CAP. I. Iavan , Ias , Iaones , Ionia , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Athenae in actâ , Cecropiae , Cranaae , Atthis , Attica , Athenae sub Cecrope . Certamen Palladis & Neptuni , Plutarchi ea de re sententia , alii sub Erectheo volunt nominari , Iustinus sub Amphictyone . Salenos . Selines . Satinae . Sethina .

BY the sonnes of Noah a a Gen. 10.5 . were the Iles of the Gentiles divided in their lands , every one after his tongue ; when by their audacious folly they would have mounted up to heaven , thinking to leave a name to posterity , by building Castles in the air . From which attempt proceeded that which before they were jealous of , namely , a scattering abroad upon the face of the earth ; he having so spoken it , whose breath alone affords a fair wind . Hoyst then their sailes they must , and , bidding adieu to the plain in the land of Shenar , seek out some new habitation . Travellers they were of yore , & yet still must journey : Each one in as different a course , as of a divers language : The sons of Shem their way : the sons of Iaphet , theirs ; Gomer , and Magog , and Madai , and Iavan ; with whom I purpose one furlong to keepe company , leaving the rest on one side or other , or behind , looking only to my proposed scope . b b Joseph . Antiq. l. 1. c. 7. p. 13. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . From Iavan came Ionia and all the Greekes . And in Scripture we have Iavan put for Greece ; in Daniel twice , c c Dan. 10.20 . And when I am gone forth , loe the Prince of Grecia shall come . And againe , d d Cap. 11.2 . He shall stirre up all against the Realm of Grecia . Where although the old translation renders it not Iavan , yet it is so found in the originall . He then coming into the country called afterwards Attica , left unto it his own name , whence it was tearmed Ionia and Ias. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . e e Strabo l. 9. p. 392. For Attica was antiently called Ionia and Ias. In which words we still retaine some reliques of the radix , notwithstanding the small difference of the termination . But if we please to view after what title the sons of Iavan were stiled Iaones , we shall come nearer home . Strabo in the above quoted place , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Homer when he saies , There the Boeotians and Iaones , speakes of the Athenians . The Scholiast of Aeschylus on these words , f f In Persis p. 133. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . It is to be understood , quoth he , that the Athenians are tearmed Iaones , from one Iaon ( he meanes Iavan ) that was their King . Neither is it strange that the vau or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is left out ; for though it be not written , yet perswaded I am that it was as much pronounced , as other au Dipthongs were . For the g g Donat. in Ter. p. 130. antique Latines and the Greekes spake it as broad a , as if it had been thesaros , not thesauros . Sr Walter Raleigh is of opinion , That Asia the lesse had people before Greece had any , and that Iavan did not fly from Babylonia into Greece , but took Asia the lesse in his passage , and from thence past over the nearest way , leaving his owne name to some maritimate province on that side , as he did to that part so called . In which , although the authority of so worthy and judicious a man might move much , yet it shall be sufficient for me , only to goe so farre , as antiquity will beare me out . a a Lib. 1. p. 2. Thucydides reports , that it is manifest that all Greece was not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , firmely inhabited , but that there were continuall pilgrimages , or removings of the inhabitants , forsaking their former places , being driven out by a stronger and greater number . Wherefore when there was no safe traffique or commerce by sea or land , each manured his grounds for to have provent , alone to serve for present necessity , desiring no more then from hand to mouth ; it being uncertain , how soon they might be compelled to get them thence . Whereupon they did more willingly change their seats ; not taking grievous that sharp charge , veteres migrate coloni , Be gone you ancient Boores. But the more fertill soyle had hard bickrings . Thessaly , Boeotia , and a great part of Peloponnesus , except Arcadia , was often invaded , and the old Lords expelled . b b Thucyd. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . But Attica , by reason of the thinnesse or barrennesse of the ground , was alwaies inhabited by the same men ( none it seems being willing to leave his better , for a worse ) not affording fuell to contention . Out of which peace sprung up so great a multitude , that Attica , even now swarming , and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , not able to contain and feed so many , is constrained to send forth Colonies into Ionia , a region of Asia the lesse , which is reported by the Greekes to borrow denomination from Ion the son of Xuthus , or , as the Poets say , Apollo and Creusa , who in the words of Euripides is thought to be c c In Ione . T. 2. p. 619. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , the maker or founder of Asia . The mother Ionia ( for so I please to say ) kept not still her former name . For in processe of time she owned Actaea ; from Actaeon , as d d Li. 9. p. 397. Strabo sayes , or from Actaeus , according to e e In Att. p. 2. Pausanias , who was the first king thereof , by f f Pag. 23. Tzetzes on Lycophron called Acteus . But g g Orat. 6. Dion Chrysostom brings a more naturall reason then this , why it was Actaea . Acta signifies a shore , both in the Greeke and * * Virg. Aen. 5. p. 214. Latine speech . Now because all of it , within a little , was washed with the sea , and h h Strabo l. 9. p. 391. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , it might challenge unto it selfe Actaea . Dion 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Hence 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by the Aenegmeticall Poet in his i i Pag. 22. Cassandra is put for this country . Tzetzes . Because it is ( Acta ) a cliffe , that is cast forth and lying in the sea . And Athens her selfe by Plautus is said Athenae in acta , pro Athenis Atticis , as k k In Spicilegiis . Palmerius hath noted . But this grew old after a season , & Cecrops , having married the daughter of Actaeus , glories in his Cecropia , and Athens was called Cecropiae , & Cecropis civitas ; and after that Cranaae , from Cranaus the king that succeeded him . This Cranaus among other of his daughters had one l l Strabo & Paus. locis praed. Atthis , from whom also was derived Atthis and Attica ; next Posidonia and Minervia , from Neptune and Pallas . In this region stood Athens , Queene of Greece , so called , from that victory which Minerva got over Neptune , when Cecrops , moved with a prodigie of a sudden shooting up of an Olive , a a Varro apud August . l. 18. c. 9. de civit . Dei . and bubling forth of a salt spring in the Acropolis , consulted the Oracle of Apollo , who taught them that the one did signifie Neptune , the other Minerva , taking therefore the men into suffrages for Neptune , and the women for Minerva , who had most voices should carry it . The females being more , the Goddesse bore away the bell . Loe here a witty Devill to bring in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Gods of his own making , to infold the superstitious in an ignorant zeal . However let us leave the shadow of poëticall fictions , and take the true draught out of Mythology . Plutarch is of opinion ; that the ancient kings striving to draw away their subjects from seafaring negotiations , and a desire to live by sayling , unto tillage and manuring of ground , gave occasion of the speech that Neptune and Minerva did altercate about the city . b b In them . p. 87. l. 23. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , &c. Neptune is put for the Sea and businesses thereof . Minerva for Arts and ingenuous kinds of life : nay saies Ovid in his Kalender , Mille Dea est operum , she is a Goddesse of a thousand trades . Others say that the City was consecrated to her by Amphictyon , & nomen civitati Athenas dedit . c c Lib. 2. Iustine . Others in the time of Erectheus , among which is Herodotus , will have this name given . Which Author d d 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Marcianus Heracleota doth follow , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . This was that Erectheus , who in a time of drought over all the world , except Aegypt , brought corn to Athens , and taught the Eleusinian mysteries . Beholding this City hath beene to Aegypt for other kings ; to wit , e e Aristoph . sch. pag. 79. Tzetz . in Lycoph . p. 23. Cecrops and Menestheus , for his father Petes was an Aegyptian . In the time of Diodorus Siculus , and before him , it was a received opinion , that Athens was peopled by the Aegyptians , Sais in that tongue answering to Athene in Greeke , as Tzetzes out of Carax . Nay that they should be of the inhabitants of Sais , they argue from this . Because that the Saitae and Athenians have divers customes alike . Witnesse Diodorus Siculus . But it pleases not me . I conjecture that first it was called Athens , when the people began more seriously to addict themselves to civill government , and study of good literature ; knowledge and art being ascribed to Minerva . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , saies f f Polit. l. 8. c. 9. Aristotle . Nay her name being derived from thence , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 thena in the Chaldy tongue signifying to study or learne : from which come thenaa , and with an article Hatthenaa , as g g In Aristar . Sac. Synt. 1. c. 1. p. 27. Heinsius the most learned . As for the conceit of Goropius Becan , from ana the number of three , which notes eternity ; and so from hat-het-ana . Athena . But because wisedome doth contain eternity , let ut send it back into Germany . Loe now Athens named from learning , which was once the h h Isidor . shop of letters and the Muses , whereof it is now deplorably destitute , having lost the glory of former Athens , nay the name it self . For if we believe some they tell us , that now it is Salenos or Selines . To whom I accord not . Because that I have read Selines for Megara called Nisaea , which is not many miles from Athens . Furthermore in discourse with a native of Peloponnesus , who lived many years in that City , I had no other appellation from him then Ateene , which others write Satina , corrupted , as Portus & Meursius truly think , for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Nay a a In Hodoep . Byz . l. 3. Hugo Favolius who was there himselfe even to the same purpose names it Sethina .

Vndique sic miserae nobis spectantur Athenae , Dedala quas Pallas sese coluisse negaret , Quas , Neptune pater , nunquam tua maenia dicas , Indigenae Sethina vocant . — We wretched Athens round doe view , which now , Though once ingenious Pallas love , 's her shame , And t' have beene thine , Neptune , would'st disavow , To which the Homebred give Sethina name .

CAP. II. Athenarum situs . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Herbae lucentes , Murus , Pelasgicus & Cimonius , Propylaea . Circuitus veteris urbis , & novae . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Piraeei brachia . Murus Phalericus . Portae . Aer . Laus passim apud scriptores . Cephissus Fl●●ius .

GReece , saies b b In Panath. p. 171 , 172. Aristides , is placed in the midst of the whole earth , and in the midst of it stands Attica ; the navell whereof is Athens , by which all Greece , closeted in the wombe of time , receaved nourishment , before an happy birth had brought her forth into the light . She is seated upon a very high rock , which habitations doe encompasse , as c c Lib. 9. pag. 396. Strabo : on the top of which stands that renowned fabrick even to this day , which Cecrops from himselfe names * * Plin. Nat. hist. l. 7. c. 56. Cecropia ; of old 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , the City , by a kind of excellence , in a bravado of their antiquity , concerning which they were in perpetuall contention with the Argivi . Witnesse d d In Att. pag. 13. l. 16. Pausanias . e e Eunuch . act. 5. sc. 6. Terent , An in astu venit ? Donat. Sic Athenienses urbem suam vocabant , unde ipsi incolae 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 vocantur . So , saith he , the Athenians called their City , whence the Citizens themselves are called astoi . After that they called it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 f f Attic. p. 24. l. 43. Pausanias . Which in his time was called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or the high City , although it be often interpreted Arx a Castle ; which ever were sacred to Minerva , as g g Orat. in Minerv . Tom. 1. p. 21. Aristides . Who therefore is by Catullus in his Argonauticks named Diva retinens in summis urbibus arces . The Goddesse that keepes the Turrets of Cities . This onely now remaines , the succour and shelter of the barbarous Athenians , being strongly furnished with men and armes , in which alone dwell Janizaries , to the number of seven hundred thousand , as Christophero Angelo told me , and avouched it , I fearing least he had mistaken the number . As for the forces thereof a a Hodoep . Byz . l. 3. Hugo Favolius shall thus instruct you , A●x tantum celebris hoc tempore montis eodem Quaeque impôsta jugo est , vastas prospectat in undas Aequoris , & circum dispersa mapalia , & omnes Externo indigenas nocuo● tutatur ab hoste , Nobilis arx , toto qua non est altera Graïo Nota magis regno , validisque instructior armis , Ignivomóque magis tormentorum impere tuta . A Castle onely famous at this day , Set on an hill , below which viewes the sea . The scattered thatcht sheds , that stand it about , The fort defends , and keepes invasion out , And natives safe . A fort ; none noted more In Greece , which hath a better warlike store , Or it for fiery Canons goes before . Upon the toppe of this Turret stand the fashions of Halfe Moones most rarely gilded , after the manner of the Ishmaelites , who have the Moone in no small honour , as my much honoured Mr b b De Diis Syris , Syn. 2. cap. 2. p. 288. Selden hath observed . Of which Lunulets thus speakes Favolius , Cujus inauratis longe rutilantia Lunis Ardua coelivagas feriunt fastigia nubes . Whose tops with gilded Moones aspiring high , Doe knock the Clouds the pilgrims of the skie . Neither may it passe obscurely which I have taken up , being let fall from the mouth of an eye witnesse ; namely , on the side of this hill , on which the Acropolis is built , grows a certain kind of hearb , that farre off , in the night season , gives a most shining and glittering light , to which when a man shall approach , he shall discern nothing but the hearb it selfe . Of which matter I seriously wish that I could testify the truth . It was delivered to me , bona fide , with good credit . The walls that environ this , are none now , saies Favolius , but in former time it hath beene well fenced ; some part thereof erected by those two Tuscan brothers , who leaving their country , lived here under the Acropolis , called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Pelargi , Storkes , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , for their wandring : a a Lib. 9. pag. 397. Strabo : b b Nat. hist. l. 7. c. 56. Pliny sayes their names were Euryalus and Hyperbius : the two that first built houses of brick at Athens , when formerly they had Caves for dwelling places . But by the authority of Pausanias , though the Printers and Scribes have done both that Author , and the persons wrong , in putting a false name upon one of them , I will doe them none . Read then Laterarias domus constituerunt primi Agrolas & Hyperbius fratres Athenis , &c. c c In Attic. p. 36. l. 34. Pausanias . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . From these was that part which they edified called Pelargicum . Aristophanes in Avibus . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ; The other part of the Acropolis which was left naked , Cimon the sonne of Miltiades clothed . Pausanias in the fore quoted place . These walls admitted no gate but one , so rarely beautified with that costly Propylaeum or porch , on which Pericles is discommended by d d Tull. Off. l. 2. Demetrius Phalareus for disbursing so great a summe of money . e e Val. Max. lib. 3. ● . 1. For which he was not smally troubled how he might give up his accounts to the people ; His Nephew Alcibiades therefore seeing him somewhat sad , and demanding the cause , to whom when his unkle replied , that it was about giving his accounts , seek rather , quoth he , how you may not give them . By which counsell the Athenians were entangled with that neighbour war against the Lacedemonians , in which they found not vacancy for an audit . By the way it shal be fit to acquaint you with thus much , that it was not permitted to a dog to enter into the Acropolis , as f f 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . p. 175. Plutarch 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it may bee , for his heat in Venery and ill savour . Goats likewise , saies g g De re Rust. Varro , came not thither , unlesse for a necessary sacrifice once , least they should hurt the Olive which is said first to have sprung up there . The circuit of this Acropolis is said to be threescore stadia . Now a Stadium is about some * * Fine feet make a pace , and a thousand paces a mile . I●idor . Orig. lib. 15. c. 16. six hundred & twenty five feet , eight of which make a mile , it being the custome of the ancient Greeks , so to measure the length or distance of grounds , or Cities , by the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . The first City then is contained in seaven miles and an halfe . But at this were added more houses able to make a City of themselves . And so indeed were they distinguished by 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . The upper and lower City . h h In Phoc. p. 549. l. 47. Plutarch , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Note here moreover , in the reading of your Greek Authors , that when you meet with 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the description of a Countrey , you presently must conceive the higher part , if it be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , a a Lib. 1. p. 6. a Thucidides . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . And they preyed upon each other , and among the rest who were not addicted to the sea , yet lived below , understand neare the sea , Schol. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 then , and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 knit together made but one joynt corporation ; both as it were uniting Piraeum unto themselves , tooke up , as b b Orat. 6. Dion Chrysostome writes , two hundred Stadia , which is about five and twenty miles . Upon which place , Morellus produces a Scholiast testifying that the walls were 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 fifteen miles save one furlong . Where I wonder that the learned man had not eftsoon perceived the number to have been corrupt , and written 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , twenty five for fifteene . For so it ought to be . Neither is it strange that it had so large bounds . For consider that from Piraeum to Athens were reckoned five miles , as you may see in c c Nat. hist. l. 2 c. 85. Pliny , from Athens to Phalerum , and so to the other side of Piraeum foure miles and a quarter : The utmost wall of which Thucydides speakes in his second book consisted of five miles a quarter & halfe . The girdle of Piraeum and Munychia had seaven miles and an halfe more . All which being put together make up but twenty two miles one quarter and one furlong . But Dion Chrysostom must be here understood ; and it behoves us to conceive that he spake not barely of the naked wals , for then it cannot hold ; but I suppose some houses to have been without d d Loco citato 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , as he saies , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . In which I appeale to more judicious heads . Neither can I silently passe by the opinion of Iohn Meursius , who reading in e e In Archad . p. 244. l. 37. Pausanias , these words , f f Att. Lect. l. 3. c. 4. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , should presently obtrude to us , that Pausanias teaches , that the f f Att. Lect. l. 3. c. 4. wall called Phalericus is but twenty stadia or two mile and an halfe . When indeed he meant nothing lesse . For speaking of salt Springs , which he calls 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , he seems to involve a reason drawn from the neerenesse of the sea . For when he writes of this brackish well . Among the Athenians , the Sea which comes up neere Phalerus , is distant from the City but twenty Stadia at the most , quoth he . Where Amasaeus had thus strangely doted . Athenae à Phalero ab●unt stadia haud amplius XX. And that ●his was the meaning of the Author , proves that which followes . He might have likewise considered that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 with a Dative case signifies not only juxta ●nd propè as I have translated it ; but supra sometimes , which will now serve better . And Meursius indeed blames the number ; but sees not into the words . Now it is not needlesse that the two walls , which joynes Pyreum and Athens at so long a distance , be somewhat spoken of , seeing they are reckoned by a a Lib. 31. Livie among the multa visenda , Many things worthy of sight at Athens . These are the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , in b b Lib. 3. Eleg. 19. p. 192. Propertius ,

— Theseae brachia longa viae . c c In bello Mith. p. 125. l. 9. Appian of Alexandria , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , and d d Pag. 355. l. 10. Plutarch in Cimone . One lying towards the North , of which e e In Pe●icle . p. 115. l. 20. Plutarch . The other toward the South , in height about forty Cubits , as f f In Mith. p. 124. l. ult. Appian testifies . These are called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by g g Orat. 6. Dion Chrysostom , because Athens being at one end , and Piraeum at the other , these were drawne forth between . And when writers speake of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , it may be conjectured that it is for distinction of that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the Acropolis which Cimon built , h h In Attic. p. 19. l. 8. witnesse Pausanias Aristophanes seems to bring authority for an opinion that Themistocles built these . In i i P. 337. Equitibus . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Which his k k P. 338. A. co. 2. Scholiast affirmes . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 For Themistocles added Piraeum to the City . we read in l l In Them . p. 27. Probus that he was the only agent in walling the City , & that he so hastned the accomplishing , that they were faine to be as it were sacrilegious , and make use of materialls formerly consecrated to the edifying of Temples , and Monuments of the dead . But m m In Them ▪ p. 87. l. 25. Plutarch gaine-saies this , and that he did only 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , conjoyne the City & Piraeum , and put the land to take acquaintance with the Sea . It seems somewhat forward before . However , so fenny was the ground it was founded upon , that the worke soon came to great reparation , which n n Plut. in Cim . p. 355. l. 14. Cimon the sonne of Miltiades undertook . For which stones of an huge weight and lime , he made the earth so firm that it could not give . Nay he was so liberall , that he did out of his own expences so great favours , to a people that some years after gratified him with exile . Neither did he only mend the breaches ; but in after time o o Plut. p. 355. l. 12. unlesse 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 may have respect to Conon who after the victory at Cnidus erected these walls as Pausan. in Atticis p. 2. l. 14. I would neither deceive my selfe or the Reader . finished the whole work , so that he may truly be said to be the founder of them . Let us now come to the Gates of the City . * * Attic. Lect. initio . Meursius hath observed tenne , but I feare they will scarce suffice to such a vast City . Take then these . Dipylon or Thriasia the fairest of all , velut in ore urbis posi●a , placed as it were in the front of the City , saies Livie , major aliquanto patentiorque quam caeterae est , greater somewhat and wider then the rest . p p Dec. 4. l. 1. p. 11. A. Hence I suppose named Dipylon as if it were as big as two Gates . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Piraicae . Neere the Temple of Chalcodoon . Here were buried some of those that died in fight with the Amazons in the time of Theseus . q q In Theseo . p. 9. l. 20. Plutarch . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Hippades . Where the bones of Hyperides the famous Orator rest with his progenitors , who being racked under Antipater , chose rather to bite off his tongue , a a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 p. 456. then to divulge the secrets of his Country . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , Sacrae . The sacred gate . We read of this in b b 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . p. 45. Theophrastus Characters but to my great admiration , that the Eagle-sighted Casaubon had not espied a fault For though it be true that there were such gates at Athens as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , yet is there any that ever read 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , the dead to have bin carried out to buriall through the sacred gate ? It makes not any thing that it was spoken to a stupid fellow , for they spak not as our vulgar doe , such as , When Christmas comes out of Wales . Write then 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 are the gates at which they went forth with their corps at the solemnizations of their obsequies , the reason of which shall be spoken hereafter . c c Pag. 715. num. 95. Demosthenes , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The gate of Aegeus . It seemes to have been in Delphinium where he dwelt ; whence the Hermes or Image towards the East end of the Temple was called d d Plut. Thes. p. 4. l. 21. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . The statue at the gates of Aegeus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Melitides . Where lyes Thucydides the sonne of Olorus that wrote the Peloponnesian Warre , who after his returne into his Country from banishment , was treacherously murthered , his Sepulcher stands neere these gates . e e Atticis p. 21. l. 41. Pausanias . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ceramicae . These are called by Xenophon 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . The Gates in Ceramicus , where many of the Lacedemonians were buried , which died in the seditious warre that Thrasybulus made against the Thirty Tyrants . f f 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 p. 279. l. 43. Xenophon . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . The Gates of Diochares . Of whom I have nought to speake . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . The Acharnan Gates . I suppose they were called so from that Towne or Village neere , named Acharnia , to which it is probable it looked . For so did the ancients dame their Gates from the Towne to which they were neere . The Romans their Porta Collatina from Collatia , Meursius hath added two l. toneae , & Scaae . in Atticis which I never s●w untill I had written this place as God and man is my witnesse I speake least any sh●uld think ●hat I have stoln out of him because we meet , a Burge not farre off . And happily it is so here , as also in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Diomaea ; for Dionus is a people of Athens not any great matter distant from the Citty . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Thracia These are all that I ever met with named : others there are obscurely pointed at by g g Atticis p. 14. l. 1. Pausanias , as that neere the Gallery which from its various draughts they call Paecile , where is the effigies of Mercurie Ago●aeus in brasse . And others about the beginning of his Attica , of which I had better hold my peace then speake as good as nothing . Thus have we found twelve Gates ; which being opened enter ; sucke that sweet ayre , whose excellent purity brought forth such acute wits , a a Cassiod . Var. l. 12. & prepared with a most happy bounty understanding judgements for contemplation . Whence b b Med●a p. 460.461 . Euripides may well straine to this note , that Venus sitting neere , and adorning her selfe , sends forth continually Cupids of Learning 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Well may he blesse that clime stiling it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , which hath been the Mother of the Muses ( by the leave of Mnemosyne ) or at least the Nurse to them , for there are they said to have travelled with Harmonia ; as if there were no such melodious consent , c c Med. p. 459 as in the Sciences . Let not d d In Praf . ad Charact. Theophrastus assert all Greece to lye under the same temperature and disposition of the heavens , when at this day it may be spoken , as once Aristides did of it . e e Tom. 1. p. 173. No coast so truly void of all earthly dreggs , and participating more of the coelestiall and defecated ayre . Not unworthily hath Sophocles been lavish in expressions . f f Aia. p. 57. Famous , g g Oed. Col p. 258. The most Renowned , h h Oed. Col. p. 264. Happy ▪ i i Aia p. 71. Sacred Athens . Pindarus . k k p. 361. Wonderfull , l l p. 361. Much spoken of . m m p. 361. Nea● , &c. To the making up of her delight comes to all the river Cephissus , which is able to bear vessells of a good burthen , as I have been informed , but the Turks fearing least it might be advātagious to any enimy that might invade them , have cut it into many & sundry little streams , damming up with an innumerable quantity of stones the mouth of the river for a mile in length . Thinking they have sufficiently prevented , which they did but suppose could happen .