and
contemplative
Life
;
Demetrius
who
had
a
great
Curiosity
to
see
him
,
sent
for
him
,
and
the
Philosopher
being
come
into
the
presence
,
Stilpon
,
said
he
,
I
hope
you
have
received
no
ill
Vsage
;
nor
lost
any
of
your
Goods
by
my
Soldiers
;
my
Lord
,
replyed
he
smartly
,
I
have
not
met
with
any
who
have
thought
knowledge
or
Virtue
so
valuable
as
to
plunder
them
from
me
;
but
it
seems
,
that
upon
the
taking
of
the
City
Demetrius
had
bestowed
Liberty
upon
all
the
Slaves
,
and
among
the
rest
upon
the
only
one
belonging
to
the
poor
Philosopher
;
and
when
he
was
about
to
take
his
leave
,
Demetrius
,
having
Extreamly
caressed
him
,
Well
Stilpon
,
said
he
,
I
leave
your
City
in
perfect
Liberty
and
freedom
;
True
my
Lord
,
answered
he
briskly
,
for
you
have
not
left
us
so
much
as
one
Slave
belonging
to
us
.
Demetrius
returning
from
Megara
immediately
sate
down
before
the
Cittadel
of
Munychia
,
which
in
a
few
days
he
took
by
assault
and
caused
the
fortifications
to
be
demolished
;
and
thus
having
accomplished
his
Design
,
at
the
importunity
of
the
Athenians
,
who
requested
him
to
refresh
himself
after
his
Fatigue
,
he
solemnly
entred
the
City
,
where
causing
the
People
to
be
summoned
,
in
the
Audience
of
a
numerous
Assembly
,
he
publickly
acquainted
them
;
that
he
did
not
only
freely
restore
them
to
the
Liberty
of
their
former
Popular
Government
,
but
would
prevail
with
his
Father
Antigonus
,
to
bestow
upon
them
fifteen
thousand
Measures
of
Wheat
,
and
such
a
proportion
of
Timber
,
as
would
enable
them
to
build
an
hundred
Gallies
for
the
defence
of
their
City
.
In
this
manner
did
the
Athenians
recover
their
Popular
state
,
after
they
had
lost
it
for
the
space
of
fifteen
Years
,
from
the
time
of
the
fatal
War
of
Lamia
,
and
the
unlucky
Battle
before
the
City
of
Cranon
;
after
which
they
had
been
under
a
seeming
Oligarchy
,
but
really
under
the
single
Government
of
Demetrius
Phalerius
the
Deputy
Lieutenant
of
Cassander
.
But
the
excessive
honours
which
the
Athenians
bestowed
upon
their
deliverers
Antigonus
and
Demetrius
,
drew
upon
them
the
envy
of
other
Princes
,
and
an
universal
Jealousie
among
all
their
neighbours
;
for
here
it
was
,
that
by
the
Courtship
of
the
Athenians
,
they
first
took
upon
them
the
Stile
of
Majesty
and
the
Title
of
Kings
,
which
hitherto
they
had
declined
,
as
only
of
right
appertaining
to
the
lineal
descendants
of
Philip
and
Alexander
the
great
,
and
which
the
rest
of
his
Captains
seemed
to
renounce
.
But
so
transported
were
the
Athenians
,
that
with
a
Wild
and
Extravagant
Gratitude
,
they
bestowed
upon
them
not
only
the
Title
of
Kings
,
but
of
their
Tutelary
Deities
and
Deliverers
:
and
to
enhance
the
complement
,
by
a
common
Vote
it
was
decreed
to
change
the
stile
of
the
City
,
which
formerly
named
the
year
according
to
the
Name
of
the
Annual
Magistrate
;
so
that
now
a
Priest
of
the
two
Tutelary
Divinities
,
who
was
to
be
yearly
chosen
,
was
to
have
that
honour
;
and
all
publick
Acts
and
Instruments
were
ordered
to
bear
their
Teste
under
his
Name
.
And
in
the
Ensigns
of
their
City
they
caused
the
Pourtraicts
of
these
two
Princes
to
be
drawn
among
the
rest
of
the
Gods
,
the
Patrons
and
Guardians
of
their
City
.
They
also
caused
an
altar
to
be
erected
and
consecrated
in
the
place
where
Demetrius
first
alighted
from
his
Chariot
,
calling
it
the
Altar
of
the
Descent
of
Demetrius
;
they
added
two
new
Companies
or
Tribes
to
their
former
Number
,
calling
them
after
the
Names
of
those
Princes
Antigonides
and
Demetriades
;
and
to
the
Senate
which
consisted
of
five
hundred
persons
,
fifty
being
chosen
according
to
the
ancient
constitution
,
out
of
every
Tribe
,
they
added
one
hundred
more
out
of
these
two
new
Companies
.
But
the
most
sordid
of
all
their
gross
and
unmanly
flatteries
,
was
the
Decree
proposed
by
Stratocles
,
by
which
it
was
ordained
and
Enacted
,
that
the
Embassadors
,
which
they
should
send
to
Antigonus
and
Demetrius
,
should
have
the
same
stile
and
Character
with
those
which
were
accustomed
to
be
sent
to
Delphos
,
to
consult
the
Oracle
of
the
Pythian
Apollo
,
or
to
Elis
to
the
Olympian
Jupiter
,
to
perform
the
Grecian
Solemnities
,
and
to
make
oblations
for
the
safety
and
preservation
of
their
City
,
whom
they
called
,
the
Embassadors
of
the
Gods
.
This
Stratocles
was
a
person
of
a
most
insolent
and
vicious
temper
,
one
who
had
led
a
lewd
and
dishonest
life
,
not
much
unlike
the
infamous
Cleon
;
for
his
Concubine
one
day
bringing
him
a
dish
of
certain
heads
for
his
Dinner
;
Look
,
said
he
disdainfully
,
I
must
dine
upon
heads
,
which
we
statesmen
play
with
like
Tennis-balls
.
At
another
time
,
when
the
Athenians
received
that
notable
defeat
near
the
Island
of
Amorgos
,
he
hasted
from
the
encounter
,
and
before
the
news
could
arrive
at
the
City
,
having
got
a
Chaplet
of
flowers
upon
his
head
,
he
came
riding
through
the
Ceramique
street
,
with
such
a
shew
of
triumph
,
as
if
the
Athenians
had
been
Conqucrors
,
and
instantly
commanded
all
the
People
to
render
thanks
to
the
Immortal
Gods
,
and
keep
a
solemn
Festival
for
the
happy
Victory
.
But
whilst
they
were
in
the
height
of
their
gaity
and
joy
,
the
Messengers
,
who
had
made
no
hast
to
bring
the
evil
tidings
,
arrived
with
a
true
account
of
the
Disaster
,
and
the
People
being
inraged
that
he
had
thus
imposed
upon
them
,
he
confidently
came
among
them
,
and
made
this
jest
of
the
matter
,
Very
fine
,
said
he
,
and
I
warrant
you
think
you
do
bravely
now
to
be
angry
,
and
to
reproach
me
for
having
made
you
two
Holidays
.
This
was
the
way
of
this
humorist
Stratocles
.
But
that
I
may
allude
to
the
words
of
the
Poet
Aristophanes
,
Such
strange
excess
transported
their
desire
,
They
seemed
even
to
add
a
flame
to
fire
.
For
there
was
another
of
these
audacious
flatterers
,
who
resolving
to
out
shoot
Stratocles
in
his
own
Bow
,
proposed
,
that
it
should
be
decreed
,
that
whensoever
Demetrius
should
honor
their
City
with
his
Royal
presence
,
they
should
treat
him
with
the
same
Ceremonies
and
Honours
,
as
they
were
accustomed
to
pay
to
the
Deities
of
Ceres
and
Bacchus
,
and
that
to
make
his
reception
more
splendid
and
magnificent
,
a
Talent
of
silver
should
be
issued
out
of
the
Exchequer
to
provide
Sacrifices
and
oblations
,
to
be
offered
to
this
new
Divinity
.
In
short
,
they
strained
their
invention
to
that
degree
of
extravagance
,
that
they
changed
the
name
of
the
Month
of
[
](A55206-e4440-b)*
*
January
.
Munychion
,
and
called
it
Demetrian
,
and
the
Festivals
of
Bacchus
,
which
used
to
be
celebrated
upon
the
last
day
of
that
Month
by
the
name
of
Dionysia
,
they
altered
into
the
name
of
Demetria
.
But
the
incensed
Deities
soon
manifested
their
displeasure
at
these
sacrilegious
flatteries
,
by
divers
uncommon
presages
and
Prodigies
,
for
as
they
were
in
a
pompous
Procession
,
carrying
the
Banner
in
which
the
Images
of
Antigonus
and
Demetrius
were
painted
,
together
with
those
of
Jupiter
and
Minerva
,
passing
through
the
high
street
,
a
sudden
and
impetuous
Gust
of
wind
tore
the
Banner
from
the
top
to
the
bottom
.
A
strange
crop
of
Poisonous
Hemlock
,
a
weed
formerly
an
absolute
Foreigner
to
that
soil
,
sprung
up
about
the
Altars
which
they
had
erected
to
those
new
Divinities
;
they
were
forced
also
to
intermit
the
solemn
Festivals
of
Bacchus
,
for
that
upon
the
very
day
upon
which
they
used
to
be
annually
celebrated
there
hapned
such
a
severe
and
Rigorous
frost
,
that
not
only
the
Vines
and
Fig
trees
were
all
blasted
,
but
the
very
Wheat
was
perished
with
it
;
which
gave
occasion
to
Philipides
a
declared
Enemy
to
Stratocles
,
to
abuse
him
in
these
Comique
Verses
.
The
man
of
whom
our
blasted
Vines
complain
.
And
the
Torn
Ensign
,
which
the
Gods
disdain
,
Who
did
to
Mortals
Divine
Honours
pay
,
'T
was
he
who
hurt
us
,
not
this
innocent
play
.
This
Philipides
was
a
person
for
whom
King
Lysimachus
had
such
an
extraordinary
Value
,
that
for
his
sake
he
conferred
many
Royal
favours
upon
the
Athenians
,
and
had
such
,
even
a
superstitious
veneration
for
him
,
that
when
he
was
about
to
undertake
any
affair
of
great
Importance
,
he
ever
consulted
first
with
Philipides
,
and
was
used
to
say
,
that
he
always
took
his
very
presence
for
a
lucky
Omen
in
his
enterprizes
.
Nor
was
it
altogether
without
reason
that
he
thus
esteemed
him
,
for
Philipides
was
a
person
of
an
honest
and
divertive
conversation
,
wholly
free
from
the
nauseous
humors
of
the
servile
and
officious
Courtiers
;
and
as
his
humor
was
easie
and
innocent
,
so
was
it
also
gay
and
pleasant
,
as
may
appear
by
this
passage
.
Lysimachus
upon
a
certain
time
being
extreamly
obliged
with
his
diverting
Company
,
demanded
of
him
,
Philipides
,
said
he
,
what
will
you
that
I
should
gratifie
you
withal
,
and
I
will
do
it
?
With
what
your
Majesty
pleases
,
replied
he
,
provided
you
do
not
load
me
with
the
Honor
of
being
of
your
Privy
Council
.
Such
a
person
was
honest
Philipides
,
and
I
therefore
thought
it
not
amiss
to
prefer
the
innocent
Comedian
,
before
this
impious
haranguing
flatterer
Stratocles
.
But
that
which
exceeds
all
the
former
follies
and
flatteries
was
that
of
Dromoclides
of
Sphetus
,
who
when
there
was
a
debate
concerning
sending
to
the
Delphian
Oracle
to
enquire
the
lucky
minute
for
the
Consecration
of
certain
Bucklers
,
he
propounded
in
the
Assembly
,
that
they
should
rather
send
to
consult
the
Oracle
of
Demetrius
;
and
for
the
horrible
rarity
of
the
propositions
,
I
will
repeat
the
very
words
of
the
Decretal
Order
,
which
was
in
these
terms
.
May
it
be
happy
and
propitious
?
The
People
of
Athens
have
decreed
and
ordained
,
that
a
fit
person
shall
be
chosen
among
the
Athenian
Citizens
,
who
shall
be
deputed
to
be
sent
to
our
great
Deliverer
,
and
after
he
hath
duly
performed
the
just
Rites
and
Sacrifices
,
shall
enquire
of
him
,
in
what
most
Religious
and
decent
manner
he
will
please
to
direct
the
Consecration
of
the
Bucklers
;
and
according
to
the
answer
which
his
Oracleship
shall
be
pleased
to
return
,
the
People
shall
be
obliged
to
put
it
in
speedy
execution
.
Thus
did
these
Officious
flatterers
,
with
their
impious
breath
,
blow
up
poor
Demetrius
,
already
crazed
with
his
successes
and
honors
,
almost
into
a
perfect
pleurisie
and
madness
.
Demetrius
,
who
was
naturally
amorous
in
this
interval
of
leisure
from
his
Martial
affairs
,
became
passionately
in
love
with
a
fair
Athenian
Lady
,
whose
name
was
Euridice
:
She
was
descended
of
the
ancient
House
of
Miltiades
,
that
Celebrated
Captain
,
and
had
been
Married
very
young
to
Opheltas
Prince
of
Cyrene
,
but
having
the
misfortune
to
be
divorced
from
him
by
his
untimely
Death
,
she
was
not
able
to
brook
that
Melancholy
Court
,
but
retired
her self
to
Athens
,
whence
Demetrius
,
who
was
as
fortunate
at
storming
the
tender
hearts
of
fair
Ladies
,
as
the
Walls
of
the
most
obstinate
Cities
,
after
a
short
siege
of
Courtship
overcame
the
difficulties
and
aversions
,
with
which
she
defended
her self
against
second
Nuptials
,
and
was
Married
to
her
.
The
Athenians
took
this
Marriage
for
an
extraordinary
favour
done
to
their
City
of
which
the
Lady
was
a
Native
,
when
as
in
truth
it
was
the
effect
of
a
Natural
propension
which
he
had
to
variety
,
for
he
had
many
Wives
at
the
same
time
;
but
among
them
all
Philla
was
the
Lady
to
whom
he
paid
the
most
respect
and
deference
;
she
was
the
Daughter
of
Antipater
,
and
the
Widow
of
Craterus
,
who
while
he
lived
was
of
all
the
Successors
of
Alexander
the
most
beloved
,
and
at
his
death
the
most
universally
lamented
by
the
Macedonians
:
And
for
these
reasons
Antigonus
had
obliged
him
to
Marry
her
,
notwithstanding
the
disparity
of
their
years
,
Demetrius
being
much
younger
than
that
Princess
;
and
when
upon
that
account
he
made
some
difficulty
of
complying
with
his
Father's
pleasure
,
Antigonus
whispered
him
softly
in
his
Ear
this
Couplet
,
alluding
to
those
verses
in
Euripides
.
Let
not
her
years
your
Love
abate
,
But
Marry
where
's
the
best
Estates
.
But
as
it
frequently
happens
in
such
unequal
Matches
,
how
much
respect
and
deference
soever
Demetrius
paid
to
her
Birth
,
Quality
and
Fortune
,
Philla
was
never
entirely
possessed
of
his
heart
;
for
besides
several
other
Ladies
whom
he
married
,
he
had
always
many
Mistresses
,
and
was
a
Prince
that
surpassed
all
others
of
his
time
,
in
abandoning
himself
to
the
infamous
slavery
of
his
Passions
,
and
unbounded
pleasures
.
But
he
was
not
so
absolutely
charmed
with
the
soft
Lute
of
Venus
,
but
that
he
had
still
an
Ear
for
the
shrill
Notes
of
Bellona's
Trumpet
;
and
there
happening
at
this
time
a
new
contest
with
King
Ptolomy
,
concerning
the
Island
of
Cyprus
,
Antigonus
sent
for
him
to
command
his
Troops
in
that
expedition
;
his
unwillingness
to
abandon
the
glorious
Enterprize
of
the
deliverance
of
Greece
,
which
he
had
so
fortunately
begun
,
did
for
some
time
struggle
with
his
compliance
to
the
King's
command
;
and
seeing
that
he
could
not
at
present
effect
his
design
by
the
force
of
his
Arms
,
he
attempted
to
accomplish
it
by
cunning
and
Artifice
:
He
sent
therefore
to
Cleonides
,
Ptolomies
Governour
in
Sicyone
and
Corinth
,
and
privately
made
him
very
advantageous
offers
,
if
he
would
only
retire
from
those
places
,
and
leave
them
at
intire
liberty
:
But
Cleonides
disdainfully
rejecting
all
sorts
of
conditions
,
which
might
blemish
his
reputation
with
the
infamy
of
so
base
a
treachery
to
his
Master
,
he
was
for
that
time
forced
to
quit
the
prosecution
of
his
designs
in
favour
of
the
Grecians
,
and
to
apply
himself
to
the
War
with
Ptolomy
:
He
therefore
imbarked
his
Troops
,
and
with
a
mighty
Navy
sailed
directly
to
the
Island
of
Cyprus
,
where
immediately
upon
his
arrival
,
he
fell
upon
Menelaus
the
Brother
of
Ptolomy
,
and
gave
him
a
notable
defeat
.
The
news
of
this
affront
so
inraged
Ptolomy
that
he
came
in
person
with
all
his
Naval
Power
and
Land
forces
,
to
revenge
the
disgrace
of
his
Brother's
overthrow
.
When
both
these
Fleets
were
come
within
sight
,
Ptolomy
having
commanded
his
to
drop
their
Anchors
,
he
sent
this
insolent
Message
to
Demetrius
,
That
if
he
consulted
his
safety
or
honor
,
he
would
take
this
timely
advice
,
and
instantly
retire
,
before
his
whole
Fleet
and
Land
forces
were
come
up
,
for
that
otherwise
he
would
compel
him
to
do
it
with
shame
and
ignominy
.
Demetrius
not
in
the
least
shock'd
by
these
impotent
Menaces
,
returned
him
an
answer
more
civil
in
appearance
,
but
not
less
high
and
daring
.
You
may
acquaint
Ptolomy
,
said
he
to
the
Messengers
,
that
I
will
do
him
the
favour
to
permit
him
to
escape
,
if
he
will
oblige
himself
upon
his
honor
,
to
withdraw
his
Garrisons
from
Sicyone
and
Corinth
,
and
make
those
Cities
possessors
of
their
own
Freedom
.
The
contest
between
these
two
potent
Princes
,
and
the
issue
of
this
War
was
such
,
as
had
not
only
a
single
influence
upon
themselves
,
but
must
draw
after
it
the
interests
of
many
other
Princes
and
Sovereign
Lords
;
for
it
was
apparent
that
he
upon
whom
victory
should
incline
to
bestow
her
Lawrels
,
would
thereby
become
not
only
Master
of
the
Kingdoms
of
Cyprus
and
Syria
,
but
most
undoubtedly
the
most
Potent
and
formidable
Monarch
of
all
the
Successors
of
Alexander
.
The
Fleets
had
not
long
lain
within
view
of
one
another
,
but
that
Ptolomy
resolving
to
put
it
to
the
issue
of
a
Combat
,
and
in
order
thereunto
,
having
Commanded
Menelaus
,
who
lay
in
the
Port
of
Salamine
with
sixty
Gallies
,
that
in
the
heat
of
the
Engagement
he
should
attack
the
Rear
of
Demetrius
his
fleet
,
he
instantly
weighed
,
and
with
all
the
force
of
sails
,
and
Oars
he
assailed
Demetrius
with
a
fleet
of
one
hundred
Gallies
,
excellently
well
manned
and
appointed
for
the
Combat
.
But
Demetrius
,
who
apprehended
his
design
,
commanded
ten
of
his
Gallies
to
row
up
to
the
very
mouth
of
the
Haven
of
Salamine
,
and
there
to
place
themselves
so
advantageously
,
that
Menelaus
could
neither
come
out
with
his
fleet
,
nor
be
able
to
combat
them
,
but
upon
equal
numbers
;
and
after
this
,
having
ranged
his
Land-Army
upon
the
shoar
,
he
advanced
to
meet
Ptolomy
with
180
Gallies
;
and
attacked
him
with
such
a
furious
impetuosity
,
that
in
a
little
time
he
forced
him
with
only
eight
of
the
lightest
and
most
nimble
Sailers
in
his
Fleet
,
to
save
himself
by
flight
;
leaving
Demetrius
in
so
entire
a
possession
of
the
Victory
,
that
70
of
his
stoutest
Gallies
were
taken
,
and
the
rest
sunk
,
together
with
all
the
Sea-men
,
Souldiers
,
Victuallers
,
and
the
Gallions
,
which
carried
his
Women
,
Friends
,
Officers
,
and
principal
Servants
,
his
Treasure
,
and
all
the
Engines
and
Ammunition
which
he
had
provided
for
the
War
.
Among
the
number
of
those
whom
Fortune
by
that
Victory
made
Prisoners
to
Demetrius
,
the
celebrated
Lamia
chanced
to
be
one
;
a
Lady
,
whose
Beauty
,
admirable
Skill
upon
the
Lute
,
and
charming
Voice
had
rendred
her
extreamly
admired
;
and
after
she
began
to
entertain
much
Courtship
,
she
still
increased
in
that
infamous
kind
of
Fame
;
and
although
she
was
now
past
the
Meridian-Glories
of
her
Beauty
,
yet
had
she
something
so
agreeable
in
her
Humour
and
Conversation
,
that
Demetrius
quickly
exchanged
his
Liberty
with
her
,
and
became
a
Prisoner
to
her
Charms
,
to
that
degree
,
as
that
it
was
said
,
All
other
Ladies
were
amorous
of
Demetrius
,
but
Demetrius
was
amorous
only
of
Lamia
.
After
the
gaining
of
this
signal
Victory
,
Demetri●n
came
before
Salamine
;
and
Menelaus
,
upon
his
first
Approach
,
being
unable
to
make
any
considerable
resistance
,
surrendred
himself
and
all
his
Fleet
,
together
with
twelve
hundred
Horse
,
and
twelve
thousand
Foot
,
with
all
their
Arms
and
Ammunition
:
But
that
which
added
to
the
Glory
of
this
Victory
,
was
the
generous
deportment
of
Demetrius
to
the
vanquished
;
for
aster
he
had
given
honourable
Funerals
to
the
Dead
,
he
bestowed
Liberty
upon
the
Living
;
and
that
he
might
not
forget
his
flattering
Athenians
,
he
sent
them
,
as
a
Present
,
compleat
Arms
for
twelve
hundred
Men.
To
carry
this
happy
News
,
Aristodemus
of
Miletus
,
the
most
affected
Flatterer
belonging
to
the
Court
,
was
dispatched
to
Antigonus
;
and
he
,
to
enhaunce
the
welcome
Message
,
was
resolved
to
raise
the
expectation
of
Antigonus
to
the
highest
Pitch
,
by
delaying
his
satisfaction
to
the
latest
moment
:
He
therefore
commanded
the
Frigat
,
which
transported
him
,
to
come
to
an
Anchor
in
the
Road
;
and
having
ordered
all
the
Ship's-Crew
to
remain
aboard
,
he
took
the
Long-Boat
,
and
was
set
ashore
alone
:
One
may
well
imagine
the
King
was
in
great
pain
to
know
the
Issue
of
this
Encounter
,
and
when
he
was
informed
,
that
Aristodemus
was
coming
all
alone
,
it
put
him
into
strange
Inquietudes
and
Disorders
,
lest
he
should
be
charged
with
some
fatal
Tidings
;
his
impatience
growing
importunate
,
he
sent
one
Messenger
after
another
,
to
enquire
what
news
;
but
Aristodemus
,
walking
very
gravely
,
and
with
a
settled
Countenance
,
without
making
any
Answer
,
still
marched
on
softly
towards
the
Palace
:
Antigonus
,
who
could
not
divine
the
meaning
of
this
Delay
,
and
no
longer
able
to
support
the
eagerness
of
his
expectations
,
descended
to
the
Gate
of
the
Palace
,
followed
by
a
Train
of
inquisitive
Courtiers
,
and
trembling
,
betwixt
the
uneasie
Combat
of
the
Passions
of
Hope
and
Fear
,
he
advanced
to
meet
this
Fantastick
Envoy
;
as
soon
as
Aristodemus
saw
him
within
hearing
,
stretching
out
his
Hands
,
he
accosted
him
with
this
loud
Exclamation
,
Royal
Sir
,
said
he
,
Rejoyce
!
We
have
gloriously
vanquished
Ptolomy
,
We
are
absolute
Masters
of
Cyprus
,
and
have
taken
above
sixteen
thousand
Prisoners
.
To
which
,
Antigonus
coldly
replied
,
Welcome
Aristodemus
,
with
your
good
News
;
but
truly
since
you
have
made
us
purchase
it
at
so
enhaunced
a
price
of
Expectation
,
you
must
e'en
be
content
to
be
paid
in
your
own
Coin
,
and
languish
in
the
long
expectancy
of
a
slow
Reward
.
The
Courtiers
,
who
were
extasied
with
this
good
News
,
taking
a
sudden
Limit
from
this
Appellation
of
Aristodemus
,
in
great
Pomp
proclaimed
Antigonus
and
Demetrius
Kings
,
and
immediately
placed
a
Diadem
upon
the
Head
of
Antigonus
,
who
sent
a
rich
Crown
also
to
his
Son
;
the
Superscription
of
the
Letter
which
accompanied
it
,
being
,
To
the
most
excellent
Majesty
of
King
Demetrius
.
This
News
arriving
in
Egypt
,
that
they
might
not
seem
to
be
dejected
with
the
late
Defeat
,
the
Egyptians
also
took
occasion
to
bestow
the
Stile
of
King
upon
Ptolomy
;
and
the
rest
of
the
Successors
of
Alexander
,
resolving
not
to
be
behind-hand
with
them
,
also
assumed
the
Title
of
Kings
:
Lysimachus
taking
at
the
same
time
the
Royal
Diadem
,
and
Seleucus
,
who
had
before
received
it
in
all
Addresses
from
the
barbarous
Nations
,
now
also
took
it
upon
him
in
all
the
Applications
which
were
made
unto
him
from
the
Grecians
:
As
for
Cassander
,
he
still
retained
his
ancient
Stile
in
all
his
Letters
and
publick
Instruments
,
by
leaving
others
,
who
addressed
themselves
unto
him
,
at
liberty
,
whether
they
would
give
him
the
Title
of
King
,
or
wholly
omit
it
.
But
this
new
addition
of
Honour
was
not
confined
only
to
the
Name
of
King
,
or
the
Royal
Ornaments
,
but
seemed
to
inspire
them
with
such
haughty
Sentiments
,
as
in
a
manner
changed
their
very
Natures
,
and
way
of
Living
:
for
now
they
abandoned
the
former
Familiarities
towards
their
Friends
,
and
in
their
very
Mien
,
Gate
,
Salutations
,
and
other
Deportments
,
began
to
affect
a
supercilious
State
,
and
disagreeable
Reservedness
,
and
Affectation
of
Grandeur
;
appearing
rather
like
formal
Actors
upon
a
Theatre
,
than
those
easie
,
free
,
and
obliging
Persons
they
were
before
;
and
to
render
themselves
more
feared
,
they
put
on
with
the
Royal
Habit
,
a
certain
Cruelty
to
their
Subjects
,
to
whom
the
sight
of
Punishments
had
formerly
been
very
rare
and
unfrequent
;
but
throwing
away
the
Vizor
of
Popularity
,
they
now
openly
avowed
themselves
absolute
Sovereigns
.
This
Fear
of
their
displeasure
begot
the
unmanly
vice
of
Flattery
among
their
Followers
,
the
whole
Court
striving
who
should
be
most
forward
in
these
obsequious
and
mean
compliances
with
these
Humours
,
which
,
upon
this
Change
they
had
taken
up
.
Antigonus
extremely
elevated
with
the
Success
of
his
Arms
at
Cyprus
,
under
the
Conduct
of
Demetrius
,
resolved
to
push
on
his
good
Fortune
,
and
in
person
to
lead
the
whole
Power
of
his
Empire
against
King
Ptolomy
by
Land
,
whilst
Demetrius
,
as
Admiral
of
the
Naval
Forces
,
should
coast
along
the
Shoar
,
to
assist
him
by
Sea
,
as
occasion
should
require
.
In
this
Expedition
it
happened
,
that
one
Medius
,
a
great
Captain
in
the
Army
,
had
this
odd
presaging
dream
,
he
thought
he
saw
Antigonus
and
his
whole
Army
running
,
as
if
it
had
been
a
Race
,
that
at
the
first
jumping
off
the
Score
,
they
ran
the
Heat
with
great
vigour
and
swiftness
;
but
that
towards
the
end
of
the
Career
,
he
saw
Antigonus
come
lagging
up
tired
,
and
almost
breathless
,
and
quite
spent
;
and
the
Event
proved
accordingly
;
for
Antigonus
met
with
many
Difficulties
and
Extremities
by
Land
;
and
Demetrius
was
so
shattered
by
foul
weather
at
Sea
,
that
he
●ost
divers
of
his
best
Ships
,
himself
very
narrowly
escaping
a
Shipwrack
;
so
that
all
the
great
expectations
of
this
Campagne
came
just
to
nothing
,
they
being
obliged
to
return
home
without
having
got
any
thing
besides
Losses
and
Disappointments
.
Antigonus
,
though
now
he
was
near
the
Eightieth
Year
of
his
Age
,
yet
seemed
uncapable
of
the
Fatigues
of
War
,
by
the
Bulk
of
his
Body
,
(
which
,
besides
that
it
was
extraordinary
,
was
also
inclined
to
be
corpulent
)
rather
than
by
his
Age
,
which
was
very
green
and
vigorous
at
those
years
;
he
therefore
committed
the
management
of
his
greatest
Affairs
unto
the
Prince
,
whose
Conduct
was
very
admirably
dextrous
in
Military
Matters
;
and
the
old
King
was
induced
to
bear
with
those
excessive
Liberties
,
wherein
he
drowned
himself
in
the
time
of
Peace
,
because
he
observed
him
to
be
the
most
temperate
and
abstemious
Person
in
the
World
in
the
time
of
War
and
Action
.
It
happened
,
that
returning
one
day
from
his
Field-Exercises
,
and
coming
to
the
King
,
as
his
Custom
was
,
to
kiss
him
,
and
doing
it
with
a
little
more
than
usual
warmness
,
What!
I
warrant
you
,
Demetrius
,
said
the
King
smiling
,
you
fansied
you
were
at
the
Lips
of
your
Mistress
Lamia
:
For
she
,
of
all
his
Women
,
had
the
most
entire
possession
of
his
Heart
:
At
another
time
,
having
been
for
several
days
lost
in
a
Debauch
among
his
Companions
,
and
coming
into
the
Presence
,
he
desired
Antigonus
that
his
Majesty
would
excuse
him
that
he
had
not
in
so
long
time
paid
his
Duty
to
him
;
but
the
reason
was
he
had
been
seized
with
so
violent
a
defluxion
of
Rheum
,
that
he
had
been
obliged
to
keep
his
Chamber
.
Well!
replied
the
old
King
,
looking
very
pleasantly
,
I
was
informed
so
by
your
Servants
;
but
pray
,
Demetrius
,
tell
me
,
did
the
Defluxion
come
from
Chios
or
Thassos
?
Alluding
to
the
rich
Wines
that
were
brought
from
those
places
;
and
not
long
after
,
Demetrius
having
given
it
out
,
that
he
was
indisposed
,
Antigonus
had
the
curiosity
to
make
him
a
Visit
:
and
coming
to
his
Apartment
,
out
bolts
a
young
sprightly
[
](A55206-e6190-b)*
*
Hic
&
alibi
mutavi
sexum
,
cum
Plut
archus
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
insinuat
;
quod
scelus
innominandum
&
Christianis
auribus
indignum
existimavi
.
Girl
;
the
King
entring
,
took
a
Seat
by
his
Bed-side
,
and
taking
hold
of
his
hand
,
began
to
feel
his
Pulse
:
Demetrius
,
who
was
at
a
loss
what
excuse
to
make
,
told
him
,
that
he
was
now
much
better
than
he
had
been
,
and
that
he
hoped
his
Fever
had
left
him
.
Yes
,
replied
the
King
very
quick
,
I
verily
believe
it
has
;
for
I
just
now
met
it
at
your
Chamber-Door
.
However
,
Antigonus
did
more
easily
connive
at
these
Vices
,
in
regard
of
the
other
excellent
Qualities
whereof
he
was
possessed
;
and
indeed
,
this
was
the
true
Temper
of
this
Prince
,
that
to
whatever
he
addicted
himself
,
whether
good
or
bad
,
he
resigned
himself
wholly
to
it
for
that
time
;
and
not
after
the
Custom
of
the
Scythians
,
who
,
in
the
midst
of
their
Cups
,
were
wont
to
call
for
their
Arms
,
as
it
were
,
to
awaken
their
Courage
,
ready
to
drop
asleep
with
their
plentiful
Glasses
.
As
for
Demetrius
,
if
he
devoted
himself
to
his
Pleasures
and
Luxury
,
he
abandoned
himself
entirely
to
them
;
and
if
the
Trumpet
sounded
to
Horse
,
he
was
no
less
assiduous
in
the
Fatigues
of
War
;
he
was
,
beyond
all
doubt
,
a
very
great
Captain
,
and
most
notably
dextrous
,
not
only
in
his
Conduct
,
but
in
forming
his
Levies
,
and
raising
an
Army
,
and
in
making
all
the
necessary
Preparations
of
Stores
and
Magazines
,
the
very
Muskles
and
Nerves
of
War
,
which
he
ever
took
care
to
provide
in
great
abundance
.
His
great
Divertisement
was
in
building
Gallies
,
and
inventing
Engines
of
War
;
and
having
naturally
a
Genius
addicted
to
Mechanicks
,
he
did
not
apply
it
to
the
making
of
frivolous
and
unuseful
Toys
,
after
the
humour
of
some
other
Princes
,
who
spent
their
vacant
hours
in
Painting
,
Musick
,
or
Turning
;
as
Aeropus
King
of
Macedon
,
who
took
great
pleasure
in
making
pretty
little
Lamps
and
Tablets
;
or
,
as
Ptolomaeus
Philometor
,
whose
Diversion
was
to
cultivate
Hellebore
,
Henbane
,
Hemlock
,
Aconite
,
Dorichnium
,
and
other
noxious
Plants
,
which
he
used
to
sow
himself
in
the
Royal
Gardens
,
and
with
great
diligence
,
to
gather
the
Seeds
in
their
season
,
the
Fruits
and
Juices
,
and
to
try
Experiments
of
their
Natures
,
Qualities
,
and
Virtues
.
The
Parthian
Kings
employed
themselves
something
better
becoming
their
Dignity
and
Martial
Humour
;
for
their
Diversion
was
to
sharpen
the
Points
of
their
Arrows
,
Darts
,
and
Javelins
.
But
the
Mechanick
Inventions
of
Demetrius
,
though
designed
for
Use
and
Service
,
had
something
noble
and
magnificent
withal
;
and
the
wondrous
contrivance
of
them
was
so
uncommon
,
that
one
might
easily
read
the
Character
of
a
great
Mind
and
extraordinary
Spirit
in
the
Princely
Artifice
;
they
were
such
as
by
their
magnificent
and
costly
Structure
,
bespoke
themselves
the
Products
of
a
Royal
Engineer
,
insomuch
that
they
did
not
less
surprize
his
Friends
with
their
stupendious
Magnificence
,
than
they
did
astonish
his
Enemies
with
their
dreadful
Beauty
;
and
it
is
no
less
pleasant
than
true
,
which
is
related
of
them
,
that
the
very
Enemies
against
whom
they
were
to
be
employed
for
their
destruction
,
could
not
forbear
running
to
gaze
with
admiration
,
upon
his
Gallies
of
five
and
six
ranges
of
Oars
,
as
they
passed
near
their
Coasts
;
and
the
Inhabitants
of
those
Cities
which
were
to
be
besieged
,
and
stormed
by
those
terrible
Engines
,
could
not
forbear
thronging
to
those
Walls
which
they
were
about
to
batter
,
to
satisfie
their
curiosity
with
the
agreeable
prospect
of
those
stately
Machines
,
which
from
their
use
were
called
destroyers
of
Cities
.
And
even
Lysimachus
,
of
all
the
Kings
of
his
time
,
the
greatest
Enemy
of
Demetrius
,
coming
to
raise
the
Siege
of
Solos
in
Cilicia
,
sent
to
desire
the
permission
to
see
his
Gallies
,
and
admirable
Engines
,
which
Demetrius
easily
accorded
him
,
and
having
gratified
his
Curiosity
by
a
full
view
of
them
,
struck
at
once
with
fear
and
admiration
,
he
quitted
the
Place
,
and
his
Design
of
relieving
the
besieged
City
.
The
Rhodians
also
,
whom
he
had
long
besieged
,
and
at
last
reduced
to
composition
,
made
their
humble
Request
,
that
he
would
bestow
some
one
of
these
Engines
upon
them
,
which
they
might
preserve
as
a
Monument
of
his
Puissance
,
and
their
brave
resistance
.
The
Quarrel
betwixt
him
and
the
Rhodians
,
was
upon
the
occasion
of
their
being
Allies
to
Ptolomy
,
whom
they
had
assisted
against
Demetrius
;
and
in
the
Siege
the
greatest
of
all
the
Engines
was
planted
against
their
Walls
;
the
Basis
of
it
was
exactly
square
,
each
side
containing
twenty
four
yards
;
the
height
of
it
was
thirty
three
yards
,
still
from
the
Basis
to
the
Top
growing
narrower
,
something
like
a
Cone
or
Pyramid
;
within
it
were
several
Apartments
or
Chambers
,
which
were
to
be
filled
with
armed
Men
,
and
in
every
Story
or
Apartment
,
the
Front
towards
the
Enemy
had
windows
which
were
to
be
opened
,
in
order
to
their
discharging
their
Shot
and
Arrows
against
the
Besieged
;
but
that
which
was
most
admirable
,
was
,
that
notwithstanding
the
vast
Bigness
of
the
Engine
,
yet
,
when
it
was
moved
,
it
never
so
much
as
once
tottered
,
but
went
upon
the
Basis
with
an
equal
poise
,
making
a
most
dreadful
noise
as
it
was
forced
along
,
and
thereby
gave
both
Wonder
and
Terrour
to
the
Spectators
.
Whilst
Demetrius
was
at
this
Siege
,
there
were
presented
unto
him
two
compleat
Curasses
of
polished
Steel
,
weighing
each
of
them
no
more
than
forty
pounds
,
and
Zoilus
,
who
had
forged
them
,
to
shew
the
excellence
of
their
Temper
,
desired
that
one
of
them
might
be
tried
with
an
Arrow
shot
out
of
one
of
the
Engines
at
no
greater
distance
than
six
and
twenty
yards
;
and
upon
the
experiment
,
it
was
found
,
that
though
the
Dart
did
exactly
hit
the
Curass
,
yet
it
made
no
greater
impression
,
than
such
a
slight
scratch
as
might
be
made
with
the
point
of
a
Style
or
Graver
.
Demetrius
,
who
was
wonderfully
delghted
with
the
Workmanship
,
having
well
rewarded
the
Artificer
,
himself
wore
one
of
them
in
all
his
Encounters
,
and
bestowed
the
other
upon
Alcimus
the
Epirot
,
one
of
the
most
robust
and
gallant
Captains
in
his
Army
:
This
Alcimus
was
one
of
the
strongest
men
in
the
World
;
for
his
compleat
Armor
weighed
sixscore
pound
,
whereas
the
Arms
of
the
ablest
of
the
other
Souldiers
rarely
exceeded
half
that
weight
;
but
notwithstanding
all
his
strength
and
courage
,
no
Armor
was
proof
against
his
ill
Destiny
;
for
in
a
furious
Attack
,
whilst
he
was
gallantly
fighting
,
and
encouraging
his
Souldiers
by
his
example
,
he
was
flain
near
the
Theatre
during
this
Siege
.
The
Rhodians
all
the
time
made
a
brave
Defence
,
in
so
much
that
Demetrius
evidently
saw
he
was
not
to
master
them
without
great
difficulty
and
hazzard
;
nevertheless
he
persisted
in
his
Resolution
to
try
the
last
extremities
:
and
the
rather
,
because
that
the
Rhodians
having
taken
a
Vessel
in
which
there
was
inbarked
certain
rich
Hangings
for
his
Pavilion
,
Apparel
,
and
other
Necessaries
,
as
also
the
Letters
from
the
Princess
Philla
,
who
had
sent
them
to
him
,
they
had
undecently
sent
them
together
with
the
Ship
to
Ptolomy
;
being
herein
far
from
imitating
the
honourable
example
of
the
Athenians
,
who
having
surprized
an
Express
sent
from
King
Philip
their
Enemy
,
they
opened
all
the
Letters
he
was
charged
with
,
excepting
only
those
directed
to
Queen
Olympia
,
which
,
with
great
Civility
they
sent
unbroken
open
to
her
.
Notwithstanding
this
Provocation
,
Demetrius
,
into
whose
power
it
shortly
after
came
to
have
re-paid
the
Affront
,
would
not
suffer
himself
to
be
transported
with
revenge
,
so
as
to
do
a
dishonourable
Action
,
which
he
condemned
in
them
;
for
it
happened
that
the
Design
of
the
City
of
Jalysus
,
which
the
celebrated
Protogenes
had
been
seven
years
painting
,
and
wanted
only
the
finishing
strokes
,
being
surprized
by
his
Souldiers
in
the
Suburbs
of
the
City
,
the
Rhodians
sent
a
Herald
at
Arms
,
to
request
of
him
,
that
he
would
be
pleased
to
spare
that
rare
Piece
of
Art
and
Curiosity
;
Demetrius
sent
them
in
answer
,
that
he
would
as
soon
permit
the
burning
of
the
Picture
of
his
dear
Father
and
King
,
Antigonus
,
as
suffer
the
least
injury
to
be
done
to
such
a
curious
Piece
of
laborious
Skill
and
Beauty
.
And
so
admirable
was
this
Painting
,
that
't
is
said
,
when
Apelles
,
that
fam'd
Master
first
saw
it
,
he
was
so
surprized
,
that
unable
to
stifle
his
admiration
,
he
stood
mute
,
struck
at
once
with
wonder
,
and
a
little
emulation
at
the
beauty
of
the
Work
;
but
recovering
his
transport
and
his
tongue
,
A
most
admirable
and
marvellous
Piece
!
said
he
;
but
yet
here
want
some
of
those
Sweetnesses
and
softning
Touches
which
my
Paintings
have
,
of
which
he
was
wont
to
boast
,
That
he
painted
for
Eternity
.
This
curious
Piece
,
among
many
others
,
was
afterwards
carried
to
Rome
,
where
it
was
consumed
by
an
accidental
Fire
in
that
City
.
Whilst
Demetrius
thus
fruitlesly
maintained
the
Siege
,
and
the
Rhodians
no
less
obstinately
defended
their
City
,
the
Athenian
Ambassadors
came
luckily
to
rescue
his
Reputation
,
by
proposing
an
accommodation
between
them
,
that
so
Demetrius
might
be
at
liberty
to
assist
them
against
Cassander
,
who
had
taken
this
opportunity
to
besiege
the
City
of
Athens
:
In
short
,
a
Peace
was
concluded
,
by
which
the
Rhodians
were
obliged
to
assist
Antigonus
and
Demetrius
against
all
their
Enemies
,
excepting
Ptolomy
the
King
of
Egypt
,
and
so
soon
as
the
Ratifications
were
exchanged
,
Demetrius
with
a
Fleet
of
330
Gallies
,
and
a
great
Land-Army
,
sailed
directly
to
Athens
,
where
he
not
only
presently
dislodged
Cassander
,
but
falling
upon
his
Rear
,
very
much
incommoded
his
Retreat
,
and
pursuing
him
to
the
Straits
of
Thermopylae
,
obliged
him
there
to
a
Battel
,
which
ended
in
the
total
overthrow
of
Cassander's
Army
.
After
this
Victory
,
he
took
in
the
City
of
Heraclea
,
the
Citizens
voluntarily
opening
their
Gates
to
receive
the
Conqueror
;
and
the
Garrison
consisting
of
6000
Macedonians
,
revolted
to
him
,
and
took
Service
under
his
victorious
Ensigns
.
In
his
Return
,
having
given
Liberty
to
all
the
Grecians
on
this
side
the
Straits
of
Thermopylae
;
made
an
Alliance
with
the
Baeotians
,
and
taken
in
the
Cities
of
Cenchrees
,
Phylen
,
and
Panacton
,
in
which
Cassander
had
placed
strong
Garrisons
to
awe
the
Country
into
obedience
,
he
bestowed
them
upon
the
Athenians
;
and
they
,
in
requital
,
though
they
had
before
been
so
profuse
in
bestowing
Honours
upon
him
,
that
one
would
have
thought
they
had
exhausted
all
the
store
of
Invention
,
yet
strained
and
put
their
Wits
upon
the
Rack
,
to
extort
from
them
new
devised
Honours
and
Flatteries
.
They
ordered
him
a
Lodging
behind
Minerva's
Temple
,
in
the
Apartment
of
the
Virgins
,
the
vowed
Votaries
of
that
Goddess
;
upon
which
occasion
some
of
the
Wits
exercised
their
Talent
,
and
took
the
Liberty
to
say
,
That
Minerva
had
got
a
dangerous
Inmate
,
and
that
it
was
not
much
to
the
Reputation
of
her
Virgins
Chastity
to
keep
company
with
Demetrius
,
who
was
not
so
over
strait-laced
in
that
sort
of
Vertue
;
though
it
seems
Antigonus
had
not
given
him
the
Example
;
for
of
him
it
is
reported
,
That
one
time
,
observing
that
his
other
Son
Philip
had
Lodgings
appointed
in
a
House
where
there
were
three
pretty
young
Ladies
,
the
King
,
without
taking
any
notice
to
his
Son
,
sent
for
the
Officer
who
had
taken
up
the
Lodgings
;
to
whom
he
said
,
Pray
,
good
Sir
,
oblige
me
with
removing
my
Son
out
of
those
little
pent
Lodgings
;
for
I
do
not
care
to
have
these
young
People
crouded
one
upon
another
.
As
for
Demetrius
,
he
was
so
far
from
shewing
any
reverence
to
the
Goddess
,
with
whom
he
had
taken
up
his
Quarters
,
and
whose
younger
Brother
he
had
the
vanity
to
have
himself
stiled
,
and
upon
that
score
might
have
paid
her
some
little
decent
respect
,
that
he
gave
himself
up
to
the
most
infamous
Liberties
;
he
debauched
the
young
Women
and
ancient
Matrons
of
the
City
of
Athens
,
to
that
degree
,
as
is
as
little
to
the
Reputation
of
a
modest
Pen
to
relate
,
as
it
was
dishonourable
to
the
City
;
which
may
for
ever
blush
at
those
lascivious
Liberties
in
which
this
dissolute
Prince
,
by
their
servile
compliances
,
was
not
only
permitted
,
but
even
tempted
to
debase
both
theirs
,
and
his
own
Honour
and
Glory
;
in
so
much
,
that
his
Court
seemed
innocent
,
when
he
had
only
Chryseis
,
Lamia
,
Dema
,
Anticyra
,
and
some
other
Ladies
of
common
ill
Fame
,
for
the
Companions
of
his
Revels
.
But
among
such
a
heap
of
Vice
,
there
was
found
one
Jewel
of
severe
Vertue
and
Chastity
,
whose
Name
deserves
to
be
transmitted
to
Posterity
in
the
Records
of
Honour
,
the
young
[
](A55206-e7110-b)*
*
Hic
quoque
mut
avi
sexum
.
Damoclea
;
whose
surpassing
Beauty
gave
her
the
particular
Title
of
the
Fair
Damoclea
.
Demetrius
had
essayed
all
the
ways
of
passionate
Courtship
,
Gifts
,
Threatnings
,
and
Flatteries
,
to
make
himself
a
passage
into
her
Heart
;
but
all
in
vain
:
Nay
,
she
grew
so
weary
of
his
importunate
Addresses
,
and
repeated
Solicitations
,
that
she
declined
all
manner
of
publick
Conversation
,
perfectly
out
of
design
to
avoid
his
disdained
Passion
;
but
going
to
a
private
Bath
,
and
the
lascivious
Prince
being
informed
of
it
,
he
followed
,
and
surprized
her
there
:
In
this
Distress
,
the
innocent
Damoclea
taking
counsel
from
Despair
,
and
resolving
to
secure
her
Honour
,
though
with
the
loss
of
her
Life
,
hastily
throwing
off
the
Cover
of
the
Cauldron
,
she
leap'd
into
the
boiling
Vessel
,
and
by
that
untimely
Fate
,
becoming
a
Martyr
to
her
Vertue
,
purchased
an
Immortality
of
Fame
and
Glory
.
Some
time
after
Demetrius
had
left
Athens
,
Cleonetus
the
Son
of
Cleomedon
,
made
application
to
him
,
by
his
intercession
,
to
procure
that
the
Fine
of
fifty
Talents
,
in
which
his
Father
had
been
condemned
by
the
People
of
Athens
,
might
be
remitted
;
Demetrius
gave
him
Letters
to
that
effect
;
which
,
when
he
had
produced
at
a
common
Counsel
,
it
did
not
only
diminish
his
Reputation
,
but
strangely
shock'd
the
Citizens
;
who
,
though
in
compliance
with
the
Letters
,
they
remitted
the
Fine
,
yet
they
made
an
Edict
,
prohibiting
any
Citizen
for
the
future
to
endeavour
the
obtaining
of
Letters
of
the
like
Tenor
from
Demetrius
;
but
being
informed
,
that
Demetrius
,
to
whom
an
Account
of
it
was
carried
,
resented
it
as
an
high
Indignity
and
Affront
,
and
that
he
gave
out
some
passionate
and
menacing
Words
about
it
,
these
trembling
Flatterers
did
not
only
rescind
and
vacate
the
former
Order
,
but
inhumanely
put
some
of
the
Proposers
and
Advisers
of
it
to
death
,
and
banished
others
;
and
to
make
up
the
Matter
,
it
was
in
a
full
Assembly
enacted
and
decreed
,
That
whatsoever
King
Demetrius
should
in
time
to
come
Ordain
,
should
be
esteemed
sacred
and
inviolable
to
the
Gods
and
to
Men
:
Upon
which
,
when
some
of
the
best
of
the
Citizens
had
said
,
That
certainly
Stratocles
must
be
stark
mad
,
and
out
of
his
wits
to
make
such
a
horrid
and
impious
Decree
,
Demochares
,
the
Laconian
replied
,
That
if
Stratocles
had
not
been
so
mad
,
all
the
World
must
conclude
him
out
of
his
Wits
;
thereby
intimating
what
an
advantageous
Trade
he
made
of
this
impious
and
servile
Flattery
;
But
Demochares
paid
dearly
for
his
Wit
;
for
being
accused
for
it
before
the
Criminal
Judges
,
the
People
,
who
,
as
it
must
needs
be
where
they
govern
,
were
not
able
to
endure
any
thing
less
frantick
than
themselves
,
they
adjudged
this
honest
Man
to
perpetual
Exile
,
for
being
in
his
Senses
,
and
making
an
unseasonable
use
of
his
Wit
and
Reason
:
This
was
the
natural
Result
of
their
new
regained
Liberty
,
and
the
true
Character
of
the
Temper
of
a
Popular
State
,
which
is
only
a
Liberty
for
all
Persons
to
be
Slaves
to
the
wild
,
arbitrary
,
and
extravagant
humors
of
a
giddy
,
rash
,
and
inconstant
multitude
of
Fools
,
managed
by
a
Set
of
more
cunning
Knaves
.
After
this
,
Demetrius
marched
with
his
Forces
into
Peloponnesus
,
where
the
Terrour
of
his
Victories
had
so
benummed
the
Hearts
and
Hands
of
his
Enemies
,
that
not
one
of
them
had
the
courage
to
oppose
the
Torrent
of
his
Arms
;
but
before
his
approach
abandoned
all
the
Towns
and
Garrisons
which
they
were
possessed
of
;
so
that
he
reduced
all
Arcadia
under
his
Obedience
,
except
the
Cities
of
Mantinea
and
Argos
;
he
also
by
composition
had
Sicyon
and
Corinth
surrendred
unto
him
,
paying
to
the
respective
Garrisons
an
hundred
Talents
.
About
this
time
it
happened
that
the
solemn
Festivals
of
Juno
were
to
be
celebrated
with
the
accustomed
Sports
at
Argos
;
and
Demetrius
,
who
was
resolved
by
assisting
at
them
,
to
render
the
Solemnity
more
splendid
and
magnificent
,
at
his
being
there
,
fell
in
love
with
,
and
married
the
fair
Deidamia
,
the
daughter
of
Eacus
,
King
of
the
Molossians
,
and
Sister
to
Pyrrhus
;
which
Nuptials
did
not
a
little
contribute
to
the
heightning
of
those
Solemnities
and
Entertainments
dedicated
to
Juno
,
the
Goddess
of
Marriages
:
At
the
same
time
also
,
he
prevailed
with
the
Sicyonians
to
change
the
Situation
of
their
City
,
to
a
place
far
more
pleasant
and
commodious
,
where
they
built
a
new
one
,
and
complemented
him
with
giving
it
the
Name
of
Demetriada
;
and
in
conclusion
,
his
Affairs
being
conducted
to
this
prosperous
Issue
,
he
summoned
a
general
Assembly
of
the
Grecians
to
meet
him
at
the
Isthmus
in
Peloponnesus
;
where
,
by
an
extraordinary
concourse
of
People
,
he
was
with
an
unanimous
consent
proclaimed
Captain
General
of
the
Greeks
;
as
before
him
Philip
and
Alexander
the
Great
had
been
:
And
being
blown
up
with
the
fresh
Gales
of
his
prosperous
Fortune
,
he
had
the
vanity
to
fansie
himself
not
only
equal
,
but
superiour
to
those
two
famous
and
renowned
Kings
:
In
this
indeed
he
out-did
great
Alexander
himself
,
who
would
never
take
upon
him
the
Title
of
King
of
Kings
,
as
did
Demetrius
,
though
many
Kings
paid
Homage
to
him
;
nor
did
he
ever
go
about
to
lessen
,
or
divest
any
of
them
who
were
his
Tributaries
,
of
the
Stile
of
Kings
;
whereas
Demetrius
used
to
ridicule
all
those
who
gave
the
Title
of
Kings
to
any
of
the
Successors
of
Alexander
,
except
his
Father
and
himself
;
and
in
his
Entertainments
,
it
was
a
common
diversion
with
him
,
after
his
own
and
Father's
had
passed
round
by
the
Name
of
Kings
,
to
drink
the
Healths
of
Seleucus
,
with
the
Title
of
great
Master
of
the
Elephants
;
of
Ptolomy
,
by
the
Name
of
Lord
High
Admiral
;
of
Lysimachus
,
with
the
Addition
of
Lord
Treasurer
;
and
of
Agathocles
,
by
the
Name
of
Governour
of
Sicily
and
the
Islands
.
This
vain
Humour
being
reported
to
these
Princes
,
gave
none
of
them
any
other
emotion
,
than
that
of
deriding
the
insolent
Extravagances
of
Demetrius
;
only
Lysimachus
resented
it
with
deep
indignation
,
it
being
in
effect
,
to
reproach
him
,
as
being
an
Eunuch
;
such
being
usually
then
deputed
to
the
Office
of
Treasurers
;
which
made
Lysimachus
,
who
mortally
hated
him
for
this
Indignity
and
Affront
,
reproach
him
with
his
Amours
to
Lamia
;
of
whom
he
said
,
That
she
was
indeed
a
pretty
Stage-Queen
,
and
acted
her
Part
very
admirably
.
Which
,
when
it
was
told
Demetrius
,
the
Reflection
touching
him
in
a
tender
place
:
Well!
said
he
,
I
would
have
Lysimachus
know
,
that
my
Miss
is
every
whit
as
honest
and
vertuous
as
his
Penelope
.
But
to
proceed
,
Demetrius
being
about
to
return
to
Athens
,
signified
by
his
Letters
to
the
City
,
that
he
had
a
desire
to
be
enrolled
in
the
Fraternity
of
the
Priests
of
Ceres
,
and
his
Request
was
,
That
,
without
attending
the
time
commonly
allotted
from
the
Initials
,
to
the
confirmation
of
those
admitted
into
that
Order
,
he
might
at
once
be
admitted
to
the
usual
Ceremonies
and
Mysteries
which
were
to
be
performed
upon
that
occasion
:
Now
this
was
an
Innovation
absolutely
contrary
to
the
Rules
of
the
Foundation
,
and
a
thing
which
had
never
been
allowed
before
;
for
from
immemorial
Antiquity
the
lesser
Mysteries
were
celebrated
in
the
Month
of
November
,
and
the
great
Solemnity
in
August
following
;
so
that
consequently
none
of
the
Novices
were
admitted
to
the
latter
,
till
they
had
at
least
spent
an
entire
year
in
the
state
of
Probationer
:
Yet
all
this
notwithstanding
,
when
,
in
the
publick
Assembly
,
these
Letters
of
Demetrius
were
produced
and
read
,
there
was
not
one
single
Person
,
who
had
the
courage
to
oppose
them
,
except
Pythodorus
the
Priest
,
who
was
Torch-bearer
in
those
Solemnities
;
but
it
signified
nothing
;
for
Stratocles
,
who
was
always
wickedly
ingenious
,
proposed
as
an
Expedient
,
that
the
Month
of
March
,
then
currant
,
should
by
Edict
be
taken
and
reputed
to
be
the
Month
of
November
;
which
being
as
soon
agreed
as
offered
,
and
Demetrius
thereby
admitted
to
the
lesser
Ceremonies
;
by
another
Vote
,
they
turned
the
same
Month
of
March
into
the
Month
of
August
;
by
which
contrivance
,
Demetrius
was
also
gratified
with
being
an
Actor
in
the
Greater
,
and
admitted
to
the
most
secret
Mysteries
of
that
Solemnity
;
which
gave
the
Comoedian
Philipides
an
occasion
to
exercise
his
Wit
upon
Stratocles
in
this
Couplet
Prodigious
Skill
!
how
strangely
Flatt'ring
Fear
Into
one
Month
hath
crowded
all
the
Tear
.
And
upon
his
having
proposed
,
that
Demetrius
should
lodge
in
the
Temple
of
Minerva
within
the
Castle
,
these
;
Stratocles
thinks
it
is
no
sin
,
To
turn
a
Temple
to
an
Inn
;
Or
with
lewd
wanton
Company
,
To
bless
Minerva's
Chastity
.
Most
certain
it
is
,
that
the
flagitious
Crimes
which
were
then
committed
,
deserved
a
severe
Satyr
.
And
Demetrius
himself
did
in
some
measure
scourge
their
mad
Impiety
by
his
unbounded
Insolencies
;
but
that
which
did
above
all
other
things
regret
the
Athenians
,
was
,
That
having
given
Command
,
that
they
should
with
all
expedition
raise
for
his
Service
two
hundred
and
fifty
Talents
,
and
they
to
comply
with
his
Demands
,
being
forced
to
levy
it
upon
the
People
,
with
the
severity
of
taking
Distresses
;
when
they
presented
him
with
the
Money
,
which
they
had
with
such
difficulty
raised
,
as
if
it
were
a
trifling
Sum
,
he
commanded
it
to
be
given
to
Lamia
,
and
the
rest
of
his
Women
,
to
buy
them
perfumed
Wash-Balls
for
their
Baths
;
by
which
kind
of
Treatment
,
it
is
a
question
,
whether
the
Shame
or
the
Loss
,
the
manner
of
his
contemptuous
Expression
,
or
the
parting
with
their
Money
,
was
the
more
galling
Affliction
to
these
foolish
People
;
tho'
the
Story
is
variously
reported
;
and
some
affirm
,
it
was
the
Thessalians
,
and
not
the
Athenians
,
who
were
thus
treated
by
him
.
But
however
,
this
is
most
certain
,
that
Lamia
squeezed
considerable
Sums
of
Money
from
them
,
upon
pretence
of
making
a
great
Entertainment
for
him
;
and
in
truth
the
Supper
was
of
that
Magnificence
and
Plenty
,
and
managed
with
so
much
Skill
and
pleasing
Variety
,
that
Lynceus
of
Samos
,
who
was
present
at
it
,
thought
it
worth
his
pains
to
write
a
Description
of
it
.
Upon
this
occasion
,
one
of
the
Comical
Wits
of
the
Town
gave
Lamia
the
Name
of
Helepolis
;
saying
,
She
alone
was
an
Engine
sufficient
,
without
the
other
,
to
destroy
a
City
.
And
Demochares
of
Solis
,
gave
Demetrius
the
Appellation
of
Mythos
,
which
signifies
a
Tale
or
Fable
;
because
said
he
,
There
is
never
a
Tale
but
has
its
Witch
or
Lamia
at
the
end
on
't
;
and
Demetrius
has
his
Lamia
too
.
In
short
,
he
was
bewitched
with
this
Woman
to
that
degree
,
as
for
her
sake
,
not
only
to
draw
upon
himself
the
Envy
&
Jealousie
of
all
his
Wives
,
but
the
Hatred
even
of
the
best
of
his
Friends
;
as
appears
by
this
instance
;
Lysimachus
,
shewing
to
the
Ambassadors
of
Demetrius
the
Scars
of
those
Wounds
which
he
had
received
upon
his
Thighs
and
Arms
,
by
the
Paws
of
the
Lion
,
with
which
Alexander
,
in
one
of
his
furious
Humours
had
obliged
him
to
combat
,
they
smiling
,
replied
,
That
the
King
their
Master
was
not
without
his
Scars
,
but
could
shew
upon
his
Neck
the
Marks
of
a
Lamia
,
a
no
less
daugerous
and
furious
Beast
than
that
wi●h
which
he
had
encountered
.
And
if
she
was
not
a
real
Enchantress
,
it
is
very
odd
and
unaccountable
,
that
Demetrius
should
shew
so
great
an
aversion
to
marry
Philla
,
by
reason
of
the
disproportion
of
her
Age
,
when
yet
he
was
so
passionate
of
Lamia
,
who
was
so
far
past
the
Meridian
of
her
Years
,
as
to
stand
in
need
of
other
Charms
besides
those
of
Youth
and
Beauty
;
she
had
indeed
a
delicate
Voice
,
and
most
admirable
Touch
upon
the
Lute
,
with
which
Demetrius
extremely
delighted
;
and
one
Evening
,
after
she
had
entertained
him
with
that
soft
Musick
all
the
time
he
was
at
Supper
,
he
demanded
of
Dema
,
whom
,
for
her
blunt
way
of
speaking
any
thing
to
him
,
they
usually
called
Mad
Dema
;
What
say
you
,
Dema
?
How
seems
she
to
you
now
?
Truly
Sir
,
replied
Dema
,
she
seems
to
me
to
be
an
old
Woman
.
And
Demetrius
,
who
was
resolved
to
pursue
the
Humour
,
looking
very
pleasantly
,
But
,
Dema
,
said
he
,
Do
you
see
these
delicate
Fruits
,
and
what
an
agreeable
Repast
she
had
provided
for
me
this
night
?
At
which
,
Dema
laughing
heartily
,
Very
pleasant
in
troth
!
said
she
,
I
'll
undertake
,
if
you
will
lie
with
my
Grandam
,
she
shall
treat
you
far
better
than
this
comes
to
.
It
is
also
reported
of
this
Lamia
,
how
she
opposed
the
famous
Sentence
of
Bocchoris
,
the
Egyptian
Judge
,
on
this
manner
:
A
certain
young
Spark
,
being
wonderfully
smitten
with
the
Charms
of
a
celebrated
Curtesan
,
whose
Name
was
Thonis
,
the
insatiable
Prostitute
,
thinking
to
make
advantage
of
his
Lascivious
Folly
,
promised
she
would
be
at
his
Service
;
but
withal
,
demanded
so
great
a
Sum
,
as
he
either
was
not
able
,
or
at
least
thought
too
great
a
price
to
purchase
the
Repentance
of
parting
with
it
for
one
Night's
Lodging
:
But
it
seems
his
Imagination
,
which
was
sharp
set
upon
what
he
had
treated
of
in
the
Day
,
presented
him
with
the
possession
of
her
in
a
Dream
;
and
the
Shadow
being
much
cheaper
,
and
possibly
wholesomer
than
the
Substance
,
he
was
contented
to
have
the
Thonis
of
his
own
Fancy
,
and
his
Money
too
.
But
the
confident
Woman
having
heard
the
Story
,
with
the
Effrontery
of
those
unblushing
Brutes
,
commences
a
Suit
against
him
,
and
lays
her
Action
for
so
much
Money
as
she
had
demanded
of
him
;
alledging
,
it
was
but
just
that
she
should
have
satisfaction
,
since
he
confest
he
had
had
his
Bargain
:
Bocchoris
,
who
thought
it
the
greatest
Justice
to
put
an
Affront
upon
such
Confidence
,
advised
the
Youth
,
to
bring
into
the
Court
so
much
Money
as
she
had
demanded
,
and
to
count
it
over
,
so
as
Thonis
might
hear
the
Noise
;
which
being
done
accordingly
,
Mistress
,
said
Bocchoris
,
you
may
go
about
your
Business
if
you
please
,
for
you
are
paid
in
your
own
Coin
,
one
Fancy
being
as
good
as
another
.
But
Lamia
,
who
,
it
seems
,
would
turn
Advocate
for
one
of
her
own
Profession
,
moved
in
Arrest
of
Judgment
,
That
the
Sentence
was
no
way
equal
,
in
regard
,
that
the
desire
which
Thonis
had
to
finger
the
Money
,
was
in
no
sort
satisfied
by
hearing
it
chink
,
but
rather
increased
;
whereas
,
on
the
contrary
,
the
Youth
was
abundantly
satisfied
with
the
enjoyment
of
Thanis
in
the
Entertainment
of
his
amorous
Imaginations
:
But
this
is
sufficient
to
have
related
concerning
Lamia
,
we
must
how
return
to
Demetrius
,
whose
Fortune
,
beginning
to
bend
her
Brows
,
will
conduct
us
from
the
Comical
,
to
the
more
Tragical
Occurrences
,
and
darker
Scenes
of
his
following
Life
.
For
now
all
these
Kings
whom
he
had
disobliged
,
or
who
were
jealous
of
his
growing
Ambition
and
formidable
Power
,
entred
into
a
strong
Confederacy
against
him
and
his
Father
,
King
Antigonus
;
and
assembling
their
united
strength
,
Demetrius
was
constrained
to
abandon
Greece
,
and
to
joyn
with
his
Father
,
to
weather
the
storm
which
was
gathering
from
all
Quarters
,
and
threatned
to
discharge
its
violence
upon
their
Heads
:
Antigonus
,
upon
the
occasion
of
this
War
,
shewed
a
Courage
and
Fierceness
much
disproportionate
to
his
Years
;
he
was
a
Prince
of
an
undaunted
Spirit
;
and
could
he
but
have
preserved
a
little
Temper
in
his
vain
Ambition
,
in
aspiring
at
an
absolute
Sovereignty
over
others
,
he
might
in
all
probability
,
not
only
have
continued
in
the
first
Rank
of
the
Princes
of
his
Age
,
but
have
left
that
Honour
to
his
Descendants
;
but
he
was
of
a
violent
and
haughty
Spirit
,
much
addicted
to
undervalue
all
other
Princes
,
and
to
treat
them
both
in
his
Words
and
Actions
,
more
insolently
than
was
either
consistent
with
his
Interest
,
his
Prudence
,
or
the
Honour
due
to
Kings
;
and
though
by
this
rash
freedom
of
his
Language
,
he
had
drawn
a
most
formidable
Power
of
the
most
considerable
Princes
against
him
;
yet
when
he
first
heard
of
the
Confederacy
,
he
could
not
forbear
despising
the
Confederates
,
by
a
Vanity
peculiar
to
him
:
Oh!
said
he
,
are
they
flocking
?
I
'll
make
no
more
to
disperse
them
,
than
a
Company
of
Rooks
in
a
Corn-field
,
with
throwing
a
Stone
among
them
,
and
crying
Hush
.
So
soon
as
the
Troops
which
composed
the
Gross
of
his
Army
could
be
brought
together
,
Antigonus
took
the
Field
at
the
Head
of
seventy
thousand
Foot
,
and
ten
thousand
Horse
,
and
seventy
five
Elephants
.
His
Enemies
were
little
inferiour
to
him
in
number
of
Men
;
for
they
had
sixty
four
thousand
Foot
,
and
ten
thousand
five
hundred
Horse
;
but
they
far
surpassed
him
in
Elephants
,
of
which
they
brought
four
hundred
into
the
Field
,
and
a
hundred
and
twenty
Chariots
of
War
.
When
these
two
mighty
Armies
approached
near
,
there
happened
an
odd
kind
of
alteration
in
the
Humour
of
Antigonus
,
and
though
his
Courage
and
Resolution
received
no
great
abatement
;
yet
his
Hope
and
Confidence
seemed
something
to
flag
and
hang
their
Wings
;
for
whereas
formerly
there
was
wont
to
be
a
certain
joyous
Fierceness
dwelling
in
his
Eyes
,
that
he
used
to
speak
boldly
and
bravely
,
and
even
in
his
Encounters
,
to
drop
some
witty
Ralleries
,
to
encourage
his
Souldiers
to
contemn
their
Enemies
,
he
now
became
very
thoughtful
,
silent
,
and
retired
:
One
Day
above
all
the
rest
,
taking
Demetrius
along
with
him
,
he
shewed
him
to
the
Captains
,
and
the
whole
Army
,
which
was
drawn
out
upon
this
occasion
,
and
recommended
him
to
them
,
as
his
declared
Successor
;
these
uncustomary
Actions
occasioned
some
admiration
in
those
who
observed
them
;
but
that
which
increased
the
Wonder
,
was
,
that
now
he
took
Demetrius
into
his
most
secret
Counsels
;
whereas
formerly
he
never
used
to
communicate
his
Designs
to
any
Person
;
but
when
he
had
resolved
any
thing
,
to
give
out
his
peremptory
Commands
for
the
execution
;
in
so
much
that
it
is
reported
,
that
when
Demetrius
was
a
youth
,
he
enquiring
of
the
King
,
what
time
the
Army
should
decamp
:
He
answered
him
in
a
little
Passion
,
What
do
you
trouble
your self
?
Are
you
the
only
Person
that
are
afraid
you
shall
not
hear
the
Trumpet
?
But
there
were
other
very
ominous
Presages
besides
this
Change
in
the
Humour
of
Antigonus
;
which
according
to
the
Superstition
of
those
Times
,
abated
the
hopes
and
courage
of
the
Army
:
For
in
his
Dream
,
the
Great
Alexander
,
compleatly
armed
,
seemed
to
appear
to
Demetrius
,
and
demanded
of
him
,
what
Word
they
intended
to
give
in
the
time
of
the
Battel
?
And
Demetrius
answering
,
That
he
intended
the
Word
should
be
Jupiter
and
Victory
:
Well
,
then
I
see
,
said
Alexander
,
turning
short
from
him
with
an
Air
of
Displeasure
,
you
have
no
Service
for
me
,
I
will
go
over
to
your
Enemies
,
who
,
I
am
assured
will
entertain
me
with
Joy
.
And
the
very
Morning
of
the
Combat
,
as
the
Armies
were
drawing
up
,
Antigonus
going
out
of
the
door
of
his
Tent
,
by
some
Accident
or
other
,
stumbled
,
so
that
he
fell
flat
upon
the
Ground
,
and
bruised
himself
very
sorely
:
this
he
,
as
well
as
others
,
took
for
no
good
Augury
;
and
therefore
,
so
soon
as
he
had
recovered
his
Feet
,
lifting
up
his
Hands
towards
Heaven
,
O
ye
immortal
Gods
,
cried
he
,
if
you
so
please
,
I
beg
a
Victory
from
you
this
day
;
but
if
that
cannot
be
granted
,
let
me
obtain
the
Favour
of
death
at
your
hands
,
and
that
I
may
not
live
to
blush
to
see
my self
vanquished
,
and
with
shame
survive
my
dying
Glory
.
When
these
two
great
Armies
had
for
some
time
faced
one
the
other
,
the
Signal
being
given
,
after
whole
Showers
of
mortal
Arrows
,
which
obscured
the
very
Sun
,
had
been
exchanged
,
as
the
first
Complements
of
Death
,
they
quickly
came
to
handy-blows
;
and
Demetrius
,
who
commanded
the
greatest
and
best
part
of
the
Cavalry
,
gave
such
a
furious
Charge
upon
Antigonus
the
Son
of
Seleucus
,
that
unable
to
endure
the
Shock
,
he
and
the
Body
which
he
commanded
,
turned
their
Backs
and
fled
;
and
Demetrius
,
transported
with
the
Success
,
pursued
them
so
eagerly
,
and
so
far
,
as
that
it
fatally
lost
him
the
Day
;
for
,
when
perceiving
his
Errour
,
he
would
have
come
in
to
the
assistance
of
his
own
Infantry
,
he
was
not
able
,
the
Enemy
with
their
Elephants
having
cut
off
his
Retreat
;
and
on
the
other
hand
,
Seleucus
observing
the
main
Battel
of
Antigonus
left
naked
of
their
Horse
,
he
made
an
Offer
of
charging
them
in
Front
;
but
then
suddenly
by
wheeling
about
,
as
if
he
intended
to
attack
them
in
the
Flank
and
Rear
,
he
thereby
gave
opportunity
to
those
among
them
,
who
had
before
resolved
it
,
perfidiously
to
revolt
from
Antigonus
,
and
come
over
to
his
Party
,
as
great
numbers
of
them
did
;
and
this
put
the
rest
into
such
a
consternation
,
no
man
knowing
who
were
Friends
,
and
who
Enemies
,
that
the
whole
Army
was
instantly
put
to
the
Rout.
In
this
amazing
state
of
his
Affairs
,
the
old
King
Antigonus
still
kept
his
Post
,
and
when
a
strong
Body
of
the
Enemies
drew
up
to
charge
him
,
one
of
those
about
him
,
seeing
it
,
cried
out
to
him
,
Sir
,
consider
with
your self
what
you
will
do
;
do
you
not
see
that
Party
which
are
coming
down
upon
you
;
to
which
he
only
replied
,
And
how
shall
they
know
me
?
Demetrius
will
come
in
to
my
rescue
and
assistance
.
There
was
his
last
Hope
:
But
alas
!
it
was
in
vain
;
for
after
he
had
looked
on
every
side
to
see
if
he
could
perceive
Demetrius
coming
to
his
relief
,
he
was
with
a
Storm
of
Arrows
,
Darts
,
&
Javelins
,
born
down
dead
upon
the
earth
;
where
being
fallen
,
there
remained
with
him
,
of
all
the
numerous
Company
of
his
flattering
Followers
,
not
one
to
take
care
of
his
Body
after
his
Death
,
besides
only
Thorax
of
Larissa
,
the
Thessalian
;
thus
ended
this
fatal
Battel
,
and
thus
the
Life
of
the
unfortunate
Antigonus
.
After
the
unlucky
event
of
this
deciding
Combat
,
the
Kings
,
who
had
gained
the
Victory
,
tore
all
the
Empire
,
which
Antigonus
and
Demetrius
before
possessed
,
●●to
pieces
,
and
shared
those
large
Territories
among
themselves
.
As
for
the
unfortunate
Demetrius
,
he
with
five
thousand
Foot
,
and
four
thousand
Horse
marched
with
great
haste
to
the
City
of
Ephesus
,
where
being
arrived
,
it
was
the
common
Opinion
,
that
he
would
seize
upon
the
Treasures
of
Diana's
Temple
,
to
enable
him
to
raise
Recruits
,
and
put
himself
into
a
capacity
,
to
arrest
the
progress
of
his
Enemies
Arms
,
and
endeavour
to
re-instate
himself
in
his
former
Empire
;
but
he
was
so
far
from
that
,
that
fearing
lest
his
Souldiers
might
be
tempted
to
make
some
such
impious
attempt
,
he
hasted
from
thence
,
and
embarking
the
small
Remains
of
his
Army
;
he
sailed
for
Athens
;
for
there
it
was
that
he
had
placed
his
greatest
hopes
,
having
left
there
the
best
part
of
his
Navy
,
his
Treasure
,
and
Queen
Deidamia
;
and
from
them
he
had
not
the
least
doubt
,
but
he
should
in
this
his
extremity
find
a
seasonable
and
considerable
assistance
.
And
considering
what
he
had
done
for
them
,
it
is
no
wonder
if
Demetrius
was
exceedingly
surprized
,
when
at
the
Islands
of
the
Cyclades
,
the
Athenian
Embassadors
met
him
with
this
ingrateful
Message
,
that
he
must
not
think
of
a
Retreat
to
Athens
,
for
that
the
People
had
made
a
Decree
,
That
no
Crowned
Head
should
be
rec
〈…〉
d
into
their
City
;
as
for
his
Q.
Deidamia
,
they
convey'd
her
honourably
with
attendance
suitable
to
her
quality
to
Megara
.
Demetrius
,
who
had
hitherto
warded
all
the
cross-blows
of
Fortune
with
a
dextrous
Constancy
,
and
marvellous
height
of
Courage
,
was
not
able
to
bear
this
without
Transports
and
Emotions
:
It
was
impossible
for
him
to
reflect
upon
his
former
Favours
to
them
,
or
without
the
most
sensible
resentment
and
displeasure
,
to
find
all
those
Applauses
and
Honours
,
with
which
they
had
oppressed
him
in
his
more
prosperous
Estate
,
so
false
and
treacherous
,
as
that
contrary
to
his
last
Hopes
,
and
reasonable
Expectances
,
they
should
so
basely
desert
him
in
this
important
Turn
of
Affairs
;
and
from
thence
he
drew
a
clear
Inference
,
That
there
can
be
nothing
more
uncertain
than
the
Judgement
that
is
drawn
of
the
felicity
of
Princes
and
Potentates
,
from
the
aery
Honours
,
and
servile
Flatteries
of
a
Populace
;
since
it
is
difficult
if
not
impossible
to
determine
,
whether
those
extraordinary
heats
of
popular
favour
,
are
effects
of
their
Inclinations
,
with
respect
to
the
vertue
and
merit
,
or
of
their
Fears
of
the
Power
of
Great
and
Prosperous
Princes
;
and
that
the
People
are
equally
transported
into
extremes
,
both
by
Fear
and
Love
.
And
therefore
Judicious
Princes
are
wisely
accustomed
,
not
to
value
themselves
so
much
upon
the
erecting
of
Statues
,
Triumphant
Arches
,
or
paying
even
Divine
Honours
to
them
,
as
upon
the
Foundation
of
their
own
just
Actions
and
Deportment
,
being
assured
,
that
as
nothing
is
more
common
than
for
the
unconstant
multitude
to
hate
excessively
those
,
who
receive
immoderate
Honors
from
them
,
even
then
when
they
seem
most
willingly
to
bestow
them
.
But
Demetrius
,
who
found
himself
at
that
time
not
in
a
Condition
to
revenge
the
affront
,
cunningly
dissembled
his
resentment
,
and
only
gently
expostulated
the
matter
with
the
Athenians
,
by
his
Embassadors
,
desiring
them
,
that
since
they
would
not
permit
him
the
Favour
of
coming
to
their
City
,
that
at
least
they
would
be
so
kind
to
send
him
his
Gallies
,
among
which
there
was
one
of
thirteen
Ranges
of
Oars
:
and
this
being
accorded
him
,
he
sailed
to
the
Isthmus
of
Peloponnesus
,
and
finding
his
affairs
in
very
ill
condition
,
his
Garrisons
being
either
taken
,
or
revolted
to
the
Enemy
,
he
left
Pyrrhus
to
attend
the
affairs
of
Greece
,
and
took
his
course
into
Chersonesus
,
where
he
ravaged
the
Territories
of
Lysimachus
,
and
by
the
Booty
which
he
took
,
both
maintained
and
augmented
his
shattered
Troops
,
nor
did
any
of
the
other
Princes
once
go
about
to
impeach
his
enterprize
on
that
side
;
for
Lysimachus
had
as
little
reason
to
be
beloved
for
his
virtue
,
and
as
much
to
be
feared
for
his
Power
,
as
Demetrius
;
and
they
were
very
well
satisfied
to
be
Spectators
to
see
them
lessen
one
the
other
.
In
the
midst
of
these
transactions
,
Seleucus
sent
Embassadors
to
treat
with
Demetrius
,
for
a
Marriage
betwixt
himself
and
the
Fair
Stratonice
,
the
daughter
of
Demetrius
by
the
Princess
Philla
:
It
is
true
,
that
Seleucus
had
already
a
Son
by
Apamia
the
Persian
Lady
,
whose
name
was
Antiochus
,
but
it
was
also
true
,
that
he
was
possessed
of
so
many
spacious
Territories
,
as
might
well
satisfie
the
ambition
of
more
than
one
Successor
;
and
that
which
the
rather
induced
him
to
this
Alliance
with
Demetrius
,
was
that
Lysimachus
,
to
strengthen
his
Alliances
,
had
married
himself
to
one
Daughter
of
King
Ptolomy
,
and
his
Son
Agathocles
to
another
.
Demetrius
who
looked
upon
the
offer
,
as
an
unexpected
piece
of
good
Fortune
,
presently
imbarked
Himself
and
Daughter
,
and
with
his
whole
Fleet
sailed
directly
for
Syria
.
During
this
Voyage
he
was
often
obliged
to
touch
upon
several
Coasts
,
for
the
benefit
of
Provisions
and
fresh
Water
,
and
among
other
places
in
Cilicia
;
which
by
the
apportionment
of
the
Kings
,
after
the
defeat
of
Antigonus
,
was
allotted
to
Plistarchus
the
Brother
of
Cassander
:
Plistarchus
,
who
took
this
Descent
of
Demetrius
upon
his
Coasts
as
an
infraction
of
the
mutual
Treaty
betwixt
the
Confederate
Princes
,
posted
away
to
Cassander
,
to
oblige
him
to
expostulate
the
matter
with
Seleucus
,
and
to
know
the
Reason
,
why
he
had
entred
into
amity
with
Demetrius
the
common
Enemy
,
without
first
acquainting
the
other
Confederates
with
his
intention
.
Demetrius
receiving
information
of
this
,
laid
hold
of
the
opportunity
of
his
absence
,
and
suddenly
,
tacking
about
,
fell
upon
the
City
of
Quindon
,
and
surprized
it
,
and
in
it
a
thousand
two
hundred
Talents
being
part
of
the
Treasure
,
which
had
been
taken
in
the
Battel
from
his
Father
Antigonus
,
and
with
this
Prize
he
hasted
to
his
Gallies
,
and
Embarking
himself
and
his
Troops
he
pursued
his
Voyage
.
He
was
scarcely
come
to
an
Anchor
on
the
Coast
of
Syria
,
before
he
was
met
by
his
Queen
Philla
,
the
Mother
of
the
beautiful
Bride
;
and
immediately
after
they
landed
,
and
were
all
received
by
Seleucus
at
the
City
of
Orossus
,
with
all
the
innocent
Freedom
and
Royal
Gallantry
imaginable
:
first
Seleucus
treated
Demetrius
and
his
Retinue
ashore
,
in
a
stately
Pavilion
in
his
Camp
;
and
then
Demetrius
entertained
his
new
Son-in-Law
,
in
a
most
splendid
manner
aboard
the
Admiral
Gally
,
the
then
Wonder
of
the
Seas
:
all
these
visits
were
made
to
shew
their
mutual
confidence
,
without
all
manner
of
armed
attendants
;
and
the
Solemnity
was
continued
for
many
days
,
until
at
length
Seleucus
took
his
leave
,
and
conducted
the
fair
Stratonice
,
to
the
City
of
Antioch
,
where
they
were
welcomed
with
all
the
state
and
solemnity
suitable
to
such
an
occasion
.
In
his
return
Demetrius
made
a
fresh
Descent
upon
Cilicia
,
and
when
he
had
possessed
himself
of
the
whole
Province
,
he
sent
his
Queen
Philla
to
her
Brother
Cassander
,
to
answer
the
Complaints
of
Plistarchus
.
And
here
Queen
Deidamia
came
by
Sea
out
of
Greece
to
meet
him
,
but
by
the
incommodiousness
of
that
passage
,
which
was
too
rough
for
so
delicate
and
tender
a
constitution
,
she
contracted
an
indisposition
,
whereof
she
shortly
died
.
After
her
death
,
Demetrius
by
the
mediation
of
Seleucus
became
reconciled
to
King
Ptolomy
,
insomuch
that
he
married
his
Daughter
Ptolemaida
:
But
the
generous
deportment
of
Seleucus
to
this
unfortunate
Prince
was
not
long
liv'd
;
for
shortly
after
,
desiring
to
have
the
Province
of
Cilicia
from
Demetrius
,
for
which
he
offered
him
a
sum
of
money
,
and
being
refused
it
,
in
great
indignation
he
then
demanded
of
him
the
Cities
of
Tyre
and
Sydon
,
rather
with
a
design
to
beget
a
quarrel
,
than
upon
the
least
pretension
of
right
or
necessity
;
and
certainly
it
was
a
very
mean
and
unworthy
baseness
in
him
,
who
was
possessed
of
all
the
vast
Provinces
between
India
and
the
Syrian
Ocean
,
for
two
poor
Cities
,
which
he
unjustly
coveted
,
to
disturb
the
Peace
of
his
Father-in-law
,
who
had
already
suffered
so
insupportable
a
change
of
Fortune
;
but
herein
he
made
good
the
opinion
of
the
Divine
Plato
,
That
the
certain
way
to
be
truly
Rich
,
is
not
to
be
so
solicitous
to
increase
a
Fortune
,
as
to
give
limits
to
our
own
desires
.
For
whoever
is
always
grasping
at
more
,
confesses
he
is
still
in
want
,
and
is
therefore
miserable
and
poor
,
because
in
the
midst
of
all
his
affluence
he
wants
that
contentment
and
moderation
of
his
desires
,
which
only
can
render
any
Person
Rich
and
Happy
.
But
Demetrius
whose
courage
was
not
sunk
with
his
Fortune
,
resolutely
sent
him
this
answer
,
that
though
he
were
to
be
vanquish'd
a
thousand
times
over
again
,
he
would
never
purchase
the
friendship
of
Seleucus
at
so
tame
a
rate
;
and
therefore
to
secure
them
against
his
attempts
,
he
reinforced
those
strong
Cities
with
sufficient
Garrisons
,
and
all
manner
of
Warlike
stores
,
to
enable
them
to
make
a
brave
defence
against
Seleucus
,
if
his
insatiable
ambition
should
tempt
him
to
attack
them
.
Having
taken
care
of
these
important
Places
,
and
receiving
information
,
that
one
Lacharis
,
taking
the
opportunity
of
their
civil
Dissentions
,
had
set
up
himself
as
an
Usurper
over
the
Athenians
,
he
imagined
,
that
if
he
made
a
sudden
attempt
upon
the
City
,
he
might
now
reduce
it
to
his
Obedience
,
and
therefore
with
great
diligence
he
sailed
with
a
powerful
Navy
towards
Greece
:
But
Fortune
,
who
was
now
grown
very
uncourtly
to
him
,
treated
him
with
so
rough
a
tempest
,
just
when
he
came
upon
the
Coast
,
that
he
lost
divers
of
his
Vessels
,
and
a
great
number
of
Soldiers
which
were
aboard
them
.
As
for
himself
he
escap'd
,
and
began
to
make
a
little
kind
of
War
with
the
Athenians
,
but
finding
himself
unable
to
effect
his
design
,
he
sent
to
assemble
the
rest
of
his
Fleet
and
Forces
,
which
had
been
dispersed
by
the
late
storm
,
and
with
those
Troops
which
he
had
he
marched
and
laid
Siege
to
the
City
of
Messena
.
While
he
lay
before
this
place
,
he
ran
one
of
the
greatest
dangers
of
his
whole
life
,
for
in
making
an
attack
upon
the
Turn
,
an
arrow
from
an
Engine
struck
him
full
in
the
mouth
,
and
passed
clear
through
his
jaw
;
but
by
the
skill
and
care
of
his
Chirurgeons
,
it
was
not
long
before
it
was
healed
;
and
as
soon
as
he
was
in
a
condition
to
take
the
Field
,
he
regained
divers
Cities
which
had
revolted
from
him
,
and
made
an
incursion
into
the
Territories
of
the
Athenians
,
where
he
took
Eleusina
and
Rhamnus
,
and
wasted
all
the
whole
Country
thereabout
.
And
that
he
might
straiten
the
Athenians
by
cutting
off
all
manner
of
Provision
,
a
Vessel
laden
with
Corn
bound
thither
,
falling
into
his
hands
,
he
ordered
the
Master
and
Merchant
who
had
freighted
her
to
be
immediately
hanged
,
thereby
to
strike
a
terror
into
others
,
that
so
they
might
not
adventure
to
supply
the
City
with
Provisions
;
by
which
means
they
were
reduced
to
such
extremities
that
a
bushel
of
salt
was
worth
forty
drachma's
of
Silver
,
and
a
bushel
of
wheat
was
sold
at
the
excessive
Rate
of
three
hundred
.
In
this
distress
,
Ptolomy
had
sent
to
their
relief
an
hundred
and
fifty
Gallies
,
which
came
so
near
as
to
anchor
before
Egina
,
but
this
short
blaze
of
hope
was
soon
extinguished
by
the
arrival
of
three
hundred
sail
which
came
to
the
assistance
of
Demetrius
from
Cyprus
,
Peloponnesus
,
and
other
places
,
which
struck
such
a
pannick
fear
into
the
Egyptians
,
that
they
cut
and
slipp'd
their
Anchors
,
and
with
Sails
and
Oars
stood
away
for
Egypt
;
which
the
Tyrant
Lacharis
understanding
,
he
instantly
quitted
the
City
in
order
to
his
own
safety
and
preservation
.
And
now
the
Athenians
,
who
,
before
by
a
Popular
Edict
,
had
made
it
Capital
for
any
person
so
much
as
to
propose
a
treaty
,
or
accommodation
with
Demetrius
,
were
compelled
to
send
Embassadors
to
him
,
not
so
much
out
of
hopes
of
obtaining
any
honorable
Conditions
from
his
Clemency
,
as
out
of
pure
necessity
,
and
to
avoid
a
lingring
Death
by
Famine
,
a
domestick
Enemy
,
which
they
were
not
able
to
resist
;
for
this
imperious
Tyrant
had
reduced
them
to
those
extremities
,
that
there
happened
many
odd
adventures
during
the
time
of
the
Siege
,
the
effects
of
his
irresistible
Power
:
among
which
this
story
is
very
remarkable
,
That
one
day
,
a
Father
with
his
Son
,
sitting
disconsolately
in
their
House
,
lamenting
their
deplorable
condition
,
which
had
not
left
them
any
thing
to
sustain
their
lives
,
a
dead
Rat
happened
to
drop
from
the
Cieling
between
them
;
whereupon
they
immediate
fell
into
a
mortal
scuffle
,
which
of
them
should
have
the
venison
for
his
dinner
:
And
in
this
Famine
,
the
Philosopher
Epicurus
,
so
celebrated
for
indulging
his
appetite
,
was
forced
to
save
his
own
,
and
the
lives
of
his
Scholars
,
by
a
small
quantity
of
Beans
,
which
by
number
were
every
day
distributed
to
them
.
In
this
miserable
condition
was
the
City
when
Demetrius
made
his
publick
Entrance
,
and
he
was
no
sooner
possessed
of
the
Place
,
but
he
made
Proclamation
,
that
all
the
Inhabitants
should
instantly
assemble
in
the
publick
Theatre
,
which
being
done
he
surrounded
them
with
his
Armed
Troops
,
setting
also
a
strong
Guard
about
the
Stage
.
This
administred
no
small
terror
and
perplexity
to
the
amazed
People
,
who
looked
for
nothing
less
than
a
Tragedy
of
Executions
;
but
it
was
not
long
before
he
dissipated
those
Fears
,
for
entring
the
Stage
in
Person
by
the
passage
through
which
the
Actors
used
to
enter
,
he
made
an
Oration
to
them
,
wherein
he
only
gently
reprehended
their
former
ill
treatment
of
him
,
but
withal
told
them
,
that
he
would
receive
them
again
into
his
grace
and
favour
:
And
that
it
might
appear
his
intentions
were
real
,
he
bestowed
amongst
them
the
welcome
Donative
of
a
hundred
thousand
Bushels
of
Wheat
;
and
to
ingratiate
himself
the
more
,
he
promoted
such
Persons
into
the
Offices
of
the
Magistracy
as
he
knew
to
be
most
agreeable
to
the
People
;
so
that
nothing
now
was
heard
but
loud
acclamations
of
joy
among
the
Athenians
,
and
the
Stages
resounded
with
speeches
in
the
praise
of
Demetrius
;
all
the
celebrated
Orators
of
the
City
vying
with
one
another
in
commendation
of
his
generosity
;
and
upon
this
occasion
the
Orator
Dromoclides
proposed
a
Decree
,
that
the
Port
of
Pyneum
,
and
the
strong
Cittadel
of
Munychia
,
might
be
put
into
the
power
of
Demetrius
to
use
them
at
his
own
discretion
,
which
was
no
sooner
offered
than
passed
by
unanimous
suffrage
of
the
People
,
and
Demetrius
having
put
strong
Garrisons
into
those
two
places
,
by
his
own
Authority
placed
another
in
the
Museum
,
to
the
end
that
those
People
,
who
had
shewed
so
much
levity
in
their
dispositions
,
might
be
kept
in
subjection
,
and
not
by
their
future
perfidies
be
able
to
divert
him
from
the
prosecution
of
his
other
enterprizes
.
He
had
not
been
long
Master
of
Athens
before
he
had
formed
a
Design
against
the
Lacedaemonians
,
of
which
Archidamus
their
King
being
advertised
,
he
to
prevent
it
,
drew
out
an
Army
and
marched
against
Demetrius
;
but
in
this
wise
Method
of
carrying
War
out
of
his
own
Territories
,
he
had
not
Fortune
answerable
to
his
Courage
,
for
he
was
overthrown
in
a
Battel
near
the
City
Mantinea
;
and
Demetrius
following
his
blow
entred
the
Laconian
Confines
,
and
in
a
second
Battel
defeated
him
almost
within
view
of
the
City
of
Sparta
,
wherein
two
hundred
Lacedaemonians
were
slain
,
and
five
hundred
taken
Prisoners
;
and
now
it
was
esteemed
almost
impossible
,
for
the
Virgin
City
of
Sparta
,
which
hitherto
had
never
submitted
to
a
Conqueror
,
to
escape
being
ravished
by
his
victorious
Arms.
But
certainly
,
there
never
was
any
Prince
,
upon
whom
Fortune
made
such
short
turns
,
mounting
him
to
the
Pinacles
of
Hope
and
Glory
,
from
thence
to
precipitate
him
into
the
utmost
despair
and
misery
:
To
day
he
would
be
great
and
potent
,
to
morrow
weak
and
broken
,
even
almost
beyond
the
relief
of
Hopes
or
Miracles
,
which
made
him
sometimes
in
the
low
Ebb
of
his
adverse
condition
reproach
that
inconstant
Goddess
with
these
verses
of
the
Poet
Aeschilus
,
Fortune
of
all
the
Deities
most
vain
,
Does
lift
me
up
,
to
throw
me
down
again
.
Nor
was
there
any
period
of
his
life
in
which
she
appeared
more
capricious
than
in
this
rancountre
;
for
when
all
things
seemed
so
gloriously
to
conspire
,
not
only
to
the
re-establishing
,
but
inlargement
of
his
Greatness
and
Empire
,
an
express
arrived
,
which
brought
him
the
dismal
account
,
that
Lysimachus
with
a
mighty
Army
,
had
taken
all
the
Cities
of
which
he
was
possessed
in
Asia
:
Nor
was
this
a
single
misfortune
,
for
at
the
same
time
he
was
informed
,
that
Ptolomy
had
subdued
the
whole
Island
of
Cyprus
,
except
the
City
of
Salamine
,
where
his
Mother
and
Children
were
closely
besieged
,
and
in
extreme
danger
;
by
which
surprizing
Intelligence
,
the
City
of
Sparta
was
delivered
from
that
imminent
fear
and
danger
.
But
yet
Fortune
seemed
to
flatter
him
with
hopes
upon
another
occasion
,
treating
him
like
the
Woman
in
the
Play
of
Archilocus
.
Who
Water
in
one
cheating
hand
did
show
Whilst
in
the
other
dreadful
fire
did
glow
.
For
Cassander
King
of
Macedon
dying
,
and
his
eldest
Son
,
who
succeeded
him
,
not
long
surviving
his
Father
,
the
two
younger
Brothers
fell
at
variance
concerning
the
Succession
;
and
Antipater
having
barbarously
murthered
his
own
Mother
Thessalonice
,
Alexander
the
younger
Brother
,
fearing
his
savage
and
outragious
inclinations
,
called
in
to
his
assistance
Pyrrhus
King
of
Epirus
,
and
Demetrius
,
who
was
then
in
Peloponnesus
:
Pyrrhus
made
all
imaginable
expedition
to
his
succor
,
and
did
it
effectually
;
but
for
a
recompence
he
held
a
great
part
of
the
Country
which
he
had
taken
from
Antipater
,
which
begot
a
suspicion
in
Alexander
,
that
he
had
brought
upon
himself
a
dangerous
Neighbour
;
and
that
he
might
not
run
a
greater
hazard
from
Demetrius
,
whose
Ambition
,
Power
,
and
Reputation
among
the
Macedonians
,
was
such
,
as
might
well
create
a
jealousie
of
him
;
this
young
Prince
therefore
posted
away
to
the
City
of
Deinon
,
where
he
understood
Demetrius
was
come
with
his
Army
,
in
compliance
with
the
request
he
had
made
him
by
his
Letters
;
when
he
arrived
there
,
he
applied
himself
with
great
respects
to
Demetrius
,
and
returned
him
high
acknowledgments
for
his
readiness
to
assist
him
,
but
withal
gave
him
to
understand
,
that
now
his
affairs
were
in
so
good
posture
,
that
he
had
no
occasion
to
give
him
any
further
trouble
;
and
thereupon
invited
him
to
an
entertainment
which
he
had
provided
for
him
,
in
some
measure
to
shew
how
sensible
he
was
of
his
Favours
.
But
as
Demetrius
was
about
to
go
to
the
place
of
Assignation
,
one
came
and
whispered
in
his
Ear
,
that
there
was
a
train
laid
,
that
in
the
midst
of
the
Jollity
Demetrius
was
to
be
taken
off
.
Demetrius
who
before
began
to
suspect
the
treachery
of
Alexander
,
seemed
not
much
concerned
,
but
making
only
a
little
less
haste
,
he
sent
to
the
principal
Officers
of
his
Army
,
commanding
to
draw
out
the
Soldiers
and
make
them
stand
to
their
Arms
,
and
ordered
those
of
his
Retinue
,
to
attend
him
into
the
very
Room
of
the
entertainment
,
and
not
to
stir
from
thence
,
till
they
saw
him
rise
from
the
Table
.
In
this
equipage
he
came
to
Alexander
,
and
his
Servants
who
were
to
have
performed
the
Execution
,
finding
themselves
overpowered
,
had
not
courage
to
attempt
any
thing
upon
him
;
and
indeed
Demetrius
gave
them
no
opportunity
,
for
he
made
a
very
short
visit
,
and
pretending
to
Alexander
,
that
he
was
not
at
present
disposed
to
be
a
good
Companion
,
in
regard
that
he
had
just
now
received
advices
,
which
obliged
him
by
the
necessity
of
his
affairs
to
march
away
with
his
Army
the
next
day
;
he
therefore
desired
his
excuse
for
the
present
,
assuring
him
,
that
he
would
do
himself
the
honour
to
wait
upon
him
,
when
his
affairs
would
permit
him
better
leisure
.
Alexander
was
extremely
overjoyed
,
not
only
at
this
resolution
of
his
departure
,
but
that
it
appeared
voluntary
,
and
without
any
sort
of
disgust
,
for
he
did
not
know
that
his
Plot
was
discovered
;
and
therefore
in
a
Complement
,
he
would
by
all
means
accompany
Demetrius
unto
the
Confines
of
his
Dominions
;
when
they
were
arrived
at
Larissa
a
City
of
Thessaly
,
new
Invitations
passed
between
them
,
which
were
the
outward
appearances
of
respect
and
civility
,
but
secretly
intended
for
each
others
distructions
;
and
this
young
Prince
,
who
thought
to
avoid
a
second
miscarriage
in
his
design
against
the
Life
of
Demetrius
,
drew
the
misfortune
upon
himself
,
for
going
to
an
Invitation
which
Demetrius
had
made
him
;
that
he
might
bring
him
into
a
like
security
and
confidence
by
his
example
,
he
dismissed
his
ordinary
Guards
,
and
went
slenderly
attended
with
some
of
his
most
particular
Friends
;
when
they
had
sitten
a
little
time
,
Demetrius
hastily
arising
from
the
Table
,
the
surprized
young
Prince
rose
also
,
and
followed
him
just
to
the
door
,
where
Demetrius
,
as
he
passed
through
,
only
said
to
the
Guards
,
Kill
him
that
follows
me
.
Which
being
Alexander
,
they
immediately
dispatched
him
,
and
such
of
his
Friends
as
endeavoured
to
come
to
his
Rescue
,
one
of
which
,
before
he
died
,
said
,
You
have
prevented
us
〈…〉
t
by
one
day
.
It
is
very
easie
to
apprehend
,
that
this
action
made
this
night
pass
over
with
great
fears
and
disorders
among
the
Macedonians
,
who
followed
Alexander
;
nor
was
the
horror
of
the
darkness
much
relieved
by
the
succeeding
beams
of
that
day
,
which
they
had
reason
to
suspect
from
the
Power
and
Resentments
of
Demetrius
would
be
their
last
;
but
these
fears
were
dissipated
with
the
darkness
;
for
there
was
not
any
manner
of
violence
offered
them
;
but
Demetrius
sent
to
desire
them
to
come
into
his
presence
,
for
that
he
was
desirous
to
give
them
satisfaction
,
for
what
had
happened
to
Alexander
:
It
is
not
difficult
to
believe
that
they
went
chearfully
to
give
him
the
hearing
,
and
therefore
Demetrius
having
acquainted
them
with
the
baseness
and
treachery
of
Alexander
,
and
his
good
Intentions
toward
them
,
there
was
no
necessity
to
make
a
long
harangue
to
draw
those
to
his
Party
,
who
saw
their
Lives
lay
at
his
mercy
;
besides
,
there
being
none
remaining
of
the
Family
of
Cassander
,
but
only
Antipater
,
whose
hands
yet
blushed
with
the
blood
of
the
Queen
his
Mother
,
and
who
for
this
abominable
Parricide
was
equally
infamous
and
odious
to
the
People
,
and
not
being
sensible
of
a
Person
more
worthy
than
Demetrius
,
upon
whom
they
might
,
if
at
liberty
,
fix
their
choice
,
they
instantly
proclaimed
him
King
of
Macedon
,
whereupon
he
presently
returned
to
take
possession
of
this
new
Kingdom
,
which
Fortune
had
so
unexpectedly
thrown
into
his
Arms.
Nor
was
this
choice
at
all
disagreeable
to
the
rest
of
the
Macedonians
,
who
remained
at
home
,
who
had
not
yet
forgot
their
resentments
against
Cassander
,
for
his
detestable
treachery
to
Alexander
the
Great
,
of
whom
they
suspected
him
the
cruel
Murderer
:
And
all
that
kindness
which
they
had
formerly
had
for
Antipater
the
Father
of
Cassander
,
was
now
centred
upon
Demetrius
,
who
had
married
his
Grandchild
Philla
;
and
the
young
Prince
which
he
had
by
her
,
who
was
now
in
the
Camp
,
serving
his
apprenticeship
in
the
Trade
of
War
,
under
the
Conduct
of
his
Father
Demetrius
.
And
to
add
to
this
unexpected
good
Fortune
,
an
express
arrived
,
which
brought
him
the
welcome
news
,
that
Ptolomy
had
generously
dismissed
his
Mother
and
Children
,
bestowing
upon
them
magnificent
Presents
and
Honors
;
and
also
that
his
Daughter
Stratonice
,
whom
he
had
married
to
Seleucus
,
was
,
by
a
pretty
kind
of
adventure
,
remarried
to
Antiochus
the
Son
of
Seleucus
,
and
Crowned
Queen
of
all
the
Provinces
of
Upper
Asia
,
which
happened
thus
.
This
Prince
Antiochus
become
passionately
in
love
with
the
beautiful
Stratonice
the
young
Queen
,
who
had
now
made
Seleucus
the
Father
of
a
little
Son
,
he
strugled
at
first
very
hard
with
the
beginnings
of
this
extravagant
Passion
,
but
finding
on
the
one
hand
,
an
impossibility
to
extinguish
those
flames
her
fair
eyes
had
kindled
,
and
on
the
other
,
that
it
was
equally
difficult
to
obtain
his
desires
,
he
saw
no
other
remedy
for
his
hopeless
misfortune
,
but
what
was
to
be
expected
from
Despair
and
Death
,
which
he
therefore
resolved
upon
,
and
in
order
to
it
,
by
feigning
an
Indisposition
,
to
languish
out
his
amorous
Soul
,
by
voluntary
refusing
all
manner
of
nourishment
for
the
support
of
his
life
.
Erasistratus
,
the
Physician
who
attended
him
,
quickly
perceived
,
that
Love
was
his
distemper
,
but
all
the
difficulty
was
to
discover
the
Object
of
his
flame
;
he
therefore
diligently
waited
in
his
chamber
,
and
when
any
of
the
charming
Beauties
of
the
Court
made
their
visits
to
the
sick
Prince
,
he
curiously
observed
,
the
emotions
and
alterations
in
the
countenance
of
Antiochus
,
which
he
well
knew
,
were
wont
upon
such
surprises
,
to
betray
the
inward
passions
and
inclinations
of
the
Soul
:
He
therefore
took
notice
,
that
the
presence
of
the
Court
Ladies
wrought
no
manner
of
alteration
in
him
;
but
when
Stratonice
came
alone
,
or
in
company
with
Seleucus
,
to
make
him
a
visit
,
he
observed
in
him
all
those
symptoms
of
a
most
violent
Passion
,
which
are
so
tenderly
expressed
by
the
ingenious
Sappho
,
he
became
suddenly
mute
and
silent
,
his
passion
smothering
his
words
,
a
fiery
blush
would
mount
into
his
Face
,
he
would
fix
his
Eyes
upon
Stratonice
,
and
then
presently
withdraw
those
stollen
and
guilty
looks
;
his
pulse
would
be
disordered
,
a
cold
sweat
would
seize
upon
him
,
and
unable
to
support
the
violent
Passion
,
he
would
become
sensless
and
pale
as
that
Death
which
he
so
much
desired
.
Erasistratus
,
from
these
infallible
symptoms
,
manifestly
perceived
that
Stratonice
was
the
dear
Object
of
his
Passion
,
and
that
he
had
taken
a
resolution
rather
to
perish
than
discover
his
Love
;
he
evidently
saw
that
he
was
in
danger
of
his
life
,
if
he
did
not
find
out
some
way
,
to
apply
the
only
Remedy
which
was
capable
of
giving
him
recovery
;
and
yet
he
could
not
but
tremble
to
think
of
making
a
discovery
of
that
Nature
to
Seleucus
;
but
considering
the
extraordinary
tenderness
of
Seleucus
to
the
Prince
;
and
the
King
one
morning
enquiring
of
his
condition
,
he
put
on
all
the
assurance
he
could
,
and
told
him
,
Sir
,
the
Prince's
disease
is
Love
,
and
he
is
incurable
,
because
it
is
impossible
for
him
to
enjoy
the
Object
of
his
Passion
,
and
impossible
for
him
to
live
without
it
.
The
King
was
extremely
surprized
at
this
account
which
the
Physician
gave
him
,
but
would
by
no
means
be
satisfied
till
he
understood
,
how
his
Passion
should
be
incurable
.
Why
Sir
,
replied
Erasistratus
,
because
he
is
in
love
with
my
Wife
.
How
!
said
Seleucus
,
will
Erasistratus
,
my
Dear
Erasistratus
,
refuse
me
the
kindness
to
bestow
his
Wife
upon
my
Son
and
Successor
;
when
there
is
no
other
way
to
save
his
life
?
Nay
then
Sir
,
replied
Erasistratus
,
You
,
who
are
his
Father
,
and
upon
that
consideration
,
ought
to
have
all
the
tenderness
imaginable
for
a
Son
,
pray
would
you
take
the
Counsel
which
you
give
me
;
and
if
Antiochus
were
thus
desperately
in
Love
with
Stratonice
,
would
you
so
easily
resign
your
interest
to
him
?
Ah
my
Dear
Friend
!
answered
Seleucus
,
may
some
kind
God
or
Man
,
put
the
safety
of
the
Prince
upon
that
Issue
;
I
would
part
not
only
with
Stratonice
,
but
my
Empire
upon
condition
that
I
might
preserve
Antiochus
,
my
Dearest
Antiochus
;
and
with
that
the
tears
forced
themselves
a
violent
passage
over
his
aged
cheeks
.
Whereupon
Erasistratus
taking
him
by
the
hand
,
Sir
,
said
he
,
You
have
then
no
need
of
the
assistance
of
Erasistratus
,
for
you
,
who
are
a
Husband
,
a
Father
,
and
a
King
,
are
the
most
proper
and
in
this
case
only
Physician
for
your
own
Family
,
't
is
you
only
that
can
recover
the
life
of
Prince
Antiochus
,
by
refigning
to
him
Stratonice
,
for
that
's
his
Disease
.
Whereupon
Seleucus
,
instantly
summoning
a
Counsel
of
all
his
great
Officers
,
declared
unto
them
the
state
of
this
Affair
,
and
that
he
was
resolved
to
bestow
Stratonice
upon
the
Prince
,
and
to
create
him
King
,
and
her
the
Queen
of
all
the
Provinces
of
the
Higher
Asia
;
telling
them
,
that
he
thought
he
had
so
absolute
a
Power
over
the
Prince's
will
,
that
he
hoped
he
should
find
in
him
no
repugnance
to
obey
his
Commands
;
and
for
the
Queen
he
hoped
all
his
Friends
would
endeavour
to
make
her
sensible
,
if
she
manifested
any
reluctancy
to
this
Marriage
,
that
she
ought
to
esteem
those
things
just
and
honorable
,
which
were
so
absolutely
necessary
to
the
general
and
publick
Good
.
And
by
these
Arguments
,
Stratonice
was
perswaded
to
this
second
Marriage
,
which
quickly
restored
the
health
of
Antiochus
,
and
was
celebrated
with
extraordinary
Joy
and
Solemnity
.
But
to
return
to
the
affairs
of
Demetrius
,
he
having
obtained
the
Crown
of
Macedon
,
and
being
possessed
of
Thessalia
,
and
the
greatest
part
of
Peloponnesus
,
the
Cities
of
Megara
and
Athens
,
the
two
Keys
of
the
Isthmus
,
he
turned
his
victorious
Arms
against
the
Baeotians
;
these
People
at
first
made
some
overture
of
an
accommodation
,
but
Cleonimus
of
Sparta
coming
to
their
assistance
,
and
reinforcing
the
City
of
Thebes
with
a
considerable
Garrison
,
and
one
Pisis
a
Thespian
,
who
had
a
great
influence
upon
the
People
,
animating
them
to
make
a
brave
resistance
,
they
brake
off
the
Treaty
and
betook
themselves
to
Arms
:
But
no
sooner
had
Demetrius
begun
to
approach
the
Walls
with
his
dreadful
Engines
,
but
Cleonimus
affrighted
at
the
sight
of
them
,
secretly
withdrew
himself
;
and
thereupon
the
Baeotians
,
finding
themselves
abandoned
by
this
cowardly
Confederate
,
they
surrendred
the
City
to
Demetrius
,
who
put
strong
Garrisons
into
the
chiefest
Towns
,
and
having
drawn
a
good
round
sum
of
mony
from
them
,
he
placed
Hieronymus
the
Historian
,
as
his
Deputy
Governor
;
but
as
to
the
main
,
he
treated
those
vanquished
People
very
obligingly
,
and
particularly
Pisis
,
to
whom
he
not
only
frankly
restored
his
Liberty
,
but
also
made
him
Governour
over
the
Thespians
.
It
happened
,
not
long
after
,
that
Lysimachus
had
the
misfortune
to
be
taken
Prisoner
by
Dromichaetes
,
whereupon
Demetrius
hasted
with
his
Army
into
Thracia
,
in
hopes
that
in
the
disorder
,
into
which
this
accident
must
have
put
the
affairs
of
that
Province
,
he
might
find
an
opportunity
to
repossess
himself
of
it
;
but
Lysimachus
unexpectedly
regaining
his
Liberty
,
and
the
newly
conquered
Baeotians
,
breaking
out
into
a
general
Revolt
,
he
was
obliged
to
retire
with
his
Army
,
and
in
great
hast
,
to
look
after
his
own
affairs
at
home
.
Upon
his
return
he
found
that
his
Son
Antigonus
had
in
a
Battel
defeated
the
Forces
of
the
Baeotians
,
and
therefore
he
presently
laid
Siege
to
Thebes
,
whither
they
had
retreated
with
their
broken
Troops
;
but
understanding
that
Pyrrhus
had
made
an
incursion
into
Thessaly
,
and
that
he
was
advanced
as
far
as
Thermopylon
,
leaving
Antigonus
to
continue
the
Siege
,
he
marched
with
the
rest
of
his
Army
to
oppose
the
King
of
Epyrus
;
But
Pyrrhus
gave
him
no
occasion
to
exercise
his
Courage
;
for
upon
the
first
news
of
his
approach
,
he
made
a
very
hasty
retreat
out
of
the
Country
,
whereupon
Demetrius
,
leaving
ten
thousand
foot
and
a
thousand
horse
for
the
Guard
of
Thessaly
,
he
returned
to
the
Siege
of
Thebes
,
and
there
he
brought
his
dreadful
Engine
in
order
to
storm
the
City
,
but
by
reason
of
its
unwieldy
Bulk
,
and
the
unevenness
of
the
Ground
,
it
was
moved
with
such
labour
and
difficulty
,
that
in
two
Months
,
it
did
not
advance
two
furlongs
;
In
the
mean
time
the
Citizens
made
a
stout
defence
,
and
Demetrius
,
who
was
resolute
to
be
revenged
on
them
for
their
Perfidy
,
obstinately
maintained
the
Siege
,
and
exposed
himself
and
his
Soldiers
to
very
hard
and
dangerous
Service
,
insomuch
that
Antigonus
,
observing
that
many
gallant
Men
daily
lost
their
lives
,
being
sensibly
mov'd
with
pity
,
he
addressed
himself
to
the
King
his
Father
,
and
finding
him
as
he
thought
in
good
humour
,
Sir
,
said
he
,
I
beseech
your
Majesty
,
what
reason
is
there
to
expose
so
many
valiant
Men
to
such
continual
danger
,
without
a
greater
necessity
,
when
—
But
Demetrius
in
a
great
passion
,
without
permitting
him
to
proceed
;
And
you
,
good
Sir
,
why
do
you
afflict
yourself
for
this
Matter
,
the
more
there
are
kill'd
,
the
fewer
there
will
be
for
you
to
make
a
provision
for
.
But
that
the
Soldiers
might
see
he
valued
his
own
life
at
no
dearer
rate
than
theirs
,
he
exposed
himself
to
the
same
dangers
to
which
he
commanded
them
;
and
in
a
desperate
attack
,
which
he
one
day
made
,
he
was
wounded
with
a
Javelin
,
which
struck
quite
through
his
neck
,
and
put
him
into
very
great
hazard
of
his
life
;
but
notwithstanding
his
illness
he
continued
the
Siege
,
and
in
conclusion
took
the
Town
;
and
after
his
entrance
,
when
the
Citizens
expected
all
the
severities
which
an
incensed
Conqueror
could
inflict
,
he
only
put
to
death
thirteen
of
the
Capital
Rebels
,
and
banished
some
few
others
,
graciously
pardoning
all
the
rest
:
Thus
the
City
of
Thebes
after
it
had
been
so
long
raised
from
its
ruins
,
was
twice
taken
in
the
space
of
those
ten
years
.
Shortly
after
,
the
Festivals
of
the
Pythian
Apollo
,
being
to
be
celebrated
,
and
the
Aetolians
,
having
blocked
up
all
the
passages
to
Delphos
,
Demetrius
caused
them
to
be
kept
at
Athens
,
alledging
it
was
great
reason
those
Honours
should
be
paid
to
Apollo
in
that
place
,
both
in
regard
he
was
the
Tutelar
Divinity
of
that
City
,
and
that
the
Athenians
pretended
to
derive
from
him
their
Original
and
Pedigree
.
From
thence
Demetrius
returned
to
Macedon
,
and
being
not
only
of
a
restless
temper
himself
,
but
considering
the
Genius
of
the
Macedonians
,
who
were
ever
the
best
Subjects
when
imployed
in
military
expeditions
,
but
seditiously
busie
and
desirous
of
change
in
the
idleness
of
Peace
;
he
led
them
against
the
Aetolians
,
and
having
wasted
their
Country
,
he
left
Pantanchus
,
with
a
great
part
of
his
Army
to
perfect
the
Conquest
,
and
with
the
rest
he
marched
in
Person
to
find
out
Pyrrhus
;
but
so
it
fell
out
,
that
by
taking
different
ways
,
these
two
Armies
did
not
meet
,
but
whilest
Demetrius
entred
Epyrus
,
and
laid
all
wast
before
him
,
Pyrrhus
at
the
same
time
encountred
Pantanchus
,
where
in
the
heat
of
the
Combat
,
the
two
Chief
Commanders
,
meeting
,
bountifully
entertained
one
the
other
with
the
Complements
of
their
Swords
,
till
their
Arms
blushed
at
that
kind
of
rude
Civility
,
but
in
conclusion
Victory
perched
upon
the
Standards
of
Pyrrhus
,
who
besides
great
numbers
slain
upon
the
place
,
took
five
thousand
Prisoners
.
This
blow
would
not
have
been
so
considerable
as
to
have
given
Demetrius
any
great
hurt
,
had
it
not
been
,
that
Pyrrhus
,
by
his
brave
and
fierce
deportment
in
this
encounter
,
did
not
only
win
the
Glory
of
the
Field
,
but
the
hearts
of
the
inconstant
Macedonians
;
for
now
they
began
loudly
to
proclaim
,
that
they
saw
in
him
the
very
picture
of
the
hardy
Courage
and
personal
bravery
of
their
adored
Alexander
;
whereas
the
other
Kings
his
Successors
,
and
particularly
Demetrius
,
they
said
,
resembled
him
in
nothing
so
much
as
in
his
extravagant
humors
and
haughty
vanity
:
And
to
say
nothing
but
truth
,
Demetrius
was
something
so
affected
in
his
Garb
,
as
too
nearly
related
to
the
Pageantry
of
the
Theatre
.
For
not
only
his
Body
was
used
to
be
clothed
with
the
most
exquisite
travels
of
the
needle
in
Gold
and
Purple
Robes
,
and
his
Head
incircled
with
the
uncommon
novelty
of
a
double
Diadem
,
but
even
his
Shooes
were
made
of
curiously
embroidered
Purple
with
Golden
soles
:
And
such
was
the
profuse
vanity
of
this
Prince
,
that
he
had
commanded
a
Robe
to
be
made
for
him
,
wherein
with
proud
Art
,
there
was
to
be
wrought
the
Representation
of
the
Universe
,
Sea
and
Land
,
the
Celestial
Bodies
and
Figures
of
the
Sun
,
with
all
his
Golden
Glories
,
and
the
Silver
Moon
,
and
the
sparkling
Courtiers
of
the
Night
,
which
were
to
be
imitated
with
the
richest
Diamonds
that
could
be
procured
.
But
the
reverse
of
his
more
gloomy
Fortune
overtaking
him
,
the
work
was
never
finished
;
but
as
it
was
,
it
was
long
preserved
as
a
Monument
of
his
magnificent
vanity
:
Not
any
of
the
Kings
of
Macedon
his
Successors
,
though
reported
divers
of
them
to
be
haughty
enough
,
arriving
to
that
degree
of
Pride
,
to
have
it
finished
,
or
to
adventure
to
wear
it
.
But
it
was
not
this
outward
Garb
and
Pomp
alone
which
disgusted
the
Macedonians
,
but
his
profuse
and
dissolute
Way
of
living
;
and
above
all
the
difficulty
of
access
to
his
presence
was
extremely
disobliging
:
For
either
he
would
not
be
seen
at
all
by
such
as
attended
long
for
dispatch
of
their
affairs
,
or
if
he
permitted
them
to
come
before
him
,
he
would
treat
them
roughly
and
with
disrespect
;
nor
were
only
private
Persons
thus
used
by
him
,
but
even
such
Ministers
as
negotiated
publick
affairs
:
Thus
he
made
the
Athenian
Embassadors
,
to
whom
yet
he
was
more
civil
than
to
all
the
other
Graecians
,
attend
two
years
in
his
Court
,
before
they
could
obtain
an
Audience
from
him
;
at
another
time
when
the
Lacedaemonians
sent
a
single
Person
on
an
Embassy
to
him
,
thinking
it
was
done
in
contempt
,
in
great
indignation
he
demanded
of
him
,
Whether
the
Spartans
had
but
one
Man
that
was
fit
to
be
sent
upon
an
Embassy
,
since
they
sent
no
more
?
To
whom
the
Embassador
according
to
the
Laconian
mode
,
tartly
replied
;
Sure
one
Embassador
is
enough
to
send
to
one
King
.
It
chanced
one
time
that
an
humor
took
him
to
be
a
little
more
than
ordinarily
Popular
,
and
therefore
going
abroad
,
he
was
immediately
accosted
by
a
multitude
of
importunate
Petitioners
;
he
very
courteously
received
their
Supplications
,
and
put
up
their
Petitions
in
the
skirt
of
his
Robe
,
the
poor
People
over-joyed
at
this
unusual
Grace
and
Favour
followed
him
close
,
in
hopes
to
be
presently
dispatched
in
their
suits
;
but
when
he
came
upon
the
Bridge
of
the
River
Axius
,
opening
his
lap
,
he
drop'd
all
the
Petitions
into
the
River
.
This
action
did
strangely
exasperate
the
Macedonians
,
who
seeing
their
Hopes
and
Petitions
both
drowned
,
looked
upon
it
as
a
very
injurious
and
unkingly
Frolick
;
and
this
brought
to
their
remembrance
,
what
some
of
them
had
seen
,
and
others
had
heard
related
of
King
Philip
,
who
by
a
pretty
accident
was
reclaimed
from
this
disobliging
humor
;
for
King
Philip
being
one
day
abroad
,
an
old
Woman
made
her
application
to
him
with
a
Petition
,
the
King
told
her
,
he
could
not
then
dispatch
her
,
in
regard
he
had
affairs
of
greater
importance
upon
his
hands
;
to
which
the
old
Woman
in
a
pet
replied
,
What!
greater
than
doing
Justice
?
if
you
refuse
to
do
Justice
,
pray
lay
aside
your
Royalty
,
and
leave
being
a
King
.
This
sharp
reprimand
so
nettled
the
King
,
that
returning
to
the
Palace
,
and
setting
all
other
matters
apart
,
for
several
days
together
he
did
nothing
else
,
but
receive
the
complaints
of
all
that
would
come
,
and
redressed
their
real
grievances
,
to
the
general
contentment
and
satisfaction
of
his
People
.
And
certainly
there
is
no
other
vertue
more
commendable
or
popular
in
a
Prince
,
than
Justice
;
which
made
Timotheus
say
that
Mars
is
a
great
Tyrant
,
but
Law
,
according
to
the
incomparable
Pindar
,
is
the
most
Glorious
Queen
of
the
Universe
.
And
upon
this
subject
,
Homer
,
the
Prince
of
Poets
,
observes
,
that
Jupiter
did
not
bestow
upon
Kings
,
terrible
Engines
or
Ships
of
War
for
the
destruction
of
Cities
,
but
had
committed
the
Oracles
of
Law
and
Justice
to
their
Custody
in
order
to
their
good
Government
and
Preservation
,
and
that
the
most
just
Princes
,
and
not
the
fierce
and
violent
were
the
Genuine
Offspring
of
the
Gods
.
But
Demetrius
was
not
at
all
sollicitous
of
the
Title
of
such
a
King
as
refembled
the
Gods
;
for
disdaining
the
appellations
of
Polieus
,
or
Polioukos
,
the
Tutelary
preserver
of
Cities
,
he
rather
affected
the
Name
of
Poliorcetes
,
the
Destroyer
of
Cities
.
By
his
affected
folly
mistaking
the
very
nature
of
vice
and
vertue
,
placing
his
glory
in
injustice
,
and
esteeming
base
and
ungenerous
actions
,
as
if
they
had
been
the
laudable
Ornaments
of
a
vertuous
Prince
.
But
to
return
to
the
historical
pursuit
of
his
life
,
Demetrius
being
at
Pella
,
fell
into
a
desperate
malady
,
the
true
daughter
of
Intemperance
and
Luxury
;
and
while
he
lay
strugling
with
the
violence
of
the
distemper
,
Pyrrhus
laying
hold
of
this
occasion
,
took
from
him
the
greatest
part
of
Macedon
,
and
advanced
as
far
as
the
City
of
Edessa
.
But
Demetrius
recovering
his
health
,
quickly
recovered
from
him
his
Dominions
also
,
and
obliged
Pyrrhus
,
to
content
himself
with
his
own
Kingdom
.
And
that
he
might
not
imploy
his
whole
time
in
these
little
conflicts
with
a
neighbour
,
his
thoughts
being
fixed
upon
another
design
from
which
he
was
unwilling
to
be
diverted
by
this
petty
War
,
he
concluded
a
Peace
with
Pyrrhus
.
For
now
he
had
formed
a
design
to
endeavour
the
recovery
of
the
whole
Empire
which
his
Father
had
possessed
;
and
his
preparations
were
every
way
suitable
to
his
aspiring
Hopes
,
and
the
greatness
of
the
Enterprize
.
He
gave
out
Commissions
for
the
levying
of
ninety
eight
thousand
Foot
,
and
twelve
thousand
Horse
;
and
orders
for
the
building
and
rigging
out
a
Fleet
of
five
hundred
Gallies
;
some
to
be
built
at
Athens
,
others
at
Corinth
,
Chalc●s
and
Pella
.
And
so
assiduous
and
diligent
was
he
,
in
the
forwarding
of
these
vast
preparations
,
that
he
was
continually
posting
from
place
to
place
,
to
give
advice
and
direction
to
the
Carpenters
and
Artificers
for
the
building
them
,
more
strong
and
serviceable
:
And
herein
he
was
so
great
a
Master
,
that
the
Artizans
themselves
,
as
well
as
all
others
,
were
amazed
,
not
so
much
at
the
number
,
as
at
the
stupendious
bulk
and
contrivance
of
this
extraordinary
Navy
;
for
hitherto
there
had
never
been
seen
a
Gally
with
fifteen
or
sixteen
ranges
of
Oars
.
It
is
true
,
that
afterwards
Ptolomy
Philopater
built
a
prodigious
Gally
of
eighty
Rows
of
Oars
,
which
was
two
hundred
and
eighty
Cubits
in
length
,
and
the
height
of
her
from
the
Water
to
the
top
of
her
stern
was
forty
eight
Cubits
,
she
had
four
hundred
Mariners
,
and
four
thousand
Rowers
,
and
besides
there
was
convenient
standing
for
very
near
three
thousand
Soldiers
to
fight
above
the
Decks
.
But
this
unwieldy
Hulk
after
all
this
,
was
only
fit
for
shew
,
and
not
for
service
,
for
she
looked
like
an
immovable
Castle
upon
the
Water
,
and
was
not
to
be
moved
without
extreme
toil
and
peril
;
whereas
these
Gallies
of
Demetrius
were
not
the
less
serviceable
for
their
magnificence
,
but
notwithstanding
their
beauty
and
ornaments
,
were
as
light
and
nimble
,
as
they
were
extraordinary
and
sumptuous
.
The
noise
and
storm
of
these
great
preparations
;
the
like
whereof
had
never
been
made
since
the
expedition
of
Alexander
the
Great
,
threatning
to
fall
upon
Asia
,
awakened
Seleucus
,
Ptolomy
,
and
Lysimachus
to
look
to
themselves
,
which
obliged
them
to
enter
into
a
confederacy
for
their
mutual
defence
and
security
:
They
therefore
dispatched
Embassadors
to
Pyrrhus
,
to
represent
to
him
the
necessity
of
rejecting
the
peace
he
had
made
which
Demetrius
,
and
to
perswade
him
to
give
him
a
deversion
,
by
making
an
incursion
into
Macedon
;
for
that
Demetrius
had
only
concluded
the
late
Peace
with
him
,
to
be
at
liberty
to
prosecute
his
greater
Designs
,
and
that
should
he
become
victorious
,
he
would
too
late
be
sensible
of
the
danger
of
so
potent
a
Neighbour
.
Pyrrhus
finding
Reason
in
the
Proposition
,
presently
closed
with
them
;
so
that
in
an
instant
Ptolomy
with
a
mighty
Navy
invaded
Greece
;
Lysimachus
entred
Macedon
upon
the
side
of
Thracia
,
and
Pyrrhus
fell
in
upon
that
part
next
to
Epirus
,
spoiling
and
wasting
the
whole
Country
.
This
was
an
unexpected
Surprize
to
Demetrius
;
but
however
,
leaving
his
Son
Antigonus
to
look
after
the
Affairs
of
Greece
,
he
marched
in
great
diligence
to
the
relief
of
Macedon
,
and
to
oppose
Lysimachus
:
He
was
no
sooner
arrived
near
the
Frontier
,
but
he
received
the
ill
News
that
Pyrrhus
had
taken
the
City
Beraea
;
and
the
Report
being
once
gotten
among
the
Souldiers
,
the
whole
Camp
was
filled
with
Disorders
and
Confusion
,
Cries
and
Lamentations
;
the
Souldiers
grew
insolent
and
mutinous
,
and
bestowing
a
thousand
Execrations
upon
Demetrius
,
they
openly
declared
,
that
they
would
march
home
to
take
Care
of
their
Country
,
Friends
,
and
Families
;
but
in
reality
the
Design
was
to
revolt
to
Lysimachus
.
Demetrius
finding
them
in
these
Distempers
,
resolved
to
remove
further
from
Lysimachus
;
for
he
judged
,
that
though
by
reason
of
their
former
kindness
to
that
Prince
,
under
whose
Conduct
many
of
them
had
served
in
the
Wars
of
Alexander
,
might
make
them
unwilling
to
combat
with
him
;
yet
they
would
make
no
difficulty
to
oppose
Pyrrhus
,
a
Foreigner
and
Invader
,
who
had
spoiled
their
Country
;
but
he
found
himself
under
great
Mistakes
in
these
Conjectures
:
for
when
he
was
advanced
near
to
Pyrrhus
,
these
Mutineers
took
occasion
to
extoll
the
Gallantry
and
Courage
of
Pyrrhus
,
his
generous
usage
of
those
who
had
been
his
Prisoners
,
and
to
declare
,
that
the
Kingdom
by
the
fundamental
Custom
,
the
Law
of
Antiquity
ought
to
devolve
upon
the
bravest
Man
;
and
in
short
,
to
meditate
a
general
Defection
and
Revolt
:
For
at
first
,
some
stragling
Parties
only
deserted
,
but
in
a
little
time
the
whole
Army
broke
out
into
an
universal
Mutiny
;
insomuch
that
some
of
them
insolently
told
him
,
that
if
he
consulted
his
own
Safety
,
he
were
best
to
make
haste
to
be
gone
;
for
that
the
Macedonians
were
resolved
no
longer
to
hazard
their
Lives
,
to
combat
for
the
satisfaction
of
his
Luxury
and
Ambition
;
these
were
moderate
Reproaches
in
comparison
of
some
others
which
he
was
obliged
to
endure
;
and
therefore
easily
guessing
what
would
be
the
Issue
,
if
he
should
expose
himself
longer
to
their
Rage
,
he
retired
to
his
Tent
,
and
putting
off
the
Imperial
Purple
,
stole
away
in
the
disguised
habit
of
a
private
Souldier
;
and
he
was
no
sooner
gone
,
but
the
Mutinous
Army
were
all
together
by
the
Ears
about
the
Plunder
of
his
Tent
;
but
Pyrrhus
coming
immediately
,
repressed
their
Fury
,
and
took
possession
of
it
himself
;
and
he
,
with
Lysimachus
,
parted
the
Realm
of
Macedon
betwixt
them
,
after
Demetrius
had
possessed
it
just
seven
years
,
As
for
Demetrius
,
being
thus
suddenly
despoiled
of
his
Crown
,
he
retired
to
Cassandria
,
where
Queen
Philla
,
oppressed
with
insupportable
grief
,
to
see
her
Husband
from
the
top
of
his
Glory
,
reduced
to
the
despicable
condition
of
a
private
and
banished
person
,
reproaching
Fortune
for
her
blind
Inconstancy
,
and
overcome
with
the
violence
of
her
Despair
,
she
took
a
fatal
Potion
,
chusing
rather
to
end
her
Days
with
the
quick
operation
of
the
mortal
Drug
,
than
to
languish
out
a
miserable
Life
in
the
tedious
delays
of
an
adverse
Fortune
.
But
Demetrius
did
not
love
her
so
well
as
to
bear
her
company
in
that
sort
of
Nectar
,
as
great
a
Friend
as
he
was
to
Li●uors
;
but
kept
his
hopes
still
warm
at
the
heart
;
and
studying
how
to
repair
the
Shipwrack
of
his
Affairs
,
he
parted
for
Greece
,
and
there
assembled
all
his
Friends
and
Captains
,
who
had
formerly
served
him
,
in
order
to
the
forming
an
Army
to
endeavour
the
recovery
of
his
former
Dignity
and
Dominions
;
and
one
may
well
apply
that
of
Sophocles
concerning
Menelaus
,
to
the
various
changes
of
this
Prince's
Estate
.
Mounted
on
Fortune's
ever
rowling
Wheel
,
Like
that
inconstant
Deity
I
reel
;
Or
like
the
fickle
Lady
of
the
Night
,
Who
still
puts
on
a
diff'rent
dress
of
Light
,
A
Silver
Cornet
first
adorns
her
Head
,
And
the
pale
Beauty
still
does
larger
spread
,
Till
her
grown
Lustre
,
blushing
Stars
admire
,
And
hide
their
out-of-Countenance
sparks
of
Fire
;
But
then
her
dwindling
Glories
fade
again
,
And
are
reduced
to
their
former
Wane
.
And
certainly
this
changeable
.
Planet
was
the
exact
Emblem
of
this
Prince
,
whose
Accessions
of
Glory
,
and
Eclipses
of
Honour
,
his
Rises
and
Falls
are
perfectly
figured
by
her
several
Faces
;
for
even
when
his
expiring
Glory
seemed
to
give
the
last
Gasps
,
his
Power
would
strangely
revive
,
and
his
Hopes
flourish
,
as
they
did
at
this
time
,
by
the
coming
of
divers
Troops
to
his
assistance
,
which
gave
him
encouragement
to
hope
for
the
re-establishment
of
his
Affairs
:
He
had
not
however
,
since
his
last
disgrace
,
re-assumed
the
Royal
Robe
;
whereupon
a
certain
Theban
,
seeing
him
in
the
mean
habit
of
a
private
Person
,
applied
to
him
the
Distich
of
Eurypides
,
Of
an
immortal
God
,
again
a
Mortal
made
,
He
courts
Ismena's
Banks
,
and
Dirce's
cooler
Shade
.
But
so
soon
as
he
began
to
entertain
a
prospect
of
Hope
,
of
the
change
of
his
Fortune
,
he
re-assumed
the
Regal
Habit
,
and
kept
a
little
kind
of
Court
at
Thebes
,
though
at
the
same
time
he
restored
their
Democratick
Government
to
that
City
.
As
for
the
treacherous
Athenians
,
in
this
Misfortune
,
they
again
basely
deserted
him
,
and
to
do
him
the
greater
Disgrace
,
they
displaced
Diphilus
,
who
was
that
year
the
Priest
of
the
The
Title
of
Antigonus
ond
Demetrius
.
two
Tutelar
Deities
,
and
by
a
Popular
Edict
restored
the
Priesthood
to
its
ancient
Form
;
and
hearing
that
Demetrius
grew
very
powerful
,
they
sent
to
King
Pyrrhus
,
to
beg
his
Assistance
and
Protection
.
Demetrius
justly
enraged
against
them
for
their
repeated
Perfidies
,
marched
to
Athens
,
and
laid
close
Siege
to
the
City
:
In
this
Distress
they
sent
out
to
him
Craterus
the
Philosopher
,
a
Person
of
great
Authority
and
Reputation
,
to
mediate
a
Composure
;
who
managed
his
Negotiation
with
so
much
dexterity
,
that
,
what
with
his
humble
Intreaties
and
Remonstrances
,
and
the
solid
Reasons
which
he
offered
,
Demetrius
was
persuaded
to
raise
the
Siege
;
and
shipping
his
Army
which
consisted
of
eleven
thousand
Men
,
he
resolved
upon
an
Expedition
into
Caria
and
Lydia
,
to
take
those
Provinces
from
Lysimachus
;
arriving
at
Miletus
,
he
was
met
there
by
Eurydice
,
the
Sister
of
Philla
,
his
deceased
Lady
,
who
brought
along
with
her
Ptolemaida
,
the
Daughter
whom
she
had
by
King
Ptolomy
;
which
young
Lady
had
before
been
affianced
to
Demetrius
,
and
with
whom
he
now
consummated
his
Nuptials
;
but
he
was
too
intent
upon
his
other
Designs
,
to
be
diverted
from
them
by
his
new
Amour
;
and
therefore
he
presently
began
the
Campagne
,
and
was
so
fortunate
in
the
beginning
,
that
many
Cities
revolted
to
him
;
and
others
,
as
particularly
,
the
City
of
Sardis
,
he
took
by
force
,
divers
Troops
of
Lysimachus
also
came
over
to
him
with
a
considerable
Sum
of
Money
.
But
his
Fortune
,
which
was
never
constant
,
was
now
never
lasting
;
for
Agathocles
,
the
Son
of
Lysimachus
,
with
a
powerful
Army
made
head
against
him
;
which
obliged
him
,
with
his
Army
to
divert
into
Phrygia
,
with
an
intention
to
pass
into
Armenia
;
for
he
had
an
imagination
,
that
if
he
could
persuade
the
Medes
or
Armenians
to
revolt
,
he
should
thereby
gain
many
convenient
Sea-Ports
,
and
Places
of
Retreat
,
to
secure
him
against
any
ill
Accident
or
Disaster
that
might
befall
him
:
Agathocles
pressed
very
hard
upon
him
,
and
many
Skirmishes
and
Conflicts
passed
between
Parties
,
wherein
Demetrius
had
still
the
Advantage
:
But
Agathocles
being
much
superiour
in
number
,
straightned
him
so
much
in
his
Forage
,
that
his
Souldiers
were
forced
to
conflict
more
with
Famine
,
than
with
their
Enemies
,
and
shewed
a
great
unwillingness
to
go
into
Armenia
and
Media
;
so
that
for
fresh
Quarters
he
was
obliged
to
pass
over
the
River
Lycus
,
and
in
the
passage
,
many
of
his
Men
,
by
the
rapidness
of
the
Torrent
,
were
carried
down
the
Stream
,
and
drowned
:
This
Mischance
exasperated
the
Souldiers
to
that
degree
,
that
one
of
them
fixed
this
Paper
upon
the
Door
of
his
Pavillion
,
taken
out
of
Oedipus
,
with
a
little
variation
of
the
Name
.
Thou
Son
of
blind
Antigonus
,
Whither
dost
mean
to
hurry
us
?
And
to
add
to
his
Misfortune
,
the
Pestilence
,
as
is
usual
,
when
Armies
are
driven
to
such
Necessities
,
as
to
subsist
upon
unwholsom
Diet
,
began
to
assail
them
as
well
as
the
Famine
;
so
that
he
lost
eight
thousand
of
his
Men
,
and
with
the
rest
he
retired
to
Tarsus
;
and
because
that
City
was
under
the
Dominion
of
Seleucus
,
he
strictly
prohibited
his
Souldiers
the
committing
any
manner
of
outrages
or
violence
,
being
unwilling
to
create
himself
a
new
Enemy
of
Seleucus
;
but
when
he
perceived
it
was
impossible
to
keep
the
Souldiers
in
order
,
they
being
reduced
to
extreme
necessity
,
and
Agathocles
having
block'd
up
all
the
Avenues
of
Mount
Taurus
,
to
prevent
their
foraging
in
his
Territories
,
he
resolved
to
write
to
Seleucus
,
to
appease
him
in
this
Matter
:
The
Letter
contained
a
long
and
tragical
Relation
of
the
miserable
state
to
which
he
was
reduced
,
and
passionate
Intercessions
for
his
commiseration
to
a
distressed
King
and
Relation
,
who
was
fallen
into
such
a
deplorable
condition
,
as
might
extort
Tenderness
and
Pity
from
his
very
Enemies
.
These
Letters
did
so
mollifie
the
Heart
of
Seleucus
,
that
he
gave
out
positive
Orders
,
to
the
Governours
of
those
Provinces
,
that
they
should
furnish
Demetrius
with
all
Accommodations
suitable
to
his
Royal
Quality
,
and
with
sufficient
Provisions
for
his
Troops
.
But
Patrocles
,
a
Person
of
great
Authority
,
and
the
Confident
of
Seleucus
,
persuaded
him
,
that
this
entertainment
of
Demetrius
,
especially
of
his
Souldiers
,
within
his
Dominions
,
was
not
at
all
agreeable
to
the
sound
Maxims
of
Policy
;
in
regard
,
that
of
all
the
Kings
of
his
time
,
Demetrius
was
the
most
violent
in
his
Inclinations
,
and
addicted
to
bold
and
daring
Enterprizes
;
and
that
now
being
driven
to
Extremities
by
his
adverse
Fortune
,
a
Condition
which
many
times
tempted
Persons
of
the
greatest
Temper
and
Moderation
,
to
the
most
desperate
Attempts
,
he
could
not
with
any
Security
to
himself
,
afford
him
this
Retreat
or
Entertainment
:
Seleucus
animated
with
this
Discourse
,
advanced
with
a
powerful
Army
towards
Cilicia
;
and
Demetrius
,
astonished
at
this
sudden
alteration
,
betook
himself
for
safety
to
the
Strengths
and
most
inaccessible
places
of
Mount
Taurus
;
from
whence
he
sent
Envoys
to
Seleucus
,
to
request
from
him
,
that
he
would
permit
him
the
liberty
with
his
Army
to
seek
to
repair
his
broken
Fortunes
among
the
barbarous
Nations
,
and
there
to
establish
a
Kingdom
,
where
he
might
pass
the
remainder
of
his
Life
in
quiet
and
repose
;
and
not
in
that
rigorous
Season
of
Winter
,
to
expose
him
in
this
distressed
,
naked
condition
,
to
the
fury
of
his
implacable
Enemies
;
but
to
allow
him
a
competent
Time
,
and
Maintenance
for
the
support
of
his
small
Army
,
till
he
might
with
convenience
depart
.
But
Seleucus
,
whose
Jealousie
was
now
the
governing
Passion
of
his
Soul
,
sent
him
this
peremptory
Answer
,
That
he
would
permit
him
to
stay
two
Months
and
no
longer
in
Cataonia
,
provided
he
presently
sent
him
the
principal
of
his
Friends
and
Officers
,
as
Hostages
for
his
departure
then
;
and
in
the
mean
time
he
shut
up
all
the
Passages
into
Syria
:
So
that
Demetrius
,
who
saw
himself
thus
encompassed
as
in
a
Toil
,
like
an
enraged
Lion
,
flew
upon
the
Prey
,
and
fell
to
wasting
the
Territories
of
Seleucus
,
and
in
many
Encounters
had
the
advantage
of
him
;
and
particularly
,
when
he
was
assailed
by
the
Armed
Chariots
,
he
entirely
defeated
them
,
and
thereby
opened
his
passage
into
Syria
:
And
now
finding
his
Souldiers
animated
by
these
Successes
,
he
was
resolved
to
push
at
all
,
and
to
have
one
deciding
Blow
for
the
Empire
with
Seleucus
;
but
that
crafty
Prince
having
refused
the
assistance
of
Lysimachus
,
whom
he
both
mistrusted
and
hated
,
made
no
great
haste
to
the
Encounter
,
but
chose
rather
to
weary
Demetrius
,
and
waste
his
Power
by
Delays
;
for
there
was
nothing
that
he
dreaded
more
than
the
perpetual
vicissitude
of
that
Prince's
Fortune
,
which
he
had
so
often
known
to
have
been
raised
from
the
most
deplorate
state
,
to
the
greatest
excess
of
Glory
.
But
now
all
things
seemed
to
conspire
to
the
Ruine
of
this
miserable
Prince
;
for
he
was
seized
with
a
violent
Distemper
,
which
did
not
only
endanger
his
Life
,
but
deprived
him
of
his
Reason
;
so
that
his
Army
began
to
moulder
away
insensibly
;
some
deserting
,
and
others
stealing
away
from
the
Service
,
which
they
concluded
desperate
;
after
forty
days
he
began
to
be
so
far
recovered
,
as
to
be
able
to
rally
his
Forces
,
and
marched
as
if
he
directly
designed
for
Cilicia
;
but
in
the
Night
,
in
great
silence
he
took
a
Counter-March
,
and
passing
the
Mountain
Amanus
,
he
forraged
all
the
Country
as
far
as
Cyrrhestica
.
Whereupon
Seleucus
advanced
towards
him
,
and
encamping
at
no
great
distance
,
Demetrius
took
a
resolution
to
surprize
him
in
his
Camp
;
but
the
Design
being
by
some
Fugitives
discovered
to
Seleucus
,
he
had
but
just
time
in
great
consternation
to
leap
out
of
his
Bed
,
and
give
the
Alarm
to
his
men
;
as
he
was
putting
on
his
Boots
to
mount
to
Horse
,
Sirs
,
said
he
to
the
Officers
about
him
;
Look
well
to
your
Charges
;
for
we
must
now
expect
to
combat
with
a
furious
,
and
enraged
wild
Beast
.
But
Demetrius
,
by
the
Noise
and
Murmur
he
heard
in
the
Camp
,
finding
they
had
taken
the
Alarm
,
drew
off
his
Troops
,
and
began
to
retreat
in
the
best
order
that
he
could
;
but
the
Morning
quickly
appearing
,
Seleucus
followed
hard
upon
his
Rear
,
and
obliged
him
to
a
disadvantageous
Encounter
.
Demetrius
,
having
drawn
his
Army
into
Order
,
and
given
the
Command
of
one
half
of
his
Troops
to
one
of
his
most
expert
Captains
,
with
the
other
he
in
Person
charged
so
furiously
,
that
he
forced
his
Enemies
to
give
Ground
:
But
Seleucus
lighting
from
his
Horse
,
and
covering
his
Arm
with
a
Target
,
advanced
to
the
foremost
Ranks
,
and
having
put
up
the
Vizor
of
his
Helmet
,
that
he
might
be
known
,
he
addressed
himself
to
the
Souldiers
of
Demetrius
,
exhorting
them
to
lay
down
their
Arms
,
and
not
desperately
throw
away
their
Lives
;
telling
them
withal
,
that
it
was
for
their
sakes
only
that
he
had
so
long
forborn
coming
to
Extremities
:
And
thereupon
,
without
a
Blow
more
,
these
perfidious
Mercenaries
submitted
,
and
saluted
Seleucus
as
their
King
.
Demetrius
,
who
in
the
whole
course
of
his
Life
,
had
been
accustomed
to
strange
Turns
,
from
thence
drew
a
hope
that
he
should
weather
this
Storm
also
;
and
therefore
with
the
slender
attendance
of
his
Friends
,
he
fled
to
the
Mountain
Amanus
,
where
,
in
a
thick
and
spacious
Wood
he
secured
himself
,
resolving
,
under
the
Mantle
of
the
Night
,
to
make
his
Escape
towards
Caunus
;
where
he
hoped
to
find
his
Shipping
ready
to
transport
him
:
But
upon
Enquiry
,
finding
that
they
had
not
provisions
for
more
than
one
day
,
that
Design
was
quash'd
,
and
he
began
to
think
of
some
other
Project
,
whilst
he
was
rowling
over
a
thousand
irresolute
Thoughts
,
his
Friend
Sosigenes
arrived
,
who
had
four
hundred
Pieces
of
Gold
about
him
,
and
with
this
little
Relief
,
he
again
re-assumed
his
first
Resolution
and
Hopes
to
recover
the
Coast
;
so
soon
as
it
began
to
be
dark
,
he
set
forward
towards
the
Mountains
;
but
perceiving
by
their
Fires
,
that
the
Enemies
had
possessed
themselves
of
all
the
Passages
,
and
that
it
was
impossible
for
him
to
pass
undiscovered
,
he
retreated
to
his
old
Station
in
the
Wood
,
but
not
with
all
his
Troop
:
for
divers
had
deserted
him
,
and
the
little
Remainder
were
extremely
dejected
and
disheartned
,
so
that
some
of
them
began
to
talk
of
rendring
themselves
and
Demetrius
to
Seleucus
,
as
the
only
Means
left
them
for
their
Safety
:
Which
Demetrius
over-hearing
,
he
drew
out
his
Sword
,
and
had
infallibly
passed
it
through
his
own
Heart
,
but
that
some
of
his
Friends
interposing
,
prevented
the
fatal
Attempt
,
and
began
to
persuade
him
,
that
it
was
much
more
manly
to
try
the
Generosity
of
Seleucus
,
and
to
reserve
his
Life
for
a
better
Destiny
,
and
●uture
Hopes
:
and
with
these
Arguments
,
but
principally
by
irresistable
necessity
,
he
suffered
himself
to
be
overcome
;
and
therefore
dispatched
some
of
his
Attendants
to
Seleucus
,
to
let
him
know
that
he
was
willing
to
surrender
himself
and
his
Friends
to
his
Generosity
and
Mercy
.
Seleucus
transported
at
this
News
,
cried
out
:
It
is
not
the
good
Fortune
of
Demetrius
,
which
hath
found
out
this
Expedient
for
his
Safety
,
but
my
own
;
which
I
esteem
the
greatest
favour
she
ever
did
me
,
since
thereby
she
hath
given
me
opportunity
to
shew
my
Clemency
and
Generosity
.
And
instantly
he
gave
Order
to
his
Domestick
Officers
to
prepare
a
Royal
Pavillion
,
and
all
things
suitable
,
for
the
splendid
Reception
and
Entertainment
of
Demetrius
.
There
was
in
the
Court
of
Seleucus
,
one
Apollonides
,
who
formerly
had
been
intimately
known
to
Demetrius
;
he
was
therefore
,
as
the
fittest
Person
,
dispatched
from
the
King
,
to
attend
Demetrius
,
and
to
desire
him
to
dissipate
all
manner
of
fear
and
distrust
,
and
to
give
him
assurance
that
Seleucus
was
resolved
to
treat
him
with
all
the
Honour
due
to
a
King
,
and
the
kindness
of
a
Relation
.
No
sooner
was
this
message
known
,
but
all
the
principal
Courtiers
and
Officers
of
Seleucus
,
thinking
Demetrius
would
presently
become
a
great
favourite
with
the
King
,
made
hast
to
congratulate
with
Demetrius
and
kiss
his
hand
:
but
this
ill
tim'd
application
and
over
officiousness
,
proved
very
mischievous
to
that
poor
Prince
;
for
it
gave
occasion
to
his
Enemies
to
insinuate
to
Seleucus
,
that
this
Usage
of
Demetrius
was
a
most
dangerous
Civility
,
and
that
his
presence
might
have
very
fatal
influences
upon
the
Army
,
the
Officers
shewing
more
inclination
to
him
already
than
was
consistent
with
their
Duty
,
or
the
safety
of
Seleucus
;
which
representations
made
such
impressions
upon
the
spirit
of
Seleucus
,
as
produced
different
sentiments
and
resolutions
from
the
former
.
For
whilest
Apollonides
,
and
after
him
many
others
were
relating
to
Demetrius
the
kind
expressions
of
Seleucus
,
and
the
Orders
he
had
given
;
and
that
poor
Prince
,
who
before
thought
this
Rendition
of
himself
,
the
greatest
misfortune
of
his
Life
,
now
began
in
his
thoughts
to
applaud
the
Action
,
and
to
flatter
himself
with
vain
hopes
,
Pausanias
with
a
Guard
of
a
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
,
amidst
all
the
Caresses
of
his
Friends
,
came
,
and
by
order
from
the
King
seized
him
,
and
carried
him
,
not
as
he
hoped
,
as
a
Prince
to
the
Presence
of
Seleucus
,
but
a
Prisoner
to
the
Castle
of
Chersonesus
in
Syria
,
where
he
was
committed
to
the
safe
Custody
of
a
strong
Guard
.
It
is
true
he
wanted
nothing
but
Liberty
,
for
by
the
command
of
Seleucus
,
he
had
a
most
liberal
allowance
for
himself
and
retinue
;
he
had
the
liberty
of
a
curious
Garden
and
delightful
Walks
,
and
was
for
his
Exercise
permitted
the
Freedom
of
hunting
in
a
large
Park
excellently
stored
with
Game
of
all
sorts
,
and
had
Horses
likewise
provided
for
his
diversion
,
and
for
his
Chariots
,
and
to
make
his
life
more
easie
,
such
of
his
Servants
as
were
willing
to
follow
his
Fortune
,
had
the
freedom
of
attending
upon
his
Person
;
continual
messages
of
kindness
also
,
from
time
to
time
were
brought
him
from
Seleucus
,
requesting
him
to
support
the
present
Restraint
of
his
Liberty
chearfully
,
assuring
him
,
that
so
soon
as
Antiochus
and
Stratonice
should
arrive
at
the
Court
,
the
Conditions
and
Articles
of
restoring
him
to
his
Liberty
should
be
perfected
.
But
Demetrius
had
learnt
to
give
little
credit
to
these
deluding
pretences
,
and
therefore
so
soon
as
he
was
fallen
into
the
misfortune
of
this
Captivity
,
he
sent
Express
command
to
his
Son
Antigonus
,
and
to
his
Captains
and
Friends
,
at
Athens
and
Corinth
,
that
they
should
give
no
manner
of
credit
to
any
Letters
written
to
them
in
his
name
,
though
they
were
sealed
with
his
own
Signet
,
but
,
that
looking
upon
him
as
if
he
were
already
dead
,
they
should
reserve
what
was
left
of
his
Empire
for
Antigonus
,
and
esteem
him
as
their
lawful
King
.
As
for
Antigonus
,
he
received
the
sad
news
of
his
Father's
Captivity
,
with
all
the
Testimonies
of
a
most
afflictive
sorrow
;
he
put
himself
into
deep
mourning
,
and
writ
the
most
passionate
and
tender
Letters
to
Seleucus
,
and
the
rest
of
the
Kings
,
that
his
grief
could
dictate
;
he
offered
not
only
whatever
they
had
left
in
the
World
,
but
himself
to
be
a
Hostage
for
the
Liberty
of
the
King
his
Father
.
Several
other
Princes
,
and
divers
Cities
also
,
became
intercessors
for
his
freedom
:
only
Lysimachus
by
his
Embassadors
,
basely
offered
a
large
sum
of
mony
to
Seleucus
to
take
away
his
life
;
but
by
this
barbarous
proposal
,
he
rendred
himself
most
detestable
to
Seleucus
,
to
whom
he
was
sufficiently
odious
before
;
nevertheless
he
still
protracted
the
time
of
his
deliverance
,
resolving
,
as
he
pretended
,
that
he
should
owe
it
to
the
Intercession
of
Antigonus
and
Stratonice
.
Demetrius
,
to
whom
misfortunes
had
been
customary
,
grew
so
familiar
with
this
,
that
by
long
continuance
,
it
became
habitually
easie
:
At
first
he
accustomed
himself
to
frequent
exercises
,
Hunting
,
Horse-races
,
and
such
other
divertisements
as
were
permitted
him
,
but
by
degrees
he
came
to
disuse
them
,
and
applied
himself
to
Dice
and
Drinking
,
and
to
divert
the
importunity
of
his
melancholy
thoughts
,
with
which
he
was
haunted
when
sober
,
he
took
the
Remedy
of
Intemperance
,
a
Cure
worse
than
the
Disease
;
and
whether
this
was
the
reason
,
or
that
this
sort
of
pleasure
was
what
he
most
naturally
affected
,
and
judged
that
he
had
committed
an
error
in
suffering
himself
to
be
diverted
from
it
by
his
mad
and
vain
Ambition
,
which
had
created
so
much
trouble
to
himself
and
others
,
he
now
spent
the
greatest
part
of
his
time
in
this
Way
of
consuming
both
that
and
his
health
;
and
he
,
who
had
so
restlesly
toiled
to
find
glory
and
happiness
,
by
Sea
and
Land
,
in
mighty
Fleets
,
and
formidable
Armies
,
now
thought
he
had
found
the
only
Way
to
tranquillity
and
repose
,
and
he
would
often
passionately
say
,
What
other
Period
is
there
of
all
those
Wars
,
which
miserable
Princes
are
wont
to
make
,
and
what
recompence
can
they
hope
for
,
to
balance
the
pains
they
are
at
,
and
the
dangers
to
which
they
are
continually
exposed
,
besides
sitting
down
quietly
at
last
,
and
enjoying
their
pleasures
and
delights
?
Demetrius
having
thus
continued
three
years
a
Prisoner
in
Chersonesus
,
for
want
of
exercise
,
and
by
indulging
himself
in
Intemperance
,
in
the
54th
.
year
of
his
Age
fell
sick
of
a
Distemper
,
which
ended
not
but
with
his
life
:
And
Seleucus
was
extremely
censured
for
making
such
professions
of
kindness
,
and
restoring
his
Liberty
to
this
Unfortunate
Prince
,
but
not
performing
them
;
and
herein
he
did
not
imitate
the
bravery
of
Dromichetes
of
Thrace
,
who
not
only
treated
Lysimachus
,
when
he
was
his
Prisoner
,
nobly
and
like
a
King
,
but
quickly
restored
him
to
his
former
condition
of
Liberty
.
And
now
we
must
attend
the
Unfortunate
Demetrius
with
our
last
service
to
his
Funerals
,
which
suitable
to
his
life
,
were
very
pompous
and
magnificent
.
For
his
Son
Antigonus
understanding
that
his
ashes
were
coming
over
from
Syria
,
he
went
with
a
noble
Fleet
to
the
Isles
of
the
Archipelagus
to
meet
them
,
and
caused
them
to
be
deposited
in
an
Vrn
of
massy
Gold
.
All
the
Cities
,
where
they
touched
in
their
passage
sent
Chapplets
to
adorn
the
Vrn
,
and
deputed
certain
of
the
best
of
their
Citizens
in
deep
mourning
to
assist
at
the
funeral
Solemnity
.
When
the
Fleet
of
Antigonus
approached
the
harbour
of
Corinth
,
the
Vrn
covered
with
Purple
,
and
a
Royal
Crown
upon
it
,
was
placed
upon
the
Poop
of
the
Admiral
Gally
,
a
Troop
of
young
Noble
Men
and
Persons
of
Quality
attended
in
Arms
upon
the
Key
to
receive
it
at
landing
;
and
Xenophon
the
fam'd
Musician
began
a
Mournful
Song
in
praise
of
the
Dead
,
to
which
the
Rowers
in
sorrowful
Ejaculations
made
responses
,
their
Oars
all
the
while
in
their
stroaks
keeping
time
with
the
doleful
Cadences
of
the
Musick
.
Antigonus
,
who
appeared
all
covered
with
tears
and
mourning
,
moved
the
Universal
compassion
of
the
numerous
Spectators
;
and
the
Crowns
and
others
Trophies
of
Honour
being
left
at
Corinth
,
the
Vrn
was
conveyed
to
Demetriada
,
a
City
to
which
Demetrius
had
given
his
name
,
after
it
had
been
built
by
his
direction
,
and
peopled
with
the
Inhabitants
of
the
small
Villages
of
Jolchos
.
Demetrius
left
no
other
Children
by
his
Queen
Philla
but
Antigonus
and
Stratonice
,
but
he
had
two
other
Sons
,
both
of
his
own
name
,
one
whereof
was
surnamed
the
Meagre
,
by
a
Sclavonian
Lady
,
and
the
other
by
Ptolemaida
,
who
reigned
in
Cyrene
:
He
had
also
Alexander
by
Queen
Deidamia
who
died
in
Egypt
,
and
there
are
some
who
will
have
it
,
that
he
had
also
a
Son
by
Euridice
whose
name
was
Coriabus
.
To
conclude
,
the
Descendants
of
Demetrius
in
a
continued
Succession
of
Kings
enjoyed
the
Crown
of
Macedon
,
Perseus
being
the
last
who
was
vanquished
and
led
in
triumph
by
the
Romans
.
And
now
having
represented
the
Tragedy
with
which
Macedon
hath
furnished
us
,
it
is
time
to
take
a
view
of
that
which
we
expect
from
Rome
.
M.
ANTHONY
.
M
Bur
〈…〉
THE
LIFE
OF
MARCUS
ANTONIUS
.
From
the
Greek
,
By
CHARLES
FRASER
,
M.
D.
VOLUME
V.
THE
Grandfather
of
Antony
was
the
His
Parentage
.
famous
Pleader
,
whom
Marius
put
to
death
for
having
taken
part
with
Sylla
:
His
Father
was
Antony
surnamed
the
Cretan
,
not
the
same
with
him
that
was
so
celebrated
and
esteemed
for
his
skill
in
publick
affairs
,
but
a
worthy
good
man
,
and
particularly
remarkable
for
his
Liberality
,
which
may
appear
from
this
sing●e
Action
of
his
.
He
was
not
very
rich
,
and
withal
diverted
from
the
exercise
of
his
good
Nature
by
his
Wife
,
a
Friend
of
his
that
stood
in
need
of
money
came
to
borrow
of
him
;
money
he
had
none
,
and
therefore
commands
his
Servant
to
bring
water
in
a
silver
Bason
with
which
he
lather'd
himself
,
as
though
he
had
design'd
to
shave
,
and
sending
away
the
Servant
upon
another
Errand
,
gave
his
Friend
the
Bason
,
desiring
him
to
make
what
use
he
pleas'd
on
't
,
but
this
making
a
great
stir
among
the
Servants
,
and
putting
his
Wife
into
very
ill
humour
,
to
save
her
the
trouble
of
any
further
enquiry
he
acknowledged
what
he
had
done
,
and
begg'd
her
pardon
.
His
Wife
was
Julia
of
the
Family
of
the
Caesars
,
who
for
her
discretion
and
fair
behaviour
was
not
inferiour
to
the
most
celebrated
Ladies
of
that
time
.
'T
was
under
her
that
Antony
received
his
Education
,
she
being
after
the
death
of
his
Father
remarryed
to
Cornelius
Lentulus
,
who
was
put
to
death
by
Cicero
for
having
been
of
Catiline's
Conspiracy
:
This
probably
was
the
first
ground
and
occasion
of
that
mortal
grudge
that
Antony
bore
Cicero
,
who
also
did
pretend
that
the
body
of
Lentulus
was
denied
Burial
,
till
by
great
application
made
to
Cicero's
Wife
it
was
granted
to
Julia
.
But
this
seems
to
be
a
manifest
Error
,
for
none
of
those
that
suffer'd
in
the
Consulate
of
Cicero
had
the
right
of
Burial
deny'd
them
:
As
soon
as
Antony
was
grown
Is
debaucht
by
Curio
.
up
,
he
prov'd
a
very
beautiful
youth
,
but
by
the
worst
of
misfortunes
he
fell
into
the
acquaintance
and
made
a
strict
Friendship
with
Curio
,
a
Man
abandon'd
to
his
pleasures
;
who
,
to
make
Antony's
dependance
of
greater
necessity
,
plung'd
him
into
all
the
inconveniencies
of
Whoring
and
Drinking
,
and
made
his
Expences
so
Extravagant
,
that
he
contracted
a
debt
that
was
very
shameful
in
one
of
his
age
,
even
two
hundred
and
fifty
Talents
.
Curio
was
his
Surety
,
which
coming
to
the
knowledge
of
Curio's
Father
,
he
took
an
occasion
to
dismiss
Antony
from
his
house
.
Soon
after
this
he
engaged
himself
with
Clodius
the
most
insolent
and
turbulent
disturber
of
the
Government
,
that
that
age
had
produced
,
but
not
being
able
long
to
endure
his
madness
,
and
withal
apprehensive
of
the
powerful
Cabal
against
Clodius
,
he
left
Italy
,
and
travell'd
into
Greece
,
where
he
spent
his
time
in
warlike
Exercises
,
and
in
the
Study
of
Eloquence
;
he
affected
much
the
Asiatick
way
of
speaking
,
which
was
most
in
fashion
then
,
and
had
most
resemblance
to
his
temper
,
which
was
very
Rhodomantade
and
brave
,
very
Ambitious
,
and
unequal
.
After
some
stay
in
Greece
,
he
was
invited
by
Gabinius
the
Proconsul
to
make
a
Compagne
in
Syria
,
which
at
first
he
refused
,
not
being
willing
to
serve
in
a
private
Character
,
but
receiving
a
Commission
to
Command
the
Horse
,
he
went
along
with
him
.
His
first
service
was
against
Aristobulus
,
who
had
prevail'd
with
the
Jews
to
Rebel
.
He
himself
was
the
first
that
scal'd
the
Walls
,
and
on
the
strongest
side
of
the
Town
,
beat
him
from
all
his
Forts
,
and
in
a
pitcht
Battel
overcame
him
,
though
much
inferior
in
number
,
put
most
of
them
to
the
Sword
,
and
took
Aristobulus
and
his
Son
Prisoners
.
This
War
ended
Gabinius
was
sollicited
by
Ptolomy
,
to
restore
him
to
his
Kingdom
of
Aegypt
,
and
a
promise
made
of
ten
thousand
Talents
reward
,
most
of
the
Officers
were
against
this
enterprize
,
and
Gabinius
himself
did
not
much
approve
it
,
though
shrewdly
tempted
by
the
ten
thousand
Talents
,
which
had
a
powerful
influence
over
him
.
But
Antony
desirous
of
engaging
in
brave
Actions
,
and
willing
to
gratifie
a
Petitioning
King
,
was
resolv'd
to
use
all
his
Interest
to
bring
about
Gabinius
to
undertake
this
Expedition
,
all
were
of
opinion
that
the
March
to
Peleusium
was
of
more
dangerous
consequence
than
any
thing
else
that
could
probably
happen
in
the
way
;
for
they
were
to
pass
over
a
deep
Sand
,
where
no
fresh
water
was
to
be
hop'd
for
,
all
along
the
Marishes
of
Serbonis
,
which
the
Aegyptians
give
out
to
be
the
hollow
Canal
through
which
Typhon
takes
his
breath
,
and
is
in
truth
an
Eruption
caused
by
the
over-flowing
of
the
Red-Sea
,
which
is
separate
from
the
Mediterranean
but
by
a
small
Neck
of
Land
.
But
Antony
being
Order'd
thither
with
a
party
of
Horse
,
did
not
only
make
himself
Master
of
the
passes
,
but
won
Peleusium
a
strong
City
,
took
in
the
Citadel
,
and
by
this
means
rendred
the
March
secure
to
the
Army
,
and
the
way
to
Victory
not
uneasie
to
the
General
.
The
Enemy
was
sensible
of
Antony's
generous
disposition
,
for
when
Ptolomy
had
entred
Peleusium
in
great
rage
and
malice
,
against
the
Aegyptians
,
designing
to
put
them
every
one
to
the
Sword
:
Antony
positively
withstood
him
,
and
hindred
the
Execution
.
In
great
and
frequent
skirmishes
and
battels
many
were
the
proofs
he
gave
of
his
personal
Valor
and
Military
Conduct
,
but
never
did
it
more
plainly
appear
than
in
that
Action
of
his
,
when
wheeling
about
he
attack'd
the
Rear
of
the
Enemy
,
and
gave
opportunity
to
them
that
charg'd
the
Front
to
obtain
an
intire
Victory
,
for
which
he
received
both
rewards
and
honors
.
Nor
was
his
humanity
less
taken
notice
of
towards
the
deceased
Archelaus
,
he
had
been
formerly
his
Guest
and
Acquaintance
,
as
he
was
in
duty
bound
he
fought
him
bravely
while
alive
,
but
finding
his
dead
body
,
he
buried
him
with
all
the
Ornaments
and
Decency
which
were
due
to
the
quality
of
a
King
.
Upon
these
and
many
other
considerations
,
the
Alexandrians
spoke
of
him
with
infinite
respect
,
and
the
Roman
Soldiers
lookt
upon
him
as
one
of
most
worthy
qualifications
;
to
compleat
all
,
he
was
a
Man
of
Excellent
Shape
and
Mein
,
his
Beard
was
of
a
comely
growth
,
his
Fore-head
large
,
his
Nose
was
of
the
Roman
Shape
,
and
something
he
had
in
his
Countenance
of
Greatness
,
that
made
him
seem
to
resemble
the
Statues
and
Medals
we
have
of
Hercules
,
and
it
was
an
ancient
Tradition
that
the
Antonies
were
descended
of
Hercules
by
a
Son
of
his
called
Anteon
,
and
this
Opinion
he
endeavored
to
confirm
by
affecting
the
likeness
of
him
both
in
his
Mein
and
Dress
,
for
whensoever
he
appear'd
in
publick
he
wore
his
Vest
girt
low
about
the
hips
,
a
broad
Sword
on
his
side
,
and
over
all
a
large
course
Plad
,
or
Mantle
.
What
might
seem
to
some
very
insupportable
,
as
vain
glory
,
raillery
,
drinking
in
publick
,
frequenting
the
Common
Soldiers
Tables
and
eating
places
,
made
him
the
delight
and
pleasure
of
the
whole
Army
.
He
was
very
agreeable
in
his
Loves
,
and
gain'd
many
Friends
by
the
assistance
he
gave
them
in
theirs
,
being
very
pleasant
in
his
Raillery
upon
his
own
intrigues
.
The
generous
temper
which
he
was
of
,
in
disposing
of
his
gratuities
with
an
open
and
liberal
hand
to
the
Soldiers
,
and
his
Friends
,
gave
him
a
fair
opportunity
of
making
his
fortune
,
and
was
very
advantageous
to
him
in
establishing
him
in
his
new
honours
and
employments
,
from
which
it
is
improbable
he
ever
could
have
fallen
,
but
by
a
thousand
follies
which
he
was
Master
of
.
One
instance
of
his
Liberality
I
must
relate
,
he
had
order'd
to
one
of
his
Friends
twenty
five
thousand
Crowns
,
and
his
Steward
wondring
at
the
extravagance
of
the
sum
,
laid
all
the
Silver
in
a
heap
as
he
should
pass
by
.
Antony
seeing
the
heap
ask'd
what
it
meant
?
His
Steward
reply'd
,
the
mony
you
have
order'd
to
be
dispos'd
of
to
your
Friend
,
well
perceiving
the
malice
of
the
Action
,
says
he
,
I
thought
I
had
order'd
much
more
,
't
is
too
little
,
pray
let
the
sum
be
doubled
;
but
enough
of
this
.
The
Citizens
of
Rome
were
divided
into
two
parties
,
they
that
seemed
to
favor
the
Senate
follow'd
Pompey
,
who
was
then
present
,
the
others
that
consider'd
the
interest
of
the
People
sheltred
themselves
under
the
Authority
of
Caesar
,
who
was
then
making
War
in
Gaul
.
Curio
the
Friend
of
Antony
having
changed
his
party
,
had
devoted
himself
to
Caesar
,
and
brought
over
Antony
to
his
service
,
the
Authority
which
he
had
gain'd
by
his
Eloquence
and
great
expences
which
were
constantly
supply'd
by
Caesar
,
gave
him
opportunity
of
making
his
Friend
Antony
first
Tribune
of
the
People
and
then
Augur
,
whose
coming
into
the
heat
of
business
made
him
capable
of
rendring
no
small
services
to
Caesar
.
In
the
first
place
he
oppos'd
the
Consul
Marcellus
,
who
had
designed
some
old
Legions
for
Pompey
with
Commission
to
raise
new
ones
,
making
an
order
that
they
should
be
sent
into
Syria
to
reinforce
Bibulus
his
Army
,
who
was
then
making
War
with
the
Parthians
,
and
that
no
one
,
as
they
should
answer
it
at
their
peril
,
should
give
in
their
Names
to
serve
under
Pompey
.
Next
finding
that
Pompey's
Faction
would
not
suffer
Caesar's
Letters
to
be
received
or
read
in
the
Senate
,
by
vertue
of
his
Office
he
read
them
publickly
,
and
succeeded
so
well
,
that
many
were
brought
to
change
their
mind
,
and
to
declare
that
Caesar's
demands
were
but
just
and
reasonable
;
at
length
two
questions
being
started
,
the
one
whether
Pompey
should
dismiss
his
Army
,
the
other
if
Caesar
his
:
some
were
for
the
former
,
for
the
latter
all
,
except
some
few
;
when
Antony
stood
up
and
put
the
question
,
if
it
would
be
agreeable
to
them
that
both
Pompey
and
Caesar
should
dismiss
their
Armies
,
which
proposal
was
approv'd
of
with
great
acclamations
,
and
Antony
desir'd
,
after
much
honor
receiv'd
,
to
put
it
to
the
Vote
,
but
this
was
oppos'd
by
the
Consuls
,
and
Caesar's
Friends
making
some
new
proposals
,
which
did
not
carry
the
least
appearance
of
unreasonableness
were
brow
beaten
by
Cato
,
and
Antony
himself
commanded
to
leave
the
Senate
by
Consul
Lentulus
.
He
gave
them
many
a
bitter
●●rse
at
his
going
out
,
and
disguising
Turn'd
out
of
the
Senate
goes
to
Caesar
.
himself
in
a
Servants
habit
,
accompanied
only
with
Quintus
Cassius
in
a
hired
Chariot
,
he
went
straight
away
to
Caesar
,
they
no
sooner
arrived
,
but
great
were
the
Complaints
they
made
that
affairs
at
Rome
were
transacted
without
any
order
or
justice
,
that
the
privilege
of
speaking
in
the
Senate
was
deny'd
the
Tribunes
,
and
that
he
,
that
asserted
the
Common
right
of
the
People
,
was
in
imminent
danger
of
his
life
,
Caesar
took
hold
of
this
pretence
to
march
his
Army
into
Italy
;
and
upon
this
hint
it
was
that
Cicero
writes
in
his
Philippicks
,
that
Antony
was
as
much
the
Cause
of
the
Civil
War
,
as
ever
Helena
was
of
the
Trojan
.
But
this
is
but
a
surmise
,
for
Caesar
was
not
of
so
weak
a
temper
as
to
suffer
himself
to
be
carry'd
away
by
a
passion
into
a
Civil
War
with
his
Country
,
upon
the
sight
of
Antony
and
Cassius
seeking
refuge
in
his
Camp
,
in
mean
habit
and
a
Hackney
Chariot
,
without
ever
having
thought
or
taken
his
measures
in
an
affair
of
so
great
consequence
;
this
was
to
him
,
that
wanted
a
pretence
of
declaring
War
,
a
fair
and
equitable
occasion
,
but
the
true
motive
was
the
same
that
formerly
set
Alexander
and
Cyrus
at
odds
with
all
Mankind
,
the
unquenchable
thirst
of
Empire
,
and
the
distracted
Ambition
of
being
the
greatest
Man
in
the
World
,
which
was
impracticable
for
him
,
unless
Pompey
were
reduc'd
.
So
soon
then
as
he
had
surprized
Rome
,
and
driven
Pompey
out
of
Italy
,
he
purpos'd
first
to
go
against
the
Legions
that
Pompey
had
in
Spain
,
and
then
to
have
a
Fleet
in
readiness
to
attend
his
Motions
,
leaving
the
mean
while
the
Government
of
Rome
to
Lepidus
the
Praetor
,
and
the
Command
of
the
Army
to
He
is
left
General
in
Italy
.
Antony
Tribune
of
the
People
,
who
was
not
long
in
getting
the
hearts
of
his
Soldiers
,
eating
and
drinking
himself
with
them
,
and
making
them
presents
to
the
utmost
of
his
abilities
.
But
on
the
other
side
he
wanted
not
his
Enemies
,
he
was
too
lazy
to
inform
himself
in
the
Complaints
of
the
injur'd
,
and
was
impatient
in
any
thing
of
business
,
and
his
Familiarity
with
other
peoples
Wives
,
gave
him
an
ill
reputation
.
In
short
the
Government
of
Caesar
(
which
in
it self
was
little
better
than
Tyrannical
)
was
by
the
indiscretion
and
insolence
of
his
Friends
render'd
insupportable
:
And
Antony
,
as
he
had
the
greatest
power
in
the
Army
,
so
he
committed
the
most
notorious
Insolencies
,
and
had
much
to
answer
for
.
But
Caesar
at
his
return
from
Spain
,
wink'd
at
his
faults
,
not
thinking
fit
to
disoblige
a
Souldier
that
could
suffer
all
Fatigue
,
was
very
brave
of
his
person
,
and
an
experienced
Commander
.
Caesar
going
aboard
at
Brundusium
,
sailed
over
the
Ionian
Sea
with
a
few
Troops
,
and
sent
back
the
Fleet
with
Orders
to
Antony
and
Gabinius
,
to
embark
the
Army
,
and
Land
as
soon
as
might
be
in
Macedonia
.
Gabinius
having
no
mind
to
put
to
Sea
,
and
being
apprehensive
of
the
Winter-Season
,
was
forc'd
to
March
his
Army
round
about
by
Land
;
but
Antony
,
being
more
afraid
lest
Caesar
might
suffer
some
great
inconvenience
from
the
number
of
his
Enemies
,
who
press'd
him
hard
,
beat
back
Libo
,
who
was
at
Anchor
o●ercomes
Libo
.
with
a
Fleet
in
the
Mouth
of
the
Haven
of
Brundusium
,
having
Mann'd
out
several
small
Pinnaces
and
other
Boats
,
with
which
he
encompassed
each
Galley
,
and
made
them
retire
,
gaining
thus
an
occasion
of
putting
aboard
twenty
thousand
Foot
,
and
eight
hundred
Horse
,
and
so
set
out
to
Sea
.
The
Enemy
having
espied
him
,
made
up
to
him
;
but
this
Danger
he
escaped
,
by
reason
that
the
South-Wind
was
so
high
that
the
Enemies
Fleet
was
not
able
to
live
in
so
rough
a
Water
;
but.
withal
he
had
like
to
have
fallen
upon
a
Ridge
of
Rocks
,
where
the
Sea
wrought
so
high
,
that
there
was
no
hope
of
escaping
Ship-wrack
,
when
all
on
a
sudden
the
Wind
turn'd
about
to
South-west
,
and
blew
from
land
to
the
main
Sea
,
where
Antony
sailing
in
security
,
saw
the
Coast
all
covered
with
the
Wreck
of
the
Enemies
Fleet
;
for
the
Gallies
of
Pompey
had
been
miserably
toss'd
up
and
down
,
and
many
of
them
sunk
;
he
took
many
Prisoners
,
and
much
Booty
;
he
took
also
the
Town
of
Lyssus
,
and
by
the
seasonable
arrival
of
so
great
Recruit
,
gave
heart
to
the
Affairs
of
Caesar
.
There
was
no
Engagement
in
which
he
did
not
signalize
himself
;
twice
he
stopt
the
Army
in
its
flight
,
led
them
back
to
a
Charge
,
and
gained
the
Victory
,
that
not
without
reason
,
his
Reputation
,
next
to
Caesar's
,
was
greatest
in
the
Army
;
and
what
opinion
Caesar
himself
had
of
him
,
did
well
appear
,
when
Pharsalia
was
to
determine
who
should
be
Emperour
of
the
World
;
he
himself
chose
to
lead
the
right
Wing
,
committing
the
charge
of
the
left
to
Antony
,
as
to
the
most
experienc'd
Officer
of
all
that
serv'd
under
him
.
After
the
Battel
,
Caesar
being
created
Dictator
,
went
in
pursuit
of
Pompey
,
and
sent
Antony
to
Rome
,
with
the
Character
of
Tribune
of
the
People
,
who
is
in
Office
and
Power
next
to
the
Dictator
,
when
present
,
and
in
his
absence
rules
in
Chief
.
For
upon
the
Election
of
a
Dictator
,
all
other
Magistrates
cease
to
exercise
any
Authority
in
Rome
.
The
young
Dolabella
,
who
was
also
Tribune
of
the
People
at
that
time
,
and
a
great
promoter
of
new
Projects
,
was
for
enacting
a
Law
,
to
rescind
the
register'd
Debts
,
and
would
needs
perswade
Antony
to
joyn
with
him
;
who
was
his
Friend
,
and
forward
enough
to
promote
any
thing
that
was
agreeable
to
the
generality
of
the
People
.
Asinius
and
Trebellius
were
of
the
contrary
Opinion
,
and
at
the
same
time
a
grievous
Fit
of
Jealousie
possessing
Antony
,
that
Dolabella
was
kinder
than
he
desired
to
his
Wife
;
and
taking
it
to
heart
,
he
parted
with
her
(
she
was
his
Cousin-German
,
and
Daughter
to
Caius
Antonius
,
the
Colleague
of
Cicero
,
)
and
taking
part
with
Asinius
,
declared
War
with
Dolabella
,
who
had
seiz'd
on
the
Market-place
,
in
order
to
give
Authority
by
force
to
his
new
Law
.
Antony
,
by
a
special
Command
of
the
Senate
,
who
had
authoriz'd
him
to
oppose
Dolabella's
breaking
into
the
Market-place
,
gave
him
Battel
;
in
the
Fight
many
were
lost
on
both
sides
,
and
by
this
action
he
did
incurr
the
displeasure
of
the
common
People
,
and
,
by
reason
of
his
Course
of
Life
,
was
not
only
not
agreeable
,
but
(
as
Cicero
says
)
had
in
detestation
by
the
better
sort
of
People
,
abominating
his
Midnight-Revelling
,
his
wild
Expences
,
and
his
rowling
from
one
little
Whore
to
another
,
his
Naps
in
the
Day
,
and
his
Walks
to
digest
his
Debauches
,
and
then
at
Night
again
his
Entertainments
and
Balls
,
for
the
solemnizing
the
Nuptials
of
some
Comoedian
or
Buffoon
.
It
is
reported
,
that
drinking
all
night
at
the
Wedding
of
Hippias
the
Comoedian
,
and
on
the
Morning
,
being
to
harangue
the
People
,
he
ventur'd
out
,
over-charg'd
as
he
was
,
and
vomited
before
them
all
,
one
of
his
Friends
receiving
it
in
his
Gown
.
Sergius
,
the
Comoedian
,
was
he
who
had
the
greatest
Power
with
him
,
und
Cytheries
,
of
the
same
Vocation
,
the
Woman
that
had
his
Heart
;
She
,
when
he
went
his
Progress
,
accompanied
him
in
a
Litter
,
and
had
her
Equipage
,
not
in
any
thing
inferiour
to
his
Mother's
;
the
world
was
scandaliz'd
at
the
great
Pomp
of
his
Travelling
Plate
,
which
was
more
proper
for
the
Ornaments
of
a
Triumph
,
than
the
Convenience
of
a
Journey
,
at
his
causing
Tents
to
be
set
up
every
where
in
the
way
by
Rivers
sides
,
and
in
Groves
,
for
his
dining
with
all
the
Luxury
imaginable
,
and
that
he
made
his
Chariot
to
be
drawn
by
Lions
,
and
lodg'd
his
little
Whores
,
and
singing
Wenches
,
wheresover
he
past
,
in
the
Houses
of
serious
Men
,
and
Women
famous
for
their
Matron-like
Behaviour
.
And
it
seemed
very
unreasonable
that
Caesar
out
of
Italy
should
fare
hard
,
and
with
great
fatigue
and
danger
pursue
the
remainder
of
a
dangerous
War
,
whilst
others
,
in
pretending
his
Authority
,
left
no
insolence
unpractis'd
upon
their
Fellow-Citizens
,
and
this
undoubtedly
was
occasion
of
great
Trouble
in
Rome
,
and
gave
the
Souldier
encouragement
to
injure
and
plunder
the
People
;
upon
this
,
it
is
probable
that
Caesar
at
his
return
,
acquitted
Dolabella
,
and
being
created
the
third
time
Consul
,
took
not
Antony
,
but
Lepidus
for
Colleague
.
Pompey's
House
being
to
be
sold
,
Antony
would
buy
it
,
but
was
much
troubled
at
the
paying
for
it
.
This
,
and
that
he
thought
his
former
Services
had
not
been
recompenced
as
they
deserved
,
made
him
not
follow
Caesar
with
his
Army
into
Libya
;
and
it
is
apparent
,
that
Caesar's
not
countenancing
his
Follies
,
was
a
great
Means
of
his
amendment
;
being
weary
therefore
of
this
Course
of
Life
,
he
marries
Fulvia
the
Widow
of
Clodius
,
the
great
Ring-leader
of
the
People
,
a
Woman
not
born
for
Spinning
or
Houswifry
,
nor
one
that
could
be
content
with
the
power
of
ruling
a
private
Husband
,
but
a
Lady
capable
of
advising
a
Magistrate
,
and
of
ruling
the
General
of
an
Army
,
so
that
Cleopatra
had
great
Obligations
to
her
for
having
taught
Antony
to
be
so
good
a
Servant
,
he
coming
into
her
hands
tame
and
broken
in
all
obedience
to
the
Commands
of
a
Mistress
.
Antony
had
many
Devices
by
which
he
used
to
entertain
and
divert
her
from
her
more
serious
way
of
Carriage
.
As
when
Caesar
after
his
Victory
in
Spain
,
was
on
his
return
,
Antony
,
among
the
rest
,
went
out
to
meet
him
,
and
a
Rumour
being
spread
that
Caesar
was
kill'd
,
and
the
Enemy
marching
into
Italy
,
he
return'd
to
Rome
,
and
disguising
himself
,
came
to
her
by
night
,
as
a
Servant
that
brought
Letters
from
Antony
;
but
she
,
with
great
impatience
,
before
she
receiv'd
the
Letter
,
asks
if
Antony
were
well
?
instead
of
an
Answer
,
he
gives
her
the
Letter
,
and
as
she
was
opening
it
,
took
her
about
the
Neck
and
kiss'd
her
.
This
little
Story
,
of
many
of
the
same
nature
,
we
thought
fit
to
give
you
,
by
which
you
might
guess
of
his
humour
.
There
was
no
body
of
Quality
in
Rome
,
that
did
not
go
some
days
journey
to
meet
Caesar
in
his
return
from
Spain
;
but
Antony
was
the
best
received
of
any
,
admitted
to
ride
the
whole
Journey
with
him
in
his
Coach
;
behind
came
Brutus
,
Albinus
,
and
Octavian
,
his
Sister's
Son
,
well
known
afterward
by
the
name
of
Augustus
Caesar
.
Caesar
being
created
the
fifth
time
Consul
,
without
any
demur
chose
Antony
for
his
Colleague
,
but
designing
himself
to
quit
the
Consulat
to
Dolabella
,
he
acquainted
the
Senate
with
his
resolution
;
but
Antony
opposed
it
with
all
his
might
,
and
saying
all
the
bitter
things
of
Dolabella
,
and
receiving
as
injurious
Language
in
return
,
Caesar
could
bear
with
the
indecency
no
longer
,
but
referr'd
the
Consideration
of
this
Matter
to
another
time
;
and
the
next
time
it
was
propos'd
,
Antony
proclaim'd
,
that
all
Omens
that
were
taken
from
the
flight
of
Birds
,
were
against
his
promotion
;
so
that
Caesar
was
constrain'd
to
leave
Dolabella
very
much
discompos'd
;
and
't
is
credible
,
that
Caesar
had
no
great
opinion
of
either
of
them
;
for
when
one
accus'd
them
to
have
design'd
against
him
;
't
is
not
the
Men
so
well
fed
,
and
so
wall
dress'd
I
fear
;
but
the
pale
and
lean
(
said
he
)
I
dread
;
meaning
Brutus
and
Cassius
,
who
afterwards
conspir'd
his
Death
,
and
murther'd
him
.
To
whom
,
Antony
,
without
designing
any
harm
,
gave
the
most
plausible
pretence
that
could
be
wish'd
for
.
The
Romans
were
celebrating
their
Festival
called
the
Lupercalia
,
when
Caesar
in
his
Triumphal
Habit
,
and
seated
on
a
kind
of
Throne
in
the
Market-place
,
was
a
Spectator
of
the
Sports
;
the
Custom
is
,
that
many
young
Noblemen
,
and
of
the
Magistracy
anointed
with
Oyl
,
and
having
Straps
of
white
Leather
in
their
hand
,
run
about
and
strike
every
one
they
meet
.
Antony
was
sporting
with
the
rest
;
who
,
as
soon
as
the
ancient
Ceremonies
were
perform'd
,
took
a
Lawrel
Garland
,
and
having
wreathed
the
Diadem
about
it
,
made
towards
the
Throne
,
and
being
lifted
up
by
his
Companions
,
would
have
put
it
upon
the
Head
of
Caesar
,
as
if
by
that
Ceremony
he
were
declared
King
;
but
Caesar
seemingly
refused
the
Offer
,
and
was
applauded
by
the
People
with
great
Shouts
;
the
Dispute
betwixt
Antony's
offering
,
and
Caesar's
refusing
the
Crown
,
lasted
some
while
.
Antony
receiving
but
little
encouragement
from
the
Shouts
of
a
few
Friends
,
and
Caesar's
Refusal
being
accompanied
with
the
general
Applause
of
the
People
;
and
this
is
very
remarkable
,
that
the
People
should
endure
patiently
all
that
a
Kingly
Government
could
impose
,
and
at
the
same
time
dread
the
Name
of
King
,
as
the
utter
destruction
of
their
Liberty
.
Caesar
very
much
discompos'd
at
what
had
past
,
stept
down
in
haste
from
the
Throne
,
and
laying
bare
his
Neck
,
said
,
he
offer'd
himself
a
willing
Sacrifice
to
the
People
,
if
so
it
were
their
Pleasure
.
The
Crown
at
last
was
put
upon
one
of
his
Statues
;
but
the
Tribunes
took
it
off
,
to
the
great
satisfaction
of
the
People
,
who
followed
them
home
with
continual
Shouts
and
Applauses
:
Caesar
resen●ed
this
,
and
afterwards
turn'd
them
out
of
their
Office
.
These
Passages
gave
great
encouragement
to
Brutus
and
Cassius
,
who
in
making
choice
of
trusty
Friends
for
such
an
Enterprize
,
were
thinking
to
engage
Antony
;
every
one
approved
the
Man
,
but
Trebonius
,
who
did
inform
them
that
Antony
and
he
had
been
very
intimate
in
the
late
Journey
they
took
to
meet
Caesar
,
and
that
he
had
let
fall
several
Words
concerning
the
Matter
now
in
hand
,
on
purpose
to
sound
him
;
that
Antony
very
well
understood
him
,
but
did
not
at
all
approve
of
the
Discourse
;
howsoever
the
Matter
was
never
reveal'd
to
Caesar
,
but
still
kept
as
a
great
Secret
.
The
Conspirators
then
proposed
that
Antony
should
die
with
him
,
which
Brutus
would
in
no
wise
consent
to
,
not
thinking
fit
that
an
Action
undertaken
in
defence
of
Justice
and
the
Laws
,
should
be
liable
to
so
foul
an
Imputation
.
Antony
therefore
,
who
was
to
be
considered
as
a
Man
of
Bodily
Strength
,
and
one
that
bore
great
Office
in
the
State
,
was
at
Caesar's
Entry
to
the
Senate
,
to
be
amused
without
,
in
a
Discouse
of
pretended
Business
.
Just
as
it
was
ordered
,
Caesar
was
slain
,
and
Antony
surpriz'd
at
the
Action
,
took
the
Disguise
of
a
Servant's
Habit
,
and
retir'd
;
but
understanding
that
the
Conspirators
had
assembled
in
the
Capitol
,
and
had
no
further
Design
upon
any
one
,
he
gave
them
his
Honour
they
might
come
down
in
safety
,
and
sent
his
Son
for
an
Hostage
.
That
night
Cassius
supp'd
at
Antony's
House
,
and
Brutus
with
Lepidus
,
where
they
resolved
the
Senate
should
be
call'd
;
and
having
pass'd
an
Act
of
Oblivion
for
the
settlement
of
Affairs
,
Governments
were
assign'd
to
Cassius
and
Brutus
,
and
whatsoever
Acts
had
passed
during
the
Reign
of
Caesar
,
were
ratified
with
the
consent
of
the
whole
Senate
.
Thus
Antony
went
out
of
the
Senate
with
that
Reputation
and
Esteem
that
never
Man
had
gain'd
before
him
;
for
it
was
apparent
to
the
World
that
he
had
taken
away
all
the
Grounds
of
a
Civil
War
,
and
had
shewn
himself
an
able
Minister
of
State
,
that
knew
how
to
unravel
and
compose
Matters
of
so
great
Danger
and
Difficulty
.
But
these
temperate
Counsels
were
soon
infected
with
the
Pride
of
being
Favourite
of
the
Multitude
,
and
the
Ambition
of
ruling
in
Chief
,
by
the
supplanting
of
Brutus
.
In
order
to
this
,
Caesar's
Body
being
exposed
in
the
Market-place
,
as
the
Custom
is
,
while
Antony
made
his
Funeral-Oration
,
perceiving
the
People
to
be
infinitely
affected
with
what
he
had
said
from
his
Praises
,
he
rais'd
their
Pity
,
and
enlarged
upon
every
Point
,
that
could
move
Compassion
;
to
compleat
all
,
he
took
the
Robe
from
off
the
dead
Corps
,
and
held
it
up
,
exposing
it
all
bloody
,
and
pierced
through
with
many
Stabs
,
calling
the
Conspirators
Villains
,
and
bloody
Murtherers
,
his
Harangue
had
so
great
an
effect
upon
the
Multitude
,
that
they
would
not
deferr
the
Solemnities
of
the
Funeral
;
but
making
a
Pile
of
Tables
and
Forms
in
the
very
Market-place
,
set
Fire
to
it
;
and
every
one
taking
a
Brand
,
ran
in
great
fury
to
the
Conspirators
Houses
,
with
a
resolution
to
burn
them
alive
.
Upon
this
Tumult
.
Brutus
,
and
his
whole
Party
left
the
City
,
and
Caesar's
Friends
joyned
themselves
to
Antony
.
Calphurnia
Caesar's
Wife
,
trusted
her self
to
his
Conduct
,
and
the
best
part
of
her
Estate
,
four
thousand
Talents
;
he
got
also
into
his
Hands
all
Caesar's
Papers
,
wherein
were
contained
Journals
of
all
he
had
done
,
and
Draughts
of
what
he
designed
to
do
;
which
Antony
made
good
use
of
;
for
by
this
means
,
he
made
what
Officers
he
pleas'd
,
brought
whom
he
would
into
the
Senate
,
recall'd
some
from
Exile
,
freed
others
out
of
Prison
,
and
all
this
as
ordered
so
by
Caesar
.
The
Romans
,
by
way
of
Raillery
,
call'd
all
that
receiv'd
any
benefit
by
this
Artifice
Charonites
,
who
,
if
put
to
prove
their
Patents
,
must
have
recourse
to
the
Registers
of
the
Dead
.
In
short
,
Antony's
behaviour
in
Rome
,
was
very
absolute
,
he
himself
being
Consul
,
and
his
two
Bro●hers
in
great
place
,
Caius
the
one
,
Praetor
,
and
Lucius
,
the
youngest
,
Tribune
of
the
People
.
While
Matters
went
thus
in
Rome
,
the
young
Caesar
,
Julius
Caesar's
Sister's
Son
,
and
by
Testament
left
his
Heir
,
arrived
at
Rome
from
Apollonia
,
where
he
was
when
his
Uncle
was
kill'd
.
The
first
thing
he
did
was
to
visit
Anthony
,
as
one
his
Uncle
had
greatest
Obligation
to
;
he
spoke
to
him
concerning
the
Money
that
was
in
his
hands
,
and
reminded
him
of
the
Legacy
Caesar
had
made
of
seventy
five
Drachms
to
every
Roman
Citizen
:
Antony
at
first
laughing
at
such
Discourse
from
so
young
a
man
,
told
him
,
he
wish'd
he
were
in
his
Health
,
and
that
he
wanted
good
Counsel
,
and
good
Friends
;
to
tell
him
the
Burden
of
being
Executor
to
Caesar
,
would
sit
very
uneasie
upon
his
young
Shoulders
.
This
was
no
Answer
to
him
,
but
still
he
insists
to
have
the
Money
and
other
goods
which
were
his
Inheritance
,
insomuch
that
Antony
us'd
him
injuriously
,
thwarted
his
Interest
upon
all
Occasions
,
oppos'd
him
in
his
Election
of
Tribune
,
and
when
he
urged
the
dedication
of
his
Father's
Golden
Chair
(
as
had
been
Enacted
)
he
threatned
to
send
him
to
Prison
if
he
desisted
not
from
soliciting
the
People
.
This
made
the
young
Caesar
apply
himself
to
Cicero
,
and
all
those
that
hated
Antony
,
by
them
he
was
recommended
to
the
Senate
,
while
he
himself
courted
the
People
,
and
from
their
respective
quarters
took
the
old
Soldiers
,
and
form'd
them
into
a
Body
:
this
made
Antony
so
apprehensive
,
that
he
gave
him
a
meeting
in
the
Capitol
,
and
after
some
words
they
came
to
an
accommodation
.
That
night
Antony
had
a
very
unlucky
Dream
,
fancying
that
his
right
hand
was
Thunder
struck
,
and
some
few
days
after
he
was
inform'd
that
Caesar
design'd
upon
his
life
.
Caesar
would
have
justify'd
himself
,
but
was
not
believ'd
,
so
that
the
breach
was
now
made
as
wide
as
ever
,
each
of
them
posted
day
and
night
all
about
Italy
to
engage
the
old
Troops
that
lay
scatter'd
in
their
Quarters
,
and
great
were
the
promises
that
were
made
to
the
Legions
that
were
yet
standing
.
Cicero
was
of
great
reputation
in
Rome
and
made
use
of
all
his
Art
to
exasperate
the
People
against
Antony
,
and
at
length
perswaded
the
Senate
to
declare
him
a
publick
Enemy
,
and
to
send
to
Caesar
the
Rods
and
Axes
,
and
all
other
Marks
of
Honour
,
that
are
usually
given
to
the
Pretor
,
and
withal
an
Order
was
given
to
Hirtius
and
Pansa
,
who
were
their
Consuls
to
drive
Antony
out
of
Italy
.
The
Armies
engag'd
nigh
to
Modena
,
and
Caesar
himself
was
present
.
Antony
was
defeated
,
though
both
the
Consuls
were
slain
.
Antony
in
his
Flight
was
pursued
by
all
the
misfortune
imaginable
,
and
the
worst
shape
it
appear'd
in
was
famine
,
but
it
was
in
these
extremities
that
he
naturally
fell
into
a
behaviour
,
that
made
him
appear
a
Man
much
above
himself
;
and
Antony
in
misfortune
was
not
easily
distinguish'd
from
a
vertuous
Man
.
It
is
no
extraordinary
matter
for
Men
that
fall
into
great
difficulties
,
to
reason
right
,
and
understand
what
by
their
duty
and
honour
they
are
bound
to
do
and
suffer
:
Yet
there
are
but
a
very
few
,
who
in
great
extremities
have
courage
enough
to
trust
to
their
own
Judgment
,
either
to
imitate
what
they
admire
,
or
avoid
what
they
Condemn
,
but
abandon
themselves
to
their
beloved
Ease
,
and
for
very
want
of
industry
become
irresolute
.
Antony
was
a
most
illustrious
Example
of
patience
to
the
Army
,
who
accustomed
to
so
much
Luxury
and
delicacy
,
could
be
contented
to
drink
stinking
water
,
and
feed
upon
wild
Fruits
,
and
Roots
,
nay
't
is
reported
they
devoured
the
very
Barks
of
Trees
,
and
in
passing
over
the
Alpes
they
lived
upon
the
Flesh
of
Beasts
,
that
man
had
never
before
tasted
of
,
his
design
was
to
joyn
Lepidus
,
who
commanded
the
Army
on
t'other
side
the
Alpes
,
who
he
imagined
would
stand
his
sure
Friend
,
he
having
done
him
many
kind
Offices
to
Julius
Caesar
;
he
encamped
near
Lepidus
his
Army
,
but
receiving
from
him
no
sort
of
encouragement
,
was
resolv'd
to
push
his
Fortune
and
venture
all
.
His
hair
was
very
long
and
disorder'd
,
nor
had
he
shaved
his
beard
since
his
last
defeat
,
in
this
guise
,
and
a
mourning
Mantle
flung
over
,
he
came
into
the
Trenches
of
Lepidus
,
and
began
to
Harangue
the
Army
,
some
were
moved
at
his
habit
,
others
at
his
words
,
that
Lepidus
liking
it
not
,
ordered
the
Trumpets
to
sound
,
that
he
might
be
heard
no
longer
.
This
rais'd
in
the
Soldiers
a
greater
sense
of
pity
,
so
that
they
resolv'd
to
send
and
conferr
with
him
,
and
drest
Laelius
and
Clodius
in
Womens
Cloaths
,
and
sent
them
to
Antony
,
they
advis'd
him
presently
to
attack
Lepidus
his
Trenches
,
assuring
him
that
a
strong
party
should
receive
him
,
and
if
so
he
thought
fit
kill
Lepidus
.
But
Antony
would
not
suffer
that
any
injury
should
be
done
him
,
and
next
morning
he
marched
his
Army
to
pass
over
the
little
River
that
parted
the
two
Camps
,
he
was
the
first
that
gain'd
the
other
side
of
the
River
,
where
he
espy'd
Lepidus
his
Soldiers
in
great
numbers
reaching
out
their
hands
to
help
him
;
and
beating
down
the
works
to
make
him
way
:
Being
entred
the
Camp
,
and
finding
himself
absolute
Master
,
he
treated
Lepidus
with
great
civility
,
and
gave
him
the
title
of
Father
,
when
he
spoke
to
him
,
and
though
he
had
every
thing
at
his
own
Command
,
he
left
him
the
honour
of
being
called
the
General
.
This
fair
usage
brought
over
to
him
Munatius
Plancus
,
who
was
not
far
off
with
a
considerable
Force
.
Thus
being
very
strong
he
repass'd
the
Alpes
,
and
led
with
him
into
Italy
,
seventeen
Legions
,
and
ten
thousand
Horse
,
besides
six
Legions
he
left
in
Garrison
under
the
Command
of
Varius
one
of
his
familiar
Friends
,
that
used
to
debauch
with
him
,
and
was
therefore
surnamed
Cotylon
(
which
signifies
a
bottle
,
)
Caesar
perceiving
that
Cicero's
intention
was
to
re-establish
the
State
in
its
former
liberty
,
did
soon
quit
that
party
,
and
by
the
Mediation
of
his
Friends
came
once
more
to
a
good
understanding
with
Antony
.
They
both
met
together
with
Lepidus
in
a
small
Island
,
where
the
Conference
lasted
three
days
.
The
Empire
of
the
World
was
soon
determin'd
of
,
it
being
divided
amongst
them
,
as
if
it
had
been
their
paternal
Inheritance
:
That
which
gave
them
all
the
trouble
was
to
agree
who
should
be
put
to
death
,
every
one
intending
to
destroy
his
Enemies
and
to
save
his
Friends
.
The
thirst
of
being
revenged
of
their
Enemies
did
in
the
end
take
off
all
manner
of
desire
to
preserve
their
Friends
,
and
Caesar
sacrific'd
Cicero
to
Antony
,
Antony
his
Uncle
Lucius
to
Caesar
,
and
both
of
them
did
easily
grant
to
Lepidus
the
Liberty
to
murther
his
own
Brother
Paulus
,
though
there
are
those
that
say
it
was
required
of
him
.
I
do
not
believe
any
thing
was
ever
heard
of
so
barbarous
as
this
Composition
,
for
in
this
exchange
of
blood
for
blood
,
they
did
not
only
murder
those
that
were
offer'd
up
unto
their
Fury
,
but
them
also
that
they
abandon'd
to
the
range
of
others
.
This
Agreement
being
made
the
Army
desir'd
it
might
be
confirm'd
by
some
Alliance
of
Marriage
,
so
that
Caesar
married
Claudia
the
Daughter
of
Fulvia
Wife
to
Antony
.
This
affair
being
dispatch'd
,
three
hundred
more
were
adjudg'd
to
dye
(
by
proscription
)
Antony
had
given
order
to
those
that
were
to
kill
Cicero
,
to
cut
off
his
head
and
right
hand
with
which
he
had
writ
his
invectives
against
him
,
when
they
were
brought
before
him
,
he
beheld
them
with
an
inward
satisfaction
,
not
being
able
to
contain
himself
from
often
smiling
at
so
horrid
a
spectacle
,
when
he
had
satiated
himself
with
the
sight
of
them
,
he
ordered
them
to
be
hung
up
in
the
Court
where
the
usual
pleadings
were
,
not
considering
that
the
affront
he
design'd
to
the
memory
of
the
dead
redounded
to
his
own
disgrace
,
who
by
this
barbarous
Action
rendred
himself
unworthy
of
that
power
he
exercis'd
.
His
Uncle
Lucius
being
closely
pursued
had
taken
refuge
in
his
Sisters
Chamber
,
who
when
the
murderers
had
broke
into
her
house
,
and
were
pressing
into
her
Chamber
,
she
met
them
at
the
door
,
and
holding
them
by
the
hands
cry'd
out
several
times
,
Ye
shall
never
kill
Lucius
,
Caesar
,
till
you
first
dispatch
me
,
me
that
gave
your
General
his
life
and
being
;
and
she
order'd
the
matter
so
well
that
she
sav'd
her
Brother
.
This
Triumvirate
was
very
hateful
to
the
Romans
,
and
Antony
was
most
of
all
to
blame
,
for
he
was
Elder
than
Caesar
,
and
had
greater
Authority
than
Lepidus
,
and
withal
was
no
sooner
settled
in
his
affairs
,
but
he
return'd
to
his
debauch
and
dissolute
way
of
living
:
Beside
the
ill
reputation
he
had
gained
by
his
intemperance
,
it
was
very
disadvantageous
to
him
his
living
in
the
house
of
Pompey
the
Great
,
a
Man
as
much
celebrated
for
his
temperance
and
honesty
,
as
ever
he
was
admir'd
for
having
Triumphed
three
times
.
They
could
not
without
regret
see
the
doors
of
that
house
shut
against
the
Magistrates
and
Foreign
Ministers
,
who
were
shamefully
refus'd
admittance
,
while
it
was
open
to
Players
,
Juglers
,
and
devouring
Flatterers
,
upon
whom
he
spent
the
greatest
part
of
his
ill
acquired
Riches
,
for
they
did
not
only
take
the
Forfeiture
of
the
Estates
of
such
as
were
proscribed
,
defrauding
the
poor
Widows
and
Orphans
,
and
lay
impositions
upon
all
manner
of
Goods
,
but
hearing
that
several
summs
of
money
were
,
by
as
well
Strangers
as
Citizens
of
Rome
,
deposited
in
the
hands
of
the
Vestal
Virgins
,
they
went
and
took
the
money
away
by
force
.
Caesar
perceiving
how
extravagant
Antony
was
in
his
Expences
,
demanded
a
division
to
be
made
of
the
Revenues
:
The
Army
was
also
divided
upon
their
march
into
Macedonia
to
make
War
with
Brutus
and
Cassius
,
they
leaving
the
Command
of
the
City
to
Lepidus
,
having
pass'd
the
Sea
they
encamped
nigh
the
Enemy
;
Antony
nigh
Cassius
,
and
Caesar
nigh
Brutus
:
Caesar
did
nothing
worth
relating
,
but
success
and
Victory
did
still
wait
on
Antony
.
In
the
first
Battel
Caesar
was
routed
by
Brutus
,
all
his
Baggage
taken
,
and
he
himself
very
narrowly
escaping
by
Flight
,
but
as
he
himself
writes
in
his
Memoirs
,
he
retir'd
before
the
Charge
by
reason
of
a
dream
of
one
of
his
Friends
.
Antony
overcame
Cassius
,
but
as
some
write
he
himself
was
not
present
at
the
Engagement
,
but
that
he
joyn'd
them
afterwards
in
the
pursuit
.
Cassius
with
earnest
entreaty
had
perswaded
his
faithful
Friend
Pindarus
,
not
knowing
any
thing
of
Brutus
his
good
Fortune
,
to
kill
him
.
Shortly
after
they
fought
another
Battel
,
in
which
Brutus
lost
the
day
and
slew
himself
.
Caesar
being
sick
,
Antony
had
the
honour
of
the
Action
,
who
finding
Brutus
his
Body
among
the
slain
,
he
gently
reproach'd
him
with
the
death
of
his
Brother
Caius
,
who
was
put
to
death
by
Brutus
his
order
in
Macedonia
in
revenge
of
Cicero
,
but
he
said
Hortensius
was
most
to
blame
,
who
was
therefore
order'd
to
be
slain
upon
his
Brother
's
Tomb.
He
cast
his
rich
purple
Mantle
upon
the
dead
Body
of
Brutus
,
and
gave
in
charge
to
one
of
his
Servants
to
take
care
of
his
Funeral
,
who
not
burning
the
Mantle
with
the
Corps
,
as
Antony
came
to
understand
,
and
detaining
part
of
the
money
which
was
to
be
expended
in
the
Funeral
,
was
order'd
to
be
slain
.
Caesar
was
carryed
to
Rome
,
no
one
expecting
that
he
should
recover
from
his
sickness
.
Whilst
Antony
visited
the
Eastern
Provinces
to
lay
them
under
Contribution
,
he
entred
Greece
at
the
head
of
a
formidable
Army
.
And
the
Impositions
of
necessity
were
to
be
very
great
since
they
had
engaged
that
every
common
Soldier
should
receive
for
his
pay
five
hundred
Crowns
.
Antony's
behavior
towards
the
Grecians
was
very
obliging
,
he
was
pleas'd
to
entertain
himself
in
hearing
the
learned
men
dispute
,
in
seeing
their
sports
,
frequenting
their
Religious
Ceremonies
,
and
shew'd
a
great
deal
of
equity
in
deciding
of
Controversies
:
He
was
fond
of
being
stil'd
the
Lover
of
Greece
,
but
above
all
in
being
call'd
the
Lover
of
Athens
,
to
which
City
he
had
made
very
considerable
presents
.
The
Megareans
in
imitation
of
the
Athenians
must
needs
invite
Antony
to
come
and
see
their
Senate
House
,
which
whilst
he
survey'd
,
they
ask'd
him
how
he
lik'd
it
?
he
told
them
't
was
very
narrow
and
ruinous
,
he
caused
an
exact
survey
to
be
made
of
the
Temple
of
Apollo
Pythius
as
if
he
had
design'd
to
repair
it
,
and
indeed
he
had
engaged
himself
to
the
Senate
so
to
do
,
but
passing
into
Asia
,
he
forgot
all
these
glorious
Projects
,
and
leaving
Lucius
Censorinus
in
Greece
,
his
whole
application
was
to
inrich
himself
with
the
Spoils
of
Asia
.
There
Kings
every
morning
waited
his
Leasure
at
his
Chamber
door
,
and
Queens
were
rivalling
one
another
,
who
should
make
him
the
greatest
presents
,
or
appear
most
charming
in
his
Eyes
.
Thus
whilst
Caesar
was
engaged
in
War
,
and
strugling
with
Seditions
in
Rome
,
Antony
at
his
Ease
,
fell
naturally
inhis
old
course
of
life
:
The
Anaxenores
a
set
of
Harpers
,
the
Xuthi
,
a
company
of
Players
upon
the
Flute
,
and
Metrodorus
a
dancing
Master
,
with
some
other
bands
of
Asian
Musick
,
did
so
much
surpass
his
Italian
Masters
,
that
they
had
got
great
credit
at
Court
:
Nothing
ran
in
the
usual
Channels
,
all
business
passing
through
their
hands
,
so
that
all
Asia
was
like
the
City
that
Sophocles
speaks
of
,
Where
▪
Joyful
sounds
i'
th'
perfum'd
air
Mix
with
Groans
and
cold
despair
.
When
he
made
his
Entry
into
Ephesus
,
the
Women
met
him
in
the
same
habit
they
solemnize
the
Feasts
of
Bacchus
,
the
Men
and
Boys
were
drest
like
Satyrs
and
Faunes
,
and
quite
throughout
the
Town
nothing
was
to
be
seen
but
spears
wreath'd
about
with
Ivy
,
Harps
,
Flutes
and
Hautbois
,
they
saluted
Antony
in
their
Songs
by
the
Name
of
Bacchus
the
gracious
and
the
gentle
,
and
so
indeed
he
was
to
some
,
but
for
the
most
part
he
was
barbarous
and
inhuman
,
for
he
would
deprive
persons
of
worth
and
quality
of
their
Fortunes
to
gratifie
Villains
and
Flatterers
,
who
would
sometimes
beg
the
Estates
of
Men
yet
living
,
pretending
they
were
dead
,
and
obtaining
a
Grant
,
take
possession
:
He
gave
his
Cook
the
House
of
a
Magnetian
Citizen
for
dressing
his
Supper
well
.
But
when
he
burthened
Asia
with
doubling
the
Imposts
,
Hybreas
the
Agent
for
those
Cities
made
his
remonstrance
in
very
pleasant
language
,
and
not
ungrateful
to
Antony
,
shewing
him
that
since
he
thought
fit
to
double
their
Taxes
he
would
take
some
care
that
they
might
have
their
Summer
and
Autumn
doubled
too
,
that
they
might
be
in
a
condition
to
satisfie
his
demands
:
Then
he
added
with
some
sharpness
and
assurance
;
In
Asia
has
been
raised
for
your
service
two
hundred
thousand
Talents
,
which
if
you
have
not
received
,
take
an
account
of
them
that
Levy'd
it
,
but
if
it
be
receiv'd
and
yet
you
are
in
want
,
we
are
for
ever
ruin'd
.
These
last
words
did
touch
Antony
to
the
quick
,
who
,
very
ignorant
of
many
things
that
were
done
in
his
name
,
not
that
in
his
nature
he
was
easily
to
be
impos'd
upon
,
but
by
reason
he
had
too
great
confidence
in
the
integrity
of
those
he
employ'd
.
He
was
naturally
very
sincere
,
but
somewhat
slow
of
apprehension
,
but
so
soon
as
he
was
made
sensible
of
his
faults
,
he
was
much
troubled
,
and
very
ready
to
ask
pardon
of
them
he
had
offended
,
he
was
very
prodigal
in
his
rewards
,
and
very
severe
in
his
punishments
,
but
his
Generosity
was
much
more
extravagant
than
his
Severity
;
his
Raillery
was
very
sharp
,
but
the
edge
of
it
was
taken
off
,
and
rendred
inoffensive
by
his
suffering
any
thing
of
Repartee
;
for
he
was
as
well
contented
to
be
handsomely
rallyed
,
as
he
was
pleas'd
to
rally
others
;
this
freedom
had
its
inconvenience
,
for
he
imagined
that
those
Friends
,
who
used
so
much
freedom
in
their
mirth
,
would
never
flatter
or
deceive
him
in
any
business
of
consequence
,
not
perceiving
that
these
subtil
Parasites
drest
their
fulsome
flattery
with
a
little
pointed
sauce
to
make
it
go
down
the
better
,
which
must
have
given
him
a
surfeit
had
it
not
been
disguised
,
and
great
use
was
made
of
the
Liberty
in
business
of
importance
,
for
upon
examining
any
difficulty
they
order'd
their
affair
so
that
they
might
seem
not
to
yield
to
him
out
of
complaisance
,
but
that
he
had
a
reach
much
Superior
to
their
capacity
.
Antony
being
of
this
disposition
,
the
greatest
He
falls
in
Love
with
Cleopatra
.
mischief
that
could
befal
him
was
the
Love
of
Cleopatra
,
which
awaken'd
and
inflam'd
many
a
hidden
dormant
Vice
,
and
if
there
were
any
spark
of
Virtue
yet
remaining
,
it
stifled
it
intirely
.
And
thus
it
was
his
Love
began
;
making
preparation
for
the
Parthian
War
,
he
sent
to
Command
her
to
make
her
personal
appearance
in
Cilicia
to
answer
an
accusation
that
she
had
given
great
assistance
in
the
late
Wars
to
Cassius
.
Delleus
who
was
sent
on
this
Message
had
no
sooner
seen
her
admirable
beauty
,
and
with
what
a
quickness
and
grace
she
received
him
,
but
he
began
to
consider
how
impossible
it
was
that
so
beautiful
a
Creature
should
receive
any
ill
treatment
at
the
hands
of
Antony
,
and
therefore
he
behaved
himself
with
all
respect
to
her
,
courted
her
with
all
humility
to
pass
into
Cilicia
in
splendid
Equipage
,
and
intreated
her
not
to
be
apprehensive
of
Antony
,
a
brave
and
courteous
Soldier
.
She
had
great
Faith
in
the
words
of
Dellius
,
but
more
in
her
own
Beauty
,
which
having
formerly
recommended
her
to
Julius
Caesar
and
the
young
Pompey
,
she
did
not
doubt
but
it
might
prove
successful
with
Antony
:
Their
Acquaintance
was
with
her
when
a
Girl
,
young
and
ignorant
in
the
Arts
of
Love
,
but
she
was
now
to
meet
Antony
in
the
flower
of
her
age
with
all
the
Charms
of
Beauty
,
and
all
the
artifice
of
riper
years
:
she
makes
great
preparation
for
her
Journey
,
of
Money
,
Gifts
and
other
Ornaments
of
great
value
,
which
so
wealthy
a
Kingdom
did
easily
afford
,
but
in
her
own
irresistible
Charms
lay
her
great
assurance
:
many
were
the
Letters
she
received
from
Antony
to
hasten
her
coming
,
but
she
did
not
seem
to
make
any
great
account
of
his
Orders
.
At
length
she
embarks
upon
a
small
Galley
in
the
River
Cydnus
;
the
head
of
the
Barge
did
shine
with
inlaid
Gold
,
the
Sails
were
of
Purple
Silk
,
the
Oars
of
Silver
,
which
beat
time
to
the
Flutes
and
Hautbois
;
she
herself
lay
all
along
under
a
Canopy
of
Cloth
of
Gold
curiously
embroider'd
,
drest
as
Venus
is
ordinarily
represented
,
and
beautiful
young
Boys
like
Cupids
stood
on
each
side
to
fan
her
,
her
Maids
were
drest
like
Sea
Nymphs
and
Graces
,
some
steering
the
Rudder
,
some
working
at
the
Ropes
;
the
perfumes
diffus'd
themselves
from
the
Vessel
to
the
Shore
,
which
was
all
cover'd
with
multitudes
meeting
and
following
the
Galley
,
all
the
People
running
out
of
the
City
to
see
this
strange
sight
,
left
Antony
alone
upon
the
Tribunal
,
and
a
rumor
was
spread
abroad
that
Venus
was
come
to
Feast
with
Bacchus
for
the
common
good
of
Asia
:
Assoon
as
she
was
arriv'd
Antony
sent
to
invite
her
to
Supper
,
but
she
thought
it
more
decent
that
Antony
should
come
to
her
,
who
to
shew
his
civility
to
a
Stranger
made
no
difficulty
to
wait
on
her
;
he
found
the
preparations
very
magnificent
,
but
nothing
was
so
admirable
as
the
great
number
of
Lights
,
for
on
a
sudden
there
was
let
down
altogether
so
great
a
number
of
branches
with
Lights
in
them
so
ingeniously
disposed
,
some
in
squares
,
and
some
in
circles
,
that
Fame
cannot
speak
of
a
greater
piece
of
curiosity
.
The
next
day
Antony
invited
her
to
Supper
,
and
was
very
desirous
to
out-do
her
as
well
in
Magnificence
as
contrivance
,
but
he
came
short
of
both
,
and
was
so
much
convinc'd
of
it
that
he
began
to
despise
and
laugh
at
his
own
way
of
service
.
She
perceiving
that
Antony's
raillery
was
very
gross
,
and
savour'd
more
of
the
Soldier
than
the
Courtier
,
she
gave
herself
the
liberty
to
use
him
in
the
same
manner
without
any
sort
of
reserve
.
Cleopatra
was
not
,
as
is
reported
,
of
so
surprizing
a
Beauty
,
that
no
one
could
be
compared
with
her
,
or
that
no
one
could
behold
her
without
astonishment
,
but
her
Conversation
had
those
Charms
that
were
not
to
be
resisted
,
and
that
natural
grace
and
sweetness
which
appear'd
in
every
thing
she
said
or
did
,
stung
her
beholders
to
the
Soul
.
Her
tongue
was
hung
so
harmoniously
,
that
no
Instrument
was
capable
of
more
variety
of
sounds
.
She
spoke
most
Languages
,
there
were
but
few
of
the
barbarous
Nations
that
she
answer'd
by
an
Interpreter
,
to
most
of
them
she
gave
Audience
herself
,
as
to
the
Aethiopians
,
Troglodites
,
Hebrews
,
Arabians
,
Syrians
,
Medes
,
Parthians
,
and
many
others
,
which
is
the
more
admirable
in
consideration
that
the
most
of
the
Kings
her
Predecessors
could
scarce
attain
to
the
Aegyptian
tongue
,
and
that
several
of
them
had
quite
forgot
the
Macedonian
,
which
was
their
original
Language
.
Antony
was
so
strangely
taken
with
this
Woman
,
that
notwithstanding
Fulvia
his
Wife
maintain'd
his
quarrels
in
Rome
against
Caesar
with
great
difficulty
,
and
that
the
Parthian
Troops
commanded
by
Labienus
(
that
King
having
made
him
General
)
were
assembled
in
Mesopotamia
,
and
ready
to
enter
Syria
,
could
yet
suffer
himself
to
be
carried
away
by
her
into
Alexandria
,
there
to
lead
an
easie
Childish
life
in
divertisements
too
youthful
for
his
age
,
squandring
away
as
Antipho
calls
it
his
most
precious
and
not
to
be
retrieved
time
.
They
gave
their
way
of
living
a
particular
name
,
calling
it
,
the
inimitable
life
.
They
treated
one
another
by
turns
,
and
their
Expences
were
without
reason
or
measure
.
I
remember
I
have
heard
my
Grandfather
Lamprias
relate
that
Philotas
a
Physician
of
Amphyssa
,
who
was
at
that
time
a
Student
in
Alexandria
,
had
told
him
,
that
he
having
an
acquaintance
with
one
of
Antony's
Cooks
was
invited
by
him
to
see
what
sumptuous
preparations
they
were
making
for
Supper
,
coming
into
the
Kitchin
,
he
admir'd
the
prodigious
variety
of
all
things
,
but
particularly
seeing
eight
wild
Boars
roasted
whole
,
says
he
,
surely
you
have
a
great
number
of
Guests
;
the
Cook
laugh'd
at
his
simplicity
,
and
told
him
there
was
not
above
twelve
to
sup
,
but
that
every
Dish
was
to
be
served
up
just
roasted
to
a
turn
,
and
if
any
thing
was
but
one
minute
ill
timed
't
was
spoil'd
,
for
,
said
he
,
may
be
Antony
will
sup
just
now
,
may
be
not
this
hour
,
may
be
not
these
two
hours
,
for
that
he
has
a
mind
to
spend
some
time
in
drinking
or
discoursing
,
so
that
it
is
not
one
but
many
suppers
must
be
had
in
readiness
,
for
it
was
not
easie
to
guess
at
his
hour
.
This
was
Philotas
his
Story
,
who
related
besides
how
coming
afterwards
into
the
service
of
Antony's
eldest
Son
by
Fulvia
,
and
being
admitted
with
others
of
the
better
rank
of
Servants
to
sit
at
Table
with
him
,
when
he
did
not
eat
with
his
Father
,
it
happen'd
that
another
Physician
,
full
of
argument
and
noise
had
given
great
disturbance
to
the
Company
,
whose
mouth
Philotas
stopt
with
this
Sophistical
Syllogism
:
It
is
proper
to
give
cold
water
to
one
that
has
a
Fever
in
some
degree
;
every
one
that
has
a
Fever
hath
it
in
some
degree
;
it
is
good
therefore
to
give
cold
water
in
a
Fever
.
The
Man
was
quite
struck
dumb
,
and
Antony's
Son
very
much
pleas'd
,
said
,
Philotas
all
that
is
yours
,
pointing
to
a
side-board
cover'd
with
rich
plate
.
Philotas
thank'd
him
for
his
good
will
,
but
could
not
conceive
that
the
young
Man
had
power
to
dispose
of
things
of
that
value
,
but
soon
after
the
Plate
was
all
brought
to
him
,
and
he
desired
to
set
his
mark
upon
it
,
who
fearing
to
accept
the
present
,
what
ails
the
Man
(
said
he
that
brought
it
)
do
you
know
that
he
that
gives
you
this
is
Antony's
Son
,
who
could
very
well
spare
it
if
it
were
all
gold
,
but
if
you
will
be
advis'd
by
me
,
I
would
counsel
you
to
accept
of
the
value
in
money
,
for
there
may
be
amongst
the
rest
some
piece
of
antiquity
,
or
the
Work
of
some
famous
Master
that
Antony
may
have
a
particular
esteem
for
.
These
relations
I
had
from
my
Grandfather
concerning
Philotas
.
To
return
to
Cleopatra
:
Plato
admits
Cleopatra's
humoring
him
.
but
of
four
sorts
of
Flattery
,
but
this
Woman
would
have
learn'd
him
a
thousand
different
kinds
,
that
he
ne'er
dream'd
off
:
Were
Antony
serious
or
dispos'd
to
mirth
,
she
had
every
minute
new
graces
and
new
arts
to
season
all
,
with
pleasure
and
delight
,
she
had
the
absolute
power
over
his
Spirit
,
and
never
left
him
day
nor
night
,
she
play'd
at
Dice
with
him
,
drank
with
him
,
hunted
with
him
,
and
when
exercising
in
Arms
she
was
always
by
him
,
she
would
go
a
rambling
with
him
a
nights
,
to
disturb
and
torment
People
under
their
Windows
,
drest
like
an
ordinary
Woman
,
for
Antony
went
in
Servants
disguise
,
and
from
those
expeditions
he
often
came
home
very
scurvily
treated
and
sometimes
beaten
severely
.
Though
this
sort
of
behaviour
was
very
unpleasing
to
some
,
yet
the
Alexandrians
were
well
satisfy'd
in
his
frolicks
and
jovial
humour
,
saying
pleasantly
,
that
they
had
great
obligations
for
Antony
,
who
diverted
them
with
a
Comical
Countenance
,
and
reserv'd
the
Tragical
for
the
Romans
.
It
would
be
very
tedious
to
be
more
particular
in
his
follies
,
but
his
fishing
must
not
be
forgot
.
He
went
out
one
day
to
angle
with
Cleopatra
,
and
being
so
unfortunate
as
to
catch
nothing
in
the
presence
of
his
Mistress
,
he
fell
into
a
great
passion
,
and
gave
secret
orders
to
the
Fishermen
to
dive
under
water
,
and
put
Fishes
that
had
been
fresh
taken
upon
his
hooks
,
he
drew
so
fast
that
the
subtil
Aegyptian
perceiv'd
it
,
but
feigning
great
admiration
,
she
told
every
body
how
dexterous
Antony
was
,
and
invited
them
next
day
to
come
and
see
him
again
;
so
soon
as
he
had
let
down
his
hook
,
one
of
her
Servants
was
too
nimble
for
his
Divers
,
and
fixed
upon
his
hook
a
salted
Fish
taken
in
the
Pontick
Sea
,
who
when
he
felt
his
Line
give
,
drew
up
the
prey
,
which
,
as
one
may
easily
imagine
,
gave
great
occasion
of
Laughter
,
which
she
turning
very
agreeably
,
said
,
Allow
us
,
brave
Sir
,
poor
inhabitants
of
Charos
and
Canopus
the
reputation
to
be
skilful
in
this
Art
,
your
Game
is
Cities
,
Provinces
,
and
Kingdoms
.
Whilst
Antony
was
thus
amused
in
his
Leaves
Alexandria
.
Childish
recreations
,
two
Messengers
arrive
,
the
one
from
Rome
,
who
informs
him
that
his
Brother
Lucius
and
his
Wife
Fulvia
,
after
many
quarrels
among
themselves
had
joyn'd
to
resist
Caesar
,
but
having
lost
all
were
forc'd
to
fly
out
of
Italy
:
The
other
brought
little
better
news
,
how
that
Labienus
at
the
head
of
the
Carthians
had
over-ran
Asia
from
Euphrates
and
Syria
all
along
to
Lydia
and
Ionia
,
scarce
could
he
be
rowsed
from
this
sleep
,
but
at
length
as
it
were
recovering
from
a
drunken
Fit
,
he
sets
onward
for
Parthia
,
and
having
got
as
far
as
Phaenicia
,
upon
the
receipt
of
most
lamentable
Letters
from
Fulvia
,
he
turn'd
his
Course
with
two
hundred
Ships
to
Italy
,
and
in
his
way
,
receiving
such
of
his
Friends
as
fled
from
Italy
,
he
was
given
to
understand
that
Fulvia
was
the
sole
cause
of
the
War
,
a
Woman
of
a
restless
Spirit
,
and
very
bold
,
and
withal
,
her
hopes
were
that
the
commotions
in
Italy
would
force
Antony
from
Cleopatra
.
But
it
happen'd
that
Fulvia
as
she
was
coming
to
meet
her
husband
,
fell
sick
by
the
way
,
and
dy'd
at
Sicyon
,
by
which
reason
an
accommodation
with
Caesar
was
easily
made
,
for
those
that
were
Friends
to
them
both
,
seeing
Antony
arriv'd
in
Italy
,
and
nothing
laid
to
his
charge
,
but
what
he
disown'd
,
and
shifted
off
upon
Fulvia
,
they
would
not
suffer
that
the
time
should
be
spent
in
justifying
and
accusing
,
Is
reconcil'd
to
Caesar
.
they
made
them
both
Friends
,
and
so
proceeded
to
the
division
of
the
Empire
,
the
Eastern
Provinces
were
given
to
Antony
,
to
Caesar
the
Western
,
and
Affrick
left
to
Lepidus
;
and
an
agreement
was
made
that
every
one
in
their
turn
,
as
they
thought
fit
,
should
make
their
Friends
Consuls
,
when
they
took
it
not
themselves
:
this
Agreement
was
well
approv'd
of
,
but
yet
't
was
thought
a
Stronger
tye
would
be
very
necessary
,
and
here
Fortune
was
propitious
,
for
Caesar
had
an
elder
Sister
not
of
the
whole
blood
,
for
Accia
was
his
Mothers
name
,
hers
Ancharia
;
this
Sister
he
lov'd
intirely
,
and
a
Lady
she
was
of
a
Noble
Character
,
the
Relict
of
Caius
Marcellus
,
and
Antony
was
now
a
Widower
by
the
death
of
Fulvia
;
for
though
he
did
not
disavow
the
passion
he
had
for
Cleopatra
,
yet
he
disown'd
any
thing
of
Marriage
,
Love
and
Reason
still
debating
in
his
Breast
what
was
to
become
of
the
fair
Aegyptian
Queen
.
Every
body
was
for
promoting
this
Marriage
,
it
being
the
general
expectation
,
that
a
Lady
of
so
much
Honour
,
Beauty
and
Prudence
,
being
perpetually
with
Antony
,
and
having
great
credit
with
him
,
as
might
reasonably
be
expected
,
affairs
would
easily
be
so
order'd
,
that
no
difference
should
arise
betwixt
him
and
Caesar
:
Both
parties
being
agreed
,
they
went
to
Rome
to
celebrate
the
Marries
Octavia
.
Nuptials
,
the
Senate
dispensing
with
the
Law
by
which
a
Widow
was
not
permitted
to
marry
till
ten
Months
after
the
death
of
her
Husband
.
Sextus
Compeius
was
in
possession
of
Sicily
,
who
with
his
Ships
under
the
command
of
Menas
and
Menecrates
two
famous
Pirates
,
infested
the
Italian
Coast
,
that
no
Vessels
durst
venture
into
those
Seas
.
Sextus
had
behaved
himself
with
much
humanity
towards
Antony
,
having
kindly
receiv'd
his
Wise
and
Mother
in
their
Flight
,
and
it
was
judg'd
fit
that
he
should
be
receiv'd
into
the
peace
:
they
met
nigh
to
the
Promontory
of
Misenum
upon
a
point
of
Land
that
runs
into
the
Sea
,
Pompey's
Fleet
being
at
anchor
in
the
Road
,
and
Antony
and
Caesar's
Army
drawn
up
all
along
the
Side
over
against
them
.
There
it
was
concluded
that
Sextus
should
quietly
enjoy
the
Government
of
Sicily
and
Sardinia
,
he
conditioning
to
scowre
the
Seas
of
all
Pirates
,
and
to
send
so
much
Corn
every
year
to
Rome
.
This
agreed
on
,
they
invited
one
another
to
supper
,
and
by
lot
it
fell
to
Pompey's
turn
to
make
the
first
entertainment
,
and
Antony
asking
where
it
was
to
be
,
there
said
he
,
pointing
to
the
Admiral
,
for
that
is
the
only
House
that
Pompey
is
Heir
to
of
his
Fathers
:
And
this
he
said
reflecting
upon
Antony
who
then
was
in
possession
of
his
Fathers
House
.
Having
cast
Anchor
and
made
a
Bridge
from
the
promontory
into
the
Galley
he
received
them
very
gallantly
,
when
they
began
to
grow
warm
,
which
occasion'd
many
pleasant
passages
upon
the
subject
of
Antony's
and
Cleopatra's
loves
,
Menas
the
Pirate
whispers
Pompey
in
the
ear
,
Sir
,
said
he
,
will
you
be
pleas'd
that
I
cut
the
Cable
,
which
will
not
only
make
you
Master
of
Sicily
and
Sardinia
but
of
the
whole
Roman
Empire
.
Pompey
having
for
a
while
considered
what
was
propos'd
,
return'd
him
this
answer
,
Menas
this
might
have
been
done
without
acquainting
me
in
't
,
now
let
us
make
the
best
of
our
present
condition
,
for
I
cannot
break
my
word
.
And
so
having
been
treated
by
the
other
two
in
their
turns
he
set
fail
for
Sicily
.
As
soon
as
matters
were
concerted
Antony
dispatch'd
Ventidius
into
Asia
to
put
a
stop
to
the
inroads
of
the
Carthians
,
and
he
to
make
a
complement
to
Octavius
accepted
of
the
Office
of
being
Priest
to
the
deceased
Caesar
,
and
in
all
occasions
of
common
civility
,
as
also
in
matters
of
the
highest
concernment
,
they
both
behaved
themselves
with
a
great
deal
of
easiness
and
friendship
:
But
Antony
could
not
suffer
with
patience
,
that
Caesar
,
in
all
little
plays
which
they
frequently
diverted
themselves
with
,
should
be
constantly
victorious
:
He
had
usually
with
him
an
Aegyptian
,
skilful
in
the
calculation
of
Nativities
,
who
either
to
make
his
Court
to
Cleopatra
,
or
that
by
the
rules
of
his
Art
he
found
it
so
to
be
,
did
declare
to
him
,
that
though
the
Fortune
that
did
attend
him
was
bright
and
glorious
,
yet
it
was
overshadowed
by
Caesar's
;
and
advised
him
to
keep
himself
far
distant
from
that
young
Man
,
for
your
Genius
,
said
he
,
dreads
his
.
When
absent
from
him
yours
is
proud
and
brave
,
but
in
his
presence
unmanly
and
dejected
;
and
the
event
did
shew
that
the
Aegyptian
spoke
truth
,
for
whensoever
they
play'd
by
drawing
lots
or
at
dice
Antony
was
still
the
loser
;
and
as
they
often
fought
game
Cocks
or
Quails
,
Caesar's
always
had
the
Victory
.
This
gave
Antony
a
sensible
displeasure
,
and
made
him
put
great
confidence
in
the
skill
of
his
Aegyptian
Astrologer
,
so
that
having
quitted
the
management
of
the
home
affairs
to
Caesar
,
he
left
Italy
and
took
Octavia
along
with
him
into
Greece
,
who
had
been
lately
brought
to
bed
of
a
Daughter
.
Whilst
he
winter'd
in
Athens
he
receiv'd
the
joyful
news
of
Ventidius
his
Victory
over
the
Carthians
,
of
Labienus
,
and
Charnapates
,
the
General
of
King
Herod's
Army
,
being
both
slain
;
for
the
celebrating
of
which
he
order'd
a
publick
feast
through
Greece
,
and
at
the
prizes
which
were
fought
at
Athens
he
himself
chose
to
be
Moderator
,
and
leaving
at
home
the
Ensigns
that
are
carried
before
the
General
,
he
made
his
procession
in
a
long
Gown
and
Slippers
with
the
wands
marching
before
,
which
are
usual
in
those
solemnities
,
and
he
performed
his
duty
in
parting
the
combatants
,
when
they
had
fought
enough
.
When
he
was
upon
marching
his
Army
he
made
him
a
garland
of
the
Olive
Tree
consecrated
to
Minerva
,
and
in
obedience
to
some
Oracle
he
fill'd
a
Vessel
with
the
water
of
the
[
](A55206-e21240-b)*
*
The
Clepsidra
was
an
hour
glass
with
water
instead
of
sand
:
That
here
mentioned
is
probably
the
public
measure
of
time
when
causes
were
heard
;
of
which
six
parts
was
allotted
to
the
Accuser
,
nine
to
the
Criminal
,
and
one
to
the
Judge
.
Clepsidra
to
carry
along
with
him
.
Pacorus
the
Parthian
Kings
Son
at
this
time
made
an
inrode
into
Syria
,
and
was
met
by
Ventidius
,
who
gave
him
Battel
in
the
Country
of
Cyrrestica
,
slew
most
of
his
Men
and
Pacorus
among
the
rest
.
This
Victory
gave
great
reputation
to
the
Romans
and
redeem'd
their
honour
,
which
had
suffer'd
much
ever
since
the
defeat
of
Crassus
,
the
Parthians
being
oblig'd
after
the
loss
of
three
Battels
successively
,
to
keep
themselves
within
the
bounds
of
Media
and
Mesopotamia
:
Ventidius
not
being
willing
to
push
his
good
Fortune
any
further
,
for
fear
of
raising
some
jealousie
in
Antony
,
but
turning
his
Arms
against
them
that
had
quitted
the
Roman
interest
,
he
reduc'd
them
to
their
former
obedience
:
Among
the
rest
he
besieged
Antiochus
King
of
Commogena
,
who
made
an
offer
of
a
thousand
talents
for
his
pardon
,
and
a
promise
to
continue
in
a
strict
compliance
to
all
Antony's
commands
;
but
Ventidius
told
him
that
Antony
was
upon
his
march
,
and
that
he
must
send
his
proposals
to
him
;
for
that
he
had
no
power
to
treat
with
him
to
the
end
that
this
small
affair
might
be
transacted
in
Antony's
name
,
that
People
might
not
think
,
that
he
did
nothing
but
by
his
Lieutenants
.
The
Siege
grew
very
tedious
,
for
when
they
perceived
that
they
could
not
make
any
reasonable
composition
,
they
resolved
to
hold
it
out
to
the
utmost
extremity
,
so
that
Antony
was
in
great
confusion
to
see
how
little
he
had
done
,
and
repented
himself
that
he
had
not
accepted
the
first
offer
;
in
the
conclusion
he
was
easily
induc'd
to
make
an
accommodation
with
Antiochus
for
three
hundred
Talents
,
and
having
given
some
orders
for
the
affairs
of
Syria
he
return'd
to
Athens
:
And
having
done
Ventidius
the
honours
he
well
deserved
,
he
dismiss'd
him
to
receive
his
Triumph
;
he
was
the
only
Man
that
ever
triumphed
for
Victories
obtained
o'er
the
Parthians
:
A
Man
of
obscure
Birth
,
but
by
the
means
of
Antony's
friendship
obtain'd
an
opportunity
of
shewing
himself
,
and
doing
great
things
;
and
his
making
so
good
use
of
it
gave
great
credit
to
an
observation
made
by
Caesar
,
that
Antony
was
much
more
successful
in
his
Arms
,
by
his
Lieutenants
,
than
in
his
own
Person
;
for
Sossius
,
Antony's
Lieutenant
in
Syria
,
had
done
miracles
:
And
Ventidius
,
whom
he
left
in
Armenia
,
had
quieted
all
that
Country
,
and
defeating
the
Kings
of
Albania
and
Ibe●ia
,
had
march'd
victorious
to
the
Mountains
of
Caucasus
,
by
which
means
the
same
of
Antony's
arms
was
grown
very
terrible
to
the
barbarous
Nations
.
Antony
was
much
incens'd
against
Caesar
,
by
reason
of
several
reports
,
that
were
made
him
of
his
unkindness
,
so
that
he
set
sail
with
three
hundred
Ships
for
Italy
,
and
being
refused
harbour
in
the
Port
of
Brundusium
,
he
made
for
Tarentum
;
there
his
Wife
Octavia
,
that
came
from
Greece
with
him
,
obtain'd
leave
to
visit
her
Brother
,
she
was
then
big
of
her
third
Child
;
as
she
was
on
her
way
to
Rome
,
she
met
Octavius
by
the
way
,
his
two
great
Friends
,
Mecaenas
and
Agrippa
,
in
his
company
,
she
took
them
aside
,
and
with
great
impressment
,
told
them
,
that
of
the
most
fortunate
Woman
upon
Earth
she
was
in
evident
danger
of
becoming
the
most
miserable
Creature
breathing
;
that
every
ones
eyes
were
fix'd
upon
her
,
as
the
Wife
and
Sister
of
the
two
Men
,
that
did
divide
the
whole
World
between
them
,
but
that
,
if
rash
counsels
should
prevail
,
and
war
ensue
,
I
shall
be
miserable
(
said
she
)
without
redress
,
for
on
what
side
soever
Victory
falls
,
I
shall
be
sure
to
be
a
loser
.
Caesar
was
softened
by
the
entreaties
of
his
Sister
,
so
that
he
march'd
in
a
peaceful
manner
to
Tarentum
.
They
that
were
present
at
this
Enterview
were
strangely
delighted
to
see
so
great
an
Army
drawn
up
by
the
Shore
,
and
so
great
a
Fleet
in
the
Harbour
without
doing
any
act
of
hostility
;
nothing
but
kind
Salutations
,
and
other
expressions
of
joy
and
friendship
passing
from
one
Army
to
th'
other
.
Antony
invited
Caesar
first
to
supper
,
which
he
accepted
of
in
consideration
of
Octavia
:
At
length
an
agreement
was
made
between
them
,
that
Caesar
should
give
Antony
two
of
his
Legions
to
serve
him
in
the
Parthian
War
,
and
that
Antony
should
in
return
leave
with
him
an
hundred
arm'd
Galleys
:
And
Octavia
did
obtain
of
her
Husband
besides
this
,
twenty
light
Ships
for
her
Brother
:
And
of
her
Brother
a
thousand
Foot
for
her
Husband
:
So
having
parted
very
good
friends
,
Caesar
went
immediately
to
make
War
with
Pompey
to
conquer
Sicily
:
And
Antony
leaving
with
him
his
Wife
and
Children
,
and
his
Children
by
his
former
Wife
Fulvia
,
set
sail
for
Asia
.
Then
it
was
that
the
worst
of
infectious
diseases
,
Love
,
and
the
Love
of
Cleopatra
,
which
had
lain
quiet
in
his
breast
so
long
,
and
seem'd
to
have
given
place
to
the
temperate
duties
of
Life
,
upon
his
approach
to
Syria
,
gathered
strength
again
,
and
broke
out
into
a
flame
;
and
unbridled
Lust
,
which
Plato
calls
the
horse
of
the
Soul
,
that
has
flung
his
Rider
,
broke
loose
in
defiance
of
all
wholesom
and
serious
Counsel
:
He
sends
Fonteius
Capito
to
conduct
Cleopatra
into
Syria
,
to
whom
at
her
arrival
,
he
made
no
small
present
;
for
besides
what
he
had
given
her
,
he
added
the
Provinces
of
Phoenicia
,
the
Lower
Syria
,
Cyprus
,
great
part
of
Cilicia
,
and
that
side
of
Judea
,
which
produces
the
true
Balm
,
that
part
of
Arabia
,
where
the
Nabathaeans
are
,
by
the
Sea-side
;
these
profuse
gifts
did
much
displease
the
Romans
;
for
although
he
had
invested
several
private
persons
in
great
Governments
and
Kingdoms
,
and
bereaved
many
Kings
of
theirs
,
as
Antigonus
of
Judea
,
whose
head
he
caused
to
be
struck
off
,
the
first
crown'd
head
,
that
ever
suffer'd
that
opprobrious
death
.
Yet
nothing
was
so
grievous
to
the
Romans
,
as
the
vile
profusions
he
made
upon
that
Woman
,
and
their
dissatisfaction
was
much
augmented
by
giving
the
Sirnames
of
the
Sun
&
Moon
to
Alexander
and
Cleopatra
,
Twins
born
to
him
by
her
.
But
he
,
who
knew
how
to
varnish
over
the
most
dishonest
Action
with
specious
colours
,
would
say
,
that
the
greatness
of
the
Roman
Empire
consisted
more
in
giving
,
than
in
taking
Kingdoms
,
and
that
the
Noble
Blood
of
Kings
was
communicated
to
all
the
World
,
when
they
left
their
Off-spring
in
every
place
they
came
,
and
that
by
this
means
he
had
the
honour
to
descend
from
Hercules
,
who
never
recommended
the
hopes
of
his
Posterity
to
the
guard
of
any
one
Woman
,
nor
feared
to
transgress
the
Laws
of
Solon
,
in
order
to
observe
the
great
Dictates
of
Nature
,
which
gives
such
lively
instruction
towards
the
continuance
of
our
Race
.
After
Phraortes
had
killed
his
Father
Herod
,
and
taken
possession
of
his
Kingdom
,
many
of
the
Parthian
Nobility
left
their
Country
;
among
the
rest
,
Moneses
,
a
Nobleman
of
great
Authority
,
who
making
his
application
to
Antony
,
was
received
with
great
kindness
;
for
he
look'd
upon
him
as
one
in
the
Circumstances
of
Themistocles
,
and
his
own
Fortune
,
considering
his
great
Wealth
,
was
comparable
to
the
Persian
Kings
;
for
he
gave
him
three
Cities
,
Larissa
,
Arethusa
,
and
Hierapolis
,
which
was
formerly
called
Bombyce
.
But
the
King
of
Parthia
did
soon
recall
him
,
giving
him
his
Word
and
Honour
for
his
Safety
;
and
Antony
was
not
unwilling
to
give
him
leave
to
return
,
hoping
thereby
to
surprize
Phráortes
;
for
he
sent
him
word
he
would
remain
his
Friend
,
upon
condition
he
would
send
back
the
Roman
Standards
and
Ensigns
which
were
taken
by
the
Parthians
,
when
Crassus
was
slain
,
and
withall
the
Prisoners
that
remained
yet
alive
of
that
Battel
.
This
done
,
he
sent
Cleopatra
into
Egypt
,
and
gathering
his
Forces
together
,
and
joyning
the
associate
Kings
(
for
there
were
many
of
them
;
the
most
considerable
was
Artuasdes
,
King
of
Armenia
,
who
came
at
the
head
of
six
thousand
Horse
,
and
seven
thousand
Foot
)
he
made
a
general
Muster
;
there
appeared
sixty
thousand
Roman
Foot
,
ten
thousand
Horse
,
consisting
of
Spann●rds
and
Gauls
,
who
were
esteem'd
of
as
Romans
;
of
other
Nations
horse
and
Foot
,
thirty
thousand
;
and
these
great
Preparations
,
that
made
India
tremble
,
and
put
all
Asia
into
a
consternation
,
were
of
no
use
to
him
,
because
of
Cleopatra
,
for
in
order
to
pass
the
Winter
with
her
,
every
thing
was
done
in
haste
,
he
was
so
charm'd
and
bewitch'd
with
the
Thoughts
of
his
Mistress
,
that
his
Soul
was
employ'd
in
overcoming
the
Difficulties
that
kept
him
from
her
,
more
than
in
any
design
of
vanquishing
the
Enemy
;
for
whereas
he
should
have
taken
up
his
Winter-Quarters
in
Armenia
,
to
refresh
his
Men
,
who
were
tired
with
long
Marches
,
having
come
at
least
five
hundred
Leagues
,
and
then
to
have
taken
the
advantage
in
the
beginning
of
the
Spring
to
invade
Media
,
before
the
Parthians
were
drawn
out
of
Garrison
,
he
had
not
patience
to
expect
his
time
,
but
march'd
into
the
Province
of
Atropatene
,
leaving
Armenia
on
the
right
hand
,
and
laying
waste
all
that
Country
,
his
haste
was
so
great
,
that
he
left
behind
all
the
Engines
of
Battery
,
which
follow'd
the
Camp
in
three
hundred
Chariots
;
among
the
other
Engines
,
there
was
a
Ram
of
fourscore
foot
long
,
which
was
of
great
use
in
his
Designs
;
and
it
was
impossible
,
if
they
were
either
lost
or
endamaged
,
to
repair
them
,
or
make
the
like
;
for
the
Pro●inces
of
the
upper
Asia
produce
not
Trees
long
or
strait
enough
for
such
Uses
;
nevertheless
he
left
them
all
behind
,
as
a
great
impediment
to
the
Designs
he
had
then
projected
;
so
that
he
had
left
a
Party
commanded
by
Tatianus
,
to
guard
them
,
and
he
himself
laid
Siege
to
Phraata
,
the
principal
City
of
the
King
of
Media
,
wherein
were
that
King's
Wife
and
Children
:
Here
it
was
that
he
was
soon
made
sensible
of
the
Errour
he
committed
in
leaving
the
battering
Rams
behind
him
;
for
not
having
wherewithal
to
make
a
Breach
,
he
was
constrained
with
infinite
pains
to
cast
up
a
Mount
of
Earth
against
the
Wall
;
during
the
Siege
,
Phraortes
arrives
with
a
great
Army
;
who
understanding
that
the
Chariots
were
left
behind
,
with
the
battering
Engines
,
he
sent
thither
a
strong
Party
of
Horse
,
by
which
Tatianus
,
with
ten
thousand
Horse
are
flain
,
the
Engines
all
broke
in
pieces
,
many
taken
Prisoners
,
and
among
the
rest
,
King
Polemon
.
This
great
Miscarriage
in
the
opening
the
Campagne
,
did
much
discourage
Antony's
Army
,
and
Artuasdes
King
of
Armenia
,
despairing
of
any
better
Success
,
withdrew
himself
with
all
his
Forces
from
the
Roman
Camp
,
although
he
had
been
the
chief
Promoter
of
the
War
.
The
Parthians
encouraged
by
this
Success
,
came
up
to
the
Romans
at
the
Siege
of
their
Royal
City
,
and
gave
them
many
Affronts
;
upon
which
,
Antony
fearing
that
the
Souldiers
might
lose
Courage
,
or
have
a
less
esteem
of
him
,
if
he
lay
idle
,
he
,
with
all
the
Horse
,
three
Pretorian
Cohorts
,
and
ten
Legions
,
was
resolved
to
go
out
and
forrage
,
designing
by
this
means
to
draw
the
Enemy
with
more
advantage
to
a
Battel
;
and
to
effect
this
,
he
marched
a
Day
's
Journey
from
hi●
Camp
,
which
did
bring
the
Parthians
to
a
Battel
,
who
were
drawn
up
in
readiness
to
charge
him
so
soon
as
he
should
march
;
he
orders
therefore
the
Tents
and
Baggage
to
be
pack'd
up
,
as
if
his
intention
were
to
decline
the
giving
Battel
,
and
only
to
lead
his
Men
back
to
the
Camp
.
The
Enemy
was
drawn
up
in
a
Half-Moon
,
and
Antony
had
given
order
to
the
Horse
to
charge
them
briskly
so
soon
as
the
Legions
were
come
up
nigh
enough
to
second
them
.
The
Parthians
standing
still
while
the
Romans
march'd
by
them
,
were
in
great
admiration
of
their
man-like
Behaviour
,
and
exact
Discipline
,
nothing
could
be
more
just
than
the
distance
which
was
kept
between
the
Ranks
,
and
the
shaking
their
Pikes
as
they
pass'd
by
,
in
a
profound
silence
,
was
very
graceful
;
but
when
the
Signal
was
given
,
the
Horse
turn'd
short
upon
the
Parthians
,
and
with
loud
Cries
charg'd
them
home
;
they
were
bravely
receiv'd
at
first
;
but
the
Legions
coming
up
with
loud
shouts
and
ratling
of
their
Arms
,
did
so
frighten
the
Horses
,
and
soon
the
Parthians
themselves
,
that
they
could
keep
their
ground
no
longer
.
Antony
press'd
them
hard
,
in
great
hopes
that
this
Victory
should
give
an
end
to
the
War
;
the
Foot
had
them
in
pursuit
three
Leagues
,
and
the
Horse
nine
,
and
the
Advantage
summ'd
up
,
they
had
but
thirty
Prisoners
,
and
there
was
but
fourscore
slain
:
This
was
a
great
discouragement
to
them
,
to
consider
,
that
when
they
were
victorious
,
their
Advantage
was
so
small
,
and
that
when
they
were
beaten
,
they
lost
so
great
a
number
of
Men
;
as
it
happened
when
the
Carriages
were
taken
.
The
next
day
,
having
put
the
Baggage
in
order
,
they
marched
back
to
the
Camp
before
Phraata
:
in
the
way
,
meeting
with
some
scattering
Troops
of
the
Enemy
,
and
as
they
marched
further
,
with
greater
Parties
,
at
length
with
the
Body
of
the
Enemies
Army
,
fresh
and
in
good
order
,
who
charg'd
them
,
and
broke
their
Ranks
,
that
it
was
not
without
great
difficulty
that
they
reach'd
the
Camp
.
There
Antony
finding
that
his
men
had
in
a
great
consternation
deserted
the
defence
of
the
Mount
,
upon
a
Sally
of
the
Medes
,
resolved
to
proceed
against
them
by
decimation
,
which
is
done
by
dividing
the
Legions
by
Tens
,
and
out
of
every
Ten
,
to
put
one
to
death
,
as
it
happens
by
Lot
,
and
for
them
that
escape
,
they
have
,
instead
of
Wheat
,
their
proportion
of
Corn
in
Barley
.
The
War
was
now
become
grievous
to
both
Parties
;
but
was
more
dreadful
to
Antony
,
in
respect
that
he
was
threatned
with
Famine
,
for
he
could
no
longer
forrage
without
great
hazard
and
slaughter
of
his
Men.
And
Phraortes
on
the
other
side
,
who
was
not
ignorant
of
the
humour
of
his
men
,
did
more
than
suspect
,
that
if
the
Romans
did
obstinately
persist
in
their
resolution
of
carrying
on
the
Siege
,
the
Autumnal
Equinox
being
past
,
and
the
Rains
threatning
him
he
should
be
deserted
by
his
Souldiers
,
who
would
suffer
any
thing
rather
than
wintering
in
open
Field
;
to
prevent
which
,
he
gave
order
to
his
chief
Officers
,
not
to
pursue
the
Romans
too
close
,
when
they
met
them
forraging
,
but
to
suffer
them
to
carry
off
some
Provision
;
that
they
should
praise
their
Valour
,
and
declare
,
that
it
was
not
without
just
reason
,
that
their
King
look'd
upon
the
Romans
as
the
bravest
men
in
the
world
,
and
that
they
should
upon
opportunity
of
more
familiar
Discourse
blame
Antony
for
his
obstinacy
,
that
whereas
Phraortes
desiring
nothing
more
than
Peace
,
and
an
occasion
to
shew
how
ready
he
was
to
save
the
lives
of
so
many
brave
Souldiers
,
he
on
the
contrary
,
should
defeat
all
his
generous
Designs
,
and
trust
himself
rather
to
Winter
and
Famine
,
two
Enemies
,
that
must
of
necessity
destroy
them
,
though
the
Parthians
should
use
all
friendly
endeavours
to
preserve
them
.
Antony
having
these
Reports
from
many
hands
,
began
to
be
in
some
hopes
;
but
he
would
not
send
any
Ambassadors
to
the
Parthian
,
till
he
was
informed
by
these
kind
Enemies
,
whether
what
they
said
was
of
their
own
head
,
or
by
order
of
their
King
,
receiving
answer
that
this
was
the
sence
of
their
Master
,
and
new
encouragement
to
believe
them
,
Antony
sent
some
of
his
Friends
to
demand
the
Standards
and
Prisoners
that
were
yet
remaining
in
his
hands
since
the
defeat
of
Crassus
,
lest
if
he
should
ask
nothing
,
he
might
be
supposed
to
be
too
much
overjoy'd
with
leave
to
make
his
retreat
in
quiet
.
The
Parthian
King
made
answer
,
That
as
for
the
Prisoners
,
he
need
not
trouble
himself
;
but
if
he
thought
fit
to
retreat
,
he
might
do
it
when
he
pleas'd
,
in
peace
and
safety
.
Some
few
days
therefore
being
spent
in
ordering
the
Baggage
,
he
resolv'd
upon
his
March
;
and
here
it
was
that
Antony
,
the
man
in
the
world
the
fittest
to
harangue
the
Army
,
finding
himself
oppress'd
with
shame
and
grief
,
could
not
find
in
his
heart
to
speak
himself
,
but
employed
Domitius
Aenobarbus
;
many
of
the
Souldiers
resented
it
,
as
an
undervaluing
of
them
;
but
the
better
sort
saw
the
true
cause
,
and
thought
this
rather
an
argument
,
why
they
on
their
side
should
treat
their
General
with
more
respect
than
ordinary
.
Antony
having
resolved
to
return
by
the
same
way
he
came
,
which
was
thro'
a
plain
flat
Country
,
a
certain
Mardian
came
to
him
(
one
that
was
very
conversant
with
the
Manners
of
the
Parthians
,
and
whose
fidelity
to
the
Romans
,
had
been
tried
at
the
Battel
where
the
Machines
were
lost
)
and
advis'd
him
to
leave
the
Mountains
on
his
right
hand
,
and
not
to
expose
his
Men
heavy
armed
in
an
open
Country
to
the
Assaults
of
a
numerous
Army
of
light
Horse
and
Archers
,
that
Phraortes
with
fair
promises
had
perswaded
him
from
the
Siege
,
that
he
might
with
more
ease
cut
him
off
in
his
Retreat
;
but
if
so
he
pleased
,
he
would
conduct
him
a
nigher
way
,
where
he
should
find
the
Necessaries
for
his
Army
in
greater
abundance
.
Antony
upon
this
,
began
to
consider
what
was
best
to
be
done
;
he
was
unwilling
to
seem
to
have
any
Mistrust
of
the
Parthians
after
their
Treaty
;
but
being
more
desirous
to
march
his
Army
the
nighest
and
most
convenient
way
,
he
demanded
of
the
Mardian
some
assurance
of
his
Faith
,
who
offered
himself
to
be
bound
until
the
Army
came
safe
into
Armenia
.
Two
days
he
conducted
the
Army
bound
,
and
on
the
third
,
when
Antony
little
expected
the
Enemy
,
but
marched
in
no
very
good
order
,
the
Mardian
perceiving
the
Banks
of
a
River
broken
down
,
and
the
Water
over-flowing
the
way
by
which
they
were
to
pass
,
did
imagine
that
this
might
be
done
by
the
Parthians
,
to
hinder
their
March
,
and
did
therefore
advise
Antony
to
be
upon
his
Guard
,
for
that
the
Enemy
was
nigh
;
and
no
sooner
had
he
put
his
men
in
order
,
disposing
of
the
Slingers
in
the
Front
,
to
make
the
on-set
;
but
the
Parthians
came
pouring
upon
them
,
thinking
to
encompass
the
Army
;
they
were
receiv'd
by
the
light
Horse
,
which
were
sore
gall'd
by
their
Javelins
,
but
they
themselves
being
warmly
entertain'd
,
and
many
wounded
,
made
their
retreat
,
but
soon
after
rallying
up
afresh
,
they
were
beat
back
by
a
Battalion
of
Gallick
Horse
,
and
appear'd
no
more
that
day
.
By
their
manner
of
Attack
,
Antony
being
instructed
what
to
do
,
did
not
only
place
the
slings
and
javelins
in
the
Front
,
but
lin'd
both
the
wings
with
the
same
,
and
so
march'd
in
a
square
Battel
,
giving
order
to
the
Horse
to
charge
and
beat
off
the
Enemy
,
but
not
to
follow
them
too
far
as
they
retir'd
.
So
that
the
Parthians
not
doing
much
more
Mischief
for
the
four
ensuing
days
than
they
receiv'd
,
began
to
abate
in
their
heat
,
and
complaining
that
the
Winter-Season
was
much
advanc'd
,
press'd
for
returning
home
.
On
the
fifth
Day
Flavius
Gallus
,
a
brave
Officer
,
who
had
a
considerable
Command
in
the
Army
,
came
to
Antony
,
desiring
of
him
some
Troops
of
light
Horse
out
of
the
Rear
,
and
some
other
Horse
out
of
the
front
,
with
the
which
he
would
undertake
to
do
some
considerable
service
.
Which
when
he
had
obtain'd
,
he
beat
the
Enemy
back
,
not
retiring
,
as
was
usual
,
to
the
Gross
of
the
Army
,
but
making
his
ground
good
,
and
pressing
on
with
great
obstinacy
,
the
Officers
who
commanded
in
the
Rear
of
this
Detachment
,
perceiving
how
far
he
had
got
from
the
Body
of
the
Army
,
sent
to
warn
him
back
,
but
he
took
no
notice
of
them
.
'T
is
said
,
that
Titius
the
Questor
snatch'd
the
Colours
,
and
retreated
,
telling
Gallus
that
he
did
very
ill
to
lead
so
many
brave
men
on
to
certain
destruction
,
he
on
the
other
side
,
reviling
him
again
,
and
commanding
the
men
that
were
about
him
to
stand
firm
,
Titius
made
his
retreat
,
but
Gallus
charging
the
enemies
in
the
Front
,
was
encompass'd
by
a
Party
that
fell
upon
his
Rear
;
which
at
length
perceiving
,
he
sent
a
Messenger
to
demand
succour
;
but
they
that
commanded
the
Legions
,
among
which
was
Canidius
,
a
particular
Favourite
of
Antony's
,
seem'd
to
have
committed
a
great
oversight
;
for
instead
of
marching
up
with
the
whole
Army
,
they
sent
small
Parties
,
and
when
they
were
defeated
,
they
still
sent
out
small
Parties
;
so
that
by
their
ill
management
,
the
whole
Army
was
in
danger
of
being
routed
,
which
had
certainly
happen'd
if
Antony
himself
had
not
march'd
from
the
front
of
the
main
Battel
at
the
head
of
the
third
Legion
;
which
passing
through
them
that
fled
,
fac'd
the
Enemies
,
&
hindred
them
from
any
farther
pursuit
.
In
this
Engagement
,
were
killed
three
thousand
,
five
thousand
were
carried
back
to
the
Camp
,
the
wounded
,
amongst
the
rest
,
Gallus
shot
through
the
Body
with
four
Arrows
,
of
which
wounds
he
died
.
Antony
went
from
Tent
to
Tent
,
to
visit
and
comfort
the
wounded
,
and
was
not
able
to
see
his
men
without
weeping
,
but
they
would
take
him
by
the
hand
chearfully
,
and
intreat
him
to
go
and
get
his
own
Wounds
dress'd
,
and
not
concern
himself
for
them
;
calling
him
their
Emperour
and
their
General
,
and
that
if
he
did
well
,
they
were
safe
.
For
in
short
,
never
since
that
time
can
Fame
make
mention
of
a
General
at
the
Head
of
so
gallant
a
Body
of
Men
;
whether
you
consider
Strength
and
Youth
,
or
Patience
and
Sufferance
in
all
Labours
and
Fatigues
;
but
as
for
the
exact
Obedience
,
and
particular
Respect
they
bore
their
General
,
that
good
will
and
perfect
Friendship
,
that
was
so
universal
in
the
Army
amongst
Small
and
Great
,
Nobles
and
Peasants
,
Officers
and
common
Souldiers
,
so
affectionate
,
and
so
devoted
to
him
,
as
to
preferr
his
good
Opinion
of
them
to
their
very
Lives
and
Being
;
that
in
this
part
of
Military
Discipline
I
may
boldly
say
they
equall'd
the
Glory
and
Reputation
of
ancient
Rome
.
Of
which
Love
,
as
I
have
said
before
,
many
were
the
Reasons
,
as
the
Nobility
and
Antiquity
of
his
Family
,
his
Eloquence
,
his
Behaviour
,
his
Liberality
,
and
Magnificence
,
his
Familiarity
in
entertaining
every
Body
,
and
particularly
,
his
Kindness
in
assisting
,
visiting
and
bewailing
the
sick
,
furnishing
them
with
all
things
necessary
,
that
the
poor
Wretches
that
were
sick
and
wounded
,
were
as
heartily
disposed
to
serve
,
as
those
that
enjoy'd
their
Health
and
Vigour
.
But
this
last
Victory
had
so
encouraged
the
Enemy
,
that
they
began
to
despise
the
Romans
,
staying
all
night
on
horseback
,
nigh
the
Camp
,
in
expectation
of
Plundering
their
Tents
and
Baggage
,
which
they
concluded
they
must
desert
,
as
a
great
impediment
in
their
flight
;
and
in
the
morning
new
Forces
arrived
,
that
their
number
was
grown
to
be
at
least
40000
Horse
.
The
King
having
sent
Guards
that
attended
upon
his
own
Person
,
as
to
a
sure
and
unquestion'd
Victory
;
for
he
himself
was
never
present
in
fight
.
Antony
designing
to
harangue
the
Souldiers
,
call'd
for
his
mourning-habit
,
that
he
might
move
them
the
more
;
but
he
was
persuaded
by
his
Friends
to
put
on
the
habit
of
General
.
In
his
Speech
he
gave
great
commendations
to
them
that
had
gain'd
the
victory
;
as
for
those
that
fled
,
he
blam'd
them
much
;
the
former
gave
him
great
Encouragement
in
their
brave
Promises
;
and
the
latter
excusing
themselves
as
well
as
they
could
,
told
him
they
were
ready
to
undergo
decimation
,
or
if
there
were
any
other
punishment
he
would
please
to
inflict
upon
them
they
did
submit
chearfully
,
only
intreating
that
he
would
forget
and
not
discompose
himself
with
their
faults
,
at
which
he
lifted
up
his
hands
to
Heaven
,
and
prayed
the
Gods
,
that
if
to
balance
the
great
favours
he
had
received
of
them
,
any
judgment
lay
in
store
,
that
they
would
pour
it
upon
his
head
alone
,
and
grant
that
Army
victory
.
The
next
day
they
took
better
order
for
their
march
,
and
the
Parthians
,
who
thought
they
were
marching
rather
to
plunder
than
to
fight
were
surpriz'd
to
find
the
enemy
not
disheartened
,
but
fresh
and
resolute
,
so
that
they
themselves
began
to
lose
courage
;
but
for
all
this
,
at
the
descent
of
a
little
Hill
,
where
the
Romans
were
oblig'd
to
pass
,
the
Parthians
got
together
,
and
let
fly
their
arrows
in
great
showers
upon
them
,
and
by
reason
of
the
difficulty
of
the
way
,
their
march
was
very
slow
.
Here
the
Legions
that
were
arm'd
at
all
points
were
order'd
to
defend
on
each
side
the
light
arm'd
,
by
kneeling
down
on
their
knees
,
a●d
holding
their
shields
stooping
over
them
,
the
next
rank
holding
theirs
over
the
first
,
and
so
onwards
,
that
the
army
in
this
figure
did
much
resemble
the
order
that
is
observable
in
the
tiling
of
a
House
,
or
the
degrees
in
a
Theatre
,
and
is
a
sure
defence
against
Arrows
,
which
glance
upon
them
without
doing
any
harm
.
The
Parthians
seeing
the
Romans
down
upon
their
knees
could
not
imagine
but
that
it
must
proceed
from
weariness
;
so
that
they
laid
down
their
Bows
,
and
taking
their
Spears
made
a
fierce
onset
:
when
the
Romans
with
a
great
cry
leaped
upon
their
Legs
,
and
with
their
Lances
slew
the
foremost
and
put
the
rest
to
flight
.
After
this
rate
it
was
every
day
,
and
the
trouble
they
gave
Antony
was
so
vexatious
that
his
marches
were
short
,
by
reason
of
which
the
famine
was
very
great
in
the
Camp
,
for
they
could
get
but
little
Corn
,
and
that
which
they
got
they
were
forc'd
to
fight
for
,
and
besides
this
they
were
in
great
want
of
Instruments
to
grind
their
Corn
,
and
make
their
Bread
,
they
had
left
them
behind
,
the
baggage
horses
being
dead
,
or
otherwise
employed
in
carrying
the
sick
and
wounded
:
Provision
was
so
scarce
in
the
Army
,
that
half
a
Peck
of
Wheat
was
sold
for
five
Crowns
,
and
Oats
for
the
weight
in
Silver
;
they
were
brought
to
feed
upon
Herbs
and
Roots
,
such
as
are
commonly
eaten
were
very
scarce
,
so
that
they
were
constrain'd
to
venture
upon
any
they
found
,
among
others
they
happen'd
upon
an
Herb
that
was
mortal
,
which
did
first
take
away
all
sense
and
understanding
.
He
that
had
eaten
of
it
remembred
nothing
in
the
World
;
and
employed
himself
wholly
in
removing
of
stones
from
one
place
to
another
,
which
he
did
with
as
much
earnestness
and
industry
,
as
if
it
had
been
a
business
of
the
greatest
consequence
,
and
required
dispatch
;
through
all
the
Camp
there
was
nothing
to
be
seen
but
Men
grubling
upon
the
ground
for
stones
,
which
they
carried
from
one
place
to
another
,
but
in
the
end
after
having
vomited
much
Choler
they
fell
down
dead
,
and
chiefly
this
when
their
Wine
began
to
fail
,
which
was
a
sovereign
remedy
against
this
distemper
.
When
Antony
saw
them
die
so
fast
,
and
the
Parthian
still
in
pursuit
,
he
was
heard
to
cry
out
,
O
the
ten
Thousand
,
the
ten
Thousand
!
In
remembrance
of
the
famous
retreat
of
Xenophon
,
who
when
he
had
a
longer
journey
to
make
from
Babylon
,
and
a
more
powerful
enemy
to
deal
with
,
brought
his
Men
home
safe
.
The
Parthians
finding
that
they
could
not
defeat
the
Roman
Army
,
nor
in
no
wise
break
the
order
of
their
Battel
,
and
that
withal
they
had
been
so
often
worsted
,
began
to
treat
the
forragers
with
a
great
deal
of
humanity
;
they
came
up
to
them
in
all
appearance
of
friendship
with
their
Bows
unbended
telling
them
that
they
were
going
home
to
their
houses
,
that
they
had
quite
given
o'er
the
pursuit
,
and
that
only
some
Median
troops
would
follow
them
for
two
or
three
days
,
not
with
any
design
to
annoy
them
,
but
only
for
the
defence
of
some
scattering
Villages
,
and
saying
this
,
they
saluted
them
and
embraced
them
with
a
great
shew
of
friendship
.
Antony
,
who
had
all
along
a
great
desire
to
march
through
the
flat
Country
,
hearing
these
discourses
was
almost
resolv'd
to
march
the
open
way
,
and
so
much
the
more
in
regard
that
no
water
was
to
be
hoped
for
in
those
Mountains
.
But
while
he
was
deliberating
,
Mithridates
arriv'd
in
the
Camp
,
he
was
first
cousin
to
Moneses
,
of
whom
we
related
that
he
came
for
refuge
into
the
Roman
Army
,
and
receiv'd
in
gift
from
Antony
three
Cities
.
Upon
his
arrival
he
desired
some
body
might
be
brought
to
him
that
could
speak
Syriack
or
the
Parthian
Tongue
.
One
Alexander
of
Antioch
a
friend
of
Antony's
was
brought
to
him
,
to
whom
the
stranger
declar'd
,
that
he
was
sent
to
Antony
from
Moneses
in
acknowledgment
of
the
favours
and
honours
he
had
received
from
him
,
and
to
make
him
a
return
if
it
were
possible
;
he
asked
Alexander
if
he
saw
those
high
Hills
,
pointing
at
some
distance
:
He
told
him
yes
.
'T
is
there
said
he
the
whole
Parthian
Army
attend
your
passage
,
the
great
Plains
behind
those
Hills
will
be
very
advantageous
to
you
in
your
march
,
and
therefore
there
they
do
expect
you
in
ambush
,
being
perswaded
you
will
confide
in
their
promises
,
and
leave
the
way
of
the
Mountains
;
't
is
true
that
in
passing
o'er
the
Mountains
you
will
suffer
the
usual
inconveniences
for
want
of
water
,
and
the
fatigue
will
be
somewhat
the
greater
;
but
if
you
pass
through
the
plains
,
Antony
must
in
all
appearance
run
the
fortune
of
Crassus
.
This
said
,
he
departed
.
Antony
calling
his
friends
in
Council
,
sent
for
the
Mardian
guide
,
who
was
of
the
same
opinion
.
He
told
them
that
the
way
through
the
plain
was
a
great
way
about
,
and
very
difficult
to
find
,
that
the
other
indeed
was
rough
,
but
then
it
was
but
for
a
day
.
Changing
therefore
his
mind
,
he
march'd
away
that
night
,
and
commanded
that
every
one
should
carry
water
sufficient
for
his
own
use
,
but
most
of
them
being
unprovided
of
vessels
;
they
made
shift
with
their
helmets
,
those
that
had
bottles
fill'd
them
for
their
own
use
.
The
Parthians
were
no
sooner
acquainted
that
the
Romans
were
on
their
march
,
but
they
followed
them
,
contrary
to
their
custom
,
the
same
night
,
and
by
break
of
day
they
fell
in
with
the
rear
,
which
was
quite
tired
with
marching
,
and
want
of
sleep
,
that
they
were
not
in
condition
of
making
any
considerable
defence
,
for
they
had
march'd
fifteen
leagues
that
night
,
and
at
the
end
of
their
journey
found
the
enemy
at
their
heels
,
which
put
them
out
of
all
patience
;
besides
being
to
fight
for
every
step
of
the
way
they
made
in
their
retreat
their
thirst
was
increased
beyond
all
sufferance
.
Those
that
were
in
the
front
of
the
Army
were
come
up
to
a
River
,
the
water
of
which
was
extremely
cool
and
clear
,
but
brackish
and
medicinal
,
and
being
drank
caused
an
unquenchionable
thirst
,
and
acute
pains
in
the
Bowels
;
of
this
the
Mardian
had
forewarn'd
them
,
but
their
thirst
was
so
great
,
that
beating
back
them
that
oppos'd
them
,
they
drank
largely
of
it
.
Antony
ran
from
one
place
to
another
,
begging
they
would
have
a
little
patience
,
that
not
far
off
there
was
a
River
of
wholesom
water
,
and
that
the
rest
of
the
way
was
so
difficult
for
the
Horse
that
the
Enemy
could
pursue
them
no
further
;
and
saying
this
,
he
order'd
to
sound
a
retreat
to
call
them
back
that
were
engaged
,
and
commanded
the
Tents
should
be
set
up
,
that
the
Soldiers
might
refresh
themselves
in
the
shade
;
but
the
Tents
were
scarce
well
put
up
,
and
the
Parthians
retired
according
to
their
custom
,
when
Mithridates
came
again
to
them
,
and
inform'd
the
Interpreter
,
with
whom
he
had
before
spoken
,
that
he
should
do
well
to
advise
Antony
to
stay
where
he
was
no
longer
than
needs
he
must
,
that
after
having
refresh'd
his
Troops
,
he
would
endeavour
with
all
diligence
to
gain
the
next
River
,
that
the
Parthians
would
pursue
them
no
further
,
but
so
far
they
were
resolv'd
to
follow
them
.
Alexander
who
was
the
Interpreter
made
his
report
to
Antony
,
who
order'd
a
good
quantity
of
Gold
Plate
to
be
presented
to
Mithridates
,
who
taking
as
much
as
he
could
well
hide
under
his
Gown
went
his
way
.
Upon
this
advice
Antony
decamp'd
while
it
was
yet
day
,
and
the
whole
Army
march'd
without
receiving
any
molestation
from
the
Parthians
;
but
they
themselves
were
the
cause
that
that
night
was
the
most
terrible
of
any
they
had
yet
past
;
for
some
of
the
Army
had
robb'd
and
kill'd
such
as
they
suspected
to
have
any
Money
,
ransack'd
the
Baggage
and
seiz'd
on
the
Money
which
was
to
pay
the
Army
,
in
the
end
they
laid
hands
on
Antony's
own
equipage
,
broke
all
his
inlaid
Tables
,
and
Cups
of
precious
Stones
,
dividing
the
fragments
amongst
them
.
Antony
hearing
so
great
a
confusion
could
not
imagine
any
thing
less
than
that
the
Enemy
,
falling
upon
his
Troops
,
had
utterly
routed
them
,
upon
which
he
sent
for
one
of
his
〈…〉
ards
called
Rhamnus
,
to
whom
he
had
formerly
given
his
liberty
,
and
made
him
swear
,
that
whensoever
he
should
give
him
orders
,
he
should
run
his
Sword
through
his
body
,
and
cut
off
his
head
,
that
he
might
not
fall
alive
into
the
hands
of
the
Parthians
;
nor
dead
be
known
to
be
their
General
.
While
he
was
in
this
consternation
and
all
his
friends
about
him
in
tears
,
the
Mardian
came
into
the
Tent
and
gave
them
all
new
Life
,
he
did
convince
them
,
that
by
the
coolness
of
the
Air
,
and
the
fresh
gales
that
blew
so
temperately
,
the
River
which
he
spoke
of
could
not
be
far
off
,
and
consequently
the
difficulties
of
their
retreat
,
and
the
danger
of
the
Enemies
pursuit
,
were
now
at
an
end
,
the
which
he
was
the
more
assured
of
,
because
they
had
marched
a
great
while
and
the
night
almost
spent
;
he
was
inform'd
at
the
same
time
that
the
great
confusion
,
which
was
in
the
Camp
,
did
proceed
from
the
avarice
of
some
few
Soldiers
that
were
pillaging
one
another
.
In
order
to
compose
this
unruly
tumult
,
he
made
a
halt
,
and
commanded
the
Signal
to
be
given
for
incamping
,
the
day
began
to
break
before
the
tumult
was
well
appeas'd
,
and
the
Parthians
bore
hard
upon
the
Rear
with
their
Arrows
;
the
light
arm'd
Troops
were
order'd
to
make
head
against
them
,
and
being
seconded
by
the
Legions
,
who
covered
one
another
with
their
Shields
;
they
bravely
receiv'd
the
onset
of
the
Enemy
,
who
did
not
think
convenient
to
advance
any
further
;
the
Army
marching
very
leisurely
,
they
at
last
came
in
sight
of
the
River
,
where
Antony
upon
the
Banks
drew
up
the
Horse
in
a
posture
to
receive
and
oppose
the
Enemy
,
and
to
favour
the
passage
of
his
Army
o'er
the
River
,
he
first
past
over
the
sick
and
wounded
,
and
then
all
the
rest
;
those
that
were
left
drawn
up
on
th'
other
side
had
leisure
to
drink
at
their
ease
,
for
the
Parthians
,
being
now
come
to
the
River
which
was
to
be
the
bounds
of
their
pursuit
,
unbent
their
bows
,
and
told
the
Romans
they
might
pass
over
freely
,
and
made
them
great
complements
in
praise
of
their
valour
and
conduct
.
At
length
the
Horse
pass
over
too
,
without
being
in
the
least
molested
by
the
enemy
,
and
when
they
were
on
the
other
side
the
river
,
they
drank
their
fill
,
as
the
others
had
done
before
,
and
joyn'd
the
rest
of
the
Army
,
not
giving
any
credit
to
the
fair
words
of
their
deceitful
enemies
.
It
was
six
days
after
the
last
skirmish
that
they
arrived
at
the
River
Araxes
,
which
divides
Media
and
Armenia
,
and
seemed
,
both
by
its
deepness
and
the
violence
of
the
current
,
to
be
very
dangerous
in
passing
,
and
a
report
had
crept
in
amongst
them
,
that
the
Enemy
was
in
ambush
ready
to
set
upon
them
as
soon
as
they
should
be
amus'd
in
their
passage
.
But
when
they
were
got
over
on
the
other
side
,
and
found
themselves
in
Armenia
,
just
as
if
they
were
come
into
harbour
after
a
tempest
,
they
worship'd
the
Land
,
and
shedding
tears
for
joy
,
every
one
embraced
his
friend
;
but
taking
their
journey
through
a
Land
that
abounded
in
all
sorts
of
plenty
,
and
having
suffer'd
great
want
,
they
eat
with
that
excess
of
every
thing
they
met
,
that
they
fell
into
Dropsies
,
and
Dysenteries
.
Here
Antony
making
a
review
of
his
Army
,
found
that
he
had
lost
twenty
thousand
Foot
,
and
four
thousand
Horse
,
of
which
the
better
half
perished
,
not
by
the
Enemy
but
by
Diseases
;
their
march
was
of
twenty
seven
days
from
Phraata
,
in
which
the
Parthians
were
worsted
in
eighteen
Battels
,
by
which
it
is
manifest
that
Artuasdes
was
the
cause
why
Antony
could
not
bring
this
War
to
a
happy
end
,
for
had
the
sixteen
thousand
Median
Horse
,
skilful
in
the
Discipline
of
the
Parthians
,
and
accustomed
to
their
manner
of
fight
,
been
present
,
the
Romans
having
put
them
once
to
flight
,
and
the
pursuit
left
to
the
Medians
,
it
is
impossible
they
could
have
rallied
after
their
defeat
,
and
appear
again
as
they
did
in
a
posture
to
receive
the
Enemy
;
for
which
reason
the
whole
Army
was
very
earnest
with
Antony
to
march
into
Armenia
,
but
he
taking
advice
of
his
necessities
,
did
not
upbraid
him
with
his
dissertion
,
nor
in
the
least
abate
of
the
usual
civility
,
with
which
he
was
wont
to
treat
him
;
for
he
found
the
Army
wearied
out
,
and
in
want
of
all
manner
of
necessaries
,
but
upon
another
occasion
coming
into
Armenia
with
invitations
and
fair
promises
,
he
prevail'd
with
Artuasdes
to
meet
him
,
where
he
seized
him
,
bound
him
and
carried
him
to
Alexandria
,
there
to
be
led
in
triumph
;
by
which
he
very
much
offended
the
Romans
,
in
that
he
carried
into
Egypt
the
triumphal
Ornaments
due
unto
his
Country
,
only
to
ingratiate
himself
with
Cleopatra
:
But
these
matters
happen'd
afterwards
.
For
the
present
marching
his
Army
in
great
haste
in
the
depth
of
Winter
through
continual
storms
of
Snow
,
he
lost
eight
thousand
of
his
Men
,
and
came
very
ill
accompany'd
to
a
place
called
Leucocome
,
situated
betwixt
Sydon
and
Beryte
nigh
the
Sea
side
,
where
he
sate
down
in
expectation
of
Cleopatra
,
and
being
impatient
of
the
delay
she
made
,
he
bethought
himself
of
short'ning
the
time
in
drink
and
debauchery
,
and
not
being
able
to
endure
the
tediousness
of
a
Meal
,
he
would
start
from
Table
and
run
to
see
if
she
were
coming
,
and
this
lasted
till
she
came
into
Port.
She
brought
with
her
Cloaths
and
Money
for
the
Soldiers
.
Some
say
that
Antony
having
received
the
Cloaths
of
her
,
distributed
his
own
Money
in
her
name
.
About
this
time
a
difference
happen'd
'twixt
the
King
of
Media
and
Phraortes
King
of
Parthia
about
division
of
the
booty
that
was
taken
from
the
Romans
,
which
caused
great
apprehension
in
the
Median
least
he
should
lose
his
Kingdom
,
he
sent
therefore
Ambassadors
to
Antony
with
offers
of
entring
into
a
confederat
War
against
Phraortes
,
which
gave
Antony
great
hopes
of
obtaining
his
desire
,
seeing
that
by
this
means
he
should
have
such
horse
as
was
necessary
to
reduce
the
Parthians
,
and
upon
this
consideration
he
return'd
into
Armenia
,
and
joyning
the
King
of
Media
nigh
Araxes
they
began
the
War
.
Octavia
having
a
desire
to
see
Antony
easily
obtained
leave
of
Caesar
,
not
so
much
to
gratifie
her
humour
,
as
to
find
a
good
pretence
to
begin
the
War
upon
her
ill
reception
:
She
no
sooner
arrived
at
Athens
,
but
in
Letters
from
Antony
she
understood
his
new
expedition
,
and
his
will
that
she
should
attend
him
there
,
though
she
were
much
displeas'd
,
not
being
ignorant
of
the
ground
of
this
usage
,
yet
she
writ
to
him
to
know
to
what
place
he
would
be
pleas'd
she
should
send
the
things
she
had
brought
with
her
for
his
use
,
for
she
brought
cloaths
for
his
Soldiers
,
many
horses
,
money
and
presents
for
his
Friends
and
Officers
,
and
two
thousand
chosen
Soldiers
well
arm'd
to
recruit
the
Praetorian
Cohorts
.
This
Message
brought
Niger
from
Octavia
to
Antony
;
in
the
relation
speaking
much
of
her
praise
,
insisting
much
upon
her
merit
.
Cleopatra
being
inform'd
that
Octavia
was
coming
,
and
fearing
least
that
her
easiness
of
behaviour
and
observance
of
Antony's
humour
joyn'd
with
her
discretion
,
and
powerful
alliance
,
should
render
her
charms
irresistible
,
she
betook
her self
to
die
for
love
of
Antony
,
bringing
her
body
down
with
a
slender
opening
Diet
;
when
he
entred
the
room
she
fix'd
her
eyes
upon
him
in
a
rapture
,
and
when
he
took
his
leave
,
she
never
fail'd
to
swound
;
when
she
design'd
to
cry
,
she
would
turn
about
and
wipe
her
eyes
as
being
unwilling
to
let
him
know
the
greatness
of
her
concern
,
all
this
was
acting
while
he
prepar'd
for
Media
,
and
Cleopatra's
Creatures
that
were
to
help
forward
the
design
,
upbraided
Antony
with
his
insensibility
,
who
could
basely
see
a
Lady
perish
,
whose
soul
depended
upon
him
,
and
him
alone
;
they
added
,
that
it
was
true
Octavia
was
his
Wife
,
and
did
enjoy
that
honourable
Title
,
because
it
was
found
convenient
for
the
Affairs
of
her
Brother
that
it
should
be
so
,
but
Cleopatra
the
soveraign
Queen
of
many
Nations
,
must
be
contented
with
the
name
of
his
Mistress
,
nor
did
she
shun
or
despise
the
character
,
whilst
she
might
see
him
,
whilst
she
might
live
with
him
and
enjoy
him
,
if
she
were
bereav'd
of
this
,
she
would
not
survive
the
loss
.
Antony
was
so
well
perswaded
that
Cleopatra
must
die
if
he
forsook
her
,
that
he
put
off
all
thoughts
of
the
War
,
and
return'd
to
Alexandria
,
deferring
his
Median
expedition
till
next
Summer
,
though
he
were
inform'd
of
great
seditions
among
the
Parthians
.
Some
while
after
he
went
into
that
Country
,
and
made
an
alliance
with
the
King
of
Media
by
Marriage
of
a
Son
of
his
by
Cleopatra
to
the
King's
Daughter
,
who
was
yet
very
young
;
and
so
return'd
with
his
thoughts
taken
up
about
the
Civil
War
.
When
Octavia
return'd
from
Athens
,
Caesar
who
thought
she
had
been
treated
very
injuriously
,
commanded
her
unto
his
own
house
,
but
she
refused
to
leave
the
house
of
her
Husband
,
and
intreated
him
,
that
unless
he
had
other
motives
to
make
War
with
Antony
,
that
he
would
desist
,
thinking
it
very
scandalous
to
be
reported
of
the
two
greatest
Commanders
in
the
World
,
that
they
had
involved
the
Roman
People
in
a
Civil
War
,
the
one
to
justifie
his
Mistress
,
the
other
the
resentment
of
his
Sister's
usage
.
Her
behaviour
did
confirm
her
words
to
be
her
resolution
,
for
she
retired
to
his
house
and
took
that
worthy
care
,
not
only
of
his
Children
by
her
,
but
of
those
by
Fulvia
also
,
as
if
he
had
been
present
.
She
received
very
kindly
all
the
friends
of
Antony
that
had
any
pretension
to
preferment
;
or
came
to
Rome
upon
any
business
,
and
was
ready
to
prefer
their
Petitions
to
Caesar
;
but
this
honourable
deportment
of
hers
was
injurious
to
the
reputation
of
Antony
,
who
could
be
capable
of
treating
ill
,
a
Woman
of
that
merit
;
nor
was
the
dividend
he
made
unto
his
Sons
at
Alexandria
look'd
upon
but
as
insolent
,
and
derogating
from
the
honour
of
the
Romans
;
for
assembling
the
People
in
the
publick
place
,
and
causing
two
Golden
Thrones
to
be
placed
in
a
State
of
Silver
,
the
one
for
him
,
and
another
for
Cleopatra
,
and
at
their
feet
lower
Seats
for
his
Children
,
he
proclaimed
Cleopatra
Queen
of
Aegypt
;
Cyprus
,
Africa
and
Caelosyria
,
and
with
her
to
be
joyn'd
Caesario
the
supposed
Son
of
Caesar
the
Dictator
,
who
left
Cleopatra
with
Child
;
as
for
his
Sons
by
him
and
Cleopatra
,
they
were
to
be
treated
in
the
stile
of
King
of
Kings
:
To
Alexander
he
gave
Armenia
and
Media
with
Parthia
,
so
soon
as
it
should
be
overcome
,
to
Ptolomy
,
Phaenicia
,
Syria
,
Cilicia
.
Alexander
was
brought
out
before
the
People
in
the
Median
habit
,
in
a
Gown
and
narrow
Hat
,
and
Ptolomy
in
Slippers
and
a
Mantle
,
with
a
Cap
done
about
with
the
Diadem
;
for
this
was
the
habit
of
the
successors
of
Alexander
;
this
the
Median
and
Armenian
dress
:
and
as
soon
as
they
had
saluted
their
parents
,
the
one
was
received
by
a
Guard
of
Macedonians
,
the
other
by
one
of
Armenians
.
Cleopatra
was
then
,
as
at
other
times
,
when
she
appear'd
in
publick
,
drest
in
the
habit
of
the
Goddess
Isis
,
and
did
give
audience
unto
the
People
under
the
name
of
the
new
Isis
.
Caesar
relating
these
things
in
the
Senate
,
and
often
accusing
him
to
the
People
,
had
created
in
them
an
ill
will
towards
him
:
Nor
was
Antony
backward
in
his
part
to
recriminate
.
The
principal
of
his
Articles
were
these
;
First
,
that
he
had
not
made
any
division
with
him
of
Sicily
,
which
was
lately
taken
from
Pompey
.
Secondly
,
that
he
had
not
made
restitution
of
the
Ships
he
had
lent
him
.
Thirdly
,
that
the
power
of
Lepidus
,
his
Collegue
being
abrogated
he
had
retained
his
Army
,
his
Governments
,
and
the
Revenues
to
him
appropriated
:
And
Lastly
,
that
he
had
parcell'd
out
almost
all
Italy
amongst
his
own
Soldiers
,
and
devised
nothing
to
his
.
Caesar's
answer
was
as
follows
:
That
since
Lepidus
was
not
fit
to
Rule
he
had
dismist
him
,
the
Government
,
that
what
he
had
got
in
War
he
would
divide
with
Antony
,
so
soon
as
he
would
give
him
his
share
of
Armenia
:
That
his
Soldiers
had
not
their
share
in
Italy
,
because
they
were
in
possession
of
Media
and
Parthia
,
which
having
fought
bravely
under
their
Emperour
they
had
joyned
to
the
Roman
Empire
.
Antony
was
in
Armenia
when
this
news
came
to
him
,
he
presently
therefore
sent
Canidius
,
with
sixteen
Legions
towards
the
Sea
,
but
he
in
the
company
of
Cleopatra
went
for
Ephesus
,
where
the
Rendezvous
of
the
Fleet
was
order'd
,
which
consisted
,
reckoning
in
the
tenders
,
of
eight
hundred
Vessels
,
of
which
Cleopatra
furnish'd
two
hundred
,
and
*
twenty
thousand
Talents
,
with
Provision
Nigh
one
million
of
our
Mony
.
for
the
whole
Army
during
the
War
.
Antony
was
advised
by
Domitius
and
some
others
to
send
Cleopatra
into
Egypt
,
there
to
expect
the
event
of
the
War
;
but
she
dreading
a
Peace
might
be
contriv'd
by
the
mediation
of
Octavia
,
had
prevail'd
with
Canidius
by
a
considerable
summ
of
Money
to
plead
her
Cause
with
Antony
,
and
to
let
him
know
that
it
was
not
just
,
that
one
that
bore
so
great
a
part
in
the
charge
of
the
Wars
,
should
be
robb'd
of
her
share
of
Glory
in
the
carrying
it
on
;
nor
wou'd
it
be
politick
to
disoblige
the
Egyptians
,
who
were
so
considerable
a
part
of
his
Naval
Forces
:
Nor
did
he
see
how
she
was
inferior
to
any
of
his
Companions
in
Prudence
,
considering
how
well
she
had
govern'd
a
great
Kingdom
by
her self
alone
,
and
by
the
constant
management
of
affairs
,
had
arrived
to
a
great
Capacity
.
These
arguments
gain'd
upon
his
Spirit
,
for
it
was
destin'd
by
Fate
,
that
Caesar
should
have
all
:
So
that
joyning
their
Forces
,
they
made
Sail
for
Samos
,
where
they
made
very
good
Chear
;
for
as
it
was
order'd
that
all
Kings
,
Princes
,
and
Governours
,
all
Common-wealths
,
and
Cities
within
the
Circuit
and
Dependances
of
Syria
,
the
Maeotide
Lake
,
Armenia
,
and
Illyria
,
do
bring
,
or
cause
to
be
brought
all
Preparations
and
Munition
necessary
for
War
;
so
was
it
also
proclaim'd
,
that
all
such
as
made
any
profession
of
divertisement
,
should
make
their
appearance
at
Samos
;
so
that
(
while
the
whole
World
was
in
Tears
and
Lamentation
)
this
Island
alone
for
some
days
was
fill'd
with
all
sorts
of
Harmony
,
and
the
Theatre
crowded
with
Dancers
and
Comedians
,
each
City
sent
Oxen
for
Sacrifice
,
and
the
Kings
that
accompanied
Antony
,
were
in
a
perpetual
dispute
,
who
should
make
the
most
magnificent
Feasts
,
and
the
greatest
Presents
;
every
particular
man
astonish'd
at
what
he
saw
,
saying
,
What
will
they
do
to
be
glad
enough
when
they
have
got
the
Victory
,
since
they
are
at
such
an
expence
of
Merriment
at
the
opening
of
the
War
?
This
over
,
he
gave
Priene
to
his
Players
for
a
Habitation
,
and
set
Sail
for
Athens
;
where
a-fresh
,
Sports
and
Theatres
were
his
Joy
.
Cleopatra
being
jealous
of
the
Honour
Octavia
had
receiv'd
at
Athens
(
for
Octavia
was
much
beloved
by
the
Athenians
)
she
insinuated
her self
into
the
favour
of
the
People
with
all
the
Civilities
imaginable
:
The
Athenians
,
in
requital
,
having
decreed
her
Publick
Honours
,
deputed
several
of
the
Citizens
to
wait
upon
her
at
her
House
;
amongst
the
which
,
Antony
was
one
,
as
being
free
of
the
City
;
and
he
it
was
that
made
the
Speech
:
He
sent
order
to
Rome
to
have
Octavia
removed
out
of
his
House
,
accompanied
by
all
Antony's
Children
,
except
the
Eldest
by
Fulvia
,
who
was
then
with
his
Father
;
weeping
and
grieving
that
she
must
be
look'd
upon
as
one
of
the
Causes
of
the
Civil
War
,
she
was
pitied
by
the
Romans
,
but
more
was
Antony
pitied
by
them
that
had
seen
Cleopatra
,
who
was
not
preferable
to
Octavia
,
neither
for
Youth
nor
Beauty
.
Caesar
having
an
account
what
great
Preparations
Antony
had
made
,
was
afraid
lest
the
War
should
be
begun
that
Summer
;
for
he
wanted
many
Necessaries
,
and
the
People
grudged
very
much
to
pay
the
Subsidies
,
for
they
that
were
obliged
to
pay
the
Fourth
of
what
their
yearly
Revenue
was
;
and
the
Libertines
,
who
paid
an
Eighth
,
did
do
it
with
such
reluctancy
,
that
great
Troubles
had
like
to
have
ensued
throughout
all
Italy
;
and
this
is
looked
upon
as
one
of
the
greatest
of
Antony's
Oversights
,
that
he
did
not
then
press
the
War
;
for
he
gave
Caesar
leisure
to
provide
himself
,
and
satisfie
the
People
;
for
while
that
Money
is
squeezing
out
of
the
People
,
they
are
very
mutinous
,
but
when
they
have
parted
with
it
,
they
are
well
enough
satisfied
to
be
quiet
.
Titus
and
Plancus
,
Men
of
Consular
Dignity
,
and
Friends
to
Antony
,
having
been
ill
us'd
by
Cleopatra
,
whom
they
opposed
in
her
Design
of
being
present
in
the
War
;
came
over
to
Caesar
,
and
being
acquainted
with
the
Contents
of
Antony's
Testament
,
did
inform
him
,
it
was
deposited
in
the
hands
of
the
Vestal-Virgins
,
who
did
deny
to
deliver
it
up
,
but
sent
him
word
,
if
he
pleased
,
he
might
come
and
seize
it
himself
;
which
he
did
;
and
reading
it
over
to
himself
,
he
noted
those
Places
that
were
most
for
his
purpose
,
and
having
summoned
the
Senate
,
did
read
them
publickly
:
Many
were
scandalized
at
the
Proceeding
,
thinking
it
very
hard
that
they
should
think
of
punishing
a
man
for
what
was
not
to
be
,
till
after
his
Death
.
He
did
more
urgently
press
what
Antony
had
left
in
his
Will
concerning
his
Burial
;
for
he
had
order'd
,
that
though
he
died
in
the
City
of
Rome
,
his
Body
should
be
solemnly
carried
through
the
Market-Place
,
and
sent
to
Cleopatra
at
Alexandria
.
Calvisius
a
Dependant
of
Caesar's
urg'd
other
Crimes
against
Antony
,
committed
in
the
favour
of
Cleopatra
,
that
he
had
given
her
the
Library
of
Perg
〈…〉
um
,
wherein
were
two
thousand
distinct
Volumes
:
That
at
a
solemn
Feast
,
he
had
risen
from
the
Table
,
and
treading
upon
her
Foot
,
had
given
her
a
manifest
Assignation
;
that
he
had
suffered
the
Ephesians
to
salute
her
by
the
name
of
their
Queen
:
That
he
had
frequently
at
the
publick
Audience
of
Kings
,
and
Princes
receiv'd
amorous
Messages
written
in
Tablets
made
of
Onyx
and
Chrystal
,
and
read
them
openly
,
that
when
Turnius
,
a
man
of
great
Authority
and
Eloquence
among
the
Romans
,
was
pleading
,
Cleopatra
happening
to
pass
by
in
her
Chair
,
that
Antony
should
leave
them
in
the
middle
of
their
Cause
,
and
wait
upon
her
home
:
But
Calvisius
was
look'd
upon
as
the
Inventer
of
most
of
these
Accusations
.
Antony's
Friends
went
up
and
down
the
City
to
gain
him
Credit
,
and
sent
Geminius
to
him
,
to
let
him
know
his
Affairs
did
require
he
should
be
more
circumspect
;
that
he
was
in
danger
to
have
all
his
Governments
taken
from
him
,
and
be
proclaim'd
publick
Enemy
to
the
City
of
Rome
;
but
Geminius
no
sooner
arriv'd
in
Greece
,
but
he
was
look'd
upon
as
one
of
Octavia's
Spies
;
he
was
scurvily
rallied
,
and
set
at
the
lower
end
of
the
Table
;
but
this
he
bore
very
well
,
seeking
only
an
occasion
of
conferring
with
Antony
;
but
once
at
Supper
,
being
demanded
what
his
Business
was
he
came
about
?
He
answered
,
that
his
Business
might
very
well
deserve
a
serious
Conference
;
but
one
thing
he
had
to
deliver
,
which
might
be
spoke
either
full
or
fasting
;
which
was
,
that
Matters
would
bear
much
a
better
Face
,
if
Cleopatra
would
return
into
Egypt
:
Antony
being
very
angry
,
Gleopatra
told
him
,
Geminius
,
you
have
done
very
well
to
tell
us
this
important
Secret
without
a
Rack
:
Geminius
took
an
occasion
to
make
his
escape
,
and
got
to
Rome
:
Many
more
of
Antony's
Friends
were
driven
from
him
,
by
the
insolent
usage
they
could
not
bear
from
Cleopatra's
Flatterers
;
amongst
the
which
were
Marcus
,
Syllanus
,
and
Dellius
the
Historian
.
The
last
declared
,
he
was
asraid
of
his
Life
,
and
that
Glaucus
the
Physician
had
inform'd
him
of
Cleopatra's
Design
against
him
.
She
was
angry
with
him
,
for
having
said
that
Antony's
Friends
were
serv'd
with
sour
Wine
;
and
that
at
Rome
,
Sarmentus
,
Caesar's
Minion's
little
Serving-Boy
,
drank
Falernum
.
Caesar
was
no
sooner
in
readiness
,
but
he
declared
War
against
Cleopatra
,
and
Antony's
Government
was
taken
from
him
for
being
ruled
by
a
Woman
;
Caesar
added
,
that
he
had
drank
Potions
that
had
bereav'd
him
of
his
Senses
;
that
the
War●
would
be
manag'd
against
them
by
Mardion
the
Eunuch
,
Photinus
,
and
Iras
,
Cleopatra's
waiting
Woman
,
and
Charmion
,
who
were
become
Antony's
chief
Counsellors
.
These
Prodigies
were
said
to
forebode
the
War
.
Pisaurum
,
where
Antony
had
settled
a
Colony
near
the
Adriatick
Sea
,
was
swallowed
up
in
an
Earthquake
;
a
Marble
Statue
of
Antony
,
that
was
at
Alba
,
did
sweat
for
many
days
together
;
and
though
it
were
often
wip'd
,
it
continued
to
sweat
:
When
he
himself
was
in
the
City
of
Patras
the
Temple
of
Hercules
was
burnt
by
lightning
:
At
Athens
Bacchus
was
by
a
great
Wind
blown
out
of
the
Battel
of
the
Giants
and
the
Gods
,
and
laid
flat
upon
the
Theatre
;
for
Antony
did
derive
himself
from
Hercules
as
we
said
before
:
And
in
imitating
Bacchus
in
his
way
of
living
,
was
called
young
Bacchus
;
the
same
Whirlwind
at
Athens
did
bring
down
from
amongst
many
others
,
the
great
Statues
of
Eumenes
and
Attalus
,
which
were
called
the
Antonine
Statues
.
And
in
Cleopatra's
Admiral
,
which
was
called
Antonias
,
a
dismal
prodigy
did
happen
,
some
Swallows
had
built
in
the
Stern
of
the
Admiral
;
but
other
Swallows
came
,
beat
the
first
away
,
and
destroy'd
their
Nests
.
Preparations
being
made
on
both
sides
,
Antony
had
no
less
than
five
hundred
Gallies
well
appointed
,
most
of
them
had
eight
and
ten
Banks
of
Oars
,
so
very
rich
,
that
they
seem'd
designed
for
Triumph
.
He
had
a
hundred
thousand
foot
,
and
twelve
thousand
Horse
;
he
had
of
Vassal
Kings
attending
,
Bacchus
of
Lybia
,
Tarcondemus
of
the
Upper
Cilicia
,
Archelaus
of
Cappadocia
,
Philadelphus
of
Paphlagonia
,
Mithridates
of
Commagena
,
and
Adallas
King
of
Thracia
;
all
these
attended
him
in
the
War
:
Out
of
Pontus
Polemon
sent
him
considerable
Forces
,
as
did
also
Manchus
from
Arabia
,
Herod
out
of
Jury
,
and
Amyntas
King
of
Lycaonia
and
Galatia
,
and
the
Median
King
sent
their
Troops
to
joyn
him
.
Caesar
had
two
hundred
and
fifty
stout
Gallies
,
fourscore
thousand
Foot
,
and
the
number
of
Horse
equal
to
the
Enemy
.
Antony
had
under
his
Command
,
all
that
tract
of
Land
,
that
lies
betwixt
Euphrates
,
and
the
Ionian
Sea
,
and
great
part
of
Illyria
.
Caesar's
Government
extended
from
Illyria
to
the
Westward
Ocean
,
and
from
the
Ocean
all
along
the
Tuscan
and
Sicilian
Sea
;
as
for
the
division
of
Africk
,
Caesar
had
all
the
Coast
that
was
opposite
to
Italy
,
Gaul
,
and
Spain
,
and
Antony
the
Provinces
from
Cyrene
,
reaching
up
into
Aethiopia
:
He
was
so
besotted
with
the
Love
of
Cleopatra
,
that
although
he
was
much
Superior
to
the
Enemy
in
Land
Forces
,
yet
out
of
complaisance
to
his
Mistress
,
he
rather
chose
to
engage
him
by
Sea
,
and
that
when
he
could
not
but
see
how
ill
his
Navy
was
supply'd
;
his
Captains
for
want
of
Mariners
pressing
every
one
they
met
,
Carriers
,
Ostlers
,
Laborers
,
and
Boys
;
and
for
all
this
,
the
Vessels
had
not
their
complement
,
but
remained
in
a
very
ill
plight
for
Sailing
.
Caesar
on
the
other
side
had
his
Navy
contriv'd
,
not
for
shew
but
for
service
,
no
pompous
Galleries
but
built
light
,
and
well
mann'd
with
experienc'd
Sailers
from
Tarentum
and
Brundusium
;
from
thence
he
sent
to
Antony
,
not
to
draw
out
the
time
in
delays
,
but
that
he
would
bring
up
his
Forces
,
that
he
would
give
him
secure
Ports
for
his
Fleet
,
and
that
for
his
Land
Forces
,
he
would
give
him
as
much
ground
to
encamp
in
,
as
a
horse
could
run
over
from
the
Sea-side
up
the
Continent
.
Antony
on
the
other
side
bravely
challeng'd
him
to
a
single
Combat
,
though
he
were
much
the
older
,
and
that
being
refused
propos'd
to
meet
him
in
the
Pharsalian
Fields
,
where
Julius
Caesar
and
Pompey
had
fought
before
.
Whilst
Antony
was
at
Anchor
before
Actium
,
where
now
stands
Nicopolis
,
Caesar
crost
the
Ionian
Sea
,
and
gain'd
Toryne
a
place
in
Epirus
,
upon
which
Antony's
Soldiers
were
ready
to
mutiny
in
consideration
that
their
Land
Forces
were
a
great
way
off
,
but
Cleopatra
turning
it
into
a
jest
;
indeed
,
said
she
,
we
ought
This
jest
will
not
come
into
our
Language
,
Toryne
is
a
Ladle
,
and
the
meaning
is
,
that
they
had
no
more
reason
to
fear
his
preparation
for
War
,
than
his
preparation
for
his
Dinner
.
to
tremble
now
Caesar
is
sate
down
before
Toryne
:
On
the
morrow
at
break
of
day
Caesar
appears
,
his
Fleet
drawn
up
in
a
Line
ready
to
engage
,
which
Antony
perceiving
,
and
not
being
assured
that
his
Gallies
,
so
ill
provided
,
would
be
able
to
stand
the
shock
,
he
armed
all
the
Rowers
,
and
made
a
shew
upon
the
Decks
of
being
in
readiness
to
engage
;
the
Oars
were
mounted
on
each
side
of
the
Vessels
,
and
so
he
Sailed
up
into
the
mouth
of
the
Port
of
Actium
,
as
though
he
were
in
all
points
provided
for
an
engagement
.
And
Caesar
deceiv'd
by
this
stratagem
retir'd
.
He
also
cut
off
the
Water
,
from
the
Enemy
,
by
making
of
Trenches
and
Forts
,
the
water
not
being
plentiful
in
those
parts
,
nor
very
good
:
His
carriage
to
Domitius
was
very
generous
,
and
much
against
the
will
of
Cleopatra
,
for
when
he
had
made
his
escape
in
a
little
Boat
to
Caesar
,
having
then
an
Ague
upon
him
,
altho
Antony
could
not
but
resent
it
highly
,
yet
he
sent
after
him
his
whole
Equipage
,
with
his
Friends
and
Servants
,
and
Domitius
,
as
if
he
would
have
given
a
Testimony
to
the
World
how
asham'd
he
was
of
his
base
desertion
,
dy'd
soon
after
.
Among
the
Kings
,
also
Amyntas
and
Deiotarus
went
over
to
Caesar
,
his
Fleet
was
so
unfortunate
in
every
thing
that
was
undertaken
,
and
so
unready
upon
every
design
,
that
Antony
was
constrain'd
to
lay
his
stress
upon
the
Land
Forces
:
Canidius
,
too
,
who
commanded
the
Legions
,
when
he
saw
how
things
stood
,
chang'd
his
opinion
,
and
now
was
of
advise
that
Cleopatra
should
be
sent
back
,
and
that
retiring
into
Thracia
or
Macedonia
,
the
quarrel
might
be
decided
in
a
Land
fight
,
and
that
Ditomes
the
King
of
the
Getes
was
in
a
readiness
to
attend
him
with
a
great
Army
,
and
that
it
was
not
in
the
least
any
disparagement
to
him
to
quit
the
Sea
to
Caesar
,
who
in
the
Sicilian
Wars
had
gain'd
so
great
experience
in
Sea
affairs
,
but
that
it
would
seem
very
ridiculous
for
Antony
,
the
greatest
Captain
of
the
World
,
to
make
no
use
of
his
well
disciplin'd
and
stout
Troops
,
but
to
scatter
them
,
and
render
them
useless
in
the
defence
of
a
Navy
;
but
for
all
this
,
Cleopatra
prevail'd
that
a
Sea-fight
should
determine
of
all
,
having
then
an
eye
to
flight
,
and
ordering
all
her
affairs
,
not
as
if
she
had
the
least
thought
of
victory
,
but
how
she
might
,
when
all
was
lost
,
make
her
escape
with
greatest
safety
.
There
was
a
long
neck
of
Land
,
which
from
the
Camp
ran
into
the
Sea
,
where
the
Fleet
rid
at
anchor
;
here
Antony
used
to
walk
without
suspecting
any
danger
,
but
Caesar
upon
information
from
a
Servant
that
it
was
not
difficult
to
surprize
him
,
laid
an
ambush
,
which
rising
up
somewhat
too
hastily
,
seized
the
Man
that
came
just
before
him
,
he
himself
escaping
narrowly
by
flight
;
when
it
was
resolved
to
stand
to
a
Fight
at
Sea
,
they
set
fire
of
all
,
but
sixty
of
the
best
Egyptian
Vessels
,
and
these
he
mann'd
with
twenty
thousand
armed
Men
,
and
two
thousand
Archers
:
Here
it
is
reported
of
a
foot
Captain
,
well
experienc'd
in
War
,
and
one
that
had
fought
often
under
Antony
,
and
had
his
Body
all
mangled
with
wounds
,
that
he
should
cry
out
,
O
most
noble
General
,
why
do
you
mistrust
these
Wounds
and
Swords
you
see
,
to
put
your
confidence
in
rotten
Wood
,
let
Egyptians
and
Phoenicians
contend
at
Sea
,
give
us
the
Land
where
we
will
die
upon
the
spot
or
gain
the
victory
:
To
which
he
answer'd
nothing
,
but
by
his
look
,
and
motion
of
his
hand
,
seeming
to
bid
him
be
of
good
courage
,
he
passed
forwards
having
no
opinion
of
the
posture
of
affairs
;
and
when
the
Masters
propos'd
the
leaving
of
Sails
behind
them
,
he
commanded
they
should
be
put
aboard
,
for
we
must
not
,
said
he
,
let
one
Enemy
escape
.
That
day
,
and
the
three
following
,
the
Sea
was
so
rough
they
could
not
engage
,
but
on
the
fifth
there
was
a
calm
,
and
then
they
fought
.
Antony
,
commanding
with
Publicola
the
right
,
and
Celius
the
left
Squadron
.
Marcus
Octavius
and
Marcus
Justius
the
middle
Squadron
.
Octavius
had
given
the
charge
of
the
left
Squadron
to
Agrippa
commanding
in
person
the
right
:
As
for
the
Land
Forces
,
Canidius
was
General
for
Antony
;
Taurus
for
Caesar
,
both
Armies
being
drawn
up
in
great
order
all
along
the
Shoar
.
Antony
in
a
small
Vessel
went
from
one
Ship
to
another
encouraging
his
Soldiers
,
and
advising
them
to
stand
firm
,
and
that
the
largeness
of
the
Ships
would
render
the
fight
,
as
fix'd
as
if
they
were
at
Land
:
To
the
Masters
he
order'd
that
they
should
receive
the
Enemy
lying
still
as
at
Anchor
,
and
maintain
the
entrance
of
the
Port
,
which
was
a
dangerous
Pass
.
They
relate
of
Caesar
,
that
going
out
of
his
Tent
before
day
in
order
to
visit
his
Fleet
,
that
he
met
a
Man
driving
an
Ass
,
and
asking
his
name
,
he
told
him
it
was
Eutychus
(
which
signifies
fortunate
)
and
my
Ass
,
says
he
,
is
called
Nicon
(
which
is
Conquerour
;
)
and
afterwards
when
he
disposed
the
Beaks
of
the
Ships
in
that
place
in
token
of
his
Victory
,
the
Statue
of
this
Man
and
his
Ass
in
Brass
were
placed
amongst
them
,
having
viewed
his
whole
Fleet
,
and
from
the
right
Squadron
discovering
the
Enemies
posture
,
he
much
admired
the
quiet
order
they
were
in
,
for
in
all
appearance
they
seemed
as
if
they
had
been
at
Anchor
;
and
therefore
he
slack'ned
his
course
,
for
they
were
not
above
half
a
League
from
one
another
;
about
noon
a
gentle
Southern
Wind
did
blow
,
and
then
Antony's
Men
being
weary
of
expecting
the
Enemy
so
long
,
and
trusting
to
their
large
tall
Vessels
,
as
if
they
had
been
invincible
,
began
to
advance
the
left
Squadron
.
Caesar
was
overjoyed
to
see
them
move
,
and
order'd
the
right
Squadron
to
retire
,
that
he
might
get
out
to
Sea
as
far
as
he
could
,
his
design
being
to
encompass
him
round
with
his
light
Gallies
that
were
full
mann'd
;
the
Enemy
being
scarce
able
to
move
by
reason
of
their
great
bulk
,
and
in
proportion
to
their
bigness
being
very
ill
furnish'd
with
Seamen
and
Soldiers
.
When
they
engaged
there
was
no
striking
of
one
Ship
against
another
,
because
Antony's
Ships
,
by
reason
of
their
great
burthen
,
were
uncapable
of
being
in
a
quick
motion
,
by
which
the
stroke
is
made
effectual
;
on
the
other
side
,
Caesar's
Ships
durst
not
strike
upon
the
head
of
Antony's
,
which
were
all
arm'd
with
Spikes
of
Iron
,
nor
durst
they
give
upon
the
Sides
,
by
reason
they
were
made
of
strong
square
pieces
of
Timber
fasten'd
together
with
Massy
Pins
of
Iron
.
So
that
this
engagement
resembled
a
Land
Fight
,
or
that
I
may
speak
more
properly
the
attack
of
some
strong
place
,
for
there
were
always
three
or
four
Vessels
about
one
of
Antony's
,
pressing
them
with
Pikes
,
Javelins
,
Darts
,
and
several
inventions
of
Fire
,
which
they
flung
among
them
:
Antony's
Men
pouring
upon
them
with
their
Machines
from
off
their
Wooden
Towers
.
Agrippa
drawing
out
the
Squadron
under
his
command
,
to
hem
in
the
Enemy
,
Publicola
was
oblig'd
to
observe
his
motions
and
desert
the
middle
Squadron
,
which
was
sore
presled
by
Arruntius
,
Fortune
not
having
yet
determined
on
the
day
;
when
on
a
sudden
Cleopatra
with
her
sixty
Sail
was
seen
to
make
out
to
Sea
,
and
to
take
her
way
quite
through
the
Ships
that
were
engaged
,
for
they
were
placed
behind
the
great
Ships
,
which
in
breaking
through
they
put
to
great
disorder
,
the
Enemy
was
astonished
to
see
them
with
a
fair
wind
to
make
for
Peloponnesus
:
Here
it
was
that
Antony
betray'd
himself
;
here
his
behaviour
was
so
below
the
Character
of
a
Captain
,
nay
,
indeed
of
any
thing
that
was
Man
,
and
much
more
below
himself
,
that
he
confirm'd
what
has
formerly
been
observ'd
,
that
a
Lover's
Soul
lives
in
another
body
,
for
as
if
he
had
been
born
part
of
her
,
and
so
to
be
carried
wheresoever
she
went
,
as
soon
as
he
saw
her
Ship
under
Sail
,
he
abandoned
all
that
were
to
spend
their
lives
for
him
,
and
put
himself
aboard
a
Gally
of
five
Ranks
of
Oars
,
taking
with
him
only
Alexander
of
Syria
,
and
Scellius
,
to
follow
her
that
had
so
well
began
his
ruine
,
and
would
be
sure
to
accomplish
it
.
She
perceiving
him
to
follow
,
gave
the
signal
to
come
aboard
;
so
soon
as
he
came
up
with
them
,
he
was
helped
into
the
Ship
,
but
without
seeing
her
,
he
sets
himself
down
very
melancholy
in
the
Stern
,
with
both
his
hands
supporting
his
head
;
in
the
mean
while
,
Caesar's
light
Ships
that
were
in
pursuit
of
Antony
,
came
into
sight
,
but
Antony
commanding
to
tack
about
they
all
gave
back
,
but
one
Eurycles
the
Laconian
a
stout
fellow
,
who
from
off
the
Deck
shaked
his
Lance
in
a
very
threatning
posture
.
Antony
standing
at
the
Stern
,
demanded
of
him
,
who
he
was
that
pursued
him
so
hard
:
I
am
,
says
he
,
Eurycles
the
Son
of
Lachares
arm'd
with
Caesar'
s
Fortune
to
revenge
my
Father's
death
.
This
Lachaesr
had
been
condemned
to
death
by
Antony
for
a
robbery
;
but
he
did
not
venture
to
attack
Antony
,
but
ran
with
his
full
force
upon
the
other
Admiral
,
for
there
were
two
Ships
so
distinguished
,
and
with
the
blow
turn'd
her
round
and
took
her
and
another
Ship
,
wherein
was
all
his
rich
Plate
and
Furniture
:
So
soon
as
Eurycles
was
gone
,
Antony
returned
to
his
posture
and
sate
silent
;
thus
he
behaved
himself
for
three
days
,
either
angry
or
asham'd
,
and
then
arriv'd
at
Tenarus
.
There
the
Ladies
that
were
intrusted
with
their
most
important
Affairs
,
first
brought
them
to
speak
together
,
then
to
eat
,
and
at
last
perswaded
them
to
lie
together
;
several
Ships
,
and
many
of
his
friends
followed
him
,
and
brought
him
the
news
of
his
Fleets
being
quite
destroy'd
,
but
that
the
Land
Forces
did
yet
stand
firm
,
so
that
he
sent
Messengers
to
Canidius
to
march
his
Army
through
Macedonia
into
Asia
,
and
designing
to
go
from
Tenarus
to
Africk
,
he
gave
one
of
the
larger
Ships
laden
with
vast
Summs
of
Money
,
and
Vessels
of
Silver
and
Gold
of
an
inestimable
price
,
to
his
friends
,
desiring
them
to
share
it
amongst
them
,
and
provide
for
their
own
safety
;
they
refusing
his
kindness
with
tears
in
their
eyes
,
he
comforted
them
with
all
the
goodness
and
humanity
imaginable
,
intreating
them
to
retire
,
and
writ
Letters
in
their
behalf
to
Theophilus
his
Steward
at
Corinth
;
that
he
would
provide
for
their
security
,
and
keep
them
conceal'd
till
such
time
,
as
they
could
make
their
Peace
with
Caesar
.
Theophilus
was
the
Father
of
that
Hipparchus
,
who
had
so
great
interest
in
Antony
,
and
was
the
first
of
all
his
Servants
that
went
over
to
Caesar
;
he
settled
afterward
at
Corinth
.
In
this
posture
were
Antony's
affairs
.
This
Fleet
of
Antony's
that
engaged
before
Actium
,
suffer'd
much
by
a
stiff
Gale
that
blew
fresh
in
their
Stern
,
was
scarce
routed
till
four
o'
th'
Clock
in
the
afternoon
,
with
the
loss
of
but
five
thousand
Men
,
and
three
hundred
Ships
,
as
Caesar
himself
writes
in
his
Commentaries
,
those
that
saw
with
their
own
Eyes
the
flight
of
Antony
could
not
make
others
believe
so
incredible
a
thing
,
that
a
General
,
that
had
ten
intire
Legions
,
and
twelve
thousand
Horse
upon
the
Sea-shore
,
could
so
basely
desert
them
,
and
he
above
all
the
world
,
who
had
so
often
seen
Fortune
in
all
her
shapes
,
and
been
so
accustomed
to
changes
:
His
Soldiers
who
did
passionately
desire
his
arrival
,
still
fancying
he
would
appear
from
some
part
or
other
,
gave
great
Testimony
of
their
generous
fidelity
to
his
service
,
who
when
they
were
throughly
perswaded
that
he
was
fled
in
earnest
,
kept
themselves
in
a
body
seven
days
,
making
no
account
of
the
Embassadors
that
Caesar
sent
to
them
,
but
at
last
,
seeing
that
Canidius
himself
,
who
commanded
them
,
was
fled
from
the
Camp
by
Night
,
and
that
the
chief
Officers
had
abandon'd
them
,
They
put
themselves
into
the
hands
of
him
that
was
strongest
.
After
this
Caesar
set
sail
for
Athens
,
where
he
made
a
peace
with
Greece
,
making
a
distribution
of
the
provision
of
Corn
which
Antony
had
made
for
his
Army
,
among
the
Grecian
Cities
which
were
reduced
to
extreme
poverty
;
having
been
robbed
of
their
Money
,
their
Slaves
,
their
Horses
,
and
all
their
Beasts
of
Service
.
My
great
Grandfather
Nicearchus
us'd
to
relate
that
the
Inhabitants
of
the
Cities
of
Greece
having
no
Horses
,
were
compell'd
with
stripes
to
carry
a
certain
measure
of
Corn
upon
their
shoulders
to
the
Sea-side
,
nigh
Anticyra
;
but
this
hardship
did
not
last
,
for
when
they
were
upon
the
second
expedition
,
news
came
of
Antony's
defeat
,
this
saved
Cheronea
,
for
the
persons
concern'd
in
the
General
's
affairs
,
and
all
the
Soldiers
fled
upon
this
news
,
and
left
the
Inhabitants
to
divide
the
Corn
amongst
them
.
When
Antony
came
into
Libya
,
from
the
Town
of
Paretonium
,
he
sent
Cleopatra
into
Egypt
,
and
staid
himself
in
a
very
solitary
condition
,
having
no
Company
but
two
of
his
familiar
friends
,
the
one
Aristocraces
a
Grecian
,
the
other
Lucilius
a
Roman
.
We
have
already
spoken
of
the
last
in
the
life
of
Brutus
,
and
how
that
to
give
him
leisure
to
escape
at
the
Battel
of
Philippi
,
he
suffer'd
himself
to
be
taken
,
pretending
to
be
Brutus
.
Antony
,
g●ve
him
his
Life
,
and
he
remained
firm
to
him
to
his
last
day
.
To
add
to
the
afflictions
of
Antony
,
he
understood
,
that
he
who
commanded
for
him
in
Libya
,
to
whose
care
he
had
committed
all
the
Troops
of
that
Country
,
was
gone
over
to
Caesar
;
there
he
had
a
great
mind
to
kill
himself
,
but
was
hindred
by
his
friends
,
and
coming
to
Alexandria
,
he
found
Cleopatra
busied
in
a
most
prodigious
enterprise
.
There
is
but
a
small
space
of
Land
which
divides
the
Red
Sea
from
the
Mediterranean
,
which
also
separates
Asia
from
Africk
,
and
in
the
narrowest
place
is
not
much
above
thirty
six
miles
over
,
Cleopatra
had
formed
a
project
of
dragging
her
Gallies
over
this
Neck
of
Land
,
and
of
setting
them
on
Float
in
the
Red-Sea
,
with
all
her
riches
aboard
to
seek
some
remote
Country
,
where
she
might
live
in
peace
,
secure
from
War
and
Slavery
:
But
the
first
Gallies
which
were
carried
over
,
being
burnt
by
the
Arabians
of
Petra
,
and
Antony
not
knowing
,
but
that
the
Army
before
Actium
stood
yet
firm
;
she
desisted
from
her
enterprise
,
and
gave
orders
for
the
fortifying
all
the
avenues
of
her
Kingdom
,
but
Antony
leaving
the
City
and
the
conversation
of
his
friends
,
built
him
a
house
nigh
Pharos
upon
a
little
Mount
,
which
he
had
cast
up
in
the
Sea
,
and
there
secluding
himself
from
the
company
of
mankind
,
he
resolved
to
imitate
the
life
of
Timon
,
because
he
had
received
the
same
hard
usage
;
and
that
for
the
ingratitude
and
injuries
,
which
he
suffer'd
from
those
he
had
obliged
and
esteemed
his
friends
,
he
would
hate
and
mistrust
all
Mankind
.
This
Timon
was
a
Citizen
of
Athens
,
and
The
History
of
Timon
.
lived
in
the
time
of
the
Peloponnesian
War
,
as
may
be
seen
by
the
Comedies
of
Aristophanes
and
Plato
,
in
which
he
is
lashed
as
the
hater
and
enemy
of
mankind
.
This
Man
having
a
long
time
avoided
,
and
despised
the
converse
of
every
Body
;
and
meeting
Alcibiades
a
bold
young
Gentleman
,
he
civilly
saluted
him
and
embraced
him
.
Apemantus
was
astonish'd
and
demanding
the
reason
;
Oh
,
says
Timon
,
you
cannot
imagine
what
mischief
this
young
Man
will
one
day
do
the
Athenians
:
He
never
admitted
any
one
into
his
Company
,
but
this
Apemantus
,
who
was
much
of
the
same
humour
,
and
a
zealous
imitator
of
his
way
of
Life
.
At
the
celebration
of
the
Feasts
for
the
Dead
,
these
two
were
eating
together
,
and
Apemantus
,
saying
to
him
,
Oh
Timon
this
is
a
pleasant
Feast
:
It
would
be
so
,
he
answer'd
,
if
thou
wert
away
.
One
day
he
got
up
in
a
full
Assembly
into
the
Pulpit
,
and
a
great
silence
being
made
by
reason
of
so
unusual
a
sight
,
he
began
his
Speech
which
was
thus
:
Ye
Men
of
Athens
,
I
have
a
little
Court-yard
,
and
in
it
grows
a
Fig-Tree
,
on
which
many
of
your
Citizens
have
been
pleas'd
to
hang
themselves
,
and
now
having
resolved
to
build
in
that
place
,
I
could
not
omit
the
making
publick
Declaration
of
my
design
,
least
I
should
prejudice
any
one
by
cutting
down
my
Tree
that
has
a
mind
to
hang
himself
.
He
died
and
was
buried
at
Hales
nigh
the
Sea
,
which
swells
in
that
place
,
and
flowing
round
his
Monument
makes
it
inaccessible
,
the
Monument
had
this
inscription
.
The
wretches
heart
who
here
does
lie
Did
burst
with
grief
and
misery
.
Ask
him
not
his
name
to
tell
,
But
God
confound
ye
all
,
farewel
.
And
this
Epitaph
was
made
by
himself
while
yet
alive
;
that
which
is
usually
reported
to
be
his
was
made
by
Callimachus
.
Here
Timon
lies
who
hated
man
,
begon
,
Curse
,
mortal
,
curse
again
,
but
pray
march
on
.
Thus
much
of
Timon
,
of
whom
much
more
might
be
said
.
Canidius
brought
Antony
word
of
the
loss
of
his
Army
which
was
before
Actium
;
then
he
received
news
that
Herod
of
Judea
was
gone
over
to
Caesar
with
very
considerable
Troops
,
that
several
great
Commanders
had
deserted
him
,
and
that
his
interest
was
quite
ruin'd
every
where
:
All
this
did
not
in
the
least
move
him
,
but
quitting
all
hope
that
he
might
be
rid
of
all
care
,
and
leaving
his
habitation
by
the
Sea
,
which
he
call'd
the
Timonium
,
he
was
received
by
Cleopatra
in
the
Palace
,
and
the
whole
City
was
diverted
by
him
with
feasting
,
drinking
,
and
presents
.
The
Son
of
Caesar
and
Cleopatra
was
registred
among
the
youths
and
Antyllas
his
own
Son
by
Fulvia
received
the
Gown
without
the
purple
border
,
This
Gown
was
given
at
sixteen
.
which
was
given
to
them
that
are
come
of
age
;
so
that
the
Citizens
of
Alexandria
did
nothing
but
feast
and
revel
for
many
days
,
they
broke
up
the
order
of
the
inimitable
Livers
,
and
constituted
another
in
its
place
nothing
inferior
to
the
former
in
splendor
and
luxury
,
and
called
it
the
Diers
together
;
for
all
those
that
would
die
with
Antony
and
Cleopatra
gave
in
their
Names
,
passing
their
time
in
all
manner
of
pleasures
,
and
treating
one
another
by
turns
.
But
Cleopatra
was
busied
in
making
a
collection
of
all
manner
of
poysonous
drugs
,
and
desirous
to
know
which
of
them
were
the
least
painful
in
the
Operation
,
she
sent
them
to
be
tried
upon
such
as
were
condemn'd
to
die
,
but
finding
that
those
poisons
that
had
a
quick
effect
caused
sharp
pains
and
great
convulsions
,
and
that
the
milder
were
so
very
long
a
working
,
she
set
her self
to
the
examination
of
venomous
Creatures
,
applying
one
sort
to
one
Body
,
and
another
to
others
;
and
this
was
her
daily
practice
,
still
finding
that
nothing
was
comparable
to
the
bite
of
the
Asp
,
which
,
without
the
least
convulsion
or
groaning
,
caused
a
great
heaviness
in
the
head
and
desire
of
sleep
with
a
gentle
sweat
all
o'er
the
Face
,
the
senses
being
stupify'd
by
degrees
;
the
patient
in
appearance
,
being
sensible
of
no
pain
,
but
rather
troubled
to
be
disturb'd
or
awaken'd
,
like
those
that
are
in
a
profound
natural
sleep
.
They
both
sent
Ambassadors
to
Caesar
into
Asia
,
Cleopatra
petition'd
for
the
Kingdom
of
Egypt
for
her
Children
;
and
Antony
that
he
might
have
leave
to
live
a
private
Man
in
Egypt
,
and
if
that
were
thought
too
much
,
that
he
might
retire
to
Athens
,
for
want
of
friends
,
so
many
having
deserted
,
and
the
remainder
not
deserving
to
be
trusted
,
Euphronius
his
Son's
Tutor
was
sent
of
this
Embassie
.
For
Alexas
of
Laodicea
,
who
by
the
recommendation
of
Timagenes
came
acquainted
with
Antony
at
Rome
,
and
had
the
greatest
power
over
him
of
any
of
the
Grecians
,
and
was
of
all
the
insinuating
Spirits
,
which
Cleopatra
made
use
of
to
perswade
Antony
,
the
most
successful
,
and
the
only
Man
that
could
oppose
Octavia's
Counsels
,
was
sent
to
Herod
to
keep
that
King
from
desertion
,
but
he
betraying
his
Master
staid
with
him
,
and
confiding
in
Herod's
interest
,
had
the
impudence
to
come
into
Caesar's
presence
,
but
Herod
was
not
able
to
protect
him
,
for
he
was
presently
bound
in
Fetters
and
sent
into
his
own
Country
,
where
by
Caesar's
order
he
was
put
to
death
;
this
reward
of
his
Treason
did
Alexas
receive
while
Antony
was
yet
alive
.
Caesar
denying
Antony's
request
made
answer
to
Cleopatra
,
that
there
was
no
manner
of
favour
which
she
might
not
reasonably
expect
,
if
she
put
Antony
to
death
,
or
banish'd
him
.
He
sent
back
with
the
Ambassadors
his
own
Servant
Thyreus
a
Man
of
no
ordinary
parts
,
and
not
unlikely
to
succeed
,
coming
from
an
Emperour
in
his
youth
to
a
vain
Woman
easily
puft
up
with
her
own
praises
,
and
putting
so
great
trust
in
her
Charms
.
This
Man
making
his
audience
much
longer
than
ordinary
,
and
receiving
great
honours
from
her
,
made
Antony
very
jealous
;
so
that
he
order'd
him
to
be
first
whipp'd
,
and
then
sent
back
to
Caesar
,
writing
him
word
,
he
had
been
provok'd
by
his
proud
insolent
Carriage
,
and
that
a
Man
in
his
Circumstances
was
no
great
Master
of
his
passions
,
but
that
if
he
took
it
ill
,
he
had
his
Servant
Hipparchus
by
him
,
whom
he
might
use
after
the
same
manner
,
that
they
might
be
upon
even
Terms
.
But
Cleopatra
,
that
she
might
make
atonement
for
her
own
indiscretion
,
and
lay
his
jealousie
,
made
all
the
submission
imaginable
:
When
her
Birth-day
came
,
she
kept
it
as
was
suitable
to
their
deplorable
Fortune
;
but
his
was
observ'd
with
great
splendor
and
magnificence
,
so
that
many
of
the
Guests
sate
down
in
great
want
,
and
went
home
wealthy
Men.
After
the
defeat
of
Antony
,
Agrippa
writ
many
Letters
to
Caesar
,
to
let
him
know
,
how
necessary
his
presence
was
at
Rome
;
for
which
reason
the
War
was
deferr'd
for
a
season
,
but
the
Winter
being
over
,
he
began
his
march
;
he
himself
by
the
way
of
Syria
,
and
his
Captains
through
Africk
.
Peleusium
being
taken
,
there
went
a
report
as
if
that
Town
had
been
delivered
to
Caesar
by
Seleucus
not
without
the
consent
of
Cleopatra
,
but
she
to
justifie
her self
gave
up
into
Antony's
hands
,
the
Wife
and
Children
of
Seleucus
.
She
had
caused
to
be
built
joyning
to
the
Temple
of
Isis
,
several
Tombs
and
Monuments
of
a
stupendious
height
,
and
very
considerable
for
the
workmanship
,
thither
she
removed
her
Treasure
,
her
Gold
,
Silver
,
Emeralds
,
Pearls
,
Ebony
,
Ivory
,
Cinnamon
,
and
after
all
,
of
Torches
and
Flax
a
great
quantity
,
upon
which
Caesar
began
to
fear
least
she
should
in
a
desperate
fit
set
all
these
riches
on
fire
,
therefore
while
he
was
marching
towards
the
City
with
his
Arms
he
omitted
no
occasion
of
giving
her
assurance
of
his
respect
.
Caesar
having
incamped
in
the
Court
where
they
used
to
manage
their
Horses
,
Antony
made
a
fierce
Sally
,
routed
the
Horse
,
and
beat
them
back
into
their
Trenches
,
and
so
return'd
with
great
satisfaction
to
the
Palace
where
meeting
Cleopatra
,
arm'd
as
he
was
,
he
kist
her
,
and
recommended
to
her
favour
a
brave
Fellow
that
had
signaliz'd
himself
in
this
engagement
,
to
whom
she
made
a
present
of
a
Coat
of
Armour
,
and
Helmet
made
of
Gold
,
which
he
having
received
,
went
that
very
Night
and
rendred
himself
to
Caesar
.
After
this
Antony
sent
a
Challenge
to
Caesar
to
fight
him
hand
to
hand
,
who
made
him
answer
that
he
might
find
several
other
ways
to
end
his
Life
;
and
he
considering
with
himself
,
that
he
could
not
die
more
honourably
than
in
Battel
,
resolved
to
fight
Caesar
both
by
Land
and
Sea
.
As
't
is
reported
,
he
commanded
his
Servants
to
treat
him
chearfully
,
and
fill
him
his
Wine
plentifully
,
that
to
morrow
they
should
not
do
the
same
;
but
become
Servants
to
a
new
Master
,
when
he
should
lie
extended
on
the
ground
,
a
poor
dead
Corps
,
a
very
Nothing
:
His
Friends
that
were
about
him
,
wept
to
hear
him
talk
on
this
manner
;
which
he
perceiving
,
he
told
them
,
he
should
not
le●d
them
out
to
fight
with
greater
expectation
of
an
honourable
Death
,
than
of
a
glorious
Victory
.
At
the
dead
of
Night
,
when
the
whole
City
was
in
a
deep
silence
and
consternation
it
expecting
the
event
of
the
next
day
,
on
a
sudden
was
heard
the
sound
of
all
manner
of
Instruments
,
and
a
horrible
noise
,
like
to
that
which
is
made
at
the
Feasts
of
Bacchus
;
this
tumultuous
Procession
seem'd
to
have
broke
in
at
one
Gate
of
the
City
,
to
have
quite
travers'd
it
,
and
have
gone
out
at
the
Gate
which
the
Enemy
lay
before
;
and
this
did
signifie
to
them
that
understand
Prodigies
,
that
Bacchus
,
the
God
whom
he
had
always
a
particular
inclination
for
,
and
whom
he
did
study
to
imitate
,
had
now
forsaken
him
:
Assoon
as
it
was
light
,
he
march'd
his
Foot
out
of
the
City
,
and
posted
them
upon
a
rising
ground
,
from
whence
he
saw
his
Fleet
make
up
to
the
Enemy
.
There
he
stood
in
expectation
of
the
Event
;
but
as
soon
as
ever
the
Fleets
came
nigh
to
one
another
,
his
first
saluted
Caesar's
;
which
having
returned
the
Complement
,
they
presently
joyn'd
,
and
with
all
their
force
row'd
up
to
the
City
:
Antony
had
no
sooner
seen
this
,
but
the
Horse
Antony
forsaken
of
all
his
Troops
.
deserted
him
,
and
rendred
themselves
to
Caesar
;
and
his
Foot
being
defeated
,
he
retired
into
the
City
,
roaring
out
,
that
Cleopatra
had
betrayed
him
,
when
he
had
fought
only
for
her
sake
.
She
being
afraid
lest
in
his
fury
and
despair
he
might
do
her
a
mischief
,
fled
to
her
Monument
,
and
making
it
as
fast
as
she
could
with
Bars
and
Bolts
;
she
sent
to
make
Antony
believe
she
was
dead
,
He
believing
it
,
cries
out
,
Now
Antony
,
what
hast
thou
to
do
in
this
World
?
Fate
now
has
snatch'd
away
the
only
cause
for
which
thou
could'st
endure
to
live
.
Going
into
his
Chamber
,
and
opening
his
Coat
of
Armour
,
I
am
not
(
says
he
)
troubled
,
Cleopatra
,
to
be
at
present
bereaved
of
you
;
for
I
shall
soon
be
with
you
;
but
this
does
much
afflict
me
,
that
so
famous
a
General
should
be
inferiour
in
greatness
of
Mind
to
a
Woman
.
He
had
a
faithful
Servant
,
whose
Name
was
Eros
;
he
had
engaged
him
formerly
to
kill
him
when
he
should
think
it
necessary
;
and
now
he
put
him
to
his
Promise
,
Eros
drew
his
Sword
,
as
designing
to
kill
him
;
but
when
his
back
was
turn'd
,
he
slew
himself
,
and
falling
dead
at
his
Feet
;
Well
hast
thou
done
,
my
Eros
,
who
since
thou
hadst
not
the
heart
to
dispatch
thy
Master
,
hast
taught
him
what
he
ought
to
do
;
and
so
he
ran
himself
into
the
Belly
,
and
laid
himself
Antony
kills
himself
.
upon
the
Couch
.
He
died
not
presently
of
the
Wound
,
and
by
reposing
himself
,
the
Blood
being
a
little
stopp'd
he
came
to
himself
,
and
intreated
those
that
were
about
him
,
to
put
him
out
of
his
pain
;
but
they
all
fled
out
of
the
Chamber
,
and
left
him
bewailing
and
tormenting
himself
,
whilst
Diomedes
,
Secretary
to
Cleopatra
,
came
to
him
,
having
been
commanded
to
bring
him
to
her
in
the
Monument
;
when
he
understood
she
liv'd
,
with
a
great
deal
of
Vigour
he
gave
order
to
his
Servants
to
take
him
up
,
and
in
their
Arms
was
carried
to
the
door
of
the
Monument
:
Cleopatra
would
not
open
the
door
,
but
looking
from
a
Window
,
she
let
down
Cords
,
to
which
Antony
was
fastned
,
and
she
and
her
two
Women
,
which
were
all
that
was
susfered
to
enter
the
Monument
,
drew
him
up
.
'T
is
reported
that
nothing
was
more
sad
than
this
Spectacle
,
to
see
Antony
cover'd
all
over
with
Blood
,
just
expiring
,
still
holding
up
his
hands
to
her
,
and
lifting
up
his
body
with
that
little
force
was
left
;
nor
was
the
Women's
an
easier
task
,
Cleopatra
taking
great
pains
,
and
straining
hard
with
her
head
to
the
ground
,
tugging
at
the
Rope
,
they
that
stood
below
encouraging
her
,
and
pitying
her
Condition
:
When
she
had
got
him
up
,
she
laid
him
on
the
Bed
,
tearing
all
her
Cloaths
,
which
she
spread
upon
him
,
beating
her
Breasts
with
her
hands
,
and
wiping
the
Blood
from
off
his
Face
,
she
call'd
him
her
Lord
,
her
Husband
,
her
Emperour
,
and
seemed
to
have
forgot
her
own
miserable
condition
,
she
was
so
intent
upon
his
Misfortunes
.
Antony
comforted
her
as
well
as
he
could
,
and
called
for
Wine
to
drink
,
either
that
he
was
thirsty
,
or
that
he
imagined
that
it
might
put
him
the
sooner
out
of
pain
;
when
he
had
drank
,
he
advised
her
to
take
her
own
Affairs
into
consideration
,
and
as
far
as
it
would
consist
with
her
Reputation
,
to
compose
them
;
and
that
among
all
the
Friends
of
Caesar
,
she
should
apply
her self
to
Proculeius
;
that
she
should
not
pity
him
in
this
late
turn
of
Fate
;
but
rather
rejoyce
in
remembrance
of
his
past
happiness
,
who
had
been
of
all
men
that
ever
liv'd
,
the
most
illustrious
and
powerful
,
and
in
the
end
had
bravely
fought
like
a
Roman
,
and
been
by
a
Roman
overcome
:
Just
as
he
breath'd
his
last
,
Proculeius
arrived
from
Caesar
;
For
when
Antony
gave
himself
his
Death's
Wound
,
and
was
carried
in
to
Cleopatra
,
Dercetaeus
,
one
of
his
Guards
,
took
up
Antony's
Sword
,
and
hid
it
;
and
when
he
saw
his
opportunity
,
stole
away
to
Caesar
,
and
brought
him
the
first
News
of
Antony's
death
,
and
withall
shewed
him
the
bloody
Sword
.
Caesar
upon
this
news
retir'd
into
his
Closet
,
and
paying
some
tears
to
the
memory
of
one
that
had
been
his
Kinsman
,
Partner
,
and
faithful
Companion
in
so
many
Wars
and
Dangers
,
he
came
out
to
his
Friends
,
and
bringing
with
him
many
Letters
,
he
read
to
them
with
how
much
reason
and
moderation
he
had
always
treated
Antony
,
and
in
return
,
what
fierce
and
arrogant
Answers
he
receiv'd
.
From
thence
it
was
he
sent
Proculeius
to
use
his
utmost
endeavours
to
get
Cleopatra
alive
into
his
Power
;
for
he
was
afraid
of
losing
a
great
Treasure
;
and
besides
,
she
would
be
no
small
Addition
to
the
Ornaments
of
his
Triumph
;
but
she
refused
to
conferr
with
him
,
but
from
within
her
Monument
,
he
standing
on
the
outside
of
the
Door
,
which
was
strongly
barr'd
;
but
so
that
they
might
well
enough
hear
one
another's
voice
;
her
demand
was
,
that
her
Kingdom
might
be
dispos'd
to
her
Children
,
he
still
insisting
,
that
she
would
be
of
good
Courage
,
and
leave
intirely
to
Caesar
the
consideration
of
her
Affairs
,
he
having
taken
particular
notice
of
the
place
,
return'd
to
Caesar
,
who
sent
Gallus
to
parly
with
her
the
second
time
,
who
being
come
to
the
Door
,
did
on
purpose
prolong
the
conference
while
Proculeius
had
fix'd
his
scaling
Ladders
in
the
Window
;
through
which
the
Women
had
pull'd
up
Antony
,
and
being
follow'd
by
two
Servants
he
went
streight
down
to
the
Door
where
Cleopatra
was
discoursing
with
Gallus
,
one
of
the
Women
who
was
shut
up
in
the
Monument
with
her
,
was
heard
to
cry
out
,
Oh
wretched
Cleopatra
!
thou
art
taken
alive
,
she
turn'd
quick
and
spying
Proculeius
,
drew
out
her
Dagger
to
stab
her self
,
but
Proculeius
running
up
to
her
,
and
seizing
her
with
both
his
hands
,
for
shame
(
said
he
)
Cleopatra
,
you
wrong
your self
and
Caesar
much
,
who
would
rob
him
of
so
fair
an
occasion
of
shewing
his
clemency
to
the
whole
World
,
and
in
this
unjust
action
of
yours
would
seem
to
accuse
the
most
courteous
and
worthiest
of
Men
,
of
being
implacable
and
not
fit
to
be
confided
in
,
and
disarming
her
,
he
examined
her
Robe
for
fear
of
any
poyson
,
that
might
be
hid
therein
.
After
this
,
Caesar
sent
Epaphroditus
one
of
his
Servants
,
with
order
to
treat
her
with
all
the
gentleness
and
civility
imaginable
,
but
withal
to
be
very
intent
,
that
he
left
her
no
opportunity
of
making
her self
away
.
In
the
mean
while
Caesar
makes
his
entry
Caesar
enters
Alexandria
.
into
Alexandria
with
Areius
the
Philosopher
by
his
side
,
holding
him
by
the
hand
and
talking
with
him
,
that
he
receiving
so
great
honours
from
him
,
might
be
the
more
considered
by
his
fellow
Citizens
,
then
entring
the
open
place
where
they
usually
perform'd
their
Exercises
,
he
mounts
the
Throne
(
which
was
there
on
purpose
erected
)
from
whence
he
commanded
the
Citizens
,
who
in
great
fear
and
consternation
lay
prostrate
at
his
Feet
,
to
stand
up
,
and
told
them
,
That
he
forgave
the
People
of
Alexandria
all
their
Crimes
they
had
committed
:
First
,
for
the
sake
of
Alexander
,
who
built
their
City
,
then
for
the
City's
sake
it self
,
the
largest
and
most
beautiful
in
the
World
;
and
Thirdly
,
to
gratifie
his
friend
Areius
.
These
honours
did
Caesar
confer
upon
Artius
,
by
whose
intercession
many
others
lives
were
sav'd
,
amongst
the
which
was
Philostratus
,
a
Man
of
all
the
Professors
of
Eloquence
the
most
ready
and
fam'd
,
for
his
extemporary
Speeches
,
but
he
having
insinuated
himself
without
any
merit
into
the
Academy
,
and
his
morals
being
detested
by
Caesar
had
his
Petition
rejected
:
He
with
a
long
white
Beard
,
and
a
black
Cloak
was
always
at
A●eius
his
Heels
repeating
this
Verse
,
The
wise
Men
will
the
wise
Men
save
If
that
the
wise
Men
wisdom
have
.
Which
Caesar
hearing
gave
him
his
pardon
to
prevent
rather
the
ill
report
might
be
rais'd
of
Areius
than
in
any
consideration
of
Philostratus
.
Of
Antony's
Children
,
Antyllus
by
Fulvia
,
betray'd
by
his
Tutor
Theodorus
,
was
put
to
death
;
while
the
Soldiers
were
murd'ring
him
,
his
Tutor
contriv'd
to
steal
a
precious
Jewel
which
he
wore
about
his
Neck
,
and
put
it
into
his
Pocket
,
which
he
denying
,
was
convicted
of
Theft
and
hang'd
.
Cleopatra's
Children
with
their
Governours
had
a
Guard
set
on
them
,
and
were
treated
very
honourably
.
Caesario
who
is
reported
to
have
been
the
Son
of
Caesar
the
Dictator
,
was
sent
by
his
Mother
with
a
great
Sum
of
Money
through
Ethiopia
to
pass
into
India
,
but
his
Tutor
being
as
honest
as
Theodorus
,
had
perswaded
him
to
turn
back
to
Rhodes
,
for
that
Caesar
design'd
to
make
him
a
King
.
Caesar
consulting
what
was
best
to
be
done
with
him
,
't
is
reported
of
Areius
that
he
should
say
*
plurarity
of
Caesars
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
in
allusion
to
Homer's
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
.
is
not
safe
,
and
afterwards
he
was
put
to
death
so
soon
as
Cleopatra
was
dead
.
Many
Kings
and
great
Commanders
made
petition
to
Caesar
for
the
body
of
Antony
,
to
give
him
his
Funeral
rights
,
but
he
would
not
dispose
of
his
Corps
from
Cleopatra
,
who
buried
him
with
her
own
hands
with
all
splendor
and
magnificence
,
it
being
granted
to
her
to
employ
what
she
pleas'd
in
his
Funeral
.
In
this
extremity
of
grief
and
sorrow
,
and
having
inflamed
and
ulcerated
her
Breasts
with
beating
them
,
she
fell
into
a
high
Fever
,
and
was
very
glad
of
this
occasion
,
as
pretending
to
abstain
from
Meat
in
consideration
of
her
Disease
,
and
so
to
die
in
quiet
without
being
importun'd
to
live
.
Her
Physician
whom
she
confided
in
was
Olympus
,
to
whom
she
communicated
this
design
,
and
made
use
of
his
advice
to
rid
her self
of
this
miserable
life
:
As
Olympus
himself
says
,
having
Writ
the
History
of
these
matters
.
But
Caesar
suspecting
her
design
threatned
to
use
her
Children
ill
,
which
was
the
only
battery
capable
of
forcing
her
high
spirit
,
so
that
she
suffer'd
any
one
to
give
her
what
Meat
or
what
Medicine
they
pleas'd
.
Some
few
days
after
Caesar
himself
came
to
make
her
a
visit
and
comfort
her
:
She
lay
then
upon
her
Pallet
Bed
in
great
disorder
,
but
he
being
entred
she
rose
from
off
her
Bed
,
having
nothing
on
but
a
thin
Garment
,
she
flung
her self
at
his
feet
being
strangely
disfigured
,
her
Hair
and
Face
torn
,
with
a
trembling
voice
,
and
her
eyes
sunk
in
her
head
,
on
her
body
were
many
marks
of
blows
,
and
it
was
in
a
decent
condition
to
attend
her
grieved
Soul
,
but
for
all
this
her
good
air
and
mien
was
not
impair'd
,
some
sparks
of
beauty
still
remaining
,
and
in
spight
of
grief
shining
from
within
,
and
appearing
in
every
graceful
motion
.
Caesar
desiring
her
to
repose
her self
,
sat
down
by
her
,
and
this
opportunity
she
took
to
justifie
her
proceedings
,
alledging
that
what
she
had
done
was
more
out
of
fear
of
displeasing
Antony
than
from
her
own
inclinations
,
which
when
Caesar
confuted
in
every
Article
,
that
she
insisted
upon
,
she
presently
turn'd
her
discourse
to
move
his
compassion
,
as
if
she
desired
nothing
more
than
to
prolong
her
life
,
and
having
by
her
a
list
of
all
her
treasure
,
she
gave
it
into
his
hands
,
but
Seleucus
being
present
,
who
was
one
of
the
Treasury
,
told
her
that
she
had
laid
aside
and
suppressed
many
things
of
Value
,
upon
which
she
fell
into
such
a
fury
,
that
flying
from
her
Bed
,
she
caught
him
by
the
Hair
,
and
strook
him
several
blows
on
the
Face
,
Caesar
smiling
and
withholding
her
,
is
not
it
very
hard
Caesar
(
said
she
)
when
you
do
me
the
honour
of
a
visit
in
this
wretched
condition
I
am
in
,
that
I
should
be
affronted
by
one
of
my
Menial
Servants
,
if
I
have
laid
by
any
Women's
toys
,
they
never
were
design'd
Ornaments
,
for
one
of
my
miserable
Fortune
,
but
that
I
might
have
some
little
Present
by
me
,
to
make
your
Octavia
,
and
your
Livia
,
that
by
their
intreaties
I
might
hope
to
find
you
in
some
measure
dispos'd
to
mercy
.
Caesar
was
pleas'd
to
hear
her
talk
thus
;
being
now
assur'd
that
she
was
desirous
to
live
;
and
he
did
therefore
let
her
know
,
that
those
things
she
had
laid
by
she
might
dispose
of
as
she
pleas'd
,
and
his
usage
of
her
should
be
honourable
above
her
expectation
,
and
so
he
went
away
well
satisfied
that
he
had
over-reach'd
her
,
but
he
was
himself
deceiv'd
;
there
was
a
young
Nobleman
named
Cornelius
Dolabella
one
of
Caesar's
favourites
,
one
that
had
a
great
kindness
for
Cleopatra
,
he
sent
her
word
privately
,
as
she
had
engaged
him
to
do
,
that
Caesar
was
about
to
return
into
Syria
,
and
that
she
and
her
Children
were
to
be
sent
before
within
three
days
;
when
she
understood
this
news
,
she
made
her
request
to
Caesar
,
that
he
would
be
pleased
to
permit
her
,
to
make
her
last
Oblations
to
the
departed
Antony
;
which
being
granted
,
she
order'd
her self
to
be
carried
to
the
place
where
he
was
buried
,
and
there
upon
her
knees
,
accompany'd
by
her
Women
,
she
embrac'd
his
Tomb
with
tears
in
her
eyes
,
and
spake
in
this
manner
:
My
dearest
Antony
Cleopatra's
Lamentation
over
Antony's
Tomb.
(
said
she
)
it
is
not
long
since
,
that
with
these
hands
I
buried
thee
,
then
they
were
free
,
now
am
I
a
miserable
captive
,
and
pay
these
last
Duties
to
thee
,
with
a
guard
upon
me
,
for
fear
that
my
just
griefs
and
sorrows
should
impair
my
servile
Body
,
and
make
me
less
fit
to
appear
in
their
Triumphs
over
thee
.
No
further
offerings
and
sacrifice
expect
from
me
,
these
are
the
last
honours
that
Cleopatra
e'er
can
pay
thy
memory
,
for
she
is
to
be
hurried
away
,
far
from
thee
.
Nothing
could
part
us
whilst
we
liv'd
;
but
death
doth
seem
to
threaten
for
ever
to
divide
us
.
That
thou
a
Roman
born
should'st
lie
buried
here
in
Egypt
,
and
I
an
Egyptian
should
be
carried
into
Italy
,
there
to
expect
that
favour
only
;
but
if
the
Gods
of
thy
Country
,
with
whom
thou
now
art
,
either
can
or
will
do
any
thing
(
for
our
Gods
have
betray'd
us
)
suffer
them
not
to
leave
me
whilst
I
yet
have
life
,
let
me
not
be
lead
in
Triumph
to
thy
shame
;
but
have
a
little
room
in
thy
Grave
,
for
amongst
all
my
bitter
misfortunes
nothing
has
prest
my
Soul
so
hard
as
to
have
liv'd
thus
long
without
thee
.
Having
made
these
lamentations
,
crowning
the
Tomb
with
Garlands
of
Flowers
,
and
kissing
it
,
she
gave
orders
to
prepare
her
a
Bath
,
and
coming
out
of
the
Bath
,
she
eat
very
sumptuously
:
After
Supper
a
Country
fellow
brought
her
a
little
Basket
,
which
the
Guards
intercepting
,
and
asking
what
it
was
,
the
fellow
put
the
leaves
,
which
lay
uppermost
,
aside
,
and
shew'd
them
it
was
full
of
Figs
,
and
they
,
admiring
the
largeness
and
beauty
of
the
Figs
,
were
invited
to
take
of
them
,
which
they
refused
,
and
suspecting
nothing
bid
him
carry
them
in
:
Then
Cleopatra
sent
to
Caesar
a
Letter
and
sealed
it
,
and
putting
every
body
out
of
the
Monument
,
but
her
two
Women
,
she
shut
the
doors
:
Caesar
opening
her
Letter
,
and
finding
therein
such
earnest
requests
that
she
might
be
buried
in
the
same
Tomb
with
Antony
,
he
soon
guest
what
was
doing
,
once
he
was
going
himself
in
all
haste
,
but
changing
his
Mind
,
he
sent
one
to
see
how
affairs
stood
.
Her
Death
was
so
sudden
,
Cleopatra's
Death
that
those
that
were
sent
by
Caesar
,
surpriz'd
the
Guards
with
their
apprehensions
,
who
breaking
open
the
doors
found
her
stone
dead
,
lying
upon
her
Bed
of
Gold
,
set
out
in
all
her
Royal
Ornaments
:
Iras
one
of
her
Women
lay
dead
at
her
feet
,
and
Charmion
just
ready
to
tumble
,
scarce
able
to
hold
up
her
own
head
,
was
adjusting
her
Mistresses
Diadem
,
which
was
out
of
order
;
and
when
one
that
came
in
said
,
was
this
well
done
of
your
Lady
,
Charmion
?
extremely
well
,
she
answer'd
,
and
becoming
so
great
a
Queen
;
as
she
said
this
,
she
fell
down
dead
by
the
Bed-side
.
Some
relate
,
that
an
Asp
was
brought
in
amongst
those
Figs
,
and
covered
with
leaves
,
and
that
Cleopatra
had
order'd
it
so
,
that
she
might
be
bit
without
seeing
it
;
and
that
,
in
taking
up
the
leaves
,
she
should
say
,
holding
out
her
Arm
to
it
,
Art
thou
there
?
Others
say
,
that
it
was
kept
in
a
Glass
,
and
that
she
vex'd
and
prick'd
it
with
a
golden
Spindle
;
but
no
one
knew
the
certainty
;
for
they
reported
also
,
that
she
carried
Poison
in
a
golden
Bodkin
,
about
which
she
wound
her
Hair
;
but
there
was
not
so
much
as
a
spot
found
or
any
suspicion
of
Poison
in
her
Body
,
nor
was
any
living
Creature
found
within
the
Monument
,
but
a
certain
track
of
a
creeping
Creature
imagin'd
to
be
seen
on
the
Window
side
upon
the
Sand
nigh
the
Sea
:
Others
say
that
Cleopatra
had
two
marks
in
her
Arm
,
imprinted
very
small
by
the
Sting
of
the
Asp
,
to
which
Caesar
seem'd
to
have
given
credit
,
for
that
Cleopatra's
Statue
was
carried
in
Triumph
with
an
Asp
fix'd
to
her
Arm
;
with
these
uncertainties
are
these
things
related
:
Although
Caesar
were
very
much
disappointed
by
her
death
,
yet
he
could
not
but
admire
the
greatness
of
her
Mind
,
and
did
grant
that
her
Body
should
be
buried
by
Antony
with
all
the
Ceremony
and
Magnificence
which
was
due
unto
her
Quality
,
her
Women
also
were
buried
in
great
splendor
.
Cleopatra
died
in
the
Nine
and
Thirtieth
Year
of
her
Age
,
of
which
she
had
Reigned
Twenty
Two
;
the
Fourteen
last
years
joyntly
with
Antony
:
Antony
died
at
the
Age
of
Fifty
three
,
some
say
Fifty
Six
,
the
Statues
of
Antony
were
all
demolish'd
,
but
those
of
Cleopatra
remain'd
untouch'd
;
for
Archibius
her
Friend
had
given
Caesar
a
Hundred
and
fifty
thousand
Pound
that
they
should
not
run
the
same
fate
with
Antony's
.
Antony
left
by
his
Three
Wives
,
seven
Children
,
Antony's
Children
.
of
which
Antyllus
the
eldest
only
was
put
to
death
:
Octavia
took
the
rest
and
bred
them
with
her
own
.
Cleopatra
,
his
daughter
by
Cleopatra
,
was
Married
to
Juba
a
comely
Prince
:
Antony
his
Son
by
Fulvia
was
in
that
esteem
;
that
whereas
Agrippa
was
the
chief
Favourite
of
Caesar
,
and
the
Sons
of
Livia
held
the
second
Rank
,
the
third
Place
without
any
dispute
was
reckon'd
to
be
possest
by
Antony
:
Octavia
also
having
had
by
her
first
Husband
Marcellus
,
two
Daughters
,
and
one
Son
named
Marcellus
,
Caesar
gave
unto
him
his
Daughter
in
Marriage
,
and
by
that
means
adopted
him
;
and
Octavia
gave
one
of
her
Daughters
in
Marriage
to
Agrippa
;
but
Marcellus
dying
soon
after
his
Marriage
,
and
she
perceiving
that
her
Brother
was
not
easie
to
determine
whom
to
chose
for
his
Son-in-Law
,
was
the
first
that
did
persuade
him
to
give
his
Daughter
Julia
to
Agrippa
,
though
in
so
doing
he
was
to
quit
her
Daughter
:
Caesar
agreed
to
this
Proposal
and
married
Julia
to
Agrippa
,
and
she
receiving
her
Daughter
back
married
her
to
Antony
;
of
the
two
Daughters
which
they
had
by
this
Marriage
,
the
one
was
married
to
Domitius
Aenobarbus
,
and
the
other
Antonia
famous
for
her
Beauty
and
Discretion
was
married
to
Drusus
the
Son
of
Livia
,
and
Son-in-Law
to
Caesar
;
of
this
Line
came
Germanicus
and
Clodius
:
Clodius
was
Emperor
,
and
Caius
also
the
Son
of
Germanicus
,
who
having
reigned
very
wickedly
was
slain
,
He
,
his
Wife
,
and
his
Daughter
.
Agrippina
,
who
had
Lucius
Domitius
by
Aenobarbus
,
was
afterward
married
to
Claudius
Caesar
,
he
adopted
Domitius
,
whom
he
named
Nero
Germanicus
;
he
was
Emperor
in
our
time
,
and
put
his
Mother
to
death
,
and
with
his
madness
and
folly
,
did
well
nigh
ruin
the
Roman
Empire
;
he
was
in
the
Fifth
Degree
from
Antony
.