THE
Turkish
History
EPITOMIZED
:
CHAP.
I.
The
Original
of
the
Turks
according
to
the
Opinion
of
sundry
Learned
Authors
,
with
the
Means
by
which
they
acquired
their
first
Monarchy
in
Persia
;
Together
with
the
Reign
and
Death
of
Tangrolipix
their
first
King
.
IT
has
,
and
at
this
day
does
cause
sundry
Disputes
amongst
the
Learned
,
from
what
Nation
or
People
the
Turks
,
now
so
formidable
by
extending
their
Empire
o're
a
third
part
of
the
known
World
,
are
sprung
or
derived
;
some
being
of
opinion
that
they
are
descended
of
the
Remnant
of
the
Trojans
that
scaped
the
Sword
at
the
Destructiou
of
the
City
of
Troy
,
and
strengthen
their
Argument
with
this
Reason
,
viz.
That
the
Word
Turcii
signifying
a
Trojan
,
is
corruptly
called
Turci
or
Turk
,
and
that
on
all
hands
it
is
affirmed
that
they
originally
inhabited
the
lesser
Asia
,
where
the
City
so
much
Renowned
in
Story
for
its
holding
out
a
ten
years
Siege
against
the
Power
of
the
then
Grecian
Empire
stood
;
others
affirm
they
sprung
from
the
ten
Tribes
carried
away
captive
by
Salmanaser
the
Assyrian
King
,
and
that
from
them
likewise
sprung
the
Tartars
inhabiting
the
Northern
Climes
,
and
their
Reasons
are
,
for
as
much
as
the
great
Lords
of
Tartary
derive
their
Pedigree
from
Tribes
,
calling
themselves
Danists
,
Zebulonians
and
Napthalists
,
and
that
the
Word
Turk
in
the
Hebrew
signifies
a
banished
man
,
or
one
in
disgrace
;
and
further
,
that
they
still
retain
many
Ceremonies
of
the
Jewish
Nation
,
as
Circumcision
,
and
the
like
,
as
also
frequently
to
repeat
to
themselves
Lamentations
,
though
corruptly
for
the
fall
of
Jerusalem
,
and
Damascus
the
chief
Cities
of
Judea
and
Syria
,
affirming
they
know
not
the
meaning
of
such
their
Lamentations
,
but
that
they
have
been
taught
of
their
Ancestors
so
to
do
.
Others
are
of
Opinion
that
they
were
Scythians
,
who
left
their
Country
by
reason
of
the
Scarcity
thereof
,
and
Coldness
of
the
Clime
,
and
falling
on
Armenia
,
grasped
it
with
so
hard
a
hand
,
that
all
the
Power
of
the
Roman
Empire
then
flourishing
could
not
rescue
it
,
but
as
a
Token
of
their
first
Success
in
their
issuing
out
of
the
Caspian
Straits
,
they
named
it
Turcomania
,
which
name
remains
to
this
day
.
And
that
there
were
such
a
People
long
before
their
aspiring
to
Empire
in
Asia
,
Pomponius
Mella
,
Pliny
,
and
Ptolomy
do
aver
;
but
about
the
time
of
their
Eruption
,
Blondus
Platina
,
and
Segonius
disagree
,
the
two
former
declaring
it
to
be
in
the
year
of
our
Lord
755
,
and
the
latter
in
844.
yet
conclude
upon
the
reason
of
their
coming
forth
as
aforesaid
.
Their
Rise
and
aspiring
to
Greatness
,
was
after
this
manner
;
Mahomet
the
persian
Sultan
wresting
the
Government
from
the
Caliph
or
Successor
of
Mahomet
the
Impostor
,
or
as
they
falsly
called
him
,
their
Great
Prophet
,
whose
Erroneous
Doctrine
had
infected
all
Asia
,
Affrick
,
and
part
of
Europe
,
to
provide
against
the
worst
strengthned
himself
,
and
the
better
to
do
it
,
sent
to
the
Turkish
Chief
in
Armenia
to
furnish
him
with
a
competent
number
of
Men
of
War
,
who
in
compliance
to
the
Sultans
Command
caused
3000
to
March
under
the
Leading
of
one
of
his
chief
Captains
named
Tangrolipix
,
by
the
help
of
which
he
overthrew
the
Caliph
of
Babylon
,
with
an
incredible
Slaughter
of
his
Army
;
and
being
further
minded
to
make
an
Expedition
against
the
Indians
that
bordered
his
Country
,
and
knowing
by
Experience
the
great
courage
of
the
Turks
,
and
their
singular
dexterity
in
Archery
,
he
resolved
to
retain
them
for
his
further
Service
;
so
that
when
they
desired
to
be
conducted
over
the
River
Araxis
,
he
not
only
refused
to
permit
it
,
but
also
threatned
them
,
if
they
offered
to
make
any
further
mention
of
their
departure
,
which
Indignity
caused
them
to
take
the
opportunity
of
withdrawing
themselves
into
the
Desart
of
Caranonitis
,
and
there
like
Out-laws
to
live
upon
Spoil
;
the
News
of
which
no
sooner
reached
the
Sultan's
ear
,
but
he
commanded
ten
of
his
Captains
to
March
against
Tangrolipix
with
an
Army
of
20000
choice
Soldiers
composed
of
divers
Nations
,
which
Incamping
by
the
border
of
a
Forrest
,
wherein
the
Turkish
Captain
resided
with
his
Forces
,
they
were
in
the
dead
of
the
night
set
upon
and
put
to
flight
with
great
Slaughter
;
so
that
the
Turks
furnishing
themselves
with
the
Spoyls
of
the
slain
appeared
more
boldly
in
the
Field
,
and
were
in
a
short
time
increased
to
50000
fighting
men
by
such
Outlaws
and
other
Villains
,
as
upon
the
bruit
of
their
Success
resorted
to
'um
,
which
caused
Mahomet
,
now
jealous
of
his
other
Subjects
revolt
to
raise
a
great
Army
and
to
advance
against
Ta●grolipix
First
,
having
put
out
the
Eyes
of
those
Captains
overthrown
in
the
fight
,
and
threatned
to
disgrace
the
Souldiers
that
escaped
the
slaughter
by
attiring
them
in
Womans
Apparel
,
which
afterward
redounded
to
his
loss
by
causing
them
to
avoid
future
punishment
to
fly
to
his
Enemy
.
In
fine
,
both
Armies
met
on
the
great
Plain
before
the
City
Ispahan
in
Persia
,
and
began
a
dreadful
Battle
,
which
with
great
Slaughter
lasted
till
Sultan
Mahomet
fell
from
his
Horse
,
and
broak
his
neck
,
at
what
time
both
Armies
ceased
from
fight
,
and
by
unanimous
consent
chose
Tangrolipix
Sultan
of
Persia
,
and
the
Dominions
appertaining
to
that
large
Kingdom
,
who
was
no
sooner
seated
in
his
Throne
,
but
he
caused
the
Garrisons
that
kept
the
Passage
over
Araxis
to
be
removed
,
and
called
in
the
Turks
his
Country-men
then
dwelling
on
the
other
side
,
and
by
degrees
advanced
them
to
all
the
chief
Places
of
Trust
,
deposing
the
Persians
and
Sarazens
,
the
Ancient
Inhabitants
of
those
Dominions
;
but
long
he
had
not
wielded
his
Scepter
e'r
he
made
War
upon
Pisasiris
the
Caliph
of
Babylon
,
and
after
sundry
Battles
having
slain
him
annexed
his
Kingdom
to
Persia
.
This
Success
firing
him
with
a
desire
to
extend
his
Dominions
wider
,
he
sent
Cutlu-Muses
his
Nephew
to
war
on
the
Arabians
,
but
those
People
as
dexterous
in
Archery
as
the
Turks
soon
overthrew
him
with
the
slaughter
of
a
great
part
of
his
Army
,
and
therefore
in
his
Return
requested
of
Stephen
the
Greek
Emperours
Lievtenant
in
Media
,
that
he
might
pass
through
those
Territories
into
his
own
Country
;
but
he
not
only
denied
him
passage
,
but
opposed
him
with
a
powerful
Army
,
which
was
by
the
Turks
defeated
,
and
the
Lievtenant
taken
Prisoner
:
After
which
the
Sultan
in
Person
made
an
Expedition
against
the
Arabians
,
thinking
to
revenge
the
late
disgrace
,
but
procured
a
greater
for
himself
,
was
likewise
overthrown
,
which
caused
him
to
bend
his
Forces
to
the
Conquest
of
Media
,
to
effect
which
he
sent
his
Brother
Asan
,
but
in
the
mean
while
his
Nephew
fearing
his
displeasure
for
disobeying
his
Command
fled
,
and
gathering
to
him
a
strong
Power
,
seized
on
Pasar
a
strong
City
of
Chorasmians
,
yet
the
Expedition
was
not
thereby
obstructed
;
but
his
Army
had
scarce
entred
the
Confines
of
Media
before
the
Emperor
's
new
Lievtenant
gave
Battle
,
and
put
the
Turks
to
flight
following
the
Execution
for
many
miles
.
This
defeat
inraged
the
Sultan
,
and
caused
him
to
send
an
Army
double
the
number
of
the
former
under
the
Conduct
of
Humbramy-Alim
his
other
Brother
,
who
after
six
days
Siege
took
Arzen
a
Town
rich
in
Merchandize
,
but
the
Lievtenant
having
joyned
his
Forces
with
those
of
Liperates
Governour
of
Iberia
,
who
came
to
his
Assistance
,
the
Battle
was
joyned
,
which
continued
bloody
and
doubtful
for
the
space
of
four
hours
,
at
the
end
of
which
the
Victory
fell
to
the
Christians
,
who
followed
the
Execution
till
Night
put
an
end
to
it
,
yet
Liperates
fighting
valiantly
was
taken
and
carried
into
Persia
,
for
whose
Ransom
the
Emperor
sent
great
Presents
;
but
the
Sultan
out
of
a
generous
bravery
sent
him
home
Ransom-free
,
only
admonishing
never
to
bear
Arms
against
him
more
,
and
with
him
sent
Seriph
a
Mahumetan
Priest
as
his
Ambassador
,
to
demand
of
the
Emperor
that
he
would
become
Tributary
to
the
Sultan
,
and
that
thereby
an
Eternal
Peace
might
issue
,
which
the
Emperor
rejected
with
just
disdain
.
Whereupon
the
Sultan
invaded
the
Roman
Provinces
with
great
Forces
,
but
understanding
upon
his
approaching
Caesarea
that
the
Emperor's
Army
was
upon
the
March
,
resolving
to
give
him
Battle
,
and
that
if
he
should
be
overthrown
there
was
little
hopes
of
retreating
by
reason
he
had
left
so
many
Enemies
at
his
back
,
he
returned
into
Media
and
laid
Siege
to
the
strong
City
of
Mantizichiert
,
furiously
assaulting
it
for
thirty
days
without
intermission
;
but
after
the
loss
of
Alean
his
chief
Captain
,
and
20000
Turks
and
Persians
he
in
great
perplexity
raised
the
Siege
,
and
upon
his
return
being
displeased
with
his
Brother
Habraim-Alim
,
he
fled
by
Night
and
joyned
such
Forces
as
he
could
raise
with
Cutlu
Muses
,
against
whom
the
Sultan
marched
,
and
overthrowing
them
in
plain
Battle
took
Habraim
Prisoner
,
and
immediatly
commanded
his
head
to
be
struck
off
,
when
in
the
mean
while
Cutlu
Muses
,
and
his
Cousin
Melech
fled
into
Armenia
with
the
remainder
of
the
broken
Army
,
and
from
thence
sent
Ambassadors
to
the
Greek
Emperor
to
take
them
into
protection
,
but
the
Sultan
following
them
close
with
his
Army
,
they
removed
from
thence
and
fled
into
Arabia
,
upon
which
the
Sultan
leaving
the
pursuit
,
turned
his
Army
upon
Iberia
and
wasted
the
Country
with
fire
and
sword
in
many
places
;
but
upon
the
approach
of
Acoluthus
the
Emperor's
Lievtenant
he
retired
to
Tauris
,
leaving
behind
him
one
Sannich
with
3000
Turks
to
infest
the
Imperial
Territories
.
At
which
time
the
Emperor
Constantius
died
,
leaving
his
Empress
and
three
Children
,
the
former
being
obliged
in
an
Oath
not
to
marry
,
though
afterwards
that
Oath
was
dispensed
with
by
the
Patriarch
,
and
she
married
to
one
Diogines
whom
she
pardoned
as
the
Sentence
of
death
was
about
to
pass
upon
him
for
conspiracy
to
dismember
the
Empire
:
So
that
he
being
proclaimed
Emperor
,
advanced
with
an
Army
against
the
Turks
pasting
over
into
Asia
,
where
they
were
wasting
the
Provinces
with
fire
and
sword
,
upon
whose
approach
the
Sultan
doubting
the
Event
,
sent
one
part
of
his
Army
into
the
South
,
and
the
other
into
the
North
,
the
latter
surprising
upon
its
arrival
new
Caesarea
,
and
so
laded
with
rich
Booties
departed
,
upon
notice
of
which
the
Emperor
pursued
them
,
and
after
a
sharp
Incounter
put
them
to
flight
,
recovering
the
Booty
and
Prisoners
,
at
which
time
the
City
of
Hierapolis
was
surrendred
to
him
,
and
many
other
Cities
which
the
Turks
had
taken
;
and
then
dividing
his
Army
,
past
on
with
one
part
of
it
to
Syria
,
and
left
the
other
part
to
defend
the
new
Conquest
,
which
in
his
absence
was
overthrown
by
the
Turks
,
upon
News
of
which
the
Governour
of
Aleppo
revolted
from
him
.
But
whilst
the
Turks
supposed
they
had
him
in
a
Toil
,
he
without
any
noise
fell
in
with
their
Army
and
put
them
to
flight
,
making
great
slaughter
of
such
as
fled
,
and
then
receiving
the
Homage
of
the
several
Countries
he
passed
through
,
he
came
to
Alexandria
in
Caelicia
,
and
there
quartered
his
Army
,
and
so
returned
to
Constantinople
.
The
Emperor
having
recruited
himself
all
Winter
,
early
in
the
Spring
hasted
to
his
Army
to
oppose
the
Turks
that
were
abroad
ravaging
the
Country
about
new
Caesaria
,
and
after
having
repressed
them
passed
on
to
the
River
Euphrates
,
where
leaving
part
of
his
Army
with
his
Lievtenant
for
securing
the
Frontires
,
he
retired
into
Capadocia
;
but
in
his
absence
his
Lievtenant
was
routed
by
the
Turkish
Army
which
the
Emperor
understanding
at
Sabestia
,
he
sent
the
Governour
of
Antioch
with
part
of
his
Army
to
oppose
them
at
Mopsiphestia
,
but
they
before
were
broken
by
the
Armenians
,
who
had
took
from
them
the
rich
Booties
they
had
acquired
by
the
Sacks
of
many
Cities
.
And
thus
this
Emperour
continued
to
defend
the
Roman
Provinces
with
great
Success
against
the
powerful
Forces
of
a
furious
Adversary
all
the
Reign
of
Tangrolipix
the
first
Turkish
Sultan
of
Persia
.
CHAP.
II.
The
Reign
and
Memorable
Atchievements
of
Axan
the
second
Turkish
King
or
Sultan
of
Persia
.
The
Division
of
the
Turkish
Monarcby
,
and
the
Expedition
of
the
Christians
unto
the
Holy
Land
,
in
order
to
regain
it
from
the
Turks
.
TAngrolipix
being
dead
,
his
Son
Axan
was
chosen
by
the
general
Consent
of
the
Souldiery
,
Sultan
in
his
stead
,
who
sent
his
Ambassadors
immediately
upon
his
Election
to
the
Emperor
Diogenes
to
conclude
a
Peace
,
but
some
of
his
Counsellers
perswaded
him
that
thereby
the
Turk
only
sought
to
gain
time
till
he
could
increase
his
Army
,
insomuch
that
the
Treaty
broke
off
abruptly
,
though
in
an
ill
time
,
for
the
Emperor
had
sent
away
part
of
his
Army
,
yet
was
he
spurred
on
to
ingage
the
Turks
by
such
of
his
Predecessors
Relations
as
envied
his
Greatness
,
and
after
Battle
joyned
,
the
Turks
retiring
,
the
Emperor
supposed
they
did
it
to
fetch
a
Compass
,
in
order
to
surprize
his
Camp
,
and
thereupon
himself
caused
a
Retreat
to
be
sounded
,
which
John
Ducas
his
Predecessor's
Brother
and
his
Caesar
,
under
whose
command
a
great
part
of
the
Army
was
,
perceiving
,
laid
hold
of
that
opportunity
to
ruin
the
Emperor
by
,
turned
Tail
and
commanded
a
Retreat
to
be
sounded
,
which
created
so
general
a
fear
in
the
Army
,
that
they
fled
in
all
Parts
,
the
Emperor
not
being
able
to
stay
their
flight
,
which
unexpected
advantage
the
Sultan
perceiving
,
charged
with
fury
upon
the
Christians
;
so
that
the
Emperor
fighting
with
a
brave
resolution
amongst
the
thickest
Squadrons
,
was
at
last
taken
Prisoner
,
together
with
several
of
his
great
Commanders
after
several
wounds
received
,
yet
comforted
by
the
Sultan
,
and
within
a
while
honourably
dismiss'd
,
when
during
the
time
of
his
Captivity
John
Ducas
his
Caesar
,
Psellus
one
of
the
Senators
,
and
other
of
the
Faction
had
thrust
the
Empress
into
a
Monastery
,
and
proclaimed
Michael
Ducas
her
Eldest
Son
Emperor
,
and
when
they
heard
that
the
Emperor
Diogenes
was
at
liberty
,
they
sent
out
Letters
to
the
Lievtenants
of
the
Provinces
to
apprehend
him
which
made
him
gather
a
great
Power
,
but
being
discomfitted
by
Andronicus
the
Eldest
Son
of
John
Ducas
,
he
was
forced
to
resign
his
Claim
to
the
Empire
;
nor
were
his
Enemies
content
with
that
,
but
afterward
put
out
his
eyes
in
such
sort
that
he
died
miserably
.
To
revenge
which
by
reason
of
a
perpetual
League
made
at
his
dismission
,
the
Sultan
with
great
Forces
invaded
the
Roman
Provinces
,
whereupon
several
Battels
were
fought
with
various
Success
;
in
which
the
Caesar
and
Roselius
the
Emperor's
Lievtenant
were
taken
,
but
both
ransomed
,
the
former
by
the
Emperor
,
the
latter
by
his
Wife
.
The
Affairs
between
the
Empire
and
Sultan
of
Persia
being
at
this
pass
gave
Cuthu
Muses
opportunity
to
strengthen
himself
,
insomuch
that
resolving
to
cast
a
Hazard
for
the
Persian
Dominion
,
he
drew
his
Army
into
the
Field
,
near
the
City
of
Eres
,
to
encounter
which
the
Sultan
likewise
drew
forth
his
;
but
(
fatal
to
Christendom
)
just
as
they
were
about
to
give
Battel
,
the
Caliph
of
Babylon
,
who
as
Priest
of
Mahomet
,
was
held
in
great
Esteem
amongst
the
Infidels
,
came
running
between
either
Army
,
and
conjured
them
not
to
weaken
the
Religion
of
their
great
Prophet
by
shedding
each
others
blood
,
but
rather
stand
to
his
award
;
the
which
they
having
consented
to
do
,
he
instantly
decreed
that
the
Sultan
should
quietly
enjoy
what
ever
he
possessed
,
and
that
his
Couzen
aided
by
him
should
possess
in
himself
and
Posterity
whatsoever
should
thenceforward
be
gained
from
the
Christians
,
upon
which
the
Christians
were
on
all
sides
invaded
by
the
Turks
and
Sarazens
,
their
own
Divisions
in
many
Parts
rendring
them
easie
to
be
subdued
:
So
that
the
Turkish
Empire
spreading
wide
,
the
Christians
were
grievously
oppressed
,
especially
in
the
Holy
Land
,
which
caused
them
to
send
a
Letter
filled
with
Lamentations
,
by
one
Peter
a
Hermit
to
Pope
Vrban
the
Second
,
who
taking
their
sufferings
into
consideration
,
called
a
Council
at
Charemont
in
France
,
at
which
were
present
upwards
of
three
hundred
Bishops
,
besides
several
Princes
;
when
to
stir
them
up
,
he
caused
the
Patriarch
of
Jerusalem's
Letter
,
and
other
Letters
to
be
publickly
read
;
as
likewise
ordered
the
Hermit
to
relate
the
deplorable
state
of
the
Christians
,
suffering
under
the
cruelty
of
the
Infidels
,
which
with
such
Eloquence
and
feeling
commiseration
he
delivered
,
that
it
moved
the
hearts
of
all
present
;
nor
was
the
Pope
himself
wanting
to
exhort
them
to
stir
up
the
Christian
Princes
to
undertake
a
War
for
the
deliverance
of
the
Eastern
Christians
,
which
was
so
effectually
ordered
,
that
within
a
short
time
an
Army
of
300000
men
were
raised
,
wearing
on
their
breasts
red
Crosses
,
under
the
Lead
of
Godfry
of
Bulloin
,
Duke
of
Lorrain
,
and
his
two
Brothers
Eustace
and
Baldwin
,
Hugh
the
French
King's
Brother
,
Raymond
and
Robert
Earls
of
Flanders
,
Robert
Duke
of
Normandy
,
Son
to
the
Conqueror
,
Stephen
Devalois
,
Earl
of
Chartiers
,
Ademar
the
Pope's
Legate
,
Bishop
of
Podie
,
with
many
other
honourable
Princes
and
expert
Warriours
,
who
passing
through
part
of
the
Greek
Empire
,
with
a
Promise
from
Alexus
the
Emperor
,
that
they
should
be
from
time
to
time
provided
with
necessaries
,
they
passed
over
the
Hellespont
with
their
Armies
,
covering
the
Shores
of
Asia
to
the
great
Terror
of
the
Turks
and
Sarazens
,
who
notwithstanding
to
oppose
the
Tempest
of
War
,
which
from
Europe
threatned
their
overthrow
;
they
gathered
huge
Forces
,
and
falling
upon
part
of
Peter
the
Hermit's
Army
,
which
was
too
far
advanced
before
the
rest
of
the
Princes
,
and
consisted
of
forty
thousand
men
raised
in
the
Territories
of
the
Church
,
they
cut
them
off
,
and
caused
him
with
the
remainder
to
betake
himself
to
Civite
,
a
Town
before
abandoned
by
the
Turks
,
where
he
stayed
till
the
Arrival
of
Duke
Godfry
.
This
Loss
inspired
the
Christians
with
rage
and
desire
of
revenge
,
so
far
that
they
made
a
terrible
destruction
in
all
places
,
when
in
their
Progress
they
had
notice
that
Cutlu
Muses
the
most
politick
Prince
of
the
Turks
was
dead
,
and
had
left
large
Dominions
to
his
Son
Solyman
,
of
the
Proceedings
during
whose
Reign
I
shall
treat
in
the
following
Chapter
.
CHAP.
III.
The
Reign
of
Solyman
Son
to
Cutlu
Muses
,
his
Wars
with
the
Christians
,
their
taking
of
Jerusalem
from
the
Infidels
,
their
various
Success
in
the
Holy
Land
against
the
Turks
,
Sarazens
,
&c.
CVtlu
Muses
Nephew
to
Tangrolipix
having
as
aforesaid
accorded
with
the
Sultan
by
the
means
of
the
Babylonish
Caliph
,
he
by
his
Aid
won
many
Provinces
from
the
Christians
,
which
were
now
left
in
the
possession
of
his
Son
Solyman
.
The
Christian
Army
resolved
to
recover
them
again
if
possible
,
and
he
as
obstinately
to
defend
what
he
had
in
possession
:
So
that
gathering
huge
Forces
with
which
he
approach'd
Nicea
where
the
Christian
Army
lay
in
Leaguer
,
Anno
1097.
and
after
on
the
Fifth
of
July
took
it
,
having
spent
fifty
days
in
the
Siege
,
but
were
well
recompensed
by
the
rich
Booties
they
found
in
it
,
and
amongst
the
rest
Solyman's
Wife
and
two
Children
,
which
they
sent
Prisoners
to
Constantinople
;
yet
the
bad
Success
put
not
a
stop
to
the
advancement
of
Solyman
with
the
whole
power
of
the
lesser
Asia
,
consisting
of
60000
Horse
and
Foot
;
So
that
within
a
short
space
the
Battle
began
with
great
fury
on
both
sides
,
the
Christians
eager
to
revenge
their
Fellows
so
lately
slain
,
and
the
Turks
to
secure
their
Country
,
made
horrible
slaughter
,
but
after
a
long
and
obstinate
fight
,
where
nothing
but
blood
and
slaughter
appeared
,
nor
nothing
but
cries
and
dying
groans
to
be
heard
,
the
Turks
were
put
to
flight
;
the
Christians
following
the
Execution
,
so
that
40000
of
them
fell
in
the
Battel
and
pursuit
.
Though
Solyman
flying
with
the
remainder
of
his
broken
Army
,
gave
out
that
himself
had
Victory
on
his
side
,
the
less
to
dismay
his
Subjects
;
yet
so
far
the
Terror
of
the
Christians
wrought
,
that
the
Infidels
fled
into
fenced
Cities
,
leaving
the
Villages
desolate
;
whereupon
they
besieged
Antioch
,
which
with
little
difficulty
they
subdued
,
being
joyfully
received
by
the
Christians
there
dwelling
;
next
Iconium
and
Heraclea
,
two
Cities
of
note
surrendred
upon
Summons
.
Solyman
still
flying
before
the
Victors
,
and
duly
sending
Letters
to
his
Couzen
Axan
the
Persian
Sultan
for
Aid
;
but
he
not
being
able
to
supply
him
against
such
powerful
Opponents
,
the
Christians
recovered
all
that
had
been
torn
from
the
Greek
Empire
,
the
which
according
to
their
Contract
made
with
the
Emperor
they
restored
.
The
Princes
thus
Victorious
in
Asia
,
called
a
Council
,
in
which
it
was
decreed
that
an
Oath
should
be
administred
as
well
to
the
Princes
Commanders
as
to
the
common
Soldiers
,
that
none
should
return
till
they
had
won
Jerusalem
,
which
was
joyfully
embraced
.
And
now
the
Turks
perceiving
they
were
no
ways
able
to
oppose
the
Christians
in
open
fight
,
endeavoured
to
surprise
and
cut
off
as
many
as
they
might
by
Ambushment
,
and
therefore
sent
several
stragling
Troops
to
face
Antioch
,
upon
which
the
Flemins
sallied
and
followed
hard
till
within
the
danger
of
the
Ambush
,
where
they
had
been
inevitably
lost
,
had
not
the
Citizens
,
who
were
Christians
,
timely
come
in
to
their
assistance
,
and
put
the
Turks
to
flight
,
and
then
the
Armies
drawing
forth
,
marched
as
far
as
the
River
Orontes
before
they
met
with
any
resistance
,
but
there
the
Turks
had
fortified
the
Bridge
and
Banks
on
the
other
side
,
but
being
overwhelmed
with
showers
of
English
Arrows
sent
from
the
Squadron
commanded
by
Robert
Duke
of
Normandy
,
they
soon
gave
ground
,
and
left
the
Passage
open
,
and
so
the
Princes
passing
the
River
,
came
to
the
other
Antioch
in
Syria
,
of
which
one
Cassianu
was
Governour
,
to
the
Relief
of
which
the
Turks
came
with
an
Army
of
100000
Horse
and
Foot
,
but
were
repulsed
by
the
Christians
,
and
returned
with
20000
less
than
they
brought
;
so
that
the
City
on
the
third
day
of
June
,
1098.
was
secretly
and
contrary
to
the
knowledge
of
the
Governour
delivered
by
one
Phirrus
to
Prince
Bohemund
of
Tarentum
,
who
furiously
entering
a
dismal
slaughter
ensued
,
insomuch
that
the
Streets
run
with
blood
.
The
Governour
upon
notice
of
what
had
hapned
fled
,
but
falling
into
the
hand
of
the
Armenians
that
were
expelled
Jerusalem
,
he
was
slain
.
The
loss
of
Antioch
being
made
known
to
Corbanus
the
Persian
Sultan's
Lievetenant
,
as
he
lay
before
Edessa
,
he
raised
the
Sige
,
and
with
all
his
Forces
marched
towards
Antioch
,
resolving
to
put
all
upon
the
Hazard
of
a
Battle
,
against
whom
the
Princes
drew
out
their
Strengths
,
leaving
the
Earl
of
Tholous
with
a
competent
number
to
secure
the
City
from
a
revolt
,
by
reason
the
Turks
still
held
the
Castle
,
and
after
a
long
and
doubtful
fight
overthrowing
with
such
incredible
slaughter
of
his
men
,
that
all
the
Valleys
were
filled
with
blood
and
bodies
of
the
slain
,
100000
Turks
being
adjudged
to
fall
in
that
Battel
,
and
not
above
4000
Christians
,
and
the
next
day
they
took
5000
Cammels
with
their
lading
,
as
also
a
new
Castle
built
but
the
year
before
by
the
aforesaid
Lievtenant
.
And
thus
conquering
they
passed
on
taking
several
Cities
of
note
till
they
came
within
the
view
of
Jerusalem
,
upon
sight
of
which
they
shouted
so
loud
,
that
all
the
Country
resounded
with
the
joyful
Acclamations
,
and
with
their
hands
and
eyes
extended
towards
Heaven
,
they
called
upon
the
name
of
Jesus
,
and
many
in
humility
to
the
place
where
our
Blessed
Lord
had
so
often
preached
his
Gospel
,
fell
to
the
Ground
and
kissed
it
with
great
Affection
,
making
fresh
Vows
never
to
leave
the
City
till
they
had
delivered
it
from
the
Infidels
;
but
their
strength
was
much
impaired
by
reason
of
a
Pestilence
that
had
the
Autumn
before
hapned
in
the
Army
;
yet
in
a
Council
of
the
Princes
and
chief
Commanders
,
it
was
resolved
that
the
Siege
should
immediately
be
begun
,
and
carried
on
with
all
the
vigour
imaginable
.
The
Governour
having
notice
of
the
Christians
approach
,
and
what
was
intended
,
delayed
not
to
prepare
all
things
that
might
conduce
to
the
making
a
strenuous
defence
,
having
a
little
before
received
a
strong
recruit
of
able
Soldiers
,
and
a
supply
of
all
things
necessary
;
yet
the
Christians
after
having
got
what
knowledge
they
could
of
the
state
of
Affairs
within
the
City
,
sat
down
before
it
on
the
North
,
for
towards
the
East
and
the
West
the
broken
Rocks
and
shattered
Hills
render
it
very
incommodious
.
Next
the
Wall
incamped
Godfry
Duke
of
Lorrain
with
his
Germans
and
Lorainers
,
near
unto
him
on
the
right
pitched
their
Tents
Robert
Duke
of
Normandy
,
and
the
Earl
of
Flanders
,
before
the
West
Gate
lay
incamped
Tancreed
,
and
the
Earl
of
Tholous
.
Bohemund
and
Baldwin
being
absent
,
the
one
remaining
King
at
Antioch
,
and
the
other
Governour
of
Edassa
.
The
Christians
having
refreshed
themselves
,
it
was
concluded
amongst
the
Princes
,
that
the
fifth
day
the
Assault
should
be
given
,
which
accordingly
was
done
with
such
bravery
,
that
the
Turks
were
beaten
from
their
Defences
and
miserably
slaughtered
by
the
shot
of
the
Archers
;
but
they
wanting
scaling
Ladders
,
and
the
weather
being
exceeding
hot
,
the
retreat
was
sounded
,
but
being
desirous
of
nothing
more
than
winning
the
City
,
five
days
after
they
gave
it
another
fierce
Assault
,
which
made
the
Walls
to
tremble
,
nothing
that
Policy
or
Valour
could
afford
being
wanting
on
the
part
of
the
Christians
,
but
scarcity
of
Water
afflicting
them
with
drought
,
and
the
excessive
heat
of
the
Weather
frustrated
this
second
Attempt
;
for
the
Enemy
had
either
stopped
up
or
poysoned
all
the
Wells
about
the
City
,
unless
that
of
Siloe
,
whose
Water
had
worked
out
the
Poison
,
and
was
become
wholesome
,
but
that
yielded
not
half
enough
to
suffice
the
Army
.
During
the
time
that
the
Christians
besieged
Jerusalem
,
a
Fleet
of
Genoeses
arrived
at
Joppa
,
where
having
notice
that
a
far
greater
Fleet
of
the
Egyptian
Sultans
lay
at
Ascalon
with
an
intent
to
relieve
the
besieged
,
they
after
having
taken
out
all
things
necessary
,
sunk
their
Gallies
,
and
marched
over
land
to
the
Camp
,
where
they
became
very
serviceable
in
making
Engines
for
Assault
,
and
moving
Towers
covered
with
raw
Hides
to
prevent
their
being
fired
,
one
of
which
they
set
to
the
Walls
,
and
from
it
greatly
annoyed
the
besieged
,
which
they
perceiving
prepared
to
set
it
on
fire
,
but
the
wind
favouring
the
Christians
,
drove
i●
full
in
the
besiegers
face
,
insomuch
that
the
Duke
of
Lorrain
with
his
German
Foot
getting
upon
the
Engine
beat
the
Turks
and
Sarazens
from
the
Wall
with
great
slaughter
,
and
leaping
thereon
fixed
his
Standard
,
keeping
his
Ground
,
though
the
Enemies
shot
flew
as
thick
as
Hail
,
which
venturous
Attempt
so
encouraged
the
rest
of
the
Princes
,
that
they
pressed
on
with
great
fury
,
insomuch
that
a
terrible
slaughter
ensued
,
the
Souldiers
in
their
rage
sparing
neither
Man
,
Woman
,
nor
Child
,
which
made
the
most
couragious
of
the
Turks
,
Sarazens
,
and
Jews
retire
to
Solomon's
Temple
;
in
the
Entrance
whereof
they
maintain'd
a
bloody
and
obstinate
fight
,
spreading
all
the
Pavement
with
the
bodies
of
the
slain
,
and
bedewing
it
with
streams
of
blood
,
and
so
eager
were
the
Christians
to
charge
the
Infidels
,
that
they
for
haste
thrust
one
another
upon
the
Enemies
Weapons
;
yet
after
great
slaughter
they
gave
back
and
betook
them
to
the
Vaults
on
the
top
of
the
Temple
,
from
whence
they
defended
themselves
till
the
fury
of
the
Christians
was
over
,
and
a
Trumpet
sounded
to
give
Quarter
,
upon
which
they
yielded
,
and
had
their
Lives
spared
.
Thus
was
the
Famous
City
of
Jerusalem
retaken
by
the
Christians
in
30
days
,
Anno
1099.
after
it
had
remained
in
the
hands
of
the
barbarous
Infidels
for
the
space
of
409
years
,
and
so
great
was
the
joy
conceived
by
the
Christians
,
who
inhabited
it
,
and
had
suffered
miserable
Persecution
under
the
Turks
,
that
they
embraced
the
Souldiers
,
weeping
for
gladness
,
and
every
where
singing
praises
for
their
deliverance
.
Things
being
at
this
pass
,
the
Princes
consulted
amongst
themselves
whom
to
constitute
King
of
the
Holy
City
,
and
after
some
deliberation
thought
none
fitter
than
the
valiant
Duke
of
Normandy
,
but
he
hearing
of
his
Brothers
death
declined
it
,
as
desirous
to
return
and
take
possession
of
his
Kingdom
of
England
,
but
at
his
return
found
it
possessed
by
his
younger
Brother
Henry
,
who
not
only
deprived
him
of
his
Kingdom
,
but
soon
after
of
his
Dutchy
of
Normandy
:
And
finally
of
his
life
,
by
putting
out
his
eyes
,
which
many
held
as
a
Judgment
for
his
refusing
the
Scepter
of
Jerusalem
.
Upon
the
Duke's
declining
,
the
Princes
unanimously
chose
Godfry
of
Bolloin
,
Duke
of
Lorain
,
who
accepted
the
honourable
and
glorious
Trust
,
but
at
the
time
of
his
Inauguration
refused
to
be
crowned
with
a
Crown
of
Gold
,
saying
,
that
it
became
not
a
Christian
to
wear
a
Crown
of
Gold
,
where
Christ
the
Son
of
God
had
for
the
Salvation
of
mankind
sometime
worn
a
Crown
of
Thorns
;
but
long
he
had
not
injoyed
his
new
acquired
Dignity
e'r
News
was
brought
that
100000
Turks
,
Sarazens
,
and
Jews
were
upon
their
march
to
recover
the
City
,
against
whom
the
Christian
Army
advanced
and
gave
them
battle
with
so
fearful
an
overthrow
that
all
the
Field
and
Plains
for
the
space
of
ten
miles
were
covered
with
the
bodies
of
the
slain
,
and
then
passing
on
won
many
famous
Cities
,
every
where
putting
the
Infidels
to
the
rout
,
but
not
long
after
a
great
Mortality
happening
,
the
Heroick
Godfry
King
of
Jerusalem
died
,
and
was
interred
in
the
Church
of
the
Sepulcher
of
our
Saviour
on
Mount
Calvery
:
And
Baldwin
Count
of
Edassa
his
Brother
succeeded
him
,
who
with
many
Victories
and
Cities
taken
,
much
inlarged
the
Territories
of
Jerusalem
;
but
besieging
the
City
of
Ptolemais
,
he
was
in
a
Skirmish
with
those
Turks
wounded
,
yet
took
the
City
,
and
lived
many
years
after
,
but
the
wound
being
as
was
supposed
given
with
an
impoysoned
weapon
,
and
not
pertectly
cured
,
he
died
thereof
in
the
eighteenth
year
of
his
Reign
,
and
was
most
favourably
buried
by
his
Brother
,
his
Sepulcher
remaining
yet
visible
.
After
him
succeeded
his
Couzen
Baldwin
Brugenses
,
against
whom
the
Caliph
of
Egypt
aided
by
the
King
of
Damasco
,
and
the
Turks
came
with
a
great
Army
,
but
they
returned
without
effecting
any
thing
;
yet
not
long
after
Gazi
the
greatest
Prince
of
the
Turks
in
the
lesser
Asia
,
aided
by
the
King
of
Damasco
,
and
Debeis
King
of
Arabia
came
against
Antioch
with
a
great
power
,
and
incamped
at
Aleppo
,
against
whom
Roger
Prince
of
Antioch
advanced
without
staying
for
King
Baldwin
,
who
was
on
his
march
with
a
great
Army
,
and
unadvisedly
joyning
battel
,
his
Army
was
overthrown
,
and
himself
slain
;
but
King
Baldwin
coming
upon
the
Turks
grown
secure
by
reason
of
their
new
acquired
Victory
,
put
them
to
the
rout
far
and
near
,
filling
all
the
Plains
with
the
bodies
of
the
slain
;
but
within
a
while
after
,
encountring
with
Balac
General
of
the
Persian
Sultan's
Army
,
he
was
taken
prisoner
,
and
his
Army
overthrown
;
but
after
eighteen
Months
imprisonment
,
for
the
Ransom
of
100000
Ducats
set
at
liberty
,
and
afterwards
obtained
many
signal
Victories
over
the
Infidels
;
and
in
his
Reign
was
setled
the
order
of
the
Knights
Templers
,
Hugh
Paganus
being
the
first
great
Master
of
that
Order
;
but
King
Baldwin
the
Second
being
tired
and
disordered
with
the
many
battels
,
and
having
received
many
wounds
,
after
he
had
married
Margaret
his
Eldest
Daughter
to
Foulk
Duke
of
Turin
,
Anjoy
and
Mayn
,
fell
sick
in
the
thirteenth
year
of
his
Reign
,
Anno
1131.
and
constituting
his
Son
in
Law
to
succeed
him
,
gave
up
the
Ghost
,
and
was
buried
in
the
Temple
upon
Mount
Calvery
near
his
Predecessors
.
After
the
death
of
Baldwin
Foulk
was
crowned
King
of
Jerusalem
,
viz.
on
the
Sixth
of
September
,
Anno
1131.
by
William
the
Patriark
;
but
the
Devil
envying
the
spreading
of
the
Christian
Religion
,
endeavoured
to
stir
up
Division
amongst
the
Christians
,
in
the
beginning
of
this
King's
Reign
;
for
Pontius
Count
of
Tripolis
by
force
of
Arms
endeavoured
to
rend
the
City
and
Territories
of
Antioch
from
the
Kingdom
of
Jerusalem
,
and
Hugh
Count
of
Joppa
being
highly
concerned
in
the
Treason
for
fear
of
punishment
joyned
with
the
Sarazens
that
held
the
strong
City
of
Ascalon
,
but
God
prevented
the
mischief
that
thereby
might
have
ensued
,
by
taking
the
former
away
by
the
Sword
of
the
Turks
,
and
the
latter
being
driven
out
of
Ascalon
,
died
in
Exile
,
the
very
Heathens
abhorring
a
Traytor
.
These
stirs
were
no
sooner
over
,
but
the
Turks
invaded
Antioch
with
a
powerful
Army
;
but
the
King
coming
suddainly
upon
them
,
put
them
to
flight
with
much
slaughter
,
and
got
in
the
plundring
of
their
Camp
great
Riches
.
After
which
John
the
Creek
Emperor
raised
a
great
power
to
seize
upon
Antioch
,
pretending
it
a
part
of
his
Empire
;
but
the
Kings
of
Europe
interposing
,
he
was
content
it
should
be
holden
by
the
present
Prince
the
Earl
of
Poictou
,
he
paying
him
Homage
for
his
Principality
;
but
being
a
man
of
a
restless
Spirit
,
he
soon
after
came
again
with
a
powerful
Army
,
thinking
to
have
admittance
into
the
City
,
and
so
to
surprize
it
,
but
found
his
expectations
frustrate
,
for
the
Citizens
would
not
admit
him
to
enter
,
unless
with
some
few
of
his
Followers
,
in
reveage
of
which
he
caused
the
Suburbs
to
be
sacked
,
and
so
returned
into
Cilicia
,
where
hunting
a
Boar
,
whilst
the
furious
Beast
pressed
on
the
Spear
the
Emperor
held
against
him
,
the
Emperor's
hand
pressed
upon
the
point
of
a
poysono●s
A●●o●●
he
had
in
his
Quiver
,
which
entring
the
flesh
,
the
force
of
the
poyson
was
such
,
that
in
great
pain
he
shortly
died
,
upon
which
Emanuel
Elexus
his
Son
was
chosen
in
his
stead
.
Jerusalem
by
this
means
being
●t
pea●e
,
the
King
,
Queen
,
and
many
great
Commanders
went
without
the
Walls
to
take
the
Air
,
when
there
●●●nced
a
Hare
to
be
started
,
after
which
the
King
and
those
that
accompanied
him
rid
,
and
he
forcing
his
Horse
he
fell
:
so
that
the
King's
head
fell
under
him
,
of
which
mortal
bruise
he
in
three
days
dyed
in
great
torment
,
viz.
on
the
thirteenth
of
November
,
Anno
1142.
and
was
bu●ied
by
his
Predecessors
,
greatly
lamented
of
all
good
Christians
,
and
after
him
succeeded
Baldwin
his
Son
,
the
third
of
that
name
,
he
being
about
thirteen
years
of
Age
,
and
in
his
Reign
came
Conrade
the
Third
,
Emperor
of
Germany
with
a
powerful
Army
to
the
Assistance
of
the
Christians
in
Syria
,
who
by
the
way
being
opposed
by
the
Turks
at
the
River
Meander
gave
them
battel
and
overthrew
them
with
the
slaughter
of
30000
of
the
Enemy
,
so
that
the
River
for
many
miles
ran
〈◊〉
,
and
then
marching
forward
,
without
the
least
Impeachment
,
came
to
Iconium
,
the
Chief
Seat
of
the
T●●k●sh
Kings
in
the
lesser
Asia
,
which
he
besieged
;
but
it
being
strongly
fortified
and
Want
increasing
,
in
the
Camp
a
Mortality
hap●ned
which
destroyed
so
many
of
the
Souldiers
,
that
the
Emperor
was
forced
to
raise
his
Siege
and
to
return
home
.
The
occasion
of
this
〈◊〉
was
said
to
be
occasioned
by
eating
of
Meal
,
which
the
〈◊〉
Emperor
upon
their
passing
through
his
Dominions
,
had
caused
to
be
mingled
with
Lime
,
〈◊〉
no
less
envying
the
success
of
the
Christians
in
Syria
〈◊〉
the
Turks
,
and
by
such
like
Treacheries
he
frustrated
〈◊〉
Expedition
of
Lewis
the
Eighth
King
of
France
,
who
after
a
long
Siege
lay'd
to
Damasco
,
without
pre●●●●
〈…〉
it
,
was
forced
to
return
with
half
his
Ar●●
,
〈…〉
half
being
through
want
and
diseases
lost
.
But
〈…〉
to
Baldwin
King
of
Jerusalem
,
after
he
had
given
the
Turks
and
Sarazens
several
Overthrows
,
〈…〉
Pe●●●d
,
fortified
Gaza
,
and
taken
all
the
〈…〉
held
in
the
Terrirories
of
Jerusalem
〈…〉
accorded
a
Marriage
with
the
Greek
Emperor's
●iece
,
which
Emperor
in
requital
thereof
,
desired
in
Marriage
one
of
the
King
's
near
Kinswomen
;
whereupon
he
offered
him
Mathildas
,
an
honorable
Lad●●●●ter
to
the
Count
of
Tripolis
,
but
he
refusing
her
,
and
taking
Mary
the
Daughter
of
Raymund
Earl
of
A●t●●ch
,
the
Count
was
greatly
displeased
,
and
with
certain
Ships
of
War
greatly
infested
the
Emperors
Territories
,
and
upon
the
King
's
coming
to
Antioch
to
solemnize
the
Marriage
,
he
was
supposed
to
be
poysoned
by
one
Barac
a
Jew
,
the
Counts
Physician
,
for
he
taking
●●ysick
to
prevent
Winter
sickness
,
immediately
fell
into
a
bloody
Flux
,
and
afterwards
a
Consumption
,
of
which
he
died
at
Beritus
,
Anno
1163.
when
he
had
reigned
prosperously
21
years
,
being
generally
lamented
of
his
Friends
and
Enemies
,
Noridan
the
Turkish
General
and
King
of
Damasco
declaring
that
the
world
afforded
not
his
Peer
.
During
these
stirs
in
Syria
,
Sultan
Solyman
,
and
Mahomet
his
Successor
being
dead
,
Mansal
having
upon
the
overthrow
of
the
Greek
Emperor's
Army
grasped
the
Scepter
of
Persia
,
divided
his
Dominions
at
his
death
between
his
three
Sons
,
viz.
to
Clizasthilon
his
Eldest
he
gave
Persia
with
the
Towns
and
Provinces
thereunto
appertaining
;
to
Jagupasan
his
Second
Son
he
gave
Amasa
and
〈◊〉
,
with
the
fruitful
Country
of
Cappadocia
,
and
to
Da●i●n
and
his
Third
Son
gave
he
the
Cities
of
〈◊〉
and
S●bastia
,
which
Division
caused
a
greater
amongst
the
Brethren
;
so
that
mortal
hate
ins●ed
,
which
〈◊〉
heels
brought
an
Intestine
War
;
the
Elder
who
bore
the
name
of
Sultan
seeking
to
destroy
and
dispossess
the
two
younger
,
which
intestine
broyls
the
Greek
Emanuel
sought
to
augment
,
covertly
assisting
them
both
,
that
they
by
rending
the
Persian
Monarchy
might
give
him
an
easie
means
to
recover
what
had
been
dismembred
from
his
Empire
;
but
finding
the
Sultan
powerful
,
he
supposed
it
best
to
side
with
him
openly
,
which
he
doing
by
that
means
,
Jagupasan
was
overthrown
in
a
bloody
and
doubtful
battel
,
and
he
flying
into
Arabia
,
had
all
his
Dominions
seized
,
upon
which
an
enterview
was
had
between
the
Sultan
and
the
Emperor
,
wherein
a
Peace
was
concluded
between
those
Potentates
,
the
former
promising
at
his
return
to
take
Caesaria
and
Sebastia
from
Dadune
,
and
deliver
them
to
the
Emperor
;
the
former
part
of
this
promise
he
performs
,
viz.
the
taking
the
Cities
,
but
the
latter
part
of
restoring
them
,
as
he
never
intended
,
so
he
never
performed
,
but
forgetting
all
former
curtesies
,
invaded
the
Imperial
Provinces
with
Fire
and
Sword
,
doing
great
mischief
,
taking
by
storm
Laodicea
in
Phrygia
,
upon
which
the
Emperor
passed
the
Hellespont
with
a
great
Army
,
and
fortified
Dorileum
and
Subleum
,
with
other
strong
Holds
,
to
hinder
the
Inroads
of
the
Turks
;
nevertheless
they
ceased
not
to
infest
his
Frontiers
,
whereupon
the
Emperor
grievously
complained
of
the
Sultan's
Ingratitude
and
breach
of
Promise
,
and
he
on
the
other
side
of
his
breach
of
League
,
in
fortifying
the
Frontier
Towns
;
whereupon
the
Emperor
raised
the
whole
power
of
his
Empire
,
resolving
to
rase
Iconium
marching
with
his
whole
Army
,
Phrygia
,
Laodicea
,
Chonas
,
and
other
Countries
,
the
Turks
keeping
aloof
,
as
not
daring
to
give
him
●atr●●
;
but
the
Sultan
sent
his
Ambassadors
with
offers
of
Peace
,
but
the
Emperor
driven
head-long
on
as
it
were
by
the
Destinies
,
trusting
his
power
,
slighted
all
his
Proposals
,
willing
the
Ambassadors
to
tell
their
Master
,
he
would
give
him
answer
under
the
Walls
of
Iconium
;
whereupon
order
was
given
to
the
Turks
to
impoyson
the
Well
,
and
destroy
all
Corn
and
Forrage
by
the
way
the
Emperor
should
pass
,
which
was
accordingly
put
in
Execution
;
so
that
by
such
means
many
of
the
Soldiers
and
some
prime
Commanders
died
;
and
further
they
fortified
the
Straights
of
Zibri●●
,
through
which
the
Christians
were
to
pass
upon
their
departure
from
Myria-Cephalon
,
which
are
seven
narrow
Valleys
of
five
miles
long
each
,
over
which
hang
Rocks
,
craggy
Clifts
and
Mountains
,
that
almost
touch
at
the
top
,
yet
through
these
the
Emperor
would
needs
pass
,
though
he
had
notice
that
the
Turks
●●d
strongly
possessed
themselves
of
the
said
Valleys
,
having
first
divided
his
Army
into
three
Battalia's
;
but
he
was
no
sooner
entred
,
but
the
Turks
appeared
upon
the
Rocks
and
Mountains
on
every
side
,
sending
showers
of
poysonous
Arrows
upon
the
Imperialists
,
themselves
remaining
as
it
were
secure
under
the
shelter
of
the
Rock
,
insomuch
that
e'r
he
had
got
through
,
three
parts
of
his
Army
were
destroyed
,
filling
the
Valleys
with
blood
,
and
the
Carcasses
of
the
slain
;
but
in
the
middle
of
his
distress
,
it
pleased
God
,
to
move
the
Sultan
to
pity
him
,
and
conclude
a
Peace
on
condition
that
the
fortified
Towns
should
be
rased
,
and
so
dismissed
him
with
the
remainder
of
his
broken
Army
;
but
after
repenting
that
he
had
suffered
his
Enemy
to
escape
his
hand
,
permitted
such
as
would
to
fall
upon
his
Rear
,
by
which
means
many
were
slain
,
yet
at
last
he
arrived
at
Chovas
in
his
own
Territories
,
and
caused
Subleum
to
be
rased
,
but
not
the
other
Towns
,
whereupon
the
Sultan
complained
of
the
non-performance
of
the
Articles
,
but
receiving
no
satisfaction
to
his
mind
,
he
sent
Atapatch
one
of
his
great
Captains
with
an
Army
of
2400
Horse
and
Foot
to
destroy
the
Emperor's
Territories
,
even
to
the
Sea-side
,
and
in
token
thereof
to
bring
an
Oar
,
some
of
the
Sea
water
,
and
Sea
Sand
,
which
the
said
Captain
undertook
,
spoyling
Phrygia
,
and
all
the
Cities
upon
the
Banks
of
the
River
Meander
,
taking
a
great
Spoyl
,
but
in
his
return
he
was
met
withal
by
John
Bataza
,
the
Emperor's
Nephew
,
and
Ducase
Constantine
,
who
setting
upon
him
about
to
pass
the
Meander
,
destroyed
him
and
all
his
Army
,
recovering
the
rich
Booty
.
And
thus
the
Emperor
Emanuel
passed
over
in
continual
Wars
,
yet
by
so
doing
he
gave
the
Christians
in
Syria
rest
,
who
after
he
had
sat
Emperor
for
the
space
of
thirty
eight
years
died
,
leaving
Alexius
Comnenus
his
Son
,
a
Child
of
twelve
years
of
Age
to
Reign
in
his
stead
under
the
protection
of
the
Empress
,
both
of
which
were
barbarously
murdered
by
Andronicus
the
deceased
Emperor's
Couzen
,
who
proved
so
inhuman
and
unmerciful
,
that
one
Isaac
Angelius
,
whom
he
designed
to
murther
,
caused
the
Citizens
to
mutiny
against
him
,
and
put
him
to
a
shameful
death
himself
,
being
afterwards
chosen
Emperor
in
his
stead
;
but
he
reigned
not
long
,
for
proving
almost
as
Tyrannical
as
the
former
,
he
was
deposed
,
and
his
Brother
Alexius
chosen
to
succeed
him
,
who
getting
him
into
his
power
to
make
all
safe
,
put
out
his
eyes
,
and
thrust
him
into
a
Monastery
;
so
that
in
these
suddain
alterations
the
Turks
made
great
spoyl
of
the
Imperial
Provinces
,
greatly
dismembring
the
Empire
,
sore
shaken
with
inrestine
broyls
:
But
Clisalth●n
dying
gave
some
Rest
,
by
reason
his
Sons
fell
at
variance
among
themselves
,
as
he
and
his
Brothers
had
done
;
for
he
leaving
four
all
grown
to
Mens
estate
,
viz.
Maful
,
Coppatine
,
Ren●●●●ine
,
and
C●ichofroes
,
he
divided
his
Dominions
amongst
them
;
but
they
thinking
each
other
wronged
,
unless
every
one
had
all
,
would
not
content
themselves
with
what
their
Father
had
allotted
them
,
though
Dominions
large
enough
to
suffice
twenty
Kings
,
raised
impious
Broils
:
But
after
long
contention
,
Masut
the
Elder
seised
by
force
all
the
Dominions
in
Persia
,
making
himself
thereby
absolute
Sultan
,
where
I
shall
leave
him
setling
his
Dominions
,
and
return
to
Jerusalem
.
After
the
death
of
Baldwin
in
,
Almericus
his
younger
Brother
was
crowned
King
,
on
the
seventeenth
day
of
February
,
A●●●
●163
.
who
was
no
sooner
setled
in
his
Throne
,
but
he
warred
upon
Dargan
the
Egyptian
Sultan
for
refusing
to
pay
him
the
accustomed
Tribute
,
and
in
a
dreadful
battel
overthrew
him
,
who
to
stay
the
pursuit
cut
the
Banks
of
Nilus
,
and
lay'd
the
Country
under
water
:
But
whilst
he
was
busie
in
Egypt
,
Noridin
the
King
of
Damasco
making
Inrodes
upon
the
Christians
near
Tripolis
was
fought
with
by
Gilbert
Lacy
an
english
man
,
then
great
Master
of
the
Templars
,
and
by
him
overthrown
with
the
loss
of
three
parts
of
his
Army
;
but
the
next
year
laying
Siege
to
Arethusa
,
the
Christian
Princes
gathered
their
Forces
to
oppose
him
,
who
upon
their
approach
raised
his
Siege
and
departed
,
and
whilst
they
eagerly
pursued
,
he
trained
them
into
certain
miry
Fens
,
where
turning
upon
them
he
overthrew
their
Army
with
incredible
slaughter
,
and
the
Captivity
of
all
the
Princes
commanding
,
after
which
Victory
he
again
laying
Siege
to
the
City
had
it
yielded
to
him
;
but
Almericus
was
more
successful
in
Egypt
,
for
he
so
prevailed
against
the
Turks
and
Sarazens
,
that
they
were
obliged
to
purchase
their
Peace
with
the
delivery
of
the
City
of
Alexandria
,
and
most
of
the
Prisoners
taken
by
Noradin
in
the
late
overthrow
;
and
within
a
short
while
after
the
Turks
infringing
the
Articles
,
he
aided
by
the
Knights
Templars
,
and
other
Christians
lay'd
Siege
to
Pelusium
,
which
he
after
three
days
setting
down
before
it
,
won
and
gave
it
to
the
great
Master
,
and
the
Knights
of
the
Order
.
In
this
City
they
took
the
Sultan
of
Egypt's
Son
,
and
Nephew
,
for
whose
ransom
the
King
received
100000
Du●ats
,
and
so
he
returned
to
Jerusalem
,
when
shortly
after
S●ra●con
the
Turkish
General
in
those
Parts
,
under
pretence
of
Friendship
,
slew
the
Sultan
of
Egypt
in
his
Tent
,
and
was
in
his
stead
proclaimed
Sultan
,
being
first
Turk
〈◊〉
ever
governed
Egypt
;
yet
he
enjoyed
not
his
ill
got
Dominion
above
the
space
or
a
year
before
death
surprized
him
,
when
in
his
stead
Saladine
his
Nephew
was
crowned
Sultan
,
who
desirous
to
be
rid
of
the
Caliph
,
who
as
Successor
to
the
Impostor
Mahomet
ruled
in
effect
the
Kingdom
,
he
upon
some
disgust
with
his
horseman's
Mace
,
beat
his
brains
out
at
a
blow
,
and
then
taking
the
chief
Places
of
Trust
from
the
Egyptians
,
and
giving
them
to
his
Turks
,
so
well
secured
himself
and
his
Posterity
,
that
for
the
revolution
of
many
years
that
fertile
Kingdom
remained
in
subjection
to
the
Turks
.
Being
by
the
means
aforesaid
setled
in
his
Kingdom
,
he
raised
a
great
power
and
entered
Palestine
,
and
after
a
short
Siege
took
the
City
of
Daron
e're
Almericus
could
come
to
relieve
it
,
and
now
the
Turks
increasing
in
great
numbers
,
the
King
of
Jerusalem
was
obliged
to
send
to
the
Christian
Princes
of
the
West
for
aid
,
and
in
the
mean
while
stoutly
defended
his
Territory
,
which
the
former
Kings
had
extended
to
the
uttermost
borders
of
Arabia
Felix
,
larger
than
what
ever
the
Israelites
possessed
;
and
Anno
1173.
Noridon
King
of
Damasco
died
,
the
sorest
Enemy
the
Christians
had
;
but
as
Joy
seldom
comes
without
some
taste
of
sorrow
to
allay
it
;
so
now
,
for
Almericus
the
Sixth
famous
King
of
Jerusalem
,
returning
from
the
Siege
of
Peane
.
〈…〉
year
fell
into
a
Fever
,
which
after
a
short
sick
〈…〉
him
of
life
.
Up
〈◊〉
the
〈…〉
Americus
,
his
Nephew
Baldwi●
〈…〉
nightily
opposed
the
Turks
,
g●●ing
them
many
〈◊〉
●●erthrows
,
but
was
in
the
flower
of
his
youth
cut
〈◊〉
death
the
sixteenth
of
A●●y
,
1185.
when
as
he
ha●●ei●●ed
twelve
Years
and
some
Months
.
In
this
King's
stead
his
Son
Baldwin
the
Fifth
of
that
name
,
and
Eighth
King
of
Jerusalem
was
crowned
;
but
long
he
had
not
reigned
e'r
his
perfidious
Mother
to
advance
her
second
Husband
Guy
to
the
Throne
,
poysoned
him
;
But
Heaven
le●t
not
such
wickedness
unrevenged
not
long
after
Guy
the
Ninth
and
Last
King
of
Jerusalem
took
upon
him
the
Scepter
,
the
Christians
fell
at
variance
amongst
themselves
,
ready
to
turn
their
Swords
upon
each
other
,
of
which
Saladine
the
Egyptian
Sultan
taking
the
advantage
,
won
many
Cities
,
and
finally
in
a
bloody
battel
the
Christian
Army
was
overthrown
,
the
King
and
most
of
his
Nobles
,
together
with
the
great
Master
of
the
Templers
,
were
taken
Prisoners
,
which
altogether
broke
the
strength
of
the
Christians
in
Syria
;
for
hightned
with
this
success
,
the
Sultan
with
an
Army
of
200000
Horse
and
Foot
besieged
Jerusalem
,
which
being
naked
of
men
,
and
wanting
a
Head
,
was
after
fourteen
days
Siege
,
and
many
fierce
Assaults
delivered
up
to
the
Enemy
,
Anno
1187.
after
it
had
been
in
the
hands
of
the
European
Christians
for
the
space
of
100
years
,
upon
condition
that
such
Christians
as
would
might
still
remain
there
,
with
free
exercise
of
their
Religion
,
and
those
that
were
minded
to
depart
might
be
permitted
so
to
do
,
with
as
much
of
their
Goods
as
they
could
carry
upon
their
backs
.
And
thus
the
Holy
City
again
fell
into
the
hands
of
the
Pagans
,
who
poluted
it
with
their
prophane
Idolatries
and
superstitious
Worship
,
through
the
Christians
lukewarmness
and
disrespect
of
God's
Divine
Worship
,
who
living
in
abundance
of
plenty
,
forgat
the
hand
that
protected
them
,
trusting
in
their
own
arms
,
as
the
Israelites
to
their
cost
had
done
before
them
.
After
Jerusalem
the
Metropolis
of
the
Kingdom
was
taken
,
An●●e●●
was
betrayed
by
the
Patriarck
(
such
little
regard
had
Christians
of
their
Fidelity
)
into
the
hands
of
the
Turks
,
for
a
certain
sum
of
Gold
,
〈◊〉
afterward
most
of
the
other
Cities
either
revolted
,
or
were
taken
by
force
.
Chap.
IV.
The
Second
Expedition
of
the
Western
Princes
for
the
Recovery
of
the
Holy
Land
,
&c.
JErusalem
and
most
of
the
Cities
of
Palestine
being
lost
,
as
aforesaid
,
the
European
Potentates
were
not
a
little
grieved
,
and
to
recover
the
same
raised
a
mighty
power
;
and
first
that
advanced
was
Frederick
the
German
Emperor
,
who
setting
forth
from
Vienna
passed
with
a
puissant
Army
through
Hungary
,
Bulgaria
,
and
Thracia
,
and
so
to
Constantinople
,
where
he
passed
over
into
Asia
,
and
entring
Lyconia
gave
the
Turks
a
great
overthrow
,
after
which
he
besieged
and
took
Iconium
giving
the
Spoyls
thereof
to
his
Soldiers
;
and
from
thence
passing
into
Celicia
in
the
Straights
,
where
the
Greek
Emperor
some
years
before
received
his
fatal
overthrow
,
he
had
a
second
conflict
with
the
Turk
,
whom
he
put
to
flight
with
great
slaughter
,
and
took
the
City
of
Philomela
,
and
put
the
Inhabitants
to
the
sword
,
for
executing
his
Messangers
he
sent
to
treat
with
them
about
delivering
it
peaceably
;
and
then
entring
●●●●enia
the
less
,
he
took
the
City
of
Melitene
,
and
subdued
all
the
Territories
round
about
,
and
there
gave
the
Turks
an
other
fearful
overthrow
,
which
Army
was
no
sooner
vanquished
,
but
another
not
inferiour
to
●●
appeared
under
the
heading
of
Saphadine
Saladin
the
Sultan's
Son
,
which
with
an
undaunted
bravery
he
charged
,
and
put
to
rout
,
with
incredible
slaughter
(
but
the
joy
of
Victory
was
soon
turned
into
Mourning
)
for
the
good
Emperor
zealous
for
the
Christian
Cause
,
following
h●●d
upon
the
flyers
,
his
Horse
floundered
in
the
River
〈◊〉
,
and
threw
him
out
of
the
Saddle
,
with
his
right
foot
hanging
in
the
Stirrup
,
after
which
manner
,
e'r
he
could
be
relieved
,
he
was
drag'd
through
the
River
,
and
hitting
by
the
way
on
certain
Stumps
,
so
bruised
,
that
when
he
was
taken
up
,
he
was
heard
to
say
no
more
then
,
Lord
receive
my
Soul
,
e'r
he
gave
up
the
Ghost
,
in
the
seventieth
year
of
his
Age
,
and
of
his
Reign
38.
Anno
1190.
Whereupon
his
Body
was
carried
to
the
City
of
Tire
,
and
there
in
the
Cathedral
with
all
Solemnity
interred
.
This
Heroick
Emperor
being
dead
,
his
Son
Frederick
Duke
of
Suevia
,
then
in
the
Army
was
saluted
Emperor
and
General
by
the
consent
of
the
great
Commanders
;
but
now
(
the
Country
being
purposely
destroyed
before
them
)
pale
Famine
began
to
stare
them
in
the
face
,
yet
on
they
marched
,
and
charging
Dodequin
Saladius
,
General
,
sent
to
oppose
their
Passage
,
gave
him
a
great
overthrow
,
and
had
all
the
Cities
rendred
as
they
passed
,
till
they
came
to
Ptolomais
,
where
the
power
of
the
Christians
in
Syria
were
incamped
,
headed
by
Guy
late
King
of
Jerusalem
,
who
for
a
great
Sum
had
obtained
his
Liberty
.
Upon
the
Arrival
of
Frederick
,
the
Christians
gave
a
fierce
Assault
to
the
City
on
all
Parts
,
and
had
taken
it
by
Storm
,
had
not
Saladine
the
Egyptian
Sultan
,
who
lay
hovering
aloof
with
his
Army
,
fallen
upon
their
Camp
,
and
thereby
in
the
hottest
of
the
Assault
obliged
them
to
draw
off
to
defend
the
same
,
and
having
forced
him
to
retire
with
the
loss
of
a
few
men
,
they
returned
again
to
the
Siege
,
expecting
the
Arrival
of
Richard
the
First
,
King
of
England
,
and
Philip
the
Second
,
King
of
France
,
who
were
upon
their
way
with
great
Forces
;
but
they
wintering
in
the
Isle
of
Sicilia
,
the
French
King
out
of
Envy
to
the
Glory
of
the
English
,
and
an
old
grudge
having
been
formerly
about
King
Richard's
refusing
the
French
King's
Sister
,
and
marrying
the
Daughter
of
the
King
or
Navar
,
the
French
King
not
long
after
returned
home
,
and
withdrew
his
Army
to
the
frustrating
the
whole
design
of
recovering
Jerusalem
;
yet
at
present
he
dissembled
the
matter
,
and
loosing
first
from
the
Port
of
Mesina
,
arrived
at
Ptolomais
,
where
the
Christians
lay
still
incomped
,
after
whom
King
Richard
shortly
followed
;
but
sayling
by
Cyprus
,
his
Fleet
was
dispersed
by
a
Storm
,
and
two
of
his
Ships
falling
on
ground
on
that
Coast
,
the
Islanders
spoyled
them
,
and
when
the
rest
of
the
Fleet
put
in
there
,
they
rudely
withstood
their
landing
,
which
so
inraged
King
Richard
,
that
he
landing
by
force
,
seised
the
Island
,
and
took
the
King
thereof
Prisoner
,
and
sent
him
bound
in
Chains
of
Silver
to
Syria
.
The
King
having
secured
the
Island
to
his
use
,
disanchored
and
sailed
to
Ptolomais
,
where
he
was
joyfully
received
of
the
Christian
Princes
,
upon
whose
Arrival
the
City
after
a
hot
Assault
,
and
a
great
breach
in
the
Wall
,
was
surrendred
upon
condition
the
Garrison
might
depart
with
safety
,
for
which
they
were
likewise
to
pay
a
great
Ransom
to
deliver
they
Holy
Cross
they
had
in
possession
,
and
a
certain
number
of
them
to
remain
as
Hostages
,
that
the
Saladine
should
deliver
such
Christian
Prisoners
as
he
had
in
his
power
,
whereupon
the
Germans
of
Austria
entered
first
the
〈◊〉
and
advanced
the
Standard
of
their
Duke
upon
the
W●ll
,
as
if
by
their
only
valour
the
City
had
〈…〉
,
which
so
offended
King
Richard
,
that
he
〈◊〉
the
Standard
to
be
thrown
down
,
and
trampled
on
,
which
indignity
the
Duke
resented
so
heinously
,
that
〈◊〉
great
hindrance
of
the
Wars
in
Syria
,
he
retu●●●
〈…〉
his
Forces
into
Austria
;
as
likewise
did
the
〈◊〉
France
with
the
greatest
part
of
his
Army
,
under
〈◊〉
he
did
it
for
want
of
health
in
so
hot
a
Clime
,
〈…〉
out
of
secret
Envy
to
King
Richard
.
Sal●●●
〈◊〉
of
the
lessning
of
the
Christian
Army
,
and
that
there
still
remained
amongst
them
discontent
,
refused
to
pay
the
money
for
the
Ransom
of
the
Hostages
,
or
deliver
up
the
Christian
Prisoners
;
but
threatned
that
if
any
Extremity
was
used
by
the
King
towards
them
,
he
would
behead
all
the
Christian
Prisoners
,
the
which
notwithstanding
the
Hostages
were
not
hurt
,
he
most
barbarously
performed
;
in
return
whereof
the
King
commanded
2500
of
the
Hostages
to
be
executed
in
the
sight
of
the
Infidels
Camp
,
and
resolved
to
give
him
battel
,
which
he
perceiving
raised
his
Camp
,
and
departed
along
the
Sea
Coast
,
ruining
the
strong
Towns
,
to
prevent
their
falling
into
the
hands
of
the
Christians
,
who
leaving
Ptolomais
strongly
fortified
,
followed
close
at
his
heels
,
resolving
to
besiege
Jerusalem
,
which
he
perceiving
,
and
taking
such
advantage
as
the
time
and
place
would
afford
,
faced
about
:
So
that
both
Armies
meeting
about
Noon
,
a
dreadful
conflict
began
,
which
continued
with
great
slaughter
,
especially
on
the
part
of
the
Turks
,
till
Evening
:
at
what
time
the
Victory
fell
to
the
Christians
,
who
had
the
Execution
of
the
Infidels
for
seven
miles
;
but
Winter
coming
on
,
they
disposed
of
the
Army
till
Spring
,
in
the
Towns
that
Saladine
had
ruinated
,
repairing
and
fortifying
them
stronger
than
before
;
but
when
Spring
came
,
upon
must'ring
the
Army
,
they
were
found
greatly
decreased
by
diseases
and
absenting
,
and
at
the
same
time
the
King
found
the
Duke
of
Burgundia
,
under
whose
command
the
French
King
had
left
part
of
his
Army
,
still
to
cross
his
purpose
,
as
desirous
to
return
home
,
having
received
such
Orders
privately
from
the
King
his
Master
,
who
was
contrary
to
his
Oath
taken
at
his
departure
warring
upon
the
Normans
,
then
King
Richard's
Subjects
,
and
that
others
were
of
the
like
mind
,
found
himself
altogether
too
weak
to
besiege
Jerusalem
,
and
hearing
how
the
French
King
had
incited
his
younger
Brother
John
to
take
upon
him
the
Government
of
the
Kingdom
of
England
,
fearing
lest
while
he
was
warring
abroad
,
he
might
loose
his
Kingdom
at
home
,
he
resolved
to
make
such
conditions
with
the
Sultantain
,
as
might
be
best
for
the
advantage
of
the
Christians
in
Syria
,
and
so
imbarque
for
England
,
which
the
crafty
Infidel
understanding
,
and
finding
his
power
daily
to
decay
,
would
hearken
to
no
other
Proposals
,
than
that
the
Christians
should
surrender
all
the
Towns
they
had
taken
,
Ptolomais
excepted
,
and
in
consideration
thereof
be
suffered
to
live
in
Peace
,
which
being
concluded
on
,
the
King
leaving
Count
Henry
of
Champaigne
his
Lievetenant
of
Syria
,
imbarked
with
his
fair
Queen
,
who
had
accompanied
him
in
his
tedious
Expedition
;
but
by
the
way
being
separated
from
the
rest
of
his
Fleet
,
suffered
wrack
upon
the
Coast
of
Histria
,
and
attempting
with
a
small
retinue
to
walk
over
land
in
the
Habit
of
a
Templar
,
he
was
discovered
,
and
by
the
command
of
the
Duke
of
Austria
(
in
whose
Territories
,
and
whom
he
had
disgraced
at
the
Siege
of
Ptolomais
,
by
throwing
down
his
Standard
)
taken
Prisoner
,
and
by
him
sold
to
the
Emperor
Henry
for
40000
pounds
,
who
kept
him
prisoner
a
year
and
three
months
,
and
then
received
for
his
Ransom
150000
pounds
.
But
the
Ship
that
the
Queen
and
her
Ladies
were
in
,
arrived
safe
in
England
.
Soon
after
the
King's
delivery
,
news
came
that
Saladine
the
great
Sultan
was
dead
,
which
caused
the
Princes
of
Germany
,
animated
by
Pope
Celestines
,
to
undertake
a
third
Voyage
for
the
Recovery
of
Jerusalem
.
The
Dukes
of
Saxony
and
Austria
commanding
in
Chief
,
and
with
them
went
many
Bishops
,
who
upon
their
Arrival
joyned
with
the
Christians
they
found
there
,
and
repaired
Joppa
,
the
which
whilst
they
were
doing
,
the
●●●●●ish
Army
approached
,
whereupon
they
●hew
out
,
and
in
pitched
battle
overthrew
them
,
but
to
the
Loss
of
their
two
Generals
,
the
former
dying
within
four
days
after
the
Victory
of
a
Fever
,
and
the
latter
of
the
Wounds
he
had
received
.
And
in
fine
,
news
coming
that
Henry
the
Emperour
was
dead
,
most
of
the
chief
Captains
returned
home
,
in
hopes
to
be
elected
Emperour
.
After
which
the
Turks
took
Joppa
and
put
all
they
found
in
it
to
the
Sword
,
but
at
the
instance
of
Pope
Innocent
the
third
,
Philip
the
French
King
sent
5000
Souldiers
,
under
the
leading
of
Simon
Count
of
Mont-ferat
to
joyn
the
Christians
,
by
whose
good
conduct
things
were
so
ordered
that
they
procured
to
live
at
peace
in
Tyre
and
Ptolomais
,
where
I
shall
leave
them
and
return
to
the
Lesser
Asia
,
and
relate
by
what
means
the
Turks
first
Empire
in
Persia
was
brought
to
nought
.
CHAP.
V.
The
ruin
of
the
Turks
first
Kingdom
in
Asia
,
by
the
Tartars
.
THe
Turks
having
flourished
in
Persia
and
the
Lesser
Asia
by
the
Space
of
about
200
years
under
the
Succession
of
divers
Sultans
and
Kings
:
The
Tartars
a
rough
Savage
People
,
dwelling
in
the
cold
barren
parts
of
Asia
Northward
,
under
the
leading
of
Ziugis
their
pretended
Prophet
,
having
wasted
all
before
them
,
passed
the
high
Mountain
Caucasus
,
and
part
of
the
Mountain
Taurus
,
came
on
upon
the
more
fertile
part
of
Asia
,
like
a
deluge
,
whose
huge
numbers
were
such
that
in
a
short
time
under
the
leading
of
Hoccata
,
old
Ziugis's
Son
,
himself
being
dead
,
before
they
had
far
proceeded
they
in
a
trice
overrun
India
,
Persia
,
and
almost
all
the
other
Countries
of
Asia
none
being
able
to
stand
before
,
nay
so
fearful
were
they
to
the
Nations
that
at
their
Approach
without
giving
battle
Kings
with
their
People
fled
not
into
fenced
Cities
but
their
Contries
and
amongst
the
rest
Cursumes
or
as
the
Greek
will
have
it
Cor●●●tes
:
The
Turkish
Sultan
of
Persia
leaving
all
the
Cities
naked
to
be
possessed
without
resistance
by
the
Barbarous
Enemy
,
who
in
his
slight
dyed
being
the
last
King
Linaly
defended
of
the
S●lz●●cian
Family
Reigning
in
Persia
,
whereupon
his
Son
Vgn●●chan
taking
upon
him
the
leading
the
People
that
followed
his
Father
seized
upon
Ba●●●●
,
now
called
Bagadet
,
supposing
it
the
safest
place
of
refuge
,
and
the
better
to
secure
it
put
to
the
Sword
all
the
inhabitants
,
but
kept
it
not
long
,
or
the
Turks
〈…〉
after
him
,
t●●●
the
City
by
Storm
,
and
in
〈…〉
,
expell'd
all
his
People
,
and
so
〈◊〉
on
Conquered
〈…〉
,
and
many
other
〈◊〉
both
in
the
Great
and
Le●●er
Asia
,
formerly
possessed
by
the
Turks
,
they
by
this
means
〈…〉
driven
out
of
〈◊〉
about
the
year
of
our
Lord
,
〈…〉
.
yet
there
was
found
one
of
the
Sel●●●
〈…〉
Royal
Stem
,
named
〈…〉
the
scattered
Turks
〈…〉
to
him
in
〈…〉
taking
the
advantage
of
the
Greeks
〈…〉
themselves
.
〈…〉
and
the
Countries
〈◊〉
and
there
first
at
〈◊〉
and
〈…〉
erected
their
〈◊〉
Kingdom
,
〈…〉
is
by
the
Turks
〈◊〉
the
Kingdom
of
the
Al●dine
Kings
.
And
by
this
〈◊〉
the
〈◊〉
Monarchy
in
〈◊〉
was
received
;
the
〈…〉
S●iling
himself
great
King
and
Lord
〈◊〉
the
Eastern
Countries
During
this
〈◊〉
,
the
Constan●●●
〈…〉
broyles
,
which
〈…〉
who
had
deprived
his
Elder
Brother
〈…〉
Empire
for
the
Settlement
thereof
and
securing
himself
in
his
throne
to
seek
after
the
Life
of
the
young
Prince
his
Brothers
Son
,
who
was
active
in
recovering
to
his
Father
the
Empire
that
of
right
appertained
unto
him
,
which
inforced
the
Prince
to
crave
aid
of
Philip
the
Emperor
of
Germany
,
and
the
rest
of
the
Princes
of
that
Empire
,
and
so
prevailed
by
means
of
his
Sister
,
who
was
Married
to
the
said
Emperor
that
being
recommended
by
him
and
the
French
King
to
the
Army
,
then
making
an
other
expedition
into
the
Holy
Land
and
by
them
taken
into
protection
with
a
Solemn
promise
of
restoring
him
to
his
rightful
Inheritance
:
In
consideration
of
which
,
he
obliged
himself
to
pay
the
French
a
great
sum
of
Mo●ey
,
and
to
make
Restitution
to
the
Venations
the
lo●●es
they
sustained
in
the
time
of
the
Emperor
〈◊〉
by
reason
of
an
〈…〉
lay'd
upon
their
gailies
and
se●●●re
of
the
goods
of
their
March
and
Recompence
the
〈◊〉
by
reducing
the
Greek
Churches
to
the
obedience
of
the
See
of
Rome
,
for
of
those
three
Nations
was
mostly
this
Army
composed
which
consisted
of
near
two
hundred
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
.
Upon
these
considerations
was
the
Voyage
,
in
order
to
the
Recovery
of
what
was
lost
in
Syria
put
off
and
all
the
forces
●ent
against
〈◊〉
where
the
Usurper
resided
,
who
held
his
Brother
the
rightful
Emperour
in
Prison
,
having
deprived
him
of
his
sight
,
and
coming
before
the
port
with
their
huge
fleet
that
almost
covered
the
Ocean
,
they
●●on
broke
the
chain
and
entered
with
their
Galley
,
upon
sight
of
which
those
that
kept
the
Greek
Gallies
in
the
per●●●●ed
and
left
them
as
a
prey
to
the
Latins
,
for
so
they
called
the
Western
Christians
,
who
not
content
therewith
but
resolutely
thrusting
on
shore
a
〈…〉
those
that
guarded
it
to
retire
,
〈…〉
re-enter
the
City
,
which
the
Usurper
perceiving
and
well
weighing
he
was
no
ways
able
to
oppose
such
an
Army
,
taking
with
him
all
his
Treasure
,
and
several
of
his
trustly
Friends
,
〈◊〉
●ight
,
upon
which
the
Citizens
to
avoid
being
〈◊〉
●ook
the
Old
Emperor
out
of
Prison
;
and
the
Second
time
proclaimed
him
Emperor
,
and
immediately
opened
their
gates
,
and
admitted
the
Army
calling
them
their
dei●●erers
;
but
this
their
Alacrity
lasted
not
,
for
the
Prince
having
made
known
his
promises
,
and
the
Old
Emperor
confirmed
the
same
,
the
People
upon
Settlement
of
the
Taxes
whereby
such
Sums
should
be
raised
as
might
satisfie
the
Conquerors
,
they
grew
dissatisfied
,
and
raised
tumults
in
several
parts
of
the
City
;
the
better
to
Allay
which
,
and
to
bring
them
to
a
Compliance
,
the
good
Emperor
desired
the
Lattins
to
retire
to
their
Camp
;
which
was
performed
,
but
●re
he
●ould
prevail
with
the
Citizens
to
pay
the
Tax
〈◊〉
,
he
through
loss
of
Sight
and
other
Infirmities
〈…〉
had
the
Prince
his
Son
Saluted
Emperor
in
his
〈◊〉
,
who
desirous
to
perform
his
Promise
with
the
Lattins
,
proceeded
where
his
Father
lest
off
,
but
●o
no
purpose
;
for
when
he
pressed
the
raising
of
the
〈◊〉
before
〈◊〉
,
they
rose
in
Armes
,
and
〈◊〉
like
a
Torr●●
to
the
Palace
,
threatned
to
〈…〉
of
his
Life
and
Empire
if
he
did
not
〈…〉
him
that
he
sent
to
the
〈…〉
part
of
his
Army
privately
into
the
City
,
at
a
〈◊〉
which
he
would
deliver
〈…〉
intention
of
the
Emperors
〈…〉
privy
,
Surnamed
for
his
〈…〉
by
the
Emperors
Father
had
been
〈…〉
a
low
condition
to
the
〈…〉
and
thinking
to
opportunity
more
〈◊〉
to
〈◊〉
to
Empire
,
after
which
he
had
a
long
〈…〉
then
the
present
●●●●●ion
,
he
gathered
〈…〉
and
im●●●●ed
them
what
was
in●ended
,
and
then
under
a
Simile
of
Friendship
came
to
the
young
Emperour
,
and
seizing
upon
his
Person
,
caused
him
to
be
Imprisoned
,
and
by
insinuating
himself
into
the
good
liking
of
the
Mobile
,
procured
himself
to
be
proclaimed
,
which
was
no
sooner
done
but
he
strangled
the
Emperor
,
and
attempted
to
sire
the
Venetian
Gallies
,
which
so
inraged
the
Christians
,
that
they
resolved
to
lay
close
Siege
to
the
City
,
the
which
after
the
overthrow
of
the
Usurpers
Army
under
its
Walls
they
did
,
and
firing
it
in
divers
Places
entered
,
upon
which
the
Tyrant
fled
.
The
City
of
Constantinople
thus
taken
the
12
of
April
1204
,
or
as
some
will
have
it
1200
,
the
Citizens
Lives
at
the
request
of
the
Religious
were
spared
,
but
their
Wealth
became
a
prey
to
the
Souldiers
,
so
now
those
that
refused
to
part
with
a
little
at
the
request
of
their
Natural
Lord
for
the
support
of
his
Honor
and
their
Safety
,
were
now
obliged
to
part
with
all
.
After
the
Sack
of
this
City
most
of
the
Cities
of
the
Empire
yeilded
,
whereupon
the
Princes
assembling
chose
Baldwin
Earl
of
Flanders
and
Hanault
,
Emperor
,
and
amongst
the
other
Princes
was
the
Empire
divided
into
Provinces
,
each
holding
his
Principality
in
fee
of
the
Emperor
as
their
Supream
Lord
.
Things
being
at
this
pass
news
came
that
Theodorius
Lascaris
had
fortified
Adr●ano●le
,
and
raising
forces
for
the
recovery
of
the
Greek
Empire
which
●●nsed
the
Latins
under
the
leading
of
their
Emperor
to
March
against
him
,
who
upon
news
of
their
Approach
retired
into
the
City
,
which
he
strongly
fortified
expecting
no
less
then
a
Siege
,
which
accordingly
was
lay'd
at
what
time
John
King
of
Bulgaria
,
otherwise
called
Mysia
a
large
Kingdom
lying
between
the
great
Mountain
Emaus
and
Danu●ius
,
aided
by
the
Scythians
a
Barbarous
People
,
came
with
a
great
power
to
raise
the
Seige
,
against
whom
the
Emperor
drew
out
his
strengths
,
but
following
too
eagerly
,
the
Scythian
Horsemen
sent
out
to
Skirmish
on
purpose
to
●●ain
him
into
an
Ambush
,
he
●ell
in
with
the
Kings
power
amongst
the
Woods
and
Mountains
,
where
being
over
wearyed
with
the
tedious
〈◊〉
,
he
was
overthrown
himself
taken
Prisoner
,
and
his
Army
for
the
most
part
Slain
,
nor
sus●i●ed
it
the
Barbarous
King
to
have
him
in
his
Power
,
but
after
an
Inhumane
manner
cutting
off
his
hands
and
feet
,
cast
him
yet
living
into
a
deep
Valley
,
where
he
miserably
perished
,
and
thus
died
the
first
most
Valiant
Emperor
of
the
Lattins
in
〈◊〉
e're
he
had
Reigned
a
full
year
.
The
Emperor
B●●hrin
being
dead
,
Henry
his
Brother
was
chosen
in
his
stead
,
who
to
revenge
his
Brothers
Death
aided
by
the
Lattin
Princes
,
Marched
against
the
〈◊〉
(
who
hightened
with
their
Success
were
●●r
advanced
,
wasting
with
Fire
and
Sword
all
they
〈◊〉
in
their
way
)
and
after
many
notable
〈…〉
●iven
,
drove
them
out
of
all
the
places
〈◊〉
had
〈◊〉
.
During
th●se
proceedings
Alexus
〈◊〉
〈…〉
falling
into
the
hands
of
the
〈…〉
Eyes
put
out
,
and
in
that
manner
being
〈…〉
,
was
Condemned
to
be
thrown
〈…〉
angling
the
young
Emperor
,
which
〈…〉
a
reward
of
his
Treason
was
put
in
Exception
.
And
the
other
Alexus
commonly
〈…〉
,
who
deprived
the
Emperor
Isaac
of
his
Sight
〈…〉
him
,
hearing
that
his
Son
〈…〉
desire
●s
of
his
Kingdom
,
went
to
the
Court
of
〈…〉
Sultan
,
〈◊〉
〈…〉
holding
〈…〉
had
shewed
great
〈…〉
his
〈…〉
by
his
Brother
〈…〉
there
so
prevail
〈…〉
Sultan
raised
〈…〉
with
it
lay'd
〈…〉
part
of
〈…〉
Kings
〈◊〉
,
of
which
he
had
no
〈◊〉
notice
,
but
with
what
Forces
he
could
raise
on
the
sudden
,
he
posted
thither
,
and
〈◊〉
●●riously
upon
the
Sultans
Army
slew
him
in
the
〈◊〉
thereof
,
which
so
discouraged
the
Turks
,
that
●●●●●thstanding
Victory
inclined
to
their
side
,
they
〈…〉
the
City
free
;
In
this
battle
was
taken
Alexus
the
Author
of
the
War
,
whom
his
Son-in-law
notwithstanding
used
with
great
respect
,
though
contrary
to
his
desert
.
In
the
mean
time
the
ten
years
Truke
between
the
Christians
in
Syria
,
and
the
Turks
drew
to
a
Conclusion
:
And
Almeri●●s
King
of
〈◊〉
and
Titular
King
of
Jerusalem
,
refusing
to
assist
them
with
Provisions
and
the
like
,
the
great
M●sters
of
the
Knights
Templers
,
and
Hospitalers
sent
to
complain
thereof
to
the
Pope
,
and
to
inform
him
,
that
there
was
yet
living
one
Mary
the
Daughter
of
the
Marquess
of
Mont-Ferr●●
,
a
Lady
of
incomparable
Beauty
,
who
they
as
her
Tutor
had
brought
up
in
hope
of
the
Kingdom
,
and
were
now
ready
to
bestow
her
upon
●●●●h
a
Person
,
as
he
should
think
worthy
of
her
,
together
with
her
Right
and
Title
to
the
Kingdom
of
〈◊〉
;
upon
which
the
Pope
〈◊〉
Almericus
of
the
Title
of
King
of
Jerusa●●●n
,
and
gave
it
to
John
Co●n●
D'
Brenne
,
of
the
〈◊〉
in
Trance
.
A
man
of
great
Fame
and
Courage
,
and
then
in
Arms
amongst
the
Lattin
Princes
,
who
upon
notice
thereof
committing
his
Earldome
to
the
care
of
his
Brother
,
failed
with
a
competent
number
of
his
followers
to
Tyre
,
where
he
espoused
the
Lady
,
and
not
long
after
the
Pope
,
viz.
Pope
●●●ocent
the
third
,
calling
in
a
general
Council
,
so
dealt
with
the
Princes
and
Prelates
,
th●●
great
Forces
were
again
raised
for
the
relief
of
the
〈◊〉
in
the
Holy
Land
,
who
setting
fall
〈…〉
Towns
and
Castles
on
the
●●●-Coast
,
〈…〉
with
a
great
Fleet
,
and
an
Army
by
Land
〈…〉
,
formerly
called
Pelusium
,
situate
upon
the
Bank
of
N●●●
;
resolving
to
begin
first
with
Egypt
,
that
Palestine
might
follow
,
where
building
Towers
of
Wood
upon
Gallys
,
they
fought
with
those
that
kept
the
Walls
at
even
hand
,
and
after
great
slaughter
on
both
sides
took
the
Suburbs
,
wherein
they
found
not
only
store
of
Provision
,
but
infinite
Riches
;
being
the
Merchandise
of
Persia
,
Arabia
,
India
,
and
Egypt
,
that
being
the
chief
Scale
of
Trade
in
those
parts
.
During
this
Transaction
the
Sultan
lay
hovering
aloof
with
his
Army
,
not
daring
to
ingage
the
Christians
,
and
so
long
he
continued
that
Want
began
to
rage
in
his
Camp
;
insomuch
that
he
was
obliged
to
send
away
one
part
of
his
Army
.
The
Infidels
thus
foiled
,
though
the
City
still
held
out
,
Corradi●e
,
Sultan
of
Damasco
and
Jerusalem
sent
his
Ambassador
to
the
Christian
Princes
,
to
sue
for
Peace
,
for
himself
and
his
Brother
the
Sultan
of
Egypt
:
In
lieu
whereof
he
promised
to
restore
the
Holy-Cross
,
and
all
the
Towns
his
Father
Saladine
had
taken
from
the
Christians
,
which
large
offer
was
thought
reasonable
by
most
of
the
Princes
,
none
opposing
it
but
Pelagius
the
Popes
〈◊〉
,
John
the
late
made
King
of
Jerusalem
,
the
〈◊〉
of
the
Knights
Templers
and
Hospitallers
,
and
the
Duke
of
A●siria
,
they
alledging
that
the
War
was
undertaken
generally
against
the
Infidels
,
and
that
they
ought
not
to
desist
,
till
they
had
brought
them
under
.
Whereupon
the
S●●●●n
supposing
they
would
speedily
come
to
Jerusalem
,
caused
it
to
be
rased
all
,
exce●●
〈◊〉
Tower
of
David
,
and
the
holy
Sepulcher
;
〈…〉
instance
of
the
Christians
there
dwelling
,
〈…〉
with
all
his
people
departed
to
Da●●●
〈◊〉
but
〈…〉
Christians
,
though
too
late
,
repented
their
〈…〉
advantageous
an
offer
;
for
〈…〉
of
the
raw
〈◊〉
and
Vapors
that
ascended
from
Ni●●s
,
a
mortal
Contagion
raged
in
the
●●mp
,
and
much
weakened
it
;
so
that
the
Sultan
taking
the
advantage
,
indeavoured
to
put
succors
into
the
Town
,
with
such
speed
that
many
entered
,
ere
the
Christians
could
take
the
Alarum
;
but
they
falling
in
the
Rear
cut
off
a
great
number
that
were
shut
out
,
lest
the
Christians
should
have
entered
Pell-mel
with
them
into
the
City
,
and
heightened
with
this
success
,
they
marched
to
the
Sultans
Camp
and
dared
him
to
battel
,
but
he
not
willing
to
hazard
his
Kingdom
upon
a
cast
,
refusing
,
they
assaulted
him
in
his
Lodging
.
In
which
daring
Attempt
,
the
French
General
was
lost
with
many
more
of
note
;
so
that
without
success
they
again
returned
to
the
Siege
:
Famine
beginning
to
rage
extreamly
in
the
City
,
and
soon
after
its
attendant
the
Plague
,
of
which
such
a
number
died
,
that
there
were
none
left
to
defend
it
.
So
that
the
Christians
entering
,
found
all
the
Streets
paved
with
the
dead
,
70000
of
the
Infidels
having
perished
therein
through
obstinacy
,
who
upon
surrender
might
have
had
their
Lives
and
Liberties
.
Thus
this
great
City
after
a
years
Siege
was
taken
,
the
Third
of
November
,
1221.
After
which
the
Popes
Legate
laying
Claim
to
it
in
the
behalf
of
his
Master
;
though
at
the
beginning
of
the
War
the
Princes
had
concluded
that
all
the
Cities
and
Tow●●
〈◊〉
,
should
be
put
into
the
Possession
of
the
King
of
Jerusalem
,
a
Contest
arose
between
them
,
insomuch
that
the
King
retired
to
〈◊〉
and
was
hardly
intreated
to
return
;
upon
whose
return
,
and
the
Arrival
of
the
Duke
of
Bavaria
,
with
fresh
Forces
at
the
Legates
intreaty
,
a
great
part
of
the
Army
was
drawn
forth
in
order
,
to
the
〈◊〉
the
City
of
C●●
,
which
they
effected
not
without
hopes
of
w●●●ing
it
,
but
being
unacquainted
with
the
Country
,
they
i●
camping
in
low
Ground
,
the
〈…〉
,
and
overflowed
their
〈…〉
Waters
,
of
a
prodigious
depth●●●
that
many
perished
therein
,
and
at
last
were
obliged
to
re-deliver
Damiata
for
their
Ransom
,
and
so
the
Sultan
relieving
them
with
such
necessaries
as
they
wanted
,
caused
them
to
be
Conducted
out
of
Egypt
:
Whereupon
most
of
them
returned
into
their
own
Country
,
having
first
concluded
a
Peace
for
eight
years
with
Coradine
,
the
Sultan
of
Damasco
,
which
Peace
was
by
the
Infidel
inviolably
observed
.
King
John
upon
his
return
,
at
the
instance
of
H●●or●us
,
gave
his
Daughter
Yoland
in
Marriage
,
to
Er●drick
King
of
Sicilia
,
and
with
her
the
Title
of
Jerusalem
,
from
whence
the
succeedings
derived
their
Titles
,
instiling
themselves
Kings
of
Jerusalem
.
And
now
Henry
the
second
Emperor
of
Constantinople
being
dead
,
having
Reigned
eleven
years
and
some
odd
days
,
Peter
Count
of
Ausseres
was
made
Emperor
in
his
stead
;
who
in
revenge
to
Injuries
done
to
the
Ve●etians
by
Theodorus
,
Angelius
Prince
of
Epirus
besieged
him
in
D●●rachium
;
but
upon
his
feigned
Submission
a
Peace
was
concluded
,
when
the
Emperor
too
much
crediting
the
perjured
Wretch
,
going
into
the
City
slenderly
attended
to
an
Entertainment
,
to
which
the
Epir●●
had
invited
him
,
was
by
his
Commandment
slain
.
Upon
the
News
of
this
sad
disaster
,
the
Constantinop●li●●ns
elected
his
Son
Robert
to
succeed
him
,
but
he
lived
nor
long
,
for
having
married
a
beautiful
Lady
before
Contracted
to
a
noble
man
of
Burgundia
,
he
in
revenge
,
in
the
Emperors
absence
,
with
a
resolute
Company
broke
into
the
Pallace
,
and
there
seizing
upon
the
〈◊〉
cut
off
her
Nose
,
and
Ears
;
and
afterward
〈◊〉
her
Mother
,
who
had
been
the
cause
of
the
〈◊〉
of
the
〈◊〉
Contract
,
threw
her
into
〈…〉
into
the
〈…〉
Mountains
,
living
〈…〉
of
his
Companions
,
which
〈…〉
the
Emperor
,
that
going
to
Rome
in
his
return
the
died
.
After
him
succeeded
his
Son
by
the
name
of
Baldwin
the
Second
,
being
the
fifth
and
last
Emperor
of
the
Lattins
in
Constantinople
.
For
Las●ares
of
whom
I
have
before
spoken
after
the
overthrow
he
gave
the
Sultan
mightily
increasing
his
Power
,
rigged
a
great
many
Ships
and
Siezed
upon
all
the
Islands
in
the
Iconium
,
and
Egean
Seas
,
Lesbos
,
Chios
,
Sa●os
,
Rhodes
,
&c.
And
by
that
means
rendered
himself
so
formidable
that
most
Cities
before
in
the
possession
of
the
Lattins
revolted
to
him
,
insomuch
that
without
any
great
resistance
he
brought
his
Army
to
the
Gates
of
Constantinople
,
and
then
dying
lefe
his
Son
John
Ducas
Batazes
to
succeed
him
,
who
prosecuting
the
War
against
the
Latrius
became
more
terrible
then
his
Father
,
strengthening
himself
by
a
Marriage
between
H●lena
daughter
to
Assan
King
of
Bulgaria
and
his
Son
Theodore
:
And
after
that
renewed
the
League
with
the
Sultain
of
Iconium
,
who
was
then
〈◊〉
in
Warring
against
the
Tartars
.
During
these
p●ss●●es
,
〈◊〉
,
the
German
Emperor
,
with
great
forces
passed
〈◊〉
Syria
,
but
by
Reason
he
did
not
humble
himself
to
Greogry
the
ninth
;
the
proud
Pre●●●●
〈◊〉
thereto
by
his
Strumpet
,
Fulminated
against
〈◊〉
with
Excommunications
,
sending
his
Le●ters
to
the
Christians
,
not
to
aid
nor
receive
him
upon
his
〈◊〉
but
they
did
not
regard
the
〈◊〉
Pope
,
〈…〉
his
Landing
with
his
forces
〈…〉
joyfully
and
honourably
received
〈…〉
to
Sultan
〈◊〉
,
〈…〉
to
〈…〉
,
but
〈…〉
to
〈…〉
to
his
〈…〉
desire
,
〈…〉
himself
〈…〉
that
after
〈…〉
,
that
the
〈…〉
the
〈…〉
was
at
hardly
gladly
〈◊〉
to
〈◊〉
up
the
City
of
Jerusalem
,
with
all
the
Land
of
Palestine
,
together
with
the
Respective
Cities
taken
by
the
Sultan
Saladine
,
and
all
the
Christian
Prisoners
,
in
lieu
of
a
ten
years
Peace
which
was
accorded
,
and
the
Emperor
with
his
Army
coming
to
the
desolate
City
of
Jerusalem
,
and
there
with
great
Solemnity
on
Easter
Day
Anno
1229
was
Crowned
King
,
and
so
having
fortifyed
the
City
by
repairing
the
Wall
,
and
Garrisoned
Nazereth
,
Joppa
,
and
other
strong
Cities
,
and
appointed
Reynold
Duke
of
Bavaria
his
Lieutenant
in
Syria
,
he
returned
home
,
where
the
Pope
had
put
his
Subjects
in
an
uproar
,
and
Seized
upon
his
Kingdom
of
Naples
,
working
him
greater
troubles
then
are
convenient
to
be
here
related
,
as
not
pertinent
to
this
History
:
only
note
that
this
was
that
Frederick
,
that
marryed
the
King
of
Jerusalem's
Daughter
,
and
with
her
had
the
Title
of
King
of
Jerusalem
;
which
occasioned
his
setting
forward
to
take
possession
of
that
Kingdom
.
The
Emperor
was
no
sooner
returned
,
but
to
spight
him
,
and
break
the
ten
Years
League
,
he
sent
Lewis
King
of
Navar
with
a
great
Power
into
Syria
to
invade
the
Sultans
Dominions
;
but
his
Expedition
was
no
ways
prosperous
,
joyning
Battle
with
the
Sultans
Power
,
he
and
the
rest
of
the
Christians
were
overthrown
,
which
occasioned
the
loss
of
Jerusalem
,
soon
after
〈…〉
by
the
T●●ks
,
all
the
Souls
that
were
〈…〉
being
put
to
the
Sword
,
and
with
〈…〉
hands
demolished
the
〈◊〉
of
our
〈◊〉
Saviour
which
all
other
〈◊〉
had
with
a
〈◊〉
reverence
sorborn
to
〈◊〉
.
The
News
of
the
great
overthrow
and
the
loss
of
〈…〉
to
the
〈◊〉
of
the
Christian
Princes
of
the
〈◊〉
,
greatly
tro●●●ed
them
,
but
most
of
all
the
Emperor
and
Lewis
the
Ninth
King
of
France
:
Insomuch
that
the
latter
gathering
a
great
Power
Anno
1248.
set
Sail
and
came
to
the
Isle
of
Cyprus
and
there
wintered
,
by
reason
of
the
far
advancement
of
the
Season
,
during
which
time
he
received
an
Embassador
from
the
Master
of
the
Templars
,
to
inform
him
that
there
was
no
need
of
his
coming
by
reason
the
Sultan
oftered
honourable
terms
,
but
the
King
understanding
that
it
was
a
contrivance
between
them
that
the
Templars
might
have
the
greater
power
,
sent
back
to
command
him
under
pain
of
forseiting
his
head
that
he
should
receive
no
more
Embassadors
from
the
Sultan
,
and
Early
in
the
Spring
weighing
Anchor
within
five
or
six
days
sail
he
fell
in
with
the
Coast
of
Egypt
,
and
with
all
his
sleet
sailing
up
the
River
Nile
came
before
Damiata
,
to
oppose
whose
landing
the
Governour
with
what
forces
he
could
draw
out
stood
upon
the
banks
,
but
in
vain
they
resisted
,
for
the
French-men
manning
out
their
boats
thrust
on
shore
and
put
them
to
flight
,
leaving
the
Governour
and
500
of
their
Companions
dead
upon
the
Strand
,
and
perceiving
the
Christians
were
preparing
to
besiege
the
City
the
former
Miseries
it
had
indured
coming
afresh
into
their
mind
,
they
in
the
dead
of
night
set
every
man
his
house
on
fire
and
fled
,
which
the
Christians
perceiving
they
entered
the
City
,
and
exstinguished
the
slames
,
saving
so
much
as
was
possible
,
and
there
found
abundance
of
Riches
.
The
Sultan
upon
notice
of
the
loss
of
this
strong
City
was
greatly
dismayed
:
〈◊〉
he
sent
to
the
French
King
to
osser
him
several
places
in
Palestine
,
never
yet
in
the
possession
of
the
Christians
,
but
his
offer
was
rejected
and
〈…〉
by
the
Earl
of
〈◊〉
the
Kings
brother
.
During
these
s●irs
〈…〉
Brother
Melesh-S●ll●●
or
〈…〉
whom
joyned
the
Sultan
of
〈◊〉
,
to
oppose
the
Christians
,
and
with
his
whole
Power
drew
near
to
Damiata
,
where
the
Christian
Army
lay
incamped
;
who
Sallying
out
of
their
Trenches
beat
him
back
,
but
Sallying
the
next
day
,
and
following
the
Enemy
too
far
many
of
them
were
slain
,
and
the
rest
were
forced
to
retire
.
Long
they
were
not
incamped
,
before
a
private
Messenger
came
to
the
King
from
the
Governour
of
Cairo
,
to
inform
him
that
if
he
would
draw
near
to
the
Walls
of
that
great
City
,
he
would
put
it
into
his
hands
;
the
said
Governour
appearing
to
be
much
inclinable
to
the
Christian
Religion
:
Or
,
as
some
will
have
it
,
o●●
of
Revenge
for
the
Death
of
his
Brother
slain
by
the
Sultans
Command
.
Upon
which
the
King
assembled
all
his
Power
,
and
marched
till
he
came
to
an
Arm
of
N●●us
,
with
part
of
his
Army
,
under
the
Command
of
his
Brother
Robert
Earl
of
Arth●●s
passing
at
a
Board
,
discomfited
the
Turks
,
that
desended
the
further
Bank
;
but
contrary
to
the
advice
of
the
renowned
E●●l
,
and
the
Master
of
the
Templers
following
the
Chase
e'r
the
other
part
of
the
Army
arrived
,
he
was
incompassed
by
the
Sultans
power
,
that
●ay
in
Ambush
;
that
not
above
two
Templers
,
one
Hospitaler
,
and
a
common
Souldier
escaped
to
tell
the
heavy
News
.
This
News
was
seconded
,
with
that
of
the
Imprisonment
of
the
Governour
of
C●●●●o
;
which
altogether
disappointed
the
King
of
his
purpose
.
Whereupon
he
pasted
the
River
at
the
same
Board
his
Brother
had
done
,
and
behold
the
sad
〈◊〉
of
the
min●●ed
Careasses
of
the
slain
,
each
having
his
Head
and
Hards
●n●
off
,
the
Sultan
the
better
to
incourage
his
Men
,
haing
promised
rewards
to
〈◊〉
could
bring
them
either
,
but
long
he
had
〈◊〉
them
,
before
the
〈◊〉
come
upon
him
〈…〉
,
being
near
ten
〈…〉
;
and
after
a
〈…〉
overthrew
him
,
cutting
the
greatest
part
of
his
Army
in
pieces
,
and
amongst
the
rest
the
Flower
of
the
French
Nobility
:
The
King
and
some
few
of
the
Nobility
were
taken
Prisoners
,
and
for
their
Ransom
delivered
up
the
City
of
Damiata
,
and
payed
8000
pound
in
Gold
,
with
a
promise
of
a
ten
years
Peace
,
but
whilst
the
Sultan
was
accompanying
him
to
Damiata
,
two
desperate
Russians
assassinated
him
in
the
presence
of
his
Nobility
,
instigated
thereto
by
one
Turquiminus
a
Mamaluke
or
Slave
,
got
himself
proclaimed
Sultan
,
renouncing
the
League
that
Melech-Sala
had
made
,
and
made
another
in
his
own
Name
,
not
much
different
from
the
former
;
but
performed
not
above
the
half
part
,
but
in
fine
,
after
the
surrender
of
Damiata
,
which
the
new
Sultan
caused
to
be
rased
,
the
King
with
all
his
Retinue
were
Conducted
to
Ptolomais
,
and
at
the
end
of
six
years
,
from
his
setting
out
sailing
from
thence
arrived
in
his
own
Kingdom
,
having
lost
60000
of
his
Subjects
in
that
expedition
.
The
Sultan
being
as
aforesaid
Traiterously
murthered
,
the
Mamalukes
or
Slaves
,
bought
by
the
Sultans
of
divers
Merchants
,
to
serve
them
in
their
Wars
:
Put
an
end
to
the
Turkish
Kingdom
in
Egypt
,
by
deposing
all
such
as
bare
Offices
,
or
had
places
of
trust
,
advancing
those
of
their
own
order
,
continually
choosing
their
Sultans
from
amongst
themselves
,
flourishing
in
great
Renown
for
the
space
of
267
years
,
at
the
end
of
which
they
were
totally
subdued
by
〈◊〉
the
victorious
Emperor
of
the
〈…〉
151●
and
the
Kingdom
of
Egypt
with
all
〈◊〉
and
the
〈…〉
,
as
they
are
at
this
day
annexed
to
the
〈…〉
,
as
shall
be
in
process
of
this
History
〈…〉
these
Actions
passed
John
Dacc●●
,
〈…〉
●●ed
,
having
Reigned
successfully
for
the
space
of
〈◊〉
three
years
,
after
whom
succeeded
〈◊〉
his
So●
,
who
renewed
the
League
his
Father
had
made
with
the
Jathanites
,
the
Turkish
Sultan
in
the
lesser
Asia
,
after
which
with
a
puissant
Army
,
he
passed
the
Straights
of
Hellispont
to
appease
the
troubles
raised
in
Macedonia
,
and
Thessalia
by
the
King
of
Bulgaria
his
Father
in
Law
,
and
the
Despot
of
Thessalia
,
during
which
one
Michael
Paleologus
a
great
Courtier
fled
to
the
Turkish
Sultan
,
under
pretence
that
he
doubted
his
Life
,
by
reason
of
those
Enemies
he
had
at
Court
,
that
inveighed
against
him
;
and
at
his
coming
to
Iconium
,
sound
the
Sultan
leavying
an
Army
to
oppose
them
that
spoiled
his
Country
,
of
whom
he
was
kindly
received
,
and
the
Greeks
in
his
Service
reduced
under
his
Command
;
and
so
marching
against
the
Enemy
a
dreadful
Fight
began
,
the
Turks
charging
with
great
Courage
,
putting
the
Right-wing
to
flight
,
and
disordering
their
main
Battalion
:
So
that
Victory
began
to
declare
her self
in
favour
of
them
,
when
one
of
the
Sultans
chief
Commanders
out
of
some
former
grudge
,
fell
with
the
Squadron
of
Persian
Horse
under
his
Command
to
the
Enemy
,
and
by
that
means
turned
the
Scale
of
War
,
so
that
the
Turks
,
who
even
now
were
Conquerors
fled
for
their
Lives
;
nor
durst
the
Sultan
stay
in
his
own
Country
,
but
fled
to
Constantinople
,
where
of
the
Emperor
he
was
kindly
received
,
and
aided
with
what
Force
he
could
spare
,
under
the
leading
of
an
experienced
Captain
,
for
which
kindness
he
gave
the
Emperor
the
City
of
Laodicea
.
Not
long
after
this
,
was
Palelogus
received
into
Favour
,
and
restored
to
his
Dignity
,
upon
his
solemnly
swearing
to
be
true
and
Loyal
to
him
and
his
Sons
,
which
had
not
long
been
done
,
●'r
the
Emperor
fell
sick
and
dyed
,
Reigning
only
three
years
,
and
in
his
stend
was
Crowned
his
Son
John
,
a
Child
of
six
years
old
,
who
was
by
the
Emperors
last
Will
bequeathed
to
the
Tutorage
of
Arsenius
the
Patriarch
,
and
George
Muz●la
,
the
letter
of
which
being
of
mean
Birth
,
having
raised
for
his
Vertues
,
and
good
parts
by
the
departed
Emperor
,
which
caused
him
to
be
greatly
envyed
by
the
Courtiers
;
whereupon
he
assembling
together
,
desired
to
be
rid
of
his
Charge
,
but
every
one
seeming
unwilling
to
undertake
it
,
he
still
continued
with
much
Integrity
;
but
several
having
conspired
against
him
,
of
which
Paleologus
was
Chief
,
they
during
the
Obsequies
of
the
defunct
Emperor
slew
him
,
and
several
that
they
supposed
Favoured
him
,
even
at
the
Altar
;
and
in
a
short
time
Paleologus
usurped
the
Empire
,
not
in
the
least
regarding
his
former
Oath
.
About
this
time
Mango
,
the
great
Cham
of
Tartary
stirred
thereto
by
Amonius
the
Armenian
King
,
of
whom
he
had
received
the
Christian
Religion
:
Sent
his
Brother
Haalon
with
a
powerful
Army
against
the
Turks
,
and
Sarazens
in
Syria
,
and
the
Land
of
Palestine
,
who
in
the
space
of
six
Months
over-run
all
Persia
,
with
the
Countries
adjoyning
,
and
came
at
length
into
Syria
,
and
took
the
great
City
Babylon
at
that
time
,
commanded
by
the
Caliph
,
putting
all
the
Inhabitants
to
the
Sword
,
inriching
his
Soldiers
with
the
spoil
,
and
passing
from
thence
through
Mesopotamia
,
took
the
City
of
Rhoais
,
and
there
being
supplyed
with
fifty
two
Horse
and
Foot
entering
Syria
,
he
rased
Aleppo
and
other
strong
Towns
,
and
soon
after
won
Damasco
;
when
as
the
Sultan
with
his
Wife
and
Children
came
and
fell
before
him
,
desiring
him
to
spare
his
Country
,
but
in
vain
,
for
he
wasted
all
before
him
;
but
being
about
to
pass
on
to
Jerusalem
,
News
was
brought
him
of
his
Brothers
death
,
upon
which
he
returned
home
;
yet
at
his
departure
for
the
good
Will
he
bore
the
Christians
,
he
left
his
Son
Abiga
with
20000
Horse
to
aid
them
in
Wars
,
but
Abiga
hearing
of
his
Fathers
Troubles
about
his
Establishment
in
the
Empire
,
departed
with
10000
of
the
20000
leaving
the
rest
under
the
Command
of
Guirboca
a
valiant
Captain
,
who
by
some
affronts
put
upon
him
by
the
Christians
became
their
mortal
Enemy
,
yet
letted
not
give
battle
to
the
Sultans
Army
of
ten
times
to
the
number
,
and
not
being
aided
by
the
Christians
,
was
overthrown
,
wherein
himself
fighting
couragiously
with
greater
part
of
his
small
Army
were
slain
;
and
thereupon
Antioch
,
and
most
of
the
Towns
holden
by
the
Christians
,
were
taken
by
the
Sultan
Bandocador
.
By
this
time
the
Tartars
warring
in
the
lesser
Asia
,
had
driven
Jathanites
out
of
all
his
Dominions
,
whereupon
he
fled
to
the
Greek
Emperor
for
aid
,
or
Refuge
;
but
ingrateful
as
he
was
,
not
regarding
the
Kindness
he
had
received
at
his
Hands
,
when
he
fled
from
Theodorus
the
Emperor
,
he
committed
him
Prisoner
at
large
to
the
City
of
Aenus
in
Thrace
,
appointing
several
to
watch
him
so
narrowly
that
he
should
not
escape
.
When
Paleologus
had
Reigned
at
Nice
two
years
,
he
sent
Alexus
Stregopulus
against
the
Despot
of
Epirus
;
who
raised
Tumults
in
the
West
,
this
man
in
his
passage
with
a
small
Army
,
by
the
Treachery
of
the
Greeks
dwelling
in
Constantinople
,
found
means
to
surprize
that
City
,
and
again
annex
it
to
the
Greek
Empire
:
After
it
had
been
in
the
hands
of
the
Latines
fifty
eight
years
,
for
which
service
Alexus
triumphed
in
Purple
Robes
,
wearing
a
Crown
of
Gold
,
commanded
that
for
one
year
following
,
his
Name
next
to
his
should
be
mentioned
in
all
publick
Prayer
,
Psalms
and
Hymns
.
But
now
the
Son
of
Theodorius
,
whose
Right
this
Emperor
had
usurped
,
coming
to
years
of
Discretion
,
it
bred
much
jealousie
in
him
,
that
lest
any
discontented
Person
espousing
his
Quarrel
,
should
pluck
the
Crown
from
off
his
Head
,
and
place
it
where
it
ought
to
rest
:
Whereupon
to
render
him
unfit
for
Government
,
he
like
a
barbarous
Wretch
deprived
him
of
his
sight
,
which
his
Aunt
Queen
of
Bulgaria
,
no
sooner
understood
,
but
with
many
Arguments
stirred
up
her
Husband
,
to
make
War
upon
the
Usurper
;
and
at
the
same
time
being
solicited
by
the
Sultan
Jathanites
to
deliver
him
from
his
Confinement
;
he
with
a
great
Power
of
Scythians
,
his
own
Subjects
,
entered
the
Empire
,
wasting
all
before
him
with
Fire
and
Sword
,
hoping
to
surprize
the
Emperor
in
his
return
from
his
Expedition
against
the
Despot
of
Servia
;
but
failing
of
him
,
he
turned
to
Aenus
,
and
took
thence
the
Sultan
the
Citizens
gladly
delivering
him
to
save
their
Lives
,
and
contenting
himself
with
the
spoil
of
Thracia
,
he
passed
over
Ister
,
and
returned
into
his
own
Country
.
Jathanites
,
the
Sultan
,
being
set
at
Liberty
by
the
King
of
Bulgaria
,
for
Grief
of
his
great
loss
dyed
,
not
leaving
any
Dominions
to
his
Children
:
Yet
not
long
after
Gazan
the
great
Cham
of
Tartary
,
as
his
Vassals
,
two
of
his
Kinsmen
of
the
Zelzuccian
Family
,
viz.
Mesot
and
Rei-Cubades
,
they
in
acknowledgment
thereof
,
paying
him
a
yearly
Tribute
,
placed
them
in
part
of
his
Dominions
;
and
thus
fell
the
Turkish
Empire
in
the
lesser
Asia
,
being
Rent
in
pieces
by
the
Tartars
,
who
afterward
seized
upon
a
great
part
of
the
Greek
Empire
;
they
and
the
Fugitive
Turks
together
,
possessing
themselves
of
the
Countries
from
Pontus
and
Galatia
,
unto
the
Lyeian
and
Carian
Seas
,
and
the
River
Eurymedon
.
Anno
1270.
King
Lewis
of
France
,
aided
by
Henry
the
Third
of
England
and
divers
others
resolved
,
upon
a
second
Expedition
into
the
Holy-Land
;
the
years
Truce
being
exspired
,
he
set
out
from
the
Haven
of
Marseilles
,
with
a
great
Fleet
of
Ships
,
and
coming
before
Carthage
,
he
found
in
the
Port
a
great
number
of
the
Enemies
Ships
which
he
seized
,
and
after
some
light
Skirmishes
,
with
those
that
kept
the
shoar
,
Landed
his
Men
,
and
laid
close
Siege
to
the
City
,
which
after
many
desperate
,
though
unsuccessful
Sallies
of
the
besieged
sarrendered
upon
Condition
to
depart
.
Carthage
being
won
,
the
King
laid
Siege
to
Tums
,
to
relieve
which
the
King
of
Fez
with
a
great
Army
of
the
Moors
came
down
,
but
was
quickly
forced
to
retire
with
10000
less
then
he
brought
;
but
this
Siege
continuing
long
,
a
mortal
Pestilence
happen'd
in
the
Army
,
the
Kings
youngest
Son
dyed
,
and
in
the
end
himself
with
many
of
his
prime
Nobility
,
which
greatly
incouraged
the
Moors
;
but
their
joy
lasted
not
long
,
for
soon
after
came
thither
Prince
Edward
,
Hemy
the
Third
King
of
Englands
eldest
Son
,
with
sixteen
Ships
fraught
with
Valiant
English
Soldiers
,
as
also
the
King
of
Ci●ilia
,
Navar
,
and
Arragon
with
great
Forces
,
upon
which
the
Morish
King
making
many
large
o●●ers
for
Peace
,
it
was
granted
in
the
Name
of
all
the
Princes
,
on
Condition
that
he
should
pay
a
yearly
Trib●●e
of
40000
Crowns
to
the
King
of
Scicily
,
and
to
suffer
the
Christian
Religion
,
freely
to
be
Exercised
throughout
his
Dominions
,
in
all
its
particulars
;
which
Articles
being
concluded
on
and
ratified
,
though
contrary
to
the
mind
of
Prince
Edward
,
they
weighed
Anchor
,
and
stood
for
the
Isle
of
Scicily
,
intending
there
to
Winter
,
and
the
next
Spring
to
pass
into
Syria
:
But
coming
into
the
Bay
,
the
Princes
were
no
sooner
got
on
shoar
,
but
a
terrible
Storm
arose
,
that
most
of
the
Fleet
were
broken
to
pieces
,
only
of
Prince
Edward's
Fleet
not
one
Ship
perished
in
this
wrack
,
a
great
part
of
the
Mariners
and
Soldiers
were
drowned
,
and
the
Plague
still
raging
amongst
them
in
such
sort
,
that
the
French
Queen
,
the
King
of
Navar
,
and
divers
others
of
great
Rank
dyed
;
which
so
discourag'd
Philip
the
French
King
,
that
he
returned
into
France
,
without
Attempting
any
thing
further
,
and
with
him
all
the
rest
(
Prince
Edward
his
English
excepted
)
returned
into
their
Respective
Countries
;
but
the
Prince
kept
on
his
way
till
he
arrived
at
Ptolomais
,
and
was
received
by
the
Christians
with
great
joy
,
where
having
rested
himself
for
a
while
,
and
inquired
into
the
nature
of
the
Country
,
he
with
6
or
7000
of
his
English
,
took
Nazareth
,
and
upon
his
return
overthrew
a
great
Army
of
Sarazens
,
that
supposed
to
have
intrapped
him
,
and
at
another
time
overthrew
them
with
great
Slaughter
,
near
Cakhow
,
a
Village
about
40
Miles
from
P●olomais
:
And
so
succesfull
was
he
in
all
his
undertakings
,
that
the
Infidels
extreamly
dreaded
him
;
Insomuch
that
the
Admiral
of
Joppa
,
feigned
himself
to
be
converted
to
the
Christian
Religion
,
sent
one
of
his
Servants
to
commune
with
the
Prince
,
about
diverse
Matters
,
who
being
admitted
in
Private
,
and
seeming
as
if
he
would
draw
a
letter
out
of
his
Bosom
,
with
an
Impoisoned
knife
,
supposed
to
have
Stabbed
the
Prince
into
the
Belly
,
but
he
being
aware
received
the
Wound
on
his
Arm
,
and
with
his
foot
Struck
the
Villain
down
,
and
then
wresting
from
him
the
knife
Stabbed
him
,
during
which
buffle
the
Guards
entered
,
and
cut
him
in
Pieces
as
he
lay
on
the
Ground
.
This
Villain
the
Sultan
sent
to
excuse
,
Swearing
by
Mahomet
it
was
not
done
with
his
privity
,
nor
consent
,
but
however
such
was
the
nature
of
the
poison
,
that
it
was
not
cured
without
great
difficulty
.
The
Prince
having
a
long
time
in
vain
,
expected
the
coming
of
the
other
Christian
Princes
,
thought
good
to
return
,
which
accordingly
he
did
having
first
concluded
a
Peace
with
the
Sultan
,
and
shortly
after
his
return
,
his
Father
Henry
dying
,
he
was
Crowned
King
of
England
,
&c.
Anno
1273
,
〈◊〉
having
been
advanc'd
by
the
Pope
to
the
〈…〉
,
upon
promise
to
pass
into
the
〈…〉
himself
for
so
tedious
a
Voyage
,
sent
his
Son
Henry
Prince
of
M●●●l●burg
,
who
a●●●●ing
at
〈◊〉
,
with
a
great
Power
,
wasted
the
Territories
of
Damasco
with
fire
and
Sword
,
taking
many
Towns
,
but
at
length
being
intercepted
by
the
Mamalu●●s
,
he
was
taken
Prisoner
,
and
a
great
part
of
his
Army
slain
,
in
which
state
he
with
one
Servant
remained
26
years
,
no
Ransom
being
accepted
for
his
deliverance
,
at
which
time
a
Runagado
German
,
coming
to
the
Sultan
,
set
him
at
Liberty
,
and
sent
him
,
who
upon
his
return
,
was
not
known
to
his
nearest
Relations
,
who
supposed
him
long
before
silent
in
his
Grave
,
and
indeed
he
lived
not
long
after
his
return
.
The
Princes
of
the
West
growing
weary
of
these
tedious
expeditions
,
the
Infidels
thereby
encouraged
,
under
the
leading
of
Alphix
or
Elpis
their
Sultan
,
rased
Tripolis
,
Sidon
and
Berythus
,
putting
most
of
the
Inhabitants
to
the
Sword
,
the
Christians
having
now
nothing
left
but
the
strong
City
Ptolomais
;
and
yet
they
were
at
variance
amongst
themselves
,
some
for
the
Government
of
the
City
,
and
some
for
the
title
of
King
of
Jerusalem
:
During
the
contest
Sultan
Araphius
sent
his
Son
to
besiege
Ptolomais
,
who
in
vain
assaulting
it
,
many
times
made
large
offers
,
if
he
might
have
it
delivered
;
but
they
as
little
prevailed
,
whereupon
his
Father
being
dead
and
himself
chosen
Sultan
,
he
drew
down
before
it
15000
Horse
and
Foot
,
assaulting
it
on
every
side
,
filling
up
the
ditches
with
his
Multitude
,
but
the
Christians
from
the
Wall
,
and
by
sallying
,
killed
so
many
of
the
Infidels
,
that
they
were
forced
to
retire
to
their
trenches
,
yet
in
the
Skirmish
,
Peter
Grand
Master
of
the
Templars
,
being
Shot
with
a
Poison
Arrow
,
died
within
three
days
,
and
with
him
all
the
courage
of
the
besieged
,
for
from
that
time
,
such
as
could
make
their
escape
by
Sea
departed
,
so
that
the
City
being
in
the
end
left
destitute
of
Defendants
,
was
by
the
Sultan
taken
and
rased
,
all
such
as
were
found
therein
,
being
put
to
the
Sword
,
so
that
the
Christians
were
utterly
rooted
out
of
Syria
,
this
being
the
last
City
which
had
remained
in
the
hands
of
the
Christians
for
upwards
of
100
years
,
and
was
lost
Anno
1291
,
just
192
years
after
the
winning
of
Jerusalem
by
Duke
Godfry
.
And
now
the
Christian
Princes
despairing
to
recover
what
they
had
lost
,
Cassanes
the
Tartarian
Prince
moved
thereto
by
his
Wife
and
her
Father
the
King
of
Armenia
,
undertook
the
Enterprize
,
and
with
a
powerfull
Army
entered
Syria
,
wasting
all
before
him
,
when
not
far
from
the
Mountain
Amanus
,
he
met
with
Melsenoser
,
the
Sultan
of
Egypt's
Lievtenant
,
and
put
him
to
flight
with
the
loss
of
40000
of
his
Souldiers
,
and
drave
him
quite
out
of
Syria
,
sending
Molais
one
of
his
Captains
to
pursue
him
over
the
desart
Sands
,
to
the
Confines
of
Egypt
;
then
taking
in
all
the
Cities
as
he
passed
,
and
in
the
City
of
Hama
lighting
upon
the
Sultans
treasure
,
he
divided
it
amongst
his
Souldiers
,
and
having
fortified
Jerusalem
and
Damasco
,
he
purposed
in
the
Spring
to
have
passed
into
Egypt
,
and
to
have
destroyed
the
Country
;
but
in
the
mean
time
,
receiving
news
that
great
tumults
were
risen
in
Persia
,
his
new
acquired
Empire
,
he
with
part
of
his
Army
departed
to
allay
them
,
leaving
Capcapus
Governour
of
Damasco
,
and
his
great
Captain
Molais
of
Jerusalem
,
with
order
to
send
Embassadors
to
the
Princes
of
the
West
;
but
they
being
Imbroyled
amongst
themselves
,
nothing
could
be
obtained
,
so
that
no
aids
coming
from
the
Tartar
,
nor
King
of
Armenia
,
the
Towns
were
as
easily
recovered
by
the
Egyptian
Sultan
,
as
they
had
been
taken
from
him
by
the
Tartarian
Cham.
And
thus
taking
my
leave
of
Syria
for
the
present
,
I
shall
return
into
the
lesser
Asia
,
where
I
find
Mesoot
and
Rei-Cubades
,
the
two
Tributary
Turkish
Princes
dead
,
without
doing
a
any
thing
worthy
of
note
,
of
which
the
latter
left
a
Son
named
Aladan
,
who
likewise
paying
Tribute
,
held
joyntly
the
Kingdom
,
that
were
before
possessed
by
his
Father
and
Uncle
.
This
Aladine
the
last
of
the
Selzuccian
Family
dying
without
issue
,
one
Sahib
his
chief
Councellour
and
then
a
man
of
great
Authority
,
aspired
unto
the
Kingdom
,
but
being
risen
from
a
mean
estate
,
he
was
highly
envyed
by
the
Nobility
,
they
casting
off
all
respect
from
him
,
by
force
divided
the
Kingdom
amongst
themselves
,
every
one
seizing
the
Province
he
could
best
light
on
;
so
that
Sahib
who
was
first
in
possession
,
lost
all
,
no
part
remaining
as
his
Lot
,
so
that
they
turned
it
into
a
perfect
Anarchy
,
of
which
the
greatest
share
fell
to
Caraman
Alusirus
,
who
strongest
took
Iconium
,
with
part
of
Cilicia
,
Lycaonia
,
Pamphilia
,
Caria
,
and
Phrygia
;
and
of
him
descended
the
Caramanian
Kings
,
who
in
the
rise
of
the
Othoman
Empire
,
put
the
Turks
so
often
to
the
Foil
:
The
next
to
him
was
Saruchan
,
who
possessed
himself
of
the
greatest
part
of
Lydia
,
and
some
other
Countries
adjoyning
;
Troas
,
Phrygia
,
and
part
of
Mysia
,
fell
to
Calumus
and
his
Son
Carasius
;
the
remaining
part
of
Mysia
,
and
part
of
Lydia
,
was
seized
by
Aidin
;
part
of
Pontus
,
the
Cities
of
Heraclea
,
Pontica
Castomonia
,
Synope
,
and
others
near
to
the
Euxine
Sea
,
and
Country
of
Paphlagonia
,
fell
into
the
hands
of
the
Sons
of
Omer
,
or
as
the
Greeks
call
them
Amar
,
of
whom
the
Country
took
not
their
names
,
as
did
the
former
of
these
that
possessed
them
,
but
is
commonly
called
Bolli
,
so
named
of
the
Metropolis
,
as
also
was
Mendesia
,
or
as
some
will
have
it
Mentetia
,
a
Country
in
the
Lesser
Asia
.
These
and
divers
others
,
were
the
divisions
of
the
Turkish
Empire
in
Persia
,
and
the
Lesser
Asia
,
which
Anarchy
caused
their
Subjection
,
and
utter
subversion
,
as
in
the
Succeeding
part
of
this
History
,
will
at
large
appear
.
During
this
confusion
amongst
the
rest
of
the
great
Captains
,
there
happened
one
Othoman
,
of
the
Oguzian
Family
,
who
had
been
raised
from
a
low
estate
,
by
Sultan
Aladine
,
yet
by
reason
he
was
not
of
the
Selzuccian
Family
,
they
made
little
account
of
him
,
not
permiting
him
to
share
with
them
in
their
division
,
though
by
what
justice
is
uncertain
;
all
of
them
feared
his
rising
fortune
,
and
strove
what
in
them
lay
,
to
hinder
,
but
in
vain
,
for
the
Destinies
so
ordering
it
,
he
in
a
short
time
became
the
Founder
of
the
Othoman
Empire
,
as
in
the
Perusal
of
his
Life
and
Actions
will
appear
.
CHAP.
VI.
The
Rise
of
the
Powerfull
Empire
of
the
Turks
,
under
Othoman
its
first
Founder
,
with
his
Life
and
Actions
.
THat
Empires
and
Kingdoms
have
their
Limitation
from
the
Soveraign
Creator
and
Disposer
of
all
things
,
it
is
undeniably
evident
,
by
the
Sundry
Mutations
that
have
been
in
all
Ages
of
the
World
,
for
nothing
can
be
assured
of
long
continuance
,
though
never
so
great
and
powerful
.
How
are
the
great
Monarchies
of
the
Persians
,
Medians
,
Babylonians
,
Chaldeans
,
Romans
,
and
the
like
,
dwindled
away
into
nothing
,
no
more
then
a
bare
Relation
,
of
their
Names
and
Greatness
remaining
to
testifie
the
mighty
actions
they
performed
,
when
at
their
becks
were
half
three
parts
of
Mankind
.
And
indeed
no
less
famous
was
the
Turkish
Empire
in
Persia
,
and
the
Lesser
Asia
,
till
broken
and
dismembred
,
by
the
violent
intrusion
of
the
Tartars
,
a
Savage
People
bursting
from
the
Frozen-North
,
to
the
Terror
and
Subversion
of
the
greatest
part
of
Asia
,
and
Africa
;
but
now
under
the
Turkish
Scepter
,
as
shall
by
the
subsequent
Discourse
appear
.
During
the
time
that
the
Tartars
overwhelmed
the
Turkish
Dominions
in
Asia
,
Solyman
,
of
the
Oguzian
Family
,
Reigning
in
the
lesser
Asia
;
and
seeing
his
Country-man
the
Sultan
of
Persia
,
driven
from
all
his
Possessions
,
thought
it
not
safe
for
him
,
of
far
Inferior
force
,
to
abide
the
Sorm
;
but
flying
with
such
People
as
would
follow
him
,
after
long
wandring
,
the
Tempest
being
near
over
,
and
he
desiring
to
return
home
,
as
he
was
about
to
pass
the
Danube
,
was
carried
away
by
the
Stream
,
and
drowned
,
leaving
behind
him
four
Sons
,
viz.
Sencur
,
Teken
,
Jundogdis
,
and
Ertogrul
,
of
some
called
Orthobules
,
who
was
the
Father
of
Othoman
.
This
Ertogrul
after
the
Death
of
his
Father
,
having
notice
that
Aladine
the
Sultan
had
again
settled
himself
in
the
lesser
Asia
:
Sent
Messengers
to
him
,
to
desire
him
,
that
he
and
the
rest
of
his
poor
followers
,
who
were
Herdsmen
driving
Flocks
still
before
them
as
they
travelled
,
might
inhabit
in
some
Corner
of
his
Country
.
The
Sultan
not
unmindful
of
the
state
of
poor
Exiles
,
it
having
so
lately
been
his
own
Case
,
appointed
them
a
Village
called
Suguta
,
lying
between
the
Castle
Belezuga
,
and
Mount
Tmolus
in
the
greater
Phrygia
;
during
whose
residence
there
with
his
small
Train
,
the
Sultan
had
many
Conflicts
with
the
Tartars
,
whose
Power
by
this
time
was
in
its
Wain
;
and
being
hard
put
to
it
in
one
Battle
near
the
said
Village
,
Ertogrul
with
four
hundred
of
his
Herdsmen
unexpectedly
came
to
his
Assistance
,
and
behaved
himself
so
valiantly
,
that
the
Tartars
were
put
to
flight
,
for
which
the
Sultan
honoured
him
with
a
rich
Cloak
,
and
began
highly
to
prize
his
Valour
;
insomuch
that
he
inlarged
his
Territories
,
making
him
a
petty
Lord
,
which
Lordship
with
great
Repute
,
he
held
during
the
Reign
of
the
Sultan
,
doing
many
notable
Services
,
as
taking
the
Castle
of
Cara-Chisar
from
the
Christians
,
who
by
their
many
Injuries
had
exasperated
the
Sultan
;
but
after
the
Sultans
Death
,
those
that
succeeded
,
being
Tributaries
to
the
Tartars
,
till
such
time
as
the
Kingdom
was
Anachised
,
he
lived
quietly
at
home
;
during
which
time
many
conceived
great
hopes
of
his
younger
Son
Othoman
,
called
by
some
Osman
Gazi
,
or
Osman
the
Warlike
,
by
reason
of
the
great
delight
he
had
in
Arms
when
he
was
a
Child
,
and
when
grown
up
,
to
discourse
and
Argue
with
the
Commanders
and
Governours
,
of
whom
he
had
the
general
Esteem
of
an
active
Youth
,
designed
for
great
Atchievements
,
as
it
afterward
fell
out
.
One
day
Othoman
going
to
visit
the
Governour
of
Eski-Chisar
,
lately
taken
from
the
Christians
by
his
Father
:
He
fell
in
Love
by
the
way
with
a
beautiful
Damosel
,
named
Malhatun
,
and
sent
to
request
her
in
Marriage
,
but
she
seeming
something
averse
,
excusing
her self
that
she
was
of
too
mean
a
Parentage
,
and
not
a
fitting
Match
for
him
,
that
was
so
nobly
descended
;
he
as
she
conceived
,
designing
rather
to
Debauch
her
,
then
make
her
his
Wife
;
but
this
modest
repulse
making
him
more
and
more
desire
her
,
he
in
other
Discourses
declared
his
Affections
to
the
aforesaid
Governour
,
who
seeming
little
to
take
notice
thereof
,
begun
to
be
inflamed
with
the
Love
of
the
Damosel
unseen
,
by
the
lively
Description
Othoman
had
given
of
her
rare
Perfection
,
which
Othoman
well
perceiving
,
and
fearful
that
he
should
inforce
her
to
his
Lust
,
having
great
Power
in
that
Country
;
he
sent
her
Parents
notice
thereof
,
who
tender
of
their
Daughters
Honour
,
sent
her
away
secretly
,
the
which
upon
Knowledge
it
was
done
by
Othomans
means
,
so
inraged
the
Governour
,
that
he
vowed
Revenge
,
and
sent
after
him
a
strong
Party
to
seize
him
at
the
Castle
of
In-Vngi
,
whither
he
knew
he
was
gone
,
where
being
demanded
of
the
Captain
of
that
Castle
,
after
some
Debate
those
that
kept
it
resolved
to
defend
him
;
but
he
not
greatly
trusting
them
(
as
knowing
the
Governours
Power
in
those
parts
)
with
several
of
his
trusty
Friends
,
he
broke
through
the
Leagures
,
killing
some
,
and
dispersing
the
rest
;
yet
other
Forces
coming
to
their
Assistance
,
they
followed
him
into
his
Fathers
Territories
,
where
his
Danger
was
no
sooner
known
,
but
all
the
Youths
Armed
,
and
setting
upon
the
Governours
Soldiers
,
they
slew
many
,
took
some
Prisoners
,
and
put
the
rest
to
flight
:
So
that
Othoman
began
to
be
feared
of
such
as
hated
him
.
Ertogrul
being
spent
with
Age
and
Infirmity
,
created
by
lying
in
the
Field
,
and
watching
in
Camps
,
dyed
in
the
ninety
third
year
of
his
Age
,
Anno
1289.
Having
since
the
Death
of
Solyman
his
Father
,
governed
the
Og●zian
Family
fifty
two
years
,
who
now
being
dead
,
the
Heads
of
the
Family
assembled
to
chuse
another
Lord
,
and
thereupon
they
pitched
upon
Dunder
,
Entogrul's
Brother
,
but
he
by
reason
of
his
great
Age
refusing
the
Honour
;
they
with
one
Consent
elected
Othoman
,
saluting
him
by
the
Name
of
Beg
or
Lord
,
he
being
by
this
means
become
Lord
of
the
same
Family
.
The
Herdsmen
that
sed
their
Flocks
upon
the
Mountains
complained
to
him
,
of
outrages
done
them
in
passing
and
repassing
by
the
Garrison
or
Soldiers
of
the
Castle
of
Einegiol
,
they
being
thereto
incited
by
their
Captain
,
with
which
he
being
not
a
little
grieved
,
sent
to
the
Captain
of
Bil●zuga
his
Friend
,
another
Castle
not
far
distant
from
the
former
,
to
permit
his
People
to
shelter
and
refresh
themselves
therein
,
during
their
passing
and
repassing
to
the
Mountains
,
to
which
in
Relation
to
the
Turkish
Women
he
Consented
,
but
not
to
permit
the
Men
for
Fear
of
a
surprize
:
So
that
they
went
another
way
,
avoiding
the
former
Castle
,
but
Othoman
still
studying
Revenge
for
the
Injuries
done
to
his
People
;
whereupon
gathering
what
Force
he
could
,
he
passed
to
the
Mountains
,
in
hopes
to
surprize
it
;
but
the
Captain
having
notice
thereof
came
out
to
meet
him
,
laying
an
Ambush
in
hopes
to
intrap
him
,
of
which
he
being
aware
came
not
into
it
,
but
gave
the
Captain
battle
upon
plain
Ground
;
and
after
some
slaughter
on
both
side
put
him
to
slight
,
and
passing
on
took
the
Castle
of
Chalce
not
far
from
Einegiol
by
surprize
,
putting
all
he
found
therein
to
the
Sword
,
of
which
outrage
great
Complaint
was
made
to
the
Governour
of
Cara-Chisar
,
and
great
Forces
raised
to
apprehend
him
,
and
destroy
the
Oguzian
Family
,
who
as
they
said
coming
not
long
before
,
poor
Herdsmen
and
sheltered
out
of
Pity
,
began
to
Usurp
over
the
rightful
Inhabitants
.
Against
these
Preparations
Othoman
provided
the
best
he
could
,
and
near
to
Mount
Tmolus
,
gave
Battle
to
Calanus
,
Brother
to
the
Governour
of
Cara-Chisar
,
who
overthrown
in
the
Battle
lost
his
Brother
Saragatine
,
and
many
other
Friends
;
when
shortly
after
Sultan
Aladine
the
last
Sultan
of
Iconium
understanding
what
had
happened
,
and
that
Othoman
might
stand
him
in
stead
against
the
Christians
,
gave
him
the
City
of
Paleopolis
,
with
all
the
Territories
thereunto
belonging
:
So
by
this
means
he
became
of
a
poor
Herdsman
,
a
formidable
Governour
,
when
not
unmindful
upon
what
Account
such
a
Favour
was
bestowed
upon
him
,
he
entred
into
Consultation
with
his
Brother
Jundus
,
how
he
might
best
get
away
,
but
he
finding
himself
too
weak
,
and
by
that
means
Considering
he
should
lay
himself
open
to
the
Fury
of
the
Tartar
,
he
resolved
to
make
Peace
with
such
as
would
accord
thereto
,
and
wait
his
better
Fortune
;
for
there
wanted
not
some
of
the
Selzuccian
Family
,
that
greatly
envied
his
Aspiring
,
yet
incouraged
by
the
Sultan
,
he
took
the
strong
Castle
of
Cara-Chisar
the
residence
of
his
Enemy
,
and
so
settled
his
Affairs
,
winning
upon
his
People
with
kind
Speeches
and
bounty
,
that
great
numbers
of
the
Turks
daily
resorted
to
him
.
Now
during
the
prosperous
Proceedings
of
Othoman
,
there
happened
a
Quarrel
between
the
two
Christian
Captains
of
Belezuga
,
and
Cupri-Chisar
,
upon
which
the
former
doubting
his
strength
,
and
yet
desirous
of
Revenge
solicited
Othoman
for
aid
,
who
in
lieu
of
some
kindnesses
received
,
came
to
his
Assistance
with
100
Turks
;
by
whose
Valour
he
overthrew
his
Adversary
,
took
his
Castle
,
and
put
him
to
the
Sword
,
which
so
swelled
the
Captain
with
Pride
that
he
gave
Othoman
many
rich
Gifts
,
as
likewise
to
his
Soldiers
;
but
what
vexed
them
more
then
the
Gifts
pleased
them
,
he
gave
them
his
Hand
to
kiss
;
and
above
all
,
Othoman
who
adviced
with
his
Cozen
Dunder
his
Uncles
Son
,
what
Revenge
was
best
to
be
taken
,
to
humble
the
Captains
insolence
;
but
seeming
to
disswade
him
from
any
such
Attempt
,
and
to
be
the
Captains
Friend
,
lest
he
should
relate
his
Intentions
,
and
that
redound
to
his
prejudice
,
resolving
to
make
all
;
he
at
an
advantage
shot
his
Cozen
through
with
an
Arrow
,
and
hid
him
in
the
Sand.
Long
it
was
not
after
this
Transaction
,
e'r
he
was
invited
by
one
Michael
Cossi
Captain
of
Hirmen
Caia
,
to
the
Marriage
of
his
Daughter
,
where
according
to
the
Custom
of
the
Country
,
making
large
Presents
;
the
rest
of
Captains
began
to
mistrust
his
greatness
,
so
that
the
Captain
of
Belezuga
resolved
to
prevent
it
with
his
Death
,
and
therefore
the
better
to
have
him
within
his
Power
,
he
invited
him
to
his
Wedding
at
a
certain
day
,
making
Cossi
privy
to
his
Design
:
And
a
little
before
the
appointed
time
,
sent
Cossi
to
fetch
him
,
who
was
as
ready
to
accompany
him
,
which
Cossi
perceiving
,
to
prevent
his
Ruin
discovered
the
Conspiracy
against
his
Life
:
Whereupon
he
Contracted
a
strict
Amity
with
him
,
obliging
him
to
secrecy
,
and
then
began
to
cast
about
how
he
might
be
revenged
of
the
said
Captain
;
and
so
ordered
it
,
that
sending
about
forty
men
in
a
Carriage
instead
of
packs
of
Presents
,
they
,
whilst
the
Captain
and
all
his
People
,
unless
a
few
left
to
secure
the
Castle
,
by
the
help
of
some
Soldiers
,
who
in
the
habit
of
Turkish
Women
were
sent
thither
by
the
Captains
order
,
as
Othomans
Friends
,
surprized
it
,
putting
the
Warders
to
the
Sword
:
Now
Othoman
came
according
the
Captains
wish
,
and
stayed
drinking
with
him
in
his
pleasant
Bowers
,
till
he
supposed
his
men
had
effected
his
Commands
;
and
together
with
Cossi
and
some
other
of
his
Companions
retired
,
which
the
Captain
perceiving
,
and
loath
to
let
him
escape
his
Hands
,
as
supposing
he
had
him
sure
;
he
and
all
his
Soldiers
followed
him
,
but
being
over-charged
with
Wine
,
they
were
by
him
and
his
Company
lightly
slain
.
Things
thus
prospering
he
followed
his
Advantage
,
and
the
next
Morning
surprized
the
Castle
of
Jarchisar
,
took
the
Captain
Prisoner
;
as
likewise
Lubufer
the
fair
Damosel
with
all
her
Attendants
,
that
should
have
the
next
day
been
Married
to
the
Captain
of
Bilezuga
,
and
gave
her
in
Marriage
to
his
Son
Orchanes
,
who
had
Issue
by
her
Amurath
,
the
third
King
of
the
Turks
,
and
Solyman
Bassa
;
and
immediately
thereupon
besieged
the
Castle
of
Einegiol
,
which
he
took
,
and
put
the
Garrison
to
the
Sword
;
and
now
no
longer
resolving
to
play
small
Games
,
he
besieged
the
City
of
Nice
in
Bythinia
,
not
many
years
before
the
Seat
of
the
Greek
Emperor
,
to
relieve
which
the
Emperor
sent
such
Forces
as
could
upon
so
short
a
warning
be
drawn
together
;
which
Othoman
encountring
with
overthrew
,
and
afterward
by
Famine
constrained
the
Citizens
upon
promise
of
Life
,
to
surrender
the
City
with
spoils
,
of
which
he
greatly
inriched
himself
,
sending
part
thereof
to
the
Sultan
,
who
in
requital
ordered
prayers
to
be
put
up
for
his
prosperous
Success
,
promising
that
he
should
succeed
him
in
his
Kingdom
,
of
which
being
disappointed
,
at
the
death
of
the
said
Sultan
by
those
that
divided
it
into
an
Anarchy
,
he
nevertheless
took
upon
him
the
Dignity
of
a
Sultan
,
Coining
Money
,
and
Causing
publick
prayers
to
be
put
up
in
his
own
name
,
and
sezing
upon
Neapolis
,
made
it
his
Regal
seat
calling
it
Despotopolis
or
the
City
of
the
Prince
;
and
thus
Anno
1300
begun
the
great
Empire
of
the
Turks
.
This
upstart
Turk
having
so
soon
advanced
his
fortune
,
setled
his
Government
with
wholesom
Laws
,
the
lasting
Cords
of
Empire
,
and
then
drawing
all
his
forces
together
lay'd
Siege
to
Prusia
,
during
which
the
Christian
Princes
that
bordered
upon
him
,
drew
all
their
forces
together
,
resolving
to
give
him
battle
,
but
therein
his
good
fortune
prevailing
they
were
overthrown
,
whereupon
several
Towns
and
Castles
fell
into
his
hands
,
some
surrendring
voluntarily
,
and
others
by
force
compelled
so
to
do
;
but
the
strong
City
of
Prusia
,
in
which
was
the
broken
Army
of
the
Christians
stood
impregnable
,
whereupon
he
built
two
Castles
to
block
it
up
,
and
returned
to
Neapolis
,
sending
his
Captains
out
daily
with
strong
parties
,
to
fetch
booties
out
of
the
Christian
Territories
,
and
to
take
in
such
Castles
as
by
surprize
,
or
otherwise
might
fall
into
their
hands
:
His
Power
being
now
greatly
increased
,
that
he
was
able
to
draw
into
the
Field
20
or
30000
Horse
and
Foot
,
at
what
time
Cossi
the
Christian
Captain
revolting
,
turned
Turk
,
and
stood
Othoman
in
great
stead
during
his
Wars
;
nor
did
the
other
Turks
in
the
Lesser
Asia
less
indammage
the
Christians
,
so
that
the
Greek
Empire
began
to
Dwindle
into
a
small
Circumference
,
occasioned
by
the
divisions
amongst
themselves
about
Religion
;
for
young
Baldwin
the
Latin
Emperor
,
being
expelled
Constantinople
,
as
is
aforesaid
in
flying
into
Germany
,
lay
daily
at
Charles
the
Emperor
to
restore
him
,
which
Paleologus
the
Greek
Emperor
understanding
,
offered
unto
Pope
Gregory
the
tenth
,
that
if
he
would
divert
the
Emperors
forces
by
intangling
him
in
Domestick
troubles
,
he
would
so
order
the
matter
that
the
Greek
Empire
,
in
matters
of
Religion
should
acknowledge
the
See
of
Rome
as
Supream
,
and
from
thence
take
all
directions
as
to
Ecclesiastical
affairs
,
which
Innovation
caused
divers
tumults
,
and
many
to
leave
the
Empire
,
rather
chosing
to
dwell
with
the
Turks
,
which
troubles
lasted
to
the
Death
of
Paleologus
,
nor
could
he
fulfil
his
promise
to
the
Pope
.
After
the
Greek
Emperors
Death
,
Andronicus
succeeded
in
the
Empire
,
who
was
no
less
troubled
with
the
Incursions
of
the
Turks
,
yet
he
fought
with
them
several
Battles
with
various
with
Success
,
but
then
a
difference
arising
between
him
and
his
Brother
Constantine
,
all
his
hopes
of
prevailing
vanish'd
though
without
cause
,
as
most
believe
suspected
his
Brothers
aspiring
to
Empire
,
who
was
one
of
the
chiefest
Bulwarks
a-against
the
Turks
,
beyond
the
River
Meander
,
giving
to
them
many
a
fatal
overthrow
,
yet
was
he
cast
in
Prison
,
with
many
of
his
followers
,
and
one
Alexus
Philanthropenus
made
General
of
the
Army
,
in
his
stead
,
to
whom
was
joyned
Libadarius
,
an
experienced
Captain
,
and
grave
Councellor
,
the
former
of
which
after
having
obtained
many
Victories
over
the
Turks
and
Tartars
,
perswaded
by
the
Cretensians
,
Rebelled
against
the
Emperor
,
taking
upon
himself
the
title
of
Emperor
,
which
lasted
not
long
,
for
being
overthrown
by
the
latter
in
a
mortal
Battle
,
was
delivered
bound
by
his
Souldiers
to
the
Conqueror
,
who
depriving
him
of
his
Sight
,
sent
him
to
the
Emperor
,
then
residing
at
Constantinople
.
The
Rebellion
created
such
Jealousie
in
the
Emperor
,
that
he
chose
rather
to
trust
strangers
,
then
his
own
Subjects
,
so
that
he
having
notice
of
the
Massagetes
,
a
People
dwelling
beyond
Ister
,
being
oppressed
by
the
Tartars
,
he
upon
their
Supplication
,
appointed
them
part
of
his
Dominions
,
whereupon
they
came
over
to
him
with
about
10000
families
,
which
caused
him
to
fall
into
the
displeasure
of
his
Subjects
;
these
new-come
guests
,
being
compleatly
Armed
,
he
sent
them
with
many
others
,
against
the
Turks
,
under
one
leading
of
his
Son
,
and
Partner
in
the
Empire
Michael
Paleologus
,
who
at
the
first
sight
of
the
Turks
,
without
so
much
as
striking
a
stroak
fled
,
which
gave
the
Enemy
the
advantage
of
conquering
the
Country
as
●ar
as
Lestos
.
After
this
as
if
destiny
had
so
willed
it
,
the
Emperor
called
to
his
aid
Ronzerius
a
Pirate
,
who
came
with
2000
Catalonians
,
and
afterwards
increase●
his
number
by
sending
for
more
,
who
at
first
did
considerable
service
,
but
within
a
while
fell
to
spoiling
and
plundering
the
Emperors
Dominions
in
Asia
,
worse
then
the
Turks
,
as
likewise
by
setting
out
certain
Gallies
,
bobbed
all
the
Merchants
that
passed
those
Seas
,
till
at
last
their
Gallies
being
destroyed
by
a
Fleet
of
the
Genoways
,
and
their
Captain
slain
,
by
the
command
of
the
young
Emperor
,
they
called
in
the
Turks
,
having
first
seized
upon
the
City
of
Calipolis
;
against
these
who
with
joynt
forces
harased
the
Country
,
the
young
Emperor
went
in
person
,
but
was
overthrown
and
most
of
his
Greeks
slain
,
upon
the
revolt
of
the
Massagets
and
other
treacherous
Mercenaries
,
who
were
shortly
recompenced
according
to
their
deserts
;
for
being
about
to
return
home
with
the
spoil
they
had
gotten
,
the
Catalonians
set
upon
them
,
and
put
'um
all
to
the
Sword
,
taking
from
them
a
rich
booty
,
and
then
passing
through
many
Countries
,
they
left
the
Emperor
free
,
till
at
last
coming
to
the
Territories
of
the
Duke
of
Thebes
,
and
he
refusing
to
give
them
passage
,
they
in
a
set
battle
overthrew
his
power
and
seized
on
his
Country
,
in
which
they
settled
themselves
,
where
their
Posterity
to
this
day
remains
.
But
this
freed
not
the
Emperor
of
the
danger
,
for
the
Turks
coming
down
in
great
number
,
and
having
overthrown
the
young
Emperor
spoiled
all
Thracia
,
to
stay
whose
fury
Philes
Paleologus
a
devout
man
and
Kinsman
to
the
Emperor
,
undertook
the
defence
of
his
bleeding
Country
,
and
meeting
them
as
they
were
ranging
to
and
fro
burning
and
destroying
all
before
'um
,
he
in
a
set
battle
overthrew
'um
,
and
forced
'um
into
the
City
of
Chersonesus
,
where
he
so
straightly
besieged
them
by
Sea
and
Land
,
that
indeavouring
to
break
through
the
Leaguer
,
they
were
most
of
them
slain
,
and
the
rest
taken
Prisoners
.
Things
being
at
this
pass
,
and
by
this
means
peace
Recovered
to
the
Empire
,
intestine
broyles
began
anew
to
be
fomented
by
the
factious
Greeks
;
for
the
young
Emperor
being
dead
,
they
stirred
up
young
Adronicus
his
Son
,
to
depose
his
Grand-father
the
old
Emperor
,
which
after
several
Stratagems
and
devices
he
effected
,
taking
the
City
of
Constantinople
by
treason
,
and
casting
him
in
Prison
where
of
grief
he
soon
after
died
.
These
Civil
dissensions
of
the
Greeks
amongst
themselves
,
gave
Othoman
the
opportunity
to
sound
his
Empire
in
Phrygia
and
Bythima
,
where
being
successful
in
all
his
Attempts
he
mightily
increased
his
Dominions
,
having
by
this
time
subdued
20
Cities
with
all
their
Territories
,
and
amongst
the
rest
Prusia
,
which
after
along
Siege
worn
out
with
Famine
Anno
1327
yielded
upon
several
Articles
,
few
of
which
were
afterward
observed
,
by
the
Turk
,
which
being
the
greatest
City
in
those
parts
of
Asia
,
became
for
many
years
after
the
seat
of
the
Turkish
Kings
.
But
as
all
men
must
yield
to
death
,
so
in
the
28
year
of
his
Reign
,
and
the
69
year
of
his
Age
Othoman
the
Founder
of
the
Turkish
Empire
,
still
called
from
him
the
Othoman
Empire
,
died
,
and
was
buried
in
Prusia
,
where
to
this
day
his
Tomb
is
to
be
seen
,
and
in
his
new
acquired
Kingdom
,
Orchanes
his
Second
Son
succeeded
him
,
his
eldest
dying
during
his
Regency
.
CHAP.
VII
.
The
Life
and
Actions
of
Orchanes
,
otherwise
Urchan
,
Second
King
of
the
Turks
in
Asia
.
THE
Funeral
rights
of
this
great
Conqueror
being
performed
by
his
Sons
,
viz.
Orchanes
,
alias
Vrchan
,
his
Second
Son
,
and
Aladin
his
third
and
youngest
Son
,
and
he
having
left
great
store
of
wealth
,
Orchanes
his
Successor
took
upon
him
the
rule
of
the
Kingdom
,
allotting
to
his
Brother
Aladin
,
at
his
request
the
Lordship
of
Fodore
in
the
Teckences
Country
,
where
he
lived
a
private
Life
,
without
doing
any
thing
worthy
of
memory
,
but
Orchanes
now
settled
in
his
Kingdom
,
following
his
fathers
footsteps
,
whose
Armies
of
late
he
had
altogether
commanded
as
his
General
,
he
forgat
not
to
proceed
where
he
had
left
off
,
and
therefore
prepare
to
War
upon
the
Christians
,
but
at
first
with
no
great
Success
,
for
the
Christians
upon
the
death
of
Othoman
,
drawing
their
forces
together
out
of
all
parts
,
recovered
the
City
of
Nice
,
with
divers
Castles
and
Towns
,
and
amongst
the
rest
the
Castle
Tzuprichiser
,
which
greatly
hindered
the
Turks
excursions
,
who
dwelt
in
Bithynia
;
whereupon
Orchanes
upon
notice
that
it
was
slenderly
Guarded
,
went
with
several
of
his
followers
,
in
the
attire
of
Merchants
,
and
by
that
means
deceiving
the
warders
got
admittance
,
but
were
no
sooner
entered
e're
they
proved
fatal
ones
;
for
drawing
their
Swords
they
put
all
such
as
they
found
therein
to
death
,
and
seized
the
Castle
,
and
having
Garrisoned
it
,
passed
on
to
the
City
of
Nice
,
to
which
they
lay'd
siege
,
when
to
rescue
it
the
young
Emperor
Andronicus
came
with
such
power
as
he
could
raise
,
but
being
for
the
most
part
unexperienced
Soldiers
,
the
Turks
from
the
Mountains
,
as
they
were
passing
through
the
hot
Country
,
setting
upon
them
a
cruel
battel
begun
,
but
night
coming
on
they
parted
by
consent
,
yet
in
this
fight
the
Emperor
lost
near
half
his
People
,
and
was
himself
wounded
with
an
Arrow
,
so
that
despairing
of
effecting
what
he
came
for
,
leaving
his
Tents
and
great
store
of
Furniture
therein
,
every
man
shifted
for
himself
in
the
dead
of
Night
,
so
that
next
Morning
what
they
left
became
a
prey
to
the
Infidels
,
who
hightened
by
this
Success
,
took
in
several
Sea
Towns
,
and
within
a
while
recovered
the
City
of
Nice
,
by
Stratagem
;
As
thus
the
Emperor
in
his
flight
thither
from
his
Camp
,
had
promised
to
send
them
1000
Horse-men
of
which
Orchanes
having
notice
disguised
800
of
his
men
in
Grecian
habit
,
and
sent
them
with
full
instructions
,
who
being
come
within
sight
of
the
City
,
he
sent
out
300
other
in
Turkish
habit
as
foragers
,
whom
the
other
espying
,
as
if
they
had
been
ignorant
of
the
Matter
,
turned
upon
them
,
and
after
a
feigned
skirmish
put
them
to
flight
,
then
taking
their
way
to
the
City
,
the
Citizens
who
from
their
walls
had
beheld
what
had
passed
joyfully
opened
their
Gates
,
supposing
them
to
be
the
Emperors
promised
Aid
;
but
they
no
sooner
entered
but
the
other
300
Horse
,
and
several
Companies
of
Foot
who
lay
in
Ambush
,
were
at
their
Heels
;
by
which
means
that
great
City
was
a
second
time
taken
by
the
Turks
,
whose
Riches
became
a
prey
to
the
Soldiers
,
and
whose
Inhabitants
became
of
free
Persons
miserable
Captives
.
The
Fate
of
this
great
City
followed
many
others
in
the
same
Tract
,
the
Turks
wasting
all
before
them
as
they
went
,
miserably
burning
up
what
they
could
not
carry
away
;
so
that
the
Countries
before
them
were
dispeopled
,
all
the
Inhabitants
flying
from
them
,
as
a
ten-fold
Contagion
:
So
that
no
considerable
Forces
being
sent
from
the
Emperor
,
the
Cities
fell
into
his
Hands
in
great
abundance
,
and
above
all
being
desirous
to
possess
the
two
fair
Castles
of
Abydos
and
Sestus
,
he
sent
Accecozza
,
one
of
his
great
Captains
to
win
them
if
possible
,
who
by
the
way
having
Intelligence
that
the
Captains
Son
of
the
Castle
of
Seamandra
being
dead
,
his
Funeral
was
such
a
day
to
be
Solemnized
without
the
Walls
;
whereupon
laying
an
Ambushment
,
they
upon
the
Mourners
approach
,
suddenly
issued
from
their
Coverts
,
and
slew
several
of
them
,
taking
the
remainder
Prisoners
,
and
amongst
them
the
Captain
,
whom
they
carried
to
the
Castle
;
telling
those
that
kept
the
Walls
,
that
if
they
did
not
deliver
it
,
he
should
be
put
to
a
Cruel
Death
before
their
Eyes
;
at
which
nothing
dismayed
they
returned
Answer
,
that
they
might
Kill
him
,
Boyl
him
,
and
Eat
him
if
they
pleased
,
but
as
for
the
Castle
they
would
not
deliver
it
;
whereupon
he
finding
it
a
work
of
great
Difficulty
to
take
by
force
,
departed
to
Sestus
which
he
with
little
Difficulty
took
,
and
had
his
Prisoners
Ransomed
for
a
great
Mass
of
Mony
,
and
amongst
the
rest
,
the
Captain
of
Scamandra
;
and
now
Abydos
standing
in
Europe
on
the
other
side
the
Hell●●●●
,
was
the
only
place
Aimed
at
,
when
,
as
Fate
would
have
the
Night
before
the
Turks
came
before
it
the
Captain
of
the
Castles
Daughter
dreamt
that
she
falling
〈◊〉
miry
made
her
Clean
;
the
which
as
soon
as
〈◊〉
the
viewed
Abdurachman
one
of
the
Turkish
Captains
,
the
fancied
him
to
be
the
same
Person
she
had
〈…〉
Vision
,
and
so
strongly
her
fancy
wrong
〈…〉
he
lead
up
his
Forces
against
the
Wall
,
〈…〉
Power
from
whence
she
beheld
what
was
〈…〉
a
Letter
tyed
to
a
stone
at
his
Fee●●
〈…〉
presed
her
Passion
,
Protesting
that
〈…〉
of
her
Love
,
she
would
on
such
a
〈…〉
Castle
into
his
Hands
.
This
Letter
〈…〉
Ac●ecozza
,
he
much
doubted
the
〈…〉
searing
it
was
a
design
to
draw
them
〈…〉
upon
Abdurachman's
Request
,
that
he
might
〈…〉
the
Enterprize
,
he
Consented
;
it
being
agreed
,
that
to
give
the
besieged
the
less
Suspicion
,
the
Army
should
give
a
general
assault
,
and
then
draw
off
,
the
which
being
done
,
the
Garrison
buried
in
Sleep
and
Wine
for
joy
of
the
Turks
departure
,
neglecting
their
Watches
;
the
Captain
being
Conducted
by
his
Mistress
a
private
way
,
entered
with
about
fifty
Followers
,
and
putting
the
Warders
to
the
Sword
,
opened
the
Gates
and
let
in
the
Army
,
who
the
next
Morning
took
the
Garrison
.
The
Turks
departed
with
their
Prisoners
and
such
Booty
as
they
found
:
The
Tratyress
being
given
to
Abdurachman
as
a
reward
of
his
Adventurous
undertaking
,
not
long
after
Accecozza
dying
,
Orchanes
made
his
Sons
,
Amurath
and
Solyman
Lords
of
the
Provinces
he
had
taken
from
the
Christians
,
who
lay'd
Siege
to
the
City
of
Ni●●media
,
which
despairing
of
succour
,
surrender'd
upon
Condition
,
that
so
many
as
would
depart
might
,
and
those
that
would
stay
there
might
,
without
any
hurt
:
Either
Body
,
or
Goods
,
of
which
City
Solyman
was
made
Governour
,
and
thereupon
he
removed
his
Court
from
Prusa
to
Nice
,
that
he
might
be
near
his
new
Conquests
at
all
times
,
to
give
such
necessary
Orders
as
were
Convenient
;
and
so
prospered
that
he
soon
after
got
Possession
of
Taraxa
,
Govinucia
,
and
Mndurne
;
and
raising
a
puissant
Army
,
he
invaded
the
Country
of
Carasiana
(
the
Brothers
of
the
deceased
King
being
at
odds
about
the
Succession
)
and
soon
over-run
it
,
forcing
one
of
the
Brothers
to
fly
into
Pergamum
,
and
the
other
as
his
Vassal
to
hold
the
Kingdom
in
Fee
of
him
,
at
the
same
time
made
his
younger
Son
Amurath
Lord
of
Prusa
.
The
Turkish
Kingdom
being
thus
settled
in
Asia
,
Archanes
consulted
with
his
Son
Solyman
about
getting
footing
in
Europe
,
which
he
promised
to
effect
;
and
upon
his
return
to
his
Government
,
sent
over
Ezes-Bey
his
chief
Captain
,
and
some
others
to
discover
the
Country
;
who
taking
a
Greek
Prisoner
returned
and
presented
him
to
Solyman
,
who
having
given
him
Mony
and
Rayment
,
inquired
of
the
Nature
of
the
Country
,
who
informed
them
at
large
:
Whereupon
repassing
with
a
small
Force
,
they
seized
upon
the
Castle
of
Zembenick
,
without
doing
any
harm
to
the
Garrison
,
which
was
indeed
but
small
;
most
of
them
being
gone
out
to
fetch
in
their
Harvest
.
The
News
of
the
Turks
landing
in
Europe
,
soon
flew
to
Constantinople
,
but
such
was
their
Cowardise
and
Sloath
together
with
intestine
Divisions
,
that
no
Care
was
taken
to
expulse
them
:
So
that
they
daily
increasing
their
Power
,
by
such
as
were
sent
over
in
Boats
,
seized
also
upon
the
Castle
of
Maditas
,
and
afterward
spoiled
the
Country
of
Chersonesus
,
as
far
as
Callipolis
;
which
City
they
took
after
having
overthrown
the
Governour
in
a
pitched
Battle
;
yet
so
infatuated
were
the
greater
part
of
the
Greeks
,
that
they
made
a
jest
of
the
proceedings
of
the
Turks
,
who
were
by
this
time
advanced
200
from
the
Castle
of
Zembenick
,
where
they
first
Landed
.
Whereupon
Solyman
sent
to
his
Father
,
to
acquaint
him
with
what
had
passed
,
as
likewise
to
desire
him
,
to
send
him
fresh
supplies
of
Men
,
not
only
to
secure
what
he
had
won
,
but
to
prosecute
his
successful
beginning
;
upon
the
receipe
of
which
news
Orchanes
greatly
rejoyced
,
and
immediately
Commanded
1000
Sarazens
and
Turks
,
to
pass
the
Hellespont
in
Boats
prepared
for
that
purpose
,
upon
whose
Arrival
Solyman
intercepted
the
Goveronour
of
Conger
Castle
,
who
had
greatly
annoyed
the
Turks
,
and
striking
off
his
Head
before
the
Castle-Gate
so
terrified
those
that
were
within
,
that
they
soon
surrendred
the
Place
,
from
whence
the
Turks
frequently
sallying
fetched
in
great
Booties
,
venturing
even
to
the
Walls
of
Didymotichum
.
And
thus
in
the
space
of
one
year
,
the
Turks
got
strong
footing
in
Europe
,
possessing
themselves
of
divers
Castles
and
Towns
,
with
the
Countries
about
them
;
which
Solyman
as
a
reward
of
their
Service
,
gave
to
his
Captains
and
Soldiers
,
as
appeareth
by
the
Monuments
of
Ezes-Beg
,
and
Fazel-Beg
the
first
,
Two
Turkish
Captains
that
set
Footing
in
Europe
,
but
for
a
while
a
stop
was
put
to
the
Turks
Progress
,
occasioned
by
the
Death
of
Solyman
;
who
hawking
in
the
Fields
of
Bolyre
,
and
following
too
furious
in
taking
a
Ditch
,
his
Horse
threw
him
where
he
received
such
a
mortal
bruise
,
that
he
within
a
few
days
after
died
,
which
News
coming
to
his
Father
Orchanes
,
he
for
grief
fell
sick
,
and
within
two
Months
gave
up
the
Ghost
,
Anno
1359.
and
of
his
Age
80
years
,
having
Reigned
31
years
.
This
Orchanes
was
both
warlike
and
Politick
;
Courteous
he
was
to
his
Friends
,
and
stern
to
his
Enemies
,
much
devoted
to
the
Mahometan
superstition
;
and
a
great
Enemy
to
the
Christians
.
CHAP.
VIII
.
The
Life
and
Actions
of
Amurath
the
first
of
that
Name
,
and
third
King
of
the
Turks
.
OChanes
and
Solyman
his
eldest
Son
being
dead
,
Amurath
succeeded
in
the
Kingdom
,
as
the
younger
Son
to
the
deceased
King
;
who
at
his
first
Entrance
upon
his
Government
,
had
great
Contests
with
the
Turkish
Princes
of
the
lesser
Asia
,
who
Envying
his
aspiring
,
as
supposing
in
the
Currant
of
his
Victories
,
he
might
as
well
overthrow
them
,
as
the
Christians
;
but
having
Vanquished
their
Forces
,
and
brought
them
Terms
of
Agreement
,
he
turned
his
Arms
upon
Europe
with
a
great
host
;
passing
the
Hellespont
he
seized
upon
the
Castle
of
Benutum
,
when
passing
on
the
Greeks
now
roused
out
of
their
security
,
opposed
him
with
such
Forces
as
they
could
draw
together
,
but
were
soon
overthrown
:
After
which
he
won
the
Town
of
Trurulus
,
taking
likewise
all
the
Castles
and
small
Towns
adjoyning
,
as
Mesine
,
Burgos
,
Hebrus
,
and
soon
after
Didimotichum
;
and
staying
there
sent
one
of
his
Captains
named
Lala-Schakin
,
to
besiege
Hadrianople
,
now
called
Adrianople
with
whom
the
Christians
fought
a
great
and
mortal
Battle
,
but
such
was
their
ill
steered
Fate
that
Victory
declared
for
the
Infidels
.
So
that
that
great
City
being
out
of
all
hopes
of
Relief
,
opened
her
Gates
to
the
Enemy
,
Anno
1362.
The
City
of
Hadrianople
being
taken
,
or
,
as
their
own
Histories
relate
,
taken
by
Treachery
in
time
of
Peace
;
Amuratis
made
it
the
chief
Seat
of
the
Turkish
Kings
in
Europe
,
as
a
place
from
whence
he
might
best
annoy
Christendom
,
and
then
sending
for
his
Captains
,
he
Commanded
to
invade
the
Countries
of
Philipopolis
,
Zogora
,
and
Ipsala
;
the
which
in
a
snort
time
they
brought
under
Subjection
.
The
Turkish
Kingdom
in
a
small
time
being
spread
wide
,
Cura
Rustemes
the
Doctor
of
the
Mahometan
Law
,
and
Zinderlu
Chelil
the
Chief
Justice
devised
the
Order
or
Constitution
of
the
Janizaries
(
which
have
ever
since
been
available
to
Turks
in
all
their
Wars
)
after
this
manner
,
that
seeing
there
were
great
multitudes
of
Christian
Captives
frequently
taken
,
the
Youths
above
fifteen
years
of
Age
should
every
fifth
be
the
Kings
,
and
if
there
wanted
of
five
,
then
he
who
had
them
shoud
pay
twenty
five
Aspers
a
Head
,
and
that
those
which
appertained
to
the
Kind
should
for
three
of
four
years
be
put
to
hard
Labour
,
the
better
to
inure
'um
to
Hardship
;
and
then
being
brought
to
Court
to
serve
in
the
Wars
,
as
the
Kings
Life-Guard
being
alway
near
his
Person
.
Which
advice
was
so
well
approved
of
,
that
it
has
continued
acceptable
to
the
Othoman
Kings
and
Emperors
ever
since
.
Amurath
having
settled
his
Conquests
in
Europe
,
leaving
a
sufficient
Power
with
his
great
Captains
:
The
Winter
coming
on
,
the
passed
over
into
Asia
;
but
early
in
the
Spring
,
upon
view
tha
the
Christians
were
in
Arms
he
returned
,
and
by
the
way
took
the
Town
of
Boge
,
putting
the
chief
Inhabitants
to
the
Sword
,
and
carrying
away
the
rest
Captives
,
but
held
it
not
long
e'r
it
was
recovered
and
rased
by
the
Christians
,
who
served
the
Turks
in
like
manner
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Christian
Army
in
Servia
and
Bulgaria
consisting
of
50000
Horse
and
Foot
,
advanced
in
Order
to
their
besieging
Adrianople
,
which
obliged
him
for
his
better
security
,
to
haste
over
the
Hellespont
,
giving
Order
for
a
great
number
of
Asians
to
follow
him
,
but
by
reason
of
the
Christians
discord
amongst
themselves
,
and
refusing
to
joyn
their
Forces
,
they
were
set
upon
at
advantage
,
and
overthrown
with
the
loss
of
half
the
Army
,
e'r
the
Forces
arrived
from
Asia
.
The
News
of
which
fatal
overthrow
spreading
wide
,
Anairath's
Fame
spread
wider
;
Insomuch
that
German-Ogly
Reigning
in
the
lesser
Asia
,
and
being
chief
of
the
Zelzuccian
Family
,
sent
his
Ambassadors
to
intreat
a
Marriage
between
his
Daughter
Hatun
,
and
young
Bajazet
,
in
lieu
of
which
he
promised
a
great
part
of
his
Territory
,
and
that
his
Son-in-Law
at
his
Death
should
succeed
him
in
his
Kingdom
,
by
that
means
joyning
both
Families
into
one
,
the
which
in
short
time
was
accorded
;
at
the
Celebration
of
which
Nuptials
,
the
Ambassadors
of
almost
all
the
Princes
of
the
East
were
present
,
who
in
the
Names
of
their
Lords
presented
the
Bridegroom
and
Bride
with
exceeding
rich
Gifts
;
but
Amurath
to
outdo
them
all
,
caused
Euronoses
to
bring
out
of
Europe
100
beautiful
Boys
,
with
as
many
Virgins
;
all
Christian
Captives
clad
in
rich
Garments
,
imbroidered
with
Gold
and
Pearl
,
each
of
them
holding
a
Cup
of
Gold
in
the
one
hand
,
and
a
Cup
of
Silver
in
the
other
,
filled
with
Jewels
,
Pearls
,
Amber
,
and
the
like
;
which
he
caused
in
requital
of
their
Kindness
given
to
the
Ambassador
to
be
.
At
this
Marriage
Chusun-Beg
Prince
of
Amisum
in
Galatia
,
sold
by
his
Ambassador
his
Territories
of
Amisum
to
Amurath
,
as
doubting
to
keep
them
;
the
Turks
Power
being
now
so
near
him
.
The
Nuptials
Celebrated
,
Amurath
making
his
Son
Bajazer
Governour
of
his
Countries
in
Anatolia
,
gathered
what
Forces
he
could
for
the
Invasion
of
Servia
,
taking
by
the
way
the
strong
City
of
Pherae
;
and
entering
Servia
the
Despot
no
ways
able
to
oppose
him
,
he
took
Nissa
the
Metropolis
of
that
Province
;
and
soon
after
Apolonia
with
many
other
places
of
strength
,
so
in
fourteen
days
over-run
nigh
all
the
Provinces
,
but
receiving
News
out
of
Asia
,
that
Aladine
King
of
Caramania
,
who
a
little
before
had
Married
his
Daughter
,
wasted
his
Countries
in
Asia
with
Fire
and
Sword
,
which
so
inraged
Amurath
,
that
making
Peace
with
the
Despot
of
Servia
,
he
passed
over
with
an
Army
of
70000
Horse
and
Foot
,
to
whom
in
number
Aladine
was
not
inferior
,
as
having
Confederated
hmself
with
all
the
Petty
Princes
of
Asia
,
when
after
several
overtures
of
Peace
proposed
and
none
accepted
;
both
Armies
joyned
on
the
great
Plains
of
Carramania
,
where
after
a
dreadful
Battle
Aladin's
Army
was
overthrown
,
he
was
forced
to
fly
into
Iconium
his
chief
City
,
and
was
there
straightly
besieged
,
but
at
the
humble
Supplication
of
his
Queen
,
who
would
have
no
denyal
at
her
Fathers
hands
;
he
upon
his
Submission
was
restored
again
to
his
Dignity
and
Kingdom
,
as
likewise
were
all
the
Princes
,
his
Confederates
upon
Condition
of
acknowledging
him
their
supream
Lord
.
Whilst
these
things
passed
,
the
Despot
of
Servia
grieving
that
he
had
made
such
a
dishonourable
League
with
the
Turks
,
and
being
told
by
his
General
,
sent
with
Forces
to
assist
Amurath
against
the
Caramanian
King
,
how
despightfully
he
had
used
him
and
his
Soldiers
,
therewithal
stirring
him
up
to
break
the
League
,
and
cast
off
the
servile
Yoak
,
he
sent
secretly
to
the
King
of
Bozan
,
to
request
him
to
joyn
with
him
against
the
Turkish
Tyrant
,
who
willingly
accorded
;
and
at
an
interview
between
the
said
King
,
and
the
Despot
all
things
were
agreed
,
upon
Notice
of
which
Amurath
was
not
a
little
perplexed
,
but
yet
resolving
to
take
revenge
,
he
gathered
great
Forces
to
invade
both
Princes
;
the
which
whilst
he
was
doing
,
the
Captain
of
Alexandria
took
a
Castle
in
the
Confines
of
Bosan
,
came
privately
to
his
Tent
and
offered
to
deliver
to
him
most
part
of
the
Country
,
if
he
would
follow
his
directions
,
strengthening
his
Promise
with
many
specious
Arguments
;
insomuch
that
the
Greedy
Turk
giving
Credit
to
what
he
had
said
,
sent
twenty
thousand
Men
under
the
leading
of
his
great
Captain
and
Tutor
Lala-Schalin
,
who
plundering
part
of
the
Country
,
and
at
last
by
the
said
Captains
device
,
who
had
by
Amurath
been
highly
honoured
,
especially
with
a
rich
Cloak
,
which
signifies
the
Person
so
invested
to
be
highly
in
the
Favour
of
the
Turkish
King
;
but
having
drawn
them
within
the
Danger
of
the
Ambush
,
he
sent
to
the
King
of
Bosan
,
who
coming
upon
them
with
30000
Greeks
,
as
they
were
stragling
cut
of
50000
of
them
,
the
other
5000
with
Schakin
hardly
escaping
to
tell
the
News
.
With
this
overthrow
of
his
Men
,
Amurath
was
greatly
inraged
,
and
gathering
all
his
Power
marched
into
Servia
(
which
before
he
had
Relinquished
upon
the
Despots
becoming
his
Tributary
)
where
he
found
the
Christians
with
a
formidable
Army
ready
to
receive
him
;
when
after
some
Towns
and
Castles
taken
,
on
either
side
,
both
Armies
met
upon
the
great
Plains
of
Cossovia
,
where
when
the
Captains
on
either
side
had
put
their
Men
in
Order
;
exhorting
them
to
do
their
best
for
obtaining
the
Victory
,
they
joyned
with
such
Fury
that
the
Earth
trembled
under
their
Feet
,
and
such
was
the
horrid
noise
of
Clashing
Arms
,
shouts
of
the
Conquerors
Cries
,
of
the
Vanquished
and
Weeing
of
Horses
,
that
wild
Beasts
in
the
Mountains
trembled
;
and
those
that
beheld
the
Fight
supposed
that
showers
of
Arrows
descended
from
the
Clouds
.
At
first
the
Turks
gave
back
,
being
assailed
by
the
Christians
in
great
number
,
and
the
Right
Wing
routed
,
but
Bajazet
coming
in
with
a
fresh
Power
renewed
the
Battle
,
which
having
continued
eight
hours
with
great
slaughter
:
Insomuch
that
all
the
Plains
were
covered
with
the
Bodies
of
the
slain
,
most
of
the
Christian
Captains
killed
Valiantly
fighting
,
and
amongst
the
rest
,
Lazerus
the
Despot
,
the
Victory
fell
to
the
Turks
;
those
that
fell
in
the
Battle
,
not
being
accounted
less
then
50000.
After
the
Battle
was
over
,
Amurath
greatly
Rejoycing
in
his
huge
Conquest
,
in
a
Vain-glorious
Humour
would
needs
take
a
view
of
the
heaps
of
the
dead
Carcasses
,
which
made
the
Plain
Mountainous
,
when
as
a
half
dead
Soldier
,
named
Cobelits
faint
with
loss
of
Blood
and
Wounds
,
rising
as
it
were
from
the
Grave
,
came
towards
him
staggering
and
falling
three
or
four
times
in
twenty
paces
,
when
those
that
were
about
him
,
would
have
hindered
his
approach
;
but
Amurath
(
Destiny
so
ordering
)
Commanded
he
should
have
access
,
supposing
he
would
have
Petitioned
for
his
Life
;
when
on
the
contrary
without
a
Word
speaking
,
Cobelits
drawing
forth
a
Dagger
,
stabbed
him
into
the
Belly
,
for
which
he
was
presently
hewn
in
pieces
;
nor
did
Amurath
long
survive
him
,
but
within
three
days
after
dyed
of
his
Wound
,
and
was
buryed
in
Prusia
,
Anno
1390.
of
his
Age
68
years
,
and
of
his
Reign
31
years
.
To
whom
succeeded
Bajazet
his
eldest
Son
,
who
was
no
sooner
Crowned
,
but
he
caused
his
Brother
Jacup
to
be
strangled
in
his
Presence
with
a
Bow-string
,
which
wicked
Precedent
has
ever
since
been
put
in
Practice
by
the
Othoman
Kings
and
Emperors
.
CHAP.
X.
The
Life
of
Bajazet
,
the
first
of
that
Name
and
Fourth
King
of
the
Turks
his
Wars
and
Captivity
.
BAjazet
a
man
of
a
Proud
and
haughty
temper
,
having
taken
upon
him
the
Regency
of
his
Father's
Kingdoms
,
fell
heavily
upon
Servia
,
not
so
much
as
vouchsafing
to
hear
the
Embassadors
sent
on
their
behalf
,
which
made
the
Princes
of
the
West
begin
to
consider
their
own
estate
,
and
especially
Vincelaus
the
German
Emperor
,
and
Sigismond
King
of
Hungary
,
and
not
contented
with
the
spiols
of
Servia
,
he
made
several
inroads
into
Bosan
,
spoiling
the
Country
and
carrying
away
great
booties
,
when
in
the
mean
while
the
King
of
Caramania
hearing
of
his
Fathers
death
,
began
anew
to
waste
his
Countries
in
Asia
,
which
caused
Bajazet
to
send
a
great
power
,
who
overthrew
him
and
recovered
all
that
was
lost
taking
from
him
likewise
his
own
Country
which
obliged
him
in
humble
wise
to
beg
their
restauration
,
which
Bajazet
upon
condition
that
he
should
from
that
time
forward
become
his
vassal
restored
.
About
this
time
Philadelphia
,
the
only
City
the
Christians
had
in
Asia
,
was
besieged
by
Bajazets
Power
,
and
after
a
straight
Siege
and
no
hopes
of
any
succours
,
delivered
by
the
Citizens
as
a
ransom
for
their
Lives
and
Persons
.
Having
subdued
Servia
,
and
the
greatest
part
of
Bosan
,
he
invaded
Thessalia
wasting
it
as
he
passed
with
fire
and
Sword
,
even
to
the
Walls
of
Thessalonica
,
taking
Neopolis
in
Greece
;
and
Joannia
in
Aetolia
,
and
afterward
returning
into
Asia
he
there
spent
the
Winter
,
but
Spring
being
come
,
with
all
his
Power
he
repassed
the
Hellespont
,
and
lay'd
close
Siege
to
Constantinople
,
the
seat
of
the
Greek
Emperor
,
Emanuel
Paleologus
then
Reigning
,
who
after
he
had
been
brought
to
great
extremity
,
went
to
the
German
Emperors
Court
to
crave
aid
,
who
together
with
many
other
Christian
Princes
,
sent
an
Army
of
250000
under
the
leading
of
young
Sigismond
King
of
Hungary
,
to
oppose
whom
Bajazet
raised
his
Siege
and
found
them
besieging
Neocopolis
;
from
whence
they
drew
into
the
great
Plain
and
joyned
Battle
,
but
by
reason
of
the
confusion
that
was
in
the
Christian
Army
,
their
Van
being
overcharged
,
the
Rear
fled
without
striking
a
stroak
,
so
that
the
Turks
getting
the
Victory
with
a
far
less
number
pursued
so
hard
upon
the
Christians
that
the
greater
part
of
the
Army
was
slain
,
taken
prisoners
and
drowned
in
passing
the
River
Danubius
.
After
this
great
and
unexpected
Victory
over
the
Christians
occasioned
by
the
emulation
that
arose
amongst
their
great
Commanders
,
Bajazet
returned
to
the
Siege
of
Constantinople
,
now
out
of
all
hope
to
be
relieved
,
where
whilst
he
lay
casting
his
eyes
upon
Despina
,
the
slain
Despot
of
Servia's
fair
Daughter
,
offered
by
her
Mother
;
his
former
Wife
being
dead
he
Married
her
,
and
for
her
sake
restored
to
her
Brother
Stephen
all
his
fathers
Principalities
.
Aladin
the
Carramanian
King
being
dead
,
and
his
Son
of
the
same
name
Reigning
in
his
stead
,
desirous
to
revenge
the
wrong
Bajazet
had
done
his
Fathers
Subjects
,
coming
to
Aucyra
surprised
Temurtasses
Bajazet's
great
Lievtenant
,
but
upon
the
approach
of
Bajazet
with
his
Army
he
richly
arraying
begged
his
pardon
,
and
set
him
at
liberty
,
sending
Embassadors
to
excuse
them
;
but
Bajazet
would
not
suffer
them
to
come
into
his
sight
,
whereupon
the
young
King
gathering
all
the
Power
of
his
Country
,
fought
with
him
a
great
Battle
,
but
being
far
too
weak
for
such
an
Enemy
was
overthrown
&
he
taken
Prisoner
,
&
by
the
Command
of
Bajazet
delivered
to
Temurtases
his
Capital
Enemy
,
who
for
the
disgrace
he
had
put
upon
him
caused
him
to
be
strangled
,
which
rash
deed
much
grieved
Bajazet
,
the
young
Prince
being
his
Sisters
Son
,
yet
he
seized
upon
the
greatest
part
of
his
Kingdom
,
though
he
had
several
Sons
living
,
and
so
inraged
was
he
that
he
expulsed
all
the
Mahometan
Princes
in
Lesser
Asia
,
and
seized
upon
their
Territories
,
whereupon
they
fled
to
Tamerlane
the
Great
,
who
having
Married
the
daughter
of
the
Cham
or
Emperor
of
Tartary
,
and
now
returned
from
the
Conquest
of
China
,
he
took
them
into
his
protection
,
and
being
at
the
same
time
Solicited
for
aid
by
Emanuel
the
Greek
Emperor
,
he
sent
to
Bajazet
his
Embassadors
,
with
many
rich
presents
,
requesting
him
to
cease
from
molesting
his
Allies
,
but
he
in
a
proud
manner
not
only
rejected
his
presents
,
but
with
many
opprobrious
words
,
cast
foul
reproaches
on
him
,
telling
his
Embassadors
that
he
desired
nothing
more
then
to
meet
him
in
the
field
,
and
with
many
taunting
expressions
dismissed
them
.
The
report
of
which
so
throughly
netled
the
Tartar
,
that
he
resolved
with
a
puissant
Army
to
go
against
him
,
being
hightened
thereto
by
Axalla
his
great
favourite
,
a
Genoway
by
birth
,
and
friend
to
the
Greek
Emperor
,
whose
cause
he
daily
solicited
.
And
Tamerlane
who
was
a
well-wisher
to
the
Christians
,
in
his
opinion
differing
little
from
them
so
well
approved
of
all
he
said
,
and
having
taken
his
leave
of
his
Father-in-Law
,
and
his
Wife
,
with
a
powerful
Army
he
passed
the
Mountains
,
Marching
through
many
Countries
,
none
daring
oppose
his
passage
,
till
at
length
coming
to
Bachichich
,
he
mustered
his
Army
,
and
found
it
to
consist
of
800000
Horse
and
Foot
of
divers
Nations
,
to
whom
he
gave
general
pay
,
not
having
suffered
the
least
wrong
to
be
done
in
any
Country
,
through
which
he
had
passed
.
Bajazet
lying
at
the
Siege
of
Constantinople
,
and
hearing
the
Tartar
approached
with
a
Power
that
covered
the
Countries
as
he
passed
,
he
raised
his
Siege
,
and
contrary
to
Tamerlains
Expectation
,
but
even
as
he
wished
,
came
over
with
such
forces
as
he
could
raise
,
into
Asia
;
where
he
joyned
with
his
Livetenant
,
whilst
the
Tartars
still
came
on
,
having
by
this
time
passed
Euphrates
,
and
taken
all
the
Cities
in
their
way
,
that
appertained
to
Bajazet
,
and
amongst
the
rest
the
great
City
of
Sabastia
,
once
the
chief
Seat
of
the
Turkish
Sultan
,
utterly
rasing
it
,
putting
all
the
Citizens
to
the
Sword
,
or
as
some
,
Buryed
them
alive
in
deep
Pits
he
caused
to
be
digged
for
that
purpose
,
unless
the
Governour
whom
he
set
at
Liberty
to
carry
the
News
to
Bajazet
,
who
was
advancing
500000
Strong
,
who
upon
the
Governours
coming
into
his
presence
,
demanded
which
was
the
greater
Army
he
having
seen
both
,
to
which
after
having
craved
pardon
,
he
replyed
that
the
Tartars
Army
must
needs
be
the
greatest
:
by
Reason
he
was
Lord
of
far
greater
Countries
;
whereupon
Bajazet
Laughing
,
said
out
of
doubt
the
sight
of
the
Tartars
hath
made
this
Coward
so
affraid
,
that
he
thinketh
every
Enemy
two
.
The
Armies
being
come
near
to
each
other
upon
the
great
Plains
of
Sennas
,
he
thought
not
good
to
joyn
Battle
presently
by
Reason
the
Evening
approached
;
yet
many
light
Skirmishes
happened
between
the
Parthian
Horsemen
,
and
the
Forerunners
of
the
Turkish
Army
;
but
the
next
Morning
either
Hoast
being
set
in
Array
,
after
some
Pause
the
charge
was
Sounded
,
whereupon
the
Prince
of
Ciarcan
Tamarlin's
Kins-man
,
with
40000
Horse
charged
the
Turks
in
the
Front
,
and
Piercing
their
Battle
,
put
the
Jannizaries
into
disorder
;
but
venturing
too
far
was
there
Slain
,
whereupon
Axalla
Leading
the
Vaunt-Guard
composed
of
Sciths
and
Parthians
,
bore
upon
the
left
Wing
of
the
Turks
Army
,
cutting
in
pieces
and
Bearing
down
all
that
oppos'd
him
,
at
what
time
his
Footmen
coming
to
joyn
with
him
he
Faced
the
Batalion
of
the
Jnnaizaries
;
who
behaved
themselves
Valiantly
for
the
safety
of
their
Prince
,
who
in
the
middle
of
them
Fought
on
Foot
,
which
Fight
continued
Bloody
,
and
doubtful
for
the
space
of
an
Hour
,
all
the
place
being
heaped
with
the
Bodies
of
the
Slain
;
till
at
last
the
Tartars
being
overcharged
gave
Ground
,
which
Tamerlain
from
his
Stand
perceiving
sent
10000
Horse
to
Reinforce
them
,
and
other
10000
to
Fight
in
the
Rearward
,
and
at
the
same
time
sent
his
Foot-men
,
who
fell
in
with
the
Turks
main
Battle
that
remained
yet
unshaken
with
such
fury
,
that
making
them
give
way
,
he
opened
them
to
the
Rear
of
the
Jannizaries
;
wherein
was
yet
the
Person
of
Bajazet
,
who
sustained
the
greatest
Brunt
of
the
Fight
,
but
at
last
overpowered
with
number
,
they
were
forced
to
give
Gronnd
,
at
what
time
Tamerlain
coming
on
with
50000
fresh
Horse
,
Bore
down
all
before
him
till
he
came
to
the
Jannizaries
(
who
always
Fight
in
the
Heart
of
the
Army
)
and
they
weary
,
and
not
able
to
make
sufficient
resistance
,
were
trodden
down
on
all
sides
,
so
that
the
Battle
Swerving
,
the
Turks
betook
themselves
to
Flight
,
and
amongst
the
rest
Bajazet
wounded
as
he
was
,
who
afterwards
fell
into
the
Hands
of
Axalla
,
together
with
his
Son
Musa
.
The
Despot
of
Servia
and
many
others
of
note
.
This
great
Victory
fell
to
the
Tartars
chiefly
,
by
the
revolt
of
a
great
number
of
Bajazet's
men
;
who
were
raised
in
the
Countries
of
the
Mahometan
Princes
expulsed
,
who
in
the
Heat
of
the
Battle
,
seeing
their
natural
Lords
under
Tamerline's
Standard
went
over
to
'um
.
This
Fight
lasted
Bloody
and
doubtful
from
Seven
in
the
Morning
till
four
in
the
Evening
,
wherein
as
many
report
200000
on
either
side
were
Slain
,
and
amongst
the
rest
Mustapha
Bajazets
Son
with
most
of
his
great
Commanders
.
After
this
Bajazet
being
brought
before
Tamerlain
,
and
demanded
why
he
oppressed
the
Christians
,
and
made
War
upon
so
Noble
a
Prince
as
was
the
Emperor
of
Greece
;
to
which
he
replyed
,
Even
the
same
thing
that
hath
moved
thee
to
invade
me
,
even
the
desire
of
Glory
and
Soveraignty
;
and
why
,
said
Tamerlain
,
do
you
use
such
Tyranny
over
those
you
Conquer
without
Respect
of
Sex
or
Age
?
That
I
did
,
said
he
,
to
give
the
greater
Terror
to
my
Enemies
:
Ah
what
wouldst
thou
have
done
with
me
,
said
Tamerlain
,
if
it
had
been
thy
Fortune
to
have
had
me
in
thy
Power
?
I
would
,
said
the
haughty
Turk
(
not
Conquered
tho
overcome
)
have
put
thee
in
a
Cage
of
Iron
,
and
have
carryed
thee
in
Triumph
about
my
Kingdom
.
Even
so
said
Tamerlain
,
shalt
thou
be
served
,
and
thereupon
commanded
him
out
of
his
presence
,
and
as
he
had
determined
,
shortly
after
Cooped
him
up
in
a
Cage
of
Iron
,
and
carryed
him
into
the
Countries
he
Conquered
,
whose
Calamity
may
well
serve
as
a
memento
to
all
aspiring
Mortals
,
by
putting
them
in
mind
that
the
Worldly
Glory
is
not
perminent
.
After
this
the
Greek
Emperor
sent
his
Ambassedor
to
Tamerlain
in
his
Name
,
to
deliver
up
his
City
and
Empire
;
but
he
refused
,
saying
he
had
Dominions
sufficient
of
his
own
,
and
after
having
seen
the
City
and
wondered
at
its
fair
Structures
and
Riches
,
he
taking
leave
of
the
Emperor
;
he
passed
with
his
Army
into
Egypt
,
to
be
revenged
on
the
Sultan
for
assistng
Bajazet
against
him
with
30000
Mamalukes
,
having
first
subdued
all
,
or
the
greatest
part
of
all
the
Turks
Dominions
in
Asia
;
and
intirely
restored
Europe
to
its
rightful
possessors
:
and
meeting
with
the
Sultan
he
overthrew
his
Army
,
consisting
of
174000
Horse
and
Foot
,
and
so
wining
Damasco
,
Jerusalem
,
Damiata
,
Cairo
,
and
most
of
the
Cities
in
Egypt
,
Syria
,
Lybia
,
and
other
Eastern
Countries
,
making
all
the
Kings
as
he
passed
become
his
Tributaries
,
he
left
Calibes
a
great
Captain
with
the
greatest
part
of
his
Army
,
to
pursue
the
Egyptian
Sultan
,
and
secure
what
he
had
won
;
having
news
that
his
Father
in
Law
was
sick
,
and
that
his
Wife
was
desirous
of
his
Company
,
he
returned
into
his
Country
,
but
'ere
his
departure
Bajazet
as
desperate
and
impatient
of
his
Misfortune
,
had
beaten
his
Brains
out
against
the
Bars
of
his
Cage
,
as
the
mos
Authentick
Authors
affirm
;
tho
the
Turks
say
he
was
set
at
Liberty
by
Tamerlain
,
who
beforehand
had
caused
to
take
Poyson
,
of
which
within
three
Days
he
dyed
,
tho
their
saying
is
very
unlikely
to
be
true
;
but
however
he
was
Buryed
in
Prusa
,
by
his
beloved
Wife
Despina
,
Anno
1399.
having
Reigned
seven
years
,
and
kept
under
restraint
two
years
.
CHAP.
X.
The
Life
of
Mahomet
the
first
King
of
the
Turks
,
and
the
restorer
of
their
Kingdom
ruined
by
the
Tartars
.
THough
Historians
somewhat
vary
about
the
Successor
of
Bajazet
,
yet
the
most
Credible
do
affirm
that
his
Son
Mahomet
,
several
of
his
other
Brothers
being
slain
and
carried
away
Captive
,
succeeded
him
,
and
that
the
rest
might
be
mistaken
in
the
Name
.
This
Mahomet
,
when
his
Father
was
taken
Prisoner
,
was
but
fifteen
years
of
Age
,
having
been
by
him
appointed
his
Successor
for
the
great
Hope
he
saw
in
him
,
for
the
recovery
of
the
broken
and
much
shattered
Kingdom
.
When
Mahomet
entered
upon
Kingly
Authority
,
the
Tartars
possessed
a
great
part
of
the
before
Turkish
Dominion
,
but
the
Remains
of
the
scattered
Army
and
other
Aids
resorting
to
his
Standard
after
the
departure
of
Tamerlain
,
he
recovered
many
Cities
,
some
by
Force
,
and
others
by
Revolt
from
the
Tartars
,
and
not
long
after
in
a
great
and
bloody
Battle
overthrowing
Inal
Ogly
Tamerlain's
Lieutenant
,
he
advanced
more
boldly
and
charged
Costor
Ogly
,
and
Kinpeck
Ogly
,
two
more
of
Tamerlain's
great
Captains
,
whom
he
likewise
overthrew
;
and
following
his
good
Fortune
passed
into
the
lesser
Asia
,
of
which
Tamerlain
having
Notice
sent
for
him
with
a
Promise
,
to
give
him
one
of
his
Daughters
in
Marriage
,
to
whom
he
intended
to
go
;
but
by
the
way
being
often
forced
to
fight
through
the
Ambushment
of
the
Tartars
,
he
fearing
it
was
a
Design
to
take
him
Prisoner
returned
to
his
Government
,
excusing
himself
to
Tamerlain's
Ambassador
,
and
sending
one
of
his
own
Ambassadors
to
give
the
reason
of
his
not
coming
;
upon
Notice
of
which
,
and
that
the
Turks
still
prevailed
;
Tamerlaine
prepared
for
a
second
Expedition
,
having
recruited
his
huge
Army
for
that
purpose
:
But
what
Man
willeth
God
disposeth
,
whilst
he
was
intent
upon
the
matter
falling
sick
of
a
Feaver
,
or
Ague
,
after
three
sits
he
dyed
;
Death
Conquering
him
,
who
in
a
short
space
Conquered
fifty
intire
Kingdoms
.
This
mighty
Tartar
being
Dead
,
his
great
Kingdom
divided
amongst
his
Sons
,
by
their
jarring
and
discontent
of
the
Nobility
was
soon
after
rent
into
pieces
,
most
of
it
falling
into
the
hands
of
the
Turks
who
at
this
day
possess
it
:
And
now
Mahomet
winning
all
the
Dominions
his
Father
held
in
the
greater
Asia
,
from
the
Tartars
resolved
to
recover
the
rest
,
which
his
three
Brothers
,
Isa
,
Solyman
and
Mnsa
had
seized
on
in
Europe
,
and
the
lesser
Asia
;
whereupon
assembling
all
his
Forces
,
he
marched
to
L●pacllum
,
near
to
which
Isa
being
incamped
,
he
sent
to
offer
him
Caramania
and
several
other
Kingdoms
in
the
lesser
Asia
;
though
indeed
they
were
not
his
to
give
,
being
possessed
by
their
rightful
Princes
,
whom
Tamerlain
had
re-possessed
them
off
,
which
offer
refused
from
a
younger
Brother
,
whereupon
a
bloody
Battle
insued
;
in
which
Isa
was
overthrown
,
and
for
the
preservation
of
his
Life
forced
to
fly
to
Emanuel
the
Greek
Emperor
:
In
this
Battle
were
blain
the
two
famous
Basas
,
Eine
and
Tenurtases
,
of
which
overthrow
Mahomet
sent
to
certifie
his
Brother
Sol●●●●n
then
in
Constantinople
;
after
which
he
marched
with
his
Army
to
Prrsa
,
and
received
under
his
Protection
all
the
Countries
adjoyning
;
and
now
growing
strong
he
●eselved
to
brook
no
Rival
in
his
Fathers
Kingdoms
,
when
on
the
other
hand
Solyman
his
Elder
Brother
hearing
what
he
had
done
,
and
knowing
him
to
be
of
an
aspiring
Temper
,
thought
it
not
Convenient
to
suffer
him
longer
so
Triumphantly
to
proceed
;
whereupon
by
the
advice
of
his
Grave
Counsellors
,
he
sent
for
his
Brother
Isa
then
at
Constantinople
,
and
making
him
general
of
his
Army
,
gave
him
Orders
to
pass
over
into
Asia
,
and
curb
the
Pride
of
his
aspiring
Brother
.
Isa
glad
of
this
opportunity
to
revenge
his
own
Injuries
sustained
,
in
loosing
his
Dominions
,
obeying
his
Brother
Solyman's
Commands
,
entered
Mahomet's
Dominions
,
and
there
with
Fire
and
Sword
began
his
Progress
,
which
Mahomet
understanding
came
against
him
,
and
having
overthrown
his
Forces
put
him
to
a
second
flight
into
Carramania
;
where
,
in
obscurity
,
of
the
Wounds
he
received
in
Battle
,
and
grief
for
his
foul
defeat
he
dyed
.
Solyman
hearing
of
the
defeat
prepared
a
great
Army
to
invade
Asia
,
which
made
Mahomet
retire
into
the
Country
of
Amasa
,
as
doubting
the
affections
of
his
People
,
by
reason
the
Kingdoms
of
Bajazet
of
Right
appertained
to
Solyman
as
Flder
:
This
retireing
gave
Solyman
opportunity
to
advance
to
the
Walls
of
Prus●s
,
which
City
he
besieged
,
and
had
it
presently
yielded
,
except
the
Castle
,
which
upon
the
Interceptions
of
Mahomet's
Letters
,
was
likewise
surrendered
,
but
upon
the
approach
of
Mahomet
with
a
great
Power
,
doubtful
to
keep
what
he
had
got
,
he
with
all
his
People
retired
to
the
Straights
of
Neapolis
,
where
he
defended
himself
right
valiantly
against
the
assaults
of
his
Brother
,
who
by
reason
of
the
Intemperance
of
the
Weather
,
and
a
Letter
framed
by
Alis-Bassa
,
that
there
was
a
Conspiracy
amongst
his
Captains
to
deliver
him
up
to
Solyman
,
he
retired
.
Whilst
these
things
were
acting
,
Musa
being
set
at
Liberty
by
the
Tartars
,
came
to
Mahomet's
Camp
&
was
of
him
joyfully
received
,
when
after
some
Discourse
it
was
greed
,
that
Musa
with
an
Army
should
pass
over
the
Euxin
Sea
,
into
Europe
;
and
whilst
Solyman
was
busie
in
Asia
,
seize
upon
his
Country
,
which
Expedition
he
undertaking
,
and
making
Isfender
Prince
of
Castomonia
his
Friend
,
and
afterward
the
Prince
of
Valachia
,
by
marrying
his
Daughter
,
he
soon
prevailed
with
the
Governours
of
the
chief
Cities
,
to
Revolt
from
Solyman
;
when
entering
Hadrianople
he
caused
himself
to
be
invested
with
Royal
Robes
,
and
as
King
of
the
Country
sent
forth
his
Decrees
,
which
Solyman
hearing
of
as
he
lay
at
Ancira
in
Asia
,
passed
the
Straights
of
Bosphorus
with
all
the
Forces
he
could
raise
,
upon
whose
Departure
Mahomet
recovered
what
ever
he
had
won
in
Asia
.
Solyman
being
come
into
Europe
,
Musa
prepared
to
oppose
him
,
and
both
Armies
coming
in
sight
of
each
other
,
Musa
so
dealt
with
Solyman's
Captains
,
that
they
revolted
,
which
he
perceiving
fled
,
accompanied
only
with
Caratze-Beg
,
Cara
Muchil
and
one
Country
Turk
,
whom
they
took
with
them
as
their
Guide
:
whose
persidiousness
brought
them
to
Destruction
,
for
pretending
to
lead
them
through
the
by-ways
all
Night
,
he
misnaming
places
brought
them
in
the
Morning
near
to
Musa's
Camp
;
when
giving
Notice
to
the
Rusticks
they
set
upon
them
,
and
having
killed
the
two
Captains
,
took
Solyman
and
delivered
him
to
Musa
,
who
immediately
caused
him
to
be
strangled
,
whose
Body
by
his
Command
was
carried
to
Prusa
,
and
there
buryed
by
his
Ancestors
.
Solyman
being
Dead
,
Musa
took
upon
him
the
Goernment
of
the
Turkish
Kingdom
in
Europe
;
as
had
been
agreed
between
him
and
his
Brother
Mahomet
,
but
e'r
he
was
settled
he
began
to
Tyrannize
beyond
measure
over
his
Subjects
,
which
caused
many
of
his
great
Captains
to
leave
him
,
and
amongst
the
rest
Eurenosie
feigning
himself
Blind
found
means
to
depart
to
Constantinople
,
from
whence
he
wrote
to
Mahomet
then
in
Asia
;
giving
him
an
Account
of
his
Brothers
proceedings
,
and
soliciting
him
to
pass
over
with
his
Army
,
whose
Council
Mahomet
taking
,
making
first
a
League
with
Emanuel
the
Greek
Emperor
,
he
entered
Europe
with
his
Army
:
But
by
the
over
eager
pursuit
of
his
Army
,
after
the
Vaunt
Couriers
of
Musa's
Army
,
his
Orders
being
broken
,
he
was
put
to
flight
,
and
forced
to
repass
the
Seas
into
Asia
,
leaving
behind
him
a
great
part
of
his
Army
,
who
were
spoiled
by
the
Enemy
.
Mahomet
thus
foiled
,
and
desirous
of
Revenge
resolved
once
more
to
try
his
Fortune
,
and
thereupon
drawing
to
his
Assistance
Dulgader
Ogly
,
who
sent
his
Son
with
great
Forces
to
serve
him
in
his
War
,
he
repassed
the
Euxin
,
and
by
the
Council
of
Eurenosis
,
having
procured
the
revolt
of
Jegides-Bassa
,
Barack-Beg
,
and
Sinon-Beg
,
3
of
Musa's
great
Captains
who
came
over
to
him
with
3000
valiant
Turks
he
resolved
to
give
his
Brother
battle
,
the
which
being
joyned
,
Musa
by
the
revolt
of
other
Commanders
during
the
heat
of
fight
was
overthrown
,
taken
,
and
by
the
Command
of
Mahomet
strangled
,
receiving
therein
the
same
measure
he
had
dealt
to
his
Brother
Solyman
.
After
this
overthrow
of
Musa
,
Mahomet
proceeded
to
take
possession
of
his
Kingdom
,
the
which
whilst
he
was
doing
,
news
came
that
the
Carramanian
King
spoiled
his
Countries
in
Asia
,
and
had
burnt
his
great
City
of
prusa
,
which
being
a
frontier
City
was
still
exposed
to
the
miseries
of
War
;
whereupon
Mahomet
setling
his
Affairs
in
Europe
as
necessity
would
permit
,
passed
into
Asia
,
and
falling
like
a
tempest
upon
the
Country
of
Carramama
took
Aspropolis
,
Despo●opolis
,
and
Hierapolis
,
laying
hard
Siege
to
Iconium
,
which
caused
the
Carramanian
to
send
his
Emb●●●dors
to
treat
a
Peace
,
the
which
by
reason
of
the
great
●oods
of
Rain
that
fell
,
and
the
Sickness
in
the
Army
,
occasioned
by
the
intemperance
of
the
Weather
,
was
by
Mahomet
accorded
,
but
it
continued
not
long
e're
the
Carramanian
King
in
the
absence
of
Mahomet
a
second
time
invaded
his
Countries
,
with
whom
Mahomet
fighting
,
routed
his
Army
,
taking
him
and
his
Son
Prisoners
,
for
whose
Ransoms
he
had
delivered
into
his
possession
the
principal
Cities
of
Carramania
,
and
then
returning
into
Europe
seized
upon
Valachia
obliging
the
Prince
thereof
to
become
his
Vassal
.
About
this
time
two
Persons
viz.
Buriluzes
and
Bedredin
,
pretending
themselves
to
be
great
Prophets
drew
great
multitudes
after
them
who
spoiled
the
Country
,
upon
notice
of
which
Mahomet
sent
forces
to
apprehend
them
,
who
dispersing
their
followers
,
hewed
the
former
in
pieces
,
and
hanged
the
latter
upon
a
Sign-post
,
and
now
Mahomet
falling
sick
without
any
hopes
of
recovery
,
assembled
all
his
great
Captains
and
charged
them
to
obey
his
eldest
son
Amurath
,
whom
after
his
decease
he
appointed
to
succeed
him
in
his
Kingdom
,
and
lest
in
his
absence
he
being
then
at
his
Government
of
Amass
,
any
disturbance
should
happen
,
that
they
that
were
about
him
,
if
he
should
chance
to
die
should
conceal
his
Death
:
All
which
,
he
at
that
time
dying
,
being
accordingly
observed
,
for
when
the
Janiziries
and
Pensioners
mistrusting
him
to
be
dead
,
and
demanded
to
see
him
,
the
Bassas
attiring
him
in
his
Royal
Robes
,
like
as
when
he
was
alive
brought
him
forth
into
a
large
Gallery
,
placing
a
Boy
under
his
Gown
,
who
as
he
was
Commanded
,
lifted
the
Kings
Arm
and
moved
his
head
,
with
which
those
that
were
below
were
well
contented
,
and
by
this
Stratagem
kept
his
Death
Secret
41
days
,
even
till
Amurath
came
and
took
the
Scepter
,
the
which
had
they
not
done
the
〈◊〉
and
Pensioners
would
have
spoiled
the
rich
Citie
,
wherein
they
were
quartered
,
as
ever
since
has
been
observed
during
an
Interregnum
.
CHAP.
XI
.
The
Life
of
Amurath
the
Second
of
that
name
and
Sixth
King
of
the
Turks
,
his
Wars
,
Victories
and
Defeats
.
A
Murath
had
no
sooner
taken
possession
of
his
Kingdom
,
and
the
Death
of
Mahomet
published
,
but
divers
Princes
revolted
from
him
,
and
invaded
his
Territories
,
as
the
Prince
of
Smyrna
,
Mentesia
,
and
others
,
and
amongst
the
rest
an
obscure
fellow
of
Thessalonica
,
feigning
himself
to
be
Mustapha
the
Eldest
Son
of
Bajazet
who
was
slain
in
the
battle
against
Tamerlane
,
all
the
Turkish
Cities
in
Europe
fell
to
him
,
whereupon
Amurath
sent
Bajazet
Bassa
against
him
with
a
great
Army
,
which
was
no
sooner
landed
but
it
revolted
to
Mustapha
,
leaving
the
Bassa
alone
to
shift
for
himself
,
whereupon
the
Bassa
together
with
his
Brother
Hamze
submitted
themselves
to
this
counterfeit
Son
of
Bajazet
,
but
being
envyed
by
the
rest
of
the
Captains
,
they
raised
such
Jealousies
of
his
being
treacherous
in
Mustapha
,
that
he
soon
after
put
him
to
death
,
and
afterward
prepared
for
the
Invasion
of
Amurath's
Territories
in
Asia
,
of
which
he
having
notice
,
gathered
all
his
forces
to
oppose
him
,
and
after
asking
Council
of
a
Mahometan
Priest
,
who
assured
him
,
he
had
after
two
repulses
at
the
hands
of
the
Great
Prophet
,
obtained
the
favor
of
making
him
prosperous
in
his
Wars
,
and
so
coming
to
the
North-side
of
the
River
Vlibad
,
he
found
the
Bridge
broken
down
,
and
Mustapha's
great
Army
incamped
on
the
other
side
,
where
he
so
dealt
with
the
great
Captains
of
Mustapha's
Army
,
that
many
of
them
revolted
,
and
at
length
Mustapha
being
frighted
by
forged
Letters
,
importing
that
his
Army
intended
to
deliver
him
up
,
fled
by
night
,
after
which
his
men
submitted
to
Amurath
,
and
he
in
his
flight
being
taken
in
Europe
was
hanged
.
The
Rebellion
being
pacified
,
and
Amurath
informed
that
all
this
had
happened
,
by
the
contrivance
of
the
Greek
Emperor
,
besieged
Constantinople
,
which
in
vain
he
often
attempted
to
take
by
storm
,
but
whilst
he
lay
at
this
siege
,
news
was
brought
that
the
King
of
Caramania
had
set
up
another
Mustapha
,
viz.
his
younger
Brother
Son
to
Mahomet
,
to
whom
many
Countries
in
the
lesser
Asia
revolted
,
which
made
Amurath
raise
his
Siege
,
and
with
all
hast
March
to
oppose
him
,
and
with
large
gifts
to
have
the
sooner
done
he
so
corrupted
Ilias
Beg
the
young
Princes
Tutor
,
that
he
delivered
him
up
together
with
the
City
of
Nice
,
where
he
was
by
Amurath's
command
Strangled
.
Amurath
having
appeased
these
Rebellious
Tumults
,
Lessened
his
Council
from
5
to
2
Bassas
,
viz.
Ibrahim
,
and
Eivazes
,
the
latter
of
which
being
much
envyed
by
those
that
were
outed
,
they
supposing
it
was
done
by
his
perswasion
,
possessed
Amurath
that
he
had
a
design
upon
his
Life
,
and
after
that
to
seize
his
Kingdom
,
and
for
that
purpose
went
privately
armed
;
to
prove
the
truth
of
which
Amurath
one
day
clasping
him
in
his
Arms
,
as
in
token
of
Friendship
,
found
it
so
indeed
,
and
therefore
growing
more
suspitious
,
notwithstanding
his
many
excuses
for
his
so
doing
,
caused
his
Eyes
to
be
put
out
,
and
soon
after
had
news
of
the
death
of
the
King
of
Carramania
his
Mortal
Enemy
,
who
having
lay'd
Siege
to
the
City
of
Attalia
in
Pamphilia
,
as
he
was
viewing
it
to
see
where
he
might
most
conveniently
make
an
Assault
,
was
shot
into
the
Brest
,
with
an
Arrow
from
a
Lope-hole
,
at
which
Amurath
greatly
rejoyced
,
but
his
joy
was
soon
allayed
,
by
other
news
of
a
fierce
Invasion
of
his
Territories
made
by
Tzunites
Prince
of
Smyrna
,
but
it
soon
blew
over
,
for
the
Prince
being
Vanquished
by
the
Vice-Roy
of
Anatolia
,
was
together
with
his
Son
taken
Prisoner
;
and
contrary
to
Faith
plighted
Slain
;
after
this
Amurath
Marryed
the
Daughter
of
Prince
Isflendiar
,
and
then
on
a
suddain
in
revenge
of
the
pretended
wrongs
done
him
by
the
Greeks
,
besieged
and
took
Thessalonica
and
dispoiled
it
of
all
its
Riches
,
leading
away
the
Inhabitants
into
miserable
Captivity
.
At
this
time
amongst
other
distressed
Princes
,
John
Castriot
Prince
of
Epirus
,
perceiving
the
Turks
ready
to
invade
him
,
and
being
no
ways
Capable
to
withstand
so
powerful
an
Army
,
resolved
to
avoid
the
Miseries
of
War
by
a
timely
accord
with
the
Turkish
Tyrant
,
promising
to
become
his
Tributary
,
and
for
confirmation
thereof
,
as
Hostages
delivered
his
4
Sons
,
viz.
George
,
Stanisius
,
Reposuis
,
and
Constantine
;
Amurath
promising
well
and
honourably
to
intreat
them
,
but
as
soon
as
they
were
within
his
power
,
he
caused
them
to
be
Circumcised
,
and
brought
up
in
the
Superstition
of
the
Mahumetan
Religion
,
and
after
the
Death
of
their
Father
,
seized
upon
his
Kingdom
,
and
Poysoned
all
but
George
,
whom
he
Named
Scanderbeg
;
who
afterwards
became
the
Mawl
and
terror
of
the
Turks
,
as
will
in
the
Sequel
appear
.
Amurath
being
busie
in
Europe
,
the
Carramanian
King
and
the
other
Mahumetan
Princes
invaded
his
Dominions
in
Asia
,
which
caused
him
to
pass
over
to
repress
that
dangerous
Enemy
,
which
done
he
returned
into
Europe
,
and
with
Fire
and
Sword
fell
upon
Hungary
,
and
turning
thence
upon
the
Prince
of
Servia's
refusing
to
come
to
his
Court
seized
Servia
,
tho
he
had
Sworn
to
the
contrary
.
The
Hungarians
being
at
Variance
amongst
themselves
,
and
likewise
at
Wars
with
the
King
of
Poland
;
upon
the
breaking
off
of
the
Match
,
between
their
Queen
and
the
King
of
Poland
,
Amurath
resolved
upon
the
Conquest
of
that
Kingdom
,
invaded
Hungary
,
laying
close
Siege
to
Belgrade
,
often
in
vain
assaulting
it
;
and
now
the
Queen
of
Hungary
being
Dead
,
leaving
Ladislans
a
Child
in
the
Cradle
to
succeed
her
,
who
not
able
to
take
any
Measures
about
opposing
the
Turk
,
and
the
Kingdom
in
likely
hood
to
be
overrun
;
the
Nobility
concluded
to
Elect
Vldislaus
King
of
Poland
,
a
man
of
great
Fame
and
no
less
courage
their
King
,
which
done
Ambassadors
were
sent
to
Amurath
,
still
lying
at
the
Siege
of
Belgrade
,
but
they
were
nothing
more
able
to
prevail
as
to
his
raising
the
Siege
nor
procuring
a
peace
,
till
such
time
as
in
divers
assaults
half
his
Army
were
lost
,
overwhelmed
with
Wild-Fire
,
and
strangled
in
the
mines
,
nor
then
tho
he
raised
the
Siege
,
would
his
haughty
mind
condescend
to
a
Peace
;
in
his
return
,
hegreatly
troubled
the
Countries
of
Servia
and
Bosan
,
causing
the
Princes
in
lien
of
saving
them
from
the
Spoil
,
to
pay
a
yearly
tribute
of
25000
Ducats
.
Vldislaus
being
setled
in
his
new
Kingdom
,
and
having
frequently
intelligence
of
the
incursions
of
the
Turks
into
Transylvania
;
the
better
to
resist
them
on
that
side
Created
John
Hunides
Vayvod
or
his
Vicegerent
in
that
Country
,
who
putting
all
things
in
order
,
gathered
such
an
Army
as
he
might
,
and
upon
news
that
Isa
the
great
Bassa
,
and
one
of
Amuraths
most
Renowned
Captains
,
was
returned
with
a
great
power
and
spoiled
the
Country
;
he
went
against
him
incouraging
his
Soldiers
to
Fight
Couragiously
for
their
Lives
,
Country
,
Wives
and
Children
;
and
then
setting
upon
the
proud
Bassa
after
a
hard
foughten
Battle
,
put
him
to
Flight
with
the
loss
of
20000
of
his
men
.
This
Victory
nothing
daunted
Amurath
,
but
pushed
him
forward
more
eagerly
to
revenge
the
disgrace
;
whereupon
early
in
the
Spring
he
sent
Melites
Bassa
his
Viceroy
in
Asia
,
with
a
great
Army
,
who
spoiling
the
Country
,
took
a
great
Booty
and
many
Prisoners
,
but
in
his
return
being
pursued
by
Huniades
,
he
overthrew
him
,
&
Slew
the
Bassa
&
his
Son
.
By
that
means
recovering
all
the
Prisoners
and
Riches
,
together
with
the
Turkish
Camp
,
and
many
Turkish
Prisoners
of
note
,
which
caused
the
Hungarians
and
Transilvanians
greatly
to
rejoyce
;
part
of
the
Spoiles
with
the
Head
of
the
Bassa
and
his
Son
,
he
sent
to
King
Vldislaus
,
the
other
part
he
converted
to
religious
uses
,
and
what
remained
freely
bestowed
it
amongst
his
Soldiers
,
not
reserving
any
part
to
himself
.
Upon
Bruit
of
this
Victory
,
and
the
Fame
of
the
Valiant
Huniades
,
Moldavia
and
Valachia
,
before
Tributary
to
the
Turks
,
revolted
,
which
so
inraged
Amurath
that
he
sent
yet
another
great
Army
to
reduce
them
to
their
former
obedience
,
which
with
great
pride
(
under
the
leading
of
Schech
Abedin
,
Bassa
,
consisting
of
80000
Fighting
men
,
amongst
which
were
a
great
number
of
Janizaries
)
came
on
wasting
the
Country
with
Fire
and
Sword
as
they
passed
,
to
oppose
which
the
great
Huniades
marched
with
15000
Hungarians
and
Transilvanians
,
and
finding
them
still
Plundering
near
Vascape
bid
them
Battle
,
where
after
both
Armies
were
put
in
order
,
and
both
Generals
by
moving-Oration
had
incited
their
Souldiers
to
Fight
to
the
utmost
Extremity
,
a
dreadful
Fight
began
,
where
after
six
Hours
dealing
Death
on
every
side
,
the
Turkish
Army
broken
and
disordered
by
the
Christians
were
put
to
Flight
,
with
the
loss
of
30000
Horse
and
Foot
:
And
their
rich
Camp
which
became
an
acceptable
Prey
to
the
Souldiers
.
The
many
Victories
gained
by
Humiades
over
the
Turks
,
made
Amurath
more
inclinable
to
peace
then
before
;
yet
in
his
pride
he
demanded
in
consideration
thereof
,
the
delivery
of
Bellgrade
and
many
other
places
in
Servia
;
upon
which
King
Vldislaus
called
an
Assembly
of
the
Estates
of
his
Kingdom
,
where
after
many
had
given
their
opinions
,
it
was
resolved
that
the
Pious
War
should
be
carryed
on
with
all
Vigor
Imgainable
,
and
that
the
Christians
following
their
good
Fortune
should
invade
the
Turkish
Countries
,
whereupon
a
great
Army
was
raised
,
and
passing
the
Danubius
lead
by
the
King
and
Humiades
,
they
wasted
all
the
Kingdom
of
Bulgaria
,
and
having
intelligence
that
the
Turks
were
with
a
great
Army
coming
down
against
them
;
Humiades
drawing
out
10000
of
the
most
expert
Horsemen
,
having
notice
where
they
lay
incamped
in
the
Night
:
Broke
in
amongst
them
,
and
put
'um
almost
all
the
Sword
;
returning
the
next
Day
with
great
Spoil
,
where
the
King
lay
incamped
,
where
he
was
received
with
great
Joy
.
This
easie
Victory
wherein
there
fell
30000
Turks
,
and
not
past
300
of
the
Christians
,
so
lightned
the
Souldiers
,
that
they
desired
nothing
more
then
to
be
lead
forward
,
but
coming
to
the
great
Mountain
Hemus
,
and
finding
all
the
passages
stopped
,
and
being
greatly
afflicted
with
Hungar
and
Cold
;
their
Courages
began
to
abate
,
and
they
to
conceive
a
desire
of
returning
home
:
the
which
whilst
they
were
about
to
do
,
the
Turks
under
the
leading
of
Caramby
Bassa
,
Amuraths
Brother
in
Law
came
down
from
the
Mountains
,
and
fell
furiously
upon
the
Rear
of
the
Army
commanded
by
Humiades
,
and
the
Despot
of
Servia
,
the
King
with
the
Van
being
a
Days
march
before
;
but
after
a
sharp
Incounter
were
overthrown
,
and
the
Great
Bassaw
taken
by
a
common
Souldier
,
who
being
demanded
of
Humiades
what
he
would
have
for
his
Prisoner
,
he
asked
only
10
Ducats
;
yet
Humiades
ordered
him
400
,
and
the
same
Night
sold
him
again
to
the
Despot
for
40000
Ducats
.
In
this
Battle
,
but
,
as
some
say
,
in
that
Fought
near
Moravia
,
the
famous
Scanderbeg
found
means
to
fly
the
Turkish
Servitude
,
and
leading
Amurath's
Secretary
with
him
,
commanded
him
in
the
Name
of
Amurath
to
Write
to
the
Governour
of
Croia
,
to
deliver
him
the
City
,
that
being
the
Metropolis
of
Epirus
,
the
which
when
he
had
done
,
he
slew
him
and
as
many
Turks
as
were
with
him
to
prevent
its
coming
to
the
knowledge
of
Amurath
,
before
he
had
accomplished
his
design
.
And
thereupon
with
several
of
his
trusty
Friends
Posting
away
,
had
the
City
as
he
wished
for
put
into
his
possession
,
whither
he
sent
for
Prince
Amaza
his
Kinsman
,
and
many
other
of
his
acquaintance
informing
them
what
he
intended
,
viz.
that
he
resolved
to
recover
his
Rightful
inheritance
,
and
deliver
his
Subjects
from
the
Tyranny
of
the
Turks
,
which
made
them
not
a
little
rejoyce
,
and
greatly
incourage
him
to
proceed
in
so
honourable
an
undertaking
.
Things
being
at
this
pass
,
and
the
design
known
;
great
was
the
resort
of
the
Epirots
to
their
Lawful
Prince
,
who
for
the
delivery
of
his
Country
from
Servitude
had
set
up
his
Standard
:
Such
Cities
as
conveniently
could
daily
revolting
to
him
,
as
Petrella
,
Petra
,
Alba
and
Stelusa
;
other
he
reduced
by
force
,
and
having
possession
of
the
greatest
part
of
Epirus
,
he
raised
what
forces
he
could
,
and
the
more
to
provoke
the
Turk
,
passed
into
Macedonia
,
spoiling
the
Country
before
him
,
and
putting
the
Turks
to
the
Sword
.
Amurath
hearing
this
unexpected
news
,
sent
40000
select
Souldiers
under
the
leading
of
Alis
Bassa
,
of
whose
coming
Scanderbeg
having
notice
retired
into
Epirus
,
and
putting
all
things
in
order
,
raised
what
forces
he
could
to
oppose
the
Turks
,
comforting
his
People
in
the
best
wise
;
who
upon
the
Bassa's
approach
were
filled
with
fear
,
and
then
marching
against
him
,
set
upon
him
as
he
was
wasting
his
Country
of
Vpper
Dibra
,
and
overthrew
him
with
the
Slaughter
of
22000
of
his
men
,
with
the
loss
of
Scarce
300
of
his
own
,
the
news
of
which
raised
such
dispair
in
Amurath
,
that
he
was
glad
to
accord
a
peace
with
the
Hungarian
King
,
by
renouncing
his
claim
to
Moldavia
,
Transilvania
and
Bulgaria
;
and
then
turning
his
Arms
against
the
Carramanian
King
,
his
Brother-in
Law
seized
upon
the
greatest
part
of
his
Country
,
but
upon
his
Submission
and
giving
in
Hostage
his
Eldest
Son
,
for
the
performance
of
paying
double
tribute
he
restored
him
again
to
his
former
dignity
,
and
then
as
a
man
weary
of
the
World
,
sent
for
his
Youngest
Son
Mahomet
,
his
Eldest
Son
Aladine
being
killed
at
the
Siege
of
Iconium
,
by
a
fall
from
his
Horse
,
and
appointing
Caly
Bassa
his
Tutor
,
and
Chosore
a
learned
Doctor
of
the
Law
his
Counsellors
,
he
resigned
to
him
the
Kingdom
being
as
yet
but
15
Years
of
Age
,
and
retiring
into
Asia
entered
into
a
Cloister
of
Turkish
Monks
,
there
intending
to
spend
the
remainder
of
his
Days
.
But
he
had
no
sooner
resigned
his
Government
,
'ere
Vldislaus
King
of
Hungary
perswaded
thereto
by
Julian
the
Popes
Legate
who
absolved
him
of
his
Oath
broke
the
10
Years
League
made
with
the
Turks
.
But
God
let
not
so
heinous
an
Offence
against
his
divine
Majesty
pass
long
unrevenged
.
For
Amurath
roused
with
this
unexpected
news
,
leaving
his
Cloister
,
passed
over
into
Europe
with
an
Army
of
100000
Turks
,
and
advancing
with
all
speed
against
the
Christians
,
who
had
●u●dued
most
of
his
Countries
in
Europe
near
the
City
of
Varna
,
both
Armies
meeting
a
cruel
Fight
began
with
an
infinite
Slaughter
of
the
Turks
,
whom
Huniades
and
the
King
charged
with
such
fury
,
that
all
the
Fields
lay
covered
with
the
Slain
,
which
Amurath
perceiving
and
finding
his
Battle
to
Swerve
,
and
his
men
at
the
point
to
Fly
;
pull'd
the
Writing
containing
the
League
he
had
made
with
Vldislaus
out
of
his
Bosom
,
and
holding
it
up
,
with
his
Eyes
lifted
towards
Heaven
with
a
loud
Voice
said
,
Behold
thou
Crucified
Christ
,
this
is
the
League
they
Christians
in
thy
name
made
with
me
,
which
they
have
without
any
cause
Violated
,
now
if
thou
be
a
God
as
they
say
thou
art
,
and
we
deem
,
revenge
the
wrong
now
done
unto
they
name
,
and
shew
thy
power
upon
thy
perjured
People
,
who
in
their
deeds
deny
thee
their
God
.
Upon
this
Speech
of
Amurath's
,
the
Christians
who
before
were
well
nigh
Conquerers
began
to
give
Ground
,
which
the
Hungarian
King
perceiving
charging
into
the
Thickest
of
the
Turkish
Army
,
in
hopes
to
restore
the
Battle
was
there
Slain
,
which
so
discouraged
the
Hungarians
,
that
Huniades
not
being
able
to
stay
their
Flight
giving
place
to
necessity
,
and
reserving
himself
for
better
fortune
fled
with
them
,
and
left
the
Turks
the
Victory
,
but
so
dearly
bought
,
that
only
thinking
the
Christians
had
retired
to
their
Camp
,
they
durst
not
venture
upon
it
for
two
Days
space
,
till
by
the
profound
silence
they
perceived
it
was
abandoned
.
In
this
Fight
,
most
of
the
Hungarian
Nobility
were
slain
,
and
amongst
the
rest
Julian
the
Popes
Legate
,
the
Author
of
the
perjurous
Expedition
,
who
being
wounded
and
flying
out
of
the
Battle
fainted
for
loss
of
Blood
,
&
dyed
in
a
Ditch
.
And
thus
we
may
see
how
just
the
Almighty
is
in
punishing
those
that
dishonour
him
,
and
little
Availes
the
Popes
dispensation
.
This
great
and
mortal
Battle
in
which
perished
on
both
sides
60000
men
,
was
Fought
Anno
1444
,
after
which
Amurath
glad
of
the
Victory
,
tho
much
dismayed
with
his
great
loss
returned
to
Adrianople
,
and
again
resigned
his
Kingdom
to
his
Son
;
but
soon
after
being
weary
of
the
Melancholy
Life
,
he
again
assumed
his
kingly
Dignity
.
At
this
great
Battle
of
Varna
,
Scanderbeg
should
have
been
present
;
being
on
his
way
with
30000
Horse
and
Foot
in
order
to
have
joyned
King
Vladislaus
.
But
God
prevented
his
ingaging
in
so
bad
a
Quarrel
,
by
permitting
both
Armies
to
ingage
'ere
he
could
arrive
,
of
which
intention
of
Scanderbeg's
Amurath
having
notice
sent
sharply
to
reprove
him
of
Ingratitude
,
to
which
the
Valiant
Prince
as
sharply
reply'd
,
upbraiding
the
Turk
with
the
Poysoning
his
;
Brothers
,
seizing
upon
his
Kingdom
,
and
often
determining
to
take
his
Life
whilst
he
remain'd
in
his
Court
,
which
so
throughly
netled
the
old
Turk
,
that
he
raised
great
forces
to
invade
Epirus
,
sending
of
Ferises
and
Mustapha
his
chief
Bassas
,
with
promise
of
great
reward
if
they
could
take
Scanderbeg
,
and
subdue
the
Country
:
but
on
the
contrary
they
were
both
overthrown
by
the
Invincible
Prince
,
and
forced
to
return
with
great
dishonour
,
yet
the
Prince
of
Peloponnesus
had
not
the
like
good
Fortune
,
but
for
the
preservation
of
his
Country
was
obliged
to
become
tributary
to
the
Turk
.
Vladislaus
being
Slain
,
as
aforesaid
,
Humiades
was
made
Governour
by
the
general
cousent
of
the
Hungarian
Nobility
;
during
the
Minority
of
the
Young
King
,
Son
to
the
deceased
Queen
,
who
having
setled
the
necessary
Affairs
of
the
Kingdom
with
great
discretion
,
and
finding
the
Turks
since
the
late
dreaful
overthrow
at
Varna
,
greatly
to
have
incroached
upon
the
Hungarian
Territories
,
he
raised
a
great
power
and
marched
against
them
,
when
in
the
Territories
of
his
Country
near
the
River
Schichniza
,
meeting
Amurath
with
a
vast
Army
,
he
couragiously
charged
upon
his
formost
Battle
,
so
that
within
a
while
,
new
Succors
being
sent
the
whole
Armies
were
ingaged
,
which
Battle
without
any
other
pausing
then
what
Night
obliged
them
to
,
Fought
for
the
space
of
3
Days
,
at
the
end
of
which
the
Christians
being
rather
overpowred
by
number
then
true
valour
,
having
done
all
that
men
were
capable
of
doing
,
Fled
disorderly
,
and
were
Slain
in
great
abundance
:
Humiades
himself
Flying
after
,
having
Incountered
and
overcome
two
sturdy
Thieves
who
set
upon
him
to
Rob
him
,
was
taken
Prisoner
by
the
ungrateful
Despot
of
Servia
,
whose
Country
he
had
a
little
before
rescued
out
of
the
Hands
of
the
Turks
:
And
forced
to
deliver
up
several
strong
Towns
,
which
the
Despot
pretended
belonged
to
his
Territories
for
his
Ransom
.
In
this
Battle
were
Slain
of
the
Turks
40000
,
and
of
the
Christians
17000.
The
Year
following
Amurath
invaded
the
Despot's
,
for
not
delivering
into
his
power
Humiades
his
Capital
Enemy
;
whereupon
he
was
constrained
to
send
his
humble
Supplication
to
Humiades
,
whom
he
not
long
before
had
so
evil
intreated
,
for
aid
;
who
notwithstanding
leavyed
a
great
Army
,
and
passing
through
Servia
,
where
tho
false
Despot
to
curry
Favour
with
Amurath
,
taking
an
account
of
his
Army
,
secretly
sent
the
Turk
notice
what
number
the
Christians
were
,
and
what
they
intended
;
yet
this
great
Captain
marched
on
to
the
Plains
of
Cassova
,
famous
for
the
many
Battles
there
Fought
between
the
Turks
and
the
Christians
,
where
finding
Amurath
incamped
with
a
huge
Army
he
bid
him
Battel
,
which
as
the
former
with
great
Slaughter
continued
for
the
space
of
3
Days
,
but
with
better
Success
,
for
in
the
end
Victory
declared
for
the
Christians
,
all
the
Plains
being
covered
with
the
Body
of
the
Slain
,
most
of
the
Turkish
Commanders
,
either
Perished
in
the
Fight
,
or
fell
into
the
Hands
of
Huniades
,
who
having
recovered
many
Towns
,
delivered
the
Prisoners
to
the
Despot
,
and
returned
with
Triumph
to
Buda
.
And
now
a
quarrel
arising
between
Scanderbeg
,
and
the
Duke
of
Venice
,
about
one
Lech
Zachery
,
a
Nobleman
of
Epirus
;
who
being
shamefully
Murthered
by
Lech
Duchagne
his
Kinsman
,
and
having
great
Territories
on
the
Frontiers
of
the
Kingdom
;
the
Duke
claimed
it
as
belonging
to
his
Signory
,
seizing
upon
the
City
of
Dayna
part
thereof
,
of
which
trouble
Mustapha
the
Great
Bassa
,
who
lay
in
Macedonia
with
a
great
Army
,
being
advertised
by
the
command
of
Amurath
entered
Epirus
,
of
which
Scanderbeg
having
notice
gathered
all
his
forces
,
and
finding
him
Burning
the
Country
in
the
upper
Dibria
,
where
both
Armies
confronting
each
other
,
a
Turk
named
Caragusa
stepping
forth
,
Challenged
any
in
the
Christian
Camp
to
Fight
him
Hand
to
Hand
;
which
bold
Challenge
being
accepted
by
Manessi
one
of
Scanderbeg's
Captains
,
he
at
the
first
Incounter
slew
the
Challenger
,
which
did
not
a
little
dismay
the
Turks
,
who
highly
relyed
upon
the
Strength
of
their
Champion
;
for
the
Battle
immediately
joyning
,
the
Turks
were
overthrown
with
great
Slaughter
,
and
the
Bassa
taken
Prisoner
,
who
was
afterwards
Ransomed
by
Amurath
for
25000
Ducats
.
This
overthrow
so
inraged
the
Tyrant
,
that
raising
a
mighty
Power
,
he
came
in
Person
to
invade
Epirus
;
promising
great
rewards
to
those
that
could
bring
Scanderbeg's
Head
;
of
which
more
then
ordinary
preparations
Scanderbeg
having
timely
notice
,
furnished
his
Cities
with
all
things
necessary
,
providing
them
with
strong
Garrisons
,
himself
resolving
to
keep
the
Field
with
his
Army
,
and
by
Ambushes
and
frequent
Assaults
,
to
weaken
and
cut
off
the
Enemy
,
which
upon
the
arrival
of
the
Turkish
Army
he
so
effectually
performed
,
that
seldom
a
Day
or
Night
past
that
he
intrapped
not
some
or
other
of
the
Vauntcuriers
,
or
broke
into
their
Camp
;
insomuch
that
they
were
obliged
to
be
continually
in
Arms
;
whereupon
Amurath
designing
to
win
some
strong
City
,
there
to
leave
a
Garrison
,
and
so
to
depart
,
besieged
Sfetigrade
with
all
his
power
,
continually
thundering
against
it
with
his
great
Ordnance
.
But
one
Prelat
a
Valiant
Captain
being
Governour
,
right
Manfully
defended
it
,
insomuch
that
in
the
frequent
Assaults
made
he
lost
20000
of
his
best
men
,
yet
being
ashamed
to
raise
his
Siege
'ere
he
had
won
the
City
,
sent
to
offer
terms
of
Peace
with
great
Priviledges
and
immunities
,
if
they
surrender'd
the
place
,
as
likewise
by
secret
means
indeavoured
to
corrupt
the
Captains
with
great
promises
;
but
they
detesting
his
offer
regarded
more
their
Loyalty
to
their
Prince
then
his
Gold
,
yet
at
the
same
time
there
wanted
not
one
base
minded
Vallain
,
who
for
a
Sum
in
Hand
and
other
large
offers
,
when
he
had
performed
his
promise
,
undertook
to
deliver
the
City
into
the
Hands
of
Amurath
;
which
by
this
means
he
effected
.
This
great
City
standing
upon
a
Rock
,
had
in
it
but
one
Well
,
which
served
both
the
Soldiers
and
Citizens
plentifully
with
Water
,
into
this
Well
did
the
Villain
by
occupation
a
Smith
cast
the
Carkas
of
a
stinking
Dog
,
which
the
next
Morning
found
by
some
of
the
Soldiers
,
and
drawn
thence
the
rumour
thereof
was
quickly
spread
throughout
,
whereupon
the
Soldiers
notwithstanding
all
the
intreaties
of
the
Governour
and
chief
Citizens
,
the
Soldiers
would
not
be
perswaded
to
Drink
thereof
,
resolving
rather
to
indure
the
worst
Extremity
;
and
by
this
means
the
City
not
being
tenable
,
the
Governor
to
prevent
a
mutiny
amongst
his
Soldiers
,
and
the
danger
the
City
was
in
to
be
sacked
,
sent
to
Amurath
to
acquaint
him
,
that
upon
condition
the
Garrison
might
pass
with
Bag
and
Baggage
to
Scanderbeg
,
and
the
Citizens
live
peaceably
,
he
would
deliver
him
the
City
;
who
being
glad
of
this
offer
freely
granted
their
demand
,
only
with
this
condition
,
that
the
Citizens
should
build
their
Houses
without
the
City
.
These
Articles
agreed
on
,
the
City
was
delivered
to
Amurath
,
and
the
Traytor
by
whose
means
it
was
surrendered
,
was
rewarded
with
three
rich
Suits
of
Apparel
,
50000
Aspers
,
and
the
promise
of
a
yearly
Pension
of
2000
Ducats
;
but
long
he
had
not
enjoyed
his
riches
'ere
he
received
a
juster
reward
of
his
Treason
;
being
,
as
't
is
said
,
secretly
made
away
by
the
command
of
Amurath
,
who
tho
he
loved
the
Treason
,
abhorred
the
Traytor
.
The
City
being
thus
gained
,
Amurath
having
furnished
it
with
a
Garrison
of
his
best
men
,
departed
with
the
rest
of
his
Army
to
Hadrianople
,
upon
the
Rear
of
which
Scanderbeg
setting
with
8000
Horse
and
3000
Foot
,
cut
off
a
great
part
of
his
Army
.
And
having
followed
quite
out
of
his
Territories
,
returned
to
Croia
,
and
fortified
it
,
upon
notice
that
Amurath
intended
to
return
with
his
Army
in
the
Spring
,
in
which
he
was
not
deceived
;
for
the
old
Turk
desirous
to
subdue
the
Country
of
Epirus
,
to
obliterate
the
disgrace
he
had
received
by
the
many
overthrows
he
had
there
received
,
he
sent
Sebahyas
one
of
his
Bassas
before
with
part
of
his
Army
;
himself
following
slowly
with
the
rest
,
and
upon
his
arrival
sat
down
before
the
great
City
of
Croia
,
where
having
cast
10
Pieces
of
Cannon
,
he
began
to
batter
it
,
the
which
with
great
fury
he
continued
to
do
for
the
space
of
4
Days
in
two
places
,
beating
down
part
of
the
Wall
,
upon
which
he
commanded
the
Assault
to
be
given
,
thrusting
his
men
desperately
into
the
Breach
,
giving
order
that
such
as
Shrunk
should
be
killed
by
their
Fellows
,
and
on
the
other
side
promising
them
great
reward
,
if
they
entered
the
City
,
and
Mahomet
his
Son
being
then
in
the
Camp
,
and
commanding
as
General
promised
100000
Aspers
to
him
that
should
first
advance
his
Ensign
upon
the
Wall
;
but
neither
prevailed
,
for
Vranacontes
the
Governour
,
a
Valiant
man
incouraging
his
Soldiers
,
gave
the
Turks
such
a
Welcome
,
that
they
left
8000
of
their
dead
Bodies
in
the
Breach
,
Ditches
and
Plains
adjacent
;
which
Amurath
perceiving
and
understanding
the
invincible
courage
of
the
Epirots
,
caused
the
retreat
to
be
sounded
,
and
after
many
repulses
and
no
hopes
of
prevailing
,
he
fell
to
his
old
practice
,
endeavouring
to
corrupt
the
Governour
,
and
chief
Captains
with
large
Gifts
,
and
to
that
end
sent
a
Crafty
Bassa
,
with
two
Servants
Loaded
with
Treasure
;
which
the
Governour
with
disdain
rejected
,
Vowing
that
if
the
like
were
attempted
again
,
that
he
would
cause
the
Hands
,
Noses
and
Ears
of
the
Messengers
to
be
cut
off
,
and
they
so
returned
to
their
Master
.
During
this
Siege
,
Scanderbeg
was
not
Idle
but
still
hovered
about
the
Turks
Camp
,
frequently
Alaruming
'um
,
and
breaking
into
one
Quarter
,
or
other
,
killing
those
that
Guarded
it
,
and
taking
great
Booties
,
insomuch
that
after
several
Months
Siege
,
and
the
loss
of
30000
men
,
Amurath
through
Grief
and
despair
Dyed
in
his
Tent
Anno
1450
,
in
the
85
Year
of
his
Age
,
and
of
his
Reign
the
28
,
or
as
some
say
,
the
thirtieth
,
leaving
Mahomet
his
Son
to
succeed
him
in
his
troublesome
Kingdom
,
charging
him
to
revenge
his
Death
upon
Scanderbeg
,
and
so
having
his
Corps
conveyed
to
Prusa
,
he
was
there
interred
by
his
Ancestors
.
CHAP.
XII
.
The
Life
of
Mahomet
the
second
of
that
Name
,
seventh
King
,
and
the
first
that
took
upon
him
the
Style
of
Emperor
of
the
Turks
,
who
for
his
many
Victories
,
was
surnamed
Great
.
A
Murath
being
dead
Mahomet
the
second
began
his
Reign
over
the
Turkish
Kingdom
,
Anno
1450.
Being
of
a
firey
Cruel
Nature
,
given
to
many
Debauches
,
not
acknowledging
any
Deity
,
but
ascribing
all
things
to
Fortune
and
Chance
;
who
,
e'r
he
was
well
settled
,
caused
his
two
Brethren
,
the
one
an
Infant
,
and
the
other
not
above
twelve
years
of
Age
,
to
be
put
to
Death
;
after
which
he
fell
to
altering
the
Constitution
of
the
Government
,
by
abrogating
the
Old
Laws
,
and
Establishing
new
ones
more
suitable
to
his
Humour
:
So
that
he
began
to
be
exceedingly
hated
by
his
Subjects
,
when
to
prevent
any
disorder
that
might
happen
by
the
Soldiers
lying
Idle
,
he
hearing
that
Ibrahim
King
of
Carramania
was
entered
his
Territories
in
the
lesser
Asia
,
passed
thither
,
upon
whose
Arrival
the
King
unable
to
oppose
him
,
fled
into
the
Mountains
,
and
from
thence
sent
his
Ambassadors
to
treat
with
him
,
who
offered
such
Submission
in
the
behalf
of
their
Masters
,
as
Mahomet
was
well
Content
to
accept
,
and
so
returned
to
his
City
of
Prusa
,
sending
Isaac
Bassa
,
against
Elias
Prince
of
Mentesia
,
or
Caria
,
who
altogether
deprived
the
said
Prince
of
his
Country
,
annexing
it
to
the
Turkish
Empire
,
for
so
henceforth
I
must
call
it
.
Mahomet
being
proud
of
his
Petty
Conquests
,
without
any
Colour
or
Reason
,
only
being
driven
Headlong
by
Ambition
;
he
resolved
to
make
War
upon
the
Greek
Emperor
,
and
to
have
the
sooner
done
,
marched
to
the
Walls
of
Constantinople
with
a
great
Power
,
laying
Siege
to
that
Imperial
City
,
which
had
once
been
Mistress
of
the
World
,
which
he
reduced
to
such
Extremity
,
that
the
Citizens
for
meer
Hunger
left
no
filthy
thing
uneaten
,
and
at
last
Eat
one
another
;
and
perceiving
none
intended
to
relieve
them
,
they
inforced
by
invincible
necessity
yielded
the
fairest
City
of
the
World
,
to
the
Will
of
the
Tyrant
,
having
made
all
the
defence
that
from
true
Valour
could
be
expected
.
The
proud
Conqueror
entering
the
City
,
amidst
his
Cups
caused
all
the
Grecian
Nobility
,
the
chief
Citizens
and
Nobles
of
other
Nations
to
be
slain
in
his
Presence
.
Constantinus
Paleologus
the
Emperor
being
before
slain
and
Trampled
underfoot
in
the
Press
,
as
he
was
indeavouring
to
escape
the
Imperial
City
;
this
taken
after
a
years
Siege
,
Pera
a
City
of
the
Greeks
opposite
to
it
surrendred
,
yet
were
the
Citizens
used
with
all
manner
of
Despite
:
And
now
removing
the
Imperial
Seat
from
Hadrianople
to
Constantinople
,
where
it
has
ever
since
remain'd
,
he
repaired
the
Walls
,
and
such
Buildings
,
as
had
been
demolished
by
the
Fury
of
the
Cannon
.
Amongst
the
Captives
taken
in
the
City
,
one
of
his
Commanders
presented
unto
him
one
of
the
most
beautiful
Ladies
that
Nature
ever
formed
,
named
Irene
,
being
nobly
descended
;
and
for
Education
not
to
be
paralell'd
,
upon
this
incomparable
Beauty
,
Mahomet
so
doted
,
that
he
spent
whole
Days
and
Nights
with
her
,
never
thinking
his
time
well
spent
but
in
her
Company
:
So
that
his
warlike
Affairs
were
altogether
neglected
,
which
caused
his
Captains
to
murmur
against
him
,
though
they
durst
not
freely
speak
their
Minds
,
which
Mustapha
Bassa
,
one
that
had
been
bred
up
with
him
,
observing
,
presuming
upon
the
Interest
he
had
in
him
,
took
upon
him
boldly
to
declare
his
Mind
,
laying
before
him
the
glorious
Atchievments
of
his
Ancestors
,
and
the
disgrace
and
obloquie
he
incurred
by
devoting
himself
to
amorous
Delights
,
whilst
the
Affairs
of
his
Empire
were
neglected
.
At
this
free
Speech
of
the
Bassas
,
Mahomet
was
wonderfully
offended
,
telling
him
he
was
worthy
of
Death
for
his
unseasonable
Presumption
;
but
notwithstanding
he
would
pardon
him
for
the
good
Opinion
he
had
of
his
Fidelity
,
Commanding
him
the
next
Morning
to
assemble
all
his
Captains
,
and
chief
Councellors
the
next
Morning
to
attend
his
Pleasure
in
his
Pallace
;
which
being
accordingly
done
,
he
came
out
of
his
Chamber
,
leading
the
fair
Greek
in
most
splendid
Attire
,
which
adding
Luster
to
her
rare
Perfections
,
made
her
appear
more
like
an
Angel
then
a
Mortal
;
and
sternly
demanding
of
them
,
Whether
if
any
of
them
had
such
an
inestimable
Treasure
,
they
would
not
be
thrice
advised
e'r
they
parted
with
it
:
To
which
they
all
answered
,
that
he
had
with
greater
reason
passed
his
time
with
her
,
then
any
man
had
to
find
sault
therewith
.
To
which
the
barbarous
Tyrant
replyed
,
well
,
but
now
I
Will
make
you
to
understand
how
far
you
have
been
deceived
in
me
,
and
that
there
is
no
earthly
thing
that
can
so
much
blind
my
Senses
,
or
bereave
me
of
my
Reason
,
as
not
to
see
or
understand
what
beseemeth
my
high
Calling
;
yea
,
I
would
you
should
all
know
that
the
Honour
and
Conquest
of
the
Othoman
Kings
,
my
noble
Progenitors
,
is
so
fixed
in
my
breast
,
with
such
a
Desire
in
my self
to
exceed
the
same
,
as
nothing
but
Death
is
able
to
put
out
of
my
Remembrance
;
and
having
so
said
,
he
presently
with
one
of
his
Hands
catching
the
fair
Greek
by
the
Hair
,
and
with
the
other
drawing
his
Scimiter
smote
off
her
Head
,
she
vainly
Crying
out
for
Mercy
,
and
then
taking
the
bloody
Head
in
his
Hand
turning
to
his
Captains
;
said
,
now
by
this
Judge
ye
,
whether
your
Emperor
is
able
to
Bridle
his
Affections
,
or
not
;
and
immediately
to
put
this
cruel
Act
out
of
his
Mind
,
gave
order
for
his
Army
to
march
to
the
Invasion
of
Peloponnesus
,
which
he
soon
brought
into
Subjection
,
taking
most
of
the
principal
Cities
,
and
putting
the
Inhabitants
to
the
Sword
;
but
upon
the
Submission
of
Demetrius
the
Prince
thereof
,
he
restored
him
upon
Condition
of
his
becoming
Tributary
to
the
Turkish
Empire
;
and
afterwards
being
inamoured
of
his
fair
Daughter
took
her
to
Wife
,
and
soon
after
hearing
of
the
Death
of
George
Despot
of
Servia
,
he
seized
upon
his
Country
;
and
so
passing
on
with
his
Army
besieged
Belgrade
,
both
by
Land
and
Water
,
as
having
a
great
Fleet
upon
the
River
Danubius
,
on
whose
Bank
that
City
is
seated
;
which
Fleet
being
incountered
by
several
Ships
of
War
,
sent
by
Humaides
for
that
purpose
were
soon
destroyed
;
which
so
inraged
the
Turk
,
that
immediately
giving
order
for
the
assaulting
the
City
,
his
men
were
beaten
off
with
the
loss
of
4000
men
,
and
amongst
the
rest
Curaizis
Bassa
his
Lieutenant
in
Europe
,
who
making
his
approach
was
slain
with
a
great
Shot
;
and
so
well
did
the
Valiant
Humiades
defend
that
City
,
that
after
many
unsuccessful
assaults
,
Mahomet
was
forced
to
raise
his
Siege
,
and
departed
with
40000
less
then
he
brought
.
The
great
Humiades
having
thus
long
stood
a
Bulwark
to
Christendom
,
now
worn
out
with
the
toyls
of
War
fell
sick
;
and
although
his
Disease
was
grievous
,
yet
desirous
to
receive
the
blessed
Sacrament
,
he
would
be
carried
to
the
Church
,
saying
it
was
not
fit
,
that
the
Lord
should
come
to
the
House
of
his
Servant
:
But
that
rather
the
Servant
should
go
to
the
House
of
his
Lord
,
and
after
his
being
brought
home
,
his
Sickness
Increasing
,
he
gave
up
the
Ghost
to
the
Grief
of
all
the
Christian
Princes
,
and
was
buried
in
the
Church
of
St.
Stephen
in
Alba
Julia.
Mahomet
hearing
of
the
Death
of
this
great
Captain
,
who
opposed
the
Torrent
of
his
Victories
greatly
rejoyced
,
and
now
resolving
to
extend
his
Dominions
,
as
well
by
Sea
as
Land
,
Equipped
a
great
many
in
the
Port
of
Constantinople
,
with
which
he
invaded
the
Islands
in
the
Egean
Sea
,
reducing
several
of
them
to
his
obedience
,
and
Landing
his
Army
,
straightly
besieged
the
famous
City
of
Rhodes
;
but
Calixtus
the
third
then
Bishop
of
Rome
,
being
greatly
displeased
for
the
loss
of
Pera
,
a
City
belonging
to
his
See
,
aided
by
the
Genoways
,
sent
out
a
great
Fleet
under
the
Conduct
of
Lodonicius
,
Patriarch
of
Aquilla
,
fought
with
the
Turks
Gally
,
sunk
and
burnt
most
of
them
.
And
by
that
means
recovered
the
Islands
they
had
taken
,
which
so
inraged
Mahomet
,
that
he
prepared
an
other
Fleet
against
the
Spring
;
the
which
whilst
he
was
doing
,
Ambassadors
came
from
Vsun
Cassanus
King
of
Persia
with
many
rich
Presents
,
desiring
that
he
would
enter
into
League
with
the
mighty
Prince
his
Master
,
and
remit
the
Tribute
payed
him
by
the
King
of
Trepezond
;
that
Kingdom
as
he
said
,
after
the
Death
of
the
then
Reigning
King
,
revolving
to
his
Master
,
in
right
of
his
Wife
,
Daughter
to
the
said
King
;
which
Peremptory
demand
so
inraged
Mahomet
,
that
he
not
only
refused
his
Presents
,
but
dismissed
his
Ambassador
with
this
Answer
:
That
he
would
himself
e'r
long
be
in
Asia
,
to
teach
Vsun
Cassanes
what
to
request
of
one
greater
then
himself
,
and
thereupon
Commanded
the
Fleet
he
had
prepared
for
the
Invasion
of
the
Isles
in
the
Egeum
,
incontinently
to
sail
to
Sinope
,
the
chief
City
of
Paphlagonia
,
and
to
expect
his
coming
thither
with
his
Army
by
Land
;
which
City
and
Country
being
under
the
Persian
King
,
he
resolved
to
besiege
it
on
no
other
Account
,
then
to
raise
a
ground
of
Quarrel
;
which
City
being
but
slenderly
fortified
,
and
not
able
to
indure
the
Force
of
the
Ordnance
,
it
was
delivered
by
Ismaele
the
Prince
of
Paphlagonia
into
his
Hands
,
who
putting
a
Garrison
therein
proceeded
to
the
Siege
of
Trepezond
,
which
he
had
in
like
manner
yielded
to
him
,
who
sent
the
Emperor
,
together
with
his
Empress
Sons
and
Daughters
Prisoners
to
Constantinople
,
dispeopling
the
City
,
and
thrusting
thereinto
a
Garrison
of
his
Janizaries
,
by
that
means
bringing
the
whole
Country
into
Subjection
,
and
for
ever
ruining
that
Christian
Empire
:
And
now
hearing
that
Waldus
Dracula
Prince
of
Valachia
,
his
Tributary
,
went
about
to
joyn
with
the
Hungarians
his
mortal
Enemies
,
he
sought
by
all
means
to
get
him
into
his
Power
,
to
effect
which
he
sent
Chamuzes
Bassa
,
and
his
Secretary
accompanied
with
several
others
,
to
invite
him
to
Court
,
but
the
Prince
understanding
the
Design
upon
his
Life
,
hanged
the
Bassa
and
Secretary
,
and
impailed
the
rest
alive
,
and
then
invaded
his
Country
with
Fire
and
Sword
,
which
so
inraged
Mahomet
,
that
he
in
Person
with
a
great
Army
invaded
Valachia
,
ruining
all
with
Fire
and
Sword
,
till
at
length
driving
the
Prince
out
of
his
Country
,
he
gave
it
to
his
younger
Brother
,
who
in
lieu
thereof
became
his
Tributary
,
and
upon
his
return
invaded
the
Islands
in
the
Egeum
,
as
he
had
before
purposed
,
and
Landing
on
the
Isle
of
Mittylene
took
the
strong
City
,
from
whence
the
Island
take
its
name
,
after
twenty
seven
years
Battery
with
the
great
Ordnance
,
and
then
for
non-payment
of
Tribute
,
invaded
the
Kingdom
of
Bassan
;
which
subdued
he
by
that
means
incompassed
Epirus
,
he
having
all
this
while
according
to
his
Directions
of
the
Father
,
by
one
or
other
of
his
Bassas
,
maintained
War
against
Scanderbeg
,
but
with
such
bad
success
,
that
he
thought
more
then
Convenient
to
make
Peace
with
him
;
but
such
were
his
Proposals
,
that
Scanderbeg
with
scorn
rejected
'um
,
whereupon
Mahomet
sent
Amasa
Bassa
with
12000
Horsemen
,
to
wast
Epirus
;
but
Scanderbeg
incountering
with
6000
put
his
Army
to
flight
,
and
took
him
Prisoner
,
and
worse
faired
Debreus
Bassa
,
who
soon
after
was
sent
with
14000
Horsemen
,
for
ingageing
with
Scanderbeg's
Forces
,
his
Army
was
overthrown
,
and
himself
slain
.
Mahomet
grieved
his
Affairs
prospered
no
better
,
and
finding
that
by
force
he
could
not
prevail
against
Scanderbeg
,
he
dealt
underhand
by
giving
great
Rewards
to
his
Captains
,
thinking
if
he
could
cause
them
to
revolt
,
Scanderbeg
would
easily
be
subdued
,
and
so
effectually
he
wroght
with
Moses
his
chief
Captain
,
and
a
great
Soldier
,
that
in
hopes
of
the
Kingdom
of
Epirus
promised
by
Mahomet
;
when
Scanderbeg
should
be
subdued
,
and
a
great
mass
of
Money
,
he
found
means
to
escape
to
Constantinople
,
and
after
him
Amasa
another
of
Scanderbeg's
Captains
,
who
were
sent
by
Mahomet
with
great
Power
to
invade
Epirus
;
but
being
overthrown
by
the
invinsible
Prince
,
they
received
such
cold
Comfort
at
their
return
,
that
fearing
their
Lives
,
which
indeed
the
Turk
had
a
design
to
bereive
them
off
,
Moses
fled
and
humbling
himself
at
the
Feet
of
his
Compassionate
Prince
,
he
notwithstanding
his
Treachery
received
him
again
into
his
Service
,
who
afterward
served
him
faithfully
in
his
Wars
,
but
Amaze
being
overthrown
in
his
expedition
with
Isaac
Bassa
,
with
the
loss
of
20000
Turks
upon
his
return
,
was
by
the
Command
of
Mahomet
as
most
Conjectured
poisoned
,
after
which
Scanderbeg
concluded
a
Peace
with
the
Turks
for
a
year
,
and
was
afterwad
continued
for
a
longer
time
,
during
which
great
War
happened
between
the
Turks
,
about
the
seizing
the
Islands
in
the
Egeum
,
and
thereby
hindering
the
Traffick
in
the
Mediteranian
,
to
the
great
impoverishing
their
Signiory
.
Wherefore
entering
into
a
Confideracy
with
the
Princes
,
they
Arme
both
by
Sea
and
Land
;
into
which
League
they
with
many
perswasions
drew
Scanderbeg
,
notwithstanding
his
League
made
with
Mahomet
was
not
expired
.
The
Princes
thus
Confedrated
raising
great
Forces
,
when
in
the
mean
time
Mahomet
sent
Scremet
Bassa
against
Scanderbeg
,
to
keep
him
from
joyning
with
the
Venetians
,
whose
Duke
Christopher
Maurus
was
coming
to
him
,
with
ten
Gallies
appointed
;
with
which
Bassa
Scanderbeg
fought
,
and
put
him
to
flight
with
the
loss
of
ten
Thousand
of
his
Men
,
taking
the
Treasurer
of
the
Army
,
and
six
others
of
Account
Prisoners
,
who
were
speedily
Ransomed
at
40000
Duccats
;
and
greater
things
had
been
done
,
had
not
the
Duke
of
Venice
dyed
of
a
Fever
,
upon
whose
Death
his
Army
returned
home
Victor
Capella
;
the
next
year
with
the
Venetian
Fleet
,
seized
Athens
,
Aulis
,
Chalchis
,
Larsum
,
and
the
Isle
of
Himber
:
But
attempting
to
recover
Patras
was
overthrown
.
Hungary
being
destitute
of
such
a
King
as
might
defend
them
against
the
Power
of
the
Turks
,
elected
Matthias
Corroinus
,
the
youngest
Son
of
John
Huniades
their
great
Captain
deceased
,
who
not
much
inferiour
to
his
Father
in
valour
and
success
in
Arms
,
gave
the
Infidels
many
a
fatal
overthrow
,
with
the
Loss
of
many
of
their
Armies
,
and
gave
great
hopes
to
the
Christians
that
he
would
as
indeed
he
did
prove
a
Bulwark
to
Christendom
.
Whilst
things
thus
passed
,
Mahomet
desirous
to
revenge
himself
of
Scanderbeg
,
fent
Ballabanus
with
a
great
Army
to
invaide
his
Territories
,
whom
Scanderbeg
charging
furiously
overthrew
him
,
but
Moses
and
others
of
his
Captains
contrary
to
the
command
of
their
General
,
in
the
heat
of
fight
following
their
Enemies
into
the
straights
of
the
Mountains
,
where
fallen
into
an
Ambush
for
that
purpose
layed
,
they
were
taken
Prisoners
,
and
carryed
to
Constantinople
,
by
those
they
had
before
Vanquished
,
wherewith
Sanderbeg
sent
to
desire
that
he
might
Ransom
them
,
but
the
crafty
Tyrant
knowing
how
much
he
was
weakned
by
such
a
loss
,
caused
them
Cruelly
to
be
flain
alive
,
and
soon
after
sent
Jacup
Bassa
with
a
great
Army
,
with
whom
the
renowned
Prince
ingaging
,
slew
him
hand
to
hand
,
and
put
to
the
Sword
a
great
part
of
his
Army
,
upon
news
of
which
Mahomet
mad
with
Anger
,
raised
an
Army
of
200000
men
,
thinking
to
overrun
the
Country
,
but
in
vain
,
for
having
a
long
time
layn
Siege
to
Croia
,
and
there
by
the
furious
Sallies
of
the
Garrison
,
and
onsets
of
Scanderbeg
,
lost
near
half
his
men
,
together
with
Ballabanus
his
General
,
he
with
great
shame
and
confusion
returned
to
Constantinople
.
But
as
all
things
must
yield
to
Fate
,
so
our
invincible
Champion
,
whom
no
mortal
hand
could
subdue
,
wearyed
with
the
Toils
of
a
tedious
War
,
coming
to
Lyssa
a
City
of
the
Venetians
,
fell
Sick
,
and
calling
the
Venetian
Embassador
to
him
,
he
discovered
to
him
what
a
troublesome
Life
he
had
lived
,
and
by
what
means
the
War
was
to
be
maintained
,
recommending
to
him
the
care
of
his
Wife
and
Children
,
appointing
the
Venetians
the
Guardians
of
his
Son
,
till
such
time
he
came
of
Age
,
and
in
the
mean
while
to
secure
for
him
the
Kingdom
of
Epirus
,
admonishing
him
to
be
faithful
and
as
much
as
in
him
lay
to
maintain
peace
and
unity
.
Then
calling
his
Wife
and
Son
,
told
them
that
he
must
leave
the
World
and
exchange
this
Life
for
one
more
durable
,
and
willed
her
that
after
his
death
she
should
pass
over
into
Apulia
,
and
there
to
live
upon
the
inheritance
given
him
by
King
Ferdinand
,
and
then
after
some
devout
Prayers
,
gave
up
the
Ghost
,
Anno.
1466.
in
the
63
year
of
his
Age
and
24
of
his
Reign
,
to
the
great
grief
of
the
Christian
Princes
,
and
joy
of
the
Turks
,
whose
Armys
his
very
name
had
frequently
put
to
flight
.
After
his
death
he
was
with
great
Solemnity
buryed
in
the
Cathedral
Church
at
Lyssa
,
where
he
rested
till
about
9
years
after
,
at
what
time
the
Turks
taking
the
City
dug
up
his
Bones
,
and
happy
was
he
that
could
get
the
smallest
piece
,
which
they
wore
about
them
ever
after
as
inestimable
Jewels
,
superstitiously
imagining
that
whilst
they
had
them
about
u'm
Scanderbeg's
fortune
would
attend
u'm
,
and
that
they
should
be
invincible
.
Not
long
after
the
Death
of
this
renowned
Soldier
,
the
Hungarians
under
the
leading
of
their
young
King
,
seized
upon
the
Kingdom
of
Bosna
,
and
soon
rent
it
from
the
Turkish
Empire
,
demolishing
the
Castles
and
driving
away
the
Garrisons
placed
there
by
Mahomet
,
at
what
time
the
Venetians
being
abroad
with
a
great
fleet
of
Gallies
,
took
divers
Cities
from
the
Turks
,
burnt
many
Villages
,
and
carryed
away
2000
Captives
into
the
Country
of
Euboea
,
now
called
Nigroponte
,
which
so
inraged
Mahomet
,
that
he
prepared
a
great
Army
to
invade
that
Country
,
and
recover
the
spoil
;
in
order
to
effect
which
,
he
sent
Mahomet
Bassa
with
a
fleet
of
300
Gallies
,
whilst
himself
with
a
great
Army
Marched
overland
,
with
which
the
Venetian
Admiral
not
daring
to
ingage
it
,
arrived
safe
,
where
the
Turks
landing
took
Stora
Basasilicon
,
and
Marching
to
Chalcis
joyned
with
the
Emperors
Army
,
who
with
small
Vessels
and
other
Materials
,
made
a
Bridge
over
the
straight
or
narrow
Sea
,
which
divides
Euboea
from
Achaia
,
straightly
besieging
it
both
by
Sea
and
Land
,
and
with
his
Cannon
for
4
days
battered
the
City
incessantly
,
being
given
to
understand
by
the
chief
Cannoneer
of
the
〈◊〉
,
whom
he
had
bribed
,
which
was
the
weakest
part
,
insomuch
that
in
the
end
several
large
〈…〉
made
,
yet
was
the
City
so
manfully
〈…〉
the
Turks
could
not
enter
,
and
every
day
〈…〉
Turks
forced
to
make
a
new
Battery
,
for
such
part
of
the
Wall
as
was
in
the
Day
time
beaten
down
,
which
the
Citizens
in
the
Night
repaired
,
and
at
length
coming
to
understand
the
Tretchery
of
their
Gunner
,
hanged
him
up
as
a
reward
of
his
Tretchery
;
Mahomet
perceiving
the
valor
of
the
defendants
,
resolved
after
his
having
rent
the
Wall
with
his
Cannon
in
divers
places
,
and
thirty
Days
besieged
the
City
,
to
give
a
general
assault
with
all
his
power
,
at
what
time
the
Venetian
Admiral
came
in
sight
of
the
City
with
his
Fleet
,
but
would
not
tho
his
Captains
urged
,
either
Fight
with
Turkish
Gallies
,
or
endeavour
to
break
the
Bridge
,
the
which
had
he
done
,
he
had
shut
up
Mahomet
,
and
all
his
forces
in
the
Island
,
where
through
Famine
and
other
necessities
he
might
have
greatly
distressed
him
.
This
Cowardice
of
the
Admiral
,
for
which
he
and
all
his
Family
was
afterwards
Banished
by
the
Signory
of
Venice
,
being
perceived
by
the
Turks
,
they
gave
a
furious
assault
on
all
parts
,
and
were
so
stoutly
repulsed
,
that
they
with
their
dead
filled
up
the
Trenches
and
Breaches
,
but
their
number
still
increasing
,
and
continuing
the
assault
a
whole
day
and
a
night
without
intermission
,
the
Citizens
at
last
being
3
parts
of
them
Slain
,
and
wounded
,
the
remaining
part
retired
to
the
Market
,
and
there
upon
the
Turks
entering
Fought
it
out
to
the
last
man
;
selling
their
Lives
at
a
dear
rate
,
amongst
whom
many
Women
disguised
in
men's
apparel
Fighting
couragiously
were
Slain
.
The
City
being
thus
gained
at
the
price
of
40000
Turks
Lives
the
Barbarous
Tyrant
commanded
all
that
were
found
therein
to
be
put
to
the
Sword
;
which
Paulus
Ericus
the
Governour
understanding
,
with
his
Wise
,
Daughter
,
and
trusty
Friends
,
betook
himself
to
the
Castle
,
who
capitulated
that
upon
the
surrender
of
the
Castle
,
himself
,
and
his
Friends
should
have
their
Lives
and
Liberties
Granted
them
,
which
the
Tyrant
solemnly
Swore
to
,
but
having
gotten
them
in
his
power
,
made
at
the
great
loss
,
he
had
sustained
in
winning
the
City
,
he
caused
the
Governour
and
all
but
his
Daughter
to
be
presently
Slain
,
reserving
the
young
Lady
,
as
the
only
Mirror
of
Beauty
,
to
satiate
his
lust
;
but
she
disdaining
the
Tyrants
promises
,
and
reviling
him
for
his
wicked
purposes
,
rather
desiring
Death
then
to
lose
her
Chastity
by
becoming
his
prostitute
,
he
caused
her
even
in
his
presence
to
be
cruelly
put
to
Death
,
and
then
proceeded
to
subdue
the
other
Cities
of
the
Island
;
who
terrified
with
the
fate
of
Chalcis
,
surrendered
without
being
Assaulted
:
So
that
all
the
Fruitful
Island
of
Euboea
fell
into
the
Hands
of
the
Turks
,
who
infinitely
inriched
themselves
in
taking
the
Spoil
.
The
Turks
thus
Triumphing
over
the
Ocean
Islands
,
the
Christians
thought
it
no
ways
convenient
to
be
lookers
on
,
but
in
time
to
oppose
them
,
whereupon
the
Venetians
aided
by
Ferdinand
King
of
Naples
,
Sextus
the
fourth
Bishop
of
Rome
,
and
the
Great
Master
of
Rhodes
,
set
out
a
powerful
Navy
;
under
the
command
of
Petrus
Mocenicus
,
a
Valiant
Venetian
Gentleman
,
and
the
better
to
Amate
him
both
by
Sea
and
Land
,
drew
Alymbeus
Vsan
Cassanes
,
the
great
King
of
Persia
into
a
League
with
them
,
and
so
at
once
by
Sea
and
Land
,
invading
the
Ottoman
Empire
,
took
many
strong
places
,
and
Loaded
the
Fleet
with
the
Spoil
,
which
Fleet
consisting
of
85
so
terrified
Mahomet
,
that
he
durst
not
ingage
them
,
nor
once
oppose
their
proceedings
,
but
in
revenge
thereof
turned
his
whole
force
upon
Epirus
and
Dalmatia
;
which
Countries
having
lost
their
Champion
,
the
renowned
Scanderbeg
,
growing
Weak
,
he
mightily
wasted
with
Fire
and
Sword
,
till
he
had
made
an
absolute
conquest
over
them
,
and
the
easier
by
Reason
of
the
discords
,
that
arose
amongst
the
great
Commanders
,
during
the
Minority
of
the
King
;
but
ere
Mahomet
had
well
setled
himself
in
those
so
much
desired
Countries
,
he
had
news
that
the
Persians
with
a
great
Army
invaded
his
Countries
in
Asia
,
which
made
him
begin
to
consider
how
to
defend
his
own
,
rather
then
further
to
proceed
in
Conquering
what
appertained
to
others
,
so
that
increasing
his
Army
with
no
less
then
320000
men
,
he
passed
over
the
Helespont
,
and
after
several
Days
marching
,
came
within
a
League
of
the
Persian
Army
,
lead
by
Vsan
Cassanes
their
King
,
who
after
some
debate
,
gave
the
Turks
Battle
near
the
Mountains
of
Armenia
,
in
which
one
of
the
great
Bassas
together
with
40000
Turks
were
Slain
,
and
the
rest
put
to
Flight
,
which
so
discouraged
Mahomet
,
that
had
not
his
great
Captains
used
many
Arguments
to
perswade
him
to
the
contrary
,
would
have
returned
without
attempting
any
thing
further
,
but
being
roused
by
their
reproofs
,
lest
he
should
be
suspected
of
Cowardise
,
he
resolved
to
try
the
Fortune
of
another
Field
;
in
order
to
which
he
drew
up
his
forces
in
Battalia
near
to
the
Straights
of
the
Mountains
,
and
so
fortified
his
Camp
with
Waggons
,
and
other
cumbersome
Carriages
,
that
it
seemed
a
Walled
City
,
when
in
the
midst
of
his
Army
,
he
placed
his
great
Artillery
;
the
which
upon
the
first
joyning
of
Battle
,
his
men
opening
to
the
Right
and
the
Left
,
played
so
furiously
upon
the
Persian
Horse-men
,
that
they
soon
began
to
Disrank
,
by
Reason
their
Horses
upon
hearing
the
unwonted
Thundering
of
the
Cannon
,
would
know
no
Ruler
but
with
Head-strong
fury
Floundered
first
one
way
then
another
,
and
by
that
means
put
all
things
into
confusion
,
of
which
Mahomet
taking
the
advantage
,
commanded
his
men
furiously
to
charge
upon
the
Enemy
as
flyers
.
To
resist
whose
fury
and
to
stay
the
Flight
of
his
men
Zeinal
Vsan
Cassanes
Eldest
Son
Labouring
,
was
Slain
with
a
small
Shot
,
which
more
and
more
discouraged
the
Persians
,
so
that
from
retreating
,
they
betook
themselves
to
plain
Flight
,
yet
so
great
was
the
loss
of
Mahomet
that
he
contented
himself
only
with
the
Spoil
of
the
Enemies
Camp
,
not
thinking
it
convenient
to
persue
them
,
for
it
was
generally
Rumoured
,
that
in
that
Battle
he
lost
40000
men
,
and
the
Persians
1000
only
,
after
which
Mahomet
returning
home
,
and
Vsan
Cassanes
leaving
his
second
Son
with
his
Army
,
for
the
defence
of
Armenia
.
Ambassadors
were
sent
by
the
former
to
Treat
of
a
Peace
,
the
which
to
the
great
dislike
of
the
Christians
his
Confederates
,
the
Persian
concluded
with
the
Turks
.
After
the
Expedition
into
the
Persian
Territories
,
Dyed
the
Couragious
Prince
Mustapha
,
as
some
say
of
a
Surfeit
,
but
others
say
that
he
was
strangled
by
the
Commandment
of
his
Father
,
for
Ravishing
Bassa
Achmets
Wife
,
a
Lady
of
Incomparable
Beauty
,
and
Daughter
to
Isaac
Bassa
one
of
Mahomets
chief
Favorites
.
Mahomet
desirous
to
revenge
the
wrong
done
by
the
Venetians
,
sent
Solyman
Bassa
with
80000
Soldiers
to
besiege
Scodra
a
strong
City
;
then
in
the
possession
of
the
Venetians
,
and
an
Inlet
into
Epirus
,
Dalmatia
and
Albania
,
who
Anno
1475
set
down
before
it
,
and
having
raised
his
Batteries
,
gave
it
a
furious
assault
,
but
was
repulsed
by
Antonius
Lauretamus
the
Valiant
Governour
with
great
loss
,
when
a
while
after
the
Venetian
Gallies
coming
up
the
River
Boliana
,
on
whose
Banks
the
City
standeth
,
and
as
the
Turks
were
busie
in
laying
a
Chain
across
,
slew
many
of
them
,
and
forced
the
rest
to
retire
to
their
Camp
,
out
of
which
soon
after
Matthias
King
of
Hungary
drove
them
with
the
Terror
of
his
approach
,
the
Bassa
being
glad
after
the
loss
of
14000
of
his
men
to
raise
his
Siege
.
Anno
1476.
Mahomet
growing
impatient
to
be
thus
hindred
in
his
progreess
of
Victory
,
by
the
Christians
confederates
,
set
out
a
great
Fleet
under
the
conduct
of
Geduces
Achmetes
;
who
did
great
harm
to
the
Islands
in
the
Mediterranean
,
and
hoped
by
Treason
to
have
surprized
the
Island
of
Creet
,
but
was
prevented
by
the
Venetians
,
who
discovering
the
Plot
Executed
the
Traitors
before
his
arrival
,
yet
sailing
into
the
Euxine
,
he
Landed
his
men
in
Taurica
Chersonesus
,
a
Friutful
Country
belonging
to
the
Genoways
;
in
hopes
to
have
surprized
the
rich
City
of
Caffa
,
Scituate
near
to
the
Shoar
,
but
was
repulsed
with
a
great
Slaughter
of
his
men
,
but
being
reinforced
by
fresh
Troops
,
he
lay'd
Siege
to
it
,
which
by
Reason
of
the
Turkish
Garrisons
all
along
the
shoars
of
Bosphorus
,
and
the
Hellespont
could
have
no
relief
by
Sea
,
after
a
stout
resistance
surrendered
,
and
soon
after
all
the
Country
to
it
appertaining
,
most
of
the
Merchants
contrary
to
the
promise
of
the
Faithless
Bassa
,
being
plundered
of
their
Riches
.
Mahomet
thus
conquering
on
,
grew
dreadful
to
the
Tartar
princes
;
Namely
the
Precopenses
and
Destenses
,
who
for
fear
of
being
invaded
Voluntarily
submitted
themselves
,
and
became
Tributaries
,
having
ever
since
been
greatly
serviceable
to
the
Turks
in
their
Wars
,
who
now
impatient
that
the
Venetians
held
several
strong
Towns
in
the
Heart
of
the
Ottoman
:
Solyman
Bassa
with
a
great
Fleet
entering
the
Gulph
of
Corinth
lay'd
Siege
to
Naupactum
now
called
Lepanto
a
strong
City
near
Locris
over
against
Pelopennesus
,
but
upon
the
arrival
of
Antonius
Lauretanus
with
the
Venetian
Gallies
,
after
.
he
had
layn
4
Months
before
it
,
and
gave
many
unsuccesful
assaults
,
in
a
great
fury
raised
his
Siege
in
order
to
his
returning
to
Constantinople
,
and
by
the
way
Landing
his
men
on
the
Isle
of
Lemnos
,
in
hopes
to
have
surprized
the
City
of
Coccinum
,
but
were
Valiantly
repulsed
by
such
Citizens
,
and
Merchants
Strangers
as
were
then
near
the
Gate
,
and
amongst
the
rest
one
Merulla
a
Maiden
of
the
City
seeing
her
Father
Slain
,
took
up
his
Weapon
,
and
with
it
made
great
Slaughter
of
the
Turks
that
were
entering
the
Gate
,
upon
which
bad
Success
the
Bassa
departed
for
Constantinople
,
and
soon
after
was
sent
to
besiege
Croia
in
Epirus
,
to
the
relief
of
which
the
Venetians
hast'ned
with
an
Army
,
under
the
leading
of
Contarenus
a
man
of
great
courage
;
who
at
the
first
onset
overthrew
the
Turks
with
great
Slaughter
,
obliging
them
to
leave
their
Camp
,
but
not
pursuing
them
by
Reason
of
the
near
approach
of
Night
,
whilst
they
were
taking
the
Spoil
,
the
Enemy
rallying
fell
into
their
disordered
Ranks
,
and
soon
turned
the
Scale
of
Victory
,
by
subduing
those
who
a
little
before
were
Conquerers
,
in
which
last
Fight
the
General
,
and
several
of
his
great
Captains
were
Slain
.
Heightned
with
this
Success
,
the
Year
following
Asa-Beg
with
a
considerable
Army
passed
the
River
Sontium
,
where
being
incountered
by
the
Garrison
Soldiers
of
three
several
Forts
,
under
the
leading
of
Hieronimus
Nowel
,
the
Count
of
Verona
;
he
trained
the
Venetians
into
an
Ambush
,
by
which
they
being
few
in
number
,
and
beset
on
every
side
were
mostly
Slain
,
after
which
the
proud
Conquerers
proceeded
to
spoil
the
Country
,
wasting
it
with
Fire
and
Sword
taking
great
Spoils
,
and
driving
before
them
a
number
of
the
miserable
People
into
Captivity
.
The
Year
following
Anno
1478.
about
Harvest-time
they
come
again
,
and
with
a
great
power
passing
the
aforesaid
River
,
marched
further
into
the
Country
,
wasting
all
before
them
,
and
unopposed
passed
over
a
part
of
the
Alps
towards
Germany
:
a
way
both
difficult
and
dangerous
,
and
so
plundering
the
Mountaniers
who
little
dreamt
of
such
troublesome
Visitants
,
they
returned
home
laden
with
great
Spoil
.
And
now
Mahomet
remembring
the
disgrace
he
received
at
the
Siege
of
Scodra
,
of
which
he
allowed
one
a
yearly
Pension
,
to
put
him
daily
in
mind
,
he
sent
for
his
Soldiers
from
all
parts
of
his
Dominions
,
and
under
the
Leading
of
several
of
his
Bassa●
,
himself
being
there
in
person
,
likewise
he
set
down
before
the
City
with
an
Army
of
350000
men
,
and
there
casting
several
pieces
of
Ordnance
of
Mettal
he
had
for
that
purpose
brought
thither
in
Mass
,
one
of
them
carrying
a
Bullet
of
1300
pound
Weight
;
he
after
he
had
in
vain
Essayed
to
have
the
City
delivered
by
fair
means
from
the
Mounts
incessantly
battered
the
Walls
,
and
withal
threw
into
the
City
huge
Balls
of
Wild-Fire
,
and
Stones
of
a
prodigious
Weight
,
which
beat
down
and
fired
many
Houses
,
yet
so
far
were
the
besieged
from
being
discouraged
,
that
they
daily
animated
each
other
couragiously
to
defend
the
City
to
the
last
man
,
every
Night
Countermuring
the
Breaches
the
Cannon
made
,
with
Earth
Timber
and
Planks
,
which
Mahomet
perceiving
commanded
his
men
to
give
a
furious
assault
,
and
either
by
Firing
the
Planks
,
or
scaling
the
Walls
to
enter
the
City
;
the
which
in
hopes
of
great
rewards
,
promised
them
if
they
happened
to
be
Succesful
in
the
attempt
,
thrust
themselves
into
the
mouth
of
Slaughter
,
being
cut
off
in
such
numbers
by
the
storm
of
Shot
sent
from
the
Walls
,
that
all
the
plains
were
covered
with
their
Bodies
,
which
Mahomet
perceiving
and
understanding
,
they
could
not
accomplish
his
desire
caused
the
retreat
to
be
sounded
,
and
gave
order
for
the
renewing
the
Battery
,
so
that
in
one
day
the
Engineers
sent
194
great
Shot
into
the
Breach
,
and
immediately
caused
a
second
Assault
to
be
made
,
tho
with
as
bad
Success
,
as
had
been
the
former
.
About
this
time
the
Turks
under
the
leading
of
Solyman
Bassa
,
had
taken
Croia
more
through
Famine
then
their
Valour
,
which
City
the
Inhabitants
nigh
perished
with
Hunger
,
and
not
being
able
to
expect
any
Relief
,
all
the
Country
about
the
City
being
in
the
hands
of
the
Turks
,
had
delivered
upon
promise
of
Life
and
Liberty
;
but
the
Faithless
Bassa
not
having
Regard
to
his
Promise
,
having
got
Possession
put
the
remaining
Skeletons
to
the
Sword
,
which
the
Scadrians
understanding
by
some
Christians
in
the
Turks
Camp
,
were
the
more
incouraged
,
resolving
manfully
to
dye
rather
then
trust
the
perfidious
Infidels
.
Mahomet
inraged
at
the
besieged
obstinacy
,
and
the
loss
of
his
men
in
the
two
assaults
,
after
he
had
with
his
Artillery
beaten
down
a
great
part
of
the
Wall
,
Commanded
the
most
Couragious
of
his
Soldiers
to
give
a
third
Assault
,
which
they
did
with
great
Fury
,
shouting
in
the
mean
while
Showers
of
Arrows
and
Bullets
into
the
City
,
and
at
length
as
men
desperate
entering
into
the
Breach
came
to
Hand-strokes
with
the
Christians
,
and
began
a
cruel
and
dreadful
Fight
,
in
which
many
were
slain
on
either
side
:
The
Turks
still
renewing
their
assault
with
fresh
Forces
,
till
at
length
they
so
far
prevailed
,
that
those
who
defended
the
Breach
were
at
the
point
to
retire
;
at
what
times
a
fresh
Troop
brought
by
the
Governour
came
happily
to
their
Relief
,
and
beat
off
the
Assailants
with
great
slaughter
:
Whereupon
Mahomet
again
renewed
his
Battery
,
and
lodged
173
more
of
his
great
Shot
in
the
Breach
,
and
then
sending
for
his
chief
Commanders
into
his
Tent-Royal
,
pitched
upon
a
Mount
advantagiously
to
behold
what
passed
,
and
there
by
Threats
and
Promises
incouraged
them
to
undertake
a
fourth
Assault
.
In
which
he
lost
12000
of
his
best
Men
,
and
was
forced
at
last
to
sound
a
retreat
,
yet
by
the
several
Fights
the
Christians
were
sorely
weakened
in
all
the
Streets
,
lying
covered
with
Turkish
Arrows
,
and
the
Breaches
with
the
mingled
Bodies
of
the
Christians
rent
most
miserably
by
the
great
Shot
,
they
were
forced
to
Labour
both
Day
and
Night
to
repair
the
Breaches
,
every
one
incouraging
his
Fellow
in
such
sort
,
that
Mahomet
began
to
despair
of
Victory
,
and
blaspheming
God
,
for
(
as
he
impiously
pretended
)
hindering
his
Proceedings
,
he
retired
in
his
Melancholly
Mood
into
his
Tent
;
where
Tormenting
himself
for
the
space
of
two
days
,
he
would
not
be
spoken
with
by
any
,
but
the
third
Day
calling
a
Council
,
it
was
concluded
another
Assault
should
be
given
,
which
was
according
done
with
great
Fury
,
and
much
Effusion
of
Blood
on
either
side
,
but
the
besieged
and
resolving
to
sell
their
Lives
dear
,
so
manfully
withstood
them
,
that
with
Shame
and
greater
Slaughter
then
ever
they
were
forced
to
retire
;
and
now
all
Provision
being
cust
off
from
the
besieged
,
the
Tyrant
resolved
to
gain
that
by
Famine
,
he
could
not
do
by
Force
;
and
therefore
ceasing
any
further
Assault
,
caused
the
City
to
be
so
closely
Blocked
up
,
that
the
Christians
were
forced
to
Eat
all
manner
of
unclean
and
loathsome
Things
,
as
Horses
,
Dogs
,
Cats
,
Rats
,
Mice
,
and
the
like
:
Which
miserable
state
of
theirs
made
known
to
the
Senate
of
Venice
,
under
whose
Protection
that
City
was
,
and
they
being
grown
weary
of
their
twenty
years
tedious
War
with
the
Turkish
Tyrant
,
sent
Benedictus
Trivisanus
their
Embassador
to
Constantinople
,
whither
weary
of
the
Siege
,
Mahomet
was
returned
leaving
one
of
his
Bassas
with
the
Army
,
to
Block
up
the
City
as
aforesaid
;
who
upon
his
Arrival
being
admitted
to
the
Presence
of
the
Tyrant
,
he
so
ordered
the
Matter
,
that
a
Peace
was
concluded
upon
these
Articles
:
First
,
that
the
Venetians
should
deliver
him
the
City
of
Scodra
,
the
Isle
of
Lemnos
,
the
strong
Castle
of
Tenarus
in
Peloponnesus
,
and
pay
him
yearly
8000
Duccats
;
that
they
might
have
leave
to
Traffick
in
the
Euxine-Sea
,
by
the
Straights
of
Bosphorus
Hellespontus
,
and
Thracius
,
and
that
the
Citizens
of
Scodra
,
and
the
Garrison
contained
therein
,
should
upon
the
Delivery
of
the
said
City
,
be
at
their
Choice
free
to
Live
in
the
City
under
the
Turkish
Government
;
or
depart
whither
they
pleased
with
their
Goods
,
&c.
These
Articles
concluded
on
Notice
thereof
was
sent
to
the
Governour
,
who
assembling
the
Citizens
related
it
to
u'm
,
as
he
had
received
it
from
the
Ambassador
,
who
then
together
with
the
Venetian
Admiral
,
Rode
at
Anchor
in
the
Mouth
of
Boliana
,
when
after
some
Debate
it
was
agreed
,
that
they
would
leave
the
City
,
and
not
expose
themselves
to
the
Mercy
of
the
Tyrant
at
all
times
;
whereupon
at
a
certain
time
prefixed
the
City
was
put
into
the
Hands
of
the
Bassa
,
and
the
Citizens
marching
out
Bag
and
Baggage
,
went
on
Board
the
Venetian
Gallies
,
who
carefully
Transported
them
into
their
other
Territories
of
Italy
,
and
thus
was
this
City
surrendered
,
Anno
1478.
after
a
years
Siege
,
before
which
100000
Turks
had
lost
their
Lives
.
Mahomet
having
gotten
what
he
sorely
longed
for
,
sent
Achmetes
Bassa
with
his
Gally
,
to
take
in
the
Islands
of
Neritus
,
Zacynthus
,
and
Cephalenia
;
upon
which
he
seized
without
any
Resistance
,
Lenord
Prince
of
the
same
,
upon
the
Arrival
of
the
Turks
,
hasting
with
his
Wife
and
Children
into
Italy
,
where
he
was
kindly
received
of
King
Ferdinand
his
near
Kinsman
,
after
that
he
sent
three
of
his
Bassas
with
a
great
Army
to
invade
Transilvania
:
Whereupon
Stephanas
,
Batore
the
Vayvod
,
fled
to
Matthias
King
of
Hungary
to
crave
Aid
,
who
at
the
same
time
lay
sick
of
the
Gout
,
yet
he
ordered
his
two
Captains
,
viz.
Stephanus
Cherepetnus
,
and
Palus
Rivisus
,
to
march
with
his
Army
;
who
incountering
the
Turks
near
Alba
Julia
,
in
a
great
and
bloody
Fight
overthrew
the
Army
,
with
the
Slaughter
of
30000
of
their
best
Men
,
together
with
Isa
Bassa
their
chief
Commander
,
and
of
the
Christians
there
fell
8000
only
.
Mahomet
possessing
most
of
the
Islands
in
the
Mediterranian
Sea
,
began
to
be
very
desirous
of
the
Famous
Rhodes
,
and
to
further
his
Design
at
the
same
time
,
a
Fugitive
Knight
of
the
Order
,
named
Antonius
Meligalus
residing
in
his
Court
,
gave
him
a
Plat-form
of
the
City
;
informing
him
in
what
place
the
City
was
easiest
to
be
Assaulted
,
and
how
the
Island
might
be
best
subdued
:
Whereupon
a
great
Fleet
was
fitted
out
,
and
this
Traytor
to
his
Country
put
on
Board
,
with
a
Command
that
his
Directions
should
be
followed
,
but
he
by
the
way
falling
sick
of
a
loathsome
Disease
,
so
infected
the
Ship
with
his
noisome
Smell
,
that
the
Marriners
in
a
great
rage
threw
him
Over-Board
,
whilst
he
vainly
Cryed
to
them
for
Mercy
,
and
thus
he
received
the
reward
due
to
his
Traiterous
Intention
.
The
great
Master
of
Rhodes
,
having
notice
that
Mahomet
intended
to
invade
his
Territories
,
was
like
an
experienced
Captain
wanting
nothing
that
might
conduce
to
a
resolute
Defence
,
and
having
certain
Notice
that
Misistes
Bassa
had
Landed
his
Power
,
and
was
marching
towards
the
City
,
he
assembled
his
Captains
,
and
with
many
Christian
and
Soldier-like
perswasions
admonished
them
to
fight
the
Battle
of
the
Lord
Jesus
against
his
Enemies
,
which
so
wrought
upon
them
that
they
all
resolved
to
Live
and
Dye
in
his
defence
.
By
this
time
the
Bassa
had
set
down
his
Camp
,
and
began
to
raise
his
Batteries
,
according
to
the
Directions
of
one
Demetrius
another
Fugitive
Knight
,
who
in
the
first
Skirmish
according
to
the
Merits
of
his
Treason
,
having
his
Horse
slain
under
him
,
was
miserably
trampled
to
Death
;
most
of
the
Ordnance
now
bent
against
the
Wall
,
the
Bassa
sent
out
a
part
of
his
Army
to
seize
upon
an
Orchard
,
possessed
and
intrenched
by
the
Christians
,
which
those
that
possessed
it
,
not
being
able
to
defend
,
against
so
powerful
an
Enemy
slighted
it
;
and
retired
to
the
City
,
leaving
the
Ordnance
behind
them
:
Out
of
this
Orchard
by
the
advice
of
one
George
Trapain
a
Christian
Runagado
,
the
Turks
battered
the
Tower
,
standing
about
300
paces
from
the
City
with
great
Fury
,
and
having
made
a
Breach
indeavoured
to
have
entered
,
but
were
beaten
off
with
great
loss
;
after
which
they
framed
a
Bridge
upon
Boats
,
over
a
frith
of
the
Sea
,
fastening
by
Ropes
,
so
indeavouring
to
besiege
the
Tower
both
by
Sea
and
Land
;
the
which
was
no
sooner
fastened
,
but
the
Ropes
were
all
cut
in
sunder
,
by
one
Garvais
Rogers
a
most
expert
English
Sea-Captain
,
and
after
that
attempting
to
make
another
Bridge
,
and
plant
pieces
of
Cannon
in
Lighters
and
foists
,
the
Bridge
was
broken
,
and
the
Lighters
sunk
by
Anthony
Damboise
the
great
Masters
Brother
,
who
with
his
Artillery
planted
for
that
purpose
on
the
Bastions
,
beat
them
to
pieces
;
but
it
had
not
been
long
e'r
Caly
Bassa
the
younger
Arriving
in
the
Camp
,
it
was
noised
that
Mahomet
was
coming
with
an
additional
Army
of
100000
Turks
,
which
so
terrified
the
Spaniards
(
for
the
Garrison
was
Composed
of
all
Christian
Nations
)
that
they
desired
to
be
Shipped
out
of
the
Island
,
and
to
return
home
;
but
for
such
their
Cowardize
,
being
sharply
reproved
by
Peter
Damboise
the
great
Master
,
a
most
expert
and
Valiant
French
man
,
they
,
as
ashamed
of
what
they
before
proposed
begged
Pardon
,
and
afterwards
notably
defended
the
City
during
the
Siege
.
Mesues
perplexed
that
he
could
not
carry
the
City
by
Force
,
though
with
his
Artillery
he
had
levelled
the
Walls
in
many
places
,
which
were
as
soon
repaired
,
he
resolved
by
Treachery
to
perform
what
otherwise
he
could
not
Effect
,
and
therefore
made
large
Offers
to
several
discontented
Rhodians
to
poison
the
great
Master
,
which
some
of
them
undertook
to
bring
to
pass
,
but
e'r
any
thing
was
done
in
Relation
thereto
the
wickedness
was
discovered
,
and
the
undertakers
worthily
Executed
;
upon
notice
of
which
the
Bassa
more
perplexed
then
before
,
and
yet
not
knowing
without
loss
of
Honour
how
to
raise
the
Siege
,
sent
several
Messengers
to
the
great
Master
in
his
Name
,
to
promise
him
extraordinary
Matters
if
he
would
surrender
to
him
the
City
,
and
to
denounce
all
the
Miseries
of
War
upon
his
Refusal
:
To
which
the
Heroick
Old
man
returned
Answer
,
that
he
would
not
willingly
in
his
surest
Estate
use
the
Council
of
his
Enemy
,
neither
in
his
greatest
distress
refuse
Cheerfully
to
yeild
his
Life
unto
Almighty
God
,
to
whom
he
did
owe
it
,
and
that
with
far
better
Will
,
then
to
surrender
the
City
upon
any
Conditions
,
bear
they
never
so
fair
a
shew
of
Honour
or
Profit
.
The
Messengers
perceiving
this
constant
Resolution
of
the
great
Master
,
by
other
Arguments
indeavoured
him
at
least
to
become
Tributary
to
the
Emperor
,
paying
a
small
matter
yearly
for
his
Peace
;
but
he
knowing
that
to
be
the
ready
way
to
be
brought
under
the
Turkish
Slavery
,
utterly
refused
;
upon
which
the
Messengers
returned
greatly
discontented
to
him
that
sent
'um
,
who
thereat
greatly
perplexed
gave
another
general
Assault
,
battering
the
City
for
four
days
without
Intermission
,
but
not
prevailing
after
three
Months
siege
,
having
lost
9000
of
his
Men
,
and
15000
dangerously
sick
of
their
Wounds
,
and
mortal
Distempers
,
he
with
great
shame
raised
his
Siege
;
and
after
having
destroyed
all
the
Trees
in
that
part
of
the
Island
,
imbarked
his
Men
for
Constantinople
,
where
at
his
return
he
received
but
a
Cold
Welcom
from
his
imperious
Master
.
Whilst
Mesites
besieged
Rhodes
,
Achmetes
Bassa
passed
over
into
Italy
,
and
besieged
Otranto
a
Famous
City
in
Puglia
;
the
which
after
the
loss
of
many
of
his
Turks
took
it
,
spoiling
all
the
Country
round
about
it
,
which
brought
such
a
Fear
upon
Italy
,
that
Sextus
Quartus
Bishop
of
Rome
,
being
only
dreadful
to
the
Christian
Princes
,
was
about
to
fly
and
leave
this
once
Mistress
of
the
World
,
as
a
prey
to
the
Infidels
;
and
doubtless
at
that
time
the
greatest
part
of
Italy
had
been
subdued
,
had
not
the
Ottoman
Forces
been
Converted
another
way
;
for
the
Carramanian
King
,
aided
by
the
Persians
and
Sultan
of
Egypt
;
having
entered
the
Turkish
Dominions
on
that
side
,
had
in
a
mortal
Battle
overthrown
Bajazet
,
Mahomet's
eldest
Son
(
then
Living
)
with
the
Slaughter
of
well
nigh
all
his
Army
,
to
revenge
which
Mahomet
called
home
his
great
Bassa
Achmetes
,
with
all
the
European
Soldiers
,
and
in
Person
passed
over
into
Asia
;
but
upon
the
way
within
two
days
journey
from
Nicomeda
a
City
of
Bythinia
he
fell
sick
,
and
there
for
the
space
of
three
days
grievously
Tormented
with
a
pain
in
his
Belly
(
which
some
supposed
to
be
the
Collick
,
though
others
to
proceed
from
the
effects
of
Poison
)
he
Dyed
,
Anno
1481.
of
his
Age
52
years
,
and
his
Reign
31
years
.
His
Body
being
afterwards
Magnificently
buried
in
a
Chappel
,
near
unto
the
great
Mahometan
Temple
,
which
himself
had
built
at
Constantinople
;
Leaving
his
Empire
to
Bajazet
against
whom
Bandied
(
till
such
time
he
was
Poisoned
by
the
Bishop
of
Rome
,
who
at
the
Commandment
of
Bajazet
durst
do
no
other
)
Zemes
,
or
Zizimus
his
younger
Brother
,
as
in
the
Life
of
Bajazet
will
appear
.
CHAP.
XIII
.
The
Life
of
Bajazet
the
second
of
that
Name
,
and
second
Emperor
of
the
Turks
,
his
memorial
Exploits
,
Victories
,
and
Death
.
MAhomet
being
dead
,
and
Bajazet
and
Zemes
his
two
Sons
absent
(
for
the
Turkish
Tyrants
will
not
permit
their
Sons
to
remain
at
Court
when
they
are
Men
grown
,
lest
they
should
aspire
to
Empire
before
their
time
)
the
great
Bassas
,
and
Aga
of
the
Janizaries
Conspired
together
,
e'r
either
of
them
could
arrive
,
to
make
Corcutus
younger
Son
to
Bajazet
Emperor
,
which
accordingly
they
did
;
of
which
Bajazet
upon
his
approaching
the
City
of
Constantinople
,
hearing
,
horribly
Exclaimed
against
the
perfidious
dealings
of
the
Bassas
,
and
so
laboured
that
at
the
Instance
of
Cherseogles
Vice-Roy
of
Greece
,
and
the
Aga
,
or
Captain
of
the
Janizaries
;
the
young
Emperor
being
of
a
mild
and
Courteous
Nature
,
overcome
by
their
Intreaty
,
and
the
Reverence
of
his
Father
,
resigned
unto
him
his
Imperial
Government
,
which
he
took
upon
him
,
with
the
general
liking
of
the
men
of
War
,
the
finest
token
of
any
Turkish
Emperors
Establishment
;
for
if
they
oppose
it
't
is
in
vain
for
them
to
hope
for
Empire
,
and
in
lieu
of
this
Resignation
,
Bajazet
made
him
Governour
of
Lycia
,
Caria
,
Ionia
,
and
all
the
pleasant
Countries
adjoyning
;
where
being
altogether
given
to
study
,
he
Lived
quietly
all
the
Reign
of
Bajazet
,
but
after
his
Death
was
strangled
by
the
Command
of
Selymas
his
Brothers
Son
,
as
will
in
his
Reign
more
at
large
appear
.
During
these
Troubles
,
Ferdinand
King
of
Naples
,
sent
his
eldest
Son
Alphonsus
Duke
of
Calabria
,
with
a
great
Power
to
besiege
Otranto
,
which
after
several
sharp
Conflicts
he
had
delivered
up
to
him
,
with
all
the
Country
lying
about
it
,
which
had
been
by
Achmetes
Bassa
taken
from
the
Christians
,
during
the
Reign
of
Mahomet
;
to
recover
which
an
Army
was
a
second
time
prepared
,
under
the
leading
of
the
same
Bassa
;
but
e'r
he
arrived
in
Italy
,
he
was
Countermanded
upon
notice
that
Zemes
was
coming
out
of
Amasia
with
an
powerful
Army
,
to
Wrestle
with
Bajazet
for
the
Empire
:
In
which
Expedition
Achmetes
was
made
General
,
who
meeting
Zemes
by
plain
Force
,
drove
him
out
of
the
Field
with
great
slaughter
of
his
Army
;
insomuch
,
that
not
thinking
himself
safe
in
his
Brothers
Dominions
,
he
fled
into
Syria
,
and
from
thence
into
Egypt
,
to
Caytbeius
Sultan
of
Egypt
and
Syria
,
who
received
him
with
many
great
Expressions
of
joy
,
and
at
his
Request
sent
an
Ambassador
to
Bajazet
,
to
intreat
in
his
behalf
,
that
some
part
of
that
so
great
an
Empire
might
be
allotted
him
;
but
the
Proud
Turk
having
gotten
Possession
,
would
not
yeild
to
have
so
dangerous
a
Partner
:
Whereupon
the
Ambassador
effecting
nothing
,
he
joyned
with
the
Caramanian
King
,
who
by
such
a
Conjunction
hoped
to
recover
his
Territory
taken
from
him
,
by
Mahomet
,
Prince
Zemes
Father
,
against
whose
joynt
Forces
,
but
few
in
number
,
Bajazet
advanced
with
200000
Horse
and
Foot
,
of
which
the
Princes
having
notice
,
and
finding
themselves
too
weak
by
far
to
oppose
so
great
a
Power
,
not
finding
as
they
had
been
put
in
hopes
,
any
to
revolt
from
Bajazet
to
them
;
they
thought
it
good
to
retire
before
the
ways
were
beset
,
through
the
Straights
of
the
Mountain
Amanus
,
which
done
,
they
dispersed
their
little
Army
,
and
soon
after
Zemes
went
to
Rhodes
,
where
of
the
great
Master
he
was
kindly
received
,
with
Promise
of
Protection
from
the
Fury
of
his
Brother
,
hoping
by
this
means
,
if
Bajazet
should
die
a
natural
Death
,
or
otherwise
misearry
,
this
Prince
might
be
set
up
Emperor
,
and
by
means
ever
remain
a
firm
Friend
to
the
Christians
.
During
these
Transactions
,
there
wanted
not
some
in
the
Court
of
Bajazet
,
who
Envying
the
Prosperity
,
Achmetes
Counselled
the
Emperor
to
put
him
to
Death
,
falsly
insinuating
that
he
held
private
Correspondence
with
Zemes
:
Whereupon
at
his
return
from
the
Wars
,
Bajazet
as
in
kindness
to
his
Bassas
made
a
Royal
Supper
,
where
after
they
had
Drunk
plentifully
of
Wine
which
by
their
Laws
is
forbid
,
yet
frequently
amongst
the
Great
ones
used
at
their
Feasts
;
he
in
token
of
Honouring
them
,
caused
a
Rich
Garment
to
be
cast
over
each
of
them
,
but
when
they
came
to
Achmetes
,
they
cast
over
him
a
black
Velvet
Garment
,
by
the
Turks
called
the
Mantle
of
Death
;
for
whosoever
that
Garment
is
cast
upon
,
none
of
the
Bassas
dare
be
so
hardy
as
to
intreat
for
his
Life
,
which
the
other
Bassas
perceiving
,
most
of
them
being
before
privy
to
the
Matter
by
leave
of
the
Emperor
,
after
having
kissed
the
Ground
whereon
he
stood
departed
;
amongst
whom
Achmetes
would
likewise
have
gone
out
,
but
was
Commanded
to
stay
for
the
Emperor
,
and
no
sooner
were
the
Bassas
gone
out
,
but
the
Ministers
of
Death
(
which
are
certain
strong
Men
bereaved
of
Speech
,
whom
the
Turkish
Tyrants
keep
as
Instruments
of
their
Cruelty
)
Entered
,
and
were
about
to
strangle
the
Bassa
;
when
one
of
the
Eunuches
in
great
Favour
with
the
great
Emperor
,
stood
up
and
advised
〈◊〉
not
to
be
too
hasty
in
Executing
so
great
a
Man
,
so
beloved
by
his
Soldiers
,
and
best
men
of
War
,
but
rather
to
defer
the
Execution
,
till
he
saw
how
the
matter
would
be
digested
,
and
in
the
mean
time
by
Torture
to
make
him
confess
what
might
render
his
Execution
more
reasonable
,
of
which
Counsel
Bajazet
approving
,
commanded
him
immediately
to
be
stripped
,
and
delivered
into
the
Hands
of
the
Tormentors
.
The
which
whilst
they
were
doing
,
his
Son
having
gotten
notice
in
what
Extream
danger
his
Father
was
in
,
raised
the
Jannizaries
,
who
upon
notice
that
their
beloved
Captain
stood
on
the
Brink
of
the
Grave
flowed
from
all
parts
,
like
a
Torrent
to
the
Pallace
,
Thundering
at
the
Gates
as
if
they
would
have
beaten
the
Pallace
about
his
Ears
,
whereupon
causing
the
outward
Gate
to
be
set
open
,
he
shewed
himself
to
'um
through
an
Iron
Window
;
demanding
the
cause
of
that
Tumult
and
Uproar
,
to
which
they
answered
,
that
they
would
by
and
by
,
teach
him
as
a
Drunkard
or
Beast
,
and
a
Rascal
to
use
his
great
place
,
and
calling
with
more
Sobriety
and
Descretion
,
Loading
him
with
many
more
such
like
opprobrious
Expressions
,
Commandin
forthwith
to
deliver
Achmetes
,
or
else
they
would
beat
the
Pallace
about
his
Ears
,
which
demand
of
the
insolent
Janizaries
he
durst
not
deny
,
but
Commanded
that
he
should
be
forthwith
delivered
to
them
,
who
for
hast
was
brought
out
half
Naked
,
with
the
marks
of
his
severe
usage
on
his
Body
;
who
had
no
sooner
got
him
,
but
they
stripped
the
Emperors
Minions
,
and
with
their
Spoils
Cloathing
him
,
carryed
him
out
of
the
Court
on
their
Shoulders
in
great
Triumph
,
tho
the
Bassa
did
what
he
could
to
appease
the
Tumultuary
Joy
they
conceived
for
his
deliverance
.
Bajazet
knowing
by
experience
how
deeply
the
Bassa
was
rooted
in
the
affections
of
the
men
of
War
,
durst
not
presently
shew
his
Anger
,
tho
Burning
with
the
desire
of
revenge
,
therefore
the
better
to
bring
to
pass
what
he
had
purposed
,
he
took
Achmetes
into
favour
again
,
promoting
him
more
then
ever
;
which
the
Loyal
old
man
trusting
too
far
,
was
as
he
was
sitting
at
Supper
,
by
the
command
of
Bajazet
thrust
through
with
a
Sword
,
and
Slain
after
he
had
Conquered
7
Kingdoms
,
and
Annexed
them
to
the
Ottoman
Empire
,
being
the
most
expert
Commander
,
that
ever
the
Turks
could
Boast
off
.
But
Bajazet's
Spleen
not
so
satisfied
,
he
purposed
to
destroy
the
whole
order
of
the
Janizaries
,
in
revenge
of
the
insolency
they
had
offered
him
,
but
his
design
upon
their
lives
coming
to
their
knowledge
,
and
they
standing
upon
their
Guard
,
he
found
it
a
matter
not
to
be
compassed
without
great
difficulty
,
tho
to
execute
his
pleasure
,
he
had
sent
for
the
Acanzii
,
accounted
the
best
Soldiers
next
the
Jamzaries
,
throughout
all
his
Dominions
;
therefore
he
was
forced
to
forego
his
Bloody
and
Tyrannical
purpose
,
and
the
better
to
Colour
the
matter
pretended
he
had
sent
for
those
Soldiers
to
War
against
Moldavia
:
But
the
Janizaries
not
greatly
trusting
him
,
Inbattled
by
themselves
,
refusing
to
receive
him
into
the
middle
of
their
Ranks
,
as
was
their
usual
manner
,
but
shaking
their
Weapons
,
bid
him
send
his
Executioners
,
for
they
were
ready
to
receive
them
;
but
by
the
mediation
of
the
Bassas
,
at
length
matters
were
accorded
,
and
they
received
Bajazet
amongst
them
,
for
the
Turkish
Emperors
never
marched
but
in
the
middle
of
the
Janizaries
.
The
Tumult
pacified
,
Bajazet
with
his
Army
passed
over
Danubius
,
and
entering
Moldavia
besieged
Kele
or
Achilleia
,
which
after
many
furious
assaults
was
delivered
to
him
,
as
afterward
was
Ac-Gimen
or
Asprocastron
,
the
Turks
usually
changing
the
Names
of
such
Cities
&
Towns
,
as
fall
into
their
hands
.
Zemes
being
at
Rhodes
,
Bajazet
was
not
a
little
troubled
,
lest
he
should
prove
a
Thorn
in
his
side
,
&
therefore
used
many
Endeavours
,
to
get
him
into
his
possession
,
but
the
great
Master
abhorring
Breach
of
trust
,
notwithstanding
the
many
Threats
and
Promises
of
the
Tyrant
,
would
not
deliver
him
,
nor
was
he
sought
only
by
his
Brother
,
but
by
Charles
the
French
King
,
Matthias
King
of
Hungary
,
and
Pope
Innocentius
the
Eight
of
that
Name
Bishop
of
Rome
,
all
of
them
thinking
to
advantage
their
Affairs
,
by
having
a
Prince
of
the
Ottoman
Blood
in
their
Custody
;
the
King
and
the
Emperor
in
their
Wars
,
and
the
Pope
of
a
mind
more
Ignoble
,
by
getting
a
yearly
Pension
from
his
Brother
Bajazet
,
for
the
safe
keeping
him
to
the
last
;
of
which
after
Reiterated
intreaties
,
the
great
Master
delivered
him
,
in
lieu
of
which
be
was
Created
Cardinal
,
nor
was
the
Popes
Expectation
vain
,
for
he
yearly
received
of
Bajazet
40000
Ducats
,
yearly
for
the
safe
keeping
him
,
but
of
this
more
hereafter
.
Bajazet
being
frequently
troubled
by
the
suddain
Invasions
of
the
Caramanian
King
,
resolved
to
subdue
the
remaining
part
of
his
Country
,
the
which
with
a
great
Army
out
of
Europe
he
invaded
,
spoiling
all
before
him
,
but
the
wary
Prince
knowing
himself
far
too
Weak
,
to
meet
so
powerful
an
Enemy
in
the
Field
,
kept
himself
with
his
few
forces
in
the
Fastnesses
of
the
Mountain
,
whereupon
Bajazet
besieged
Tarsus
in
Cilicia
,
and
had
it
delivered
to
him
,
upon
condition
that
the
Citizens
might
depart
thence
with
their
Goods
,
and
not
be
further
prejudiced
,
either
in
their
Lives
or
Liberties
;
but
by
this
time
Abraham
,
Aliàs
,
Pyramet
King
of
Caramania
having
obtained
considerable
forces
of
Caytbeius
Sultan
of
Egypt
,
he
was
resolved
to
try
his
fortune
in
the
Field
,
and
put
all
to
the
Hazard
of
a
Battle
,
which
being
begun
the
10th
.
of
May
Anno
1486
,
was
Fought
with
great
obstinancy
on
either
side
,
for
the
space
of
a
whole
day
,
when
the
Turks
by
Reason
of
their
Multitude
prevailed
,
in
which
Battle
the
King
and
the
greatest
part
of
his
Army
were
Slain
,
and
afterward
his
Country
totally
subdued
by
Bajazet
,
who
likewise
at
that
time
took
into
his
possession
all
Asia
the
less
,
becoming
Lord
of
the
Sea
Coast
from
the
Straights
of
Bosphorus
to
the
Confines
of
Syria
.
By
this
means
the
Ambitious
Emperor
Stretching
the
borders
of
his
Empire
,
to
the
bounders
of
the
Egyptian
Sultans
Territories
,
resolved
to
have
no
peace
with
him
,
by
Reason
he
had
not
only
assisted
his
Brother
Zames
against
him
,
but
likewise
the
Carramanian
King
in
the
last
Battle
,
so
that
raising
a
great
Power
,
he
sent
them
under
the
Leading
of
Ishender-Bassa
,
Michael-Beg
,
and
Jaxis-Beg
his
two
Sons
to
wast
the
Sultans
Dominions
in
Syria
;
but
passing
the
Great
Mountain
Taurus
,
they
were
intraped
by
Aladules
the
Mountain
King
,
who
had
lay'd
an
Ambush
of
his
Savage
people
for
that
purpose
,
where
most
of
the
Turks
were
together
with
Michael-Beg
were
Slain
,
the
Bassa
his
other
Son
,
and
the
remaining
part
taken
Prisoners
;
the
news
of
which
defeat
being
known
to
Carragoses
Bassa
,
who
was
following
with
more
forces
,
it
so
discouraged
him
that
he
would
advance
no
further
,
yet
the
next
Year
passing
into
the
confines
of
Egypt
,
he
was
Fought
with
,
and
overthrown
by
the
Sultans
power
:
But
these
ill
haps
so
little
discouraged
Bajazet
,
that
he
more
inraged
then
ever
,
resolved
to
invade
Egypt
by
Sea
and
Land
,
which
the
Sultan
understanding
resolved
to
Transport
the
Seat
of
War
into
the
Turks
Dominions
,
and
so
with
a
great
Army
,
he
Commanded
Vsbeg
to
pass
into
Cilicia
,
where
not
far
from
Tarsus
,
he
found
the
Turks
incamped
under
the
command
of
Chersogles
Vice-Roy
of
Greece
,
a
most
Valiant
Captain
,
whereupon
a
mortal
Battle
begun
,
and
many
thousands
Slain
,
for
the
Sultans
Army
consisting
mostly
of
Mamalukes
,
such
an
obstinate
Fight
was
fiercly
maintained
between
them
,
and
the
Turkish
Jannizaries
,
that
Victory
stood
doubtful
for
the
space
of
2
days
,
at
the
end
of
which
the
Turkish
General
having
lost
60000
of
his
men
,
in
the
Night
left
his
Camp
and
fled
,
nor
was
the
loss
in
the
Sultans
Army
much
inferiour
,
but
the
Turks
loss
still
proved
greater
;
for
Flying
through
Aladules
Country
,
that
King
had
so
beset
the
way
,
that
most
of
the
remaining
part
were
Slain
,
and
the
General
taken
prisoner
,
nor
fared
Bajazet's
Fleet
at
Sea
better
,
for
Anchoring
in
the
mouth
of
Orentes
within
sight
of
Antioch
,
it
was
by
a
Tempest
beaten
to
pieces
,
all
which
losses
coming
one
upon
the
Neck
of
another
,
caused
Bajazet
to
send
his
Ambassadors
to
the
Sultan
to
require
peace
,
which
was
accorded
to
,
and
all
the
Prisoners
set
at
liberty
,
when
shortly
after
the
Sultan
,
who
of
a
Circassian
Slave
,
by
the
favour
of
the
Mamaluke's
his
Fellows
become
a
mighty
Monarch
dyed
.
Peace
being
concluded
in
Asia
,
the
Christian
Princes
stirred
up
thereto
by
Pope
Alexander
the
Sixth
,
that
Firebrand
of
discord
,
all
Christendom
was
in
a
Flame
,
at
what
time
Charles
the
French
King
seized
upon
the
Kingdom
of
Naples
,
taken
from
his
Father
by
Ferdinand
the
first
,
whereupon
the
Pope
and
Alphonsus
the
exiled
King
of
Naples
,
solicited
Bajazet
to
send
them
6000
Horse
,
and
as
many
Foot
for
the
recovery
of
the
same
,
laying
before
him
(
like
special
Christians
)
what
danger
the
Mahometan
Religion
would
be
in
,
if
the
French
prevailed
;
the
Pope
promising
him
also
to
Poyson
Zemes
his
Brother
,
if
he
would
pay
him
well
for
so
doing
;
these
Admonitions
and
large
overtures
so
prevailed
with
the
Infidel
,
that
he
had
great
store
of
treasure
,
but
as
it
was
designed
for
evil
purposes
,
it
prospered
accordingly
;
for
the
Vessell
in
the
Adriatick
Sea
,
being
boarded
by
John
Roverius
,
a
Venetian
,
he
seized
the
cash
before
it
came
to
the
Popes
fingering
,
yet
his
Holyness
loath
to
break
his
Word
,
nevertheless
,
contrary
to
his
Oath
made
to
the
Ambassadors
,
from
the
great
Master
of
Rhodes
,
Poisoned
Zemes
,
by
putting
Poison
amongst
the
Sugar
which
he
was
wont
to
mix
with
his
Water
,
to
the
great
Scandal
of
the
Christian
Religion
,
and
reproach
of
St.
Peter's
pretended
Successors
:
nor
was
God
slow
in
revenging
the
dishonor
done
to
his
name
,
for
Alexander
having
a
Bastard
Son
,
named
Caesar
Borgia
,
a
Profligate
Wretch
,
who
after
many
Outrages
and
Murthers
committed
,
being
about
to
Poison
several
of
the
Cardinals
,
at
a
Supper
in
the
Vattican
,
by
a
lucky
mistake
of
the
waiter
,
in
taking
up
the
wrong
flaggon
poisoned
his
Father
,
who
notwithstanding
his
infallibility
,
was
not
Poison
proof
,
nor
did
this
ungracious
Son
long
escape
,
for
fighting
under
the
standard
of
the
King
of
Navar
,
he
was
slain
with
a
hargubus
shot
.
Notwithstanding
the
death
of
Pope
Alexander
,
yet
he
left
Christendom
in
such
a
blaze
,
that
the
flame
of
discord
,
was
not
in
a
long
while
after
quenched
,
for
whilst
the
Emperor
of
Germany
,
and
Princes
of
Italy
,
were
Bandising
against
the
French
King
and
shedding
Christian
Blood
,
the
Turks
invaded
Podolia
and
Rassia
,
spoiling
the
Country
and
sacking
several
walled
Towns
,
but
by
reason
of
the
Excessiveness
of
the
Winter
,
through
Hunger
and
Cold
,
most
of
the
Army
Perished
,
yet
not
dismayed
by
the
Loss
sustained
,
he
the
next
year
sent
Cadumes
Bassa
into
Illyria
,
who
spoiling
the
Country
was
incountred
by
9000
Croats
and
Hungarians
near
the
River
Morava
,
under
the
leading
of
Count
Bernard
Francopain
,
where
after
a
cruel
and
Bloody
fight
,
the
Christians
were
put
to
the
worst
,
and
7000
of
them
slain
,
and
drowned
in
passing
the
River
,
the
noses
of
which
being
cut
off
,
and
hung
upon
strings
,
were
sent
to
Bajazet
as
a
Barbarous
present
.
Charles
the
French
King
being
dead
,
Lewis
the
12
Succeeded
him
in
the
Kingdom
of
France
,
who
laying
claim
to
the
Dukedom
of
Millain
made
a
league
with
the
Venetians
,
whereupon
Sfortia
the
Duke
in
possession
sent
to
crave
aid
of
Bajazet
,
laying
before
him
the
danger
his
Empire
was
in
daily
to
be
invaded
,
if
the
French
grew
strong
in
Italy
,
preferring
Ambition
and
revenge
,
before
the
advancement
of
the
Christian
Religion
;
Bajazet
by
this
means
stirred
up
,
resolved
to
render
the
Venetians
unserviceable
to
the
French
,
by
keeping
them
busie
nearer
home
,
whereupon
he
commanded
Scander
Bassa
his
Lievetenant
in
Illyria
,
to
break
in
upon
the
Fruitful
Country
of
Friuli
,
part
of
the
Venetians
Territories
on
the
borders
of
Italy
,
the
which
he
did
with
12000
Horse
,
destroying
all
before
him
as
far
as
Liquentia
,
driving
before
him
a
great
number
of
Captives
,
the
which
when
he
came
to
the
Banks
of
Tiliaventum
,
and
understanding
that
the
French
and
Venetians
had
driven
the
Duke
of
Millan
out
of
his
Territories
,
he
barbarously
caused
to
be
put
to
the
Sword
.
After
the
Seisure
of
Millan
,
the
Venetians
set
out
a
great
Fleet
under
the
charge
of
Anthony
Grimani
,
who
set
upon
the
Turks
Fleet
(
far
Superior
in
number
)
as
it
was
coming
out
of
the
Bay
or
Haven
of
Sapientia
,
in
the
Island
of
Sphraga
,
but
through
the
Cowardice
of
the
Admiral
,
in
not
permitting
half
his
Fleet
to
come
up
,
those
that
were
ingaged
retired
after
a
sharp
dispute
,
and
the
Turks
kept
their
course
to
Naupactum
,
now
called
Lepanto
,
where
they
found
Bajazet
already
arrived
with
his
Land
Army
,
so
that
after
a
few
days
Siege
,
the
Citizens
dispairing
of
Succour
Surrendred
the
City
,
wherefore
the
Venetian
Admiral
upon
his
return
was
Banished
by
a
decree
of
the
Senate
,
to
one
of
the
Absytidies
Islands
,
upon
the
Coast
of
Liburnia
.
Bajazet
by
this
means
having
got
firm
footing
in
the
Venetian
Territories
,
the
year
following
viz.
1500
entered
the
straights
of
Corinth
with
an
Army
of
150000
,
and
passing
through
Peloponnesus
,
lay'd
Siege
to
the
strong
City
of
Menthon
,
now
called
Modon
,
and
took
it
by
surprize
,
putting
all
the
Inhabitants
to
the
Sword
,
upon
which
several
other
Cities
belonging
to
the
Venetians
,
yielded
by
composition
,
but
after
the
taking
of
many
Cities
on
either
side
,
with
great
Blood-shed
both
by
Sea
and
Land
.
A
peace
between
Bajazet
and
the
Senate
of
Venice
was
treated
,
and
finally
accorded
upon
consideration
,
first
that
the
Venetians
should
deliver
up
the
Islands
of
Neritos
and
Lucadia
(
the
which
during
these
Wars
they
had
taken
from
the
Turks
)
reserving
to
themselves
only
the
Island
of
Cephalenia
:
And
that
in
consideration
thereof
,
Bajazet
should
restore
all
such
goods
as
had
been
taken
from
the
Venetian
Merchants
in
the
late
Wars
,
and
that
it
should
be
lawful
for
them
(
as
they
were
wonted
,
safely
to
trade
and
traffique
into
the
Euxine
Sea
,
and
to
Constantinople
,
and
there
to
have
their
Conful
or
Governour
,
as
they
had
in
former
time
,
and
lastly
that
the
Venetian
Territories
should
be
certainly
known
and
seperated
from
the
Turks
,
by
certain
Bounds
or
Limits
.
These
conditions
were
Solemnly
concluded
on
,
and
confirmed
,
both
by
Bajazet
and
the
Senate
of
Venice
,
and
so
affirmed
:
Peace
concluded
in
Anno
1503
,
after
the
Wars
had
continued
between
them
for
the
space
of
5
years
.
Peace
concluded
with
the
Venetians
,
Bajazet
raised
a
great
Army
intending
to
invade
Hungary
,
but
having
been
often
foiled
by
that
warlike
Nation
,
he
changed
his
mind
,
and
Marched
to
suppress
the
insurrection
in
Albania
a
part
of
his
Territory
,
which
done
as
he
was
returning
,
a
Derviller
which
is
a
Phantastical
kind
of
a
beggarly
Turkish
Monk
,
using
no
other
apparel
but
two
Sheep
Skins
,
the
one
hanging
before
,
and
the
other
behind
,
who
coming
up
to
him
as
if
he
would
have
asked
an
Almes
,
with
a
short
Cimiter
,
strock
at
him
,
and
beat
him
from
his
Horse
,
and
being
about
to
redouble
his
blow
,
had
certainly
dispatched
him
,
had
not
Ishender
Bassa
come
in
,
and
with
his
Horsemans
Mace
,
struck
the
Varlet
dead
,
who
afterwards
by
the
Soldiers
was
hewn
in
pieces
;
this
treacherous
and
desperate
act
so
moved
Bajazet
,
that
he
proscribed
all
them
of
that
Superstitious
order
,
and
banished
them
out
of
his
Empire
.
Bajazet
after
the
incessant
toiles
of
War
,
resolving
to
repose
himself
,
committed
the
Management
of
his
great
Affairs
to
his
3
Bassa's
,
viz.
Alis
,
Achmetes
,
Kinsman
to
him
that
was
slain
,
and
Jachia
,
who
having
got
the
Reins
of
Empire
in
their
hands
for
the
space
of
5
years
,
suffered
things
to
run
into
such
disorder
,
by
regarding
their
private
profit
,
more
then
the
publick
good
,
that
a
great
part
of
the
Lesser
Asia
was
in
an
uproar
by
the
means
of
Chasan
Chelife
,
and
Schach
Culi
,
or
Techellis
,
two
Persian
Imposters
,
who
set
the
Multitude
a
madding
,
by
spreading
a
new fangled
Doctrine
,
more
wicked
then
that
of
Mahomet
their
pretended
Prophet
.
To
quench
this
Flame
that
began
dreadfully
to
blaze
into
a
Rebellion
,
Bajazet
was
forced
to
rouse
from
his
Lair
,
yet
the
Doctrine
could
not
,
nor
is
it
,
to
this
day
extirprated
,
for
being
persecuted
by
Bajazet
,
they
fled
into
Persia
,
and
there
pretending
themselves
to
be
the
true
Successor
of
Mahomet
the
Imposter
,
and
that
none
but
they
knew
his
Will
,
and
that
those
that
believed
not
in
their
Doctrine
,
should
never
Injoy
any
happiness
after
this
Life
,
with
a
deal
of
such
ridiculous
Cant
they
so
besotted
Asymbeiu●Vsun
Cassanes
the
Persian
King
,
that
he
had
to
the
first
Author
of
this
Doctrine
,
viz.
one
Haider
,
who
was
Master
of
these
Disciples
,
given
his
Daughter
Martha
in
Marriage
;
but
he
dying
,
and
his
Son
Jacup
succeeding
him
in
the
Kingdom
,
began
to
have
his
Brother-in-Law
in
suspition
,
by
reason
of
the
multitude
that
followed
him
,
upon
the
account
of
his
pretended
Sanctity
:
Insomuch
that
he
caused
him
secretly
to
be
murthered
,
and
raised
a
great
Persecution
against
those
that
imbraced
his
Doctrine
;
yet
this
Haider
left
a
Son
which
he
had
by
Martha
his
Wife
named
Hysmael
,
who
afterward
became
a
Sophy
of
Persia
,
as
will
appear
in
his
Wars
with
Selymus
Bajazet's
Son
,
and
Successor
,
but
upon
the
Persecution
raised
by
Jacup
Son
to
Vsun
Cassanes
,
the
two
aforesaid
Disciples
of
Haider
fled
to
Armenia
,
and
there
dwelling
in
Rocks
began
to
tell
Fortunes
,
and
other
strange
things
which
made
the
Rusticks
suppose
them
men
more
then
ordinarily
inspired
;
Insomuch
that
they
gathered
about
them
in
great
numbers
,
insomuch
that
they
came
out
of
their
Iurking
Holes
into
walled
Towns
,
and
taught
boldly
.
During
the
spreading
of
this
Doctrine
,
Hysmael
the
Son
of
Haider
being
grown
to
mans
Estate
,
and
his
Uncle
Jacup
dead
,
he
by
the
Aid
of
such
as
favoured
his
Fathers
Doctrine
,
won
the
Kingdom
of
Armenia
,
and
after
that
overthrowing
Eluan
the
Persian
King
,
Son
to
his
Uncle
Jacup
in
a
pitched
Battle
,
wherein
the
said
King
was
slain
,
he
took
Possession
of
all
his
Grand-fathers
Dominions
,
and
from
that
time
was
called
the
great
Sophy
of
Persia
,
being
afterward
exceedingly
beloved
of
his
Subjects
.
This
Hysmale
was
no
sooner
Established
in
his
Kingdom
,
but
he
Established
to
his
Power
his
Fathers
Doctrine
,
which
Chusan
,
Chelife
,
and
Techellis
,
perceiving
,
and
understanding
the
unlooked
for
success
of
their
Masters
Son
,
they
resolved
not
to
be
Idle
,
but
to
try
their
Fortune
likewise
:
Whereupon
gathering
a
great
number
of
their
Proselytes
in
Arms
,
they
wasted
again
the
Countries
in
the
lesser
Asia
,
and
being
incouraged
thereto
by
Hysmale
with
Promise
of
great
Succours
,
they
set
down
before
the
City
of
Iconium
;
sending
out
their
Proclamations
strictly
to
injoyn
all
the
People
thereabout
to
imbrace
their
Doctrine
,
threatning
them
otherwise
with
Death
,
and
Confiscation
of
Goods
;
which
wrought
such
Terror
in
the
Peasants
,
that
they
had
many
of
them
joyned
with
them
;
so
that
within
a
while
their
number
was
increased
,
from
10
to
50000.
Whereupon
Orchanes
and
Mahomites
,
two
of
Bajazets
Nephews
gathering
what
Forces
they
could
Sallyed
out
of
the
City
against
them
,
but
were
put
to
flight
with
the
loss
of
most
of
their
Men
:
Corcutus
also
one
of
Bajazets
Sons
,
and
then
Governour
of
Thyatria
,
Sypilus
,
Magnesia
,
and
Phocia
,
having
leavyed
a
great
Army
,
durst
not
nevertheless
to
give
them
Battle
,
but
waited
the
coming
of
Caragoses
Bassa
,
who
was
raising
great
Forces
in
Cappadocia
and
Pontus
;
having
sent
his
Command
to
Achmetes
one
of
Bajazets
Sons
to
do
the
like
,
but
e'r
he
had
gathered
a
sufficient
Power
,
the
pretended
Prophets
came
upon
him
,
put
such
Forces
as
he
had
to
the
Rout
,
and
forced
Caragoses
then
Vice-Roy
of
Asia
,
for
his
safety
to
fly
into
the
City
of
Cutaie
,
near
unto
the
Mountain
Horminius
,
situate
in
the
middle
of
the
lesser
Asia
;
which
City
they
besieged
,
took
by
force
,
and
in
it
the
Vice-Roy
his
Wife
and
Children
,
putting
most
of
the
Citizens
to
the
Sword
,
and
from
thence
marched
to
besiege
the
great
City
of
Prusa
;
but
in
their
way
hearing
that
Alis
Bassa
was
come
out
of
Europe
with
great
Power
,
and
followed
hard
upon
them
,
they
retreated
and
passed
another
way
to
avoid
joyning
with
the
Turks
in
the
plain
Ground
,
of
which
the
Bassa
having
Notice
,
and
dispairing
to
overtake
them
with
his
Footmen
,
chose
out
8000
of
his
swiftest
Horse
,
leaving
Achmetes
with
the
rest
of
the
Army
,
after
a
tedious
March
he
fell
in
with
their
Rear
:
Whereupon
Techellis
,
who
was
chosen
General
of
the
Rebels
,
put
his
men
in
Battle
Array
;
when
taking
the
most
advantagious
Ground
,
he
stayed
the
coming
of
the
Turkish
Horse
,
who
charged
him
in
the
Front
with
great
Fury
,
but
wanting
Foot
to
second
them
in
so
Hilly
a
Country
were
driven
back
,
which
the
Bassa
perceiving
drew
forth
1000
Harquebusiers
,
who
served
as
Foot
to
oppose
the
Front
,
whilst
the
Horse
Charged
on
the
right
and
left
Wings
of
the
Enemies
Army
,
which
was
performed
with
such
Bravery
,
that
Techellis's
Men
gave
Ground
,
and
in
the
Rear
broke
and
disordered
their
own
Ranks
;
when
Chelife
one
of
the
Impostors
fighting
desperately
was
slain
.
But
Techellis
coming
with
fresh
supplies
,
restored
the
Battle
,
to
break
which
Alis
Bassa
Charging
furiously
with
fresh
Troops
of
Horse
,
&
entering
too
far
amongst
the
Squadrons
of
his
Enemies
was
slain
,
which
so
discouraged
his
men
(
then
at
the
point
to
have
prevailed
)
that
they
first
fainted
,
and
afterwards
betook
themselves
to
plain
flight
;
so
that
in
passing
the
Mountains
many
of
them
were
slain
,
and
more
taken
Prisoners
.
Bajazet
hearing
of
the
Success
of
the
Rebels
,
sent
Jonuses
Bassa
against
them
with
40000
Horse
and
Foot
,
upon
whose
approach
they
retired
into
the
Mountains
,
but
being
driven
thence
they
fled
into
Armenia
:
Whereupon
the
Bassa
fretting
that
he
had
not
beset
the
ways
,
caused
all
that
he
found
to
imbrace
the
new
Religion
,
or
to
have
born
Arms
against
Bajazet
on
the
behalf
of
Techellis
,
either
to
be
put
to
Death
,
Burnt
in
the
Forehead
with
a
hot
Iron
,
or
Transported
into
Europe
,
to
prevent
any
future
Insurrection
;
and
upon
his
return
to
Constantinople
had
Notice
,
that
Techellis
and
his
scattered
Forces
in
their
flight
,
lighting
upon
a
Caravan
of
Silks
and
other
Rich
Merchandize
took
the
spoil
thereof
,
for
which
outrage
coming
to
Tauris
,
the
Captains
were
all
by
the
Command
of
Hysmael
hanged
upon
Gibbits
,
and
Techellis
for
a
Terror
to
others
burnt
alive
.
The
Astan
Rebellion
suppressed
by
the
means
aforesaid
,
the
year
following
,
viz.
Anno
1509.
a
dreadful
Earthquake
happened
in
Constantinople
,
and
the
Countries
adjacent
,
which
lasted
with
very
little
Intermission
for
the
space
of
eighteen
days
,
or
as
the
Turks
affirm
a
Month
;
in
which
time
●●
t●ew
to
the
ground
many
stately
Buildings
in
Constantinople
,
Hadrianople
and
other
Cities
of
Greece
,
and
in
their
Ruins
overwhelmed
13000
People
;
after
which
a
great
Mortality
happened
,
which
dispeopled
many
Cities
in
the
Turks
Dominions
;
but
both
being
past
,
Bajazet
set
80000
to
repair
the
mischief
Constantinople
had
sustained
by
the
Earthquake
,
which
they
performed
in
four
Months
,
Beautifying
the
City
more
then
ever
.
Bajazet
had
by
his
many
Wives
eight
Sons
,
and
six
Daughters
,
who
lived
to
be
Men
and
Women
grown
,
and
the
Sons
all
Governours
in
divers
Provinces
of
his
large
Empire
,
whom
the
Turkish
History
after
this
manner
reckons
up
,
viz.
Abdullah
Zelebi
,
Alem
Scach
,
Tzihan
Scach
,
Achmet
,
Machmut
,
Corcut
Selim
,
and
Mahomet
;
yet
as
Antonius
Vtrius
,
Genois
,
who
long
time
lived
in
Bajazet's
Court
,
accounts
,
they
were
only
six
,
whose
Names
he
recites
thus
;
Scieniscia
,
Alemscia
,
Achometes
,
Mahometes
,
Selymus
,
and
Corcutus
,
and
that
the
two
former
dyed
long
before
their
Father
,
and
were
by
him
greatly
lamented
;
now
as
for
Tizhan
,
and
Abdula
Zelebi
,
the
Turks
report
they
were
put
to
Death
by
their
Fathers
Command
,
upon
:
Suspition
that
they
aspired
too
high
in
Conceit
of
Empire
.
Of
all
these
Sons
Mahometes
was
of
greatest
hope
who
was
by
his
Father
made
Governour
of
Magnesia
,
but
being
by
reason
of
his
Youth
,
somewhat
Frolicksome
,
he
often
went
disguised
,
to
take
a
view
of
his
Brothers
Courts
,
how
therein
they
behaved
themselves
&c.
And
at
last
came
with
two
others
in
the
habit
o●
Sea-faring
men
to
the
Court
of
Bajazet
,
where
not
at
first
finding
Admittance
to
the
Emperors
Presence
they
went
and
bought
a
fair
Christian
Captive
,
and
then
pretending
they
had
a
Present
to
deliver
,
were
by
the
Warders
permitted
to
enter
,
and
having
delivered
the
Present
found
means
to
depart
;
being
first
rewarded
with
three
rich
Garments
,
but
e'r
they
were
gotten
on
Ship-board
,
they
were
met
by
a
Courtier
that
knew
Mahometes
,
who
allighting
would
have
done
him
Reverence
,
but
he
forbad
it
,
as
not
being
willing
to
be
discovered
,
yet
it
was
not
kept
so
close
but
it
came
to
Bajazet's
Ear
,
who
jealous
(
as
always
Tyrants
are
)
that
under
such
like
Intreagues
might
be
hid
some
secret
Conspiracy
against
his
Life
,
or
Empire
,
he
wrote
to
one
Asmehemides
a
Courtier
highly
in
Favour
with
Mahometes
to
poison
him
,
sending
withal
a
poisonous
Powder
to
effect
it
;
which
this
perfidious
Courtier
,
in
hopes
to
succeed
him
in
his
Government
performed
,
but
long
it
was
not
e'r
the
Tyrant
repenting
him
of
his
inhumane
and
unnatural
Command
,
cast
the
said
Courtier
in
Prison
where
he
miserably
perished
.
Bajazet
having
caused
Mahometes
to
be
poisoned
,
whom
he
need
not
to
have
feared
:
Selymus
the
Governour
of
Trepezond
,
one
whom
he
intirely
Loved
,
immediately
Conspired
against
him
,
and
having
Corrupted
most
of
the
great
Bassas
of
the
Court
,
the
better
to
strengthen
himself
,
married
the
Daughter
of
Mahometes
the
Tartarian
King
,
who
Aiding
him
with
15000
Tartarian
Horse
,
he
left
his
Government
and
passed
over
the
Euxine
into
Europe
,
under
pretence
of
invading
Hungary
,
where
haivng
notice
that
his
Father
intended
to
declare
Achometes
his
Successor
;
leaving
the
Coast
of
Hungary
,
he
marched
directly
towards
Hadrianople
,
where
Bajazet
lay
with
his
Army
,
and
incamping
within
sight
of
the
City
,
sent
a
feigned
Message
to
excuse
his
coming
in
a
Hostile
manner
;
the
which
was
as
he
said
,
only
that
he
might
gain
Access
to
his
Presence
,
to
shew
him
such
Reasons
as
he
doubted
not
but
he
would
approve
of
,
why
Achometes
should
not
succeed
him
;
but
Bajazet
not
trusting
to
his
fawning
,
sent
him
word
that
if
he
did
not
immediately
return
to
his
Government
in
Asia
and
disband
his
Army
,
he
would
not
fail
to
chastise
him
with
the
Scourge
of
War
.
But
this
Speech
did
not
at
all
dismay
the
Head-strong
Youth
,
nor
could
all
the
Presents
,
and
fair
Words
Bajazet
could
devise
avert
him
;
but
raising
his
Camp
marched
directly
towards
Constantinople
,
which
Bajazet
perceiving
drew
his
Army
out
of
Hadrianople
,
and
marched
to
prevent
his
surprizing
the
Imperial
City
,
at
whose
Departure
out
of
Hadrianople
Selymus
entered
it
,
and
having
there
refreshed
his
Army
,
followed
hard
upon
his
Father
,
cutting
off
the
straglers
of
his
Army
,
and
part
of
his
Rear
,
which
caused
the
Old
man
to
Face
about
and
bid
him
Battle
,
though
all
the
Bassas
except
Cherseogles
disswaded
him
from
it
,
as
secretly
favouring
Selymus
,
which
Selymus
as
willing
to
accept
,
after
both
Armies
were
put
into
Order
,
and
Bajazet
with
a
moving
Oration
had
incouraged
his
Men
,
a
cruel
Fight
began
,
which
continued
from
Noon
,
till
the
setting
of
the
Sun
;
at
what
time
the
Tartarian
Horse
sore
Gauled
with
the
shot
of
the
Harquebusses
,
and
terrified
with
the
Thundering
noise
,
disranked
and
fled
in
spite
of
their
Rider
,
after
which
the
Foot
being
Charged
by
the
Janizaries
were
most
of
them
slain
,
Selymus
himself
upon
a
swift
Horse
hardly
scaping
.
In
this
Battle
fought
,
Anno
1511.
near
Chiurlus
,
30000
of
Selymus
his
Men
were
slain
and
taken
Prisoners
,
with
the
loss
only
of
7000
of
Bajazet's
Soldiers
,
after
which
Bajazet
kept
on
his
way
to
Constantinople
,
where
he
no
sooner
arrived
,
but
he
bountifully
rewarded
his
Men
:
Achometes
Bajazet's
eldest
Son
being
at
Amasia
,
and
hearing
what
had
passed
,
raised
an
Army
of
20000
Horse
and
Foot
,
and
by
speedy
marches
came
to
Scutari
,
Antiently
called
Christophorus
,
situate
upon
the
Straights
of
Bosphorus
,
over
against
Constantinople
,
where
incamping
he
sent
Messengers
to
his
Father
,
requesting
him
as
he
had
frequently
determined
to
declare
him
his
Successor
,
as
by
Seniority
he
ought
,
and
to
resign
him
the
Empire
,
all
which
Bajazet
intended
to
do
,
and
proposed
such
his
Intentions
to
his
Captains
;
but
they
bribed
by
Selymus
,
opposed
him
therein
,
saying
they
would
acknowledge
no
other
Emperor
but
himself
,
and
as
the
Captains
said
,
so
said
the
Soldiers
:
Whereupon
he
sent
to
Achometes
,
to
inform
him
of
the
Obstinacy
of
the
Soldiers
,
and
desired
him
to
return
to
his
Government
of
Amasa
,
till
he
could
mold
them
into
a
better
Temper
by
his
Bounty
;
but
he
impatient
of
delay
,
not
only
abused
the
Messenger
,
but
greatly
reproached
his
Father
,
rose
with
his
Army
and
marching
through
the
Country
spoiled
Bythinia
,
and
growing
daily
more
and
more
inflamed
,
from
being
barred
of
his
Expectation
,
purposed
to
have
seized
upon
Asia
the
less
;
upon
which
calling
to
him
his
two
Sons
,
Amurath
and
Aladine
young
Princes
of
great
hope
,
he
admonished
them
to
take
up
Arms
against
their
Grand-father
,
who
prone
enough
thereto
of
themselves
,
and
now
incited
by
their
Father
,
in
a
short
time
raised
a
great
Army
,
and
joyning
with
the
standing
Forces
;
Achometes
had
before
in
pay
over-run
a
great
part
of
Asia
,
Achometes
causing
himself
every
where
to
be
proclaimed
King
.
These
proceedings
greatly
troubled
Bajazet
,
insomuch
that
to
prevent
Blood-shed
,
he
sent
to
him
his
Ambassadors
to
reprove
him
for
his
Disloyalty
,
and
to
command
him
forthwith
to
set
at
Liberty
his
Nephews
Mahometes
,
and
his
Brother
whom
he
had
taken
Prisoners
,
for
refusing
to
aid
him
against
their
Grand-Father
Bajazet
;
but
instead
of
performing
what
his
Father
Commanded
,
he
caused
the
chief
Ambassador
to
be
Slain
in
his
presence
,
and
strictly
enjoyned
the
other
on
Pain
of
their
Lives
,
to
depart
his
Camp
'ere
Sun
set
,
of
which
strange
and
Heinous
Fact
,
when
Bajazet
had
knowledge
,
he
was
greatly
inraged
,
and
caused
him
to
be
proclaimed
a
Traytor
against
his
Person
,
and
Empire
,
commanding
that
the
European
Horse-men
should
immediately
march
against
him
.
But
the
Bassas
that
favoured
Selymus
,
thinking
it
now
a
fit
time
to
procure
his
being
called
home
,
and
entring
again
into
Favour
,
insinuated
into
the
old
Emperor
,
that
if
he
designed
to
destroy
both
his
Rebellious
Sons
,
he
could
do
it
by
no
better
means
,
then
by
calling
home
Selymus
,
and
making
him
General
of
the
Army
designed
,
to
march
against
Achometes
,
and
that
by
such
means
one
of
them
was
sure
to
Perish
,
and
then
getting
the
other
into
his
power
,
he
might
destroy
him
at
his
pleasure
;
to
this
motion
of
the
Bassas
Bajazet
hearkened
,
adn
commanded
that
Selymus
should
be
fetched
to
Court
,
whither
now
Corcutus
was
come
to
claim
his
Fathers
promise
,
as
having
heard
that
contrary
thereto
,
he
meant
to
give
the
Empire
from
him
;
to
whom
Bajazet
again
made
many
promises
only
willing
him
to
be
content
,
whilst
this
new
Rebellion
was
suppressed
,
when
in
the
mean
while
Selymus
arrived
,
and
prostrating
himself
at
his
Fathers
Feet
,
was
received
into
favour
,
and
preferred
to
the
leading
of
the
Army
;
who
no
sooner
he
d●d
it
,
but
as
it
was
before
contrived
by
the
Bassas
,
he
by
the
General
Voice
was
saluted
Emperor
,
and
Mustapha
Bassa
sent
to
Bajazet
peremptorily
to
demand
him
to
surrender
the
Empire
,
to
his
Son
Selymus
,
whom
as
he
said
the
Soldiers
had
saluted
Emperor
,
and
that
if
he
refused
so
to
do
,
they
were
resolved
to
spoil
the
Pallace
,
if
not
commit
an
out-rage
upon
his
Person
,
upon
which
Bajazet
finding
himself
betrayed
by
those
he
most
relyed
on
,
after
having
expressed
Indignation
and
Grief
,
finding
that
would
,
or
would
he
not
all
was
one
,
with
many
curses
and
Execrations
upon
his
unnatural
Son
,
and
the
rest
of
the
Traytors
he
delivered
the
Insigns
of
Majesty
,
of
which
unexpected
news
Corcutus
having
notice
fled
for
his
Life
to
Magnesia
.
Selymus
having
by
the
means
aforesaid
Grasped
the
Empire
,
could
not
suppose
himself
safe
whilst
his
Father
lived
,
and
therefore
with
great
rewards
tempted
Hamon
a
Jew
,
and
Bajazet's
chief
Physitian
to
make
him
away
by
Poyson
,
who
in
order
to
his
Hellish
purpose
went
to
Hadrianople
,
whither
Bajazet
was
retired
,
and
there
through
Melancholy
and
infirmities
incident
to
Age
,
he
found
him
indisposed
;
he
offered
him
Physick
,
the
which
the
old
man
not
doubting
to
be
of
fatal
Consequence
,
when
delivered
by
the
Hand
of
his
old
approved
Physitian
,
at
the
time
appointed
took
,
which
he
had
not
long
done
'ere
he
felt
a
grievous
pain
in
his
Stomack
,
and
plain
Symptoms
of
his
being
Poysoned
appeared
,
so
that
amidst
Groans
and
Torturing
Pangs
,
within
24
Hours
he
gave
up
the
Ghost
,
Anno
1512
,
and
his
Reign
the
thirtieth
.
Bajazet
thus
Poysoned
,
the
Jew
hasted
to
Constantinople
to
receive
his
reward
,
which
he
had
accordingly
,
for
not
long
after
his
Arrival
his
Head
was
stricken
off
by
the
Commandment
of
Selymus
,
who
afterward
Buryed
his
Father
in
a
most
stately
Tomb
,
near
to
the
Great
Mahometan
Temple
,
that
himself
had
built
,
and
by
Reason
two
of
his
Pages
mourned
for
him
,
he
caused
them
to
be
put
to
Death
,
but
Heavens
Vengeance
was
not
long
delayed
,
as
will
appear
in
the
next
Chapter
,
in
his
woful
and
unusual
Death
.
CHAP.
XIV
.
The
Life
of
Selymus
the
first
of
that
Name
,
the
third
Emperor
of
the
Turks
,
his
Bloody
Reign
and
woful
Death
.
SElymus
Aspiring
to
the
Empire
by
Blood
and
Treason
,
could
not
think
himself
safe
whilst
any
of
the
Othoman
Royal
Blood
remained
in
the
Veins
of
his
Relations
;
therefore
gathering
all
his
forces
,
he
marched
into
Asia
to
oppress
Achometes
,
but
missing
of
him
at
that
time
,
he
thirsty
of
Blood
caused
5
of
his
Nephews
,
all
Princes
of
great
hope
to
be
straugled
in
his
presence
,
causing
their
dead
Bodies
to
be
Buryed
in
Prusa
,
and
afterward
sought
to
surprise
Amurath
and
Aladin
Mahometes
2
Sons
,
but
they
having
notice
of
his
wicked
intent
,
one
of
them
fled
into
Persia
,
and
the
other
into
Egypt
,
and
Vsegi
Bassa
who
was
sent
to
apprehend
them
at
Amasa
upon
notice
beforehand
,
sent
by
Mustapha
Bassa
who
now
was
alienated
from
Selymus
,
was
intrapped
by
an
Ambush
lay'd
by
Mahometes
himself
,
taken
Prisoner
,
and
most
of
his
men
Slain
,
but
it
coming
to
Selymus
his
Ear
,
that
Mustapha
held
Correspondence
with
Achometes
,
notwithstanding
he
had
helped
him
to
the
Empire
he
caused
him
to
be
Slain
,
so
little
Assurance
has
any
man
in
the
favour
of
a
Tyrant
,
who
has
the
power
of
Life
and
Death
in
his
Hand
;
in
revenge
of
which
Achometes
put
Vsegi
Bassa
(
whom
he
held
Prisoner
)
to
Death
.
Selymus
still
thirsty
of
Blood
,
with
all
speed
marched
to
Magnesia
,
in
hopes
to
have
surprized
his
Brother
Corcutus
in
his
Castle
,
but
he
having
timely
notice
was
fled
before
his
coming
,
yet
he
took
the
Spoil
of
all
his
Treasure
,
and
so
leaving
a
Captain
with
a
1000
Horse
to
secure
the
City
,
and
commanding
Bostanges
his
Son
In-Law
,
with
a
Fleet
to
watch
the
Sea-Coast
that
he
should
not
escape
,
he
went
to
Prusia
supposing
to
have
found
him
there
,
but
on
the
contary
he
poor
Prince
was
fain
to
hide
himself
in
a
Cave
by
the
Sea-side
,
and
there
for
many
Days
feeding
upon
Crabs
in
hopes
the
Ships
would
have
departed
,
that
he
might
have
wafted
over
,
at
length
weary
of
his
unwonted
diet
he
sent
his
Servant
to
a
Shepherds
Cottage
to
purchase
natural
Food
,
who
suspecting
by
some
words
that
passed
,
that
it
was
the
Prince
,
like
a
perfidious
Swain
,
he
gave
notice
thereof
to
Coshmos
one
of
Selymus's
his
Captains
who
was
come
insearch
of
him
,
upon
which
he
was
apprehended
,
and
carryed
towards
Prusa
;
of
which
the
Tyrant
having
notice
greatly
rejoyced
,
and
immediately
sent
one
Kirengi
Og'ly
a
Squint-Ey'd
Captain
to
strangle
him
by
the
way
,
who
accordingly
performed
his
wicked
Masters
pleasure
;
and
now
none
remaining
alive
to
obstruct
the
progress
of
his
greatness
,
but
Achometes
and
his
two
Sons
,
he
resolved
to
go
against
them
,
but
in
the
beginning
of
his
Expedition
,
he
intercepted
some
Letters
signed
by
several
Commanders
of
his
Camp
,
and
directed
to
Achometes
,
desiring
him
to
advance
towards
Selymus
with
all
speed
,
and
that
he
might
be
assured
upon
his
approach
,
a
great
part
of
the
Army
would
revolt
,
or
at
least
in
the
Battle
they
would
kill
Selymus
.
Upon
this
discovery
those
that
were
found
to
be
concerned
therein
were
Executed
,
and
the
Letters
notwithstanding
sent
,
upon
which
Achometes
presuming
made
such
hast
,
that
he
left
his
Footmen
behind
,
at
what
time
10000
Janizaries
were
come
to
Selymus
out
of
Europe
,
so
that
Battle
joyning
after
a
most
Bloody
conflict
Achometes
was
overthrown
,
and
seeking
to
save
himself
by
flight
,
his
Horse
fell
with
him
into
a
deep
Ditch
,
where
he
was
taken
by
the
pursuers
,
at
whose
hands
he
could
not
procure
himself
to
be
Slain
,
tho
he
earnestly
desired
it
,
but
was
lead
Captive
to
his
cruel
Brother
,
who
Commanded
the
Squint-Ey'd
Captain
that
had
dispatched
Corcutus
to
strangle
him
with
a
Bow-String
,
and
now
desiring
nothing
more
then
to
get
in
his
possession
the
two
Sons
of
Achometes
,
who
to
his
great
Grief
heard
they
were
honourably
received
,
the
one
in
the
Persian
,
and
the
other
in
the
Egyptian
Courts
,
and
that
Amurath
the
Elder
aided
by
Hysmael
the
Great
Sophy
with
ten
thousand
Persian-Horse
,
was
entered
into
Cappadocia
,
wasting
the
Country
before
him
,
for
fear
of
whom
most
of
the
adjacent
Provinces
had
submitted
to
do
him
homage
,
he
resolved
after
he
had
driven
him
back
,
in
revenge
of
the
aid
the
Sophy
had
lent
him
to
War
upon
his
Countries
in
Persia
,
wherefore
preparing
a
great
Army
,
tho
many
of
his
great
Commanders
lay'd
before
him
the
difficulty
and
danger
of
the
undertaking
,
and
amongst
the
rest
Chendemus
Vice-Roy
of
Natolia
a
man
of
great
Experience
,
and
of
all
others
in
greatest
Credit
and
Authority
with
Selymus
,
who
used
many
Arguments
to
disswade
him
therefrom
,
which
he
afterward
found
to
be
undeniable
truths
,
but
some
of
his
Flatterers
perswading
him
that
Chendemus
was
bribed
by
Amurath
,
to
divert
his
Arms
another
way
,
and
bring
certain
Ruffains
hired
for
that
purpose
to
attest
what
they
had
said
,
the
Tyrant
caused
the
faithful
Bassa
to
be
slain
,
without
hearing
his
Excuse
,
and
then
Marching
from
Arsenga
,
he
came
to
the
Confines
of
Armenia
the
Less
,
before
whose
Powerful
Army
the
young
Prince
fled
,
but
Selymus
fearing
lest
the
Mountain
Kings
not
being
made
his
friends
,
and
yet
left
behind
him
,
should
fall
upon
his
Rear
,
sent
Ambassadors
to
them
,
to
desire
free
passage
through
their
Territories
,
and
to
send
him
provision
for
his
Money
,
at
such
time
as
he
should
be
entered
into
Armenia
the
greater
,
to
all
which
they
accorded
,
whereupon
with
all
his
Army
,
he
passed
the
Mountain
Scodrisci
,
and
after
8
days
Marching
over
an
other
great
Mountain
,
called
Moschi●
,
which
the
famous
River
Euphrates
with
his
mighty
streams
,
and
huge
broden
Banks
,
separateth
from
the
great
Mountain
Anti-Taurus
,
and
with
perpetual
steep
ridges
,
runneth
into
Iberia
,
and
Cholchis
.
Here
Selymus
with
his
Ensigns
displayed
,
Marching
along
the
Banks
of
the
River
,
departed
not
from
the
same
,
for
fear
in
that
hot
Country
he
should
be
distressed
for
want
of
Water
,
and
so
held
on
his
way
directly
Eastward
,
leaving
the
Country
of
Armenia
the
less
,
upon
the
Left
,
and
the
Kingdom
of
Aladeules
on
the
right
,
and
so
along
to
the
Banks
of
Araxes
,
finding
all
the
Country
before
him
destroyed
,
and
by
reason
the
Mountain
Kings
kept
not
their
words
,
in
sending
him
provision
,
his
Army
began
to
fall
into
great
want
,
which
though
too
late
made
him
call
to
mind
the
faithful
Council
of
Chendemus
,
yet
having
Marched
thus
far
,
he
could
not
without
great
dishonour
turn
back
,
and
therefore
passing
Arazes
about
the
City
of
Coy
,
to
defend
which
City
Vsta
Ogli
the
Persian
General
approached
with
his
whole
power
,
contrary
to
the
expectation
of
Selymus
,
whose
Souldiers
being
oppressed
by
want
,
and
for
the
most
part
were
forced
to
live
upon
wild
fruit
began
to
Mutinie
,
so
that
whilst
either
Army
lay
Hovering
at
some
distance
,
Hismael
came
in
Person
into
his
Camp
,
and
from
thence
sent
a
harauld
to
Selymus
,
to
know
why
he
had
in
hostile
manner
entered
his
Country
,
having
no
title
thereto
,
as
likewise
to
take
a
view
of
the
Turkish
Army
,
to
which
demand
Selymus
replyed
that
his
Grandfather
,
his
Uncle
,
and
himself
had
greatly
Indamaged
the
Othoman
Empire
,
by
making
several
Invasions
,
and
Aiding
the
Rebels
in
the
Reigns
of
Mahomet
,
Bajazet
,
and
of
late
in
his
Reign
,
yet
he
esteemed
them
not
as
sufficient
causes
of
War
,
but
sought
after
his
enemy
,
young
Amurath
his
Brothers
Son
,
who
had
of
late
spoiled
Cappadocia
,
whom
if
he
would
quietly
and
friendly
deliver
unto
him
,
he
would
withdraw
his
forces
,
and
peaceably
return
into
his
own
Kingdom
,
otherwise
with
fire
and
Sword
,
he
would
destroy
,
not
only
the
frontiers
of
Armenia
,
but
the
heart
of
Persia
also
,
and
so
dismissing
the
Herauld
,
both
the
Armies
for
that
day
lay
still
in
their
trenches
,
expecting
the
dreadful
event
of
Battle
,
and
after
both
Armies
were
Marshalled
and
put
in
order
,
the
Bloody
Blast
was
sounded
,
whereupon
the
Persian
Horsemen
came
on
with
great
fury
,
making
great
Havock
of
the
Vaunt-guard
of
Selymus
his
Army
,
overthrowing
the
Alapi
or
common
Souldiers
by
heaps
,
which
are
such
as
the
Turks
for
the
most
part
carry
to
stand
the
first
Shock
of
the
Enemies
fury
,
and
to
blunt
their
Swords
,
nor
did
the
Turkish
Horse
stand
firm
,
but
charged
in
either
Wing
gave
ground
,
which
Selymus
seeing
caused
his
orders
to
open
,
and
began
with
his
great
Ordnances
to
play
furiously
,
to
avoid
whose
Murthering
shot
,
the
Persian
Horsemen
,
opened
likewise
to
the
right
and
the
left
,
yet
the
thundering
of
the
Cannon
so
amazed
the
Horses
that
many
of
them
cast
their
Riders
,
yet
Hysmale
with
great
fury
broke
and
disordered
the
Turks
right
Wing
,
composed
of
Asian
Horsemen
,
but
whilst
Vsta
Ogli
was
indeavouring
to
do
the
same
to
the
left
,
he
was
slain
with
a
harquibus
shot
,
which
much
dismayed
the
Soldiers
under
his
command
,
yet
could
they
not
be
forced
to
retire
,
till
Selymus
came
on
with
all
his
Power
of
Janizaries
,
yet
gaining
little
ground
,
whereupon
he
commanded
all
his
great
Ordnance
which
he
had
reserved
as
his
last
refuge
,
to
be
furiously
discharged
against
the
right
Wing
of
the
Persian
Horse
,
where
Hysmael
fought
;
by
the
violence
of
which
such
a
slaughter
was
made
,
as
well
of
his
own
men
as
of
the
Enemies
,
mingled
together
,
that
what
for
the
dust
,
smoak
,
and
thundering
of
the
Artillery
,
having
on
both
sides
lost
their
sight
and
hearing
,
the
Persian
horse
were
so
terrified
that
they
were
not
to
be
ruled
,
wherefore
the
battle
soon
became
broken
and
disordered
,
so
that
both
Armies
retired
upon
the
Approach
of
night
,
leaving
the
Victory
doubtful
:
The
Turks
to
express
the
terror
of
this
day
,
number
it
amongst
their
dismal
ones
,
calling
it
the
only
day
of
Doom
.
Hysmael
in
this
furious
battle
having
received
a
wound
under
the
left
Shoulder
,
with
a
small
shot
,
by
the
perswasion
of
his
friends
withdrew
himself
,
to
have
his
wound
search'd
,
which
past
doubt
was
the
safeguard
of
Selymus
and
his
Army
;
for
the
Persians
following
their
King
,
left
the
Victory
almost
gotten
,
but
the
Persian
finding
his
wound
not
mortal
,
was
about
to
return
,
but
hearing
of
the
Death
of
Vsta
Ogli
his
General
,
a
man
of
Great
experience
,
and
that
by
reason
of
the
Thundering
of
the
great
Ordnance
,
his
Horsemen
could
not
rule
their
Horses
,
he
caused
the
retreat
to
be
sounded
,
and
so
retired
in
good
order
,
the
Turks
so
much
dispairing
of
Victory
,
that
they
durst
not
follow
him
;
and
so
he
passing
by
the
City
of
Tauris
,
admonished
the
Inhabitants
to
open
their
gates
to
Selymus
,
thereby
to
avoid
being
sacked
,
and
so
Marched
into
the
Confines
of
Media
.
The
Persians
out
of
sight
,
the
Turks
then
and
not
till
then
durst
seize
upon
their
Camp
,
where
they
found
divers
rich
Pavilions
,
wrought
with
Needle-Work
,
and
Gold
,
as
also
many
beauteous
Ladies
,
who
had
accompanied
their
Husbands
to
the
Wars
,
all
which
he
presently
caused
to
be
set
at
liberty
,
unless
one
of
Hismaels
Wives
,
whom
he
gave
in
Marriage
to
one
of
his
Bassas
.
In
this
Battle
fought
in
the
Galderan
Fields
near
the
City
of
Coy
,
Anno
1514.
Selymus
lost
30000
of
his
men
,
and
amongst
them
many
Bassas
and
great
Commanders
,
even
all
the
flower
of
his
Army
,
which
consisted
of
300000
Horse
and
Foot
,
of
the
Persians
there
fell
not
above
8000
Hysmaels
Army
not
consisting
of
above
30000
,
so
that
the
Turks
were
8
to
1
;
And
amongst
the
slain
,
were
found
the
Bodies
of
several
Persian
Women
,
who
Armed
had
accompanied
their
Husbands
,
to
participate
of
their
good
or
evil
fortune
,
at
which
Selymus
admiring
,
caused
them
to
be
Honourably
interred
,
and
then
received
the
Embassadors
of
the
several
adjacent
Cities
,
who
upon
condition
their
Goods
,
Lives
and
Liberties
,
might
be
preserved
,
delivered
up
the
Keys
of
their
respective
Cities
,
so
that
having
taken
possession
thereof
,
he
called
a
Council
of
his
Bassas
and
great
Captains
,
to
consult
what
was
best
to
be
done
,
himself
being
desirous
to
Winter
in
Tauris
,
for
opposing
which
Mustapha
his
chief
Bassa
,
was
by
him
disgraced
and
thrust
from
all
his
honours
,
of
which
the
Janizaries
having
notice
,
began
to
Mutiny
telling
him
to
his
face
,
they
would
not
stay
in
that
desolate
Country
,
where
they
had
suffered
such
hardship
,
daily
to
be
exposed
to
the
fury
of
the
Enemy
,
who
was
raising
great
forces
to
come
down
against
them
,
and
that
if
he
would
not
in
time
depart
,
they
were
resolved
to
forsake
him
,
whereupon
he
as
needs
must
,
changed
his
former
determination
,
resolving
to
return
into
Cappadocia
,
whereupon
contrary
to
his
Promise
,
exacting
a
great
Mass
of
Money
from
them
of
Taurus
,
and
carrying
with
him
3000
families
,
the
best
Artificers
in
that
City
,
especially
those
that
were
Skilfull
in
making
Armour
,
he
raised
his
Camp
,
and
Marched
towards
Euphrates
,
a
longer
way
then
that
by
which
he
came
,
fearing
to
return
again
by
the
head
of
Araxis
,
and
the
Mountains
of
Periardes
,
lest
he
should
meet
the
Iberian
and
Albanian
Horsemen
,
who
as
he
was
informed
were
following
hard
after
him
,
who
indeed
came
within
sight
of
him
,
as
he
was
passing
the
Euphrates
,
which
raised
such
consternation
in
his
Camp
,
that
in
hastily
passing
the
River
,
2000
Turks
were
drowned
,
and
a
great
many
of
his
Ordnance
,
together
with
much
Baggage
left
as
a
Prey
to
the
Persians
,
nor
had
he
better
Success
in
passing
the
Huge
Mountain
Anti-Taurus
,
for
the
Mountain
Kings
despising
him
,
by
reason
of
his
bad
proceedings
with
their
savage
People
,
lay'd
all
the
ways
,
and
by
frequently
falling
upon
the
Rear
of
his
Army
,
killed
many
of
his
People
and
took
great
spoil
,
though
the
Kings
upon
his
sending
to
complain
thereof
,
excused
the
matter
,
promising
to
punish
the
offenders
so
soon
as
they
should
be
known
;
At
length
passing
the
many
dangers
he
came
to
Amasa
,
where
he
wintered
with
his
broken
and
crazed
Army
,
resolving
to
return
the
next
spring
with
a
far
greater
Power
;
the
cause
why
Hismael
being
Lord
of
such
great
Countries
,
came
with
so
small
a
Power
,
was
for
that
he
to
win
the
Hearts
of
his
People
the
better
to
be
established
in
his
new
acquired
Kingdom
,
had
remitted
most
of
the
Taxes
and
Customs
,
formerly
pay'd
to
his
Prodecessors
,
all
his
forces
consisting
in
the
Souldiers
of
the
Court
,
those
that
were
by
right
bound
to
serve
him
,
and
such
as
were
sent
to
him
by
the
petty
Princes
his
Neighbours
,
when
as
on
the
other
side
Selymus
had
always
by
him
an
Inestimable
Mass
of
Money
,
kept
in
seven
Towers
in
Constantinople
;
his
yearly
tributes
and
revenues
exceeding
his
expences
by
a
fourth
part
.
Selymus
not
thinking
himself
sufficiently
revenged
of
the
Persians
,
having
reised
his
Camp
at
Amasa
,
Early
in
the
Spring
,
passing
the
Euphrates
with
his
whole
Army
,
consisting
of
300000
Horse
and
Foot
,
came
before
Clamassum
a
City
of
the
Persians
,
situate
on
the
further
Banks
,
which
he
so
suddenly
invested
,
and
so
furiously
assaulted
,
that
the
Gates
being
broken
up
,
and
the
Walls
in
many
places
won
,
the
defendants
retired
into
the
Market-place
,
and
there
fought
against
the
whole
Power
of
Selymus
to
the
last
man
;
after
the
taking
of
this
City
,
he
took
two
Castles
not
far
distant
from
it
,
and
being
pricked
forward
with
the
desire
of
Glory
,
purposed
to
have
subdued
the
Kingdom
of
Persia
,
which
he
might
the
easier
have
done
,
by
reason
Hysmael
was
Waring
against
the
Bactrians
and
Hyrcanians
,
a
savage
People
dwelling
near
the
Caspian
Sea
,
who
had
Rebelled
against
him
,
but
considering
what
damage
he
had
received
from
Aladeules
the
Mountain
King
,
and
others
inhabiting
the
Desolate
Countries
,
at
the
entrance
into
Armenia
,
he
purposed
e're
he
further
proceeded
,
to
subdue
him
,
wherefore
he
Marched
thitherward
with
all
his
People
,
of
which
the
poor
Prince
having
notice
,
gathered
all
his
strength
,
and
drawing
his
Horsemen
,
who
were
but
15000
into
a
pleasant
Valley
,
commanded
his
Footmen
to
keep
the
Mountains
,
and
from
thence
with
shot
of
Arrows
annoy
the
Turks
in
passing
the
straights
,
upon
which
Selymus
considering
the
disadvantage
of
the
place
,
commanded
Sinan
Bassa
General
of
the
European
Horsemen
,
to
charge
him
with
a
square
Battle
afront
,
whilst
himself
with
the
Janizaries
and
Asian
Horsemen
,
followed
him
in
the
Rear
,
the
Ground
by
reason
of
its
Scantiness
,
not
admitting
the
use
of
Wings
,
upon
which
a
fierce
fight
was
begun
,
and
Atadeules
fighting
Courragiously
at
the
head
of
his
men
,
forced
the
Turkish
Horsemen
to
give
ground
,
which
Selymus
perceiving
and
that
his
Army
was
sorely
Annoy'd
by
the
Archers
from
the
Mountains
,
drawing
out
2000
Harquibusiers
out
of
his
own
Squadorn
,
he
sent
them
to
reinforce
his
Horse
,
and
at
the
same
time
commanded
the
Janizaries
to
Mount
the
Hills
,
which
they
doing
charged
the
Foot
with
such
Fury
,
that
they
being
sore
distressed
with
the
Harquibus
shot
,
not
being
used
to
such
engins
scattered
and
fled
,
so
that
a
great
number
of
them
were
killed
,
e're
they
could
clamber
up
the
steep
Mountains
,
and
the
Horse
at
that
time
being
discomfited
,
fled
by
well
known
ways
,
into
the
fastnesses
of
the
steep
Rocks
,
after
whom
Selymus
followed
burning
all
before
him
,
but
finding
he
could
not
overtake
the
King
,
who
retiring
before
him
,
had
fortified
himself
amongst
the
Impregnible
Rocks
,
and
there
stored
up
much
provision
,
in
hopes
to
weary
the
Turks
with
tedious
delay
.
Selymus
having
perfect
notice
of
all
that
had
passed
,
by
several
Prisoners
that
he
had
taken
,
thought
it
more
fit
to
prevent
his
falling
into
necessity
in
so
barren
a
Country
,
to
use
Stratagems
,
where
force
could
not
prevail
,
whereupon
understanding
that
there
was
no
good
meaning
between
Aladeules
,
and
Alis
Beg
his
General
,
(
by
reason
that
the
King
had
formerly
commanded
his
Father
to
be
slain
,
upon
suspicion
he
designed
to
seize
his
Kingdom
)
he
releasing
the
Prisoners
,
sent
them
to
Alis
Beg
with
great
rewards
,
to
incite
him
to
deliver
Aladeules
into
his
hands
,
and
that
in
Lieu
thereof
he
of
his
bounty
would
give
him
the
Kingdom
,
which
so
wrought
with
the
treacherous
General
,
that
not
finding
means
to
kill
the
King
,
as
he
had
purposed
,
he
caused
all
his
Army
to
revolt
to
Sinan
Bassa
,
whom
Selymus
had
sent
to
pursue
him
;
so
that
being
left
alone
,
flying
through
many
desolate
places
,
at
length
hid
himself
in
a
Cave
,
where
being
discovered
by
a
Country
Peasant
,
he
betrayed
him
into
the
Hands
of
those
that
sought
after
him
,
who
presenting
him
to
Selymus
,
he
caused
his
Head
to
be
stricken
off
,
and
carried
all
over
Asia
the
less
in
manner
of
Triumph
,
and
afterward
sent
it
to
the
Senate
of
Venice
,
in
token
of
his
Victory
.
Selymus
having
subdued
the
Kingdom
of
Aladeules
as
aforesaid
,
and
reduced
it
into
the
form
of
a
Province
,
making
the
Traitor
chief
Governour
thereof
,
returned
to
Constantinople
,
having
,
at
the
same
time
he
was
Waring
against
Aladeules
by
his
Bassas
invaded
Hungaria
;
and
now
having
notice
from
his
Correspondents
in
Christendom
,
that
Maximillian
the
Emperor
,
Vladislaus
King
of
Hungaria
,
Sigismond
King
of
Poland
together
with
the
Princes
of
Germany
,
were
entering
into
a
League
against
him
,
it
caused
him
to
make
great
Preparations
for
the
defence
of
his
Territories
,
but
in
the
end
those
Princes
seperated
without
doing
any
thing
worthy
of
their
meeting
.
So
that
being
freed
from
that
Fear
,
he
left
a
strong
Guard
upon
the
Fronteers
of
his
Empire
,
bordering
upon
Hungaria
,
and
departed
to
Iconium
in
Order
,
to
prosecute
his
War
against
the
Persian
;
but
during
his
stay
at
that
City
,
he
had
certain
notice
that
Campson
Gaurus
Sultan
of
Egypt
,
with
a
great
Army
levied
in
Egypt
and
Judea
,
was
coming
to
Aid
the
Persian
King
,
his
Confederate
as
hating
Selymus
for
his
Cruelty
towards
his
Father
,
Brethren
and
Nephews
,
as
likewise
being
jealous
of
his
aspiring
Greatness
,
this
News
was
Confirmed
on
all
Hands
:
Selymus
greatly
feared
that
if
he
should
pass
over
the
River
Euphrates
,
the
Sultan
might
enter
Asia
and
spoil
his
Dominions
,
wherefore
he
thought
it
safe
if
possible
,
to
make
him
his
Friend
,
in
order
to
which
he
sent
the
Cadelescher
,
or
great
Doctor
of
the
Mahomitan
Law
;
A
man
much
reverenced
amongst
the
Turks
,
and
Jachis
one
of
his
great
Captains
,
as
his
Ambassadors
to
desire
the
renewing
the
League
,
sometime
made
between
the
Sultan
and
his
Father
Bajazet
;
but
the
Sultan
moved
by
the
pittious
Complaints
of
the
Princes
,
Aladine
Son
to
Mahomet
,
and
the
Son
of
Aladeules
,
who
as
exiled
Princes
remained
in
his
Court
,
and
incouraged
by
his
great
Captains
to
restore
them
to
their
rightful
Possessions
,
would
have
no
Peace
unless
Selymus
would
leave
off
to
invade
the
Persian
,
and
restore
the
Mountainous
Kingdom
to
the
young
Aladeules
;
which
upon
the
Report
thereof
so
inraged
Sebymus
,
that
he
resolved
to
lay
aside
his
intended
War
against
Hysmale
,
and
turn
all
his
Forces
upon
the
Sultan
,
and
therefore
with
words
of
incouragement
,
having
animated
his
Soldiers
,
he
passed
with
his
Army
over
the
Mountains
in
three
places
,
and
so
appointing
a
great
Company
of
the
Common
Soldiers
and
Country
people
,
for
the
opening
of
the
straight
Passages
;
he
Commanded
the
rough
and
uneven
ways
to
be
made
smooth
and
plain
,
so
that
in
five
Days
all
his
Ordnance
and
Carriages
were
come
into
the
Plains
of
Comagena
,
where
he
received
News
of
Campson's
Army
,
from
Alis
Beg
Governour
of
the
Mountain
Kingom
,
which
caused
him
to
march
towards
him
with
all
speed
.
By
this
time
Campson
having
notice
of
the
approach
(
whom
he
could
not
at
first
believe
to
have
passed
the
huge
Mountain
of
Amanus
)
stood
long
in
doubt
what
was
best
to
be
done
,
whether
to
give
the
Tyrant
Battle
,
or
to
retire
to
Damasco
and
protract
the
War
,
whilst
fresh
Forces
could
come
to
his
Assistance
:
In
the
latter
Opinion
Gazelles
his
great
Counsellor
,
and
Governour
of
Apamia
Concurred
with
him
,
labouring
earnestly
to
confirm
him
in
that
Opinion
,
but
Destiny
so
ordering
it
,
he
refused
the
good
and
wholsome
Perswasions
of
Gazelles
,
and
imbraced
that
of
Cayerbeius
,
which
was
presently
to
give
the
Turks
Battle
;
which
Council
he
gave
though
he
knew
it
to
be
Destructive
,
that
by
such
means
he
might
be
revenged
on
the
Sultan
;
who
some
years
before
had
caused
his
Brother
to
be
poisoned
,
for
designing
to
deprive
him
of
his
Empire
.
Battle
being
resolved
on
,
and
the
Turks
Army
coming
on
Campson
divided
his
Army
into
four
Battles
;
the
first
whereof
he
committed
to
Cayerbeius
the
Traitor
,
the
second
to
Sybeius
the
Governour
of
Damasco
,
a
man
of
singular
Faith
and
Valour
;
these
two
were
appointed
at
once
to
Charge
both
Wings
of
the
Turkish
Army
,
the
third
was
lead
by
Gazelles
,
and
the
last
by
Campson
himself
,
who
stayed
with
it
for
the
defence
of
the
Camp
:
Nor
was
Selymus
Idle
,
for
he
had
placed
the
Asian
Horsemen
in
the
right
Wing
,
and
the
European
in
the
left
,
and
in
the
middle
the
Janizaries
,
and
Artillery
before
,
whom
between
the
two
Wings
,
he
had
placed
his
Pentioners
all
most
expert
,
and
valiant
Soldiers
,
and
in
this
Order
the
Turks
always
fight
,
if
the
Ground
will
admit
so
to
Marshall
the
Army
.
Both
Armies
being
thus
set
in
Order
,
the
Charge
was
sounded
;
whereupon
Cayerbeius
with
his
Squadron
Charged
the
European
Horsemen
with
great
Fury
,
but
resolving
to
betray
his
trust
by
and
by
,
Wheeling
off
fell
upon
the
Sullians
and
such
other
Slaves
as
kept
the
Baggage
,
making
some
small
slaughter
,
that
as
a
Valiant
and
cunning
Traitor
,
he
might
at
the
self
same
time
satisfie
the
Expectation
of
his
Valour
,
and
of
his
Treason
;
but
Sybeius
the
Governour
of
Damasco
dealt
otherwise
,
for
entering
over-thwart
the
Ranks
in
the
right
Wing
of
the
Turks
Army
;
he
with
his
Mamalukes
Charged
with
such
fury
,
that
having
made
great
slaughter
of
the
Asian
Horsemen
,
they
broak
in
amongst
them
like
a
devouring
Tempest
,
bearing
down
all
before
them
,
till
they
came
to
the
Insigns
in
the
midst
of
the
Wing
:
Neither
could
Mustapha
the
Beglerbeg
,
nor
Imbrahor
Bassa
with
all
their
Forces
withstand
him
;
or
restrain
the
Flight
of
their
Soldiers
,
so
that
cutting
in
pieces
the
right
Wing
,
he
resolutely
thrust
in
between
the
Battle
of
the
Janizaries
and
the
Pentioners
,
and
there
made
such
lamentable
Slaughter
that
the
whole
Army
was
in
great
fear
for
Selymus
,
by
the
breaking
in
of
Sybeius
,
was
divided
from
his
Footmen
,
in
whom
he
reposed
his
greatest
trust
,
and
now
the
Janizaries
hardly
charged
by
Gazelles●
;
who
following
the
Fortune
of
Sybeius
,
had
set
upon
the
Front
of
the
Enemies
Battle
,
the
Asian
Horsemen
also
put
to
the
worst
,
found
no
means
how
again
to
restore
the
disordered
Battle
.
In
this
Confusion
Sinan
Bassa
came
in
with
the
Squadron
of
Horse
,
under
his
Command
,
who
had
been
but
lightly
Skirmished
with
by
Cayerbeius
,
he
stayed
the
Fury
of
the
Mamalukes
;
whereby
the
Turks
taking
fresh
Courage
,
soon
after
wrung
the
Victory
out
of
their
Hands
;
for
the
great
Artillery
being
by
the
Commandment
of
Selymus
discharged
amongst
them
,
by
the
terrible
Thundering
thereof
,
their
Horses
were
so
troubled
that
they
could
not
well
guide
them
,
neither
could
their
Riders
themselves
though
they
were
men
of
undaunted
Courage
prevaile
,
being
on
every
side
oppressed
with
the
multitude
of
their
Enemies
;
yet
in
that
disaster
nothing
dismayed
,
setting
themselves
close
together
,
they
brake
through
the
midst
of
their
Enemies
,
with
great
slaughter
of
the
European
Horsemen
and
Pentioners
,
and
so
with
speed
fled
towards
the
Camp
and
City
of
Aleppo
;
after
whom
followed
Sinan
Bassa
with
the
swiftest
Horse
,
so
that
the
News
of
the
overthrow
being
known
to
Compson
the
Sultan
,
he
indeavoured
what
he
could
to
stay
the
flight
of
his
Men
,
but
the
press
being
great
,
and
the
Turks
pursuing
hard
after
them
making
great
slaughter
,
every
one
shifting
for
himself
in
that
general
Calamity
without
Respect
to
the
Sultan
,
he
was
overborn
in
the
Press
,
and
there
by
reason
of
the
weight
of
his
Armour
and
great
Age
,
not
able
to
relieve
himself
was
troden
to
Death
;
who
after
wards
being
found
amongst
the
slain
,
was
laid
to
the
view
of
all
People
,
that
they
might
not
flatter
themselves
with
his
being
alive
,
and
so
on
his
behalf
fight
more
obstinately
for
the
future
.
This
great
Battle
cost
Selymus
30000
men
,
and
the
Egyptians
few
less
,
amongst
which
there
fell
1000
Mamalukes
,
and
was
fought
on
the
seventeenth
of
August
,
Anno
1516.
After
which
Selymus
received
the
City
of
Aleppo
into
his
obedience
,
the
Mamalukes
being
departed
thence
to
Damasco
;
after
whom
he
likewise
sent
Jonuses
Bassa
and
followed
himself
with
all
the
Army
,
but
before
his
Arrival
they
were
departed
to
Cair
,
and
in
a
full
Assembly
chose
Tomombeius
(
a
Circassian
born
)
Sultan
in
the
stead
of
Campson
Gaurus
,
who
took
speedy
Care
for
providing
all
things
necessary
to
defend
his
Countries
from
the
Power
of
the
Turks
,
mustering
great
Companies
of
such
,
of
his
Slaves
,
as
he
thought
fit
for
the
War
,
as
likewise
several
Moors
and
Arabians
.
His
Neighbours
hiering
certian
Persons
for
great
Rewards
,
to
Travel
through
the
Arrabian
Deserts
into
Mesopotamia
,
and
so
to
Hysmale
the
Persian
King
with
the
Letters
,
earnestly
requesting
him
to
invade
the
Turks
Dominions
in
Asia
the
less
,
or
with
all
speed
to
break
into
Comagena
,
and
so
to
inclose
Selymus
with
both
Armies
as
he
lay
in
the
Borders
of
Judea
,
and
by
that
means
greatly
destress
him
,
by
reason
he
had
no
Fleet
at
Sea
to
relieve
him
with
Provision
;
and
by
that
means
might
revenge
himself
,
and
prevent
his
Territories
from
Invasion
for
the
future
.
Whilst
these
things
was
doing
,
Sinan
Bassa
with
considerable
Forces
passing
through
part
of
Arabia
,
seized
upon
the
City
of
Gaza
;
of
which
Gazelles
having
notice
posted
thither
with
6000
Mamalukes
,
and
a
considerable
number
of
Arabian
Adventurers
,
thinking
to
surprize
the
Bassa
;
but
he
having
notice
of
his
approach
,
went
to
meet
him
with
all
his
Forces
:
So
that
both
Armies
incountering
,
the
Egyptians
after
a
Bloody
fight
,
being
over-powred
by
numbers
,
and
sore
Gauled
with
Harqucbuss
Shot
,
left
the
fight
and
fled
towards
Cair
;
but
whilst
the
Turks
were
departed
on
this
Expedition
,
the
Citizens
of
Gaza
had
plundered
their
Camp
,
supposing
them
to
be
retired
for
Fear
,
and
discomfited
2000
Turkish
Horses
,
sent
by
Selymus
to
the
Aid
of
Sinan
Bassa
,
who
retreating
were
almost
slain
by
the
wild
Arabs
,
and
had
certainly
all
perished
,
had
they
not
fortunately
met
with
Juleb
Governour
of
Achaia
,
sent
with
another
Power
;
yet
the
Arabians
flocking
about
them
,
greatly
annoyed
them
with
their
Shot
from
the
Hills
,
not
giving
them
any
time
to
rest
;
and
such
through
weakness
,
or
for
to
seek
Provision
stragled
from
the
Army
,
and
were
cut
off
;
so
that
had
not
Imbrahor
Bassa
met
them
out
of
Syria
,
they
had
never
passed
alive
through
those
Desarts
,
for
the
Arabians
as
men
living
upon
spoil
still
pursued
them
,
and
in
a
dispersed
manner
were
continually
hovering
over
their
Army
,
yet
long
they
had
not
marched
e'r
they
met
with
Selymus
,
who
with
the
remainder
of
his
Army
was
marching
towards
Gaza
,
when
having
notice
from
those
that
had
been
put
to
flight
by
the
Citizens
thereof
,
what
had
befell
them
;
he
verily
believed
that
Sinan
Bassa
and
all
his
men
were
either
slain
or
taken
Prisoners
,
till
such
time
as
he
was
by
the
Syrian
Scouts
informed
to
the
contrary
,
at
which
he
not
a
little
rejoyced
,
yet
the
Arabians
daily
molested
his
Army
:
Insomuch
that
he
was
inforced
to
place
his
Harquebusiers
,
and
most
of
his
Artillery
in
the
Rear
,
with
order
to
Charge
them
as
they
saw
occasion
;
and
so
in
that
Order
he
marched
till
he
came
to
Jerusalem
,
which
was
then
altogether
ruinated
and
defaced
,
from
whence
after
having
viewed
the
holy
Sepulcher
,
kept
by
a
Company
of
poor
,
yet
devout
Christians
,
who
payed
Tribute
for
that
priviledge
to
the
Sultan
of
Egypt
,
and
having
made
his
offering
,
and
some
miles
distant
met
with
Sinan
Bassa
,
who
having
put
to
Death
the
Authors
of
the
revolt
of
that
City
,
and
Exacted
a
great
sum
of
Money
of
the
rest
,
came
forth
to
meet
him
,
whom
he
bountifully
rewarded
,
giving
to
the
Captains
Garments
of
Silk
,
and
to
the
rest
rewards
,
according
to
their
Demerits
.
After
he
had
refreshed
his
Army
at
Gaza
,
for
the
space
of
four
days
,
he
leaving
a
Garrison
therein
passed
over
the
Dangerous
,
Desolate
,
and
unpeopled
Sands
;
which
at
many
times
moved
by
the
Wind
,
worked
like
a
rough
Sea
,
and
rising
in
the
Air
,
hindred
the
sight
of
the
weary
Passingers
;
but
such
was
the
good
fortune
of
Selymus
,
that
a
little
before
he
entered
them
,
such
store
of
Rain
fell
that
it
not
only
allayed
the
Sand
,
but
furnished
his
Army
with
Water
during
his
passage
,
which
took
up
eight
days
,
yet
was
he
frequently
assaulted
by
the
Arabians
.
The
Deserts
passed
as
aforesaid
,
the
Turkish
Army
drew
near
unto
Cair
to
receive
,
or
rather
intrap
which
Tomombeius
the
new
Sultan
,
near
to
a
Village
called
Rhodania
had
intrenched
his
Camp
with
deep
Ditches
filled
with
Water
,
over
which
he
had
laid
rotten
Hurdles
,
and
upon
them
Earth
,
and
lined
all
the
Banks
with
Artillery
,
not
doubting
but
Selymus
would
march
that
way
;
but
this
their
Device
,
which
would
certainly
have
gained
them
a
Victory
had
it
took
,
was
upon
the
approach
of
the
Turkish
Army
discovered
to
Selymus
,
by
four
Epirot
Mamalukes
,
who
secretly
Envying
the
sudden
Advancement
of
Tomombeius
,
had
in
the
Night
time
withdrawn
themselves
from
his
Camp
:
Upon
which
Selymus
altered
his
determined
Courses
,
and
marching
by
by-ways
suddenly
appeared
with
his
Army
,
drawn
up
in
Battalia
in
the
Rear
of
the
Egyptian
Camp
,
which
put
them
into
a
great
Consternation
,
but
seeing
no
Remedy
but
presently
to
ingage
,
the
Sultan
put
his
Army
in
readiness
,
and
after
the
Charge
sounded
furiously
with
his
great
Ordnance
,
spoke
his
indignation
,
and
was
answered
in
the
same
Language
from
Selymus
his
Camp
;
but
after
the
second
discharge
of
each
particular
tire
,
the
Armies
joyned
Charging
each
other
with
such
Force
,
that
all
the
Ground
lay
covered
with
the
slain
,
the
Mamalukes
inraged
with
mortal
Hatred
,
bearing
down
all
before
them
,
when
in
the
mean
time
the
Arrabians
incompassed
the
Turks
Battle
,
putting
the
Thracian
,
Macedonian
,
and
Epirot
Horsemen
to
the
flight
,
the
which
Sinan
Bassa
perceiving
came
in
with
his
Squadron
of
Horse
,
to
stay
the
wavering
Battle
,
but
being
overcharged
by
Gazelles
and
Bidon
he
was
slain
,
and
his
men
disordered
:
So
that
had
not
Selymus
himself
advanced
with
his
surest
strength
of
the
Janizary
,
the
Victory
had
fallen
to
the
Sultan
;
but
with
them
restoring
the
Battle
,
and
the
Mamalukes
being
tired
with
continual
Fighting
,
at
the
approach
of
Night
Tomombeius
finding
his
men
to
be
worsted
,
caused
the
retreat
to
be
sounded
,
and
retired
towards
Cair
,
leaving
his
Camp
to
the
Turks
.
In
this
Battle
,
fought
on
the
24.
of
January
1517.
Were
slain
many
Thousands
on
both
sides
,
and
the
Turks
had
certainly
been
worsted
,
had
it
not
been
for
the
invincible
Courage
of
the
Janizaries
.
The
Turks
in
pursuit
,
having
taken
the
Diadare
,
a
man
of
great
Command
amongst
the
Egyptians
,
and
Bidon
the
valiant
Captain
,
whom
Selymus
unworthily
caused
to
be
slain
in
revenge
of
the
Sinan
Bassa
.
Tomombeius
a
man
of
a
warlike
Spirit
,
nothing
discouraged
at
what
had
happened
;
but
rather
more
resolute
to
revenge
his
disgrace
,
gathered
his
Power
from
all
parts
,
and
incamped
Commodiously
between
the
City
of
Cair
,
and
the
River
Nilus
,
and
there
consulted
,
how
he
might
by
stratagem
most
conveniently
set
upon
the
Turks
Camp
;
e'r
they
understood
what
Power
he
had
,
not
thinking
it
safe
so
suddenly
to
try
another
Field
:
But
whilst
he
was
thus
plotting
all
his
devices
were
discovered
to
Selymus
,
as
they
had
been
before
by
several
Mamalukes
,
who
now
beginning
to
have
his
fortune
in
Contempt
revolted
from
him
:
Insomuch
that
to
prevent
the
firing
of
his
Camp
as
was
intended
.
Selymus
caused
strict
Watches
to
be
kept
,
and
great
Fires
to
be
made
,
that
so
he
might
discover
the
Enemies
approaches
by
night
;
which
the
Sultan
perceiving
by
the
advice
of
his
great
Commanders
,
retired
into
the
City
of
Caire
,
there
to
expect
the
approach
of
the
Conqueror
,
furnishing
it
with
all
manner
of
Warlike
provision
,
and
inciteing
the
Egyptians
,
who
stood
all
this
while
Newters
to
take
up
Arms
,
in
the
defence
of
their
Country
,
which
the
more
wealthy
whillingly
did
,
but
the
poorer
sort
,
who
in
all
Nations
ever
gape
after
change
of
Government
,
thinking
to
advantage
themselves
thereby
;
yet
such
were
the
perswasions
of
the
Mamalukes
,
that
in
the
end
most
of
the
Citizens
resolved
upon
the
defence
of
that
great
City
,
towards
which
Selymus
was
advancing
a
pace
,
wherefore
Tomombeius
caused
Trenches
to
be
drawn
Cross
the
Streets
,
at
the
bottom
of
which
were
fixed
sharp
Stakes
,
and
before
them
,
Tin
being
overlaid
with
rotten
Hurdles
,
so
to
intrap
the
too
eager
Turks
,
for
why
,
the
City
had
no
Walls
but
situate
upon
the
River
Nilus
,
was
adorned
with
many
stately
Towers
,
Piramides
,
Pallaces
,
Temples
,
and
Monuments
of
the
Egyptian
Kings
,
served
rather
for
Pleasure
then
strength
:
He
likewise
caused
the
Houses
to
be
furnished
with
Harquebusiers
,
and
his
Pieces
of
Culvering
,
and
other
small
Pieces
,
to
be
every
where
planted
Advantagiously
for
the
annoying
the
Enemy
,
and
in
the
great
Street
drew
up
his
greatest
strength
,
consisting
of
Mamalukes
;
yet
Selymus
being
now
come
before
it
,
after
his
having
incouraged
his
Soldiers
to
undertake
the
subduing
of
that
great
City
,
as
the
last
Refuge
of
the
Sultan
,
he
furiously
entered
the
Gate
called
Basuela
,
and
at
one
instant
thrust
in
his
Horsemen
at
divers
Caves
,
but
kept
his
Janizaries
in
the
high
Street
,
where
the
greatest
Power
of
the
Mamalukes
were
:
Whereupon
a
dreadful
Fight
was
begun
on
all
parts
,
insomuch
that
the
Channels
run
Blood
like
so
many
Torrents
;
the
Artillery
and
small
Shot
still
thundering
from
either
side
,
made
all
seem
Fire
,
and
covered
the
tops
of
the
Houses
with
Clouds
of
smoke
;
when
from
their
Windows
,
and
Roof
of
their
Houses
,
the
Egyptians
cast
down
Stones
,
Tiles
,
scalding
Water
,
Sulphur
,
Pitch
,
Tar
,
and
the
like
,
to
the
great
annoyance
of
the
Turks
,
who
still
pressing
forward
many
of
them
fell
into
the
Covert
Trenches
,
and
were
there
impailed
on
the
Stakes
;
and
such
was
the
Clamour
and
Outcries
of
the
enemy
,
where
together
with
the
Clashing
of
Weapons
,
and
dreadful
Fires
,
that
it
seemed
as
if
the
desolation
of
all
things
was
come
,
and
in
this
dismal
manner
continued
the
Fight
for
the
space
of
two
Days
,
and
two
Nights
,
without
intermission
:
Insomuch
that
Selymus
finding
what
obstinate
Enemies
he
had
to
deal
with
,
began
to
despair
of
winning
the
City
,
and
therefore
was
about
to
sound
the
Retreat
,
as
his
fainting
Soldiers
most
earnestly
desired
,
at
what
time
he
had
News
that
Mustapha
Bassa
had
by
the
Conduct
of
some
Fugitive
Mamalukes
,
entered
the
City
on
the
other
side
,
and
had
taken
the
Mamalukes
Horses
,
which
they
had
left
there
ready
Sadled
,
thereon
to
make
their
escapes
,
if
matters
came
to
the
Extremity
,
which
not
only
Animated
the
Turks
,
but
dismayed
the
Mamalukes
,
who
expected
no
such
Matter
:
So
that
the
Fight
were
renewed
on
the
third
day
,
continuing
Bloody
and
doubtful
till
the
Evening
,
at
what
time
most
of
the
Egyptians
were
very
desirous
to
be
rid
of
their
insolent
Lords
;
the
Mamalukes
revolted
to
the
Turks
,
which
the
Mamalukes
perceiving
,
and
that
by
Reason
of
the
great
number
of
Turks
,
that
were
sent
to
stop
the
Gaps
that
Death
had
made
,
they
were
no
longer
able
to
resist
their
Fury
,
they
betook
themselves
to
flight
,
most
part
of
them
hasting
to
the
River
Nilus
with
Tomombeius
(
who
in
that
Battle
had
all
in
vain
proved
the
utmost
of
his
Prowess
and
Policy
)
being
Transported
over
it
in
Boats
fled
to
Segesta
,
others
of
them
fled
into
the
Houses
of
the
Egyptians
,
and
into
Caves
,
and
Vaults
in
the
City
to
hide
themselves
.
A
thousand
five
hundred
of
the
better
sort
,
betook
them
to
the
Temple
of
their
pretended
Prophet
,
where
after
an
obstinate
and
tedious
defence
,
being
disabled
by
Weariness
,
Thirst
,
and
loss
of
Blood
;
they
surrendered
themselves
upon
Diseretion
,
part
of
whom
the
furious
Soldiers
slew
in
the
Porch
of
the
said
Temple
,
and
the
rest
within
a
few
days
after
,
being
sent
down
the
River
to
Alexendria
,
were
there
contrary
to
the
Promise
of
Selymus
put
to
Death
.
This
great
City
subdued
after
the
manner
aforesaid
,
Selymus
Commanded
a
part
of
his
Army
to
extinguish
the
Fire
,
which
raged
vehemently
in
many
places
,
which
done
he
exhibited
a
Proclamation
,
that
all
the
Mamalukes
,
who
within
twelve
hours
would
furrender
themselves
should
have
pardon
of
Life
;
upon
which
many
came
forth
of
their
secret
places
,
and
that
whosoever
of
the
Egyptians
should
conceal
any
one
of
them
longer
then
the
time
specified
,
he
threatned
to
impail
them
alive
on
Stakes
,
and
having
sold
their
Wives
and
Children
,
to
burn
their
Houses
;
which
dreadful
menace
on
the
one
side
,
and
hopes
of
Reward
,
which
was
also
Promised
on
the
other
,
caused
many
of
the
Egyptians
contrary
to
their
Promises
to
their
old
Lords
,
the
Mamalukes
to
deliver
some
of
them
up
to
the
Tyrany
of
Selymus
,
who
caused
them
to
be
put
to
Death
;
but
some
of
the
Egyptians
impeached
by
their
malicious
Neighbours
,
chose
rather
to
suffer
Death
,
then
to
prove
perfidious
in
breaking
the
solemn
Protestations
they
had
made
to
their
Lords
:
Nor
did
the
Victorious
Turks
spare
,
though
contrary
to
Selymus
his
Promise
to
rifle
the
Houses
of
the
Egyptians
,
Murther
many
of
them
,
and
defloure
their
Daughters
,
and
ravish
their
Wives
even
in
their
Presence
,
and
to
use
all
other
Cruelties
incident
to
so
great
and
populous
a
City
,
upon
the
entry
of
an
Hunger-starved
Army
greedy
of
prey
.
At
the
taking
of
Cair
Gazales
,
the
great
and
Valiant
Captain
of
the
Mamalukes
was
not
present
,
but
sent
by
Tomombeius
to
raise
an
Army
in
Arabia
,
who
upon
his
return
finding
all
lost
,
and
that
the
Sultan
was
fled
he
knew
not
where
,
not
thinking
it
Convenient
to
hazard
a
Battle
against
him
,
whom
Fortune
so
highly
favoured
;
he
came
to
Selymus
upon
his
Faith
before
given
,
for
the
safety
of
himself
and
his
Followers
,
which
were
three
Arrabian
Captains
,
and
a
number
of
good
Horsemen
,
and
being
admitted
to
his
Presence
boldly
declared
,
that
since
Fortune
had
made
him
her
Darling
,
and
that
he
by
her
aid
,
rather
Conquered
the
Mamalukes
,
then
by
any
Force
;
and
that
since
Tomombeins
was
fled
,
whose
part
as
long
as
his
Kingly
Authority
and
Majesty
remained
,
he
had
faithfully
served
,
he
and
the
rest
were
at
his
Devotion
;
if
he
so
pleased
to
serve
him
with
their
Lifes
and
Fortunes
,
of
which
offer
Selymus
joyfully
accepted
,
highly
Commending
Gazeles
both
for
his
Virtue
and
Valour
,
which
for
the
most
part
gains
Credit
amongst
the
roughest
Enemies
,
and
not
long
after
sending
him
to
suppress
the
Moors
and
Arabs
,
that
made
Incursions
into
the
Country
about
Cair
;
he
suddenly
overthrew
them
,
and
e'r
he
was
expected
returned
with
Victory
.
Tomombeius
being
in
the
Country
of
Segesta
,
whilst
Selymus
was
setling
his
matters
at
Cair
,
raised
a
considerable
Army
,
and
the
rather
for
that
he
had
frequent
advice
from
the
Carians
,
that
if
he
would
come
suddenly
upon
the
Turks
,
they
would
raise
such
a
Tumult
that
he
should
not
only
recover
the
City
,
but
destroy
the
Army
who
were
but
few
in
number
,
and
most
of
those
weak
through
their
Wounds
and
Sickness
,
but
e'r
he
could
put
this
Design
in
Practice
,
one
Albuchomar
a
man
of
great
Wealth
and
Authority
in
the
Country
of
Segesta
,
discovered
the
design
to
Selymus
;
who
caused
all
such
Citizens
as
he
suspected
to
be
shut
up
in
the
Castle
,
and
continually
guarded
the
Streets
,
placing
along
the
River
Boats
,
and
Men
and
Artillery
to
keep
the
Enemy
from
repassing
it
,
and
not
well
assured
to
hold
what
he
had
got
,
from
such
desperate
and
resolute
Enemies
as
were
the
Mamalukes
;
of
whom
a
great
Power
were
again
resorted
to
Tomombeius
,
he
resolved
to
send
Ambassadors
to
him
,
to
advise
him
to
submit
,
and
in
yielding
to
his
Clemency
he
would
provide
for
him
in
some
other
part
of
his
Dominions
,
but
e'r
the
Ambassadors
came
to
his
Camp
,
they
were
way-laid
by
certain
Mamalukes
,
who
had
vowed
no
Peace
with
the
Turks
,
and
without
respect
to
their
Character
shamefully
murthered
them
,
upon
notice
of
which
Selymus
who
was
of
a
hot
fiery
Nature
,
was
so
inraged
that
he
could
scarcely
contain
himself
:
And
thereupon
Commanded
a
strong
Bridge
made
of
Boats
and
Planks
,
to
be
laid
over
Nilus
,
resolving
to
revenge
the
affront
done
to
his
Majesty
,
the
which
once
finished
he
drew
the
greatest
part
of
his
Army
out
of
Cair
,
(
leaving
only
so
many
as
might
keep
the
City
from
revolting
)
with
an
intent
to
pass
into
the
Country
of
Segasta
,
to
wast
it
with
Fire
and
Sword
;
of
which
Tomombeius
having
knowledge
,
by
speedy
marches
came
to
the
Bridge
at
what
time
the
Asian
Horsemen
were
passed
over
,
and
setting
furiously
upon
them
e'r
they
had
well
put
themselves
in
Order
,
making
great
slaughter
of
such
as
resisted
:
Insomuch
that
many
to
avoid
the
Swords
of
their
Enemies
by
leaping
into
the
River
were
there
drowned
,
others
in
passing
the
Bridge
were
thrust
beside
and
miserably
perished
in
the
Water
.
Nor
could
Mustapha
Bassa
with
all
his
Courage
resist
the
Fury
of
the
Mamalukes
,
all
the
Turks
being
filled
with
Fear
and
Consternation
,
as
well
on
the
hither
as
the
further
Bank
;
the
Artillery
was
for
a
while
rendered
useless
,
by
reason
that
if
it
had
been
discharged
,
it
must
have
been
against
the
Turks
onely
,
who
in
fearful
Troops
covered
the
further
Bank
,
calling
for
Help
to
those
on
the
other
side
;
Selymus
seeing
in
what
state
Assairs
stood
,
caused
all
his
Boats
to
be
brought
,
and
filling
them
with
Janizaries
passed
them
over
,
who
Ranging
in
good
order
stayed
the
Fury
of
the
Mamalukes
;
when
as
Carrgolis
Son
to
the
Tartar
King
,
and
Brother-in-Law
to
Selymus
,
with
his
Horsemen
took
the
Water
and
Swom
over
with
little
loss
:
So
that
now
the
Battle
went
hard
on
all
sides
,
and
strongly
did
the
Mamalukes
press
on
to
gain
the
Head
of
the
Bridg
;
the
which
they
had
done
by
Cutting
the
Cables
that
fastened
it
,
they
had
set
it
afloat
down
the
River
,
and
destroyed
that
part
of
the
Army
,
with
whom
they
were
ingaged
,
e'r
they
could
have
been
relieved
by
their
Fellows
;
which
Mustapha
perceiving
,
had
drawn
to
that
place
both
his
Insigns
,
and
his
most
experienced
Soldiers
,
so
that
the
Fight
was
for
a
long
time
maintianed
Bloody
and
doubtful
,
but
the
Turks
still
coming
over
in
great
abundance
,
true
Valour
was
obliged
to
give
place
to
Multitudes
;
for
the
Mamalukes
who
had
done
all
that
men
could
do
,
betook
themselves
to
Flight
;
after
whom
the
Tartarian
Horsemen
followed
with
great
Slaughter
,
as
likewise
did
Mustapha
Gazeles
,
and
Cayrebeius
,
Selymus
being
desirous
of
nothing
more
then
that
Tomombeius
might
fall
into
his
Hands
,
which
at
length
fell
out
according
to
his
wish
;
for
,
the
next
Day
he
was
overtaken
,
when
making
head
with
his
slender
Train
,
he
Fought
right
valiantly
,
but
at
length
overcome
he
again
fled
,
yet
so
strict
was
Selymus
his
command
,
that
the
great
Captains
still
pursued
him
,
denouncing
all
manner
of
Torture
to
the
poor
Villagers
,
if
they
did
not
so
watch
the
passages
of
the
great
Marsh
,
whereinto
he
was
entered
,
that
he
should
by
no
means
escape
;
whereupon
on
the
third
day
finding
himself
hard
beset
on
everyside
,
he
willingly
gave
his
followers
leave
to
forsake
him
,
and
laying
aside
his
Insigns
of
Royalty
hid
himself
amongst
the
Flags
and
Bushes
,
standing
up
to
the
Neck
in
Water
,
where
being
found
by
the
Country
Peasants
,
he
was
drawn
thence
and
delivered
to
the
Bassa
Mustapha
,
who
brought
him
together
with
several
of
his
Captains
to
Cair
,
where
Selymus
resolving
before
hand
to
put
him
to
Death
,
thereby
to
appease
the
Ghosts
of
his
slain
Ambassadors
would
not
admit
him
to
his
presence
,
but
commanded
him
to
be
delivered
to
the
Tormentors
,
that
with
exquisite
torments
they
might
make
him
reveal
the
Treasure
of
Campson
Gourus
,
supposed
by
him
to
have
been
hid
,
all
which
he
indured
with
a
manly
courage
and
stern
Countenance
,
uttering
nothing
unbeseeming
his
Character
,
after
which
he
in
tattered
Garments
with
his
Hands
bound
behind
him
,
being
set
upon
a
lean
Ill-favoured
Camel
,
was
in
division
carryed
through
all
the
Publick
places
of
the
City
to
be
Gazed
at
as
a
Spectacle
of
Misery
,
by
those
who
not
a
Month
before
had
honoured
with
profound
Reverence
,
as
their
great
&
mighty
King
,
now
by
the
hand
of
Fortune
thrown
from
the
top
fo
all
worldly
honour
,
into
the
Abyss
of
extreamest
Misery
,
and
in
this
manner
the
insulting
Turks
having
brought
him
to
the
chief
Gate
of
the
City
,
extended
their
cruelty
yet
farther
by
strangling
him
with
a
Rope
,
and
that
he
might
be
the
better
seen
of
all
that
passed
by
,
Hanged
him
upon
a
hook
under
the
Gate
;
nor
did
any
of
the
Princes
of
the
Mamalukes
who
fell
into
the
Turks
Hands
fare
otherwise
.
The
Terror
of
Selymus
his
man
Victories
now
spreading
wide
,
all
the
Cities
of
Egypt
submitted
to
the
Conquerour
,
no
place
between
the
River
Nilus
,
and
the
Borders
of
India
and
Arabia
,
that
were
either
Tributaries
or
Confederates
to
or
with
the
Sultan
,
but
sent
their
Ambassadors
with
Presents
to
Selymus
,
promising
to
continue
the
same
with
him
,
as
they
have
done
with
the
Sultans
,
only
the
wild
Arabians
stood
at
defiance
till
such
time
as
with
large
Gifts
he
had
won
many
of
their
great
Captains
to
bring
their
People
over
to
his
obedience
;
at
what
time
Amyrases
submitted
himself
,
and
delivered
into
his
possession
the
Egyptian
Fleet
,
built
to
oppose
the
Portugise
Trade
in
the
Indias
,
and
so
Swimming
in
the
currant
of
Fortunes
favour
,
he
extended
his
Dominions
as
far
as
the
confines
of
the
Great
King
of
Aethiopia
called
Prester-John
,
and
thus
having
reduced
all
to
his
obedience
,
he
came
down
the
River
Nilus
in
his
Gally
to
Alexandria
,
and
having
well
reviewed
it
,
returned
again
to
Cair
,
from
whence
he
commanded
500
Families
of
the
Wealthier
sort
of
the
Egyptians
to
be
removed
to
Constantinople
,
for
the
Transportation
of
which
Vessels
were
purposely
prepared
;
as
also
a
great
number
of
Women
and
Children
of
the
Race
of
the
Mamalukes
,
thereby
to
prevent
future
troubles
,
and
then
staying
a
while
to
observe
the
overflowing
of
Nilus
,
from
which
the
Egyptians
Prognosticate
a
happy
or
unhappy
Season
,
as
it
rises
little
or
much
,
he
resolved
to
depart
for
Syria
,
having
made
Cayrebius
the
Traytor
Governour
of
Cair
,
and
his
great
Lieutenant
of
Egypt
,
which
he
had
reduced
into
a
Province
,
whereat
Jonuses
the
Great
Bassa
greatly
envying
,
as
supposing
himself
greatly
wronged
by
Selymus
,
whom
he
had
faithfuly
served
in
all
his
Wars
,
in
heaping
upon
a
Traytor
the
honour
which
he
greedily
expected
by
opening
his
mind
therein
,
and
refusing
to
deliver
the
Largesses
appointed
for
the
Soldiers
thereby
to
render
his
Competior
odious
,
he
fell
so
far
into
the
Emperors
displeasure
,
that
notwithstanding
all
the
excuse
he
made
in
defence
of
himself
,
he
caused
him
to
be
Strangled
even
in
his
presence
,
thereby
to
deter
others
from
daring
to
prescribe
him
what
he
should
Act
,
or
on
whom
he
should
bestow
his
favours
,
yet
was
the
fall
of
this
great
Bassa
worthily
Lamented
of
the
Souldiers
,
who
spared
not
to
tell
the
Tyrant
to
his
Face
of
his
many
Barbarous
Cruelties
,
repeating
all
the
Inhumane
Murthers
he
had
caused
to
be
committed
,
but
others
again
remembring
how
this
Bassa
had
during
his
being
in
favour
with
Selymus
,
causelesly
Stabed
his
Fair
and
Virtuous
Wife
Manto
,
upon
a
jealous
,
tho
false
and
Groundless
Suspicion
of
her
Inconstancy
,
said
it
was
a
Judgement
of
God
upon
him
for
that
Barbarous
and
unnatural
Crime
.
Selymus
having
left
Egypt
,
and
arrived
in
Syria
,
received
Letters
from
Himbracor
the
Great
Master
of
his
Horse
,
whom
he
had
left
upon
the
Frontiers
to
attend
the
motions
of
the
Persians
,
certifying
him
that
Hismael's
great
preparations
were
dwindled
into
nothing
by
reason
that
most
of
his
forces
consisting
of
Voluntary
Gentlemen
,
who
served
at
their
own
charges
,
and
they
not
bound
to
pass
the
Limits
of
their
Country
,
had
refused
to
invade
the
Turkish
Frontiers
,
during
the
Wars
with
the
Sultans
of
Egypt
.
All
the
following
Winter
Selymus
stay'd
to
settle
his
Affairs
in
Syria
,
but
early
in
the
Spring
having
notice
from
his
Lieutenant
in
Europe
;
that
Pope
Leo
the
tenth
had
stirred
up
the
Christian
Princes
,
to
invade
his
Territories
on
that
side
,
leaving
Gazeles
his
Lieutenant
in
Syria
,
he
hasted
with
his
Army
to
Constantinople
,
where
he
no
sooner
arrived
but
making
great
preparations
,
he
resolved
to
bend
all
his
forces
against
the
Christians
;
but
'ere
he
could
perform
his
design
God
(
who
as
he
pleses
restrains
the
power
of
Tyrants
,
even
in
their
greatest
pride
,
to
make
him
sensible
that
he
was
but
a
mortal
Man
)
struck
him
with
a
grievous
Canker
in
the
Reins
of
his
Back
,
which
deriding
Art
admitted
of
no
cure
,
but
daily
increasing
with
horrible
pains
,
he
still
Rotting
above-Ground
,
and
well-nigh
Poysoning
such
as
were
about
him
with
the
noisome
Contagion
,
in
his
way
to
Hadrianople
,
in
order
to
the
Solemnizing
the
profane
Feast
called
Bai●●m
(
or
as
they
Term
it
the
Feast
of
their
Prophet
)
he
Breathed
out
his
dismal-Ghost
Anno
1520
,
near
to
the
City
Chiurlia
,
on
the
very
spot
where
he
had
formerly
lifted
up
his
Impious
Sword
against
his
Father
Bajazet
,
with
purpose
to
have
bereaved
him
of
his
Life
and
Empire
,
dying
after
he
had
Reigned
eight
Years
and
lived
46
,
filling
the
World
with
Murthers
and
prodigius
Slaughters
,
and
was
Buryed
in
a
new
Temple
at
Constantinople
,
Erected
for
the
purpose
by
his
Son
Solyman
,
who
succeeded
him
in
the
Ottoman
Empire
,
and
in
token
of
his
restless
Nature
,
upon
his
Tomb
is
Ingraven
in
Greek
,
Turkish
and
the
Sclavonian
Tongues
,
this
following
Epitaph
.
H●●
M●ximus
adsum
Selymus
,
qui
orbem
Dom●i
;
non
Bell●
retinquo
,
&c.
In
English
thus
.
Lo
here
I
lye
great
Selymus
,
who
held
the
world
in
fear
,
The
World
I
leave
,
yet
not
the
Wars
which
I
seek
,
tho
not
here
.
Not
Fortunes
chance
,
nor
Victors
Hand
could
take
from
me
the
Spoils
.
And
tho
my
Bones
lye
Buryed
here
,
my
Ghost
seeks
Bloody
Broils
.
CHAP.
XV.
The
Life
of
Solyman
,
the
first
of
that
Name
,
and
fourth
Emperor
of
the
Turks
,
who
for
his
many
great
exploits
,
or
rather
Lofty
Carriage
,
was
Sirnamed
the
Magnificent
.
SElymus
being
dead
,
his
Death
was
Concealed
by
Ferha●es
,
the
only
Bassa
present
at
his
Departure
,
till
such
time
as
Solyman
came
from
Magnesia
,
lest
the
Souldier
but
especially
the
Janizaries
should
have
Spoil'd
and
Plundered
the
Merchants-Strangers
residing
in
the
great
City
of
Constantinople
,
as
is
usual
with
them
in
Interregnums
,
as
they
call
them
,
which
are
accounted
from
the
Death
of
the
proceeding
Emperor
,
to
the
time
the
Succeeding
Emperor
is
presented
to
be
proclaimed
by
the
men
of
War
;
but
such
was
the
Incredulity
of
Solyman
,
that
knowing
his
Fathers
cruel
Nature
,
&
Jealous
apprehension
of
his
intent
to
Aspire
to
Empire
,
for
which
he
had
often
been
in
danger
of
his
Life
,
could
not
believe
what
he
most
desired
,
till
he
had
it
certified
from
all
Hands
,
upon
which
with
more
then
ordinary
speed
,
he
hasted
to
Constantinople
,
and
there
being
met
by
the
Great
Bassas
,
and
the
Aga
of
the
Janizaries
he
was
lead
into
the
mid'st
of
the
men
of
War
,
drawn
up
for
that
purpose
,
when
as
the
Aga
or
chief
Captain
with
a
loud
Voice
said
,
Behold
your
emperor
,
upon
which
immediately
followed
an
Universal
Shout
,
succeeded
with
the
Joyful
Acclamation
of
,
Longlive
the
great
Emperor
Solyman
(
which
consent
of
the
men
of
War
is
to
the
Turkish
Emperors
,
the
greatest
Assurance
of
their
safe
Establishment
in
their
Empire
)
and
so
in
great
Triumph
they
brought
him
into
the
Royal
Pallace
,
and
placed
him
in
his
Fathers
Seat
Anno
1520
,
at
what
time
Charles
the
fifth
was
chosen
Emperor
of
Germany
.
The
Janizaries
by
this
means
disappointed
of
the
Spoil
of
the
Goods
,
belonging
to
the
Jewish
and
Christian
Merchants
,
in
Lieu
thereof
received
of
the
new
Emperor
great
Sums
of
money
,
and
had
during
his
Reign
,
their
wage
Augmented
;
upon
the
Death
of
Selymus
,
Gazeles
whom
he
had
made
Governour
of
Syria
,
revolted
from
Solyman
,
and
drew
after
him
the
remaining
power
of
the
Mamalukes
,
seizing
upon
several
Cities
,
but
being
Fought
with
by
Ferates
Bassa
sent
against
him
with
a
great
power
,
he
after
a
long
and
Bloody
Fight
was
Slain
,
and
his
forces
put
to
Flight
;
upon
which
all
the
Cities
of
Syria
were
again
reduced
to
the
Turkish
obedience
:
And
now
Solyman
desirous
to
get
himself
a
Name
,
by
the
Counsel
of
Pyrrhus-Bassa
his
Tutor
resolved
to
bend
his
forces
against
the
Christians
,
who
by
Reason
of
the
Dissensions
amongst
themselves
,
lay
open
to
his
Invasion
(
a
fatal
over-sight
which
ever
gave
the
Ottoman
Emperors
,
the
opportunity
to
inlarge
their
Dominions
on
the
Borders
of
Christendom
)
whereupon
raising
a
great
power
,
and
enteriung
Hungaria
,
he
took
Belgrade
almost
without
resistance
,
against
which
in
vain
Mahomet
the
Great
,
Amurath
and
Bajazet
had
lost
500000
Men
;
Belgrade
strongly
Garrisoned
he
dispersed
part
of
his
Army
,
and
returned
to
Constantinople
,
making
great
preparations
for
Sea
against
the
Spring
,
as
having
an
Eye
upon
the
famous
Island
of
Rhodes
,
of
which
the
Rhodians
not
being
Ignorant
chose
for
their
great
Master
Philippus
Villerius
,
a
man
of
great
Wisdom
and
Courage
,
then
following
the
French
Court
;
but
upon
notice
thereof
took
Shipping
at
Marcelles
,
and
arrived
safe
in
the
Port
of
the
City
Rhodes
(
tho
Solyman
had
sent
out
Cortug
Ogly
,
a
famous
Pirate
of
the
Turks
,
with
several
Gallies
to
intercept
them
)
whereupon
at
his
arrival
he
was
installed
by
the
Knights
of
the
Order
and
Citizens
,
with
great
Triumph
,
and
more
then
ordinary
expressions
of
Joy
.
Solyman
not
a●●ering
his
Determination
,
yet
desirous
to
know
how
the
Rhodians
stood
affected
,
and
to
learn
all
that
was
possible
of
their
number
,
and
the
Strength
of
the
City
,
sent
divers
insinuating
Letters
with
Superscriptions
of
his
Thundering
Titles
to
the
great
Master
,
of
which
this
is
one
,
viz.
Solyman
by
the
Grace
of
God
,
King
of
Kings
,
Lord
of
Lords
,
greatest
Emperor
of
Constaminople
,
and
Trepezond
;
most
Mighty
King
of
Persia
,
Arabia
,
Syria
,
Egypt
,
Lord
of
Asia
and
Europe
,
Prince
of
Mecha
and
Aleppo
,
Ruler
of
Jerusalem
and
Master
of
the
Universal
Sea
,
to
Philippus
Villerus
Lilladamus
great
Master
of
Rhodes
,
&c.
But
neither
these
thumping
Titles
,
nor
his
Threats
and
Promises
,
could
move
the
great
Master
to
hearken
to
his
Request
,
which
was
that
he
would
become
his
Tributary
,
and
to
deliver
into
his
possession
the
City
and
Island
;
so
that
finding
his
Expectations
Frustrated
,
and
that
his
Name
was
not
so
terrible
as
he
supposed
,
after
many
Letters
had
passed
and
repassed
,
he
caused
a
Fleet
of
200
Gallies
to
be
furnished
with
all
things
necessary
,
for
the
siege
of
that
strong
city
,
of
which
the
great
Master
being
Advertised
,
was
not
wanting
on
his
part
to
put
all
things
in
order
for
making
a
most
resolute
defence
,
causing
Watch
and
Ward
to
be
kept
in
every
Street
,
and
the
great
Artillary
to
be
planted
upon
the
Walls
,
and
Bulwarks
,
opening
all
the
Armories
of
the
City
,
and
furnishing
every
man
with
Weapons
,
appointing
to
each
his
Station
,
there
to
be
ready
when
occasion
required
his
Service
,
and
then
taking
a
General
Master
of
such
as
were
fit
for
Service
,
he
found
about
5000
resolute
men
,
amongst
whom
were
six
hundred
Knights
of
the
order
,
each
of
them
capable
of
Commanding
a
vast
Army
,
as
likewise
500
Souldiers
of
Cr●●●
;
there
were
come
thither
for
fear
of
the
Turks
,
a
number
of
Villagers
,
who
served
to
Sink
Sounds
to
Countermine
the
Enemy
,
and
to
cast
up
Rampires
,
&c.
Things
thus
ordered
,
the
great
Master
calling
together
his
Commanders
and
Soldiers
,
incouraged
them
in
a
most
Christian-like
manner
,
to
fight
boldly
against
the
Enemies
of
Christ
,
and
rather
to
dye
in
the
defence
of
their
Religion
,
then
to
submit
themselves
to
the
Tyra●my
of
the
Barbarous
Infidels
,
putting
them
in
〈◊〉
of
the
Valour
of
their
Ancestors
,
and
of
the
aid
they
were
to
expect
from
the
Christian
Princes
,
&c.
Which
S●ee●h
so
Animated
the
Commanders
and
Souldiers
,
that
they
desired
nothing
more
then
to
shew
their
prowess
to
the
World
.
By
this
time
the
Turks
Gallies
were
put
to
Sea
,
and
about
twenty
being
the
forerunners
of
the
Fleet
for
many
Days
braved
the
Rhodians
before
their
own
Port
,
whereupon
the
Great
Master
called
a
Council
to
know
whether
they
should
be
Fought
with
or
not
,
to
procure
which
the
Chancellor
a
man
of
Admirable
Courage
earnestly
Laboured
,
but
the
de●andents
being
but
few
,
and
therefore
the
smallest
loss
at
Sea
,
tho
they
should
gain
the
Victory
,
might
be
a
means
to
Weaken
the
City
,
yet
at
length
it
was
resolved
upon
,
that
they
should
be
permitted
to
Land
in
any
part
of
the
Island
,
except
the
Port
without
resistance
,
which
they
accordingly
did
,
burning
up
the
Corn
,
and
making
great
Spoil
as
they
passed
,
yet
durst
they
attempt
nothing
against
the
City
,
but
again
entering
their
Galley
stood
off
to
Sea
,
to
joyn
with
the
rest
of
the
Fleet
,
which
on
the
26
of
June
,
Anno
1322
,
was
from
the
Watch-Tower
standing
upon
St.
Stephens
Hill
discerned
,
and
notice
given
thereof
to
the
Great
Master
,
who
caused
Publick
Prayers
to
be
put
up
to
God
,
that
as
it
was
his
pleasure
,
that
they
at
that
time
should
become
the
Champions
of
the
Christian
Religion
,
that
so
of
his
infinite
Goodness
,
it
would
please
him
to
strengthen
them
,
and
give
them
Victory
over
the
Enemies
of
his
name
,
&c.
Prayers
ended
every
man
betook
him
to
his
charge
,
when
as
the
fleet
sailing
by
in
Triumph
,
the
Vice-Admiral
of
the
Turks
in
the
middle
,
having
a
fair
Wind
,
strook
Sail
directly
before
the
Mouth
of
the
Haven
,
and
caused
his
Galley
to
row
towards
the
entrance
of
the
Port
,
Guarded
with
two
strong
Towers
,
from
which
he
received
such
a
thundering
welcom
,
that
he
was
inforced
to
retire
,
and
so
with
the
rest
of
the
fleet
failing
along
the
coast
they
came
to
a
Promontory
called
by
the
Inhabitants
Bow
,
where
thrusting
their
Gallies
into
a
small
Haven
,
they
landed
their
Artillery
,
and
other
necessaries
fit
for
the
Siege
,
the
whole
Army
consisting
of
200000
men
;
and
whilst
they
were
preparing
to
intrench
themselves
,
the
Great
Master
sent
Embassadors
to
Charles
the
Emperor
,
and
the
French
King
,
as
likewise
to
the
Pope
,
and
Princes
of
Italy
for
aid
,
but
they
by
reason
of
the
broils
amongst
themselves
,
returned
the
Embassadors
only
with
fair
promises
in
stead
of
performance
.
The
City
of
Rhodes
is
Situate
upon
plain
ground
,
every
where
to
be
besieged
,
except
towards
the
North
,
which
is
defended
with
a
good
Haven
,
and
is
incompassed
about
with
a
strong
double
Wall
,
and
deep
Trenches
,
threatning
the
Enemy
with
13
stately
Towers
,
5
Bulwarks
,
and
many
strong
Gates
,
and
what
was
more
available
,
within
the
City
was
kept
a
strict
and
orderly
manner
of
warlike
discipline
.
The
defence
of
the
whole
City
was
thus
proportioned
;
From
the
French
Tower
the
which
for
its
exceeding
height
seems
to
kiss
the
Clouds
,
stood
the
Frenchmen
with
the
Lillies
in
their
Ensign
,
under
Johannes
Abinus
a
Knight
of
the
order
,
from
thence
to
St
Georges
Gate
lay
the
Germans
with
their
Eagle
Ensign
,
in
the
third
station
were
placed
the
French
of
Avernois
with
the
Spaniards
,
for
that
the
ditches
in
that
place
were
neither
so
deep
nor
broad
as
in
others
,
next
to
them
lay
the
English
,
commanded
by
the
great
Master
himself
,
and
lastly
were
placed
they
of
Narbona
and
the
Italians
,
under
the
Command
of
Petrus
Balinus
,
and
Gregorius
Morgutus
,
Valiant
Knights
of
the
Order
.
Whilst
Affaires
stood
thus
,
several
Turkish
Women
slaves
to
the
Rhodians
,
had
conspired
that
when
the
Assault
was
given
,
they
would
set
their
Masters
houses
on
fire
,
thereby
to
discourage
the
Souldiers
,
and
draw
them
from
their
defences
to
extinguishing
the
flame
,
but
this
treachery
being
timely
discovered
the
Conspirators
were
executed
;
by
this
time
the
Turks
had
planted
several
batteries
,
and
began
to
play
upon
the
English
Bulwark
,
but
without
doing
any
considerable
damage
,
when
on
the
other
side
,
the
Cannon
from
the
Walls
furiously
playing
upon
the
Turkish
Pioneers
,
as
they
were
breaking
Ground
,
scattered
their
dead
Bodies
all
over
the
Plain
,
when
at
the
same
time
a
strong
party
Sallying
out
,
cut
off
a
great
number
of
such
as
were
sent
to
guard
them
,
during
their
running
the
trenches
,
which
so
discouraged
the
rest
,
that
they
began
to
Murmur
and
Mutiny
against
their
Commanders
,
seeming
daily
more
and
more
unwilling
to
hazard
their
lives
against
so
strong
a
City
,
and
such
resolute
Enemies
,
which
caused
Pyrrhus
Bassa
General
of
the
Army
,
to
send
Letters
to
Solyman
then
residing
at
Constantinople
,
to
inform
him
:
That
if
he
would
have
the
Siege
go
forward
,
he
must
without
delay
come
in
person
,
for
that
the
Souldiers
without
regard
of
shame
were
ready
to
rise
in
Mutiny
,
and
to
abandon
the
Siege
,
refusing
to
be
commanded
by
their
Captains
,
upon
notice
of
which
Solyman
caused
his
Gallies
to
be
made
ready
.
And
on
the
28
of
August
came
himself
to
the
Camp
,
where
reading
in
the
Countenances
of
his
Souldiers
,
the
little
mind
they
had
to
continue
the
Siege
,
he
was
exceeding
wroth
,
when
causing
them
all
to
be
disarmed
,
he
commanded
15000
harquibusiers
to
incompass
them
(
which
Harquibusiers
he
had
brought
with
him
)
and
Mounting
his
Pavilion
for
that
purpose
erected
,
he
rated
with
many
bitter
words
,
calling
them
Slaves
and
Cowards
,
after
which
he
incouraged
them
to
assume
their
Pristine
courage
and
fight
manfully
against
the
City
,
till
they
had
subdued
it
,
and
thereupon
pronounced
pardon
to
all
that
had
offended
,
and
swore
them
again
to
his
obedience
,
after
which
the
City
was
furiously
battered
,
with
shot
of
incredible
weight
,
and
huge
stones
for
many
days
,
and
was
as
manfully
defended
by
the
Rhodians
,
so
that
in
200
shot
there
were
but
10
men
slain
,
though
several
houses
were
shattered
,
with
their
force
,
of
which
the
Turks
having
notice
from
one
Appella
a
Citizen
of
Rhodes
,
who
was
for
the
same
executed
as
a
Traytor
.
The
Turks
perceiving
the
former
Battery
ineffectual
,
raised
a
huge
Mount
,
on
which
they
placed
40
great
Ordnance
with
which
they
played
furiously
upon
the
Tower
of
St.
Nicholas
,
which
was
valiantly
defended
by
one
Guido
a
Frenchman
,
to
whom
the
charge
of
it
was
committed
,
but
e'r
they
had
made
many
shot
,
most
of
their
Pieces
were
dismounted
by
the
Cannon
from
the
City
,
nor
durst
they
,
when
they
had
made
a
Breach
,
enter
it
;
but
used
great
Diligence
to
undermine
the
Wall
,
thirty
two
of
which
Mines
were
frustrated
by
Countermines
;
yet
they
so
plyed
it
,
that
on
the
fourth
of
September
having
undermined
the
English
Bulwarks
,
they
blew
part
of
it
up
,
and
in
it
divers
of
the
Defendants
;
at
which
Breach
the
Turks
attempti●●
to
●●t●r
,
were
k●●ed
in
the
Breach
to
the
number
of
2000.
Which
the
rest
observing
,
betook
themselves
to
〈◊〉
Heels
,
but
being
forced
thereby
to
please
the
Tyrant
,
they
three
days
after
renewed
the
Assault
,
but
with
worse
success
then
before
;
yet
though
they
did
as
much
as
in
them
were
possible
,
Soly
sent
them
a
〈…〉
to
enter
at
the
said
Breach
,
in
attempting
which
●●●0
were
slain
,
amongst
whom
were
many
great
Commanders
,
though
not
without
some
loss
to
the
besieged
;
for
in
expulsing
them
fifty
Knights
of
the
Order
,
and
100
of
lesser
Note
were
slain
.
These
great
Losses
made
the
Bassas
more
wary
,
resolving
not
longer
to
assail
the
besieged
with
plain
Force
,
but
to
work
under
ground
,
and
by
that
means
to
overthrow
the
Walls
,
but
therein
,
for
the
most
part
they
were
unsuccessful
,
as
being
frustrated
by
the
Countermines
;
yet
by
so
weakening
the
Walls
,
they
rendred
it
more
liable
to
the
Force
of
their
Artillery
,
beating
down
great
Pieces
thereof
,
yet
stood
hovering
about
,
being
afraid
to
enter
,
and
yet
not
daring
to
retire
,
though
they
were
mowed
down
in
abundance
by
the
great
Shot
,
for
fear
of
the
Tyrants
displeasure
;
yet
at
length
creeping
under
the
Walls
to
the
Spanish
Bulwarks
,
they
surprized
it
,
whilst
their
Soldiers
were
drawn
off
to
relieve
their
Fellows
,
hardly
Charged
by
Achmetes
Bassa
,
but
e'r
they
had
kept
it
two
hours
it
was
again
recovered
,
and
all
the
Turks
either
put
to
the
Sword
,
or
thrown
over
into
the
Ditch
,
where
they
miserably
perished
:
And
the
Bassa
sore
Gauled
by
the
Flankers
was
forced
to
retire
,
though
not
without
great
slaughter
of
his
Men
,
who
lay
on
heaps
in
the
Ditch
and
Breaches
,
which
Solyman
perceiving
caused
the
retreat
to
be
sounded
;
in
this
Assault
,
by
the
Valour
of
the
Christians
,
20000
Turks
fell
,
which
so
grieved
Solyman
,
that
in
a
great
rage
he
Commanded
Mustapha
Bassa
,
the
first
mover
of
the
War
to
be
slain
,
as
likewise
Pyrrhus
Bassa
,
for
daring
to
intreat
for
him
;
but
upon
the
humble
Supplication
of
his
Men
of
War
on
their
behalf
,
he
remitted
the
Execution
of
the
Sentence
,
but
would
not
for
a
long
time
receive
them
into
Favour
.
He
also
Commanded
the
Admiral
of
his
Gallies
to
be
put
to
Death
,
for
suffering
Provision
to
be
carried
by
Sea
into
the
City
;
but
at
the
intreaty
of
Achmetes
his
Life
was
spared
,
but
he
not
absolutely
pardoned
;
for
being
set
upon
the
Stern
of
his
Ship
,
he
there
as
a
Slave
by
the
Commandment
of
Solyman
received
100
Stripes
,
and
so
much
was
the
Tyrant
grieved
for
the
re-ite-rated
losses
sustained
in
that
Siege
,
that
he
was
about
to
have
raised
his
Camp
and
returned
to
Constantinople
,
the
which
he
had
done
,
had
not
Achmetes
Bassa
perswaded
him
to
the
contrary
,
by
Promsing
to
make
him
speedily
a
way
into
the
City
;
at
which
he
taking
Courage
again
heartned
his
Men
to
continue
the
Siege
,
whose
Resolutions
had
long
before
fainted
;
upon
which
Achmetes
to
make
good
his
Promise
,
assailed
with
all
the
Forces
under
his
Command
,
the
Vamures
of
the
Avergnon
Station
,
the
which
although
they
were
not
high
,
were
valiantly
defended
by
the
Rhodians
;
yet
the
Turks
Power
increasing
,
they
were
at
last
taken
,
and
a
great
Pent-House
claped
to
the
Wall
,
to
secure
the
besiegers
from
the
Shot
of
the
besieged
,
notwithstanding
Persanes
a
notable
Engineer
caused
such
abundance
of
Wild-Fire
,
Pitch
,
Tar
,
Lead
,
hot
Ashes
,
and
Water
to
be
thrown
on
them
,
that
they
were
forced
to
retire
;
but
such
was
the
miserable
Condition
of
the
Turkish
Soldiers
,
that
they
were
forced
back
again
by
their
Commanders
,
even
into
the
mouth
of
Slaughter
,
or
else
by
them
slain
as
Cowards
,
or
Flyers
;
yet
for
all
they
could
do
,
the
Rhodians
forced
them
to
retire
in
great
disorder
,
which
inraged
Solyman
even
to
Madness
,
but
perceiving
that
his
Honour
lay
at
Stake
,
he
again
by
many
perswasive
Arguments
prevailed
with
them
,
to
give
another
Assault
,
promising
them
great
Rewards
if
they
prevailed
,
and
threatning
those
with
Death
,
that
should
be
remiss
in
the
performance
of
their
Duty
,
which
either
,
through
Hopes
or
Fear
Animated
them
to
another
Assault
,
but
with
no
better
success
then
before
;
for
being
miserably
rent
by
the
murthering
Shot
from
the
Flankers
and
Countermurers
,
they
were
forced
to
retire
leaving
Piles
of
their
Dead
in
the
Breach
and
Ditch
;
and
now
being
altogether
heartless
,
yet
extreamly
vexed
that
they
should
be
foiled
with
a
handful
of
Men
,
they
resolved
for
the
futere
to
be
the
more
wary
,
and
rather
to
tire
the
Rhodians
with
continual
Alarums
then
venture
upon
them
,
when
in
the
mean
time
they
set
their
Pioneers
at
work
,
to
make
way
through
the
Breach
deep
in
the
Ground
,
and
for
their
defence
turned
their
great
Artillery
upon
it
,
to
prevent
the
Rhodians
Sallying
,
and
with
their
multitude
proved
therein
so
successful
,
that
in
a
short
time
they
had
gained
within
the
City
200
paces
in
breadth
,
and
150
in
length
;
yet
durst
not
Sally
out
to
Scale
the
Countermurers
,
which
the
Rhodians
had
made
of
the
Houses
beaten
down
by
the
Turks
Shot
,
which
Solyman
perceiving
at
the
instance
of
Achmetes
,
caused
a
parley
to
be
offered
;
offering
many
reasonable
Conditions
,
if
the
Rhodians
would
at
length
surrender
the
almost
ruined
City
;
but
,
and
in
Order
thereto
sent
Hieronymus
Monelia
a
Genoway
,
who
having
procured
safe
Conduct
,
would
not
deliver
his
Message
but
to
some
particular
men
,
which
so
incensed
the
Knights
of
the
Order
,
who
now
had
set
down
a
Resolution
to
dye
in
defence
of
the
City
;
that
one
Franciscus
Farnovius
a
French
Knight
of
singular
Valour
,
bent
his
Piece
against
him
,
and
would
not
suffer
him
to
do
his
Message
;
but
the
Citizens
hearing
there
were
Terms
of
Life
and
Liberty
offered
by
the
insulting
Tyrant
,
came
to
the
House
of
the
great
Master
,
and
beseeched
him
to
take
pitty
on
them
,
their
Wives
and
Children
,
and
that
since
he
well
saw
that
the
City
was
not
long
tenable
,
he
would
in
time
provide
for
their
safety
,
and
not
expose
them
to
the
Fury
of
their
Merciless
Enemies
;
whereat
the
great
Master
,
a
man
of
singular
Piety
,
as
well
as
Warlike
Ardour
,
being
moved
to
Compassion
sent
Antonius
Groleus
,
and
Robartus
Barusinus
his
Ambassadors
to
Solyman
,
having
first
received
Pledges
for
their
safe
return
,
who
coming
into
the
Emperors
Presence
,
told
him
that
they
were
sent
to
know
for
what
cause
he
had
sent
to
require
Parly
,
who
in
a
fuming
heat
as
if
he
had
been
Ignorant
of
the
matter
said
,
there
was
no
such
thing
offered
,
and
thereupon
Commanding
them
presently
to
avoid
his
Camp
,
sent
them
away
with
Letters
to
the
great
Master
and
Citizens
to
this
Effect
.
If
I
had
not
Compassion
of
human
Infirmities
,
which
often
times
tumbleth
Head-long
mens
Ambitions
,
and
haughty
minds
into
most
dangerous
and
unnecessary
Mischiefs
;
truly
I
would
not
have
directed
to
you
these
Letters
at
this
time
,
but
as
you
have
well
deserved
,
persecute
you
with
Death
,
and
most
Miserable
Servitude
,
which
how
easie
a
thing
it
were
for
me
to
do
,
you
your selves
know
,
but
having
now
sufficiently
tryed
my
force
,
if
you
be
wise
make
proof
of
my
Clemency
,
you
have
already
satisfyed
your
own
fury
,
your
own
mad
humour
:
Therefore
now
advise
your selves
,
lay
your
Hands
upon
your
Hearts
,
and
without
delay
yield
your selves
,
as
I
command
your
Lives
,
I
give
you
your
Wealth
,
and
more
then
that
your
choice
to
tarry
there
still
or
depart
,
refuse
not
the
Grace
freely
Offered
,
which
was
of
you
to
have
been
most
heartily
desired
;
it
shall
not
be
always
Lawful
(
as
at
this
present
)
to
make
choice
of
both
,
&c.
Upon
the
return
of
the
Ambassadors
,
the
Citizens
of
all
sorts
flocked
together
,
to
the
Great
Masters
House
,
standing
near
the
Breach
to
implore
him
to
accept
of
any
Reasonable
terms
,
who
after
he
had
dismissed
the
Multitude
,
calling
to
him
the
Knights
of
the
Order
,
and
chief
Citizens
,
after
the
Letters
read
,
he
expressed
himself
after
this
manner
.
You
heard
(
sacred
Fellows
in
Arms
,
and
Valiant
Citizens
of
Rhodes
)
these
imperious
and
sorrowful
Letters
,
whereunto
how
we
are
to
answer
,
requireth
no
great
deliberation
;
we
must
as
resolute
men
either
yield
or
dye
,
all
hopes
of
Victory
is
gone
,
except
forrain
aid
come
speedily
to
our
Succour
;
wherefore
if
you
will
follow
my
Counsel
,
let
us
with
Weapons
in
our
Hands
until
the
last
Gasp
and
spending
the
last
drop
of
our
Blood
like
Valiant
men
,
defend
our
Faith
and
Nobility
,
received
from
our
Ancestors
,
and
the
honour
which
we
have
of
long
time
gotten
,
both
at
home
and
abroad
,
and
let
it
never
be
said
that
our
honour
dyed
but
with
our selves
.
This
Speech
was
approved
of
by
all
the
Knights
of
the
Order
,
and
most
of
the
Soldiers
,
but
the
Citizens
looking
back
upon
their
Wives
,
Children
,
and
Wealth
,
stood
mute
for
a
good
while
,
but
at
length
Pity
working
in
their
Brest
,
they
humbly
besought
the
Great
Master
;
that
he
would
yet
have
Compassion
on
them
,
and
accept
of
the
Tyrants
reasonable
Conditions
,
since
Fame
sufficient
had
been
won
by
their
doing
all
that
men
were
capable
of
performing
,
and
that
they
would
yet
hazard
their
Lives
to
the
utmost
,
if
they
perceived
any
hopes
of
defending
the
City
,
or
that
any
forain
aid
in
time
would
come
to
their
assistance
,
but
since
neither
of
them
were
to
be
expected
it
was
but
reasonable
to
yield
to
inevitable
necessity
.
After
these
and
many
the
like
Arguments
,
and
others
of
the
resolute
Soldiers
,
and
Commanders
on
the
contrary
,
it
was
concluded
that
the
City
was
not
capable
of
being
defended
by
so
small
a
Power
,
against
such
a
numerous
Army
,
whereupon
Messengers
were
sent
to
require
a
Truce
for
4
Days
,
which
was
accordingly
granted
,
during
which
time
the
Turks
presuming
on
the
Truce
,
came
in
great
number
to
View
the
Works
,
at
which
Fornovius
a
French
man
being
greatly
offended
,
in
a
great
heat
without
any
command
from
the
Great
Master
,
caused
a
Fire
of
Artillery
to
be
discharged
amongst
the
thickest
of
them
;
whereupon
they
pretending
a
Breach
of
Truce
on
the
part
of
the
Rhodians
,
thrust
in
at
the
Breach
in
great
Troops
,
but
after
a
sharp
Skirmish
were
forced
to
retire
,
in
revenge
whereof
one
of
the
Turks
Fencers
having
taken
3
Christians
,
cut
off
their
Hands
,
Noses
and
Ears
,
and
in
that
posture
sent
them
into
the
City
,
threatning
within
4
Days
to
serve
the
Great
Master
after
the
same
manner
;
yet
Solyman
dissembling
the
matter
,
signed
and
swore
to
the
Articles
of
Peace
brought
to
him
for
that
purpose
by
Nicholas
Vergotus
,
and
Georgius
Sandriticus
,
which
were
to
this
Effect
;
That
the
Churches
should
remain
unto
the
Christians
inviolate
,
that
no
Children
should
be
taken
from
their
Parents
,
or
any
Christians
be
inforced
to
imbrace
the
Mahometan
Superstition
:
That
such
Christians
as
were
Contented
to
remain
in
the
City
,
might
so
do
at
their
Pleasure
,
and
that
such
as
would
depart
,
might
have
Liberty
so
to
do
with
all
their
Substance
,
to
be
furnished
with
Convenient
Shipping
,
Provision
,
and
Ordnance
as
far
as
Creet
,
that
the
Christians
should
appoint
a
reasonable
Day
for
their
Departure
,
and
that
in
Consideration
thereof
,
the
City
to
be
delivered
up
to
such
as
Solyman
should
appoint
to
take
Possession
thereof
.
Upon
the
afore-mentioned
Articles
,
though
they
were
not
all
observed
by
the
Turks
;
the
City
was
delivered
up
Anno
1522.
after
it
had
indured
six
Months
Siege
,
and
cost
Solyman
the
Lives
of
80000
of
his
Soldiers
,
having
been
in
the
Possession
of
the
Knights
of
the
Order
214
years
:
Upon
which
the
great
Master
being
for
his
Gravity
,
Virtue
,
and
Valour
highly
Honoured
,
and
applauded
by
the
Conqueror
imbarked
(
together
with
the
Knights
of
his
Order
,
and
such
others
as
would
accompany
him
)
and
the
Gallies
for
that
purpose
ready
in
the
Port
,
and
sailed
to
Mesina
,
where
he
was
joyfully
received
,
and
after
invited
to
the
Courts
of
most
of
the
Christian
Princes
,
having
with
Indignation
refused
Solyman's
great
Offer
made
to
him
,
provided
he
would
have
accompanied
him
to
Constantinople
,
and
have
spent
the
remainder
of
his
Days
in
his
Service
.
And
thus
for
want
of
Relief
(
the
Christian
Princes
at
that
time
being
at
Variance
amongst
themselves
)
the
famous
Rhodes
was
lost
,
where
Solyman
having
stayed
awhile
to
settle
his
Affairs
appointed
a
Governour
,
and
so
breaking
up
his
Army
returned
to
Constantinople
,
where
for
the
space
of
three
years
he
lived
Peaceably
,
giving
himself
up
to
all
manner
of
Pleasures
;
but
at
the
end
thereof
perceiving
the
Discord
amongst
the
Christian
Princes
,
managed
by
Pope
Adrian
the
sixth
to
grow
hot
(
a
fatal
over-sight
that
ever
gave
the
Ottoman
Kings
and
Emperors
opportunity
of
extending
their
Dominions
)
he
conceived
it
best
to
fish
in
troubled
waters
,
and
thereupon
raising
an
Army
of
200000
Horse
and
Foot
;
he
fell
like
a
Tempest
upon
Hungary
,
subduing
all
before
him
till
he
came
within
sight
of
the
Walls
of
their
chief
City
,
at
what
time
Lewis
the
young
King
perswaded
thereto
by
Tomoreus
a
Fryer
,
who
assured
him
of
the
Victory
,
and
several
other
rash
Counsellors
,
not
regarding
those
of
more
Gravity
,
that
diswaded
him
from
so
rash
an
Attempt
;
with
an
Army
of
scarce
30000
raw
Soldiers
gave
him
Battle
,
but
was
overthrown
with
miserable
Slaughter
of
his
men
,
and
himself
seeking
to
escape
,
passing
over
a
Fenny
Ditch
his
Horse
fell
backwards
,
upon
which
,
he
was
loaden
with
his
Armor
,
and
none
coming
to
his
Relief
,
he
was
smothered
in
the
Water
and
Mud
:
In
this
Battle
fought
on
the
29.
of
October
Anno
1526.
perished
most
of
the
Hungarian
Nobility
,
and
well
near
all
the
Common
Soldiers
.
After
this
great
great
Victory
obtained
,
Solyman
having
most
of
the
strong
Cities
delivered
into
his
Possession
;
gave
the
Kingdom
to
Joannes
Sepusius
Vayvod
of
Transilvania
,
and
taking
with
him
such
things
of
Price
as
he
thought
convenient
,
leaving
two
of
his
Bassas
with
flying
Armies
on
the
Frontiers
,
he
returned
to
Constantinople
,
but
he
was
no
sooner
departed
and
John
Crowned
by
the
Consent
of
the
remainder
of
the
Hungarian
Nobility
(
who
durst
do
no
other
for
fear
of
the
Turks
)
but
Ferdinand
King
of
Bohemia
laid
Claim
to
the
Kingdom
,
and
to
make
his
Title
more
apparent
,
sent
his
Ambassadors
to
the
Courts
of
divers
Christian
Princes
,
to
declare
from
whom
he
derived
his
Claim
;
when
aided
by
Charles
the
Emperor
his
Brother
,
he
entered
Hungary
with
a
great
Army
,
and
without
any
considerable
Resistance
took
the
strong
City
of
Buda
;
at
what
time
many
of
the
Hungarians
joyned
with
him
,
as
not
in
the
least
favouring
John
;
so
that
fearing
delays
might
be
dangerous
,
he
caused
his
Army
under
the
leading
of
his
expert
Captains
to
pass
over
the
River
Tibiscus
upon
a
Bridge
of
Boats
,
and
marched
directly
to
the
Cattle
of
Tocai
,
where
King
John
lay
with
his
Army
;
where
the
Battle
being
joyned
after
a
sharp
Dispute
,
the
Victory
fell
to
Ferdinand
;
when
as
King
John
seeing
all
lost
and
past
recovery
,
fled
with
several
of
his
trusty
Followers
into
Polonia
;
upon
whose
departure
Ferdinand
by
the
advice
of
such
Hungarians
as
favoured
his
Cause
,
was
Crowned
King
at
Alba-Regalis
the
usual
place
for
the
Coronation
of
the
Hungarian
Kings
:
Whereupon
having
disposed
all
things
to
the
best
advantage
,
and
appointing
Stephanus
Bator
his
Vice-Roy
,
hereturned
into
Bohemia
.
King
John
by
the
means
aforesaid
thrust
of
his
Kingdom
,
grew
extreme
impatient
,
and
often
consulted
with
Sigismond
King
of
Polonia
to
re-in-throne
him
in
his
Kingdom
,
offering
to
bear
the
Charge
of
the
War
;
but
the
Pole
being
already
in
League
with
Ferdinand
,
would
not
seem
unless
underhand
to
favour
John
,
but
wished
him
to
take
counsel
with
Hieronymus
Lascus
a
great
Politician
,
what
was
best
to
be
done
in
his
Affairs
,
the
which
Lascus
advised
him
to
crave
Aid
of
Solyman
now
at
Leasure
to
assist
him
;
and
urged
so
many
Reasons
for
it
,
that
he
was
content
to
send
him
his
Ambassador
to
Constantinople
,
who
there
with
Treasure
and
fair
Speeches
,
so
allured
the
Bassas
of
the
Court
to
second
him
in
his
Request
,
that
Solyman
promised
again
to
enter
Hungaria
with
a
puissant
Army
,
and
by
the
Insinuation
of
this
sly
Councellor
,
that
when
King
Ferdinand
sent
Ambassadors
to
him
,
to
make
out
his
Title
,
by
which
he
laid
Claim
to
the
Kingdom
,
he
would
scarcely
give
them
Audience
;
and
when
he
did
,
instead
of
an
Answer
to
their
Ambassy
,
he
Herauld-like
denounced
against
their
King
,
all
the
Calamities
that
attend
on
War
,
and
so
commanded
speedily
to
depart
the
City
;
all
which
upon
their
Arrival
at
Vienna
,
they
made
known
to
the
Kings
Lieutenant
,
who
was
so
far
from
believing
them
,
that
he
looked
upon
them
as
vain
and
idle
Tale-bearers
,
which
they
perceiving
hasted
to
the
King
at
Spires
,
who
then
was
Labouring
to
get
himself
chosen
King
of
the
Romans
,
and
declared
to
him
all
they
had
in
Charge
:
Whereupon
he
well
knowing
,
that
the
Turk
desirous
of
Glory
,
and
the
inlarging
of
his
Dominions
,
seldom
broke
his
Word
on
such
occasions
;
he
put
all
his
Forces
in
a
readiness
,
earnestly
,
both
in
Person
and
by
his
Ambassadours
,
craved
Aid
of
the
German
Princes
for
the
Defence
of
his
Kingdom
of
Hungary
,
against
the
common
Enemy
;
but
his
Brother
Charles
having
his
hands
full
of
his
Wars
in
Italy
,
and
he
wanting
Money
to
raise
a
sufficient
Army
to
fight
so
powerful
an
Enemy
,
was
forced
to
suffer
him
without
Controul
to
enter
Hungaria
,
for
fear
of
whom
the
Citizens
of
Buda
mostly
fled
to
Strigonium
,
Alba-Regalis
,
and
Possonium
:
So
that
marching
from
Belgrade
(
where
King
John
came
to
wait
upon
him
,
and
received
a
Confirmation
of
the
Promise
he
had
made
to
Lascus
,
of
restoring
him
to
the
Kingdom
of
Hungary
)
he
came
before
it
,
and
had
it
yeilded
with
little
or
no
Resistance
,
as
likewise
the
strong
Castle
,
though
contrary
to
the
Will
of
the
Captain
,
yet
contrary
to
his
Promise
,
he
caused
all
that
were
found
in
the
latter
to
be
put
to
the
Sword
,
except
the
Captain
,
whom
the
Soldiers
had
cast
in
Bonds
,
for
refusing
to
joyn
with
them
in
their
treacherous
delivery
of
that
strong
Piece
.
Buda
taken
most
of
the
other
Cities
of
Hungary
surrendred
;
whereupon
he
resolved
to
invade
Austria
,
a
part
of
King
Ferdinands
other
Dominions
,
in
Order
to
which
he
sent
Achometes
Bassa
with
the
voluntary
Horsemen
,
who
running
through
the
Heart
of
Hungary
,
entring
into
Austria
with
Fire
and
Sword
passed
by
Vienna
,
miserably
burning
and
destroying
the
Country
before
them
,
even
as
far
as
Lyntz
,
driving
the
Country
People
like
Sheep
,
deflowring
Vigins
,
riping
up
Women
alive
,
dashing
Infants
against
the
Rocks
,
with
all
other
imaginable
Cruelties
;
after
whom
Solyman
followed
with
the
gross
of
his
Army
,
consisting
of
500000
Horse
and
Foot
,
as
many
Writers
affirm
,
who
by
the
way
having
taken
the
Castle
of
Altenbury
,
and
in
vain
assaulted
Neapolis
;
he
came
before
the
great
City
of
Vienna
,
and
incamped
about
it
in
five
places
,
covering
the
Ground
with
his
Tents
,
and
the
multitude
of
his
People
8
miles
in
Circumference
.
So
that
Fredrick
Count
Palatine
of
the
Rhine
,
and
Duke
of
Bavaria
General
of
King
Ferdinand's
Forces
,
not
being
able
to
get
into
the
City
with
his
Army
sent
for
that
purpose
,
was
forced
to
stay
at
Chremse
;
yet
was
his
Nephew
Philip
the
Palsgrave
,
a
little
before
the
coming
of
Solyman
to
the
great
joy
of
the
Citizens
,
entered
with
several
Troops
of
valiant
Horsemen
,
as
likewise
Nicholas
Count
of
Salma
,
the
Lord
William
Regendorf
Steward
of
the
Kings
houshold
,
Johannes
Cazzianer
,
Nicholaus
Turianus
,
Johannes
Hardecus
,
Leonardus
Vels●●s
,
Hector
Ramsack
with
divers
others
,
all
men
of
great
Experience
and
Valour
,
and
daring
Resolution
;
yet
was
the
City
but
badly
defended
with
a
Brick
Wall
,
without
Grafts
or
Flankers
,
the
Ditch
altogether
dry
,
and
although
at
that
time
there
were
found
400
Pieces
of
Ordnance
,
yet
they
could
find
means
to
mount
no
more
then
a
100
,
notwithstanding
the
Citizens
and
Soldiers
used
all
diligence
,
in
raising
Rampires
,
and
Barocading
the
Gates
,
unless
those
they
reserved
to
Sally
at
,
and
by
the
Command
of
the
Governour
every
man
was
assigned
his
Quarter
,
keeping
strict
Watch
upon
the
Walls
,
to
prevent
the
Enemies
approach
,
for
that
the
Bulwarks
were
not
of
Considerable
strength
:
The
Count
of
Salma
,
and
the
Lord
Regendorf
,
walking
hourly
from
one
place
to
another
,
to
see
all
things
put
in
a
posture
of
defence
,
the
Citizens
laboured
continually
in
strengthening
the
Fortifications
,
and
raising
Batteries
,
whereon
to
plant
such
Pieces
as
lay
useless
,
for
want
of
where
to
mount
them
:
they
made
likewise
divers
Fire-works
,
and
continually
kept
Coppers
of
Tar
,
Pitch
,
Rosin
,
Oyl
,
and
scalding
Water
,
in
a
readiness
to
pour
upon
the
Enemy
,
by
that
means
to
prevent
their
Scaling
the
Walls
,
every
one
from
the
greatest
to
the
least
,
expressing
a
Cheerfulness
for
the
defence
of
this
place
,
the
Metropolis
of
Austria
,
and
chief
Hope
of
the
German
Empire
,
which
the
Turks
conceived
so
Considerable
,
that
they
doubted
not
,
but
it
won
,
all
Austria
,
Stiria
,
and
Corinthia
,
would
be
soon
at
their
Devotion
.
The
City
by
this
time
strengthened
and
provided
,
of
many
necessary
for
a
strenuous
Defence
;
Messengeres
were
sent
to
Count
Fredrick
to
draw
near
with
his
Army
,
the
more
to
terrifie
and
amaze
the
Enemy
,
whose
numerous
Camp
could
not
long
subsist
,
if
supplies
of
Provision
were
cut
off
;
upon
the
Arrival
of
the
Messenger
,
the
Count
highly
approved
of
the
Resolution
of
the
besieged
,
and
declared
he
would
be
always
at
hand
,
and
omit
no
Indeavours
to
succour
them
,
admonishing
the
Messenger
to
remember
him
to
his
fellow
Soldiers
,
and
in
his
Name
intreat
them
to
play
the
Men
,
for
the
defence
of
the
Christian
Religion
,
and
Glory
of
the
German
Nation
,
whose
Ruin
the
Infidels
sought
;
and
so
with
several
presents
,
he
dismissed
the
Messenger
,
who
returning
related
what
he
had
in
Charge
:
Whereupon
the
Lord
Regendorf
assembled
all
the
chief
Commanders
,
and
principal
Citizens
,
and
with
an
undaunted
Courage
,
made
this
short
Oration
.
Christians
and
fellow
Soldiers
,
the
time
is
now
come
,
wherein
we
are
to
fight
under
the
Banner
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ
,
whom
these
barbarous
Nations
have
defied
,
let
us
then
shew
forth
our
Courage
to
the
utmost
,
even
in
the
Mouth
of
Slaughter
;
let
not
Death
nor
Danger
terrifie
us
,
since
we
fight
in
a
good
Cause
,
even
for
our
Religion
,
our
Lives
,
our
Wives
,
Children
,
and
all
that
we
hold
dear
,
for
what
it
can
be
but
Ambition
,
and
thirst
of
Christian
Blood
,
that
drew
this
Bloody
Monster
with
his
numerous
Host
,
from
such
remote
Countries
:
Therefore
I
say
,
rather
let
us
dye
like
Men
,
fighting
it
out
to
the
last
Drop
of
Blood
,
then
yield
our selves
to
these
Barbarous
Infidels
,
who
know
not
how
to
shew
Mercy
,
whose
Leagues
,
Vows
,
and
Solemn
Protestations
are
all
but
Wind
,
kept
no
longer
then
they
prove
Advantagious
to
themselves
;
I
for
my
part
,
have
fixed
my
unalterable
Resolution
to
defend
this
Place
to
the
last
Gasp
,
resolving
not
to
survive
its
loss
.
This
Oration
spoken
with
great
Earnestness
,
plainly
Demonstrating
the
Zeal
of
a
brave
General
,
was
seconded
with
loud
shouts
,
every
one
promising
to
Live
and
Dye
with
him
in
the
defence
of
the
City
:
Whereupon
it
was
resolved
,
that
the
next
Morning
a
Sally
should
be
made
upon
the
Enemies
,
to
give
them
a
Taste
of
Christian
Valour
,
and
how
little
they
valued
their
Lives
fighting
in
so
good
a
Cause
;
whereupon
every
one
being
dismissed
went
to
his
Quarters
,
to
give
necessary
Orders
,
and
take
a
View
how
the
Turks
lay
incamped
,
whose
multitude
covered
all
the
Hills
and
Plains
before
the
City
.
The
Watch
being
set
,
the
General
went
round
the
City
,
attended
by
several
Officers
;
Carefully
to
survey
each
Quarter
,
and
to
see
that
none
neglected
his
Duty
;
so
that
all
things
being
in
good
Order
,
about
Midnight
six
Reigments
drew
up
with
a
Resolution
to
fall
upon
the
Enemies
Camp
,
but
whilst
Orders
were
in
giving
,
in
what
manner
they
should
make
their
approach
,
a
Christian
Captive
having
made
his
escape
from
the
Turks
,
came
running
almost
breathless
,
and
begged
to
be
received
into
the
City
:
Whereupon
the
Soldiers
drew
him
up
with
a
Pike
,
who
being
questioned
about
the
state
of
the
Turkish
Camp
declared
,
that
every
night
since
they
came
forty
thousand
men
were
driven
up
in
Battalia
,
to
Guard
the
Camp
;
which
was
not
as
yet
well
intrenched
,
upon
notice
of
which
the
General
changed
his
Resolution
as
to
the
Sally
.
During
the
preparation
within
Solyman
was
not
idle
,
(
having
sworn
to
carry
the
City
by
force
e're
he
departed
,
if
he
could
not
have
it
otherwise
)
but
appointed
to
every
man
his
station
,
dividing
his
Army
under
Ibrahim
the
Great
Bassa
,
Michael
Ogli
and
Becrambeius
,
so
that
all
things
being
in
a
readiness
,
many
salleys
were
made
by
the
Christians
with
great
slaughter
of
the
Enemies
though
the
Asapi
and
Janizaries
from
their
Trenches
poured
showers
of
Arrows
into
the
City
,
for
as
yet
the
Turks
great
Artillery
were
not
come
up
the
Danubius
,
but
were
dayly
expected
;
of
which
Wolfgangus
Hoder
a
Valiant
Captain
understanding
by
several
Turkish
Prisoners
sailed
out
of
the
Bay
of
Possonium
,
and
meeting
with
the
Turks
Galleys
,
sunk
those
in
which
the
Ordinance
were
,
taking
a
great
Booty
,
of
which
Solyman
having
notice
,
was
greatly
inraged
,
and
finding
that
his
small
pieces
did
little
other
damage
than
beat
down
the
battlements
,
and
over-jets
made
of
wood
in
stead
of
Flankers
,
he
caused
the
Miners
to
be
set
to
the
Wall
,
but
this
their
chief
hope
which
with
wonderful
labour
attempted
in
thirteen
places
at
once
,
was
not
so
secretly
done
,
but
that
it
was
by
Drums
layed
upon
the
Ground
,
Basons
filled
with
Water
,
and
deep
sounds
perceived
by
the
defendants
,
who
with
Countermines
not
only
defeated
many
of
them
,
but
destroyed
in
them
by
Wild-fire
,
and
other
Combustible
matter
Eight
Thousand
Turks
,
when
to
prevent
such
discovery
,
Solyman
commanded
continual
Alarums
should
be
given
,
that
so
the
Christians
being
imployed
in
defending
the
Walls
,
might
not
regard
the
Miners
which
succeeded
so
to
his
wish
,
that
a
great
part
of
the
Wall
near
the
Gate
that
leadeth
towards
Carinthia
was
thrown
down
by
the
springing
of
a
Mine
;
at
which
the
Turks
in
great
numbers
indeavouring
to
enter
,
were
miserably
cut
off
with
the
Murthering
shot
bent
against
the
breach
for
the
purpose
;
which
no
sooner
ceased
,
but
they
were
furiously
charged
by
the
Germans
;
and
in
despite
of
all
resistance
beaten
back
with
incredible
slaughter
:
Not
long
after
,
the
Wall
being
blown
up
in
two
other
places
,
they
again
attempted
to
enter
;
but
were
repulsed
as
before
,
leaving
heaps
of
slain
in
the
Breaches
,
and
Ditch
;
nor
was
their
third
Assault
any
more
successful
;
so
that
after
three
hours
withstanding
the
fury
of
the
resolute
Defendants
,
they
retired
to
the
Camp
Ten
Thousand
less
than
they
came
.
A
while
after
,
the
Lord
Regendorfe
perceiving
the
Turks
by
parties
scatter
from
their
Camp
,
came
with
a
Company
of
German
Horse
,
set
upon
a
Party
of
Five
Thousand
Three
Hundred
with
such
slaughter
,
that
not
above
One
Hundred
and
Forty
of
them
returned
to
tell
the
News
:
Nor
did
other
Commanders
of
the
besieged
less
indamage
the
Enemies
by
frequent
Salleys
,
which
so
inraged
the
Tyrant
,
that
he
animated
to
a
fourth
Assault
,
promising
them
great
rewards
if
they
prevailed
,
which
so
far
prevailed
with
them
,
that
they
resolved
amongst
themselves
either
to
win
the
City
,
or
dye
in
the
undertaking
;
but
when
they
felt
the
shot
from
the
besieged
like
a
tempest
fall
on
them
,
they
were
of
a
different
opinion
,
so
that
leaving
many
Thousands
of
the
slain
and
wounded
behind
them
,
they
retire
to
the
Camp
;
which
Solyman
perceiving
,
and
fretting
that
his
Honour
had
so
much
suffered
by
so
great
a
loss
of
his
Men
,
and
so
many
Repulses
,
dissembled
the
matter
as
well
as
he
could
,
and
that
the
Germans
should
not
suppose
he
raised
his
siege
,
because
he
despaired
of
winning
it
;
he
caused
several
Prisoners
to
be
richly
cloathed
,
and
giving
them
store
of
Money
,
sent
them
into
the
City
to
inform
the
Commanders
that
he
came
not
to
take
the
City
of
Vienna
,
but
to
fight
King
Ferdinand
,
and
restore
the
Kingdom
of
Hungaria
to
King
John
:
therefore
since
he
could
not
draw
his
Enemy
into
the
Field
to
give
him
Battle
,
he
would
remove
thence
to
seek
him
,
wherefore
they
should
do
well
to
yield
themselves
;
the
which
if
they
would
,
he
promised
not
to
enter
into
the
City
,
but
to
receive
both
the
Citizens
and
Souldiers
into
his
protection
,
reserving
unto
'um
their
Lives
and
Goods
with
perpetual
freedom
,
which
offer
coming
to
the
knowledge
of
the
Princes
and
great
Captains
of
the
Christians
scornfully
refused
,
whereupon
the
Imperious
Turk
perceiving
his
desires
not
answered
as
he
expected
,
having
caused
all
the
Prisoners
to
be
murthered
,
in
a
great
heat
raised
his
siege
and
departed
,
not
staying
till
he
came
to
Buda
,
where
having
restored
the
Kingdom
to
John
in
consideration
of
his
becoming
his
Tributary
,
he
returned
to
Constantinople
,
yet
plotting
in
his
mind
to
disturb
the
Christians
,
and
revenge
the
disgrace
he
had
received
before
at
Vienna
,
the
next
year
,
viz
,
1530
,
he
leavyed
an
Army
greater
than
the
former
,
purposing
with
himself
to
over-run
Austria
,
Carinthia
,
Styria
,
and
most
part
of
the
German
Empire
;
to
effect
which
,
he
allowed
three
years
,
but
was
altogether
deceived
in
his
expectation
:
for
Charles
the
Emperor
having
ended
his
Wars
in
Italy
,
was
now
at
leisure
to
attend
upon
the
Insolent
Turk
;
who
calling
together
his
Valiant
Captains
,
sent
them
into
Spain
,
Italy
,
Flanders
,
and
other
Countreys
to
leavy
Forces
,
which
they
did
in
such
abundance
to
oppose
the
common
Enemy
,
that
upon
the
Muster
of
the
Army
there
were
found
Ninety
Thousand
old
experienced
Foot
Souldiers
,
and
Thirty
Thousand
Horsemen
well
appointed
,
all
the
flower
●●●ermany
,
Italy
,
Bohemia
,
and
Hungaria
,
as
likewise
One
Hundred
and
Forty
Thousand
of
less
experience
,
the
whole
Army
consisting
of
One
Hundred
and
Sixty
Thousand
Men
;
the
approach
of
which
so
terrified
Solyman
,
that
after
he
had
in
vain
besieged
Gonza
,
and
harazed
the
Countrey
,
though
with
the
loss
of
Ten
Tousand
of
his
Men
,
he
returned
to
Constantinople
,
carrying
with
him
into
miserable
Captivity
Thirty
Thousand
poor
Christians
taken
in
divers
Countries
through
which
he
passed
,
and
to
appease
his
fury
,
put
no
less
a
number
to
the
Sword
.
And
now
had
the
Christian
Army
,
composed
of
divers
Nations
,
pursued
the
Turk
by
Land
and
Sea
,
as
the
Emperour
earnestly
desired
they
might
have
driven
him
quite
out
of
Europe
;
but
Emulation
arising
amongst
the
Commanders
and
the
Soldiers
,
frequently
mutining
this
great
Army
,
effected
nothing
more
than
to
oblige
Solyman
to
retire
.
The
Empire
mindful
of
the
damage
sustained
by
the
Turks
in
Austria
,
Hungary
,
and
other
Countries
to
revenge
the
same
early
the
spring
following
,
set
forth
a
Fleet
consisting
of
Thirty
Five
great
Ships
,
and
Forty
Eight
Galleys
,
under
the
Conduct
of
Andreas
Aurea
,
a
most
expert
Captain
,
who
sailing
to
the
Bay
of
Ambracia
,
thought
there
to
have
met
with
the
Turks
Admiral
,
who
had
under
his
Command
Sixty
Galleys
,
but
he
having
notice
of
his
coming
from
the
Venetians
,
who
stood
Newters
,
was
sailed
to
the
strong
Haven
of
Calcide
;
whereupon
Auria
directed
his
course
to
Corone
,
a
strong
City
upon
the
Coast
of
Peloponesus
,
and
had
it
yielded
unto
him
upon
condition
that
the
Garison
might
depart
with
bag
and
baggage
;
where
leaving
a
Garrison
of
Spaniards
,
he
sailed
to
Patras
another
City
in
the
same
Tract
;
took
it
,
and
ransacked
it
,
permitting
the
Garrison
nevertheleless
to
march
out
in
safety
;
after
which
,
he
took
all
the
Castles
that
guarded
the
straight
of
Naupactum
without
any
hindrance
,
which
gave
Saluiatus
General
of
the
Malta
Galleys
opportunity
to
waste
the
Coast
of
Corinth
,
and
take
great
booties
;
which
done
,
he
returned
loaden
with
spoils
to
Naples
,
and
from
thence
to
Genoa
the
place
of
his
birth
and
residence
.
The
Turks
grieving
at
their
great
loss
,
early
in
the
Spring
,
Anno
1533
,
lay'd
siege
to
Corone
both
by
Sea
and
Land
;
of
which
Mendoza
the
Governour
by
Letters
advised
the
Vice-Roy
of
Naples
,
craving
speedy
aid
,
with
all
,
assuring
him
,
he
would
defend
the
Town
to
the
utmost
extremity
;
upon
which
,
Auria
was
sent
with
a
well
appointed
Fleet
;
the
terror
of
whose
coming
so
frighted
the
Turks
,
that
they
left
the
siege
,
having
lost
many
Men
before
it
,
and
for
haste
left
all
their
heavy
Carriages
,
which
became
a
Prey
to
the
Garrison
Soldiers
,
which
exalted
their
courage
to
that
degree
,
that
they
requested
Macicaus
the
Governour
to
lead
them
forth
to
the
siege
of
Andrusa
a
Garrison
of
the
Turks
not
far
distant
from
Corone
,
but
their
coming
being
discovered
,
they
could
not
surprize
it
as
they
intended
,
yet
ransacked
the
Suburbs
,
and
made
great
slaughter
of
the
Turk
,
Horsemen
,
quartering
therein
,
though
with
the
loss
of
Macicaus
the
Governour
,
and
divers
others
;
yet
not
long
after
they
took
the
City
,
being
abandoned
by
the
Garrison
as
not
tenable
;
but
upon
their
return
to
Corone
,
the
Plague
began
to
rage
so
fearfully
,
that
fearing
if
they
stay
,
they
should
all
perish
,
and
fit
opportunity
offering
it self
by
reason
of
the
Arrival
of
several
Galleys
from
Sicily
with
Corn
,
all
the
Spaniards
,
together
with
as
many
Greeks
as
would
imbarqued
with
the
Cannon
,
and
what
else
they
thought
convenient
;
leaving
the
Town
to
be
again
possessed
by
the
Turks
,
though
not
without
the
consent
of
the
Emperor
.
Anno
1534
Aloysus
Grittus
,
Son
to
the
Duke
of
Venice
,
and
Solymans
great
Favourite
,
being
by
him
●ade
Leiutenant
of
Hungary
inwardly
envying
at
Ameri●us
Vayvod
of
Transylvania
at
the
instance
of
one
Docia
,
caused
him
to
be
murthered
in
his
Tent
,
which
so
incensed
the
Transylvanians
,
that
they
Arming
themselves
to
the
number
of
Forty
Thousand
,
under
the
Leading
Maylat
,
a
Valiant
Gentleman
,
and
Kinsman
to
the
Vayvod
,
pursued
the
Murtherer
,
who
fled
to
Mega
,
which
the
Transylvanians
besieged
,
and
not
without
great
difficulty
took
,
and
in
it
Aloysus
and
Docia
;
the
former
of
which
they
beheaded
,
and
the
latter
tore
in
pieces
,
taking
the
spoil
of
their
Goods
,
which
was
very
great
;
for
about
Aloysus
were
found
as
many
precious
stones
as
were
esteemed
worth
Forty
Millions
.
Solyman
thirsting
after
Glory
,
and
resolving
not
to
let
his
Soldiers
lye
idle
,
resolved
to
invade
at
once
both
Africk
and
Persia
:
the
charge
of
the
first
he
committed
to
Barbarusa
,
(
who
of
a
poor
Fisher-Boy
became
a
Pirate
,
and
afterward
King
of
Argire
,
and
then
travelling
to
Constantinople
,
was
upon
the
recommendation
of
Achometes
the
Great
Bassa
,
made
one
of
the
Bassas
of
Solymans
Council
.
)
Whereupon
he
caused
all
his
Galleys
to
be
in
a
readiness
,
appointing
the
aforesaid
Barbarusa
Admiral
of
all
his
Sea
Forces
;
who
had
no
sooner
taken
upon
him
the
Command
,
but
sailing
out
of
Hellespontus
with
Eighty
Galleys
,
(
leaving
Amurath
with
twelve
to
transport
Solymans
Army
in
to
Asia
,
)
he
shaped
his
course
for
Italy
,
when
passing
the
Straights
between
Italy
and
Sicily
,
he
brought
such
a
fear
upon
the
Inhabitants
on
either
shoar
,
that
they
fled
with
all
their
substance
further
into
the
Countrey
;
after
which
,
he
layed
siege
to
Saint
Lucidius
,
formerly
called
Tempsas
which
he
took
,
putting
most
of
the
Inhabitants
to
the
Sword
,
from
whence
with
a
rich
booty
,
and
many
Prisoners
,
he
marched
to
Citrarium
,
which
he
took
and
burnt
,
together
with
Seven
Galleys
that
lay
in
the
Port
;
and
so
sailing
by
Naples
,
he
seized
upon
Spelunca
,
from
which
he
marched
over
Land
to
Fundi
,
ten
miles
from
Spelunca
,
on
purpose
as
was
thought
to
have
seized
on
Jula
Gonzaga
,
a
Lady
of
incomparable
Beauty
,
whom
he
intended
to
have
presented
to
Solyman
,
but
she
though
half
naked
getting
on
Horseback
,
fled
to
the
Mountains
,
yet
he
took
the
City
,
and
put
most
of
the
Inhabitants
to
the
Sword
;
and
so
coasting
along
Italy
,
and
taking
many
Cities
,
Towns
,
and
Castles
,
he
brought
such
a
fear
upon
Rome
(
once
Mistress
of
the
World
)
that
many
conjectured
that
if
he
went
directly
thither
with
his
Fleet
,
the
Romans
would
have
forsaken
the
City
;
but
then
contrary
to
the
expectation
of
most
,
he
shaped
his
Course
for
Africk
,
resolving
to
invade
the
Kingdom
of
Tunes
,
over
which
Reigned
one
Muleasses
,
having
a
little
before
stepped
into
the
Throne
,
by
treacherously
causing
to
be
Murthered
all
his
Brethren
,
except
Roscetes
and
Abdemelech
;
the
former
of
which
having
tryed
his
utmost
fortune
for
the
recovery
of
the
Kingdom
,
in
right
appertaining
to
him
as
Elder
Brother
to
Mueasses
,
he
for
his
safety
was
fled
to
Constantinople
,
which
opportunity
Solyman
laying
hold
on
,
to
advantage
his
Wars
in
Africk
,
kept
him
as
a
Prisoner
at
large
,
so
that
Babarussa
landing
,
and
every
where
proclaiming
the
Name
of
Roscetes
,
whom
the
Moors
and
Numidians
greatly
favoured
,
hating
Muleasses
for
his
extraordinary
Tyranny
;
he
had
Biferta
immediately
pat
into
his
possession
,
the
Moors
thinking
,
as
indeed
the
Turks
gave
it
out
,
that
Roscetes
was
in
the
Fleet
,
and
that
the
Turks
had
made
so
great
a
Preparation
to
restore
him
to
his
Fathers
Kingdom
.
Barbarussa
having
secured
Biserta
with
a
strong
Garrison
,
doubling
the
Promontorie
where
old
Carthage
stood
,
came
to
Gulletta
,
a
strong
Castle
standing
within
the
Bay
of
Tunis
,
where
in
token
of
Friendship
he
saluted
it
,
and
had
the
like
returned
;
but
upon
the
requesting
the
surrender
thereof
,
he
was
answered
,
that
it
should
be
alwaies
at
his
Command
,
who
ruled
the
City
of
Tunes
,
so
that
returning
from
thence
,
he
came
before
the
City
,
upon
which
by
the
perswasion
of
such
as
affected
Roscetes
,
Muleasses
fled
with
a
small
number
of
his
Favourites
,
and
for
haste
left
behind
him
most
of
his
Treasure
,
which
afterwards
became
a
prey
to
the
Enemy
;
Muleasses
fled
,
the
people
joyfully
received
Barbarussa
into
Tunes
,
and
with
eager
Eyes
,
and
longing
expectations
,
flockt
into
the
high
streets
to
have
a
sight
of
their
new
King
,
but
when
they
perceived
him
not
,
and
heard
the
Soldiers
in
their
Acclamations
name
none
but
Solyman
and
Barbarussa
,
they
began
to
doubt
as
the
truth
was
that
,
instead
of
their
new
King
,
whom
they
so
much
desired
,
thay
had
received
the
Turkish
Government
,
which
above
all
things
they
utterly
abhorred
;
which
suspicion
once
confirmed
by
several
of
Roscet's
Friends
,
whom
Barbarussa
had
brought
with
him
on
purpose
to
delude
the
people
,
who
grieved
to
see
the
ruine
of
their
Countrey
at
hand
,
for
fear
of
present
danger
did
not
spare
to
tell
their
Friends
and
Acquaintance
,
that
in
vain
they
expected
Roscetes
,
who
remained
in
Bonds
at
Constantinople
,
which
wrought
so
sudden
an
alteration
in
the
minds
of
the
Citizens
,
that
perceiving
themselves
deceived
at
the
instance
of
Abdahar
the
Mesuar
,
or
chief
Magistrate
,
who
had
before
perswaded
Muleasses
to
fly
,
in
hopes
of
bringing
in
Roscetes
,
they
every
where
run
to
their
Arms
,
and
from
all
parts
of
the
City
assailed
the
Turks
,
but
for
the
most
part
being
slightly
Armed
,
and
in
a
tumultuary
disorder
they
were
not
able
to
stand
the
fury
of
the
Harquebusiers
;
but
after
a
long
and
obstinate
Fight
,
wherein
a
great
number
were
killed
on
both
sides
,
they
submitted
themselves
;
of
which
Muleasses
having
notice
,
fled
to
Constantina
,
the
Regal
City
of
Dorax
,
a
Numidian
Prince
his
Kinsman
,
where
he
remained
in
safety
till
the
coming
of
Charles
the
Emperor
into
Africk
,
as
will
appear
in
the
sequel
of
this
History
.
Tunes
thus
taken
,
or
rather
surprized
by
Barbarussa
,
all
the
other
Cities
thereto
appertaining
,
were
won
with
little
difficulty
,
and
annexed
to
the
Turkish
Empire
,
till
they
were
again
sundred
by
the
Germans
,
and
Muleasses
the
Exil'd
King
restored
by
the
Emperor
:
And
in
this
posture
,
leaving
the
Affairs
of
Africk
,
I
shall
take
a
view
of
Solyman's
proceeding
against
the
Persians
.
Hismael
being
dead
,
and
Tamas
his
Son
succeeding
him
,
Ibrahim
the
Great
Bassa
,
who
could
do
all
with
Solyman
,
perswaded
him
that
now
a
fit
opportunity
offered
to
be
revenged
on
the
Persians
,
and
the
rather
by
the
revolt
of
Vlemus
,
a
Noble
Man
of
Persia
,
who
had
Espoused
King
Tama's
Sister
,
who
having
Imbesled
the
Revenues
of
the
Crown
,
for
fear
of
being
called
to
account
for
so
doing
,
was
fled
to
Constantinople
:
But
Solyman's
Mother
,
and
fair
Concubine
Roxolan
greatly
desirous
of
his
Company
,
much
opposed
the
Motion
of
the
Bassa
,
laying
before
Solyman
the
danger
and
inconveniency
of
so
tedious
and
dangerous
an
Expedition
;
but
not
being
able
to
prevail
,
they
ever
after
became
Ibrahim's
Mortal
Enemies
,
not
leaving
to
urge
Solyman
,
till
at
last
he
gave
command
that
he
should
be
murthered
.
Solyman
resolved
upon
an
expedition
against
the
Persian
,
to
revenge
,
as
he
pretended
,
the
manifold
injuries
done
to
his
Grandfather
,
Father
,
and
himself
,
raised
a
great
Army
,
part
of
which
he
sent
before
him
,
under
the
Command
of
Ibrahim
the
Great
Bassa
,
and
Vlemas
the
Fugitive
Persian
,
who
by
hasty
Marches
over
the
Mountains
,
and
along
the
Banks
of
Euphrates
,
that
setting
down
before
the
great
City
Taurus
,
and
the
Citizens
despairing
to
be
relieved
by
their
King
,
he
had
the
City
delivered
into
his
possession
,
of
which
King
Tames
having
notice
,
hasted
thither
with
his
Army
,
but
e're
he
attempt
any
thing
for
the
recovery
thereof
,
Solyman
with
a
great
multitude
of
Soldiers
had
joyned
the
Bassa
,
whereupon
he
thought
it
not
good
to
give
Battle
to
so
powerful
an
Enemy
,
but
to
hover
about
his
Camp
,
and
take
all
advantages
,
well
knowing
such
a
World
of
people
could
not
subsist
,
without
exceeding
store
of
Provisions
and
other
necessaries
;
which
device
of
the
Persian
,
Solyman
well
perceiving
,
left
a
strong
Garrison
in
Taurus
,
and
marched
against
him
,
who
still
retired
before
the
Turks
,
even
to
the
Walls
of
Sultania
;
near
to
which
,
Solyman
pitching
his
Camp
,
lay
many
dayes
to
expect
him
;
during
which
time
,
such
a
horrible
Tempest
arose
,
that
the
Winds
driving
the
Snow
off
from
the
steep
Hills
,
buryed
many
Thousands
of
the
Turks
alive
,
overthrowing
most
of
their
Tents
,
and
although
it
was
but
the
middle
of
September
,
froze
so
hard
,
that
many
were
froze
to
Death
,
others
lost
the
use
of
their
Limbs
,
and
most
of
the
Camels
and
Horses
perished
;
which
bad
Omen
,
together
with
their
Apprehensions
they
had
of
the
approach
of
the
Enemy
,
and
the
horrible
darkness
of
the
Night
,
so
discouraged
the
Soldiers
that
they
would
all
have
fled
,
had
they
known
which
way
.
This
Tempest
they
concluded
to
be
raised
by
the
Persian
Magicians
to
destroy
them
,
but
whether
so
,
or
not
,
it
greatly
discouraged
Solyman
,
so
that
raising
his
Camp
,
he
marched
into
Assyria
,
and
set
down
before
Babylon
now
Bagdat
,
which
being
altogether
unprovided
,
upon
the
flight
of
the
Governour
,
fell
into
his
hands
,
as
likewise
did
most
of
the
Cities
,
both
of
Assyria
and
Mesopotamia
;
and
so
far
extended
the
terror
of
his
Name
;
that
most
of
the
Countreys
round
about
,
sent
their
Embassadors
to
tender
their
subjection
;
and
in
Babylon
he
Wintered
his
Army
,
placing
Governours
in
the
adjacent
Cities
.
And
a
Beglerbeg
,
as
they
proudly
term
him
,
that
is
,
a
Lord
of
Lords
.
In
Babylon
,
and
under
him
,
divers
Sanzacks
,
or
petty
Lords
,
during
his
aboad
here
,
he
also
caused
his
chief
Treasurer
to
be
executed
for
Imbesling
his
Revenues
.
Tamas
the
Persian
King
having
by
this
time
raised
a
considerable
Army
,
marched
to
Tauris
,
at
whose
approach
the
Garrison
fled
;
of
which
Solyman
having
notice
,
and
being
strengthned
with
new
supply
out
of
Egypt
,
Syria
,
Judea
,
and
Comagena
;
he
left
Babylon
,
resolving
to
provoke
the
Persian
to
Battle
,
or
to
sack
his
regal
City
Tauris
before
his
face
,
but
Tames
knowing
himself
too
weak
to
give
him
Battle
,
at
his
approach
drew
out
his
Army
,
and
fled
into
the
Mountains
of
Hyrcania
,
destroying
all
before
him
,
to
prevent
its
falling
into
the
hands
of
his
Enemies
;
upon
whose
departure
,
the
Citizens
opened
their
Gates
to
the
Turks
,
whom
they
were
no
wayes
able
to
resist
:
yet
notwithstanding
,
at
the
Commandment
of
Solyman
,
the
City
was
sacked
,
the
Kings
Palace
,
and
other
stately
Buildings
levelled
with
the
Ground
,
and
a
great
number
of
the
Citizens
lead
into
miserable
Captivity
,
and
thinking
himself
sufficiently
revenged
,
he
resolved
to
return
with
his
Army
into
Mesopotamia
;
but
having
notice
that
the
Persian
was
following
,
even
at
his
heels
,
he
divided
his
Forces
,
leaving
the
Bassas
of
Cair
and
Syria
with
Vlemus
the
Fugitive
Persian
,
with
Eighteen
Thousand
to
follow
in
the
rere
of
his
Army
,
to
repel
the
assaults
of
the
Fore-runners
of
Tamas's
Army
;
he
marched
with
the
rest
by
speedy
Journeys
to
Amida
,
now
called
Caraemida
:
In
the
mean
while
Tamas
coming
to
Tauris
with
his
Army
,
being
the
flowr
of
Parthia
,
Media
,
Iberia
,
and
Armenia
;
and
beholding
what
desolation
the
Turks
had
made
in
that
famous
City
,
was
so
inraged
thereat
,
that
he
would
have
pursued
them
with
all
his
Army
to
revenge
the
injury
at
the
hazard
of
a
Battle
,
but
being
perswaded
they
were
gone
too
far
to
be
overtaken
,
and
the
Gentlemen
of
which
his
Army
chiefly
consisted
,
seemed
altogether
unwilling
to
undertake
so
tedious
a
march
,
he
was
content
to
stay
at
Tauris
,
and
send
Delimeuthes
,
a
Noble
Man
of
Persia
,
(
who
freely
offered
himself
to
undertake
it
)
with
Five
Thousand
swift
Horse
to
follow
them
;
and
as
he
saw
his
advantage
to
cut
off
the
Enemies
rear
,
the
which
he
so
speedily
performed
,
that
surprizing
the
Eighteen
Thousand
under
the
Command
of
the
two
Bassas
,
and
Vlemas
,
as
they
lay
securely
near
the
Castle
of
Belthis
,
that
being
assisted
with
the
Garrison
Soldiers
,
he
put
them
almost
all
to
the
Sword
,
,
the
Bassas
and
Vlemas
hardly
escaping
upon
their
swift
Horse
to
tell
the
news
,
for
which
service
he
was
highly
rewarded
by
Tamas
.
These
reiterated
losses
greatly
perplexed
Solyman
,
so
that
calling
to
mind
the
presages
his
Mother
had
made
of
his
evil
success
in
that
expedition
of
that
he
was
wholly
lead
thereto
by
the
Council
Ibrahim
,
Bassa
,
he
therefore
conceived
such
a
displeasure
against
him
,
as
ended
in
his
destruction
:
for
upon
his
Arrival
to
Constantinople
,
he
gave
such
countenance
to
those
that
brought
complaints
,
against
which
before
they
durst
not
do
;
that
at
the
earnest
Request
of
Roxo●ana●
whose
Son
Bajazet
the
Bassa
hindred
from
aspiring
to
〈◊〉
Empire
,
and
rather
favouring
Mustapha
,
Solym●●
〈…〉
another
Woman
,
that
he
consented
to
his
〈◊〉
made
away
;
and
by
reason
he
had
sworn
never
to
injure
his
person
whilst
he
lived
;
he
caused
for
the
saving
of
his
Oath
,
an
Eunuch
to
cut
his
Throat
whilst
he
slept
;
which
Jesuitical
Evasion
he
learned
of
the
Musti
,
or
Chief
Mahometan
Priest
,
who
being
consulted
on
the
matter
,
gave
his
opinion
that
Men
only
are
alive
,
when
they
Move
,
Act
,
and
Enjoy
their
perfect
Sences
:
and
that
sleep
depriving
them
of
their
reasonable
Faculties
,
rendered
them
as
dead
Men.
Some
there
are
that
report
the
fall
of
this
great
Man
,
who
whilst
he
stood
high
in
his
Masters
favour
,
in
effect
ruled
the
Turkish
Empire
to
be
caused
by
his
too
much
favouring
the
Christians
,
who
having
in
his
younger
years
been
brought
up
in
that
profession
,
still
continued
a
Christian
in
his
heart
;
and
that
to
spare
the
shedding
of
Christian
Blood
as
much
as
in
him
lay
:
He
turned
the
Emperors
Forces
against
the
Infidels
;
yet
,
however
it
happened
,
his
Body
with
a
great
weight
fixed
to
it
,
was
cast
into
the
Sea
,
and
all
his
Wealth
,
which
was
inestimable
,
except
a
small
portion
alotted
for
the
maintenance
of
his
Wife
and
Children
,
was
seized
to
the
behoof
of
Solyman
.
Tunes
as
aforesaid
being
taken
by
Barbarussa
,
and
all
the
other
Cities
obliged
to
submit
to
the
Turkish
obedience
,
Charles
the
Emperor
,
who
was
likewise
King
of
Spain
,
not
liking
so
potent
a
Neighbour
,
leavyed
great
Forces
,
solicited
thereto
by
Muleasses
the
Exil'd
King
;
and
in
revenge
of
the
Injuries
sustained
by
Barbarussa
,
resolved
to
drive
him
out
of
that
part
of
Africk
,
when
appointing
Alphonsus
,
D'valus
,
Vastius
,
General
of
the
Footmen
;
he
with
Seven
Hundred
Sail
of
great
and
small
Ships
and
Galleys
,
stood
with
the
African
Coast
,
when
dubling
the
Promontory
of
Carthage
came
to
an
Anchor
before
a
Castle
,
which
by
reason
of
a
great
Well
beneath
,
is
it
called
by
the
name
of
Aquaria
,
or
the
Water
Castle
;
whose
unexpected
arrival
so
terrified
Barbarussa
,
dreaming
of
nothing
less
that
he
was
about
to
have
fled
with
all
his
Turks
;
but
then
fearing
to
fall
into
Solymans
displeasure
,
which
to
do
,
he
knew
was
certain
death
;
upon
second
thoughts
,
though
he
resolved
to
make
all
the
defence
he
was
able
against
so
powerful
an
Army
as
the
Emperor
lead
after
him
,
and
thereby
get
him
the
name
of
a
valiant
Soldier
,
though
he
despaired
with
the
Forces
he
had
to
keep
either
the
Cities
or
Castles
;
whereupon
he
did
what
he
could
to
incourage
his
men
with
many
vain-glorious-speeches
;
and
into
the
strong
Castle
of
Guletta
,
standing
upon
the
bottom
of
the
Bay
of
Carthage
upon
a
point
of
Land
incompassed
almost
round
with
the
Sea
,
and
the
great
Lake
;
he
thrust
his
most
resolute
Captains
and
Janizaries
,
himself
remaining
in
Tunis
to
expect
supplyes
out
of
Numidia
;
at
what
time
the
Emperor
having
with
his
great
and
small
shot
obliged
those
that
guarded
the
shoar
to
retire
.
He
landed
his
men
,
and
intrenched
them
every
Nation
by
themselves
,
during
which
,
they
had
●equent
skirmishes
with
the
Numidian
Horsemen
,
nor
were
they
less
molested
by
the
Garrison
,
who
sallyed
as
often
as
they
saw
their
advantage
;
when
one
dayes
sallying
under
the
Command
of
Salacia●
Arch-Pirate
,
they
came
up
to
the
Mount
,
near
the
Castle
,
commanded
by
Count
Serney
,
a
man
famous
both
for
the
Honour
of
his
House
,
and
great
Exploits
in
War
;
who
not
using
to
be
so
braved
,
descended
with
the
Italians
under
his
Command
to
drive
them
back
by
force
;
but
the
Enemy
being
far
superiour
in
number
,
and
the
Spaniards
who
were
intrenched
next
him
,
looking
on
,
and
not
coming
out
to
succour
him
,
he
there
fighting
valiantly
,
was
slain
;
but
the
Spaniards
,
though
they
secretly
rejoyced
at
the
overthrow
of
the
Count
,
who
had
so
often
eclipsed
their
Glory
,
fared
not
better
;
for
the
next
day
Tobacches
another
of
the
Turks
Captains
sallying
out
,
charged
them
in
their
Trenches
,
killing
many
of
them
,
and
taking
what
they
found
therein
.
These
Losses
made
the
General
sharply
reprove
the
Captains
of
their
neglect
of
duty
,
in
watching
to
prevent
the
dangerous
attempts
of
so
politique
an
Enemy
;
which
so
wrought
with
the
Captains
and
Soldiers
,
that
to
regain
their
credit
,
they
vowed
to
shun
no
danger
,
nor
were
they
inferiour
to
their
promise
;
for
Giaffer
,
Captain
of
the
Janizaries
sallying
out
against
the
Spaniards
,
was
himself
slain
together
with
most
of
his
Men
whom
the
Christians
pursued
,
even
to
the
Gate
of
the
Castle
,
and
had
entered
with
those
that
fled
,
had
not
those
that
were
entered
,
shut
out
a
great
number
of
their
Fellows
to
prevent
it
,
who
were
all
slain
or
taken
Prisoners
:
after
which
,
the
Emperor
caused
his
Batteries
to
be
mounted
,
whilst
Auria
with
the
Fleet
blocked
up
the
Castle
to
the
Sea-ward
,
so
that
what
from
the
Ships
and
the
Mounts
,
the
great
Ordnance
in
manner
of
an
Earthquake
so
terribly
roated
,
that
their
continual
〈◊〉
made
it
seem
as
if
the
Earth
would
have
●ent
in
sunder
,
and
caused
the
Sea
,
which
before
was
calm
,
to
mount
,
as
if
it
had
been
inraged
with
a
Tempest
;
the
Air
likewise
became
thick
,
and
the
Sky
was
darkned
with
smoak
,
so
that
after
ten
hours
incessant
battery
,
the
Vamures
,
and
Walls
of
the
Castle
were
in
many
places
beaten
down
:
the
Turks
Canon
and
Canoneers
lying
buried
together
in
the
Rubbish
,
so
that
the
defendants
utterly
despairing
longer
to
hold
it
,
fled
over
a
wooden
Bridge
layed
for
that
purpose
,
who
being
fiercely
pursued
by
the
Christians
,
were
most
of
them
slain
;
insomuch
,
that
the
Surface
of
the
Lake
was
well
nigh
covered
with
dead
bodies
.
The
strong
Castle
thus
taken
,
and
most
of
the
Turks
Fleet
of
Galleys
at
A●●hor
in
the
Lake
,
yielded
to
the
Conqueror
;
upon
notice
of
which
,
Muleasses
the
Moorish
King
came
to
the
Emperors
Tent
,
and
humbled
himself
at
his
Feet
,
promising
to
become
his
tributary
,
desiring
as
his
Vassal
to
be
received
into
his
protection
,
swearing
never
to
forget
so
great
a
Benefit
,
with
many
the
like
expressions
;
which
so
moved
the
Emperour
,
that
he
promised
to
restore
him
without
any
other
Tribute
,
than
yearly
paying
a
brace
of
Falcons
,
and
a
brace
of
Barbary
Horses
;
as
likewise
to
maintain
a
Thousand
Christian
Soldiers
to
keep
for
him
the
Castle
of
Guletta
,
and
ever
after
to
be
kind
to
all
Christians
either
Inhabiting
,
or
that
should
have
occasion
to
pass
through
his
Countrey
,
telling
him
further
,
that
if
he
failed
in
any
point
,
those
Armes
that
restored
him
,
could
again
depose
him
.
Matters
thus
concluded
,
the
Emperour
marched
against
Tunis
,
where
Barbarussa
,
with
the
remainder
of
his
Forces
were
in
Garrison
,
who
upon
the
approach
of
the
Christians
,
drew
out
his
Forces
,
consisting
for
the
most
part
of
Numidian
Horsemen
,
but
scarcely
endured
the
first
charge
,
e're
he
betook
himself
to
flight
,
and
again
entered
the
City
of
Tunis
,
where
in
his
mad
mood
,
he
determined
to
kill
all
the
Christian
Prisoners
;
and
had
put
his
bloody
intent
into
practise
,
had
he
not
been
disswaded
therefrom
by
Sinan
a
Jew
,
one
of
his
chief
Captains
,
which
turned
to
his
great
disadvantage
;
for
the
Captives
,
to
the
number
of
Six
Thousand
,
hearing
in
what
danger
they
were
in
,
burst
out
of
the
Dungeons
in
the
Castle
where
they
lay
in
Irons
,
and
killing
such
Turks
as
they
found
therein
,
barracaded
the
doors
,
seizing
on
such
Armour
as
came
first
to
hand
,
made
signs
to
the
Emperor
,
from
the
Battlements
,
that
they
kept
the
Castle
to
his
behoof
;
which
Barbarussa
perceiving
,
and
that
all
his
intreaties
for
the
rendition
of
it
was
in
vain
:
he
in
a
great
rage
abandoned
the
City
with
such
of
his
followers
as
would
attend
him
,
and
fled
by
Sea
in
Fourteen
Galleys
to
the
City
of
Bona.
The
Turks
having
deserted
Tunis
,
the
Magistrates
came
forth
with
the
Keyes
to
meet
the
Emperor
,
who
without
any
resistance
entered
the
City
,
which
he
laboured
to
save
from
the
spoil
,
but
such
was
the
fury
of
the
Soldiers
,
that
they
could
not
be
restrained
neither
by
the
Emperor
,
nor
Vastius
the
General
,
but
seizing
upon
all
they
found
,
killed
such
of
the
Moors
as
resisted
them
;
so
that
in
a
short
time
all
was
in
a
confusion
,
and
great
riches
carryed
to
the
Ships
and
Galleys
,
together
with
many
Captives
:
most
of
which
the
Emperor
caused
to
be
restored
,
and
the
rest
were
redeeme●
by
Muleasses
.
Barbarussa
not
thinking
himself
safe
at
Hippona
,
upon
the
coming
of
Auria
with
the
Fleet
,
fled
to
Argier
,
of
which
the
Emperor
having
notice
,
he
placing
Muleasses
in
the
Kingdom
of
Tunesses
,
and
furnishing
Guletta
with
all
manner
of
Warlike
Provision
,
with
a
Thousand
Spaniards
to
secure
it
,
returned
in
Triumph
to
Naples
,
Anno
1537
;
when
the
same
year
Solyman
envying
at
the
Portugals
trade
in
the
East-Indies
,
sent
Solyman
Bassa
,
accompanied
with
Asau
Beg
,
a
famous
Pirate
,
commonly
called
the
Moor
of
Alexandria
,
with
a
Fleet
to
molest
them
,
who
sailing
through
the
Red-Sea
,
came
as
far
as
the
River
Indus
,
where
with
all
their
power
they
assaulted
Dium
a
Castle
of
the
Portugals
,
scituate
upon
the
mouth
of
that
great
River
;
but
after
many
dayes
siege
,
both
by
Sea
and
Land
having
tryed
their
utmost
force
,
they
were
glad
to
retire
,
leaving
behind
them
for
hast
most
of
their
great
Ordnance
:
when
coming
to
Aden
,
a
rich
City
in
Arabia
Foelix
,
they
allured
the
King
thereof
on
board
their
Galleys
,
with
promise
of
safe
conduct
,
but
having
him
in
their
power
contrary
to
their
Oaths
,
they
hanged
him
up
at
the
Yards
Arm
of
the
Admirals
Galley
,
and
plundered
the
City
;
the
like
they
did
to
another
City
in
the
same
Tract
called
Zibith
,
and
returned
to
Constantinople
,
one
by
Sea
,
and
the
other
by
Land
;
at
what
time
Solyman
solicited
thereto
by
John
Forrest
the
French
Kings
Ambassador
,
was
preparing
for
the
Invasion
of
Italy
,
and
having
for
that
purpose
raised
Two
Hundred
Thousand
Men
,
sending
before
him
Lutzis
Bassa
,
and
Barbarussa
,
with
a
great
Fleet
,
who
landing
at
Otranto
,
and
conducted
by
one
Troilus
Pignatellus
,
a
Fugitive
Italian
,
seized
on
Castrum
,
which
contrary
to
their
Faith
given
,
they
plundered
;
carrying
most
of
the
people
Prisoners
,
at
what
time
Solyman
had
by
night
sent
over
several
Troops
of
Light-Horsemen
in
great
Palendars
,
who
running
all
along
the
Sea
Coast
from
Tarentum
to
Brundusium
,
for
the
space
of
Forty
miles
,
rummaged
the
Countrey
,
carrying
away
a
great
booty
,
and
had
been
likely
enough
,
had
Solyman
,
as
he
intended
,
seconded
them
with
his
great
power
to
have
overrun
all
Italy
;
but
providence
so
ordered
it
,
that
by
the
wilfulness
of
Alexander
Contarenus
a
Venetian
Captain
,
who
meeting
with
the
Admiral
of
Callipolis
,
and
he
not
vailing
his
top-sail
,
nor
in
token
of
Reverence
and
Friendship
discharge
his
great
Ordnance
,
offended
with
his
proud
insolency
,
fiercely
assailed
the
Squadron
of
Galleys
under
his
command
,
of
which
he
sunk
two
,
the
Admiral
himself
perishing
in
one
of
them
,
and
not
long
after
,
for
the
like
insolency
,
the
Venetian
Admiral
caused
Junusbeus
,
Solymans
chief
Interpreter
,
passing
by
Coreyrae
to
be
assailed
,
when
to
save
himself
and
his
Turks
,
he
forceing
his
Galleys
on
shoar
near
unto
the
Mountains
,
called
Acroceraunii
,
he
fell
into
a
worse
danger
,
for
being
taken
by
the
Mountainiers
,
most
of
his
people
were
slain
,
and
himself
hardly
released
for
a
great
sum
of
money
.
These
Breaches
of
Peace
,
as
the
Turks
termed
them
,
so
much
incensed
Solyman
,
that
he
recalled
his
Forces
then
in
Puglia
,
resolving
to
turn
his
whole
power
upon
the
Venetians
,
upon
whose
return
Auria
falling
in
with
Twelve
Galleys
laden
with
Janizaries
,
and
chosen
Horsemen
of
the
Court
after
a
sharp
conflict
to
them
all
,
which
proved
a
great
weakning
to
the
Tyrants
Fleet
,
yet
he
desperately
bent
against
the
Venetians
,
resolving
to
take
from
them
the
rich
Island
of
Corcyra
,
but
by
the
way
himself
had
like
to
have
been
slain
in
his
Tent
by
a
Mountainier
,
which
had
been
effected
,
had
he
not
been
discovered
by
the
cracking
of
a
bough
;
to
revenge
which
,
he
sent
his
Janizaries
,
and
other
his
approved
Soldiers
,
who
hunting
the
people
inhabiting
the
high
and
rough
Mountains
of
Chimera
,
like
wild
Beasts
killed
many
of
them
,
and
returned
with
such
spoil
,
as
they
found
,
after
which
,
he
with
a
great
Fleet
landed
on
the
Isle
of
Corcyra
,
now
called
Corfu
,
(
for
fear
of
whom
,
the
Venetian
Admiral
●●thdrew
with
his
Galleys
into
the
Adriatick
Gulf
,
〈◊〉
to
expect
the
other
part
of
his
Fleet
)
yet
〈…〉
long
while
battered
the
chief
City
,
in
vain
〈…〉
himself
with
the
spoil
of
the
Villages
,
〈…〉
Thousand
Christian
Prisoners
departed
;
〈…〉
return
landing
on
the
Isle
of
Naxos
,
〈…〉
the
City
,
which
not
being
furnished
to
〈…〉
so
powerful
an
Army
,
consented
to
pay
the
T●●ant
Five
thousand
Duckates
a
year
Tribute
,
and
to
hold
the
Seigniorie
of
him
,
whereupon
,
without
doing
further
harm
,
he
departed
to
Constantinople
;
at
whose
return
Lutzis
Bassa
was
accused
by
his
Wife
,
Solymans
Sister
of
Sodomy
,
and
for
that
she
having
in
private
reproved
him
thereof
,
he
had
struck
her
a
box
on
the
Ear
,
and
confined
her
as
a
Prisoner
to
her
Chamber
;
which
complaint
so
incensed
Solyman
,
who
for
his
Sisters
sake
had
raised
him
from
a
low
Degree
,
to
the
highest
Honour
next
himself
,
that
he
banished
him
into
Macedonia
,
where
he
spent
the
remainder
of
his
dayes
in
a
poor
and
private
life
.
Though
Solyman
was
returned
to
Constantinople
,
yet
his
Wars
with
the
Venetians
ended
not
,
for
he
sent
strict
command
to
his
Governours
and
Lieutenants
bordering
upon
their
frontiers
,
to
vex
them
them
with
all
manner
Hostilities
;
who
were
not
wanting
to
satisfie
him
therein
,
nor
the
Venetians
on
their
part
to
revenge
the
injuries
;
but
the
fierceness
of
the
Turks
were
somewhat
restrained
by
a
War
undertaken
by
King
Ferdinand
against
them
,
to
revenge
former
injuries
,
who
raising
a
great
power
of
gallant
Soldiers
of
divers
Nations
,
sent
them
under
the
leading
of
Cazzianer
,
by
whose
Cowardize
in
leading
them
through
Woods
,
and
by-wayes
,
many
of
them
perished
for
hunger
;
others
to
avoid
that
calamity
,
deserted
him
,
and
in
fine
,
the
General
forsaking
his
Army
(
for
which
he
was
afterward
executed
)
It
was
overthrown
near
Exek
,
and
all
the
Soldiers
either
slain
,
or
taken
Prisoners
.
The
news
of
this
great
overthrow
much
troubled
the
Christian
Princes
to
repair
;
which
disgrace
the
Emperor
,
the
Venetians
,
and
the
Pope
set
out
a
great
Fleet
of
Galleys
,
which
meeting
at
Corcyra
,
the
Admirals
consulted
what
was
best
to
be
done
,
when
upon
notice
that
Barbarussa
lay
with
the
Turkish
Galleys
in
the
Bay
of
Ambracia
,
they
resolved
to
sail
thither
,
where
having
a
while
braved
him
,
the
bold
Turk
incited
thereto
by
one
of
Solymans
Eun●chs
,
came
forth
to
give
them
battle
,
which
Auria
perceiving
contrary
to
the
minds
of
the
Captains
,
stood
away
to
Corcyra
,
in
the
rear
of
whom
the
Turks
fall
,
took
several
of
the
stragling
Galleys
:
This
retreat
,
or
rather
flight
,
much
eclipsed
the
fame
of
Auria
,
who
before
was
accounted
a
second
Neptune
;
but
being
still
followed
by
Barbarussa
,
he
returned
into
Italy
,
to
the
great
dislike
of
the
Venetians
,
without
effecting
any
thing
worthy
of
memory
;
which
gave
the
proud
Turk
opportunity
to
make
great
spoil
on
the
Sea
Coast
,
and
on
the
Islands
of
the
Sea
,
yet
held
by
the
Venetians
,
and
to
recover
Castronovum
,
a
little
before
taken
by
the
Christians
,
though
not
without
infinite
slaughter
on
either
side
;
it
being
for
a
long
time
manfully
defended
by
Sarmentus
a
Valiant
Spanish
Captain
,
who
amongst
heaps
of
slain
expired
in
the
bed
of
Honour
.
Things
being
at
this
pass
,
the
Emperor
made
a
peace
with
the
French
King
,
both
which
Potentates
solicited
the
Venetians
by
their
Embassadors
to
continue
the
War
against
Solyman
,
but
they
weary
thereof
,
as
lying
most
obnoxious
to
his
fury
,
could
not
be
perswaded
thereto
,
but
laboured
to
procure
a
peace
,
which
with
much
difficulty
they
obtained
.
In
consideration
whereof
they
yield
unto
him
Nauplium
and
Epidaurus
,
two
Cities
of
Peloponesus
,
together
with
Nadium
and
Labrania
,
two
Castles
of
Dalmatia
,
which
happened
by
reason
the
secrets
of
their
Embassey
was
beforehand
discovered
to
Solyman
by
several
treacherous
Venetians
,
bribed
by
him
for
that
purpose
;
some
of
which
being
afterward
taken
,
were
worthily
executed
at
the
same
time
;
a
secret
consideration
between
John
King
of
Hungary
,
and
Ferdinand
King
of
Bohemia
(
including
that
upon
the
decease
of
the
former
,
the
latter
should
enjoy
his
Kingdom
)
was
discovered
to
Solyman
,
which
grievously
incensed
him
against
the
Hungarian
King
,
whom
by
his
Armes
he
had
restored
to
his
Kingdom
to
appease
,
which
he
was
content
to
marry
Isabella
,
Daughter
to
Sigismund
,
King
of
Polonia
,
by
whom
he
had
Issue
a
Son
,
who
after
his
Fathers
Death
was
crowned
King
of
Hungary
,
and
taken
into
Solymans
protection
,
by
that
means
bereaving
King
Ferdinand
of
his
hope
of
a
peaceable
possession
;
whereupon
after
having
requested
it
by
his
Embassadors
of
Solyman
,
and
despairing
that
way
to
obtain
it
,
he
with
a
great
Army
entered
the
Kingdom
,
and
seized
upon
Vicegrade
,
Pesth
,
Vacia
,
and
Alba
Regalis
:
To
oppose
which
sudden
Tempest
e're
it
had
swept
away
all
her
Cities
;
the
Queen
sent
her
Embassadors
to
Solyman
to
crave
Aid
against
King
Ferdinand
,
whereupon
he
not
only
sent
the
young
King
her
Son
several
Rich
Presents
,
but
his
Letters
Mandatory
to
his
Lieutenants
on
the
Frontiers
,
with
all
their
Forces
to
assist
her
,
threatning
that
if
by
their
neglect
she
received
any
dammage
,
their
heads
should
make
satisfaction
;
and
withal
,
caused
Lascus
,
King
Ferdinands
Embassador
at
that
time
residing
at
Constantinople
to
be
imprisoned
.
This
news
was
joyful
to
the
Queen
,
whereupon
she
drawing
together
all
her
Forces
,
joyned
them
with
those
Mahometes
,
and
Vstref
,
two
of
Solymans
Bassas
had
brought
into
the
field
,
and
immediately
layed
siege
to
Vacia
which
they
took
,
and
to
prevent
its
again
falling
into
the
hands
of
the
Bohemians
,
set
it
on
fire
;
Vacia
thus
layed
waste
,
they
removed
to
Pesth
,
to
which
they
layed
straight
siege
,
but
after
many
unsuccessful
attempts
to
carry
it
by
storm
,
raised
their
Camp
,
and
returned
over
Danubius
,
upon
which
King
Ferdinand
sent
a
great
Army
under
the
Leading
of
the
Lord
William
Regendorff
,
who
entring
the
Kingdom
,
layed
siege
to
Buda
,
and
sent
Messengers
to
summon
the
Queen
to
surrender
the
City
to
his
Master
,
and
that
in
lieu
thereof
,
and
of
the
other
Cities
,
she
should
have
bestowed
on
her
freely
the
Seignory
of
Sepusia
,
to
which
George
,
Bishop
of
Veradium
,
who
altogether
governed
the
Queen
,
answered
that
she
should
accept
no
such
proffer
,
and
with
many
opprobrious
words
dismissed
the
Messengers
,
whereupon
Regendorff
having
mounted
his
Canon
,
furiously
battered
the
City
,
making
several
wide
breaches
,
but
they
were
so
notably
defended
,
that
the
Germans
nor
Spaniards
could
not
enter
,
which
they
perceiving
,
so
dealt
with
one
Bornemissa
a
great
man
in
the
City
,
that
he
promised
to
deliver
them
a
Gate
in
the
night
to
enter
by
,
which
accordingly
he
performed
,
but
having
agreed
that
none
but
Hungarians
should
enter
,
the
better
to
prevent
the
effusion
of
blood
;
and
Regendorff
contrary
to
that
agreement
,
sending
in
Germans
under
the
Leading
of
their
Captains
,
to
be
more
sure
of
the
City
,
the
Traitor
repenting
of
what
he
had
undertaken
,
refused
to
lead
them
to
the
Market
place
,
and
they
still
remaining
in
the
narrow
streets
,
and
not
knowing
which
way
to
go
,
a
sufficient
number
could
not
enter
e're
the
Alarum
was
taken
,
upon
which
the
Citizens
,
and
Garrison
Souldiers
running
to
their
Armes
,
assaulted
them
on
every
side
,
who
being
in
a
strange
place
,
and
their
fear
augmented
by
the
terror
of
the
night
,
fled
back
faster
than
they
advanced
.
Spring
being
come
,
Solyman
sent
a
great
Army
under
the
Leading
of
Mahometes
Bassa
,
to
the
Assistance
of
the
Queen
;
which
passing
,
the
Danubius
intrenched
within
half
a
mile
of
the
Bohemians
,
Germans
,
and
Italians
,
under
the
command
of
the
Lord
Regendorff
,
and
dayly
with
skirmishes
perplexed
him
,
having
likewise
fortified
an
Island
lying
in
the
River
,
called
Ceppelia
,
as
the
General
of
the
Christians
had
done
another
opposite
to
his
Camp
,
between
which
passed
likewise
many
skirmishes
,
but
at
length
the
Turks
pouring
a
great
number
of
their
men
on
shoar
in
the
Island
held
by
the
Christians
,
caused
them
to
leave
the
Fortifications
,
and
flie
over
the
Bridge
layed
to
pass
,
and
repass
to
the
Camp
,
but
by
the
valour
of
the
German
Soldiers
all
was
quickly
regained
,
and
the
City
furiously
assaulted
,
though
without
success
,
for
that
a
great
number
of
the
besieged
continually
kept
such
breaches
as
the
Canon
had
made
,
and
the
Besiegers
,
by
reason
of
the
nearness
of
the
Turks
Army
,
durst
not
go
to
the
assault
in
such
number
as
otherwise
they
might
have
done
,
yet
they
had
so
battered
the
Walls
,
that
they
despaired
not
to
win
it
in
a
short
time
;
but
in
the
height
of
their
Expectation
,
news
came
,
that
Solyman
with
a
great
power
,
was
near
at
hand
to
joyn
the
Bassa
already
incamped
,
which
infused
such
a
fear
into
the
Christians
that
the
Soldiers
whether
their
General
would
or
no
,
resolved
to
raise
the
Seige
and
pass
the
Danubius
.
So
that
he
was
constrained
to
accord
to
the
resolves
,
and
in
the
dead
of
the
night
raised
the
Siege
,
but
not
so
secretly
but
the
Turks
had
notice
sent
them
of
what
had
happened
,
by
those
in
the
City
:
Whereupon
bursting
out
of
their
Camp
,
and
the
Citizens
at
the
same
time
sallying
by
the
light
of
a
stack
of
straw
,
and
pursued
them
with
great
slaughter
;
insomuch
that
most
part
of
the
Army
was
either
drowned
in
the
hasty
passage
,
or
fell
by
the
Sword
,
not
above
a
third
part
of
them
escaping
to
Comora
.
So
that
a
great
booty
by
that
means
fell
into
the
hands
of
the
Turks
.
Upon
this
defeat
Pesih
being
deserted
of
her
Garrison
,
was
taken
without
resistance
by
Cason
,
the
Turks
Fleet
then
in
the
Danubius
,
and
most
that
were
found
therein
put
to
the
Sword
.
The
Lord
Regendorf
as
a
man
not
desirous
to
outlive
so
foul
a
dishonour
brought
upon
him
by
the
wilfulness
of
his
unruly
Souldiers
,
would
have
died
fighting
amongst
the
thickest
of
his
Enemy
,
had
he
not
against
his
will
by
strong
hand
been
forced
into
a
Pinace
,
and
so
carryed
by
his
Captains
to
Comora
,
within
five
days
after
Solyman
came
to
Buda
,
and
according
to
his
wonted
cruelty
caused
all
the
Prisoners
to
be
put
to
death
,
and
one
amongst
the
rest
a
German
Souldier
being
of
wonderous
height
,
he
appointed
to
be
slain
by
his
Dwarff
,
whose
head
reached
not
past
his
knees
,
which
he
ordered
to
be
done
in
derision
of
the
German
Nation
.
Solyman
having
pitched
his
Camp
near
Buda
,
sent
his
Ambassadors
with
Presents
to
the
Young
King
,
viz.
Three
beautiful
Horses
,
with
their
Bridles
of
Gold
,
and
their
Trapings
set
with
precious
stones
,
and
three
Robes
of
cloth
of
Gold
,
and
unto
every
one
of
the
chief
Nobility
a
chain
of
Gold
,
and
rich
Gowns
;
upon
the
delivery
of
these
presents
,
as
they
had
it
in
charge
,
they
requested
that
the
Queen
would
cause
the
young
King
to
be
sent
to
the
Camp
to
Solyman
,
who
was
greatly
desirous
to
see
him
and
that
he
was
resolved
to
take
him
and
his
Kingdom
into
protection
,
until
such
time
as
he
should
of
himself
be
able
to
defend
it
against
his
potent
Adversary
.
This
request
of
the
Ambassadors
(
though
not
without
some
scruple
)
was
granted
,
and
the
young
King
being
then
in
his
swadling
Cloths
,
was
sent
in
a
rich
Chariot
,
together
with
his
Nurse
and
several
great
Ladies
,
attended
on
by
such
of
the
Nobility
,
to
whom
Solyman
had
sent
presents
;
upon
whose
Arrival
the
Tyrant
took
him
in
his
arms
,
and
looked
upon
him
commanding
his
sons
then
present
,
viz.
Selymus
and
Bajazet
begotten
on
the
fair
Ro●colana
to
kiss
him
,
in
token
of
there
love
to
him
:
from
thence
forward
yet
notwithstanding
these
fair
shews
,
he
consulted
with
his
Bassa's
whether
he
should
retain
the
King
and
seize
on
the
Kingdom
of
Hungary
,
having
before
caused
his
Soldiers
to
possess
themselves
of
one
of
the
Gates
of
Buda
,
called
Sabatina
,
it
was
likewise
debated
whether
all
the
Nobility
then
in
his
possession
should
be
put
to
death
,
or
carried
into
bondage
;
of
all
which
opinions
were
some
of
his
Bassa's
,
and
others
of
a
far
more
mild
opinion
.
So
that
Solyman
,
when
he
well
considered
what
had
been
argued
,
resolved
upon
a
method
between
the
one
and
the
other
,
when
entering
Buda
on
the
30th
.
of
August
,
anno
1541.
after
he
had
sacrificed
to
his
vain
Prophet
,
in
the
Cathedral
,
dedicated
to
the
Virgin
Mary
,
he
published
a
Decree
(
the
fatal
doom
of
that
flourishing
Kingdom
,
under
which
it
at
this
day
groans
.
)
That
Buda
should
from
that
day
be
kept
with
a
Garrison
of
Turks
,
and
the
Kingdom
be
converted
into
a
Province
of
the
Turkish
Empire
,
that
the
Queen
with
her
son
,
the
young
King
should
presently
depart
the
City
and
live
in
Lippa
,
a
fertil
and
quiet
Countrey
beyond
the
River
Tibiscus
near
to
the
borders
of
her
fathers
Kingdom
,
and
to
be
safely
conducted
thither
with
all
her
Wealth
and
Jewels
by
the
Janizaries
;
of
which
hard
conditions
the
Queen
was
glad
to
accept
upon
which
the
Hungarian
Nobility
,
all
but
Valentinus
her
General
were
set
at
Liberty
,
having
before
been
retained
as
Prisoners
in
the
Turkish
Camp
.
King
Ferdinand
residing
at
Vienna
,
upon
notice
of
what
had
passed
,
and
that
Solyman
was
purposed
to
invade
his
Territories
;
first
sending
to
collect
his
dispersed
Forces
,
afterwards
he
sent
Count
Salma
and
Sigismund
Lethestaine
,
noble
and
grave
Councellors
his
Ambassadors
to
Solyman
with
rich
presents
which
were
a
standing
cup
of
Gold
after
the
German
fashion
,
richly
beset
with
pearls
and
pretious
stones
,
and
a
wonderful
Silver
Globe
of
most
rare
and
curious
device
,
daily
expressing
the
hourly
passing
of
the
time
,
the
motion
of
the
Planets
,
the
Change
and
Full
of
the
Moon
,
the
motion
of
the
Superiour
Orbs
,
ever
moving
by
certain
wheels
or
weights
curiously
conveyed
within
the
same
,
exactly
keeping
due
time
and
motion
,
lively
expressing
the
wonderful
motion
and
conversion
of
the
celestial
frame
,
a
curious
and
strange
peice
of
work
devised
and
perfected
by
the
most
cunning
Astronomers
of
Maximilian
the
Emperour
,
whose
noble
mind
never
spared
for
any
cost
to
obtain
things
rare
of
strange
device
.
The
Ambassadors
arriving
at
Solymans
Camp
,
after
they
had
been
feasted
by
the
Bassa's
with
Mutton
and
Rice
onely
,
and
delivered
their
Presents
,
they
made
it
their
request
that
he
would
deliver
Hungary
to
their
Master
,
to
whom
of
right
it
appertained
,
and
that
in
lien
thereof
he
would
become
his
tributary
;
but
were
so
far
from
having
their
desires
granted
,
that
the
proud
Turk
demanded
tribute
for
Austria
,
the
which
being
refused
with
disdaign
he
sent
the
Governour
of
Belgrade
to
spoil
that
Country
,
as
likewise
Moravia
,
to
whom
he
joyned
Cason
the
Admiral
of
his
Fleet
;
but
by
reason
of
the
overflowing
of
the
Rivers
and
great
Rains
,
it
being
now
Autumn
they
were
forced
to
return
without
doing
any
considerable
dammage
:
after
which
Solyman
appointing
a
Hungarian
of
his
own
name
Governour
of
Buda
returned
to
Constantinople
,
having
first
set
Lascus
King
Ferdinand's
former
Ambassador
(
whom
he
held
Prisoner
)
at
Liberty
,
and
within
a
while
after
having
caused
Mayle
Vayvod
of
Transilvania
to
be
apprehended
,
and
imprisoned
contrary
to
his
promise
,
by
Mahometes
his
great
Bassa
;
he
to
recompence
the
Queen
of
Hungary
and
her
son
for
what
he
had
taken
from
them
,
gave
the
young
King
the
Province
of
Transilvania
.
Whilst
these
things
passed
,
the
Emperour
Charles
at
the
earnest
request
of
his
Subjects
of
Spain
,
to
whose
Trade
the
Pirates
of
Argier
had
put
a
stop
,
prepared
a
great
Fleet
to
invade
the
Kingdom
,
and
take
the
City
,
at
that
time
commanded
by
Asan
Aga
,
or
Asan
the
Eunuch
,
whom
Barbarossa
in
his
absence
had
appointed
his
Lieutenant
,
when
as
the
Emperour
after
considerable
dammage
by
shipwrack
coming
before
the
City
of
Argier
;
sent
a
Herald
on
shore
to
demand
the
City
,
and
upon
the
refusal
of
its
delivery
landed
his
men
,
who
with
great
courage
beating
the
Turks
,
Moors
,
and
Numidians
from
their
defences
,
leaped
on
shore
,
where
after
divers
skirmishes
they
encamped
in
three
Battles
,
being
in
all
60000
Men
but
long
they
had
not
considered
which
way
to
make
their
approaches
,
e're
by
a
horrible
Tempest
(
supposed
to
be
raised
by
Inchantment
)
which
continued
for
the
space
of
two
dayes
,
the
greatest
part
of
the
Fleet
consisting
of
280
Ships
and
Gallies
was
beaten
,
and
such
as
by
swimming
escaped
the
danger
of
the
Sea
,
were
kill'd
by
the
Numidians
and
Moors
,
who
came
down
from
the
Mountains
to
enrich
themselves
by
the
misery
of
the
Christians
.
In
this
storm
which
was
accompanied
with
prodigious
Rain
,
Thunder
and
Lightening
almost
all
the
Prevision
,
and
great
Ordnance
were
lost
:
nor
fared
they
on
shoar
much
better
,
for
there
three
parts
of
the
Tents
were
torn
up
,
and
all
things
in
them
spoiled
by
the
deluges
of
Water
,
so
that
Famine
within
three
dayes
sorely
vexed
the
Camp
;
yet
the
Emperour
,
a
man
of
invincible
Courage
,
comforted
his
men
in
the
best
wise
,
causing
such
Horses
as
were
on
shoar
to
be
killed
,
and
their
Flesh
distributed
amongst
the
Souldiers
,
which
at
than
time
proved
excellent
fare
;
but
finding
he
could
not
subsist
,
by
the
perswasion
of
the
Duke
of
Alva
his
General
,
he
resolved
to
imbark
on
those
few
Ships
and
Gallies
that
were
left
,
and
return
into
Italy
,
whereupon
to
make
room
for
the
Souldiers
he
caused
all
the
Horses
to
be
thrown
overboard
,
but
such
was
his
hard
fortune
,
that
he
was
no
sooner
imbarked
but
another
Tempest
terrible
as
the
former
,
arose
and
scattering
his
Fleet
,
drove
two
Ships
loaden
with
Spaniards
into
the
Port
of
Argier
,
who
by
reason
of
the
departure
of
the
other
Gallies
had
been
there
slain
by
the
Moors
and
Numidians
,
had
not
Asan
Aga
at
their
earnest
request
taken
them
into
mercy
,
and
driven
away
the
barbarous
people
,
who
like
ravening
Wolves
sought
eagerly
to
prey
upon
their
Lives
:
Many
ships
in
their
return
were
likewise
swallowed
up
of
the
Sea
,
but
Heaven
so
ordered
it
that
at
length
the
Emperour
with
the
remainder
of
his
shattered
ships
arrived
at
the
Port
of
New
Carthage
in
Spain
,
not
being
overcome
by
the
Enemy
but
by
the
Tempest
,
his
sad
disaster
being
at
the
beginning
of
his
Expedition
foretold
,
by
a
Witch
then
living
in
the
City
of
Argiers
.
Frances
the
French
King
being
greatly
offended
with
the
Emperor
,
for
that
Antonius
Rinuo
his
Ambassador
,
upon
his
negotiation
to
Constantinople
,
was
by
some
of
the
Emperors
Captains
slain
,
for
that
it
being
reported
that
he
there
discovered
all
the
Emperours
intentions
,
and
incensed
Solyman
to
take
up
Arms
against
him
,
being
the
principal
occasion
of
his
last
Expedition
into
Hungary
;
whereupon
he
having
sent
Polinus
in
the
stead
of
Rinuo
,
he
incited
Solyman
to
revenge
the
indignity
as
well
offered
to
him
as
to
himfelf
,
by
sending
Barbarus
with
a
squadron
of
Gallies
to
molest
the
coast
of
Spain
,
and
the
Emperours
Territories
in
Italy
,
whilst
his
Master
warred
on
his
Countries
in
Flanders
and
other
places
.
To
undertake
the
like
he
solicited
the
Venetians
,
but
at
that
time
both
his
negotiation
proved
ineffectual
,
for
the
Venetians
utterly
refused
to
intermeddle
,
and
the
Turk
at
that
time
being
but
slenderly
provided
with
shipping
,
and
those
was
inforced
to
use
on
the
Danube
for
the
defence
of
Hungary
,
which
King
Ferdinando
in
confederation
with
the
German
Princes
invaded
with
a
great
Army
,
under
the
leading
of
Joachimus
Marquess
of
Brandenburgh
,
who
passing
the
Damibius
encamped
before
Pesth
,
which
they
battered
for
several
dayes
,
making
divers
large
breaches
,
but
upon
notice
that
Mahometes
Bassa
was
coming
from
Belgrade
,
with
a
great
Army
to
relieve
the
City
,
though
the
story
was
altogether
feigned
,
the
cowardly
General
raised
the
siege
,
and
returned
to
Vienna
where
that
great
Army
consisting
of
50000
Horse
and
Foot
was
broke
up
,
without
doing
any
thing
worthy
of
name
.
Solyman
being
rid
of
this
fear
began
to
hearken
to
the
request
of
the
French
Ambassador
,
and
having
Commanded
Rustan
Bassa
his
Son-in-law
to
Feast
him
,
he
gave
order
for
the
making
ready
his
Fleet
of
Gallies
,
which
he
sent
under
the
command
of
Barbarossa
to
the
Aid
of
the
French
,
who
to
wreck
his
private
revenge
called
in
the
common
Enemy
,
too
prone
of
himself
to
lay
Christendom
wast
.
In
their
way
when
once
dispatched
they
took
Rhegium
,
burnt
it
,
and
carried
away
the
Garrison
,
and
Citizens
,
at
which
time
Solyman
with
a
great
Army
entered
Hungary
,
to
revenge
himself
upon
the
Authors
of
the
late
Hostilities
,
and
had
the
strong
City
and
Castle
of
Walpo
delivered
to
him
by
the
Souldiers
,
contrary
to
the
will
of
the
Governour
,
but
he
was
no
sooner
possessed
thereof
then
he
gave
them
the
due
Reward
of
their
Treachery
,
by
causing
them
all
to
be
put
to
the
Sword
;
and
then
having
left
there
a
sufficient
Garrison
,
he
marched
to
Strigonium
,
sending
Amurathes
Bassa
with
a
part
of
the
Army
to
take
in
Soclosia
,
which
he
having
won
,
put
most
of
the
Inhabitants
to
the
Sword
.
Solyman
having
layed
siege
in
the
mean
while
to
Strigonium
,
in
which
commanded
as
Governours
Liscanus
and
Salamanca
,
two
proud
and
covetous
Spaniards
,
with
a
Garrison
of
1300
Souldiers
,
but
e're
Solyman
began
to
batter
the
City
,
he
sent
to
promise
them
Life
,
Liberty
,
and
whatever
Goods
they
were
possessed
of
if
they
would
surrender
;
or
upon
refusal
to
denounce
against
them
all
the
miseries
that
attend
on
stormed
Cities
,
yet
this
nothing
daunted
the
Souldiers
,
who
returned
for
answer
,
that
they
reposed
their
last
hope
in
their
Arms
,
and
were
not
to
be
won
by
gifts
,
nor
terrified
with
threats
,
upon
notice
of
which
their
stout
resolution
he
commanded
his
Cannon
already
mounted
to
play
from
several
Batteries
,
the
which
was
put
in
Execution
with
such
fury
,
that
the
Walls
were
beaten
down
in
several
places
,
at
which
breaches
the
Turks
in
great
number
attempting
to
enter
were
beaten
back
three
times
successively
,
with
great
loss
and
slaughter
,
and
amongst
the
slain
fell
Bultaces
Sanzack
of
Selymbria
,
a
man
of
great
account
amongst
the
Turks
,
but
in
the
end
the
weakness
of
the
City
being
discovered
to
the
enemy
,
by
a
fugitive
Calabrian
,
the
two
aforesaid
Governours
consulting
for
their
own
safety
,
intended
secretly
to
leave
the
City
,
and
carry
with
them
all
their
Riches
;
but
their
purpose
being
discovered
to
the
Captains
and
Soldiers
,
they
proposed
a
parly
,
perswading
the
defendants
that
the
City
was
not
to
be
held
against
so
powerful
an
Enemy
;
upon
which
the
City
was
yielded
,
and
the
Garrison
such
as
would
marched
to
Possonium
,
where
the
two
cowardly
Governours
(
who
notwithstanding
the
promise
of
safe
conduct
had
been
robbed
by
the
Turks
)
were
by
Count
Salme
committed
to
safe
custody
,
to
answer
for
their
cowardly
yielding
up
the
City
.
Strigonium
being
thus
obtained
on
the
10th
.
of
August
,
Anno
1543.
and
the
Christian
Churches
converted
to
the
Mahometan
superstition
,
he
marched
towards
Alba
regalis
,
taking
in
his
way
the
Castle
of
Tatta
antiently
called
Theodota
,
which
he
utterly
rased
;
after
which
coming
before
Alba
regalis
,
a
City
famous
for
the
Coronation
of
the
Hungarian
kings
,
s●ituate
in
a
Marsh
,
and
incompassed
with
a
Lake
.
He
caused
the
said
Lake
with
infinite
labour
to
be
filled
up
and
thereafter
many
terrible
Assaules
,
in
which
he
lost
20000
of
his
men
,
took
the
Suburbs
,
putting
all
he
found
therein
to
the
sword
,
and
afterward
had
the
City
delivered
into
his
possession
,
where
entering
,
he
contrary
to
his
faith
plighted
,
he
caused
the
most
wealthy
Citizens
to
be
slain
;
after
which
,
leaving
Ballabanus
Governour
thereof
,
and
placing
Governours
in
other
places
by
him
subdued
;
in
this
Expedition
he
returned
to
Constantinople
.
By
this
time
Barbarussa
and
Polinus
were
arrived
at
Marselles
,
where
having
refreshed
themselves
,
they
departed
to
Province
,
where
they
laid
siege
to
Nice
,
a
City
belonging
to
the
Emperour
,
which
after
a
long
siege
they
took
,
but
the
Castle
being
defended
with
a
strong
Garrison
,
they
in
vain
assaulted
it
,
which
so
enraged
Barbarussa
,
that
he
threatened
to
imprison
Polinus
for
not
performing
his
promise
made
at
Constantinople
to
furnish
his
Army
with
all
necessaries
,
when
as
he
said
Powder
and
shot
were
wanting
even
in
the
Country
of
France
,
which
division
between
the
French
and
the
Turks
was
ended
,
by
the
raising
the
seige
,
upon
notice
that
Alphonsus
Vastus
the
Emperors
General
was
coming
out
of
Italy
with
a
great
Army
,
when
as
the
French
Forces
retiring
,
Barbarussa
sent
most
part
of
his
Fleet
to
Argeir
,
with
a
command
to
return
early
the
next
spring
to
Marselles
.
The
great
preparations
of
Barbarussa
to
aid
the
French
King
gave
Muleasses
suspition
that
they
were
intended
against
him
;
whereupon
leaving
the
management
of
the
Affaires
of
his
kingdom
of
Tunes
in
the
hand
of
his
trusty
Counsellors
,
as
he
supposed
,
and
the
management
of
his
men
of
war
,
his
son
Amida
,
he
went
to
Naples
to
wait
upon
Charles
the
Emperor
,
and
of
him
to
crave
aid
,
when
in
the
mean
time
by
the
perswasion
of
such
as
hated
Muleasses
his
son
usurped
his
kingdom
,
who
upon
notice
thereof
returning
with
such
Forces
as
he
could
gather
in
Italy
,
was
overthrown
,
taken
prisoner
,
and
by
his
unnatural
Son
deprived
of
his
sight
,
dealing
to
him
therein
the
same
measure
that
he
had
dealt
.
Yet
the
unnatural
Son
escaped
not
altogether
scotfree
,
for
Tovarres
Governour
of
Gullet
for
the
Emperour
,
sending
for
Abdamelech
brother
to
Muleasses
,
of
whom
I
have
before
spoken
,
he
in
the
absence
of
Amida
surprized
the
City
and
Castle
of
Tunis
,
but
injoyed
no
more
then
26
dayes
e're
he
died
when
leaving
his
Son
Mahometes
a
Child
his
Successor
,
he
was
soon
thrust
out
and
Amida
restored
,
whereupon
Muleasses
fled
first
to
Guletta
,
and
afterward
into
Sicily
,
where
at
the
Emperours
command
he
was
maintained
at
the
common
charge
of
the
Islanders
.
The
French
King
being
by
this
time
weary
of
his
new
come
Guest
,
the
Turks
having
first
largely
rewarded
them
sent
them
away
,
who
in
their
return
spoil'd
the
Island
of
Elba
belonging
to
the
Duke
of
Florence
,
upon
the
Governours
refusing
to
deliver
the
Son
of
Sinan
the
Jew
,
held
Prisoner
there
,
since
his
being
taken
at
Tunis
,
and
after
that
committed
many
outrages
upon
the
Coast
of
Italy
;
burning
many
Towns
,
and
carrying
away
the
people
into
miserable
Captivity
,
but
he
long
enjoyed
not
his
Triumph
ere
himself
was
by
death
lead
into
Captivity
,
viz.
anno
1547.
In
which
year
died
Mahomet
,
Solyman's
Eldest
Son
,
Frances
the
French
King
,
and
Alphonsus-Daualus-Valtius
the
Emperours
renowned
General
.
Solyman
having
now
not
made
any
personal
Expedition
for
the
space
of
three
years
resolved
to
invade
the
Persian
King
,
being
solicited
thereto
by
Ercases
Imirza
King
of
Sirnan
,
and
that
Kings
Brother
,
but
after
great
toil
to
little
or
no
purpose
for
the
space
of
1
year
and
9
Months
,
he
returned
with
his
〈◊〉
,
to
Constantinople
,
Imirza
in
the
mean
while
being
delivered
to
his
brother
Tamas
the
Persian
King
by
Treachery
was
put
to
death
,
during
which
Transaction
one
Dugat
a
notable
Pirate
,
having
taken
Africa
a
City
in
Tunis
,
formerly
called
Aprodise
,
he
greatly
troubled
the
Moors
by
Land
and
the
Christians
by
Sea
,
when
to
remove
so
troublesome
a
man
,
the
Knights
of
Malta
passed
over
with
a
considerable
power
,
and
after
a
furious
assault
possessed
themselves
of
the
said
City
,
the
which
by
reason
it
was
not
tenable
without
excessive
charge
they
razed
,
carrying
away
a
rich
booty
,
and
7000
Captives
,
whereupon
the
Pirate
fled
to
Constantinople
,
craving
aid
of
Solyman
,
who
sent
with
him
Sinan
the
Jew
made
Admiral
in
the
stead
of
Barbarossa
,
with
a
great
Fleet
;
who
in
revenge
of
what
had
happened
to
Africa
,
landed
on
the
Island
of
Malta
,
and
attempted
(
though
in
vain
)
the
winning
that
strong
City
.
Yet
sailing
into
Africk
,
they
after
great
slaughter
of
their
men
took
Tripolis
in
Barbary
,
at
that
time
possessed
by
certain
of
the
Malta
Knights
,
for
which
Sinan
Bassa
having
as
it
were
Triumphed
,
left
Drugat
Governour
thereof
,
by
the
Title
of
Sansack
returned
to
Constantinople
.
Anno
1551.
Solyman
,
notwithstanding
the
five
years
peace
made
with
King
Ferdinand
,
sent
Achmetes
his
Lieutenant
in
Europe
,
to
invade
several
Towns
in
Hungary
,
who
upon
his
Arrival
took
Temeswar
and
Zolnock
,
which
Queen
Isabel
perceiving
,
and
that
the
Turk
contrary
to
his
Faith
plighted
,
daily
incroach
upon
her
Territories
,
whose
power
she
was
not
in
a
capacity
to
repel
by
force
,
she
agreed
with
King
Ferdinand
to
resign
her
and
her
Sons
Title
to
the
Kingdom
of
Hungary
in
consideration
of
Cassovia
,
and
a
yearly
pension
of
100000
Ducats
.
After
which
the
King
recovered
most
part
of
the
Kingdom
from
the
Turks
,
and
for
the
better
keeping
thereof
as
some
say
caused
George
Bishop
of
Veradium
,
a
great
favorite
of
Solymans
though
by
Birth
a
Hungarian
to
be
murthered
,
in
his
own
House
.
Upon
which
the
Bassa
of
Buda
drawing
together
what
Forces
be
could
Besieged
Agria
,
but
after
the
loss
of
many
of
his
best
Souldiers
he
gave
over
the
siege
.
Henry
succeeding
his
Brother
Francis
in
the
Kingdom
of
France
,
and
desirous
to
molest
the
Emperor
,
sent
the
Lord
Avomont
to
incite
Solyman
,
to
wast
the
Coast
of
Italy
;
whereupon
he
sending
a
great
Fleet
in
the
Tyrrenan
and
Tuscan
Seas
,
wasted
the
Coast
of
Calabria
,
S●cilia
,
Majorca
,
Sardinia
,
Elba
,
Corsica
and
Cerbe
,
the
Frontiers
of
the
Emperours
Dominions
,
and
the
same
year
,
viz.
anno
1554.
Solyman
incited
thereto
by
Roxolana
,
once
his
Slave
and
Concubine
,
but
now
his
imperious
Wife
,
and
by
the
Treacherous
insinuation
of
Rustan
Bassa
,
who
had
Married
Chameria
her
Daughter
by
Solyman
,
caused
his
Son
Mustapha
the
chief
hope
of
the
Oth●man
Family
,
begot
on
a
S●yrcassian
Woman
to
be
strangled
in
his
Pavilion
,
without
suffering
him
to
clear
himself
of
what
had
been
falsly
laid
to
his
charge
during
his
absence
,
the
which
barbarous
cruelty
when
Tzihunger
,
Roxolana's
Son
by
Solyman
,
whom
she
purposed
to
raise
to
the
Empire
after
his
decease
,
and
for
that
purpose
had
procured
the
death
of
Mustapha
,
came
to
know
he
had
detested
his
Fathers
cruelty
,
with
his
Dagger
killed
himself
,
and
fell
down
dead
upon
his
Brothers
dead
body
;
nor
was
Solyman
in
safety
when
the
matter
came
to
be
once
known
,
for
the
inraged
Souldiers
with
their
drawn
Swords
(
after
they
had
killed
a
great
number
of
those
that
came
thither
to
fetch
the
Riches
in
Mustaphaes
Tent
)
came
to
his
Pavilion
Threatning
him
with
present
Death
,
and
after
many
reproaches
were
hardly
appeased
,
swearing
at
their
departure
if
the
Accusers
of
Mustapha
were
not
brought
to
light
they
would
nevertheless
kill
him
,
when
to
satisfie
them
in
their
demands
,
he
deprived
Rustan
Bassa
of
all
his
Honours
,
taking
from
him
the
seal
whereof
he
had
the
keeping
,
and
delivered
it
to
Achomates
Bassa
,
and
Rustan
commanded
to
leave
the
Camp
upon
pain
of
Death
,
but
not
long
after
by
the
means
of
his
Mother-in-Law
,
who
had
by
the
means
of
a
Jew
,
bewitched
Solyman
with
her
charms
he
was
again
restored
,
and
to
make
way
for
him
Achomates
who
had
stept
up
into
his
places
of
Honour
by
Solyman's
command
,
in
the
Divano
causelesly
was
strangled
.
Whilest
these
things
were
doing
Haly
Bassa
having
for
a
long
time
besieged
Zigeth
,
defended
by
Marcus
Horworth
,
a
valiant
Captain
was
beaten
off
,
by
Polviller
and
Serineus
two
of
King
Ferdinandoes
Captains
with
the
loss
of
half
of
his
Army
.
Nor
fared
the
Turks
better
at
Sea
,
for
Guise
Lord
Prior
of
the
Knights
of
St.
John
in
France
,
took
six
Ships
and
Gallies
richly
laden
,
and
now
God
intending
to
punish
the
Tyrant
for
so
many
Murthers
suffered
his
Son
Bajazet
gotten
upon
Roxolana
,
to
rise
up
against
him
Arms
under
pretence
of
supplanting
his
Brother
Selymus
,
all
the
remainder
of
the
aforesaid
wicked
stock
,
who
by
setting
up
a
counterfeit
Mustapha
(
and
pretending
he
that
was
killed
was
no
other
,
but
one
much
resembling
the
true
Mustapha
,
sent
for
great
rewards
to
try
his
Fathers
fury
)
drew
after
him
a
World
of
people
being
secretly
encouraged
thereto
by
his
mother
,
who
preferred
him
before
his
Elder
Brother
whom
Solyman
would
have
his
Successor
,
and
such
was
her
power
with
Solyman
,
that
after
the
Plot
was
discovered
the
counterfeit
taken
and
executed
,
she
made
Bajazets
peace
and
restored
to
favour
as
much
as
ever
;
yet
such
was
the
fiery
nature
of
the
head
strong
youth
,
that
knowing
his
Life
was
dated
with
his
Fathers
,
if
his
Brother
succeeded
him
he
again
took
up
Arms
,
being
generally
favoured
of
the
Soldiers
,
against
whom
Selymus
was
sent
with
a
great
Army
,
between
whom
was
fought
a
dreadful
Battle
,
in
which
300
Turks
were
slain
,
and
Bajazet
put
to
the
worst
,
who
after
much
adverse
fortune
flying
to
the
Persian
King
,
was
by
the
procurement
of
Solyman
contrary
to
Faith
given
by
the
Persian
,
he
together
with
his
four
Sons
was
mur●●●●ed
.
Anno
1558
Charles
the
Fifth
,
and
warlike
Emperour
of
Germany
,
stricken
in
years
,
and
worn
out
with
the
toils
of
tedious
War
,
resigned
the
Empire
to
his
Brother
Ferdinand
,
having
before
put
his
son
Philip
in
possession
of
all
Hereditary
Kingdoms
,
and
then
retiring
lead
a
private
Life
,
and
shortly
after
changed
it
for
Life
Eternal
;
after
he
had
with
great
reverence
and
integrity
Reigned
39
years
,
after
whose
death
at
the
earnest
request
of
the
Knights
of
Malta
,
the
Christian
Princes
set
out
a
Fleet
for
the
recovery
of
Tripolis
in
Barbary
,
when
coming
to
the
Island
of
Zerbi
belonging
to
the
Turks
they
spoiled
it
,
and
after
a
small
battery
to
the
Castle
in
which
the
Islanders
put
their
cheif
hope
,
but
this
Expedition
proved
unfortunate
to
the
Christians
:
for
Pial
Bassa
Solymans
Admiral
,
coming
upon
them
with
a
great
Fleet
,
suddainly
surprized
many
of
the
Ships
and
Gallies
out
of
order
,
and
unable
to
make
resistance
,
took
them
and
put
most
of
those
he
found
therein
to
the
Sword
,
and
such
as
could
stand
off
to
Sea
fled
,
leaving
Don
Alvarus
De
Sandee
a
valiant
Gentleman
of
great
Spirit
,
and
long
Experience
,
General
of
the
Christian
Forces
on
shoar
,
who
together
with
such
as
were
sied
from
the
Fleet
entered
the
Castle
,
which
was
most
resolutely
defended
till
such
time
as
hunger
and
thirst
compell
him
to
surrender
,
not
less
then
18000
Christians
by
one
means
or
other
being
lost
,
from
the
setting
out
of
the
Fleet
to
the
time
the
Castle
was
delivered
to
the
Turks
,
the
which
by
the
Bassa
being
strongly
Garrisoned
,
he
with
the
Christian
Captives
there
taken
returned
in
Triumph
to
Constantinople
,
and
long
was
ere
the
Spanish
and
Italian
Nobility
there
taken
could
be
ransomed
;
and
to
make
up
this
unluckly
year
,
viz.
1560.
on
the
25th
.
day
of
November
,
Auria
the
great
Sea
Captain
died
being
94
years
old
,
to
the
great
Rejoycing
of
the
Turkish
Pirates
whose
terror
he
had
been
for
more
then
Thirty
years
,
nor
was
the
following
year
fortunate
,
for
King
Philip
of
Spain
sending
out
his
Fleet
under
Mendoza
his
Admiral
,
Five
and
Twenty
Ships
and
Gallies
by
stress
of
Weather
were
broken
on
the
Coast
of
Sicily
,
on
one
of
which
the
Admiral
perished
,
little
or
nothing
being
saved
in
that
dismal
and
unexpected
Calamity
.
Anno
1562.
The
Emperour
Ferdinand
so
laboured
with
the
Electoral
Princes
,
that
he
procured
his
son
Maximillian
then
King
of
Bchemia
,
a
Prince
of
great
hope
to
be
chosen
K.
of
the
Romans
,
who
likewise
the
year
following
,
on
the
8th
.
of
September
with
all
solemnity
Crowned
at
Presburg
King
of
Hungaria
,
to
confirm
which
choice
Solyman
sent
Ibrahim
Bassa
as
his
Ambassador
,
to
the
Emperour
,
as
likewise
to
conclude
in
his
name
an
eight
years
peace
,
and
the
better
to
gain
credit
,
he
sent
his
Letters
of
credence
not
usually
done
by
the
Turkish
Emperors
,
whose
proud
stile
therein
,
I
think
not
amiss
to
insert
which
take
as
followeth
.
I
the
Lord
of
Lords
,
Ruler
of
the
East
and
West
,
who
am
of
power
to
do
and
not
to
do
whatsoever
pleaseth
me
,
Lord
of
all
Grecia
,
Persia
,
and
Arabia
,
Commander
of
all
things
which
can
be
subject
to
King
and
Command
,
the
great
worthy
of
these
times
,
and
strong
Champion
of
the
wide
World
,
Lord
of
all
the
white
and
black
Seas
,
and
of
the
Holy
City
of
Mecha
,
shining
with
the
brightness
of
God
,
of
the
City
of
Medina
,
and
of
the
Holy
and
Chast
City
of
Jerusalem
,
King
of
the
most
noble
Kingdom
of
Egypt
,
Lord
of
Jovia
and
of
the
City
of
Athens
,
Senan
,
of
the
Sacred
Temple
of
God
,
Zabilon
,
and
Bassio
,
Rethsans
and
Magodini
,
the
Seat
and
Throne
of
the
great
King
of
Nashin
Rettam
,
and
Lord
of
the
Island
of
Argiers
,
Prince
of
the
Kingdom
of
Tartary
,
Mesopotamia
,
Media
of
the
Georgians
,
Morea
,
Anatolia
,
Asia
,
Armenia
,
Valachia
,
Moldavia
,
and
of
all
Hungary
,
and
many
other
Kingdoms
and
Territories
whereof
I
am
Emperour
.
The
most
mighty
Monarch
Sultan
Solyman
,
Son
of
the
great
Emperour
Sultan
Selym
,
who
hath
power
from
God
to
rule
all
People
with
a
bridle
,
and
strength
to
break
open
the
Gates
and
Bars
of
all
Cities
,
and
strong
places
,
into
whose
mighty
hand
are
delivered
all
the
ends
of
the
World
,
none
excepted
,
I
Ruler
of
the
East
,
from
the
Island
of
Tsein
unto
the
farthest
bounds
of
Africa
,
whom
God
hath
appointed
a
mighty
Warrior
in
the
edge
of
Sword
,
amongst
whose
most
mighty
Kingdoms
the
impregnable
Castle
of
Caesarie
,
is
reputed
the
least
,
and
in
whose
Hereditary
Dominions
the
Kingdom
or
Empire
of
Alexander
the
Great
is
accounted
of
us
a
trifle
,
with
me
is
the
strength
of
the
whole
World
,
and
Virtue
of
the
Firmament
.
For
as
much
as
thou
King
Ferdinand
,
&c.
Their
audacious
stile
being
read
in
the
German
Court
,
moved
some
to
indignation
,
and
others
to
secret
laughter
,
yet
the
necessity
requiring
it
,
peace
was
concluded
,
but
kept
no
longer
then
the
Emperour
lived
;
for
upon
his
Death
which
happened
two
years
after
,
viz.
1564.
new
troubles
arose
in
Hungary
,
and
several
Towns
and
Castles
were
won
and
lost
on
either
side
,
whereupon
Solyman
resolved
in
person
to
come
into
Hungary
,
but
upon
second
thoughts
he
changed
his
mind
,
and
bent
his
Forces
against
the
Island
of
Malta
lying
between
Africa
and
Sicilia
,
in
length
twenty
and
in
breadth
twelve
miles
,
exceeding
fruitful
and
pleansantly
scituate
were
it
not
in
Summer
time
too
much
scorched
by
the
Sun
,
which
deprives
the
inhabitants
of
their
fresh
water
,
before
which
the
Turks
coming
with
a
Fleet
of
Two
Hundred
Ships
and
Gallies
,
after
some
loss
sustained
both
by
the
Sea
and
Islanders
,
Landed
and
layed
siege
to
St.
Michaels
Castle
,
which
they
furiously
battered
,
but
it
being
defended
by
several
Knights
of
the
Order
,
they
received
great
loss
before
it
,
whereupon
they
consulted
amongst
themselves
to
leave
the
siege
of
St.
Michael
and
besiege
the
Castle
of
St.
Elmo
,
the
which
with
the
loss
of
18000
of
their
men
they
took
,
when
in
the
mean
while
Valetta
,
the
Great
Master
fortified
St.
Michael
both
City
and
Castle
sending
to
the
Viceroy
of
Sicilia
for
aid
,
but
the
Turks
incouraged
by
the
comming
of
the
King
of
Argier
,
with
his
Ships
and
a
great
supply
of
Victuals
besieged
St.
Michaels
Castle
a
second
time
,
as
also
the
City
Thundering
against
it
for
the
space
of
eight
days
without
intermission
,
but
such
was
the
courage
of
the
besieged
,
that
they
either
repaired
the
breaches
,
or
beat
back
the
Assailants
who
made
such
slaughter
of
those
that
attempted
to
enter
,
that
their
dead
bodies
filling
the
breaches
served
as
a
Rampire
to
keep
out
the
rest
,
and
thus
they
continued
furious
to
assault
the
City
almost
every
day
,
till
upon
notice
of
the
Viceroy
of
Sicily's
approach
with
a
great
power
both
by
Sea
and
Land
,
they
raised
their
siege
and
departed
to
meet
him
near
Melita
,
where
in
a
set
Battle
they
were
overthrown
,
and
most
of
them
slain
with
the
loss
of
5000
Christians
onely
,
yet
those
that
escaped
in
their
return
landed
on
the
Island
Chios
and
took
it
,
it
being
before
almost
deserted
of
its
inhabitants
,
by
reason
it
lay
always
obnoxious
to
the
fury
of
the
barbarous
Infidels
.
Solyman
inraged
at
this
defeat
resolved
to
revenge
himself
upon
the
Christian
Princes
,
and
therefore
with
a
great
Army
undertook
his
before
determined
War
against
Hungary
,
solicited
thereto
by
the
Vayvod
of
Tra●sylvania
,
who
hoped
to
be
made
King
thereof
;
but
Maximilian
being
Crowned
Emperour
,
he
railed
a
great
power
being
aided
by
the
German
Princes
,
and
sent
them
under
the
leading
of
several
valiant
Captains
,
but
especially
Count
Serenus
,
and
Count
Helffeustin
whose
good
Fortunes
proved
such
,
that
within
a
short
time
the
Turks
were
stripped
out
of
most
of
their
Garrisons
,
and
a
great
number
of
them
slain
,
for
Maximillian
the
Emperour
,
long
before
advertised
of
Solymans
purpose
had
raised
as
is
said
,
a
gallant
Army
,
consisting
of
40000
Horse
and
Foot
,
the
flower
of
all
Christian
Nations
,
besides
a
Fleet
upon
the
River
Danubius
,
which
hindered
the
Turks
Provisions
and
other
necessaries
from
being
brought
by
water
.
By
this
time
Solyman
coming
to
the
River
Dromus
,
over
which
with
infinite
labour
he
caused
a
Bridge
to
be
made
for
the
passage
of
his
Army
,
which
done
he
encamped
before
Sigeth
,
of
which
Count
Serenus
was
made
Governour
,
a
valiant
man
,
and
mortal
Enemy
to
the
Turks
attended
on
by
a
Garrison
of
2300
resolute
Germans
and
Hungarians
,
who
like
a
brave
Souldier
with
a
most
Christian
Oration
incouraged
his
men
,
not
to
be
dismaid
at
the
multitude
of
their
Enemies
,
but
to
trust
in
God
,
and
be
of
good
courage
,
for
he
by
his
Almighty
power
was
able
by
a
few
to
confound
the
Armies
of
the
proud
.
Concluding
that
as
for
himself
,
as
he
was
a
Christian
and
free
born
so
he
would
by
the
Grace
of
God
,
in
the
same
Faith
and
Freedom
end
his
dayes
,
and
that
no
proud
Turk
so
long
as
he
could
hold
up
his
hand
should
have
power
to
command
over
him
,
or
the
ground
whereon
he
stood
,
nor
failed
he
in
his
resolves
,
for
after
he
had
done
all
that
man
was
capable
of
doing
,
killing
such
numbers
of
Turks
,
that
the
Plains
lay
scattered
with
the
dead
,
the
Walls
being
for
the
most
part
beaten
down
,
and
the
Town
fired
about
his
Eares
,
the
Turks
in
great
number
entring
every
where
,
and
no
relief
coming
to
his
assistance
,
he
called
the
poor
remainder
of
his
Souldiers
about
him
,
with
whom
he
was
retired
into
the
Castle
and
with
an
undaunted
resolution
,
spake
these
his
last
words
.
The
hard
fortune
of
this
sinful
Kingdom
,
hath
together
with
our
own
overtaken
us
,
but
let
us
,
noble
Hearts
,
indure
with
Patience
whatsoever
is
by
God
to
us
assigned
,
you
know
what
we
have
before
promised
,
which
hitherto
God
be
thanked
,
we
have
accordingly
performed
,
and
now
let
us
with
like
resolutions
perform
this
last
,
the
place
you
see
is
not
longer
to
be
kept
,
the
devouring
fire
grows
fast
upon
us
and
we
in
number
are
but
few
;
wherefore
let
us
as
becometh
valiant
men
break
out
into
the
utter
Castle
,
and
there
dye
fighting
in
the
midst
of
our
Enemies
to
live
afterwards
with
God
for
ever
,
I
will
be
the
first
that
will
go
out
follow
me
like
men
.
Thus
having
said
,
the
Heroick
Count
worthy
of
Eternal
fame
,
or
a
name
greater
then
ever
Roman
yet
could
boast
,
with
his
Sword
in
his
hand
charged
the
thickest
of
his
foes
,
laying
them
round
him
on
heaps
,
even
till
the
Rampart
of
the
dead
hemmed
him
in
,
nor
durst
the
Turks
with
their
multitude
incounter
him
long
at
close
fight
,
but
cowardly
at
a
distance
shot
him
through
the
head
upon
which
he
fell
dead
amongst
the
heaps
of
his
Enemies
,
in
token
of
whose
matchless
prowess
the
Turks
buryed
his
body
and
sent
his
head
as
a
token
of
his
being
slain
to
Count
Salma
his
kinsman
in
the
Emperours
camp
with
this
following
Letter
.
Muhamet
Bassa
to
Eccius
Salma
,
gree●ing
.
In
token
of
my
Love
,
behold
here
I
〈◊〉
thee
the
head
of
a
most
resolute
and
valiant
Captain
,
thy
Friend
,
the
remainder
of
his
body
I
have
honestly
buryed
,
as
became
such
a
man
,
&c.
That
which
lightened
the
Christians
sadness
for
the
loss
of
so
brave
a
Captain
,
and
the
taking
of
Sigeth
,
was
the
Death
of
Solyman
,
who
far
spent
with
years
and
distempers
died
at
Quinque
Ecclesiae
of
the
Bloody
Flux
,
on
the
4th
.
of
September
,
anno
1566.
when
he
had
lived
76
years
,
and
reigned
46
,
not
living
to
see
the
end
of
the
siege
;
his
death
was
by
the
Bassa
kept
secret
to
prevent
disorder
in
the
Army
,
who
according
to
their
wonted
policy
satisfied
the
inquisitive
Janizaries
by
shewing
them
his
dead
body
sitting
in
his
Horse-litter
,
giving
it
out
that
he
was
extream
ill
when
after
Sigeth
having
by
Treason
taken
Gyula
,
for
which
the
Traytor
was
afterward
deservedly
put
to
death
by
Selymus
Solymans
successor
,
the
Bassa's
with
the
Army
returned
to
Constantinople
where
they
published
the
death
of
Solyman
,
and
proclaimed
Selymus
his
now
onely
remaining
Son
Emperour
in
his
stead
.
CHAP.
XVI
.
Selymus
the
second
of
that
name
,
and
fifth
Emperor
of
the
Turks
,
His
Life
and
Actions
.
SOlyman
being
dead
upon
the
return
of
the
Army
out
of
Hungaria
towards
Constantinople
,
Mabumet
Bassa
by
letters
advertised
Selymus
thereof
then
residing
at
Cutai
a
City
of
Galatia
who
glad
of
the
news
hasted
to
take
possession
of
the
so
long
expected
Empire
,
when
being
conducted
over
the
straights
of
Bosphorus
,
he
was
by
Bostanges
Bassas
,
and
Scander
Bassa
conveighed
into
the
Imperial
Pallace
on
the
23
of
September
,
Anno
1566
,
from
whence
he
departed
to
meet
his
fathers
Corps
,
not
yet
arrived
at
Constantinople
,
upon
the
meeting
of
which
he
caused
the
Insignes
to
be
let
fall
,
in
token
of
the
Emperors
death
,
which
had
been
till
that
time
kept
secret
from
the
Soldiers
,
to
prevent
disorders
,
and
so
with
it
Marching
in
the
head
of
the
Army
returned
to
Constantinople
,
being
first
by
the
men
of
War
saluted
Emperor
;
who
upon
his
Arrival
,
to
quiet
the
unruly
Soldiers
distributed
a
large
sum
of
mony
amongst
them
,
with
a
Promise
to
augment
their
wages
as
is
usual
at
the
installment
of
the
Ottoman
Emperors
,
or
else
by
reason
of
the
insolency
of
the
Janizaries
and
other
Soldiers
of
the
Court
of
their
Pallace
would
prove
too
hot
to
hold
them
.
Selimus
thus
setled
in
his
Empire
,
with
Royal
solemnity
buried
his
father
,
in
a
Chappel
which
he
afterward
built
,
together
with
a
Colledge
and
Hospital
,
erecting
over
him
a
stately
Tomb
,
near
unto
which
is
at
this
day
to
be
seen
the
Magnificent
Tomb
of
his
beloved
wife
Roxolana
,
mother
to
Selimus
,
and
of
certain
of
his
Murthered
children
.
By
him
hangs
his
Scimiter
,
in
token
that
he
dyed
in
war
,
an
honour
not
otherwise
granted
to
the
Mahometan
Princes
.
The
Revenues
arising
of
the
Countrey
about
Sigeth
,
won
from
the
Christians
a
little
before
his
death
,
were
given
to
maintain
the
houses
by
him
built
for
devotion
,
which
for
Magnificence
exceed
all
others
Erected
by
the
Mahometan
Kings
and
Emperors
,
except
those
of
Mahomet
the
Great
,
and
Bajazet
the
Second
.
It
was
by
many
thought
that
Soliman
was
in
good
time
taken
out
of
the
way
,
for
that
he
resolving
to
winter
in
Hungary
the
next
Spring
purposed
with
himself
to
have
over-run
Austria
,
and
a
great
part
of
Germany
.
Anno
1567
,
Solyman
being
dead
great
trouble
arose
notwithstanding
in
Hungary
,
occasioned
by
John
the
Vayvod
of
Transilvania
,
who
used
his
utmost
endeavour
to
dispossess
Maximilian
the
Emperor
of
those
Cities
and
Fortresses
he
held
in
that
Kingdom
,
but
they
were
soon
after
appeased
by
a
peace
concluded
between
the
two
Emperors
,
Maximilian
and
Selimus
.
The
principal
points
on
which
the
peace
depended
being
these
.
That
the
German
Emperor
should
yearly
pay
30000
Ducates
to
Selimus
,
as
a
Tribute
for
Hungary
,
the
Tribute
to
begin
upon
the
conclusion
of
the
Articles
of
Peace
.
That
the
Subjects
of
the
Turks
should
pay
nothing
to
the
Subjects
of
the
Emperor
,
nor
on
the
other
side
the
subjects
of
the
Emperor
pay
nothing
to
the
Subjects
of
the
Turks
,
but
to
remain
both
of
them
exempted
from
payment
of
Tax
,
Duty
or
Contribution
,
and
that
either
Prince
should
inviolably
hold
what
he
was
in
possession
of
at
the
conclusion
of
the
Treaty
,
which
peace
was
confirmed
for
the
space
of
8
years
;
in
which
was
included
the
Vayvod
of
Transilvania
,
as
the
Turks
Tributary
.
This
peace
was
concluded
Anno
1568
,
as
was
likwise
the
year
following
a
peace
concluded
between
Selymus
and
Tamas
the
Persian
Kings
after
which
the
Turk
desirous
to
undertake
some
〈◊〉
exploit
,
that
might
get
him
a
name
,
and
out
of
the
Revenues
of
which
he
might
build
him
a
Temple
exceeding
any
of
his
Predecessors
,
which
those
superstitious
people
hold
to
be
for
the
good
of
their
souls
;
be
plotted
in
his
mind
many
things
,
but
at
length
being
by
his
mischievous
Counsellors
,
of
whom
he
wanted
not
,
he
was
●●ged
to
the
conquest
of
the
rich
Island
of
Cyprus
,
lying
in
the
Cicilian
Sea
,
and
hath
on
the
West
Pamphilia
,
on
the
East
Siria
,
on
the
South
Egypt
,
and
on
the
North
Cilicia
,
now
called
Caramania
.
This
Island
at
such
time
as
Selymus
was
intent
on
the
conquest
thereof
,
was
in
the
possession
of
the
Venetians
,
with
whom
he
had
contracted
a
League
since
the
death
of
Solyman
;
but
in
vain
are
Leagues
with
Infidels
any
longer
then
they
serve
their
own
turns
,
yet
Muhamates
the
Great
Bassa
laboured
all
he
could
to
disswade
him
therefrom
;
and
Marcus
Antonius
Barbarus
the
Venetian
Ambassador
then
residing
at
Constantinople
so
wrought
that
he
procured
the
lascivious
Turk
to
send
Cubates
as
his
Ambassador
to
the
Senate
of
Venice
,
with
a
letter
to
certifie
them
upon
what
grounds
he
undertook
to
invade
their
Territory
since
the
League
had
till
that
time
been
kept
inviolable
,
which
was
done
more
to
gain
time
,
then
for
any
hope
he
had
that
Selymus
would
alter
his
determination
;
which
Ambassador
not
obtaining
what
Selymus
desired
,
which
was
to
have
the
fertil
Island
peaceably
put
into
his
possession
,
but
on
the
contrary
finding
the
Venetians
resolved
to
desend
it
with
all
their
power
he
returned
again
to
his
faithless
Master
,
and
related
what
he
had
in
charge
;
whereupon
the
Great
Fleet
before
prepared
for
the
invasion
of
Cyprus
,
put
to
Sea
,
Mustapha
Bassa
being
General
of
all
the
Forces
,
and
within
a
while
stood
with
the
said
Island
,
where
the
greedy
Turks
landing
,
spoiled
many
goodly
Villages
,
and
after
some
deliberation
having
by
prisoners
taken
,
understood
the
constitution
of
the
Countrey
,
and
of
what
strength
the
Islanders
were
,
resolved
to
besiege
Nicosia
,
a
City
standing
in
the
midst
of
the
Island
,
in
a
plain
and
Champain
ground
,
being
in
circuit
about
five
miles
,
incompassed
with
a
strong
wall
,
defended
by
eleven
strong
Bulwarks
,
and
three
great
Fortresses
,
raised
by
the
Venetians
,
the
Governour
of
which
was
Nicalaus
Dandalus
,
a
man
too
weak
for
so
great
a
burthen
,
as
having
been
alwayes
brought
up
in
civil
affairs
;
in
Garison
were
8000
horse
and
foot
,
but
most
of
them
raw
soldiers
,
and
not
acquainted
with
Martial
discipline
,
too
few
to
oppose
so
powerful
an
Army
as
the
Bassa
drew
after
him
,
which
consisted
of
near
150000
horse
and
foot
.
On
the
22
of
July
Anno
1569
the
Bassa
with
his
Army
Encamped
within
a
mile
and
half
of
the
City
,
covering
with
their
Tents
the
hill
called
Mandia
,
and
with
incredible
labour
bringing
their
Trenches
from
far
,
cast
up
several
Forts
which
they
raised
so
high
,
that
they
overlooked
the
walls
of
the
City
,
and
from
their
Mounts
terribly
battered
the
walls
with
seventy
pieces
of
great
Artillery
,
whose
dreadful
thundring
made
the
earth
to
tremble
,
and
having
by
this
time
run
their
Trenches
to
the
brim
of
the
ditch
,
hotly
assaulted
the
City
in
several
places
,
which
was
as
valiantly
defended
by
the
besieged
,
insomuch
that
the
ditches
were
well
nigh
filled
on
that
side
with
the
bodies
of
the
slain
,
and
what
was
beaten
down
in
the
day
time
was
with
great
labour
repaired
in
the
night
.
During
these
passages
the
Venetians
having
leagued
with
the
Pope
,
King
of
Spain
,
and
several
of
the
Italian
Princes
,
prepared
their
fleet
,
consisting
in
all
of
one
hundred
and
seventeen
sail
;
but
whiles
they
lingered
for
the
Additional
Forces
of
the
King
of
Spain
,
the
plague
so
raged
amongst
the
Marriners
and
Souldiers
,
that
twenty
thousand
dyed
e'r
its
fury
was
abated
,
and
amongst
them
many
men
of
account
,
but
it
ceasing
,
and
the
summer
half
spent
,
the
Venetian
Admiral
no
longer
expecting
the
coming
of
the
Spaniards
,
sailed
to
Corcyra
,
and
there
calling
a
Council
,
it
was
resolved
they
should
pass
over
to
Cyprus
and
destroy
the
Turks
fleet
;
but
in
the
height
of
this
expedition
dyed
Petrus
Loridanus
Duke
of
Venice
,
Leaving
the
care
of
the
war
to
Aloysius
Mocenicus
,
who
succeeded
him
in
the
Dukedom
.
Mustapha
advertized
of
the
approach
of
the
Christian
fleet
,
used
his
utmost
endeavour
to
carry
the
City
by
assault
,
but
being
valiantly
repulsed
,
he
caused
several
letters
to
be
shot
over
the
walls
fastened
to
Turkish
Arrows
,
therein
perswading
the
Citizens
to
open
their
gates
,
and
receive
him
their
Mild
and
Merciful
Conqueror
,
and
that
in
so
doing
they
should
deliver
themselves
from
the
miseries
that
attended
on
besieged
Cities
;
but
these
fair
promises
nothing
prevailing
,
he
incouraged
his
soldiers
to
a
fresh
Assault
,
in
attempting
which
he
lost
4000
of
his
men
,
and
was
forced
to
sound
the
retreat
;
but
in
the
many
conflicts
the
Christians
being
wasted
either
by
death
,
sickness
,
or
wounds
,
expecting
succours
from
the
Princes
of
the
West
,
and
none
coming
to
their
aid
,
wearyed
with
continual
watching
,
the
Turks
in
the
dead
of
the
night
secretly
entred
a
Bulwark
the
day
before
sore
battered
by
the
Ordnance
from
the
mount
,
and
putting
the
drousie
Italians
and
Epirots
,
they
found
therein
to
the
sword
,
e'r
the
Allarm
could
be
taken
;
let
in
such
a
number
of
their
fellows
,
that
the
besieged
were
not
able
to
repell
them
,
but
with
the
continual
Vollies
of
shot
,
were
on
all
sides
overwhelmed
,
which
Eugenius
a
valiant
Captain
perceiving
,
and
as
a
man
desperate
,
endeavouring
to
retain
his
flying
Soldiers
,
in
thickest
danger
,
was
slain
by
a
Harquibus
shot
;
and
now
the
Turks
like
a
Torrent
flowing
in
at
all
the
Ports
,
made
such
destruction
that
it
was
lamentable
to
behold
,
sparing
in
their
fury
neither
man
woman
nor
child
;
whereupon
the
Soldiers
and
many
of
the
Citizens
,
casting
themselves
in
a
Ring
in
the
Market-place
,
with
their
weapons
in
their
hands
,
as
men
desperate
,
resolved
to
dye
fighting
,
against
whom
the
Governour
of
Aleppo
caused
several
Murthering
Pieces
to
be
bent
,
which
they
perceiving
,
and
finding
they
should
be
killed
at
a
distance
,
without
having
power
to
revenge
themselves
on
their
Enemy
,
cast
down
their
weapons
,
and
yeilded
themselves
to
the
mercy
of
the
Enemy
,
and
were
thereupon
for
a
while
spared
;
but
the
Gates
being
strongly
guarded
,
that
none
should
escape
,
Dandalus
the
Governour
,
Contarenus
Bishop
of
Paphos
,
and
other
the
chief
men
of
the
City
,
having
retired
themselves
into
the
Town-hall
,
there
resolving
to
dye
like
men
,
if
they
could
find
no
other
means
to
escape
,
sent
to
the
Bassa
for
life
,
which
request
he
seemed
well
to
approve
;
but
whilst
messengers
passed
too
and
fro
,
the
barbarous
Turks
broke
in
upon
them
,
and
put
them
all
to
the
sword
,
when
raging
on
they
likewise
killed
all
those
that
had
submitted
themselves
,
and
were
taken
to
mercy
,
as
is
supposed
not
without
the
secret
command
of
the
Bassa
,
a
deadly
enemy
to
the
Christians
;
and
so
great
was
the
inhumane
slaughter
that
eighteen
thousand
were
in
all
reported
to
perish
by
the
sword
,
neither
was
there
any
end
of
the
spoil
,
till
the
avaritious
enemy
had
carryed
away
all
that
long
peace
had
accumulated
,
which
according
to
the
moderatest
computation
amounted
to
20000
Millions
of
Ducates
;
and
notwithstanding
the
fury
of
the
Barbarous
Enemy
200
youths
were
reserved
,
and
sent
as
a
present
to
Selymus
in
order
to
his
training
them
up
in
the
order
of
Janizaries
.
In
the
City
likewise
were
taken
two
hundred
and
fifty
Pieces
of
Great
Ordnance
.
This
City
was
won
on
the
9
of
September
,
1570
,
and
to
this
day
remains
in
the
hands
of
the
Turks
,
as
doth
the
whole
Island
.
Nicosia
won
,
the
Bassa
sent
one
of
his
Sanzacks
to
summon
the
City
of
Cyrene
of
which
Palacius
was
Governour
,
who
upon
sight
of
the
Turks
Army
cowardly
yeilded
the
same
into
their
hands
;
which
so
heightened
their
courage
,
that
they
laid
siege
to
Famagusta
,
sending
to
Summon
it
to
Surrender
,
but
finding
the
resolution
of
the
Garrison
to
defend
it
,
and
withall
having
notice
that
the
Christian
Fleet
was
at
hand
,
he
raised
his
siege
,
and
billeted
his
soldiers
for
that
winter
,
in
certain
villages
adjacent
,
nor
was
Fames
rumour
founded
upon
idle
report
,
for
the
Fleet
set
out
by
the
King
of
Spain
,
the
Venetions
,
and
the
Pope
,
commanded
by
Auria
Zanius
and
Columnius
loosing
from
Crect
,
had
given
the
Turks
battle
,
had
not
Auria
the
Spanish
Admiral
opposed
it
,
and
after
him
many
of
the
Great
Commanders
;
for
Zanius
and
Venetian
Admiral
,
and
Commnius
the
Popes
Admiral
absolutely
declared
that
they
had
express
Command
to
fight
the
Turks
,
but
the
other
alledging
the
great
disadvantage
they
should
receive
by
fighting
upon
the
Enemies
Coast
,
and
the
weakness
of
the
Fleet
by
reason
of
the
Pestilence
that
had
destroyed
the
most
expert
Seamen
abruptly
departed
for
Messina
,
leaving
the
other
Admirals
to
shift
for
themselves
,
who
not
able
to
contend
with
so
powerful
an
Enemy
returned
likewise
to
Corcyra
,
where
by
a
Decree
of
the
Senate
,
Zanius
the
Venetian
Admiral
was
discharged
of
his
command
,
and
sent
prisoner
to
Venice
,
and
Sebastianus
Venerius
Governour
of
Coroyra
Commissioned
Admiral
in
his
stead
.
The
rich
prey
for
the
most
part
taken
in
Nicolia
,
being
put
on
board
the
Admirals
Gally
,
a
Woman
Captive
taken
there
,
in
a
desperate
Mood
giving
fire
to
the
Gunpowder
blew
up
the
Gally
,
and
by
that
blow
beat
in
pieces
two
others
that
lay
near
it
,
destroying
thereby
a
great
number
of
Turks
,
the
Bassa
himself
narrowly
escaping
by
being
a
little
before
gone
on
shoar
.
The
new
Admiral
of
the
Venetians
to
get
him
a
name
resolving
to
attempt
something
upon
the
Turks
,
and
having
a
fit
opportunity
offered
he
sailed
into
the
Bay
of
Ambriaca
,
and
by
the
aid
of
the
Mountain
people
inhabiting
.
Acroceraunian
took
the
strong
Castle
of
Chimaera
putting
to
the
Sword
and
taking
Prisoners
300
Turks
there
ingarrisoned
,
and
not
long
after
Querinus
the
Vice-Admiral
sailing
along
the
Coast
of
Peloponesus
,
Landed
his
men
near
the
Bay
of
Maine
,
and
in
five
hours
took
a
strong
Castle
of
the
Turks
,
built
to
guard
the
pass
,
and
in
it
500
Turks
,
whom
he
caused
to
be
put
to
the
Sword
,
and
taking
out
the
Ordinance
caused
the
Castle
to
be
razed
.
The
City
of
Famagustan
being
again
blocked
up
by
the
Turks
huge
Camp
,
the
Governour
sent
Hieronimus
Ragazonius
Bishop
of
the
City
,
and
Nicholaus
Donaius
to
Venice
,
they
to
make
known
to
the
Senate
the
danger
the
besieged
were
in
,
and
to
require
them
not
to
delay
sending
them
succour
,
whereupon
the
Senators
wrote
to
the
Admiral
,
to
put
a
supply
both
of
men
and
provision
who
commiting
the
care
thereof
to
Quirinus
the
Vice-Admiral
,
he
as
an
undaunted
Captain
filling
four
Ships
with
all
manner
of
Provision
,
and
1700
select
Souldiers
,
waiting
his
opportunity
with
Twelve
Gallies
,
accompanyed
them
to
the
mouth
of
the
Port
which
Ships
the
Turks
that
lay
at
Anchor
beholding
,
came
forth
in
hope
of
a
prize
,
but
being
set
upon
by
the
Gallies
were
obliged
to
retire
in
great
disorder
,
and
run
themselves
for
the
most
part
on
shoar
;
where
they
were
beaten
in
pieces
by
the
great
Ordnance
from
the
Venetian
Gallies
,
and
then
entring
the
Haven
relieved
the
Citizens
as
he
had
in
charge
,
to
their
unexpressible
joy
;
when
coming
forth
again
and
roaming
about
the
Seas
,
he
took
two
of
the
Enemies
Ships
richly
laden
,
who
were
coming
to
the
Camp
in
Cyprus
,
and
then
wasted
the
Coasts
of
Pamphilia
he
returned
to
Venice
,
the
news
of
which
coming
to
the
knowledge
of
Selymus
,
it
so
inraged
him
that
he
caused
the
Governour
of
Chios
his
head
to
be
stricken
off
,
the
Governour
of
Rhodes
to
be
discharged
of
his
Government
and
Pial
Bassa
,
to
be
turned
out
from
being
Admiral
.
The
Turks
encroaching
thus
upon
Christendom
did
not
a
little
Alarum
the
Confederate
Princes
,
insomuch
that
they
again
consult
how
to
withstand
the
barbarous
Enemy
,
and
if
possible
to
relieve
the
remaining
Cities
of
Cyprus
,
but
were
a
long
while
ere
they
came
to
any
conclusion
.
In
which
space
after
many
terrible
assaults
,
and
the
loss
of
14000
Turks
,
Tramogusta
was
taken
,
and
all
manner
of
cruelties
exercised
(
contrary
to
the
Faith
of
the
Bassa
before
given
)
on
the
Souldiers
and
Citizens
,
and
the
same
risque
soon
after
run
all
the
other
Cities
of
Cyprus
,
but
by
this
time
the
Ambassadors
sent
by
the
Venetians
to
Tamas
the
Persian
King
to
joyn
in
League
with
the
Confederate
Princes
being
returned
,
with
onely
this
answer
,
that
the
Persian
would
not
hastily
enter
into
a
War
against
the
Turk
,
but
would
for
two
years
expect
the
success
of
the
Christians
Arms
,
the
King
of
Spain
,
Venetians
and
Pope
,
with
several
of
the
Italian
Princes
entred
into
a
perpetual
League
,
and
with
all
diligence
prepared
their
Fleet
against
the
spring
,
every
one
being
proportioned
his
charge
in
the
War
,
and
to
have
proportion
of
the
spoiles
,
to
be
taken
according
to
the
number
of
Ships
and
Gallies
set
forth
.
By
this
time
the
Turks
having
possessed
themselves
of
the
famous
Island
of
Cyprus
,
and
not
content
therewith
gaped
for
Crete
,
now
called
Candia
,
lying
in
the
Mediterranean
,
and
once
as
Seneca
and
others
witness
possessed
of
100
Cities
,
being
exceeding
fruitful
,
and
then
in
the
possession
of
the
Venetians
,
on
which
the
Turks
landing
in
great
number
,
did
what
harm
they
possibly
could
,
by
burning
and
spoiling
all
they
found
in
their
way
,
till
at
length
they
were
incountered
by
Francisous
Justinianus
who
but
a
little
before
their
Landing
came
into
the
Island
with
a
1000
Souldiers
,
and
now
joyning
with
the
Islanders
,
charged
them
as
they
dispersed
to
seek
for
prey
with
such
fury
,
that
killing
many
of
them
he
obliged
the
rest
to
make
a
swift
though
a
disorderly
retreat
to
their
Gallies
,
but
the
next
day
they
again
landing
in
greater
number
burnt
divers
Towns
,
ransacked
Setia
and
Rhetimo
,
wherein
they
found
much
riches
,
and
carried
away
most
of
the
inhabitants
into
miserable
bondage
.
But
loaded
with
their
booty
dispersed
and
dreading
no
danger
they
were
suddainly
charged
by
Lucas
Michael
a
valiant
Captain
2000
of
them
slain
,
and
all
the
prey
recovered
together
with
the
prisoners
,
and
they
again
forced
to
betake
themselves
to
their
Gallies
,
after
which
they
weighed
Anchor
and
sailed
along
the
Coast
,
passing
by
Cythera
,
Zazinthius
and
Cephalemia
Island
belonging
to
the
Venetians
,
doing
much
dammage
in
divers
parts
of
them
,
and
carryed
6000
of
the
Islanders
into
Captivity
,
and
departing
thence
failed
along
the
Coast
of
Epirus
,
which
the
Venetians
had
stirred
up
to
Rebel
against
the
Turks
,
but
not
sending
them
the
promised
Aid
they
were
inforced
to
submit
to
the
Mercy
of
their
mercyless
Enemies
,
after
which
they
recovered
all
the
Castles
and
Towns
the
Venetians
had
taken
on
the
Sea
Coast
,
which
brought
a
great
fear
upon
most
of
the
Islands
yet
possessed
by
the
Christians
,
especially
when
that
part
of
the
Fleet
which
had
done
so
much
harm
was
augmented
,
by
the
arrival
of
Haly
Bassa
,
and
within
a
while
after
all
the
Fleet
met
at
Aulona
,
and
on
the
26
Aug.
1571.
sailed
directly
to
Corcyra
,
which
little
Island
seemed
to
be
incompassed
with
their
huge
Fleet.
There
Partus
Bassa
Vice-Admiral
of
the
Turk
upon
his
arrival
landed
800
Horsemen
,
and
1000
Foot
,
who
ranging
up
and
down
the
Island
did
great
harm
by
burning
and
destroying
all
before
them
,
till
they
came
to
the
Suburbs
of
Corfu
which
they
attempted
to
set
on
fire
,
but
were
beaten
off
by
the
Garrison
Souldiers
,
who
sallyed
upon
them
with
great
fury
killing
a
great
number
of
them
,
and
amongst
the
rest
Paphus
Rays
a
man
of
great
account
causing
the
rest
to
betake
themselves
to
flight
,
who
coming
on
board
the
Gally
,
weighed
Anchor
and
sailed
to
the
Bay
of
Corinth
otherwise
called
Lepanto
,
having
on
board
the
Fleet
15000
Captive
Christians
,
taken
in
the
Islands
belonging
to
the
Venetians
.
The
outrages
of
the
Turks
made
the
Christian
Confederates
hasten
out
their
Fleet
,
which
met
at
Messina
where
the
Admirals
and
other
great
Commanders
called
a
Councel
,
to
consider
what
was
best
to
be
done
in
the
management
of
the
War
against
so
powerful
an
Enemy
,
not
doubting
the
victory
for
why
the
Venetian
Fleet
,
consisted
of
108
Gallies
,
6
Galliasses
,
2
great
Ships
,
and
many
small
Galliots
to
whom
were
joyned
12
Gallies
of
the
Popes
,
Commanded
by
Columnius
.
And
with
Don
John
General
of
Spain
,
Base
Son
to
Charles
the
5th
.
and
Auria
the
Spanish
Admiral
came
81
Gallies
,
of
which
three
appertained
to
the
Knights
of
Maita
.
In
this
Fleet
besides
Mariners
were
reckoned
to
be
20000
Men
,
an
Army
not
onely
most
beautiful
for
shew
,
as
consisting
of
able
Men
,
but
for
the
most
part
composed
of
old
experienced
Souldiers
,
amongst
whom
were
a
great
number
of
the
Christian
Nobility
,
who
came
to
serve
against
the
Infidels
of
their
own
accord
,
drawing
after
them
a
number
of
their
Favorites
,
whom
they
at
their
own
charge
maintained
.
The
chief
of
which
were
Alexander
Farnesius
Prince
of
Parma
,
Franciscus
Maria
Prince
of
Vrbin
,
and
Paulus
Jordanus
Vrsinus
of
the
Honourable
Family
of
the
Roman
Vrsini
.
All
things
being
thus
in
a
readiness
,
the
Venetian
Admiral
in
the
Counsel
,
called
to
determine
what
was
to
be
done
,
vehemently
pressed
the
General
and
the
rest
of
the
great
Commanders
instantly
to
give
the
Enemy
Battle
,
and
was
seconded
by
several
others
of
Note
,
as
well
Spaniards
as
Romans
,
whereupon
Commandement
was
given
for
putting
the
Fleet
in
order
,
which
by
the
three
Admirals
of
Venice
,
Rome
,
and
Spain
being
brought
into
the
Ocean
was
martialed
in
this
manner
.
In
the
right
wing
which
consisted
of
53
Gallies
,
was
Auria
the
Spanish
Admiral
placed
.
In
the
left
wing
Augustinus
Barbadious
with
the
like
number
of
Gallies
,
and
in
the
middle
Battle
stood
the
General
himself
,
with
70
Gallies
,
on
the
right
hand
of
the
General
stood
Columnius
,
and
on
the
left
Venerius
his
Associates
,
and
thus
with
equal
form
the
Fleet
set
forward
as
if
they
instantly
had
been
to
joyn
the
Enemy
.
During
this
preparation
of
the
Christians
the
Turks
were
not
idle
,
but
calling
a
Council
of
the
chief
Commanders
held
a
long
debate
,
whether
they
should
give
the
Christians
Battle
,
or
decline
it
,
but
at
length
those
that
held
it
dangerous
to
give
Battle
being
over-ballanced
by
those
that
were
of
the
contrary
opinion
,
it
was
resolved
that
the
whole
Fleet
should
be
put
in
order
of
Battle
,
which
at
the
command
of
Haly
Bassa
,
General
of
the
Land
Forces
,
and
Great
Admiral
of
the
Turkish
Gallies
,
coming
out
of
the
Bay
of
Corinth
or
Lepanto
,
they
were
put
into
order
of
the
Battle
after
this
manner
.
The
middle
Battle
in
number
much
like
the
Christians
,
was
conducted
by
Haly
Bassa
and
Partau
,
attended
upon
by
Agan
Master
of
the
Turks
Arsenal
,
Mustapha
Zelibi
the
Treasurer
,
Achmat
Bay
with
Mahomet
his
younger
brother
,
the
sons
of
Haly
Achmat
Aga
Governor
of
Teuthrania
,
Assis
Caiga
Governour
of
Calipolis
,
Caracoza
Cassanes
Son
to
Barbarossa
Malamur
Governour
of
Mytilene
,
Dely
Solyman
Gider
Captain
of
Chios
,
Cassambeius
Governour
of
the
Rhodes
,
Provi
Aga
Captain
of
Nauplium
,
Giaper
Zelibi
President
of
Calabria
,
Dordagnan
Dondomeni
,
with
many
others
too
tedious
to
recite
.
The
right
wing
was
by
the
appointment
of
the
Bassa's
commanded
by
Mahomet
Bey
,
with
56
Gallies
,
to
whom
were
joyned
many
Captains
of
great
Experience
in
Sea
affairs
.
The
left
wing
was
commanded
by
Vluzales
Viceroy
of
Argiers
,
an
old
experienced
Pirate
composed
of
90
Gallies
,
accompanyed
with
Cariolo
,
and
Araby
,
his
two
sons
,
attended
on
by
a
multitude
of
Pirates
who
entered
into
the
War
,
in
hopes
to
get
great
spoil
.
In
the
Rearward
was
placed
Amurath
Dragut
with
30
Gallies
,
and
divers
other
small
vessels
.
Both
Fleets
being
set
in
order
of
Battle
,
about
noon
a
fierce
ingagement
happened
in
the
beginning
of
which
God
so
ordering
it
,
the
Wind
turned
about
to
the
great
advantage
of
the
Christians
,
driving
the
smoake
of
the
great
Ordnance
,
and
vollies
of
small
shot
in
the
face
of
the
Infidels
,
whereupon
for
a
long
time
the
fight
continued
with
equal
success
,
victory
inclining
to
neither
side
,
but
after
four
hours
space
the
Turkish
Admiral
being
slain
,
his
Gally
taken
,
and
about
40
others
sunk
and
fired
,
victory
began
to
declare
her self
for
the
Christians
.
Yet
the
desperate
Turks
as
searing
Selymus
Anger
if
they
should
return
vanquished
fought
desperately
,
but
true
valour
prevailing
and
all
the
chief
Commanders
,
except
Vluzales
slain
or
taken
Prisoners
,
and
he
resolving
to
reserve
himself
to
his
better
fortune
,
fled
(
after
5
hours
desperately
fighting
)
with
between
30
and
40
Gallies
into
the
Bay
of
Lepanto
,
leaving
the
victory
to
the
Christians
,
who
having
pursued
him
as
far
as
they
thought
convenient
,
returned
to
take
the
spoil
,
where
it
was
a
horrible
spectacle
to
behold
the
Sea
coloured
with
blood
,
and
covered
with
the
bodies
of
the
slain
,
fragments
of
broken
Ships
,
and
such
weapons
as
were
subject
to
float
upon
its
surface
.
The
number
of
the
Turks
lost
in
this
great
overthrow
,
could
not
be
known
by
reason
of
the
Multitude
that
were
buryed
in
the
Sea
,
but
Antonius
Gnarnaerius
writing
the
History
of
this
war
reported
32000
to
have
perished
and
amongst
them
these
of
Note
,
viz.
Haly
Bassa
General
,
Mahomet
Bey
(
otherwise
called
Chiroche
or
Siroche
)
Governour
of
Alexandria
,
Cassanes
the
Son
of
Barbarossa
,
together
with
his
son
Mulaune
Governor
of
Mitylene
,
Gider
Governour
of
Chios
,
Cassambaunes
Governour
of
Rhodes
,
Provi
Aga
Captain
of
Nauplium
,
Mustapha
Zelibi
the
great
Treasurer
,
Caracoza
Viceroy
of
Argiers
,
with
many
others
.
The
chief
Prisoners
taken
in
this
Battle
were
Achmet
and
Mahomet
sons
to
Haly
Bassa
,
and
Nephews
to
Selymus
,
who
being
afterwards
sent
as
a
Present
to
the
Pope
,
the
Eldest
died
at
Naples
,
and
Machmet
Bey
Governour
of
Euboea
,
and
of
lesser
note
3500
,
of
the
Enemies
Gallies
were
taken
161
,
&
40
sunk
in
the
fight
,
and
taken
about
60
Galliots
and
other
small
vessels
.
This
notable
Victory
thus
obtained
,
Don
John
Venerius
and
Columna
coming
together
,
friendly
embraced
each
other
,
and
afterwards
in
a
most
Christian
manner
on
their
knees
returned
most
hearty
thanks
to
Almighty
God
for
giving
them
so
Great
a
Victory
over
the
Enemies
of
his
Name
;
which
pious
example
was
seconded
by
all
the
Captains
,
Mariners
,
and
souldiers
of
the
Fleet
of
the
Christians
in
this
bloody
fight
died
about
seven
thousand
five
hundred
sixty
six
,
the
chief
of
which
were
John
and
Bernardinus
of
the
Honourable
family
of
Cordona
in
Spain
,
Horatio
Caraffa
and
Ferantes
Bisballus
Virginius
and
Horatius
Noble
Romans
of
the
Venetian
Nobility
were
flain
;
Augustinus
,
Barbadicus
,
Benedictus
,
Superantius
,
Vincentius
,
Quirinus
,
Johanes
Lauritanus
,
Marinus
Contarenus
,
Catharinus
,
Malepetra
,
Georgius
,
Andreas
Barbadicus
,
Marcus
Antonius
,
Laudus
Franciscus
,
Bonus
Hieronimus
,
Contarenus
,
Antonius
Paschaligus
,
and
Hieron
Venerius
,
all
of
the
Order
of
the
Senators
,
besides
divers
other
Honourable
Gentlemen
,
well
deserving
to
be
inrolled
in
the
Records
of
Fame
.
There
were
likewise
many
of
note
wounded
,
and
amongst
the
rest
Venerius
the
Venetian
Admiral
by
a
small
shot
that
passed
through
his
foot
.
This
great
and
welcom
victory
published
in
the
City
of
Venice
,
caused
such
a
General
joy
as
the
like
was
never
till
that
time
;
nor
only
did
the
Venetians
alone
rejoyce
,
but
likewise
all
Christian
Nations
;
for
in
this
fight
the
Turks
lost
so
many
substantial
Gallyes
,
able
Commanders
,
Seamen
,
that
to
this
day
that
loss
hath
been
a
weakning
to
that
so
mighty
Empire
,
and
such
was
the
Griefe
conceived
by
Selymus
thereat
,
that
he
retired
himself
for
certain
days
,
not
permitting
any
to
speak
with
him
,
and
then
in
his
fury
passed
a
Decree
for
Massacring
all
the
Christians
within
his
Dominions
,
which
bloody
and
barbarous
Edict
had
been
put
in
Execution
had
not
Muhamat
the
chief
Bassa
by
many
perswasions
averted
his
wicked
purpose
;
yet
that
his
loss
might
seem
the
less
,
he
dissembled
it
as
well
as
he
could
,
giving
strict
orders
for
the
speedy
building
of
new
Gallies
,
to
supply
the
place
of
those
that
were
lost
,
which
he
had
the
more
leasure
to
do
,
by
reason
that
after
this
so
signal
a
victory
,
the
Christian
Fleet
separated
,
with
a
resolution
to
meet
again
the
next
spring
at
Coreyra
;
yet
the
Venetians
not
satisfied
for
the
loss
of
Cyprus
spoiled
the
Turks
Frontiers
winning
strong
holds
,
and
amongst
the
rest
,
the
strong
Town
of
Suppoto
,
formerly
taken
from
them
,
which
caused
Selimus
to
put
to
Sea
all
the
Gallies
he
had
,
appointing
Vluzales
a
Renegado
Christian
,
but
now
turned
Turk
Admiral
,
in
the
room
of
Haly
Bassa
,
slain
in
the
battel
of
Lepanto
,
of
which
the
Venetian
Admiral
having
notice
,
sent
to
Don
John
to
come
to
his
Aid
,
but
he
bearing
a
grudge
against
the
Venetians
for
hanging
up
one
of
his
Mutinous
Captains
,
stood
a
long
time
in
doubt
whether
he
should
send
any
of
his
Gallies
to
his
assistance
or
not
;
but
at
length
being
by
his
Captains
perswaded
,
that
his
honour
would
suffer
,
if
through
his
neglect
the
Christan
cause
should
be
prejudiced
;
he
sent
Lilly
of
Andradu
,
with
twenty
two
Galleys
to
joyn
with
the
Venetian
Fleet
,
then
lying
before
Corcyra
;
nor
was
the
Pope
slow
in
sending
his
Galleys
,
insomuch
that
the
whole
Fleet
consisted
of
155
Galleys
,
6
Galliasses
,
and
twenty
ships
of
war
;
nor
was
the
Turks
inferiour
in
number
,
lying
about
Maluasia
in
the
entrance
of
the
Bay
called
Sinus
Argolicus
,
of
which
the
Venetian
Admiral
having
notice
,
resolved
to
give
them
battle
what
ever
happened
,
but
the
wary
Pirate
Vluzales
could
not
be
drawnthereto
,
having
before
to
his
cost
tryed
the
courage
of
the
Christians
lying
still
in
the
bay
,
hoping
thereby
to
gain
some
advantage
,
without
which
he
resolved
not
to
fight
,
but
finding
the
Christians
every
day
ready
to
charge
him
as
he
lay
,
he
for
his
better
security
found
means
to
sail
to
Corona
,
upon
which
the
Christian
Fleet
retired
to
Cerigo
,
not
finding
any
opportunity
of
giving
the
enemy
battle
Whilst
matters
went
thus
Don
John
sent
a
Frigate
to
advertise
the
Venetian
Admiral
that
he
was
arrived
at
Corcyra
,
commanding
him
to
meet
him
at
Zacynthus
,
there
to
consult
about
the
carrying
on
the
war
;
but
when
they
came
thither
,
the
General
not
regarding
his
word
delayed
to
meet
them
,
which
did
not
a
little
trouble
the
Venetians
;
but
not
staying
there
they
sailed
to
Cocyra
,
where
joyning
the
ships
newly
sent
to
their
Aid
by
several
Christian
Princes
,
they
resolved
to
seek
out
the
Enemy
,
and
if
possible
to
oblige
him
to
fight
;
whereupon
they
loosed
Anchor
,
and
for
the
most
part
sailed
by
night
,
thinking
by
that
means
to
oppress
the
Enemy
e'r
he
was
provided
to
defend
himself
;
but
this
purpose
being
discovered
by
some
of
the
Turks
Scouts
,
the
Christians
were
prevented
in
their
undertaking
;
yet
so
resolute
was
the
Venetian
Admiral
that
he
pressed
the
other
Generals
to
enter
the
Bay
,
and
give
them
Battle
even
in
the
mouth
of
the
Harbour
;
but
this
his
resolution
(
though
it
had
past
doubt
proved
successful
,
had
it
been
put
in
execution
)
was
opposed
by
the
Spanish
General
,
and
Columnius
the
Popes
Admiral
,
as
not
seasonable
,
but
altogether
dangerous
,
even
to
the
hazarding
the
Christian
Fleet
,
which
as
they
alledge
was
the
Bullwark
of
Christendom
;
yet
lying
before
Nauarinum
,
they
resolved
to
besiege
the
Castle
of
Modon
both
by
Sea
and
Land
,
which
Castle
lying
in
mouth
of
the
Bay
,
defended
the
Turks
Fleet
,
whereupon
Sailing
before
it
,
they
landed
seven
thousand
of
their
most
resolute
Soldiers
,
and
at
the
same
time
appointed
several
of
the
Galleasses
and
Gallies
to
batter
it
with
their
Great
Ordnance
;
the
which
more
advantagiously
to
effect
they
joyned
two
Galleys
together
,
with
Masts
,
Ropes
,
and
other
tackling
,
in
the
nature
of
a
floating
battery
,
on
which
they
planted
Baskets
of
Earth
,
and
several
Pieces
of
Great
Ordnance
;
but
being
overcharged
with
too
great
a
weight
,
they
became
useless
,
by
reason
of
the
abundance
of
water
that
entred
them
,
and
at
the
same
time
having
notice
that
a
considerable
number
of
Turkish
horsemen
had
entered
by
night
into
the
Castle
,
they
thought
good
to
give
over
the
siege
,
which
made
the
Turks
so
adventurous
as
to
send
several
of
their
Galleys
out
of
the
Bay
to
seize
upon
a
great
ship
of
the
Venetians
,
that
was
coming
from
Zacynthus
with
provision
for
the
Fleet
,
but
they
were
soon
obliged
to
retire
,
which
all
of
them
did
in
safety
,
except
Mahomet
,
Nephew
to
Barbarussa
the
famous
Pirate
,
who
to
get
him
a
name
,
stayed
on
purpose
to
dare
the
Christians
;
but
being
Grapled
by
the
Marquess
of
St.
Crux
,
after
a
fierce
Engagement
he
with
almost
all
his
men
were
slain
,
and
the
Galley
taken
in
the
sight
of
the
Turks
Fleet
,
they
not
daring
to
come
to
his
assistance
;
after
which
the
Christians
besieged
the
strong
Castle
of
Nauari●●m
,
antiently
called
Pylus
,
the
charge
of
which
was
by
General
consent
of
the
great
Commanders
committed
to
Alexander
Farnesius
Prince
of
Parma
,
whom
the
Venetians
furnished
with
Munition
and
Victuals
for
the
better
performance
of
that
service
,
which
he
no
sooner
received
,
but
landing
2000
Italians
,
1000
Spaniards
,
and
five
hundred
Germans
,
with
twelve
Pieces
of
Ordnance
,
did
batter
the
Castles
incessantly
;
but
not
encompassing
it
,
as
he
ought
,
in
the
night
time
a
Great
number
of
Turks
having
made
their
way
through
a
pathless
Forrest
,
entered
at
an
unsuspected
Port
,
whilst
those
of
the
Garrison
were
skirmishing
with
the
besiegers
;
whereupon
the
Princes
dispairing
to
carry
it
by
assault
,
raised
the
siege
.
The
Turks
Fleet
shut
up
in
the
Bay
of
Modon
,
and
as
it
were
besieged
by
the
Christians
,
by
this
time
felt
great
want
,
which
caused
a
Pestilence
to
rage
so
violently
amongst
the
Soldiers
and
Marriners
,
that
many
of
the
Galleys
were
deserted
,
and
the
rest
so
slenderly
manned
,
and
so
unprovided
of
necessaries
,
that
had
the
Christian
Fleet
rode
it
out
a
moneth
longer
before
the
Bay
,
the
Enemies
fleet
had
fell
into
their
hands
almost
without
fighting
;
but
such
was
the
perverseness
of
the
Spanish
General
,
that
he
would
needs
return
with
his
Fleet
,
notwithstanding
all
the
pregnant
reasons
,
and
arguments
the
Venetian
Admiral
used
to
perswade
him
to
the
contrary
,
and
so
resolutely
was
he
therein
,
that
he
resolved
to
depart
not
only
without
the
consent
of
the
Venetians
but
without
their
privity
,
he
having
in
order
thereto
strictly
commanded
all
his
Captains
,
and
Masters
of
his
Gallies
,
speedily
to
weigh
Anchor
,
and
to
stand
for
the
Coast
of
Sicily
;
of
which
the
Venetian
Admiral
having
notice
,
and
not
a
little
troubled
thereat
,
came
on
board
his
Galley
,
and
renewed
his
perswasions
for
his
stay
;
but
finding
all
arguments
vain
,
he
at
least
requested
him
to
stay
so
long
,
till
the
2
Gallies
fastened
together
for
a
floating
Battery
might
be
fetched
off
,
and
not
be
left
there
as
a
prey
,
to
which
he
hardly
consented
,
alledging
that
his
victuals
fell
short
,
and
if
he
should
stay
longer
abroad
his
Fleet
would
be
oppressed
with
famine
,
yet
promised
that
if
he
met
with
the
ships
he
had
sent
for
out
of
Sicily
loaden
with
provision
,
he
would
instantly
return
,
but
kept
not
his
word
,
though
he
incountred
them
upon
the
Coast
of
Corcyra
;
so
that
the
half
starved
Turks
,
upon
his
departure
by
degrees
got
out
of
the
Bay
,
to
their
no
small
joy
,
most
of
them
getting
in
safety
to
Constantinople
.
For
after
the
departure
of
the
Spaniards
to
Messina
,
the
Venetian
and
Popes
Admiral
departed
likewise
,
the
one
to
Rome
,
and
the
other
to
Venice
,
having
done
nothing
worthy
of
so
great
preparations
as
were
set
forth
by
the
Christian
Princes
.
About
this
time
Amida
King
of
Tunes
being
driven
out
of
his
Kingdom
fled
to
Don
John
for
Aide
,
humbly
requesting
him
that
he
would
restore
him
to
his
Kingdom
,
to
which
the
crafty
Spaniard
seemingly
hearkned
,
but
having
landed
his
Forces
,
taken
possession
of
Tunis
and
other
strong
places
,
he
sent
Amida
together
with
his
wife
and
children
into
Sicily
,
there
to
remain
as
prisoners
at
large
,
during
their
lives
,
and
placed
Mahomet
his
brother
in
his
stead
,
who
by
reason
of
his
Seniority
was
rightful
Heir
to
the
Kingdom
.
But
withall
taking
of
him
a
solemn
Oath
,
that
he
should
become
and
from
thenceforth
remain
a
vassal
to
the
Spanish
King
,
and
alwayes
be
ready
to
do
whatsoever
he
commanded
,
and
having
beaten
the
Turks
and
wild
Arabs
out
of
the
Countrey
,
he
built
a
new
Castle
in
the
Middle
way
,
between
Culetta
and
Tunes
,
and
having
put
a
strong
Garrison
therein
,
as
likewise
into
Guletta
,
he
returned
into
Sicilia
.
The
Venetians
sinding
no
trust
to
be
reposed
in
the
Spaniards
,
and
of
themselves
too
weak
to
deal
with
the
Turks
,
resolved
if
possible
to
conclude
an
honourable
peace
with
Selymus
,
thinking
it
more
for
their
advantage
than
to
be
subject
to
the
insolent
humours
of
the
Spanish
General
;
and
thereupon
after
much
debate
in
the
Senate
house
it
was
resolved
that
Ambassadors
should
be
sent
to
sound
the
mind
of
the
Turk
;
who
as
it
afterward
appeared
,
was
no
less
desirous
of
peace
then
themselves
,
though
he
a
long
time
dissembled
it
;
whereupon
the
Ambassadors
arriving
at
Constantinople
,
after
much
debate
subscribed
the
Articles
of
Peace
;
the
substance
of
which
were
these
.
First
,
that
the
Venetians
should
pay
unto
Selimus
300000
Ducates
,
100000
to
be
paid
down
,
and
the
rest
in
two
equal
portions
the
two
succeeding
years
.
Secondly
,
That
such
places
of
the
Venetians
,
as
were
in
the
possession
of
the
Turks
should
still
remain
in
the
hands
of
the
Possessors
,
but
that
such
Towns
and
Places
as
the
Venetians
,
during
the
war
had
taken
from
the
Turks
should
be
instantly
restored
.
This
Peace
thus
concluded
,
was
proclaimed
in
Constantinople
on
the
twentieth
of
March
Anno
1574
,
and
at
Venice
the
thirteenth
of
April
following
,
to
the
great
amazement
of
the
Confederates
,
when
the
better
to
justifie
themselves
in
what
they
had
done
,
the
Venetian
Senators
sent
for
the
Spanish
Ambassador
and
Popes
Nuncio
,
into
the
Senate
house
,
to
whom
the
Duke
in
a
Grave
Speech
,
addressed
himself
to
this
purpose
.
That
anger
and
Hope
two
evil
Counsellors
being
set
aside
,
he
had
concluded
a
Peace
with
the
Turk
,
not
for
that
he
was
desirous
of
the
Turks
friendship
,
which
what
account
it
was
to
be
made
of
,
he
right
well
knew
,
but
for
the
love
he
bare
to
the
State
,
which
was
not
only
with
loss
but
even
with
death
it self
to
be
maintained
;
how
he
had
been
spoiled
of
the
Kingdom
of
Cyprus
;
he
further
declared
,
that
the
Venetian
State
grew
weaker
and
weaker
by
continual
war
,
and
therefore
before
it
was
reduced
to
extremity
,
and
they
not
being
able
to
maintain
war
against
so
Potent
an
enemy
,
were
to
take
a
surer
course
for
the
preservation
of
what
yet
of
their
Signory
remained
unto
them
,
for
that
the
safety
of
the
Venetian
State
should
at
all
times
be
a
sure
Fortress
and
Defence
of
the
Christian
Commonweale
,
against
all
the
furious
attempts
of
the
enemy
,
and
uncertain
events
of
time
.
This
Peace
though
disliked
of
other
Christian
Princes
,
was
advantagious
to
the
Venetians
,
for
as
much
as
the
war
had
made
their
Trade
to
cease
,
both
in
the
Adriatick
and
Mediterranean
Seas
,
which
upon
the
conclusion
of
Peace
with
the
Turks
,
returned
again
more
then
ever
,
by
reason
few
other
Christian
Merchants
had
the
like
liberty
.
This
peace
was
the
easier
obtained
of
the
Turk
for
as
much
as
the
Spaniard
had
reduced
the
Kingdom
of
Tunis
to
his
obedience
,
and
that
the
Knights
of
Malta
had
an
eye
upon
Tripolis
and
other
Sea
port
Towns
holden
by
the
Turks
,
upon
the
Coast
of
Barbary
,
that
he
might
be
the
more
at
leasure
to
defend
what
he
possessed
,
and
if
possible
to
recover
that
which
his
father
had
lost
,
viz.
the
Kingdom
of
Tunis
;
yet
declining
that
enterprize
for
a
time
,
he
converted
his
Forces
against
John
the
Vayuod
of
Valachia
,
who
a
little
before
having
driven
Bogeanus
out
of
Moldavia
,
had
possessed
himself
of
that
Province
,
but
upon
his
refusing
to
pay
Selymus
double
the
Tribute
he
agreed
for
,
he
held
him
in
such
distrust
,
that
he
resolved
to
take
from
him
both
his
Principalities
,
and
annex
them
to
the
Ottoman
Empire
,
to
prevent
which
if
possible
,
the
said
John
raised
a
great
power
,
calling
to
his
assistance
the
Cossacks
a
warlike
people
of
Polonia
,
who
living
upon
the
Frontiers
secure
the
kingdom
from
the
incursions
of
the
Tartars
,
and
maintain
themselves
for
the
most
part
by
spoiles
taken
from
the
enemy
,
who
now
in
great
number
under
the
leading
of
Suserceuius
their
Captain
,
came
to
the
assistance
of
the
Vayvod
.
Selymus
hearing
what
had
passed
,
sent
30000
Turks
,
and
2000
Hungarians
,
to
joyn
such
Forces
as
were
raised
by
the
Palatine
of
Valachia
Transalpine
with
a
Command
that
he
should
take
John
the
Vayvod
,
and
send
him
in
bonds
to
Constantinople
,
and
in
his
stead
placed
Peter
his
brother
,
of
which
the
Palatine
an
utter
Enemy
to
John
was
not
a
little
glad
nor
delayed
,
but
upon
the
Arrival
of
the
Turks
and
Hungarians
,
with
an
Army
of
202000
fighting
men
passed
over
the
River
Moldavius
,
not
doubting
but
with
his
multitude
to
oppress
his
adversary
,
but
putting
too
much
confidence
in
his
strength
,
and
by
reason
thereof
incamping
disorderly
,
on
the
Bank
of
the
River
,
the
Vayvod
and
Captain
of
the
Cossacks
set
upon
with
such
fury
,
that
ere
his
Souldiers
could
recover
their
Horses
then
dispersed
in
the
adjacent
Medows
,
or
put
themselves
in
a
posture
of
defence
,
they
overwhelmed
with
shot
,
and
every
where
disordered
so
,
that
flying
in
great
confusion
most
of
them
were
slain
or
drowned
,
in
attempting
to
repass
the
River
,
the
Palatine
and
Peter
his
brother
hardly
escaping
to
the
Castle
of
Brailonia
in
Valachia
.
In
the
Palatines
Camp
,
were
found
store
of
Riches
,
which
the
Vayvod
bestowed
upon
his
Souldiers
,
and
with
Fire
and
Sword
entered
Valachia
Transalpine
,
putting
all
to
the
Sword
that
came
in
his
way
,
without
respect
either
to
Age
or
Sex
till
he
came
to
the
Castle
of
Brailonia
,
in
which
he
understood
that
the
Palatine
and
his
Brother
were
in
this
Castle
,
together
with
a
fair
City
bearing
the
same
name
,
standeth
on
the
Banks
of
Danubius
,
which
at
that
time
was
defended
by
a
strong
Garrison
of
Turks
,
near
unto
which
incamping
his
Army
he
wrote
to
the
Captain
thereof
,
commanding
him
to
deliver
into
his
hands
the
Palatine
and
his
Brother
,
who
had
causelesly
invaded
his
Territories
,
and
being
overthrown
in
Battle
was
fled
unto
him
,
the
which
if
he
refused
to
do
,
he
vowed
never
to
depart
from
thence
till
he
had
constrained
him
to
yield
them
up
;
which
Message
being
sent
to
the
Captain
by
two
Valachian
Prisoners
,
he
returned
four
Messengers
,
with
ten
great
shot
,
ten
small
shot
,
and
two
Turkish
Arrows
;
giving
them
in
charge
to
tell
the
Vayvod
,
that
forasmuch
as
he
knew
him
to
be
a
servant
to
his
dread
Soveraign
Selymus
he
did
respect
him
,
but
would
in
no
wise
deliver
into
his
hands
those
he
required
,
but
forasmuch
as
he
understood
that
he
of
late
had
slain
a
great
number
of
his
Lords
Servants
,
who
by
his
commandement
were
bringing
Peter
the
Palatines
Brother
into
Moldavia
,
he
therefore
commanded
him
to
raise
the
siege
or
he
would
make
him
and
his
Souldiers
seed
upon
those
dishes
(
meaning
the
Bullets
and
Arrows
)
till
gorged
to
the
full
they
dangerously
surfeited
and
cast
.
This
answer
so
incensed
John
,
that
he
caused
the
Messengers
to
be
cruelly
intreated
by
cutting
off
their
Noses
,
Lips
,
and
Ears
,
and
nailing
them
by
their
feet
to
a
piece
of
Timber
hung
them
up
before
the
City
,
with
their
heads
downwards
as
a
terror
to
the
rest
,
and
they
furiously
battering
the
Walls
till
large
breaches
appeared
,
the
Souldiers
entred
by
plain
force
put
all
to
the
Sword
that
they
found
therein
:
Insomuch
that
the
blood
running
like
a
Torrent
into
the
Danubius
,
crimsoned
ore
its
stream
for
many
a
mile
.
There
the
greedy
Souldiers
found
inestimable
Wealth
,
heaped
up
in
many
peaceful
years
;
but
perceiving
the
Castle
not
so
easily
to
be
won
as
the
City
he
upon
notice
of
the
approach
of
15000
Turks
to
the
relief
of
the
former
,
razed
the
latter
,
and
suddainly
went
to
meet
them
with
his
Cossacks
and
8000
Moldavian
Horsemen
,
and
by
speedy
Marches
entred
their
disordered
Camp
ere
they
heard
he
had
raised
the
siege
,
where
the
inraged
Souldiers
so
laid
about
them
that
scarcely
1000
of
the
Turks
escaped
,
which
were
afterwards
put
to
the
Sword
in
Teira
,
which
City
the
Vayvod
took
and
utterly
razed
,
and
returning
from
thence
overthrew
another
Army
of
the
Turks
with
incredible
slaughter
,
so
that
his
name
became
terrible
to
the
Turks
,
and
made
Selymus
doubt
the
keeping
of
his
Dominions
in
Europe
,
but
as
Treason
is
always
the
wreck
of
prosperous
affairs
,
so
it
happened
to
the
Vayvod
,
for
he
dissolving
a
part
of
his
Army
and
appointing
Czarnieuiche
,
one
of
his
great
Captains
,
and
a
man
singularly
by
him
beloved
,
for
the
Guarding
his
Frontires
and
preventing
the
Turks
passing
the
Danubius
,
corrupted
with
the
Turks
Gold
he
suffered
Peter
with
a
great
Army
the
next
Spring
to
enter
Valachia
without
resistance
,
of
which
the
Vayvod
having
notice
,
lying
then
before
the
Castle
of
Teine
,
he
sent
the
Captain
of
the
Cossacks
,
and
the
Moldavian
Horsemen
to
oppose
their
passage
,
who
meeting
with
6000
of
the
forerunners
of
the
Turks
Army
,
after
a
light
skirmish
put
them
to
flight
and
taking
one
of
them
though
mortally
wounded
,
inquired
of
him
the
state
of
the
Army
that
had
passed
Danubius
,
but
he
dealing
unfaithfully
with
them
,
would
not
make
them
sensible
of
the
great
power
which
was
at
hand
;
yet
the
Captain
of
the
Cossacks
doubting
to
be
oppressed
by
multitudes
,
and
having
in
distrust
the
fidelity
of
Czarnieuiche
,
sent
to
the
Vayvod
to
advertise
him
thereof
,
and
to
desire
him
to
provide
for
himself
and
the
safety
of
his
Army
,
but
he
as
a
man
resolved
to
give
the
Turks
Battle
,
returned
for
answer
that
in
the
first
place
he
little
doubted
of
the
Faith
of
him
whom
he
had
found
most
faithful
in
the
time
of
his
greatest
distress
,
and
used
as
a
most
trusty
companion
in
all
his
Travels
,
and
that
it
was
no
time
now
to
stand
in
doubt
or
be
afraid
,
and
that
as
for
himself
,
he
would
ere
long
come
with
the
rest
of
the
Army
,
and
take
a
view
of
the
Enemies
Camp
,
for
that
he
was
not
come
so
far
to
fly
but
to
fight
in
the
defence
of
his
Subjects
and
Country
,
and
so
within
four
dayes
after
he
joyned
with
the
forerunners
of
his
Army
,
and
incamped
near
a
Lake
,
which
runneth
out
of
Danubius
,
and
with
several
of
his
trusty
followers
ascended
a
high
Hill
,
the
better
to
take
a
veiw
of
the
Enemies
huge
Camp
,
upon
which
plainly
perceiving
that
he
was
betrayed
by
Czarnieuiche
,
who
had
then
under
his
command
13000
of
his
choice
Souldiers
,
he
sent
for
him
,
but
he
doubting
his
Treason
was
discovered
,
sent
him
word
that
he
could
not
now
come
,
the
Enemy
being
so
nigh
at
hand
,
but
that
he
should
without
delay
see
him
in
the
Field
as
forward
as
the
most
couragious
against
the
Enemy
,
but
herein
he
failed
his
Lord
;
for
Battle
being
joyned
he
caused
his
Ensigns
to
be
let
fall
,
and
revolted
to
the
Enemy
,
which
so
discouraged
the
rest
of
the
Souldiers
that
after
a
desperate
and
bloody
fight
,
finding
themselves
oppress'd
with
multitudes
,
and
their
Countrey-men
who
should
have
assisted
them
,
fighting
against
them
,
they
gave
back
,
which
the
Vayvod
perceiving
caused
the
retreat
to
be
sounded
,
and
with
20000
Foot
men
,
and
such
Horsemen
as
escaped
the
Battle
,
retired
in
as
good
order
as
the
danger
would
permit
,
into
the
ruins
of
an
old
Town
which
a
little
before
he
had
razed
,
and
therein
strongly
Fortified
himself
round
about
,
which
next
day
the
Turks
incamped
,
but
perceiving
that
it
was
not
onely
difficult
but
dangerous
to
assault
him
in
his
strength
,
they
sent
Messengers
to
him
,
to
perswade
him
to
yield
to
Mercy
and
not
expose
his
own
Life
,
and
the
lives
of
so
many
of
his
Subjects
to
the
fury
of
the
inraged
Souldiers
,
or
miseries
they
would
be
shortly
reduced
to
by
Famine
,
offering
the
Oaths
of
all
the
chief
Commanders
for
his
own
security
and
the
security
of
his
people
,
to
which
proposals
he
being
perswaded
to
hearken
he
in
consideration
that
the
Cossacks
might
be
permitted
to
return
with
their
Horses
and
Armes
,
into
their
own
Countrey
;
that
himself
might
be
alive
conveyed
into
the
presence
of
Selymus
,
there
to
make
his
defence
,
and
that
his
Subjects
might
return
to
their
respective
homes
,
or
take
service
with
the
Turks
;
agreed
to
come
out
of
his
strength
and
submit
himself
,
to
which
his
demands
Capucius
Bassa
General
of
the
Turks
Army
consented
,
and
himself
with
the
rest
of
the
great
Commanders
swore
seven
times
(
a
usual
custom
amongst
the
Turks
for
the
solemnly
obliging
themsleves
)
to
fulfil
his
request
.
Whereupon
he
came
forth
onely
accompanied
with
Osmolius
a
Polonian
Captive
,
but
after
four
hours
continuance
in
the
Turks
Camp
the
perfidious
Bassa
sending
for
him
unexpectedly
with
his
Scimiter
struck
him
cross
the
face
,
and
afterwards
wounded
him
in
the
Belly
,
upon
which
signal
the
Janizaries
present
took
him
and
cut
off
his
head
,
which
they
fixing
upon
the
point
of
a
Lance
,
carrying
it
in
derision
through
the
Camp
:
nor
satisfied
with
barbarous
and
base
indignities
,
they
at
the
commandment
of
the
Bassa
tore
his
body
in
pieces
with
Camels
,
and
soon
after
put
all
the
Christians
whom
they
had
allured
out
of
their
strength
to
the
Sword
who
yet
fell
not
unrevenged
,
for
the
Cossacks
perceiving
the
hard
plight
they
were
in
,
sered
together
,
and
with
their
weapons
in
their
hands
made
a
great
slaughter
of
the
Enemy
,
but
being
few
in
number
except
their
Captain
,
and
some
other
men
of
note
they
were
all
slain
.
After
this
shameful
Murther
the
Turks
over
run
all
Moldavia
and
Valachia
,
recovering
in
a
short
time
the
strong
places
that
were
possessed
by
the
Vayoods
Garrisons
,
after
which
Selymus
intent
for
the
recovery
of
the
Kingdom
of
Tunis
in
possession
of
the
Spaniards
sent
300
sail
of
Gallies
under
the
command
of
Sinan
Pial
,
and
Vluzales
his
chief
Bassa's
to
reduce
it
to
his
obedience
,
who
after
the
loss
of
30000
Turks
,
with
great
difficulty
took
the
strong
Castle
of
Guletta
,
and
the
new
Castle
built
at
the
Commandment
of
Don
John
in
his
late
expedition
against
the
Moorish
Rebels
,
which
strong
hold
lost
,
Tunes
surrendered
without
making
any
considerable
resistance
,
and
in
it
was
taken
Mahomet
the
late
invested
King
,
whom
the
Turks
sent
Prisoner
to
Constantinople
.
But
Selymus
long
survived
not
this
victory
over
the
Spaniards
,
but
being
spent
with
Wine
and
Women
,
to
whom
he
had
given
his
greatest
strength
he
died
on
the
9th
.
of
December
,
anno
1574.
having
lived
51
years
,
and
thereof
Reigned
eight
,
he
lies
buryed
at
Hadrinople
,
leaving
his
Empire
to
Amurath
his
Eldest
Son
,
who
succeeded
him
by
the
name
of
Amurath
the
Third
,
as
will
appear
in
the
series
of
his
Life
and
Reign
.
CHAP.
XVI
.
The
Life
,
Reign
,
and
Memorable
Transactions
of
Amurath
the
Third
of
that
Name
,
and
sixth
Emperor
of
the
Turks
.
SElymus
dead
,
and
his
Death
kept
secret
from
the
Janizaries
for
the
space
of
twelve
dayes
,
at
the
end
of
which
Amurath
arriving
at
Constantinople
,
was
received
into
the
Seraglio
,
and
took
possession
of
the
Empire
,
when
having
pacified
the
unruly
Souldiers
with
great
liberality
,
he
caused
according
to
the
Turkish
policy
,
Mustapha
,
Solyman
,
Abdula
,
Osman
and
Tzihanger
his
five
brethren
to
be
strangled
,
with
how
strings
even
in
his
sight
,
the
reason
of
which
strangling
is
because
they
would
not
spill
any
of
the
Othoman
sacred
blood
as
they
term
it
on
the
ground
,
upon
the
death
of
whom
the
Mother
of
Solyman
overcome
with
grief
and
dispair
,
stabbed
her self
to
the
Heart
with
a
Dagger
,
at
which
Tragical
sight
it
is
reported
that
Amurath
wept
,
as
not
delighted
with
such
unnatural
cr●elty
,
but
that
the
manner
and
nature
of
his
Government
so
required
,
for
that
by
reason
of
the
largeness
of
the
Ottoman
Empire
,
if
many
of
the
Princes
of
the
blood
lived
at
one
and
the
same
time
,
they
would
probably
with
civil
dissensions
rend
it
in
pieces
.
Anno
1575
Amurath
established
many
wholsom
Laws
,
altered
the
Coin
,
and
bountifully
relieved
the
poor
,
and
albeit
he
was
of
a
mild
and
peaceable
nature
,
yet
that
he
might
seem
like
to
his
Predecessors
he
prosecuted
his
Fathers
Wars
,
and
aided
by
the
Tartars
entered
into
Ruscia
part
of
the
Territories
of
the
King
of
Polonia
,
where
he
burnt
and
destroyed
200
Castles
,
besides
a
great
number
of
Towns
and
Villages
,
putting
multitudes
of
the
poor
people
to
the
Sword
,
and
carrying
as
many
into
miserable
Captivity
,
but
the
Tartar
had
little
joy
of
their
success
,
for
whilst
they
were
busie
in
Ruscia
the
Cossack
brake
into
their
Kingdom
,
and
destroyed
all
before
them
for
the
space
of
100
miles
.
That
which
gave
the
Turks
encouragement
to
enter
the
Territories
of
Polonia
,
was
the
division
amongst
the
nobility
for
Henry
D'
Valoys
their
King
,
upon
notice
that
his
brother
Charles
the
Ninth
French
King
was
dead
,
secretly
departed
to
take
upon
him
the
Kingdom
of
France
,
to
which
he
was
rightful
Heire
,
whereupon
one
party
was
for
Electing
Maximilian
the
German
Emperour
,
and
the
other
strongly
opposing
them
would
have
introduced
the
great
Duke
of
Muscovy
.
Of
which
Amurath
having
notice
,
and
supposing
that
to
which
soever
of
them
it
fell
he
would
prove
a
troublesome
Neighbour
,
he
sent
a
Letter
to
disswade
the
Nobility
and
Counselors
of
the
Kingdom
to
chuse
neither
,
but
to
Elect
a
King
amongst
themselves
,
or
else
Stephen
Buttor
Prince
of
Transylvania
,
and
in
so
doing
they
should
find
him
their
constant
Friend
,
or
in
refusing
to
comply
with
his
desire
to
expect
all
the
calamities
that
attend
on
War
.
In
this
Letter
the
proud
Turk
stiled
himself
God
of
the
Earth
,
Governour
of
the
whole
World
,
the
Messenger
of
God
,
and
faithful
servant
of
the
great
Prophet
.
Yet
so
it
effectually
wrought
with
the
Polonian
Nobility
,
that
notwithstanding
Maximilian
the
Emperour
was
by
the
Arch
Bishop
of
Gnesna
and
some
others
,
Elected
King
;
yet
was
that
their
Election
by
the
great
part
of
the
Electors
disannulled
,
as
also
the
great
Duke
of
Moscovy
rejected
,
and
the
Noble
Princess
Anne
of
the
most
Honourable
Jagelionian
house
chosen
Queen
of
Polonia
,
upon
condition
that
she
should
Marry
Stephen
Prince
of
Transylvania
,
which
she
afterward
performed
,
as
in
the
series
of
this
History
will
appear
.
Amurath
upon
the
afore-mentioned
conditions
having
drawn
his
Army
out
of
Ruscia
,
and
taking
advantage
of
the
discord
arising
in
the
Kingdom
of
Persia
,
upon
the
death
of
Tamas
resolved
to
bend
his
Forces
to
the
Conquest
of
that
great
Kingdom
,
which
(
the
dissension
amongst
the
Sons
of
the
deceased
King
about
the
succession
,
made
him
suppose
)
was
easie
to
be
effected
,
whereupon
raising
such
great
Forces
as
held
Christendom
in
suspence
,
he
yet
declined
attempting
any
thing
till
he
had
knowledge
what
effects
the
civil
broyls
had
wrought
,
which
were
that
after
a
long
contention
,
and
the
Murther
of
many
of
the
Sons
and
Grandchildren
of
the
deceased
King
,
Mahomet
Eldest
son
to
Tamas
,
who
had
before
rejected
the
Diadem
,
to
prevent
the
ruin
of
his
Native
Country
,
took
upon
him
the
Regency
,
though
not
without
the
envy
of
many
of
the
great
Sultans
,
whose
guilt
upon
his
being
proclaimed
King
had
caused
them
to
fly
,
who
like
thorow
paced
Traitors
in
their
exile
solicited
Amurath
by
all
means
speedily
to
invade
the
Kingdom
of
Persia
,
laying
before
him
the
facility
of
conquering
that
noble
Kingdom
,
abounding
with
all
manner
of
riches
,
and
that
the
Georgians
and
Saracens
evily
affected
towards
the
new
King
,
would
not
fail
upon
the
approach
of
his
Army
to
joyn
with
him
.
These
and
the
like
perswasions
fired
the
Turk
with
hopes
of
so
glorious
an
atchievement
,
that
notwithstanding
he
was
in
League
with
the
Persian
,
yet
after
long
debating
the
matter
in
the
Divan
,
it
was
resolved
that
the
War
should
be
undertaken
and
carryed
on
with
all
vigor
,
and
that
the
first
attempt
should
be
made
upon
the
Countrey
of
Servan
,
the
better
to
effect
which
by
alaruming
the
Enemy
in
divers
places
,
he
sent
to
his
Bassa's
Governours
of
Babylon
,
Van
,
and
other
places
on
the
Persian
Frontiers
,
to
molest
the
Territories
by
frequent
inroads
,
to
perform
which
they
were
no
ways
wanting
.
And
now
Stephen
the
Prince
of
Transilvania
having
marryed
Queen
Anne
,
and
being
confirmed
by
the
free
choice
of
the
Nobility
King
of
Poland
,
he
sent
his
Ambassadors
to
Amurath
,
to
conclude
a
firm
and
inviolable
League
,
which
was
granted
by
the
Turk
very
advantageous
to
the
Christians
,
that
he
might
not
be
hindered
in
his
Persian
War
,
which
in
Anno
1578.
he
undertook
,
sending
a
great
Army
under
the
leading
of
Mustapha
Bassa
(
who
in
the
Reign
of
Selymus
had
Conquered
Cyprus
)
into
the
Countrey
of
Servan
,
composed
of
these
following
Nations
,
viz
,
12000
Mesopotamians
,
14000
Babylonians
and
Assyrians
,
2000
Syrians
,
10000
Natolians
,
1000
Jews
of
Palastine
,
4000
Cilicians
,
after
which
followed
the
Soldiers
of
Grecia
,
the
Glory
and
Hope
of
the
whole
Camp
to
the
number
of
10000
,
as
likewise
10000
Janizaries
,
Harquibusires
,
to
whom
4000
of
the
Citizens
of
Er
Zicshum
were
added
besides
many
Voluntiers
of
divers
Nations
:
insomuch
that
the
whole
Army
consisted
of
110000
Horse
and
Foot
,
besides
this
multitude
of
men
,
Mustapha
brought
into
Persia
500
pieces
of
Artillery
,
and
50
Waggon
loads
of
Money
to
leavy
other
Soldiers
,
if
occasion
required
it
.
The
Bassa
with
the
Army
aforesaid
,
arriving
at
Chars
,
after
three
dayes
staying
there
,
during
which
time
being
marvellously
troubled
by
reason
of
a
suddain
Tempest
,
he
raised
his
Camp
and
departed
to
the
foot
of
the
Mountains
of
Chielder
,
otherwise
Periardo
,
where
he
had
knowledge
of
the
Persian
Sophies
Army
Approach
,
which
caused
him
to
put
his
Army
into
order
of
Battle
,
dividing
it
amongst
his
great
Commanders
,
which
were
Deruis
Bassa
of
Caraunt
,
and
Osman
Mahomet
,
and
Musta
Fada
Bassas
;
as
for
the
Persian
Army
under
the
leading
of
Tocomac
an
experienced
Captain
,
whom
for
his
known
valour
and
Loyalty
,
the
Sophy
had
made
General
,
it
consisted
not
of
above
twenty
thousand
,
all
Horsemen
,
gathered
out
of
Georgia
,
Media
,
and
Antropatia
,
who
misinformed
by
their
Scouts
of
the
Turks
number
,
boldly
held
on
their
way
,
resolving
to
give
them
Battle
,
who
from
the
Hills
perceiving
their
intent
,
put
themselves
in
a
posture
to
receive
them
:
whereupon
about
one
in
the
Afternoon
,
a
dreadful
sight
began
,
wherein
at
the
first
charge
were
slain
seven
of
the
Turks
Sanzacks
,
with
a
Great
number
of
Soldiers
without
any
apparent
loss
to
the
Persians
,
who
fighting
close
together
slew
the
Turks
at
a
distance
with
their
shot
of
Arrows
,
and
the
continual
thundering
of
their
Harquibuzes
,
of
which
Engins
by
this
time
they
had
learned
the
perfect
use
.
But
Mustapha
,
who
with
a
great
power
of
his
choice
souldiers
,
having
waited
a
fit
opportunity
,
peirced
the
Squadrons
of
the
horse
,
having
first
made
a
lane
by
the
reiterated
Vollies
of
his
Artillery
,
and
charged
with
such
fury
,
that
although
the
Persians
incouraging
each
other
did
all
than
men
were
capable
to
perform
,
yet
being
overpowered
with
number
,
were
at
length
broken
and
disordered
;
they
under
the
shelter
of
the
night
retired
,
which
the
Turks
without
much
difficulty
permitted
,
they
not
having
any
cause
to
rejoyce
at
the
Victory
so
gotten
,
their
loss
was
so
great
,
yet
keeping
the
field
all
that
night
,
the
next
morning
in
token
of
his
good
success
,
Mustapha
sent
the
heads
of
five
thousand
Persians
,
and
three
thousand
live
prisoners
to
Amurath
,
and
for
the
greater
terror
of
the
enemy
,
caused
the
heads
of
three
thousand
others
to
be
stricken
off
,
and
piled
on
heaps
;
the
Turks
lost
in
this
battle
near
twenty
thousand
,
many
of
their
chief
souldiers
.
The
next
day
after
the
battle
Manuchlars
,
a
Prince
of
the
Georgians
sent
a
messenger
to
Mustapha
,
to
acquaint
him
that
he
was
coming
to
confer
with
him
,
which
did
not
a
little
rejoyce
the
Turk
;
insomuch
that
he
caused
all
his
Great
Commanders
with
Trumpets
,
Ensigns
displayed
,
Drums
beating
,
and
the
discarge
of
all
the
Great
Ordnance
to
receive
him
,
and
in
like
manner
to
conduct
him
to
his
Pavillion
(
not
doubting
but
that
the
revolt
of
this
Prince
would
greatly
further
his
affairs
)
which
being
being
done
,
and
he
entering
the
Bassa's
Tent
,
he
there
was
caused
to
sit
down
on
his
right
hand
,
when
after
having
made
him
presents
of
such
chings
as
for
that
purpose
he
had
brought
,
he
gave
the
Bassa
to
understand
,
That
for
the
honour
and
estimation
he
conceived
of
the
Turkish
valour
,
he
was
ever
devoted
to
the
house
of
the
Ottomans
,
and
as
he
had
often
times
desired
to
venture
his
life
and
fortune
in
their
service
,
so
at
this
present
time
he
moved
by
his
former
desire
,
allured
by
the
strange
fame
of
his
wonderful
and
victorious
Army
,
and
stirred
up
by
a
particular
Fanta●e
to
learn
the
Turkish
Discipline
in
martial
affairs
,
under
such
a
General
as
was
the
Bassa
,
to
whom
he
offered
all
his
devotion
and
service
,
things
as
he
said
not
offered
to
any
before
,
and
in
sine
besought
him
to
accept
of
him
in
the
name
of
Amurath
,
whose
obedient
vassal
he
had
vowed
himself
.
This
Speech
ended
the
Bassa
highly
commended
him
for
his
prudent
choice
and
good
will
towards
the
Turks
;
and
the
more
to
confirm
him
in
the
opinion
he
had
of
the
Ottoman
Greatness
,
he
caused
him
to
be
led
throughout
his
Camp
,
that
so
he
might
take
a
view
of
the
Turkish
Magnificence
,
where
amongst
other
things
he
with
detestation
beheld
the
Pile
of
Persian
heads
,
and
then
returning
to
Mustaphas
Tent
,
he
was
presented
with
Garments
of
cloth
of
Gold
,
a
Gilt
Battle
Ax
and
Target
enameled
with
divers
precious
stones
,
and
never
permitted
him
to
go
from
his
Pavillion
without
a
train
of
his
slaves
attending
on
him
.
Things
being
at
this
pass
,
the
Bassa
was
about
to
raise
his
Camp
,
to
march
into
the
very
heart
of
Persia
,
when
loe
the
face
of
the
Heavens
became
black
as
Egyptian
darkness
,
and
upon
a
sudden
such
Prodigious
Thunders
,
Lightning
,
Rain
and
Hail
,
broke
from
the
yielding
Clouds
,
that
it
seemed
to
most
that
the
dissolution
of
all
things
was
at
hand
,
the
wind
every
where
renting
the
Turkish
Tents
in
pieces
,
and
carrying
them
into
the
Air
;
which
Tempest
and
the
noisom
stench
arising
from
the
Carkases
of
the
dead
,
caused
such
a
Pestilence
in
the
Camp
,
that
upon
the
muster
taken
four
dayes
after
forty
thousand
Turks
were
wanting
,
yet
when
the
weather
cleared
up
he
removed
,
passing
by
the
sides
of
the
Great
Mountain
,
and
in
his
way
taking
in
several
Castles
and
Fortresses
,
though
not
without
the
loss
of
many
of
his
men
;
nor
were
the
Persians
wanting
to
cut
off
his
rear
and
the
straglers
of
his
Camp
,
as
they
found
opportunity
,
by
which
means
many
thousands
of
their
Forragers
and
such
as
greedy
of
booty
left
the
Army
,
were
cut
short
,
yet
having
received
a
great
supply
of
Provision
from
Aleppo
,
he
marched
into
the
Country
of
Siruan
,
when
by
the
way
Alessandro
another
Prince
of
the
Georgians
came
to
the
Bassas
Pavillion
&
submitted
himself
,
as
the
former
had
done
,
being
thereupon
welcomed
in
the
same
nature
,
receiving
rich
presents
from
the
Bassa
as
a
token
of
his
favour
,
as
likewise
a
promise
that
upon
his
return
he
would
pass
through
his
Countrey
to
pay
him
a
visit
.
The
Turks
traveling
twelve
dayes
by
long
marches
came
into
the
confines
of
Sirvan
,
but
finding
all
the
Country
destroyed
before
them
,
they
fell
into
many
ill
conveniencies
,
for
by
the
means
aforesaid
pale
famine
began
to
stare
them
in
the
face
,
which
obliged
them
to
search
for
provision
in
all
places
,
yet
finding
little
,
as
they
were
about
to
return
to
the
Camp
they
happened
on
several
Persian
spies
,
out
of
whom
they
extorted
that
after
they
had
passed
certain
Marshes
where
Canac
discharged
it self
into
Araxis
they
should
find
certain
fields
of
Rice
and
standing
Corn
,
together
with
divers
herds
of
Cattle
,
enough
to
suffice
the
whole
Army
for
a
months
space
,
which
being
made
known
unto
the
Bassa
,
he
not
greatly
credited
the
Report
,
and
therefore
would
not
pass
thither
with
the
whole
Army
,
but
freely
permitted
such
as
would
,
to
go
,
so
that
about
ten
thousand
of
the
most
hungerstarved
,
with
such
necessaries
as
they
thought
fit
,
went
to
seise
upon
this
booty
,
but
had
no
sooner
passed
the
River
and
some
sew
Marshes
,
but
they
fell
into
the
Persian
Ambush
,
laid
for
that
purpose
,
who
put
them
almost
all
to
the
sword
;
but
whilst
they
were
taking
the
spoil
Mustapha
having
notice
by
the
flyers
what
had
happened
,
came
upon
them
with
the
whole
Army
so
suddenly
that
he
hemmed
them
,
as
it
were
in
an
Island
,
made
by
the
meandring
of
Araxis
and
Canac
,
where
setting
upon
them
,
after
a
bloody
fight
put
them
to
the
worst
,
killing
a
great
many
of
them
,
and
forcing
other
to
take
the
River
,
wherein
many
of
them
perished
,
Tocomac
the
General
and
three
other
great
Captains
hardly
escaping
.
After
which
Mustapha
resolved
to
pass
the
River
Canac
,
of
which
the
Souldiers
having
notice
,
began
not
only
to
murmur
but
to
Mutiny
throughout
the
Camp
,
alledging
that
he
carryed
them
to
their
certain
destruction
for
that
being
in
a
strange
Countrey
,
where
all
necessaries
whereby
to
subsist
were
wanting
,
whereby
they
should
subsist
,
they
must
inevitably
perish
,
but
he
urging
that
it
was
the
command
of
Amurath
,
and
if
no
man
but
himself
would
passe
over
he
himself
would
obey
his
Lords
command
,
whereupon
notwithstanding
the
unwillingness
of
three
parts
of
the
Army
the
next
day
the
better
to
encourage
his
Captains
and
Souldiiers
himself
waded
over
,
and
after
him
followed
a
great
number
of
his
slaves
,
and
the
rest
of
the
great
Commanders
,
but
so
slowly
by
reason
of
the
swiftness
of
the
River
,
that
night
approached
ere
half
the
Army
had
gained
the
farther
bank
,
when
the
stream
swelling
with
the
force
of
the
Wind
and
darkness
making
the
Souldiers
fearful
,
8000
of
them
were
driven
headlong
down
the
currant
into
the
deep
places
,
where
they
miserably
perished
together
,
with
a
great
number
of
Camels
and
Horses
,
so
that
the
Persians
living
upon
the
Banks
many
miles
distance
,
perceiving
the
number
of
dead
Turks
together
with
their
weapons
floating
with
the
stream
,
concluded
the
Army
was
overthrown
,
nor
was
the
fortune
of
those
that
passed
over
for
a
time
much
better
,
for
coming
into
a
barren
Countrey
,
a
great
number
of
them
died
for
want
,
yet
having
passed
thus
far
a
greater
mischief
would
have
befallen
them
had
they
returned
,
and
therefore
being
every
way
beset
with
danger
they
resolutely
marched
forward
,
either
to
find
relief
or
to
end
their
days
in
misery
.
But
contrary
to
their
expectation
,
after
two
dayes
hard
marching
they
came
into
a
plentiful
Countrey
stored
with
all
manner
of
Provisions
which
did
not
a
little
revive
them
,
being
before
even
at
the
point
to
perish
,
after
which
having
most
of
the
Cities
of
Sirvan
yielded
to
him
,
he
put
Garrisons
therein
and
furnishing
them
with
all
necessaries
at
the
importunity
of
his
Souldiers
resolved
to
return
home
and
so
passing
through
the
Countrey
of
Prince
Aleflander
,
where
he
revictualled
and
relieved
the
Garrison
of
Testis
,
who
through
Famine
were
reduced
to
such
necessity
,
that
no
unclean
thing
was
left
uneaten
,
and
so
passing
through
the
straights
of
the
rough
Mountains
,
where
he
lost
a
number
of
his
people
,
he
at
length
arrived
at
Erzirum
where
without
any
muster
he
discharged
his
Army
;
thereby
to
hide
the
great
loss
he
had
sustained
from
the
knowledge
of
Amurath
,
and
forgot
not
by
Letters
to
magnifie
his
own
exploits
;
sending
withal
the
two
Georgian
Princes
who
had
submitted
themselves
,
with
Letters
of
recommendation
to
Amurath
.
It
was
not
long
after
the
departure
of
Mustapha
,
but
the
Tartars
in
confederacy
with
the
Turks
,
having
left
the
Fens
of
Moetis
,
and
the
unmountable
shoars
of
the
Black
Sea
,
passing
over
the
Rocks
upon
Colchis
,
and
the
frozen
crags
of
the
Mountain
Caucasus
,
entered
Sirvan
with
an
Army
of
30000
Horse
,
under
the
leading
of
Abdilcherai
,
who
no
less
terrified
the
Persians
then
had
the
Turks
,
but
after
the
taking
of
many
Cities
,
and
ranging
about
the
Country
for
prey
,
as
one
day
they
lay
dispersed
in
a
Valley
near
to
E'res
,
Emire
Hamze
Mirize
Eldest
Son
to
Mahomet
the
Persian
Sophy
,
came
upon
them
unawares
with
12000
Horsemen
,
and
ere
they
could
put
themselves
in
a
posture
of
defence
,
slew
15000
of
them
and
took
almost
all
the
rest
Prisoners
,
and
amongst
them
Abdilcherai
Son
as
he
pretended
himself
to
the
great
Cham
,
who
being
sent
Prisoner
to
Cabiu
the
Regal
seat
of
the
Persian
Sophy
,
so
won
upon
the
favour
of
the
King
and
Queen
,
but
specially
of
the
latter
,
who
was
said
to
be
more
prodigal
of
her
favours
towards
him
then
stood
with
her
honour
,
and
at
the
same
time
Mahomet
intending
to
match
him
to
his
Daughter
,
thereby
to
procure
the
Friendship
of
the
great
Tartarian
Cham
:
it
so
far
moved
the
Sultans
or
great
men
of
the
Court
with
envy
that
they
slew
him
in
the
Palace
,
and
at
the
same
time
as
many
reported
strangled
the
Queen
,
whom
they
found
over
familiar
with
him
in
his
Chamber
,
but
whether
so
or
not
certain
it
is
she
was
never
afterwards
seen
.
The
Tartars
Forces
thus
destroyed
,
the
Terror
of
the
young
Persian
Prince
was
so
great
,
that
what
by
Stratagem
and
plain
Force
,
he
wrested
out
of
the
Turks
hands
most
of
the
Cities
they
had
before
possessed
.
Insomuch
that
(
the
City
of
Derbent
of
which
Osman
Bassa
was
Governour
with
the
title
of
Vizar
of
Sirnan
excepted
)
the
Turks
were
driven
out
of
all
their
strong
places
,
nor
was
it
long
ere
the
Persian
Sophy
practised
with
Shahamel
,
Lord
of
the
Mountain
of
Brus
,
whose
Daughter
Osman
had
married
to
betray
him
and
the
City
into
his
power
,
for
that
he
was
the
onely
man
amongst
the
Georgians
whom
Osman
trusted
,
who
won
by
the
great
promises
of
the
Sophy
,
without
any
respect
to
the
Turk
as
he
was
his
Son-in-Law
,
undertook
to
gratifie
him
in
his
desire
,
but
he
carried
not
the
matter
so
close
but
his
Daughter
understanding
what
that
passed
,
and
more
studious
for
the
preservation
of
her
Husband
,
than
furthering
her
Fathers
purpose
,
she
still
revealed
all
she
knew
;
which
so
inwardly
perplexed
Osman
that
he
resolved
to
prevent
the
Treachery
of
his
Father-in-law
by
taking
him
out
of
the
way
,
whereupon
as
his
usual
manner
was
inviting
him
to
a
solemn
Feast
with
a
chearful
countenance
he
commanded
500
of
his
Soldiers
to
be
in
a
readiness
,
and
that
as
soon
as
Sahamel
was
entered
the
Court
off
his
Pallace
to
seize
him
,
and
after
having
cut
of
his
Head
to
put
all
his
followers
to
the
Sword
,
which
was
accordingly
put
in
execution
,
and
not
so
contented
,
he
sent
out
2000
Horsemen
to
spoil
his
Countrey
,
to
the
great
astonishment
of
all
the
neighbouring
Princes
,
but
to
the
exceeding
grief
of
the
Sophy
who
found
his
hopes
frustrated
by
the
death
of
Sahamel
.
The
year
following
,
viz.
1578.
Amurath
calling
to
him
his
Bassa's
,
consulted
what
was
further
to
be
done
in
relation
to
the
Persian
War
;
when
after
a
long
debate
,
it
was
upon
mature
deliberation
resolved
that
it
was
a
matter
of
dangerous
consequence
to
send
an
Army
into
the
heart
of
Persia
,
where
they
should
not
only
have
a
fierce
Enemy
to
deal
with
,
but
likewise
many
other
difficulties
,
as
hunger
,
overflowing
of
Rivers
,
passing
craggy
Mountains
and
the
like
:
But
that
it
was
therefore
necessary
,
that
by
degrees
they
should
pass
conquering
on
from
the
Borders
still
securing
all
at
their
backs
,
the
care
of
managing
which
being
referred
to
Mustapha
,
he
sent
into
all
the
Heredatary
Countries
of
the
Empire
,
commanding
the
respective
Governours
to
send
him
store
of
Pioners
,
and
men
skilled
in
Architect
,
as
likewise
a
great
number
of
the
most
expert
Souldiers
,
but
especially
those
that
had
been
disbanded
the
year
before
,
upon
notice
of
which
great
multitudes
flocked
to
the
service
,
who
early
in
the
Spring
met
at
Erzirum
,
from
whence
they
marched
under
the
command
of
the
Bassa
to
Chars
,
a
City
on
the
Frontiers
of
Sirnan
,
which
in
the
late
War
had
been
demolished
;
yet
now
again
Rebuilt
and
Fortified
within
the
space
of
23
dayes
,
notwithstanding
the
abundance
of
Snow
that
fell
during
their
labouring
therein
,
the
which
was
no
sooner
finished
but
news
came
that
the
strong
Castle
of
Testis
was
besieged
by
the
Persians
,
who
had
reduced
the
Garrison
to
so
great
a
straight
that
through
Famine
,
they
would
be
obliged
to
yield
up
the
place
if
they
were
not
speedily
relieved
.
Upon
which
in
great
perplexity
he
sent
Hassan
Bassa
,
Son
to
Mahomet
Principal
Vizar
of
the
Court
,
and
Resuan
Captain
of
the
Adventurers
with
20000
Horse
and
Foot
,
furnished
with
Provisions
and
others
Necessaries
for
the
relief
of
the
Besieged
,
who
passing
the
straits
of
Tomanis
,
were
set
upon
by
8000
Persians
under
the
leading
of
Aliculi
Cham
and
Simon
two
expert
Captains
,
who
in
those
intricate
mazes
slew
many
of
them
,
and
took
considerable
spoil
,
which
so
hightened
them
that
within
a
while
after
setting
upon
the
Turks
,
and
thinking
to
have
the
like
advantage
fell
into
their
Ambush
,
so
that
most
of
the
Persians
fell
by
the
Sword
or
were
taken
Prisoners
,
and
amongst
the
latter
Aliculi
Cham
;
wwhich
gave
Hassan
opportunity
to
march
without
further
controul
to
Testis
,
where
through
Famine
he
found
half
the
Garrison
lost
,
yet
encouraging
them
in
the
best
wise
,
and
storing
them
with
all
manner
of
Provision
and
Warlike
Munition
,
he
having
at
their
request
displaced
Mahomet
the
Governour
,
and
constituted
Amet
Bassa
in
his
stead
he
was
about
to
return
the
same
way
he
came
,
but
upon
notice
that
Simon
had
strongly
possessed
himself
of
the
aforesaid
straights
,
and
barrocadoed
them
with
his
great
Artillery
,
he
was
wonderfully
perplexed
as
dispairing
of
his
safe
return
,
which
Aliculi
perceiving
promised
upon
consideration
that
he
would
release
him
,
to
shew
him
a
way
both
plain
and
easie
,
through
which
he
might
pass
without
any
danger
from
the
Persians
,
whereupon
the
Bassa
swore
to
perform
what
he
requested
;
but
afterwards
,
as
is
very
usual
amongst
those
Infidels
revoked
his
Oath
excusing
himself
,
by
saying
,
it
was
not
in
his
power
to
release
any
Prisoner
taken
in
War
without
the
consent
of
his
General
:
of
which
perfidious
dealing
Sinan
having
notice
,
who
before
in
consideration
of
the
delivery
of
Aliculi
had
winked
at
their
passage
,
he
with
his
Light-Horsemen
pursued
hard
after
them
,
when
overtaking
the
Rear
he
charged
them
with
such
fury
,
that
in
great
confusion
they
fled
.
In
which
flight
a
great
number
were
slain
and
taken
Prisoners
with
a
great
booty
,
especially
the
Treasure
of
the
Bassa
,
and
of
Resuan
Captain
of
the
Adventurers
,
which
loss
so
sensibly
afflicted
Mustapha
that
upon
notice
thereof
he
broke
up
his
Army
,
not
thinking
it
convenient
to
attempt
any
thing
further
that
year
,
and
soon
after
he
being
discharged
of
his
Generalship
was
called
home
,
where
upon
his
arrival
at
Court
,
he
was
accused
by
Sinan
Bassa
,
for
neglecting
the
Emperours
affairs
,
wasting
his
Treasure
in
unnecessary
buildings
,
and
rather
giving
the
Enemy
cause
to
contemn
the
Ottoman
Forces
,
then
to
fear
their
Prowess
.
These
and
many
other
such
like
complaints
being
exhibited
against
him
so
incensed
Amurath
,
that
he
resolved
he
should
be
strangled
;
in
order
to
which
he
sent
his
chief
Gentleman
Porter
,
attended
on
by
fifteen
others
to
the
Bassas
Pallace
,
but
the
crafty
old
blade
being
forewarned
of
what
was
intended
against
him
,
caused
himself
for
a
long
time
to
be
denyed
,
but
when
the
messengers
impatient
of
delay
,
urged
that
he
must
and
should
render
obedience
to
the
Emperors
warrant
(
which
they
then
produced
)
they
were
admitted
to
his
presence
,
but
frustrated
of
their
design
,
by
a
Guard
that
inclosed
the
Bassa
with
weapons
,
forbidding
any
access
further
then
a
circle
made
for
that
purpose
,
which
they
perceiving
,
thought
it
no
time
to
put
their
design
in
practice
,
but
rather
to
intreat
him
by
fair
means
to
come
to
Court
,
which
he
refusing
,
they
presented
him
one
of
the
Emperors
Letters
,
in
which
he
commanded
him
that
if
he
would
not
come
in
person
,
yet
to
send
his
Chancellor
and
Treasurer
,
to
give
up
their
accounts
,
and
to
answer
to
the
accusation
against
him
and
them
,
to
which
he
consented
,
upon
promise
that
they
should
not
be
prejudiced
thereby
,
yet
upon
their
arrival
they
were
sent
prisoners
to
the
Tower
called
Jadicula
,
but
by
the
Mediation
of
certain
Great
Ladies
of
the
Court
,
bribed
with
Jewels
of
Extraordinary
price
,
the
Bassas
peace
being
made
,
and
he
coming
into
the
Emperors
presence
,
all
was
blown
over
,
and
his
two
Ministers
set
at
liberty
,
without
any
further
examination
.
During
these
passages
the
Great
Vizar
Bassa
Muhamet
was
stabb'd
in
the
Divano
by
a
private
Souldier
,
whom
he
had
bereaved
of
his
Pension
,
got
at
the
price
of
his
long
service
in
the
wars
,
for
which
the
said
souldier
was
put
to
death
with
most
exquisite
Torments
,
in
whose
place
Mustapha
Bassa
laboured
to
be
chosen
as
his
right
by
course
,
but
Amurath
inwardly
displeased
with
his
proceedings
,
rejected
his
sute
,
and
sent
the
seal
to
Sivan
Bassa
,
whom
he
also
made
General
for
the
Persian
war
,
who
preparing
a
great
Army
marched
to
the
Frontiers
,
and
there
expected
the
success
of
Maxut
Chau
the
Persian
Ambassador
then
arrived
at
Constantinople
to
sue
for
peace
,
but
not
obtaining
his
desire
on
such
Articles
as
he
insisted
on
,
both
Potentates
prepared
for
a
resolute
and
vigorous
war
,
the
one
to
offend
,
and
the
other
to
defend
,
during
which
time
Mustapha
Bassa
dyed
at
Constantinople
,
supposed
either
to
have
been
poysoned
by
the
command
of
Amurath
,
or
else
that
to
prevent
the
fate
of
strangling
he
had
poisoned
himself
.
The
Persian
Ambassador
being
returned
to
his
Master
,
and
giving
him
to
understand
that
there
was
no
peace
to
be
had
with
the
Turk
unless
he
would
peaceably
deliver
into
his
possession
the
Country
of
Sir●an
,
and
that
himself
being
taken
for
a
Spye
in
the
Turkish
Court
,
was
glad
to
give
Amurath
great
hopes
of
obtaining
his
desire
,
to
prevent
death
or
imprisonment
,
yet
that
it
remained
at
the
pleasure
of
the
King
whether
he
would
stand
to
any
thing
that
had
been
by
him
proposed
;
for
which
good
service
of
Mexut
Chau
the
Sophy
made
him
Great
Treasurer
of
Tauris
,
which
at
that
time
was
Governed
by
Emir
Chau
his
mortal
enemy
,
who
sought
by
all
the
means
he
could
to
destroy
him
;
wherefore
declining
to
go
thither
in
person
,
he
officiated
his
Office
by
his
Deputy
,
of
which
Emir
taking
hold
of
as
a
fit
opportunity
to
work
his
destruction
,
secretly
induced
the
Sophy
to
believe
that
he
held
secret
correspondence
with
the
Turks
,
and
for
that
reason
lay
hovering
on
the
Frontiers
,
placing
a
base
fellow
as
his
Deputy
to
officiate
so
great
a
Trust
which
was
not
a
little
dishonour
to
the
Majesty
of
the
Persian
King
;
whereupon
the
Sophy
gave
him
power
to
seize
Mexut
Chau
and
most
of
his
principal
servants
,
and
by
Torture
to
wring
out
of
them
the
truth
of
the
matter
.
Glad
was
Emir
to
have
so
fair
an
opportunity
to
destroy
Mexut
,
and
thereupon
without
further
delay
sent
fifteen
stout
fellows
to
Caffangich
Mexuts
place
of
abode
to
fetch
him
and
his
servants
by
force
,
who
arriving
there
,
and
having
admittance
to
his
presence
,
he
promised
to
go
with
them
,
and
gave
to
each
of
them
a
present
,
ordering
his
Steward
to
make
them
merry
,
whilst
he
prepared
himself
to
accompany
them
to
their
Lord
Emir
,
but
with
secret
command
to
make
them
drunk
,
which
his
Steward
so
suddenly
effected
,
that
within
an
hours
space
they
fell
fast
asleep
,
which
Maxut
perceiving
,
fast
bound
them
with
ropes
,
and
throwing
them
into
a
deep
well
,
with
all
his
family
fled
to
the
Turkish
Bassa
,
then
with
his
Army
on
the
Frontiers
,
who
upon
notice
of
what
had
happened
kindly
received
him
.
Sivan
Bassa
having
stayed
at
Chars
with
the
Turkish
Army
eight
dayes
,
he
by
easie
marches
came
to
Teflis
,
having
by
the
way
lost
many
of
his
Forragers
cut
off
by
the
Georgian
Horsemen
,
but
arriving
at
the
place
aforesaid
he
was
recruited
out
of
Syria
and
Judea
,
and
having
distributed
part
of
his
Treasure
amongst
the
Souldiers
,
and
set
all
things
in
order
,
he
with
his
Army
departed
thence
;
when
passing
the
Strait
of
Tomanis
,
he
had
notice
from
Mustassad
(
afterwards
Governor
of
Aleppo
)
that
not
far
distant
on
the
right
hand
,
were
several
fields
of
standing
Corn
and
Herds
of
Cattle
grazing
slenderly
guarded
,
which
the
Bassa
induced
to
believe
,
sent
the
said
Mustafsad
with
a
strong
power
to
seize
upon
that
booty
,
of
which
his
Army
stood
so
much
in
need
,
but
they
were
no
sooner
within
danger
,
but
the
Persians
and
Georgians
burst
out
upon
them
in
great
numbers
,
putting
them
on
every
side
to
flight
,
whom
they
pursued
so
fiercely
that
seven
thousand
of
them
were
slain
,
many
taken
Prisoners
,
and
all
their
Cammels
and
other
beasts
of
burthen
taken
,
of
which
Sivan
,
having
notice
,
in
a
great
rage
dispatched
the
Bassa
of
Caramania
,
with
twenty
thousand
horse
and
foot
to
pursue
the
Persians
,
after
whom
himself
followed
with
the
whole
Army
,
but
too
late
,
for
that
perceiving
from
a
high
mountain
what
was
intended
had
withdrawn
themselves
,
yet
some
straglers
fell
into
the
Turks
hands
,
part
of
whom
they
slew
,
and
part
they
saved
alive
;
yet
the
Turks
holding
on
their
way
came
to
Triala
,
where
they
understood
that
the
Persian
King
being
departed
from
Tauris
,
was
coming
against
them
with
a
great
Army
,
resolving
to
give
them
battle
,
upon
which
Sivan
gave
strict
command
throughout
his
Army
,
that
every
man
on
pain
of
death
should
be
in
a
readiness
to
March
,
he
resolving
to
meet
the
King
on
his
way
;
after
which
he
descended
into
the
large
Plains
of
Chielder
,
where
a
former
battle
had
been
fought
between
the
Turks
and
the
Persians
,
where
not
hearing
of
the
Kings
approach
,
after
having
mustered
his
Army
,
he
resolved
to
March
to
Tauris
to
inrich
himself
with
the
spoiles
of
that
City
,
but
by
the
way
under
pretence
of
trying
his
men
,
he
caused
a
counterfeit
battle
tobe
fought
amongst
his
own
Souldiers
,
as
in
case
of
a
General
muster
,
which
ever
after
rendred
him
a
by-word
to
his
Souldiers
,
and
loytering
in
the
aforesaid
plains
for
the
space
of
eight
dayes
;
in
the
mean
space
Aider
the
Aga
as
an
Ambassador
from
the
Persian
King
came
to
his
Camp
,
offering
in
the
name
of
his
Master
such
proposals
as
Maxut
had
before
done
at
Constantinople
,
which
were
that
Chars
and
Teflis
should
be
quietly
possessed
of
the
Turks
,
that
so
a
good
correspondence
might
be
continued
between
the
Subjects
of
both
Potentates
,
for
accomplishing
of
this
desired
peace
,
Sinan
promised
to
deal
with
Amurath
,
provided
the
Persian
would
send
an
Ambassador
to
Constantinople
,
which
being
resolved
on
,
the
proud
Bassa
returned
to
Chars
,
and
from
thence
departed
to
Erizirum
,
where
he
dismissed
his
Army
,
having
done
nothing
worthy
the
name
of
a
General
.
In
the
year
1581
Amurath
caused
his
son
Mahomet
to
be
circumcised
after
the
Hebrew
manner
;
in
honour
of
which
solemnity
he
made
a
feast
which
continued
with
shews
and
sports
,
for
the
space
of
forty
days
,
where
all
,
or
most
of
the
Christian
and
Mahometan
Princes
Ambassadors
were
present
;
and
amongst
them
the
Ambassador
of
Persia
,
whom
Amurath
(
after
suffering
many
affronts
to
be
put
upon
him
)
caused
to
be
imprisoned
with
all
his
Retinue
,
so
straightly
,
that
though
one
hundred
of
his
servants
dyed
of
the
Plague
,
yet
much
adoe
had
he
to
get
himself
removed
to
Erzirum
.
This
hard
handling
of
the
Ambassador
made
the
conceived
hopes
of
Peace
to
vanish
,
insomuch
that
either
Potentate
prepared
for
war
,
when
as
Amurath
not
well
liking
the
proceedings
of
Sivan
,
constituted
Mahomet
Bassa
,
nephew
to
Mustapha
Bassa
deceased
,
which
choice
Sivan
greatly
inveighed
against
,
though
all
in
vain
;
for
early
in
the
spring
,
he
taking
charge
of
the
Army
designed
for
the
Persian
war
,
departed
from
Erzirum
accompanied
with
the
Bassa
of
Caramite
,
carrying
with
him
great
store
of
provision
,
and
a
huge
mass
of
mony
,
but
such
was
his
bad
fortune
that
in
his
way
to
Teflis
,
passing
a
River
his
Army
was
routed
by
the
Persians
and
Georgians
,
and
most
of
his
best
Souldiers
slain
or
taken
prisoners
,
a
great
part
of
the
mony
and
provision
,
fell
likewise
into
the
hands
of
the
enemy
;
so
that
not
having
sufficient
to
relieve
the
Garison
,
hardly
oppressed
by
famine
,
he
had
much
adoe
to
perswade
the
Souldiers
to
continue
in
it
,
and
exceedingly
to
straighten
his
discomfited
Army
to
supply
that
place
with
mony
and
provision
;
all
which
calamity
being
supposed
to
happen
by
the
Sinister
Council
of
one
Mustapha
a
Renagate
Georgian
,
then
in
the
Turks
Camp
,
who
was
more
then
suspected
to
hold
correspondence
with
his
Country
;
wherefore
Mahomet
with
other
his
trusty
Counsellers
resolved
his
death
,
whereupon
he
called
a
Council
in
his
own
Pavillion
,
pretending
letters
of
instruction
from
the
Emperor
,
and
secretly
gave
order
that
upon
the
coming
of
Mustapha
,
whilst
the
Letters
were
in
reading
,
the
Janizaries
should
cut
off
his
head
,
but
the
Georgian
having
notice
,
chose
out
fifty
of
his
faithful
followers
,
and
imparting
to
them
what
was
intended
,
commanded
them
to
be
near
at
hand
and
at
the
first
call
to
enter
the
Pavilion
,
where
if
they
perceived
any
violence
used
towards
his
person
,
they
should
not
spare
the
General
himself
.
Matters
being
brought
to
this
pass
,
and
Mustapha
entred
the
Pavilion
of
the
Bassa
,
the
counterfeit
Letters
were
ordered
to
be
read
,
which
done
,
and
the
Georgian
about
to
depart
,
promising
to
perform
what
ever
the
King
should
command
,
Capagi
Bassa
Mahomets
Great
usher
,
came
to
him
and
plucking
him
by
the
sleeve
,
would
have
forced
him
to
have
sat
down
,
which
he
perceiving
,
and
knowing
his
life
was
in
danger
,
drew
his
sword
,
and
struck
Mahomets
Lieutenant
so
forcibly
on
the
head
,
that
he
clove
him
to
the
stomach
,
then
reversing
his
blow
,
wounded
the
Bassa
of
Caramite
,
as
likewise
many
others
,
and
had
killed
the
General
himself
,
had
not
the
uproar
caused
many
to
enter
the
Pavillion
,
and
amongst
others
his
fifty
followers
,
who
carryed
him
in
safety
to
his
Tent.
This
action
caused
grievous
complaints
to
be
sent
to
Amurath
from
either
party
,
whereby
he
understanding
the
evil
state
of
his
affairs
in
those
Parts
,
exceedingly
blamed
his
Bassa's
for
pushing
on
into
such
a
dangerous
war
,
and
in
a
rage
thrust
Sivan
Bassa
from
his
Vizarship
,
placing
Sciaus
Bassa
(
a
Hungarian
born
,
and
to
whom
he
had
married
his
sister
)
in
his
stead
.
The
Turks
affairs
being
at
this
pass
Anno
1582
,
they
had
small
mind
to
proceed
in
their
war
against
the
Persians
,
nor
was
the
Persian
King
less
desirous
to
be
rid
of
so
troublesome
a
guest
,
that
he
might
be
the
better
at
leasure
to
suppress
the
Rebellion
raised
by
his
Son
Abas
Mirize
,
who
countenanced
by
the
chief
of
the
Sultans
,
had
seized
upon
many
strong
places
,
and
was
now
Fortifying
himself
in
Ateri
,
whither
his
father
passed
with
a
great
Army
by
the
way
,
recovering
such
Towns
as
had
revolted
from
his
obedience
,
and
putting
such
of
the
Traitors
as
he
found
therein
to
death
;
but
coming
before
the
City
,
the
young
Prince
wrote
such
submissive
Letters
to
his
father
and
elder
brother
,
then
in
his
fathers
Camp
,
that
the
old
man
was
well
content
,
that
he
should
by
his
Ambassadors
be
admitted
to
purge
himself
of
such
crimes
as
were
laid
to
his
charge
,
which
he
did
so
effectually
that
the
whole
matter
appearing
to
be
framed
and
contrived
by
Mirize
Sulmos
,
who
notwithstanding
had
perswaded
the
King
to
make
that
Expedition
against
his
Son
that
he
might
advantage
himself
by
being
made
General
of
the
Army
;
to
put
an
end
to
further
differences
the
said
Mirize
Sulmus
was
by
the
Kings
command
beheaded
,
as
being
indeed
the
Author
of
those
intestine
troubles
.
These
things
thus
disposed
,
the
Sophy
was
now
at
leasure
to
oppose
the
invading
Turks
,
wherefore
gathering
a
great
Army
he
striped
them
out
of
many
of
their
holds
,
which
so
enraged
Amurath
that
appointing
Ferat
Bassa
his
General
,
whom
with
full
instructions
he
dismissed
with
a
great
Army
,
with
which
having
roamed
about
Sunan
and
Georgia
all
Summer
,
Anno
1583.
with
the
loss
of
many
of
his
men
,
and
the
revolt
of
Mustaffa
,
he
in
September
returned
to
Erzirum
having
done
nothing
more
,
then
destroyed
the
Countrey
of
Mustaffa
,
and
relieved
Teflis
.
The
following
year
the
P●●sian
King
resolving
to
drive
the
Turks
out
of
his
Countrey
,
raised
a
great
Army
,
and
encamped
in
the
Plains
before
the
City
of
Tauris
,
of
which
Ferat
having
notice
would
not
depart
from
Erzirum
before
he
had
sent
to
Amurath
to
have
his
opinion
therein
,
who
sent
him
an
express
to
relieve
if
possible
the
Garrison
of
Teflis
with
a
small
power
to
oppose
the
rest
of
the
Army
against
the
Enemy
,
whereupon
he
resolved
to
put
in
practice
the
pleasure
of
his
Lord
.
In
order
to
which
the
better
to
secure
the
passage
or
strait
of
Tomanis
,
he
built
a
Castle
in
the
enterance
thereof
1700
yards
in
compass
,
furnishing
it
with
all
necessaries
,
and
then
sent
a
detachment
of
20000
Horse
and
Foot
,
under
the
leading
of
Resuan
Bassa
for
the
releif
of
Teflis
,
but
fearing
that
power
not
sufficient
sent
others
after
him
,
under
the
leading
of
the
Bassa
of
Caramite
,
of
which
Simon
the
Georgian
Prince
having
notice
yet
deceived
in
their
number
,
hasted
over
the
Countrey
by
short
cuts
to
give
them
Battle
,
which
he
was
the
readier
to
do
because
he
at
first
discovered
no
more
then
6000
Turks
,
the
rest
lying
behind
a
Hill
,
but
Battle
once
joyned
they
came
down
upon
him
like
a
Tempest
,
and
so
oppressed
his
small
number
not
exceeding
4000
,
who
yet
fought
desperately
,
that
he
and
all
his
men
had
been
slain
,
had
not
the
other
Turks
sent
by
Ferat
to
strengthen
Resuan
,
appeared
upon
the
Hills
at
a
distance
,
whom
those
Turks
that
were
fighting
supposed
to
be
Persians
,
and
by
that
means
not
daring
to
pursue
the
retiring
Georgians
for
fear
of
being
drawn
into
an
Ambush
,
they
easily
found
means
to
escape
,
and
the
Bassa
the
like
,
to
relieve
Teflis
,
and
with
the
same
facility
to
return
to
the
Camp
which
by
this
time
began
to
be
sorely
oppressed
with
Famine
,
insomuch
that
a
bushel
of
Wheat
was
sold
for
100
Ducates
,
which
caused
the
Camp
to
rise
,
and
march
towards
the
Countrey
of
Mustaffa
,
formerly
called
Manucchiar
the
Georgian
Prince
who
now
revolting
from
the
Turks
took
part
with
the
other
Georgian
Princes
,
but
the
many
difficulties
being
apparent
to
the
Soldiers
by
reason
of
the
advancement
of
the
Season
,
they
flatly
denyed
to
obey
his
command
threatning
him
with
great
mischief
if
he
did
not
speedily
return
to
Erzirum
,
nor
did
they
forbear
to
assault
him
in
his
Tent
threatning
him
with
present
death
,
if
he
continued
to
expose
them
to
the
miseries
of
Hunger
and
Cold
,
which
so
that
finding
no
means
to
restrain
their
insolency
,
or
to
quiet
their
continual
clamours
,
but
a
speedy
return
to
Erzirum
,
he
was
forced
to
yield
to
their
requests
where
arriving
after
a
tedious
march
wherein
he
lost
many
of
his
best
Souldiers
,
he
broke
up
the
Army
.
The
Persian
King
hovering
about
Tauris
,
and
having
notice
of
all
that
had
passed
,
sent
away
a
great
part
of
his
Army
,
an
forasmuch
as
Emir
Cham
Governour
of
that
City
had
neglected
to
oppose
the
Turks
during
their
building
several
strong
Fortresses
to
keep
the
passages
of
the
straits
,
nor
assisted
him
as
he
ought
,
he
caused
his
Eyes
to
be
put
out
and
himself
to
be
cast
into
prison
(
where
shortly
after
he
died
of
grief
)
and
made
Aliculi
Cham
who
a
little
before
had
escaped
from
the
Turks
Camp
Governour
in
his
stead
.
About
this
time
the
League
between
Amurath
and
R●dolphus
the
German
Emperour
,
by
reason
of
some
Hostilities
committed
between
their
Subjects
,
had
like
to
have
ended
;
but
upon
more
mature
consideration
of
what
had
passed
,
and
reparation
on
the
part
of
the
Aggressors
for
dammages
sustained
,
it
was
again
renewed
for
the
space
of
8
years
,
after
which
Ferat
Bassa
upon
the
complaint
of
the
great
Captains
falling
into
disgrace
with
Amurath
he
was
deposed
from
his
trust
of
General
,
and
Osman
Bassa
Governour
of
Sirvan
(
who
for
his
many
victories
over
the
Tartars
was
become
famous
)
appointed
General
in
his
stead
,
and
made
chief
Vizar
;
(
The
greatest
honour
that
can
be
conferred
on
any
person
by
the
Ottoman
Emperors
.
)
And
now
Amurath
casting
in
his
mind
the
subduing
of
Tauris
,
caused
a
great
Army
to
be
raised
,
and
the
better
to
make
the
Persian
neglect
the
Fortifying
of
that
City
,
caused
it
to
be
bruted
that
he
intended
to
invade
Nassivan
;
but
whilst
these
preparations
were
intended
against
the
Persians
,
the
Villany
of
a
Venetian
Captain
had
gone
near
to
turn
them
upon
the
Christian
,
the
manner
thus
.
The
Widow
of
Ramadan
Bassa
late
Governour
of
Tripolis
in
Barbary
,
with
her
Children
and
Servant
being
imbarqued
in
three
Gallies
,
in
order
to
their
being
transported
to
Constantinople
,
sailing
by
the
mouth
of
the
Adriatick
were
by
contrary
Winds
driven
into
the
Gulf
where
,
Petrus
Emunius
a
Venetian
Captain
,
of
the
order
of
the
Senators
,
lying
with
certain
Gallies
set
upon
those
before
mentioned
and
boarded
them
,
where
he
exercised
most
barbarous
cruelty
,
as
well
upon
the
Women
as
the
Men.
For
having
slain
the
Mariners
in
number
250
,
and
the
Son
of
Ramadan
,
a
Child
in
his
Mothers
lap
,
he
caused
the
Women
first
to
be
Ravished
,
and
then
having
their
Breasts
cut
off
to
be
cast
into
the
Sea
;
nor
did
he
exercise
this
cruelty
upon
the
Turks
onely
,
but
upon
such
Christians
likewise
as
he
found
on
board
,
using
such
barbarity
as
was
thought
to
prevent
the
discovery
of
the
great
Riches
he
found
in
those
Gallies
.
Yet
was
it
afterwards
made
manifest
by
one
of
the
Turks
,
who
during
the
slaughter
had
hid
himself
in
the
hold
,
and
was
afterwards
saved
by
a
Cretian
,
who
had
in
like
manner
been
formerly
preserved
by
the
said
Turk
,
who
coming
to
Constantinople
declared
what
had
happened
,
which
so
enraged
Amurath
that
he
sent
to
the
Venetians
speedily
to
make
reparation
or
to
expect
their
Frontiers
to
be
invaded
.
To
which
the
Senators
answered
,
they
were
altogether
Ignorant
of
what
had
happened
,
but
if
so
as
the
Messengers
related
,
upon
enquiry
,
reparation
should
be
made
,
which
being
found
according
to
the
relation
of
the
Turks
,
they
caused
Emus
to
be
beheaded
,
the
Gally
to
be
restored
,
and
to
supply
the
loss
of
the
slaves
delivered
them
a
like
number
of
Turks
and
Moors
,
which
for
that
time
appeased
the
indignation
of
Amurath
.
Amurath
anno
1585.
having
constituted
Hassan
Bassa
the
Queens
Eunuch
Governour
of
Caire
,
afterwards
casting
his
Eyes
upon
Ebraim
Bassa
,
a
Sclavonian
about
23
years
of
Age
,
resolved
to
make
him
his
Son-in-law
,
and
to
raise
him
to
a
condition
worthy
so
great
an
honour
as
to
marry
the
Daughter
of
an
Emperour
,
he
made
him
soveraign
Judge
of
Egypt
,
of
which
Hassan
having
notice
,
and
by
reason
of
the
suddain
advancement
of
Ebraim
,
doubting
his
safety
fled
to
Constantinople
,
and
fell
at
the
Emperours
feet
,
desiring
to
know
what
crime
he
had
committed
to
have
a
Master
so
suddainly
set
over
him
,
but
had
no
other
answer
then
that
he
must
to
Prison
,
where
after
he
had
continued
a
long
time
still
expecting
the
fatal
hour
,
he
was
at
the
earnest
intercession
of
the
Empress
,
and
the
great
Ladies
of
the
Court
set
at
Liberty
,
but
all
his
riches
seized
and
converted
to
the
Emperours
use
.
Ebraim
being
settled
in
his
Government
of
Egypt
,
by
extorting
great
summs
of
money
from
the
Egyptians
and
other
people
subject
to
his
rule
,
in
a
short
time
heaped
up
great
Riches
,
when
at
the
end
of
three
years
Amurath
sent
for
him
to
Constantinople
,
to
Celebrate
the
intended
Marriage
,
charging
him
withal
to
pass
through
the
Countrey
of
the
Drusians
,
a
people
inhabiting
a
large
Countrey
invironed
with
Joppa
,
Caesaria
,
Palestina
,
and
within
the
Rivers
Orantes
and
Jordan
,
stretching
it self
even
to
the
Plains
of
Damasco
near
to
the
Hills
that
compass
it
about
,
upon
the
Coast
of
Mount
Libanus
,
and
are
said
to
be
the
race
of
those
Christians
that
seated
themselves
there
in
the
time
that
the
Princes
of
the
West
sent
their
Armies
to
subdue
the
Holy
Land
,
but
have
since
bin
perverted
to
the
Mahometan
Superstition
,
and
at
the
coming
of
Ebraim
into
those
parts
with
his
Army
,
they
were
divided
under
many
Princes
of
which
these
were
the
chief
,
viz.
Ebne
Man
,
of
the
Turks
called
man
Ogli
,
Serafadin
,
Mahamet
Ebne-Mansur
,
Eben
Frec
,
and
Ali
Ebne-Carfus
,
by
the
Turks
called
Ali
Carfus-Ogli
,
under
whom
were
divers
Lieutenants
called
their
Macademi
or
Agents
,
all
of
which
except
Eben
Man
Ogli
,
upon
the
arrival
of
the
Bassa
sent
him
rich
Presents
;
whereupon
he
entering
the
Countrey
of
the
said
Ogli
wasted
it
with
Fire
and
Sword
,
which
made
the
rest
of
the
Princes
exceeding
angry
,
and
underhand
to
send
aid
to
their
Compere
,
with
which
incamping
himself
advantagiously
,
he
fell
upon
Veis
Bassa
who
lead
a
part
of
the
Turks
Army
and
discomfited
him
,
puting
500
of
his
Men
to
the
Sword
,
and
carrying
away
a
rich
booty
,
which
so
inraged
Ebraim
that
he
used
his
utmost
diligence
to
intrap
the
aforesaid
Prince
,
but
finding
no
means
to
effect
the
same
,
he
began
with
fair
Promises
and
Presents
,
to
corrupt
his
Macademes
,
one
of
which
together
with
300
Drustans
,
he
got
into
his
power
,
whom
in
revenge
of
Veis
his
overthrow
he
caused
to
be
flead
alive
,
and
all
his
followers
slain
,
and
again
raged
with
Fire
and
Sword
throughout
the
Countrey
,
when
afterward
by
dissimulation
and
feigned
Friendship
,
he
got
Eben
Mansur
into
his
power
,
whom
he
caused
to
be
fast
chained
and
sent
to
the
Gallies
,
after
which
he
took
the
spoil
of
his
Countrey
,
and
afterward
with
a
great
Booty
returned
to
Constantinople
,
where
he
was
in
triumph
received
by
his
Friends
,
amongst
whom
he
bestowed
Liberally
the
spoils
taken
from
the
Drusians
,
even
to
the
value
of
one
Million
of
Ducates
,
and
200000
Sultanies
.
But
upon
his
departure
out
of
the
Drusians
Countrey
,
they
joyning
with
the
Arabian
to
revenge
the
injuries
themselves
sustained
,
entered
the
Turks
Confines
and
committed
many
outrages
,
burning
and
destroying
all
before
them
,
not
in
their
anger
sparing
Man
,
Woman
or
Child
,
passing
on
even
to
the
Gates
of
Jerusalem
,
being
assisted
covertly
by
the
Sub-Bassa
of
Bethlehem
,
who
displeased
with
the
rule
of
Ebraim
,
watched
his
opportunity
to
revolt
to
the
Enemy
,
but
was
prevented
by
being
slain
,
alive
at
the
Commandment
of
one
of
the
Sanzaks
of
Jury
.
Whilst
affairs
stood
thus
in
Egypt
and
the
Drusians
Land
,
Osman
had
compleated
his
Army
at
Erzirum
,
which
upon
Muster
was
found
to
consist
of
180000
choice
Souldiers
,
with
which
on
the
11th
.
of
August
1585.
he
marched
toward
Tauris
keeping
on
his
way
till
he
came
into
the
vast
Chalderan
,
memorable
for
many
Battles
fought
therein
between
the
Turks
and
Persians
,
where
straitned
for
want
the
Soldiers
mutined
against
him
,
upbraiding
him
with
many
reproachful
words
,
and
threatning
him
with
death
,
for
that
as
they
said
contrary
to
his
promise
he
had
drawn
them
into
a
place
of
danger
to
become
a
prey
to
the
Enemy
;
at
which
the
Bassa
being
much
perplexed
sent
for
the
Captain
,
and
by
telling
them
it
was
the
Sultans
express
Command
,
and
that
he
did
not
in
the
lest
doubt
but
to
become
victorious
,
and
therefore
prayed
them
to
rest
contented
,
and
not
Eclipse
their
honour
by
their
civil
dissensions
amongst
themselves
,
which
would
rather
give
the
Enemy
advantage
against
them
then
any
thing
else
,
and
that
if
it
was
given
out
upon
the
raising
the
Army
,
that
it
was
intended
for
Nassivan
,
that
specious
pretence
was
as
he
said
to
render
the
Persian
more
secure
,
and
thereby
to
hinder
his
great
preparations
.
These
and
such
like
speeches
,
together
with
a
small
distribution
of
money
calmed
the
Tempest
the
Mutiners
had
raised
,
and
thereupon
the
Army
rising
passed
on
towards
Cay
,
from
thence
to
Marant
a
City
Subject
to
the
Persians
,
and
so
keeping
their
way
came
within
sight
of
Tauris
the
mark
at
which
they
aimed
,
upon
which
proposing
to
themselves
a
kind
of
security
,
the
Van
of
the
Army
fell
to
spoiling
the
Countrey
,
and
seizing
upon
what
best
liked
them
,
keeping
little
or
no
order
in
their
March
,
of
which
Emir
Hamze
King
Mahumets
Eldest
Son
perceiving
,
with
10000
Horsemen
lay
in
Ambush
in
a
way
where
they
must
pass
,
and
having
got
them
within
his
danger
,
burst
out
upon
them
with
such
fury
that
he
overrun
that
part
of
the
Army
,
put
7000
to
the
Sword
,
and
carrying
away
a
number
of
Prisoners
,
and
so
with
great
spoil
retired
ere
the
gross
of
the
Turks
Army
could
come
up
.
Yet
Osman
upon
notice
of
what
had
happened
,
sent
Mahomet
Bassa
and
the
Bassa
of
Caramite
after
him
,
the
victorious
Prince
with
14
Horse
and
Foot
,
who
by
speedy
Marches
overtaking
him
had
with
him
a
bloody
conflict
,
in
which
6000
Turks
were
slain
,
nor
had
any
escaped
had
not
the
darkness
of
the
night
caused
the
retreat
on
both
sides
to
be
sounded
.
The
next
Morning
the
Turks
Camp
removed
,
and
came
within
two
Miles
of
Tauris
,
where
Aliculi
Chan
of
whom
I
have
before
spoken
was
Governour
,
who
desirous
to
revenge
himself
upon
the
perfidious
Turks
issued
out
of
the
City
with
about
6000
resolute
Persians
,
and
charging
those
that
were
advanced
beat
them
back
into
their
Trenches
with
great
slaughter
,
but
upon
the
opening
the
Tires
of
Ordnance
,
and
advancing
of
the
Janizaries
,
finding
himself
not
capable
of
incountering
such
a
multitude
he
retired
into
the
City
,
after
whom
the
Turks
in
a
confused
manner
pressed
,
but
in
the
enterance
so
strongly
resisted
,
that
the
passages
were
filled
with
their
dead
carkasses
,
and
all
the
Ditches
swum
with
their
blood
,
but
fresh
supplies
coming
on
and
the
City
Walls
no
way
built
for
defence
,
badly
furnished
with
Defendants
,
and
worse
with
Ordnance
,
at
length
the
Turks
entered
,
spoiling
with
incredible
barbarity
that
great
City
the
Regal
seat
of
the
Persian
Kings
.
Yet
such
compassion
wrought
in
the
breast
of
Osman
the
General
,
that
he
caused
Proclamation
to
be
made
,
that
upon
pain
of
death
none
should
kill
any
that
made
not
resistance
,
and
when
the
tumult
was
over
came
himself
to
take
a
view
thereof
,
and
gave
Orders
for
its
Fortification
,
sending
out
partys
daily
to
reduce
the
other
place
adjacent
to
the
Turkish
obedience
,
and
so
speedy
were
they
in
Fortifying
,
that
within
the
space
of
36
days
a
strong
Castle
was
erected
.
Five
dayes
after
the
building
of
the
new
Castle
was
began
,
even
when
the
Taurisians
thought
themselves
secure
,
news
was
brought
into
the
Turkish
Camp
that
8
Janizaries
and
divers
Spaoglians
were
seen
strangled
in
a
Bath
,
within
the
City
of
Tauris
,
whereupon
the
Zani
Spahini
and
Janizaries
in
a
great
rage
went
to
the
Generals
Pavilion
,
telling
him
that
although
he
had
with
too
much
clemency
given
Order
that
none
should
molest
or
hurt
the
Taurisians
,
and
that
according
to
his
pleasure
every
man
had
used
his
modesty
towards
them
,
and
obedience
to
him
,
yet
the
Taurisians
themselves
had
most
audaciously
strangled
several
Janizaries
and
Spaoglians
,
which
injury
and
insolency
they
said
was
not
to
be
suffered
.
This
outrage
(
whether
true
or
only
raised
by
such
as
desired
to
satifie
their
inordinate
lusts
,
is
uncertain
)
so
moved
the
Bassa
,
that
without
any
further
delay
hecommanded
the
City
to
be
sacked
,
leaving
it
wholly
to
the
discretion
of
the
Souldiers
,
who
like
hell-hounds
greedy
of
blood
run
with
full
cry
into
the
City
,
filling
every
place
with
slaughter
of
the
amazed
Taurisians
,
Matrons
were
Ravished
,
Virgins
defloured
,
young
Children
dashed
against
the
pavement
,
houses
fired
,
and
other
outrages
committed
that
are
commonly
attendants
upon
such
General
calamities
;
so
that
it
was
a
misery
almost
inexplicable
to
behold
that
City
so
populous
,
so
rich
,
honoured
with
the
Palace
of
the
Persian
Kings
,
now
subject
to
the
fury
of
the
Turks
plunged
in
calamity
and
utter
destruction
.
The
outrages
committed
in
Tauris
coming
to
the
knowledge
of
the
Persian
King
he
was
greatly
offended
,
insomuch
that
he
resolved
with
the
hazard
of
a
Battle
,
to
revenge
the
indignity
,
of
whose
approach
Osman
who
then
lay
sick
in
his
Pavilion
haveing
notice
,
Command
Sinan
Bassa
and
Mahumet
Bassa
should
with
all
the
Greek
Soldiers
,
and
others
,
to
the
number
of
74000
should
go
out
and
meet
the
Enemy
,
who
by
the
craft
of
the
forerunners
of
his
Army
drawing
the
Turks
within
his
strengths
,
had
with
them
there
a
mortal
Battle
,
wherein
10000
of
their
Souldiers
were
slain
,
and
the
two
Bassa's
in
great
confusion
obliged
to
fly
to
the
Camp
,
leaving
most
of
their
Insigns
,
and
all
their
baggage
as
a
prey
to
the
Persians
:
who
hightned
with
this
success
advanced
within
sight
of
the
Turks
Camp
sending
a
Herauld
to
the
sick
General
to
demand
of
him
Battle
,
of
which
accepting
though
not
able
to
be
there
present
,
when
as
Battle
being
joyned
,
after
a
long
and
doubtful
fight
victory
inclined
to
the
Persians
,
who
in
the
end
slew
20000
of
the
Turks
,
and
amongst
the
rest
the
Bassa's
of
Caramite
and
Trepez●nd
,
and
Sanzack
of
Brusia
,
with
five
other
Sanzacks
,
and
among
the
Prisoners
were
taken
,
Amurath
Bassa
of
Caramania
,
and
divers
other
of
note
.
Upon
news
of
this
bad
success
,
the
Genral
fearing
to
have
his
Army
wasted
to
nothing
by
continual
skirmishes
in
a
strange
Countrey
,
having
Fortified
Tauris
,
and
made
Giaffer
Bassa
of
Tripolis
Governour
,
he
was
about
to
decamp
,
when
on
a
suddain
the
neighing
of
Horses
,
the
noise
of
Drums
and
Trumpets
were
heard
,
which
putting
the
Army
into
a
great
consternation
,
and
soon
caused
them
in
great
confusion
to
run
all
to
that
side
,
where
they
supposed
the
noise
was
,
when
in
the
mean
while
Emir
the
Persian
Prince
on
the
other
side
,
without
any
sound
of
Trumpet
,
or
beat
of
Drum
,
with
28000
Souldiers
entered
their
Camp
,
took
18000
Camels
laden
,
whom
he
sent
away
by
6000
of
his
Souldiers
,
and
then
charging
furiously
upon
such
as
he
found
,
insomuch
that
after
a
hard
Battle
fought
20000
Turks
lay
scattered
on
the
Plain
,
many
of
which
were
slain
by
their
own
Artillery
,
which
by
Osmans
Command
being
furiously
discharged
at
the
Armies
,
the
murthering
shot
made
lanes
before
them
without
discerning
between
Friend
and
Foe
,
but
night
coming
on
,
and
the
Persians
weary
with
slaughter
retired
,
and
were
for
a
while
faintly
pursued
by
the
Turks
.
Osman
lying
all
this
while
sick
in
his
Pavilion
,
sore
afflicted
with
the
Bloody
Flux
,
and
hearing
what
havock
the
Persians
had
made
died
,
the
grief
of
so
great
a
loss
hastening
his
end
.
Yet
was
his
death
for
a
long
space
kept
secret
least
thereby
the
Army
should
be
discouraged
which
now
was
returning
under
the
leading
of
Sinan
(
or
Cicala
as
some
called
him
)
Bassa
,
Osman
in
his
Will
having
delivered
to
him
the
charge
of
the
whole
Army
.
Yet
the
Persian
Prince
with
14000
Horse
and
Foot
followed
them
at
the
heels
,
still
cutting
of
the
straglers
,
and
had
utterly
destroyed
them
had
not
his
design
been
discovered
,
which
obliged
him
to
retreat
with
the
loss
of
3000
of
his
Men
;
so
that
by
long
and
tedious
marches
,
the
Turks
wasted
Army
arriving
,
the
Van
after
the
publication
of
the
Generals
death
were
discharged
,
all
but
a
certain
number
retained
,
who
under
the
leading
of
D●ut
Chan
a
Renegado
Persian
,
were
sent
to
the
relief
of
Teflis
,
which
without
any
loss
they
performed
.
Now
the
Castle
built
in
Tauris
much
grieved
the
Persians
,
to
take
which
they
used
their
utmost
endeavour
,
but
it
being
strong
of
it self
,
and
defended
by
a
strong
Garrison
their
attempts
proved
unsuccessful
.
When
at
the
same
time
great
mischief
arose
in
the
Kingdom
of
Persia
,
for
10000
Turcomans
a
people
bordering
upon
the
Georgians
,
and
resolving
to
revenge
themselves
for
the
death
of
Emir
Chan
offered
their
service
to
the
Persian
Sophy
,
under
the
leading
of
their
two
Captains
,
Mahomet
Chan
and
Calife
Chan
,
to
whom
the
Sophy
as
a
pledge
of
his
love
and
their
safety
delivered
Tamas
his
young
Son
,
whom
they
had
no
sooner
got
into
their
power
but
they
proclaimed
him
King
of
Persia
,
and
in
all
hast
marched
towards
Casbiu
the
Regal
City
in
hopes
to
surprize
it
,
and
seat
young
Tamas
,
on
his
Fathers
Throne
of
which
the
Sophy
and
his
eldest
Son
having
notice
pursued
hard
after
them
when
overtaking
them
at
a
place
called
Calisteza
,
a
dayes
journey
on
this
side
Casbiu
,
the
Prince
gave
them
Battle
,
and
after
a
dangerous
and
doubtful
conflict
put
them
to
flight
.
In
which
they
being
swiftly
pursued
the
two
rebellious
Captains
were
taken
,
and
by
the
Kings
Command
had
their
heads
stricken
off
,
young
Tamas
being
likewise
taken
was
sent
Prisoner
to
the
Castle
of
Cabaca
,
those
that
escaped
the
Battle
fled
to
Solyman
Bassa
of
Babylon
,
which
put
an
end
to
the
Rebellion
.
Giaffer
Bassa
Governour
of
Tauris
after
the
departure
of
the
Turkish
Army
understanding
that
the
Persian
Prince
was
Levying
a
great
Army
to
Besiege
the
City
,
sent
an
Express
to
Sinon
or
Siculi
Bassa
to
send
him
Aid
,
for
the
defence
of
the
City
and
Castle
,
the
which
by
reason
of
the
flight
of
some
and
death
of
othersome
of
his
men
,
must
otherwise
fall
into
the
hands
of
the
Enemy
:
now
notwithstanding
great
preparation
for
that
purpose
were
made
,
they
could
not
be
put
into
the
City
,
by
reason
of
the
near
approach
of
the
Persian
Army
without
manifest
hazard
,
of
exposing
them
to
the
mercy
of
their
Enemies
.
Yet
it
so
fell
out
that
the
Governour
without
any
recruits
maintained
the
City
and
Castle
,
the
Persians
not
being
so
urgent
for
the
recovery
of
the
same
as
was
expected
.
Upon
notice
of
Osmans
death
,
Amurath
chose
Ferat
Bassa
once
more
his
General
,
who
departing
from
Constantinople
in
the
month
of
April
1586
,
and
passed
over
into
Asia
,
where
having
compleated
his
Army
at
Sinas
,
upon
notice
that
Tauris
was
in
danger
,
he
marched
thitherward
,
though
with
great
caution
the
enemy
should
charge
him
at
unawares
,
and
by
reason
of
the
dissensions
arisen
amongst
the
Persian
Captains
sent
to
oppose
him
,
and
the
Treason
of
Aliculican
,
now
alienated
from
his
Prince
,
and
holding
secret
correspondence
with
the
Turkish
General
,
he
without
any
loss
relieved
Tauris
,
and
having
caused
a
strong
Fort
to
be
built
at
Churchine
,
near
unto
the
said
City
,
and
two
others
at
C●y
and
Carn
,
and
left
therein
sufficient
Garrisons
,
and
store
of
provision
,
he
sent
succours
to
Teflis
in
Georgia
,
and
so
with
little
or
no
loss
returned
to
Erzirum
.
By
this
time
the
Persian
Prince
(
who
and
Mahomet
his
father
,
now
grown
old
,
ruled
the
Kingdom
)
had
notice
of
the
Treason
of
Aliculi
Chau
,
and
Emanguli
Chan
,
whom
he
had
drawn
into
his
confederacy
,
he
prepared
his
Forces
to
march
against
them
,
whereupon
the
latter
submitted
,
and
was
received
into
favour
,
but
howsoever
it
happened
,
whether
with
his
knowledge
or
not
,
the
Prince
the
chief
glory
of
Persia
sleeping
in
his
Pavilion
,
was
by
an
Eunuch
run
through
the
body
,
supposed
to
be
done
at
the
instance
of
Abas
Miriza
his
younger
brother
,
to
advance
whom
to
the
Persian
Diadem
,
Aliculi
Chan
,
had
revolted
from
the
obedience
of
the
Sophy
,
and
plotted
with
the
Turkish
General
to
betray
Emir
Hamzes
the
Prince
into
his
hands
,
whose
death
so
unfortunately
happening
,
caused
great
miseries
to
befall
the
Persian
State
.
Christendom
having
thus
long
been
Exempted
from
the
fury
of
the
Turks
,
who
had
their
hands
full
of
the
Persian
war
,
now
as
it
were
,
destiny
so
ordering
,
they
having
time
to
breath
by
reason
of
the
divisions
in
Persia
,
turned
their
restless
Arms
upon
Hungaria
,
which
storm
the
Christians
perceiving
,
to
hang
black
over
their
heads
,
resolved
to
provide
against
it
;
and
therefore
to
show
the
Tyrant
,
that
they
dreaded
not
his
utmost
indignation
,
seized
on
the
Castle
of
Coppan
in
Hungary
,
not
far
from
the
Lake
of
Ballaton
over
which
being
hard
frozen
,
they
passed
undiscovered
;
to
requite
which
,
the
Turks
drawing
five
thousand
horse
out
of
several
Garrisons
,
entered
the
Christian
Territories
,
and
destroying
seventeen
Villages
,
returned
laden
with
great
spoils
,
and
many
miserable
Captives
,
whereof
George
Count
Serine
Son
to
the
renowned
Count
of
that
name
,
slain
at
Ziget
,
having
knowledge
,
raised
such
Forces
as
the
time
would
give
leave
,
which
exceeded
not
two
thousand
,
and
laying
the
wayes
by
which
the
Turks
must
pass
,
encountred
them
ere
they
could
recover
any
strong
hold
,
and
put
most
of
them
to
the
sword
,
recovering
all
the
booty
and
Captives
;
amongst
those
that
were
made
prisoners
the
Sanzack
of
Quinque
Ecclesiae
,
son
to
Haly
Bass
,
slain
in
the
Battle
of
Lepanto
;
the
Bassa
of
Ziget
,
Sanzack
of
Koppan
,
and
divers
others
,
Sinan
Beg
Sanzack
of
Mohaz
,
endeavouring
to
escape
,
and
his
horse
sticking
fast
,
was
shot
through
the
head
;
of
the
Turks
horses
were
taken
,
fifteen
hundred
,
and
of
the
Turks
five
hundred
,
besides
three
thousand
slain
.
This
bad
beginning
so
discouraged
Amurath
,
that
in
a
rage
he
caused
the
Bassa
of
Buda
to
be
strangled
,
for
that
he
had
began
the
hostilities
in
Hungary
,
and
by
that
means
violated
the
League
between
him
and
the
Emperor
;
at
what
time
a
great
fire
happened
at
Constantinople
,
which
consumed
seven
Temples
,
twenty
five
great
Inns
,
and
fifteen
thousand
houses
,
with
their
warehouses
and
shops
,
kindled
as
was
supposed
by
the
Janizaries
a
little
before
,
in
a
tumult
for
want
of
their
pay
,
due
since
their
last
Persian
Expedition
;
which
was
the
rather
believed
,
for
that
it
being
their
duty
to
endeavour
the
extinguishing
any
fire
that
should
happen
in
the
Imperial
City
;
They
not
only
refused
to
put
their
hands
thereto
themselves
but
hindred
such
as
attempted
it
.
These
things
hapning
in
Anno
1587
and
1588
,
the
year
following
to
prevent
tumults
which
are
usual
where
the
souldiers
are
unimployed
in
the
wars
,
the
new
Bassa
of
Buda
,
with
Amuraths
good
liking
,
having
drawn
to
him
a
strong
power
,
invaded
the
upper
Hungary
,
but
being
encountered
by
Claudius
Russel
,
General
of
the
Christians
in
those
parts
,
he
received
a
great
overthrow
,
three
thousand
of
his
Turks
being
slain
and
drowned
in
the
River
Seago
;
upon
which
the
General
pursuing
his
good
fortune
,
broke
into
the
Turks
Territories
,
and
took
from
them
the
Castles
of
Blavestine
,
Gestes
,
and
several
Forts
in
the
upper
Hungary
;
upon
which
Sinan
Bassa
of
Buda
was
called
home
,
and
Ferat
the
late
General
against
the
Persians
appointed
Bassa
in
his
stead
.
Amurath
having
not
a
little
been
terrified
with
the
great
preparations
of
King
Phillip
of
Spain
,
in
1588
,
wherewith
he
invaded
England
,
and
now
understanding
that
he
had
received
a
fearfull
overthrow
,
with
the
loss
of
thirteen
thousand
of
his
Marriners
and
Souldiers
,
and
most
of
his
ships
and
Gallies
;
he
sent
a
Letter
to
Queen
Elizabeth
to
congratulate
her
happy
victory
,
and
to
intreat
her
not
upon
any
terms
to
make
peace
with
the
Spaniard
,
in
which
Letter
he
stiles
her
the
most
honourable
Matron
of
the
Christian
Religion
,
Mirror
of
Chastity
,
adorned
with
the
brightness
of
Soveraingty
,
and
power
amongst
the
most
chief
women
of
the
people
,
which
serve
Jesus
,
Mistris
of
great
Kingdoms
,
reputed
of
Greatest
Majesty
and
Praise
amongst
the
Nazarites
;
Elizabeth
Queen
of
England
.
Anno
1590
the
Tartars
having
broken
into
the
confines
of
Polonia
,
and
taken
a
rich
booty
,
were
driven
out
by
the
Cossacks
,
who
making
of
them
great
slaughter
,
recovered
all
,
which
Amurath
taking
in
evil
part
as
done
to
his
confederates
,
but
indeed
seeking
occasion
to
war
upon
the
Christians
,
that
had
not
the
Queen
of
Englands
mediation
prevented
it
,
he
had
turned
his
Arms
upon
Polonia
;
yet
impatient
of
Peace
he
called
his
Bassas
to
consult
what
war
was
most
expedient
to
be
taken
in
hand
,
amongst
whom
there
were
eight
sundry
opinions
,
whereof
the
first
was
that
the
wars
against
the
Persians
should
be
renewed
,
the
second
for
the
Invasion
of
the
Kingdoms
of
Fess
and
Morocco
,
the
third
was
for
a
war
to
be
taken
in
hand
against
the
King
of
Spain
,
The
fourth
for
the
besieging
of
Malta
,
The
fifth
,
to
war
upon
the
Venetians
,
The
sixth
to
invade
Italy
,
the
seventh
,
to
war
upon
Sigismund
King
of
Poland
,
The
eighth
and
last
to
invade
the
Territories
of
Rodolphus
the
Emperor
;
all
which
being
patiently
heard
by
Amurath
,
with
the
sundry
reasons
of
the
Bassas
:
at
length
,
the
eighth
opinion
was
confirmed
,
and
the
Tyrant
resolved
once
more
to
turn
his
Forces
towards
the
West
.
Whereupon
he
caused
great
preparations
to
be
made
,
resolving
if
possible
to
annex
the
remaining
part
of
Hungary
and
Austria
,
to
his
other
Territories
,
having
by
this
time
and
for
this
purpose
concluded
a
war
with
the
Persian
King
,
wherefore
he
commanded
his
Garrisons
on
the
Frontiers
as
they
saw
occasion
to
molest
the
Christian
Frontiers
,
with
fire
and
sword
,
which
they
letted
not
to
do
,
prone
enough
of
themselves
to
act
any
great
wickedness
,
nor
was
it
long
e'r
they
surprized
Willitz
the
Metropolis
of
Croatia
,
and
committed
therein
many
outrages
,
and
their
Army
still
increasing
,
they
upon
an
unexpected
advantage
inclosed
6000
Foot
,
and
500
Horse
of
the
Christians
(
who
had
taken
the
Mountaines
,
Woods
and
Straight
passages
,
and
so
hardly
beset
them
that
few
of
them
escaped
;
those
that
were
slain
the
Turks
cut
off
their
heads
and
therewith
loaded
six
Waggons
.
Upon
this
Alarum
the
Christians
drew
forth
their
Armies
,
and
to
put
a
stop
to
the
Infidels
,
who
by
reason
of
the
unexpected
breach
of
the
League
had
seized
upon
many
Castles
and
Strong
holds
,
in
that
security
unprovided
of
such
necessaries
as
would
have
rendered
them
impregnable
,
and
least
A●●rath
should
alledge
that
those
Hostilities
were
committed
without
his
knowledge
,
the
Emperour
sent
to
him
by
his
Ambassadors
to
understand
the
reasons
that
induced
him
to
break
the
League
,
but
being
able
to
get
no
satisfactory
answer
,
he
thought
it
high
time
to
stand
upon
his
guard
,
and
caused
all
his
power
joyned
with
Forces
of
the
German
Princes
to
march
directly
into
Hungary
,
under
the
Command
of
Rupertus
Eggenber
his
General
,
who
approaching
the
Enemy
consulted
with
his
chief
Commanders
what
was
best
to
be
done
,
who
were
all
of
opinion
that
to
give
speedy
Battle
was
most
convenient
,
thereby
to
prevent
the
Enemies
for
joyning
the
other
Forces
,
coming
to
their
Aid
,
so
that
upon
a
sign
given
the
whole
Army
(
in
number
40000
)
forthwith
removed
and
with
great
speed
hasted
toward
the
Turks
,
of
which
they
having
notice
by
their
Espials
,
put
themselves
in
Battle
Array
,
and
after
their
vain
glorious
manner
dreamt
of
nothing
but
the
spoil
of
the
Christians
,
whom
they
already
concluded
overthrown
by
reason
of
the
disproportion
of
number
,
they
being
indeed
much
inferiour
in
that
nature
to
the
Infidels
.
Yet
had
the
Emperours
General
so
ordered
his
Battles
,
that
placing
the
Crotians
and
Hussars
in
the
Vauntguard
,
those
of
Carolstat
and
the
Harquibusires
of
Keriva
in
the
Left
wing
.
In
the
Right
the
Borderers
of
Carania
all
Horsemen
in
the
main
Battle
,
the
rest
of
the
Souldiers
with
the
Horsemen
of
Silesia
,
under
the
conduct
of
Sigismund
Paradise
,
the
Rereward
was
incompassed
with
three
Companies
of
the
Emperours
Souldiers
,
nor
were
the
Turk
idle
but
Marshalled
their
Battle
in
the
best
wise
,
when
as
the
Charge
being
sounded
the
Crotians
and
Hussars
in
the
Vaunt-gard
gave
the
first
onset
with
such
fury
,
that
being
seconded
by
the
Lord
Anersburgh
,
they
after
a
cruel
Fight
obliged
the
Turks
to
give
ground
,
and
with
Hassan
Bassa
their
General
retire
towards
the
River
Odder
,
after
whom
the
Christians
following
furiously
many
endeavouring
to
save
themselves
by
passing
over
were
drowned
,
and
those
that
stayed
in
a
fearful
manner
on
the
Banks
overwhelmed
by
the
continual
Tempest
of
shot
,
from
the
Flankers
,
so
that
within
three
hours
space
all
the
Army
was
in
a
confusion
,
every
man
seeking
for
his
own
safety
,
insomuch
that
18000
Turks
perished
,
either
by
the
Sword
,
or
in
the
Rivers
Odder
and
Kulp
,
and
amongst
the
rest
Hassan
Bassa
,
Mahomet
Beg
,
Achmet
Beg
,
Saffer
Beg
,
Meni
Beg
,
Framatan
Beg
,
Curti
Beg
,
Operd
Beg
and
Goschus
the
Bassa's
chief
Counselor
,
together
with
Sinan
Beg
,
Amuraths
Nephew
,
the
onely
Son
of
his
Sister
,
after
which
signal
victory
obtained
,
the
Christian
Army
falling
on
their
knees
gave
Thanks
to
God
,
to
whom
alone
they
ascribed
their
miraculous
preservation
.
The
news
of
which
overthrow
coming
to
the
knowledge
of
Amurath
he
like
a
frantick
man
blasphemed
the
God
of
Heaven
,
and
perswaded
thereto
by
the
tears
and
intreaties
of
his
Sister
,
to
revenge
the
death
of
her
Son
,
sent
a
proud
and
blasphemous
denunciation
of
War
to
the
Emperour
Rodolphus
,
wherein
he
stiled
himself
,
The
onely
Monarch
of
the
World
,
a
great
and
mighty
God
on
Earth
,
an
invincible
Caesar
,
King
of
all
Kings
from
the
East
unto
the
West
,
&c.
and
proceeded
to
threaten
the
said
Emperour
and
his
People
,
with
all
the
miseries
that
attend
on
War
,
impiously
declaring
that
the
Crucified
God
of
the
Christians
long
since
dead
and
buried
,
had
not
been
able
to
deliver
his
own
Countrey
out
of
his
hands
,
much
less
the
German
Empire
,
which
in
despite
of
him
he
was
resolved
to
take
,
knowing
himself
a
subverter
and
sworn
Enemy
of
the
Christians
,
and
of
all
that
called
upon
the
name
of
Christ
.
And
thereupon
the
more
to
terrifie
the
Christians
,
he
sent
a
great
Army
under
the
Command
of
Sinan
Bassa
their
implacable
Enemy
,
who
upon
his
Arrival
layed
siege
to
Ciseg
,
which
he
took
putting
all
he
found
therein
to
the
Sword
,
and
after
that
took
several
other
places
of
lesser
note
;
yet
not
without
considerable
loss
,
and
breach
of
Faith
to
the
besieged
,
who
finding
themselves
oft
too
weak
to
defend
places
of
little
strength
against
so
powerful
an
Enemy
,
would
surrender
them
upon
promise
of
Life
and
Liberty
,
but
falling
into
the
hands
of
the
barbarous
Infidels
seldom
obtained
either
.
These
proceedings
of
the
Turks
did
not
a
little
alarum
the
Christian
Princes
,
who
having
mustered
18000
Men
under
the
Command
of
Count
Hardeck
Governour
of
Rab
,
he
with
marching
from
Comara
came
before
Alba-Regalis
,
which
by
force
of
his
Artillery
he
in
a
short
time
made
saultable
,
to
the
relief
of
which
the
Bassa
of
Buda
sent
Sinan
Bassa
,
with
20000
Horse
and
Foot
,
but
he
being
encountered
by
the
Christians
was
put
to
flight
with
the
loss
of
most
of
his
men
,
whereupon
as
victors
the
Christians
returned
to
the
siege
,
but
finding
the
season
far
advanced
,
and
a
great
number
of
Turks
that
escaped
in
the
overthrow
to
be
got
into
the
City
,
the
Count
raised
his
Camp
and
returned
again
to
Rab
,
but
early
in
the
Spring
assisted
by
fresh
supplies
the
Emperours
Captains
dividing
the
Army
,
took
the
strong
Castle
of
Sabatzka
,
the
City
of
Fileck
,
the
Towns
of
Seeteschiu
,
Blanestine
,
and
Salleck
,
the
three
latter
being
through
fear
abandoned
by
the
Turks
,
having
first
set
them
for
the
most
part
on
Fire
.
At
the
same
time
the
Lord
Palfie
with
a
strong
party
marching
to
Dregel
,
and
Palanka
found
them
like●ise
abandoned
by
the
Turks
,
the
which
having
furnished
with
strong
Garrisons
of
his
own
he
took
by
force
Ainacke
,
Sellecke
,
Westkee
,
and
divers
other
places
,
so
that
the
Turks
were
in
a
manner
driven
out
of
the
Lower
Hungary
,
and
new
Buda
,
and
Alba-Regalis
the
onely
Strong
holds
,
possessed
by
the
Turks
in
those
parts
began
to
doubt
their
security
,
for
whilst
a
party
out
of
the
latter
coming
forth
to
bury
the
dead
,
that
lay
scattered
round
the
Walls
,
and
by
their
contagion
infected
the
City
,
they
were
so
suddainly
incountered
by
a
Captain
of
the
Hussars
,
Commanding
a
Troop
of
Light
Horsemen
,
that
near
200
of
them
were
slain
,
and
50
taken
Prisoners
.
These
proceedings
coming
to
the
Ears
of
Amurath
,
and
he
from
all
hands
certified
that
the
strength
of
the
Christians
daily
increased
,
he
began
to
doubt
his
Empire
in
Europe
,
and
therefore
to
defend
the
same
raised
a
puissant
Army
anno
1594.
at
the
head
of
which
he
resolved
to
march
in
person
,
a
thing
he
had
not
done
since
his
taking
upon
him
the
Government
,
but
on
the
11th
.
of
January
,
as
the
Army
was
upon
its
march
,
not
far
from
Constantinople
such
a
terrible
Tempest
of
Hail
,
Rain
,
Snow
,
Wind
,
Thunder
and
Lightning
arose
,
that
by
its
impetuosity
it
overturned
the
Tents
,
Chariots
,
Waggons
,
Horse
and
Men
,
few
being
able
to
stand
upright
before
it
.
The
which
the
Tyrant
taking
as
ominous
to
his
proceedings
,
in
great
perplexity
returned
with
his
formidable
Army
to
Constantinople
,
where
casting
himself
upon
his
bed
,
after
much
tumbling
and
tossing
,
falling
asleep
he
dreamed
that
he
beheld
a
man
of
exceeding
Stature
,
standing
with
one
his
feet
upon
the
Tower
of
Constantinople
,
and
the
other
over
the
straight
fixed
on
the
Asian
shoar
,
who
stretching
out
his
Arms
held
the
Sun
in
one
hand
and
the
Moon
in
the
other
,
at
whom
whilst
he
was
wondering
the
Monster
with
his
foot
struck
the
Tower
,
which
forthwith
fell
down
,
and
in
its
fall
overthrew
the
great
Temple
with
the
Imperial
Palace
,
whose
Thundering
awaking
the
Turk
he
much
troubled
with
the
strangeness
of
the
dream
imediatly
sent
for
his
Necromancers
and
Wizards
to
Interpret
it
,
who
to
curry
favour
with
their
Prince
hypocritically
answered
,
That
for
as
much
as
he
had
not
with
all
his
Forces
,
as
with
a
Tempest
impugned
the
Christians
,
their
great
Prophet
Mahomet
threatned
by
that
dream
to
overturn
the
Tower
,
Temple
,
and
Imperial
Palace
,
which
by
a
symbolical
meaning
denoted
the
Turkish
Religion
and
Empire
:
which
vain
and
fictitious
Interpretation
so
moved
the
superstitious
Tyrant
,
that
having
first
asked
pardon
of
his
Impostor
Prophet
,
he
swore
from
henceforth
to
turn
all
his
Forces
upon
the
Christians
,
and
not
to
give
over
War
till
he
had
done
his
utmost
to
subdue
them
.
These
vain
threats
did
not
in
the
least
dismay
the
Christian
Princes
,
yet
to
ingage
a
sure
Friend
on
their
side
,
they
caused
publique
prayers
to
be
put
up
in
all
Churches
,
and
that
people
might
perceive
on
what
slender
and
impious
grounds
the
Tyrant
,
had
resolved
the
prosecution
of
the
War
,
had
the
vain
Dream
and
the
vainer
Interpretation
,
read
in
the
Churches
of
Transylvania
and
most
of
the
Churches
of
Hungary
.
The
Christian
Army
having
taken
the
Field
,
and
a
Present
of
the
Turks
spoiles
,
taken
some
time
before
sent
to
Rodolphus
the
Emperour
,
the
Arch-Duke
of
Austria
besieged
Novograde
,
which
after
several
assaults
was
delivered
by
capitulation
,
in
consideration
of
Life
and
Liberty
,
which
strong
Town
after
it
had
been
Turkish
for
the
space
of
60
years
,
was
by
the
Arch-Duke
committed
to
the
care
of
Lord
Rebei
a
Noble
Hungarian
,
and
the
Turkish
Governour
upon
his
arrival
at
Buda
was
by
the
Bassa's
Command
imprisoned
.
Whilst
these
things
were
in
doing
the
Emperour
sent
his
Embassadors
to
the
great
Duke
of
Muscovy
,
the
King
of
Poland
,
and
Prince
of
Transilvania
,
in
all
whose
Courts
their
Negotiation
proved
successful
,
nor
in
the
mean
time
was
the
young
Count
Serinus
idle
,
for
that
he
with
300
Harquibusires
,
and
certain
Troops
of
Horse
,
and
Companies
to
the
number
of
10000
took
the
Castles
of
Bresenza
,
Sigesta
and
Babostcha
,
by
the
recovery
of
which
strong
holds
he
opened
a
safe
passage
even
to
Ziget
,
the
Bassa
of
which
standing
at
that
time
in
no
small
doubt
to
be
besieged
.
These
things
perplexing
the
Turkish
Tyrant
,
who
was
preparing
great
Forces
for
the
securing
his
Province
on
this
side
the
Danubius
,
he
in
the
mean
while
sent
a
Fleet
into
the
Adriatick
to
besiege
Zegna
,
an
Imperial
City
,
scituate
upon
the
Sea
Coast
in
the
Bay
of
Quernero
,
called
in
antient
time
Flanaticus
Sinus
,
in
order
to
the
prosecution
of
which
he
sent
his
Ambassador
to
the
Venetians
to
require
the
use
of
their
Ports
in
those
Seas
,
and
that
his
Gallies
might
pass
and
repass
without
any
molestation
from
the
Gallies
of
that
State
,
but
the
Senate
doubting
the
fidelity
of
the
Turk
,
and
loath
thereby
to
disoblige
the
Christian
Emperour
would
by
no
means
consent
,
yet
used
the
Ambassador
honourably
,
and
sent
him
away
without
obtaining
his
purpose
.
In
the
Upper
part
of
Hungaria
the
Lord
Tenffenbeck
,
Commanding
as
the
Arch-Dukes
Lieutenant
,
with
an
Army
of
2000
Horse
and
Foot
besieged
Hatvan
,
a
strong
Town
of
the
Turks
,
lying
about
six
miles
from
Buda
,
Fortified
with
a
Triple
Ditch
and
Bullwarks
of
exceeding
strength
,
to
the
relief
of
which
the
Bassa
of
Buda
came
with
fifteen
thousand
Souldiers
,
thinking
at
unawares
to
surprize
the
Christian
Camp
but
was
frustrated
in
his
project
,
for
the
Lord
Tenffenbeck
drawing
off
from
before
the
City
,
passed
through
with
much
difficulty
the
River
Sagijvay
,
when
setting
upon
the
Bassa's
Army
after
a
hard
fight
he
put
it
to
the
Rout
,
having
the
execution
of
the
Turks
for
many
miles
,
so
that
about
Ten
Thousand
of
them
were
slain
and
taken
Prisoners
,
with
a
great
Booty
of
Provision
and
Ammunition
,
after
which
the
Christians
returned
to
the
siege
,
yet
finding
the
hazards
and
difficulty
that
they
should
meet
with
in
winning
it
,
by
the
directions
of
the
Arch-Duke
who
with
Forty
Thousand
Men
at
the
same
time
besieged
Strigonium
,
the
Siege
of
Hatvan
was
given
over
,
yet
upon
the
raising
thereof
the
Lord
Tenffenbeck
discomfited
the
Bassa
of
Buda
a
second
time
,
as
he
was
again
coming
to
the
relief
thereof
,
in
which
conflict
Five
Thousand
Turks
were
slain
.
Strigonium
after
a
long
siege
,
and
the
burning
of
the
old
Town
,
being
relieved
by
the
coming
of
Sinan
Bassa
with
a
great
Army
,
the
Arch-Duke
thought
it
not
yet
convenient
to
let
him
take
breath
,
but
on
the
28th
.
of
June
passed
Danubius
to
expect
the
motion
of
Sinan
Bassa
with
his
huge
Army
,
composed
of
Turks
and
Tartars
,
and
by
frequent
onsets
daily
weakned
his
Camp
,
nor
were
the
Rascians
slow
to
revolt
from
the
Turkish
obedience
.
So
that
having
raised
a
confused
power
,
to
the
number
of
Fifteen
Thousand
they
took
many
strong
Places
,
and
obtained
two
notable
Victories
,
one
over
the
Bassa
of
Temeswar
,
in
which
himself
and
three
of
his
Sanzacks
,
and
about
Nine
Thousand
Five
Hundred
of
his
Turks
were
slain
.
And
the
other
over
another
Bassa
that
succeeded
him
,
upon
which
they
sent
to
the
Arch-Duke
to
receive
them
and
their
Countrey
into
the
Emperours
protection
,
and
that
in
consideration
thereof
they
would
maintain
Ten
Thousand
Men
in
the
Field
,
whose
Proposals
were
by
the
Imperial
General
accepted
.
About
this
time
the
Emperour
the
better
to
consult
the
defence
of
his
Provinces
,
called
a
Diet
at
Ratisbone
,
where
in
the
assembly
of
the
German
Princes
,
he
declared
how
matters
stood
,
and
repeated
the
manifold
injuries
he
had
sustained
by
the
Turks
,
contrary
to
the
League
made
with
Amurath
,
and
that
amongst
the
rest
he
contrary
to
the
Law
of
Nations
had
imprisoned
Frederick
Creckovitz
his
Ambassador
first
at
Constantinople
,
and
caused
the
greatest
part
of
his
followers
to
be
thrust
into
the
Gallies
,
and
afterwards
to
have
sent
him
with
a
few
of
his
attendants
to
Belgrade
,
and
thereto
have
kept
him
in
prison
till
he
ended
his
dayes
.
To
revenge
which
indignities
those
daily
offered
,
and
such
as
were
like
to
ensue
from
the
great
Army
at
hand
,
he
desired
the
Princes
to
consider
a
most
speedy
way
,
and
not
by
delay
to
indanger
the
greatest
part
of
Christendoms
falling
into
the
hands
of
the
mercyless
Enemy
.
To
which
the
Electoral
Princes
after
a
due
consideration
,
replyed
,
That
they
had
a
regard
to
his
Imperial
Majesty
,
and
for
the
preservation
of
Hungary
,
and
others
his
Hereditary
Countries
,
as
also
for
repressing
the
fury
of
the
Turks
,
yet
by
reason
of
the
late
dearth
,
they
were
not
capable
of
maintaining
such
Forces
as
might
be
expected
,
yet
besides
their
Annual
Contributions
they
would
for
the
space
of
six
years
,
grant
such
further
relief
as
they
well
hoped
would
prove
sufficient
for
the
maintenance
of
a
defensive
War
,
both
for
the
present
and
for
the
time
to
come
,
after
which
resolves
of
the
Princes
the
Diet
broke
up
,
and
all
diligence
was
used
for
increasing
the
Army
,
and
Fortifying
the
strong
Holds
in
Hungaria
,
Austria
,
Styra
,
and
Carinthia
,
Countries
most
obnoxious
to
the
Incursions
of
the
Turks
.
Sinan
Bassa
all
this
while
not
ignorant
of
the
Emperors
proceedings
,
lay
with
an
Army
of
One
Hundred
and
Fifty
Thousand
Fighting
men
,
between
Buda
and
Alba
Regalis
,
frequently
sending
out
Parties
to
wast
the
Countries
in
possession
of
the
Emperour
,
yet
with
such
indifferent
success
that
he
had
no
cause
to
boast
,
which
made
the
Bassa
to
raise
his
Camp
,
and
in
sight
of
the
Christian
Army
which
still
attended
his
motions
,
battered
Dolis
and
St.
Martins
with
such
fury
that
within
a
short
time
they
fell
into
his
hands
,
the
Imperialists
at
so
great
an
odds
not
thinking
it
convenient
to
hazard
a
Battle
to
relief
their
besieged
Friends
,
and
after
doing
other
mischief
in
their
Territories
layed
siege
to
the
City
of
Rab
scituate
on
the
Southside
of
Danubius
,
where
the
River
dividing
it self
makes
a
most
fertile
Island
called
Schut
,
about
twelve
German
miles
from
Vienna
,
in
which
Island
lay
the
Christian
Camp
.
This
City
was
defended
by
a
Garrison
of
Five
Thousand
Men
,
under
the
Command
of
Count
Hardeck
a
more
valiant
then
at
this
time
faithful
Friend
,
for
when
every
one
supposed
the
City
impregnable
,
and
that
the
Turks
for
many
dayes
had
without
intermission
battered
it
with
Sixty
pieces
of
Cannon
,
and
made
several
unsuccessful
assaults
with
the
loss
of
Fourteen
Thousand
of
their
men
the
said
Count
contrary
to
the
minds
of
his
Commanders
and
Souldiers
capitulated
with
the
Bassa
,
and
in
consideration
of
his
departing
with
all
his
Treasure
,
delivered
that
strong
piece
in
his
hands
.
For
which
upon
his
arrival
at
Vienna
,
he
by
the
judgement
of
Sixty
of
his
Peers
,
had
his
Head
and
his
right
Hand
stricken
off
,
it
being
proved
against
him
that
he
in
leiw
of
the
surrender
had
of
the
Bassa
received
two
bags
of
Ducats
.
During
the
siege
of
Rab
the
Christians
in
the
Island
of
Schut
received
a
great
loss
,
for
Ten
Thousand
Turks
and
Tartars
getting
over
in
Boats
or
swimming
upon
their
Horses
,
came
so
suddainly
upon
their
Camp
,
that
having
slain
Two
Thousand
of
them
and
put
the
rest
into
a
great
consternation
,
they
entered
their
Trenches
and
carryed
thence
a
booty
valued
at
Five
Hundred
Thousand
Ducats
,
which
loss
for
a
while
after
sore
weakned
the
Christians
.
Nor
were
the
Turks
onely
busie
in
spoiling
Hungary
,
but
Italy
also
,
for
with
a
great
Fleet
under
the
leading
of
Ciala
Bassa
Amuraths
Admiral
,
they
surprized
Rhegium
in
Calabria
,
and
utterly
razed
it
,
after
which
they
spoiled
all
the
Countrey
about
it
,
as
likewise
the
Sea
Coasts
of
Italy
in
many
other
places
,
taking
several
Ships
richly
laden
in
the
sight
of
the
Garrison
of
Messina
,
and
carrying
away
a
great
number
of
poor
people
into
miserable
Captivity
.
Sinan
Bassa
having
by
this
time
received
new
supplies
and
repaired
Rab
,
putting
therein
a
strong
Garrison
marched
to
Comara
,
before
which
he
incamped
,
but
upon
the
approach
of
Matthias
the
Arch-Duke
with
a
puissant
Army
of
Germans
,
Bohemians
,
and
Hungarians
to
relieve
it
,
he
raised
his
siege
not
thinking
it
safe
at
that
time
to
hazard
a
Battle
,
and
by
a
Bridge
of
Boats
Transported
his
Army
over
Danubius
to
Dolis
,
where
he
the
following
day
dismissed
them
,
upon
which
the
Arch-Duke
without
any
hinderance
coming
to
Comara
,
caused
the
breaches
to
be
Repaired
,
and
then
leaving
it
to
the
protection
of
the
Governour
,
viz.
The
Lord
Bruun
,
who
had
faithfully
defended
it
,
he
departed
to
take
a
view
of
the
other
Cities
.
About
this
time
Sigismund
Prince
of
Transilvania
,
weary
of
the
grievous
exaction
and
injuries
they
sustained
at
the
hands
of
the
Turks
,
resolved
to
cast
off
their
servile
yoak
which
being
known
to
certain
of
the
Nobility
pensioners
to
Amurath
,
they
secretly
advertized
him
of
the
Princes
purpose
,
promising
to
send
him
in
Chains
to
Constantinople
,
and
with
the
Turks
good
liking
to
set
up
one
Balthazor
Bator
the
Princes
nigh
Kinsman
in
his
stend
,
but
the
Treason
being
discovered
most
of
the
Traitors
were
taken
and
executed
,
upon
which
the
Tar●ars
to
the
number
of
Forty
Thousand
brake
into
Transilvania
burning
and
destroying
all
before
them
in
a
fearful
manner
,
which
obliged
the
Prince
to
raise
the
whole
power
of
his
Countrey
,
and
to
crave
aid
of
the
Rascians
and
other
his
Neighbours
giving
freely
to
his
Subjects
and
Confederates
what
ever
they
could
take
from
the
Turks
,
who
in
their
first
interprize
were
so
successful
,
that
they
surprized
seven
of
the
Turks
Gallies
laden
with
Provision
,
Rich
Merchandize
,
and
store
of
Treasure
,
and
missed
but
narrowly
of
the
eighth
,
which
was
the
Admiral
which
loss
was
so
great
to
the
Turks
,
Sinan
Bassa
upon
notice
of
what
had
happened
is
reported
to
have
said
that
if
those
Gallies
had
come
to
him
in
safety
he
could
with
the
Treasure
have
bought
Vienna
,
as
he
had
done
Ra●b
,
after
which
the
Transilvanians
hightened
with
this
success
marched
towards
Temeswar
,
but
hearing
that
the
Tartars
were
about
to
return
,
they
retired
for
the
defence
of
their
own
Countrey
;
yet
by
this
time
headed
by
their
Prince
they
took
many
strong
Holds
from
the
Turks
,
and
still
following
their
returning
Army
in
the
rear
cut
many
Thousands
of
them
short
,
and
by
his
example
soon
after
the
Valachians
and
Moldavians
rose
up
in
Armes
against
Amurath
and
Confederated
themselves
with
the
Transilvanian
Prince
who
with
one
consent
sent
to
Rodolphus
the
Emperour
to
make
a
League
with
him
against
the
common
Enemy
which
was
accordingly
concluded
very
Honourable
to
the
Confederates
which
made
Amurath
begin
to
doubt
his
safety
even
in
Constantinople
,
and
much
more
when
they
with
their
victorious
Armies
overrun
his
Countries
on
every
side
,
for
grief
of
which
,
and
the
disorderly
tumults
he
found
amongst
his
Janizaries
and
his
other
Souldiers
of
the
Court
,
he
fell
Sick
,
when
greatly
afflicted
with
the
Stone
and
Falling
Sickness
,
his
wonted
Disease
,
as
a
man
both
in
Soul
and
Body
tormented
,
he
with
great
Impatiency
and
Agony
of
mind
gave
up
the
Ghost
,
departing
this
Life
on
the
Eighteenth
of
January
,
Anno
Domini
1595.
When
he
had
lived
One
and
Fifty
years
,
or
as
some
say
Two
and
Fifty
years
,
and
thereof
Reigned
Nineteen
years
.
At
the
time
of
whose
Death
arose
so
Terrible
a
Tempest
at
Constantinople
that
many
thought
the
world
should
have
presently
been
dissolved
,
his
dead
Body
within
a
while
after
was
with
all
Funeral
Solemnities
used
amongst
the
Turks
,
buryed
by
the
Body
of
Mahomet
his
Eldest
Son
,
in
the
Moschie
which
himself
had
builded
near
unto
his
Palace
.
CHAP.
XVII
.
The
Life
of
Mahomet
Third
of
that
Name
,
seventh
Emperor
of
the
Turks
.
A
Murath
being
dead
,
his
death
to
prevent
tumults
was
kept
secret
till
such
time
that
Mahomet
his
Eldest
Son
then
living
,
came
from
Amasia
to
Constantinople
,
where
contrary
to
the
mind
of
the
Janizaries
,
who
generally
affected
Amurath
his
younger
brother
,
he
was
saluted
Exmperour
;
when
by
a
wile
getting
his
Ten
Brethren
into
his
power
,
he
caused
them
to
be
strangled
,
nay
so
far
extended
his
barbarity
that
at
his
Commandement
ten
of
his
Fathers
Wives
and
Concubines
,
whom
he
suspected
to
be
with
Child
were
drowned
in
the
Sea
,
one
of
which
number
as
some
affirm
was
his
own
Mother
.
These
violent
proceedings
made
the
great
Commanders
envy
him
,
and
the
better
to
wreck
their
spleen
secretly
to
stir
up
the
Janizaries
,
who
committed
for
the
space
of
several
days
such
disorders
that
the
like
in
no
Interregnum
had
happened
,
and
great
had
the
disorder
been
even
to
outraging
the
Emperour
himself
,
had
not
the
Bassa
Governour
of
the
City
causedall
the
great
Ordinance
to
be
bent
against
them
,
and
swore
by
the
head
of
Ali
to
discharge
them
amongst
u'm
.
Whilst
these
troubles
happened
at
Constantinople
,
the
Christian
Princes
were
not
wanting
to
revenge
the
injuries
they
had
sustained
by
the
Turks
,
especially
the
Princes
or
as
the
Turks
call
them
Vayvod
of
Transilvania
,
Valachia
,
and
Moldavia
,
who
with
many
fortunate
inroads
into
the
Othoman
Dominions
greatly
inriched
themselves
and
Souldiers
,
taking
and
Fortifying
many
strong
Castles
,
and
destroying
an
Army
of
Four
Hundred
Thousand
Tartars
,
with
which
they
had
often
conflicts
.
Nor
was
Rodolphus
the
Emperour
behind
with
the
forwardest
,
as
well
knowing
that
he
had
to
deal
with
an
implacable
Enemy
,
who
would
have
no
peace
any
longer
then
it
served
his
own
purpose
,
wherefore
the
said
Emperour
,
and
th
States
of
Hungary
sent
their
Ambassadors
to
the
King
of
Poland
,
who
then
had
assembled
a
Parliament
at
Cracovia
,
to
solicite
his
Aid
against
the
common
Enemy
;
of
which
Mahomet
having
notice
,
sent
likewise
two
Chiaus
in
nature
of
his
Ambassadors
to
frustrate
the
negotiation
of
the
Christian
Ambassadors
in
the
Polish
Court
,
and
to
engage
that
King
to
take
up
Arms
on
his
behalf
,
but
passing
through
Valachia
,
they
were
contrary
to
the
mind
of
the
Vayvod
slain
by
some
of
his
followers
;
yet
the
Turk
sent
two
others
who
fetching
a
greater
compass
through
the
Tartarian
Dominions
arrived
safe
in
Polonia
.
These
proceedings
of
the
Christians
roused
Mahomet
,
and
inspired
him
who
was
of
a
feirce
and
froward
nature
,
to
take
revenge
,
in
order
to
which
he
sent
for
Sinan
Bassa
out
of
Hungary
,
to
confer
with
him
about
the
management
of
the
war
,
which
once
stated
,
he
returned
again
to
Belgrade
,
where
upon
his
first
Arrival
,
by
what
mischance
,
yet
supposed
to
be
by
the
contrivance
of
the
Janizaries
,
the
cords
of
his
Tent
were
cut
,
and
it
was
let
fall
about
his
ears
;
now
at
his
coming
,
so
great
was
the
dearth
in
all
the
parts
of
Hungary
,
where
the
Turks
had
their
possessions
,
that
several
Tartarian
women
following
the
Camp
,
killed
their
own
children
,
and
ate
them
,
which
samine
ingendered
such
a
Pestilence
,
that
the
Turks
and
Tartars
dyed
in
abundance
,
insomuch
that
of
eighty
thousand
of
the
latter
,
which
the
year
before
came
at
divers
times
to
the
assistance
of
the
Turks
,
not
above
eight
thousand
remained
alive
.
And
now
the
Christian
Army
hastened
from
all
parts
to
the
Imperial
standard
;
so
that
of
Germans
,
Saxons
,
Bohemians
,
Hungarians
,
Spaniards
,
Italians
,
Romans
,
Flemings
,
Franks
and
Sweeds
,
in
a
short
time
there
were
found
fifteen
thousand
nine
hundred
horse
,
and
fifty
thousand
foot
,
under
the
conduct
of
most
resolute
Commanders
,
of
which
Matthias
the
Arch
Duke
was
General
,
and
Count
Mansfelt
sent
by
the
King
of
Spain
with
2000
horse
,
and
6000
foot
,
was
appointed
by
the
Emperor
his
Lieutenant
.
Thus
all
things
being
in
a
readiness
,
nothing
wanting
but
an
enemy
,
on
whom
to
exercise
those
Arms
,
which
long
was
not
wanting
,
for
Mahomet
by
this
time
had
raised
a
great
power
,
yet
had
but
a
bad
welcome
,
for
at
first
the
Bassa
of
Buda
,
with
a
great
number
of
Turks
,
attempting
to
doe
some
memorable
exploit
in
Transilvania
,
was
overthrown
by
Gestius
Ferents
,
a
valiant
Captain
,
with
the
loss
of
most
of
his
men
;
when
almost
at
the
same
time
a
great
power
of
the
Turks
under
the
leading
of
their
General
,
entering
Valachia
,
were
incountred
by
the
Lord
Nadasti
,
commanding
there
for
the
Emperor
,
who
assisted
by
the
Valachians
and
Transylvanians
,
and
in
a
great
battle
discomfited
,
with
the
loss
of
ten
thousand
men
,
and
their
sttandard
imbroidered
with
Pearls
and
Precious
Stones
,
valued
at
30000
Dollars
,
which
the
said
Lord
sent
to
the
Transylvanian
Prince
,
then
at
Alba
Julia
,
and
had
it
returned
him
again
as
a
reward
of
his
good
service
,
which
evil
success
being
perceived
by
the
crafty
Tyrant
Mahomet
,
he
dealt
under
hand
by
great
promises
with
Aaron
Vayvod
of
Moldavia
,
to
revolt
from
the
Transylvanian
and
by
any
means
if
possible
to
depose
him
,
which
thing
coming
to
light
,
and
made
manifest
by
severall
intercepted
Letters
,
the
said
Vayvod
with
his
wife
and
children
being
then
retired
into
Transylvania
,
were
secured
,
and
a
while
after
by
the
consent
of
the
Moldavian
Nobility
,
one
Stephen
Rozwan
,
placed
in
his
stead
,
which
Mahomet
perceiving
,
and
that
his
practise
was
brought
to
nought
,
sent
an
Ambassador
to
Sigismund
Prince
of
Transylvania
,
to
be
at
peace
with
him
,
and
suffer
,
as
formerly
,
his
Armies
to
pass
through
his
Countrey
into
Hungaria
,
and
that
in
lieu
thereof
,
he
should
have
peaceable
possession
of
Transylvania
,
Moldavia
,
and
Valachia
,
paying
no
more
then
a
small
acknowledgment
which
should
not
be
exacted
by
the
way
of
Tribute
,
but
the
Prince
having
too
often
experienced
the
perfidious
dealings
of
the
Turks
,
would
in
no
wise
accord
to
what
was
demanded
,
but
resolved
upon
prosecuting
the
war
to
the
utmost
,
the
which
his
resolution
once
made
known
to
the
Bulgarians
,
they
sent
messengers
in
secret
to
assure
him
that
if
he
proceeded
with
any
good
success
,
they
would
be
ready
to
follow
his
fortune
,
and
by
joyning
hands
with
him
,
against
the
cruel
Tyrant
,
shut
up
all
the
passages
that
way
into
Valachia
,
Moldavia
,
and
Hungaria
.
The
greatest
part
of
the
aid
,
promised
by
the
Christian
Princes
,
for
the
maintenance
of
the
war
,
being
come
to
Vienna
,
Count
Mansfelt
called
a
council
of
the
chief
Commanders
,
to
consult
whether
they
should
lay
siege
to
some
place
of
Importance
,
or
march
to
give
the
enemy
battle
,
whom
he
said
he
had
Intelligence
was
on
his
way
;
in
which
Council
the
former
proposal
being
resolved
on
,
the
whole
Army
in
number
aforesaid
,
was
mustered
at
Altenberg
,
after
which
he
besieged
Dolis
,
but
at
the
same
time
had
his
eye
upon
Strigonium
,
the
other
being
undertaken
only
to
amuse
the
Turks
,
and
exhaust
the
Garrison
of
Strigonum
,
both
of
men
and
warlike
provision
,
to
relieve
their
brethren
in
Dolis
,
which
supply
the
Count
permitted
to
enter
the
Town
,
and
then
when
he
was
least
suspected
,
suddenly
raiseing
his
siege
set
down
before
Strigonum
,
to
the
great
amazement
of
the
Turk
,
who
not
in
the
least
dreamed
of
any
such
matter
,
yet
was
it
not
carryed
so
privately
but
e'r
he
could
intrench
himself
,
several
Walloons
Heidons
,
straggling
from
the
main
battle
,
were
set
upon
by
the
Turks
,
and
put
to
the
rout
,
but
the
Pioniers
having
run
the
Trenches
within
half
Musket
shot
of
the
wall
,
fired
so
smartly
upon
the
defendants
,
many
of
them
were
slain
,
none
being
able
to
appear
upon
the
wall
,
yet
the
Christians
at
at
the
beginning
of
the
Siege
,
having
taken
a
little
Island
in
the
Danubius
,
and
put
on
shoar
several
Hungarian
Companies
,
of
which
the
Turks
of
Buda
having
notice
,
they
in
several
Boats
and
Gallies
,
coming
down
the
River
by
night
,
landed
three
thousand
men
,
who
unawares
setting
upon
the
Christians
,
put
most
of
them
to
the
sword
,
and
recovered
the
said
Island
,
but
that
loss
was
soon
repaired
;
for
after
many
furious
assaults
(
notwithstanding
the
threats
of
the
Bassa
of
Buda
to
Impail
the
Strigonians
if
they
sought
it
not
out
to
the
last
man
)
the
higher
City
was
laid
open
to
the
Christians
,
who
just
as
they
were
about
to
enter
,
had
notice
that
the
Bassa
of
Buda
(
whom
Mahomet
had
threatned
with
the
loss
of
his
head
,
if
he
suffered
that
City
which
he
esteemed
worth
a
whole
Kingdom
,
to
be
lost
)
was
coming
to
relieve
it
with
twenty
thousand
Turks
,
resolving
to
fight
his
way
into
it
;
whereupon
divers
parties
were
sent
out
to
skirmish
,
and
by
retiring
to
draw
the
enemy
into
the
danger
of
the
Christian
Army
,
which
project
was
not
unsuccesseful
,
for
the
resolute
Bassa
coming
on
between
the
hills
of
St.
George
and
St.
Thomas
near
to
the
Suburbs
called
the
Ruscian
City
,
put
his
Army
in
order
of
Battle
,
as
did
the
Christians
,
when
in
the
mean
while
the
Lord
Paifi
with
his
Hungarian
horsemen
fetching
a
compass
about
the
hill
,
on
the
one
side
and
the
Lord
Swartzenburg
with
such
horse
as
he
had
under
his
command
,
on
the
other
side
,
so
inclosed
the
Turks
rear
,
that
they
could
not
without
great
danger
retire
,
when
as
both
Armies
were
orderly
ranged
,
the
signal
of
battle
was
given
,
the
Turks
without
any
great
harm
to
the
Christians
discharged
seventeen
Pieces
of
Artillery
,
after
which
,
with
showers
of
Arrows
and
the
smoak
of
the
Harquibuses
the
Sky
was
darkned
,
and
in
a
trice
,
not
without
great
slaughter
,
the
battle
was
brought
to
the
sword
,
at
what
time
Victory
declared
for
the
Christians
,
the
Turks
being
every
where
most
miserably
beaten
down
,
crying
out
for
mercy
,
and
flying
as
they
found
opportunity
,
and
in
the
end
the
Bassa
himself
from
his
stand
,
perceiving
his
Army
in
the
rout
,
and
that
the
day
was
irrecoverably
lost
,
fled
for
his
life
,
and
about
midnight
recovered
Buda
,
with
not
above
twenty
of
his
followers
,
filling
that
City
with
the
laments
of
such
as
had
in
the
battle
lost
their
friend
.
The
slain
and
those
taken
prisoners
were
fourteen
thousand
,
and
the
spoil
of
the
Camp
consisting
of
rich
Pavilions
,
Money
,
Plate
,
Ammunition
,
fair
horses
,
provision
,
Camels
,
and
the
like
,
was
valued
at
300000
Ducates
,
part
of
which
was
sent
to
the
Emperour
,
part
to
the
Arch
Duke
,
and
part
distributed
amongst
the
Souldiers
,
to
every
one
according
to
their
deserts
.
The
Turkish
Army
thus
overthrown
,
the
Christians
returned
again
to
the
siege
,
when
as
the
Count
sent
to
Summon
Alis
Beg
the
Governour
to
surrender
the
City
,
and
that
in
consideration
thereof
,
he
and
all
that
were
with
him
should
be
suffered
to
depart
,
but
the
messengers
finding
the
froward
old
man
obstinate
,
notwithstanding
the
great
dearth
that
was
then
in
the
City
,
he
returned
without
effecting
any
thing
;
upon
which
a
terrible
battery
being
placed
against
the
lower
City
,
it
thundred
against
the
walls
and
Bullwarks
so
long
,
that
laying
open
a
fair
breach
,
the
Souldiers
entred
with
such
fury
,
that
bearing
down
all
before
them
,
they
upon
the
coming
of
the
Marquess
of
Burgave
with
fresh
Troops
,
they
possessed
themselves
of
it
,
driving
the
Turks
into
the
Castle
and
upper
City
,
with
great
slaughter
,
sparing
in
their
rage
none
that
came
in
their
way
,
yet
the
malitious
Turks
e'r
their
departure
,
to
deprive
the
Christians
of
the
benefit
they
might
reap
by
the
spoil
,
had
by
Trains
laid
for
that
purpose
,
fired
the
building
in
several
places
,
so
that
inraged
by
the
wind
,
the
flame
could
be
hardly
extinguished
,
till
it
had
laid
most
of
the
goodly
building
waste
,
yet
was
this
great
Victory
accompanied
with
sorrow
for
the
death
of
the
Count
Mansfelt
,
who
by
drinking
cold
Liquors
,
after
his
great
pains
taken
in
the
late
battle
,
fell
into
a
feaver
,
which
turning
to
the
bloody
Flix
,
deprived
him
of
his
life
,
to
the
great
grief
of
the
Christian
Princes
,
who
on
his
Courage
and
Conduct
,
had
reposed
next
to
God
the
success
of
their
Arms
,
yet
the
Christians
continued
the
siege
,
nor
was
it
long
e'r
the
besieged
lost
Alis
Beg
their
Governour
,
who
walking
upon
the
wall
to
give
directions
in
places
of
most
danger
,
had
his
arm
struck
off
with
a
great
shot
,
of
which
he
dyed
,
when
in
his
stead
the
Janizaries
in
Garrison
chose
the
Bassa
of
Natolia
,
who
upon
the
overthrow
of
the
Bassa
of
Buda
,
had
escaped
into
the
City
with
a
hundred
horsemen
;
when
upon
notice
of
the
death
of
Count
Mansfelt
the
Arch
Duke
came
to
the
Camp
,
who
when
he
had
well
viewed
the
Army
,
and
the
manner
of
the
siege
,
he
assembled
his
chief
Commanders
,
to
consult
what
was
best
to
be
done
,
who
after
some
debate
resolved
to
give
a
generall
assault
,
which
was
maintained
with
great
resolution
,
but
the
besieged
as
obstinately
defending
their
walls
;
the
Duke
caused
the
Retreat
to
be
sounded
,
and
then
by
his
Espials
understanding
that
the
Turks
near
Buda
were
gathering
together
,
to
relieve
the
besieged
,
he
commanded
8000
chosen
horse
speedily
to
march
thither
,
who
a
little
before
sunset
setting
upon
them
,
expecting
nothing
less
,
made
of
them
a
great
slaughter
,
and
taking
a
number
of
prisoners
,
and
amongst
the
rest
the
Sanzack
of
Copan
,
returned
again
to
the
siege
;
when
as
the
besieged
finding
there
was
no
hope
of
relief
,
and
that
the
famine
was
greivous
amongst
them
,
the
Governour
overcome
with
such
like
difficulties
,
and
the
continual
cries
of
the
Citizens
and
Souldiers
,
at
length
consented
to
parly
upon
reasonable
conditions
,
so
that
in
fine
it
was
agreed
that
the
Garrison
and
all
the
Citizens
Turks
should
be
sent
with
bag
and
baggage
to
Buda
,
and
in
consideration
whereof
Strigonium
the
Metropolis
of
Hungaria
,
which
for
the
space
of
52
years
,
had
groaned
under
the
oppression
of
the
Turkish
Tyrants
,
was
delivered
into
the
hands
of
the
Arch
Duke
,
and
the
conditions
with
the
Turks
accordingly
performed
,
twenty
Ships
being
for
that
purpose
imployed
by
the
space
of
two
dayes
,
after
which
the
Duke
sent
18
thousand
to
besiege
Vicegrade
otherwise
called
Plindenburg
,
a
strong
Castle
of
the
Turks
,
scituate
upon
Danubius
,
between
Strigonium
and
Buda
,
which
they
took
,
and
in
their
march
brought
such
a
fear
upon
Buda
,
that
had
not
the
Bassa
shut
fast
the
Gates
,
most
of
the
Inhabitants
had
fled
over
the
Danudius
.
During
this
good
success
of
the
Imperialists
the
Prince
of
Transylvania
was
not
idle
,
but
with
an
Army
of
his
best
Souldiers
,
setting
upon
thirty
thousand
Turks
(
who
as
unbidden
Guests
were
coming
to
his
wedding
,
which
he
was
then
solemnizing
with
Maria
Christina
,
daughter
to
Charles
the
late
Arch
Duke
of
Austria
)
he
gave
such
a
welcome
,
that
few
of
them
returned
to
tell
the
news
,
after
which
,
prosecuting
his
victory
he
took
Lippa
,
a
strong
Town
,
with
divers
other
Towns
and
Castles
of
the
Turks
,
out
of
which
they
had
for
a
long
time
annoyed
the
Countries
round
about
them
;
about
the
same
time
the
Lords
Herbenstien
,
Lucowitz
and
Eckenburg
incountered
with
the
Bassa
of
Bosna
,
as
he
was
returning
with
ten
thousand
Turks
and
Tartars
,
from
the
taking
of
Babotzka
,
whom
after
a
hard
fight
they
overthrew
,
putting
most
of
them
to
the
sword
,
the
Bassa
himself
,
upon
a
swift
horse
hardly
escaping
.
These
successefull
proceedings
of
the
Christians
so
inraged
the
Turk
,
that
imputing
several
of
the
disgraces
that
had
happened
to
the
neglect
of
Ferat
Bassa
,
he
by
the
advice
of
Sinan
Bassa
,
sent
for
him
,
who
trusting
to
his
innocency
,
boldly
came
to
answer
to
what
should
be
objected
against
him
,
though
warned
to
the
contrary
,
but
he
was
scarce
arrived
e'r
by
the
command
of
Mahomet
he
was
strangled
and
his
goods
to
the
value
of
five
hundred
thousand
Ducats
confiscated
.
After
the
death
of
Ferat
,
who
was
somewhat
a
favourer
of
the
Christians
,
Sinan
the
proud
Bassa
,
son
to
a
Fisherman
,
and
their
mortal
enemy
,
was
sent
with
a
great
Army
into
Valachia
,
to
reduce
that
and
the
other
revolted
Countries
to
the
Turkish
obedience
,
but
being
encountred
by
the
Transilvanian
Forces
,
his
Army
was
overthrown
with
great
slaughter
,
and
himself
in
his
flight
falling
into
a
Lime-pit
,
hardly
escaped
with
life
;
after
which
he
fled
to
Canstantinople
,
to
plead
his
own
cause
,
having
promised
upon
his
undertaking
that
Expedition
at
the
price
of
his
head
,
to
reduce
Valachia
,
Moldavia
,
and
Transylvania
,
to
their
former
obedience
.
Not
long
after
the
overthrow
of
Sinan
,
the
Lords
Eckenberg
and
Leucowitz
overthrew
twenty
thousand
who
under
the
leading
of
the
Bassa
of
Bosna
,
invaded
the
country
of
Crotia
,
and
following
their
Victory
,
entred
the
Turkish
Dominions
and
burnt
15
Villages
,
carrying
away
a
great
booty
,
and
soon
after
took
Petrina
,
which
after
a
close
siege
,
and
some
furious
assaults
was
abandoned
by
the
Turks
.
In
the
mean
while
Sigismund
the
Transylvanian
Prince
,
raised
a
greater
power
than
before
,
upon
notice
that
Sinan
Bassa
was
again
upon
his
march
to
invade
his
Countries
;
at
what
time
the
Ziculi
or
Sciculy
,
a
people
bordering
on
the
North
of
Transilvania
,
sent
to
him
to
offer
him
their
service
,
as
weary
of
the
Turkish
thraldom
;
who
according
to
agreement
,
besides
many
rich
presents
,
and
store
of
provision
,
sent
him
forty
thousand
men
well
appointed
,
which
no
sooner
joyned
him
,
he
had
notice
that
Sinan
had
passed
Danubius
,
by
a
bridg
of
Boats
;
whereupon
he
marched
with
all
dilligence
to
meet
him
,
and
in
another
set
battle
,
gave
him
a
fatal
overthrow
,
in
which
there
were
thirty
thousand
slain
and
taken
prisoners
,
besides
a
rich
booty
;
nor
did
the
River
Danubius
upon
their
hasty
repassing
the
bridge
,
which
was
near
two
miles
over
,
devour
a
less
number
,
insomuch
that
Sinan
swore
in
a
great
rage
,
that
the
young
Prince
had
in
a
short
time
Eclipsed
all
the
renown
he
in
the
course
of
his
whole
life
had
got
.
After
this
overthrow
of
the
Turks
,
which
they
number
amongst
their
great
mischances
,
the
Castle
and
Island
in
the
River
with
little
loss
were
recovered
,
and
then
in
great
Triumph
laden
with
the
Turks
spoils
the
Prince
returned
to
Alba
Julia
,
at
what
time
by
his
Captains
he
took
the
strong
Castle
of
Jenna
,
and
intercepted
about
70
waggons
richly
laden
,
which
they
of
Temeswar
fearing
to
be
besieged
were
sending
,
together
with
their
wives
and
children
,
to
places
of
greater
strength
.
These
things
perplexing
the
proud
Turk
,
he
sent
his
special
Messengers
to
stir
up
the
Crimesian
Tartars
,
(
a
people
living
for
the
most
part
on
spoil
)
to
invade
Moldavia
,
Transylvania
,
and
Valachia
,
who
were
likewise
incouraged
thereto
by
the
Chancellor
of
Polonia
,
he
so
far
insinuating
with
the
King
,
that
Moldavia
was
taken
from
the
Transylvanian
Prince
,
and
a
new
Vayvod
placed
therein
,
who
opened
(
contrary
to
his
faith
given
)
three
wayes
for
the
Turks
and
Tartars
to
invade
Transylvania
,
of
which
perfidious
dealing
Pope
Clement
the
Eighth
by
his
Letters
to
the
King
of
Polonia
,
grievously
complained
;
and
likewise
against
Cardinal
Zamoskie
,
the
Chancelor
,
and
first
mover
of
this
mischief
,
whom
he
cited
to
appear
before
him
at
Rome
,
there
to
answer
to
what
should
by
the
Ambassadours
of
the
Christian
Princes
,
be
objected
against
him
,
charging
them
both
with
breach
of
faith
,
and
disloyalty
to
the
King
of
Heaven
,
by
betraying
the
Christians
into
the
hand
of
the
sworn
enemies
of
the
Christian
Religion
,
yet
both
the
King
and
Chancelor
used
such
endeavours
that
they
satisfied
the
Pope
in
the
necessity
of
their
writing
better
to
him
to
that
purpose
,
when
at
the
same
time
Cham
Kazikieri
the
Tartarian
King
wrote
to
Sigismund
King
of
Polonia
,
to
put
him
in
mind
of
his
promise
to
give
his
Army
free
passage
,
as
likewise
to
destroy
the
Cossacks
,
who
as
he
said
by
daily
incursions
wasted
his
Frontier
,
and
to
make
a
perpetual
League
with
him
yet
onely
the
former
request
was
observed
.
The
Christians
not
pleased
with
the
proceedings
of
the
Polonian
,
to
shew
how
little
they
esteemed
his
Friendship
,
inraged
as
it
were
with
his
revolt
burnt
and
destroyed
all
the
Turkish
Garrisons
uppon
his
Frontiers
,
whom
he
durst
not
protect
for
fear
of
having
his
own
Dominions
wasted
in
the
like
manner
,
but
what
happened
this
year
1596
advantagious
to
the
Christians
was
the
death
of
Sinan
Bassa
their
sworn
Enemy
,
who
having
by
his
Friends
and
many
rich
presents
escaped
the
fury
of
the
angry
Sultan
Mahomet
who
had
vowed
his
death
,
soon
after
through
grief
and
shame
of
his
late
overthrow
died
,
after
he
had
for
Fifty
years
wasted
the
Earth
with
Fire
and
Sword
,
Yet
the
following
Spring
Mahomet
with
a
great
power
purposed
in
person
to
pass
into
Hungary
,
but
by
reason
of
the
Plague
and
Famine
,
that
raged
throughout
his
Empire
he
could
not
accomplish
his
design
,
but
was
more
and
more
perplexed
by
the
revolt
of
the
Georgians
,
and
the
great
Army
the
new
King
of
Persia
was
raising
for
the
recovery
of
Tauris
,
notwithstanding
to
prevent
the
worst
the
Transilvanian
Prince
in
person
went
to
the
Courts
of
the
Emperour
and
Pope
to
crave
Aid
,
where
he
was
with
great
kindness
received
,
and
promised
such
supplies
of
Men
and
Mony
as
his
occasion
should
require
,
but
during
his
stay
there
the
Sciculi
rose
up
in
arms
against
him
,
yet
the
Rebellion
was
blown
over
by
the
execution
of
the
chief
Promoters
of
the
Tumult
,
and
Ten
Thousand
Rascians
in
a
fit
time
proffered
him
their
service
,
for
the
Tartars
were
by
this
time
on
their
way
,
whereupon
having
received
several
rich
Presents
he
returned
home
,
being
every
where
joyfully
received
of
his
People
.
All
this
time
the
Lord
Palfi
with
the
Garrison
Souldiers
of
Strigonium
was
not
idle
,
but
used
his
utmost
dilligence
to
surprize
the
Turks
Convoys
and
Garrisons
,
nor
was
his
expectation
frustrated
,
for
overrunning
the
Country
as
far
as
the
Walls
of
Temeswar
he
got
many
rich
booties
,
and
removed
such
Christians
as
were
in
danger
of
the
Turks
Garrison
nearer
his
own
missing
but
narrowly
of
the
Bassa
of
Temeswar
with
all
his
Treasure
,
as
he
was
going
to
Belgrade
to
give
place
to
a
new
Bassa
,
but
however
he
fell
into
the
hands
of
the
Hungarian
Heidons
,
who
overthrew
his
Convoy
,
slew
him
,
and
took
all
his
riches
laden
in
Seventy
Five
Waggons
to
the
value
of
Two
Hundred
Thousand
Hungarian
Ducats
,
which
so
inraged
the
Turks
that
gathering
Forty
Thousand
strong
they
besieged
Lippa
,
but
after
the
loss
of
six
Thousand
of
their
number
in
many
furious
assaults
,
they
left
their
Trenches
and
in
great
confusion
retired
,
which
flight
was
occasioned
by
the
Governour
of
Lugaz
his
surprising
the
Suburbs
of
Temeswar
,
and
setting
them
on
fire
,
which
being
seen
in
the
Turks
Camp
caused
amongst
them
that
great
consternation
,
as
thinking
the
Prince
of
Transilvania
with
his
whole
Army
was
coming
on
,
and
even
at
their
backs
.
After
whose
flight
the
Hungarian
Heidons
passing
the
Danubius
took
Plenia
,
in
revenge
of
which
the
Turks
took
Clissa
,
out
of
which
they
had
not
long
before
been
driven
;
not
long
after
the
Lord
Palfi
took
the
strong
Castle
Sombock
,
which
the
Turks
in
a
rage
upon
the
enterance
of
the
Christians
set
on
fire
,
but
thereby
so
exasperated
the
Souldiers
that
they
spared
none
they
found
therein
,
but
put
them
all
to
the
Sword
without
respect
either
to
Age
or
Sex
.
These
continual
currants
of
Victory
carryed
the
Transilvanian
Prince
to
the
Siege
of
Tameswar
,
which
he
for
many
dayes
furiously
battered
,
but
upon
notice
that
the
Bassa
of
Natolia
the
forerunner
of
Mahomets
Army
,
was
come
to
Belgrade
with
Fourteen
thousand
Turks
,
and
Mahomet
with
an
Army
of
One
Hundred
and
Fifty
Thousand
was
coming
after
him
to
the
Relief
of
the
City
,
and
he
not
having
yet
received
the
supplies
promised
by
the
Christian
Princes
his
Confederates
,
thought
good
to
raise
his
siege
and
depart
for
Lippa
,
where
having
left
a
strong
Garrison
he
kept
on
his
way
to
Alba-Julia
,
and
assembled
there
the
States
of
his
Principality
to
consider
the
most
expedient
means
for
raising
more
Forces
to
repress
so
potent
an
Adversary
.
Mahomet
approaching
with
his
Forces
which
daily
increased
,
sent
to
Michale
the
Vayvod
of
Valachia
to
promise
him
great
rewards
if
he
would
become
his
Tributary
and
revolt
from
the
Transilvanian
Prince
,
but
finding
nothing
would
prevail
with
the
Vayvod
to
break
his
Faith
he
came
with
his
whole
Army
now
increased
to
the
number
of
Two
Hundred
Thousand
to
Buda
,
yet
ere
he
could
attempt
any
thing
Maximilian
the
Emperours
General
,
(
made
so
in
the
stead
of
Matthias
the
Arch-Duke
,
who
upon
the
Death
of
Ferdinand
the
Emperors
Uncle
,
had
the
rich
County
of
Tirol
bestowed
upon
him
whither
he
was
retired
)
had
taken
Vacia
,
Hatvan
,
and
several
other
places
,
but
long
rested
not
Mahomet
before
,
he
with
his
huge
Army
besieged
Agria
,
which
after
the
loss
of
Twenty
Thousand
of
his
Men
not
by
force
but
by
surrender
,
for
the
Soldiers
perceiving
the
new
Castle
,
the
place
in
which
they
only
put
their
trust
,
undermined
;
and
about
to
be
blown
up
,
and
that
all
hopes
of
being
relieved
were
vain
,
they
layed
hands
upon
Paulus
Niari
and
Terskie
the
Captain
of
the
Garrison
Souldiers
and
Governour
of
the
City
,
and
casting
them
in
Prison
capitulated
with
the
Turks
to
deliver
the
City
and
Castle
,
in
consideration
that
they
might
depart
with
bag
and
baggage
,
but
the
faithless
Infidels
ere
they
had
passed
through
the
Camp
contrary
to
their
faith
given
cut
them
in
pieces
,
after
which
the
Bassa
of
Bosua
with
a
strong
power
layed
siege
to
Petrina
,
but
upon
notice
that
the
Lords
Herbenstein
and
Bencowitz
were
coming
to
relieve
it
,
and
in
their
way
had
overthrown
Six
Thousand
Turks
he
raised
his
siege
in
great
hast
leaving
behind
him
part
of
his
Carriages
.
But
now
the
two
puissant
Armies
of
the
Christians
and
Turks
coming
in
view
of
each
other
and
nothing
but
a
small
River
parting
them
,
drew
frequently
up
in
Battalia
,
and
had
several
skirmishes
at
a
distance
,
but
the
vain
glorious
Turks
not
thinking
it
sufficient
to
discharge
their
great
Artillery
,
and
skirmish
in
small
parties
at
the
Command
of
Mahomet
,
Ten
Thousand
of
them
,
and
Six
Thousand
Tartars
passed
the
River
,
but
were
so
hotly
welcomed
that
few
returned
,
which
advantage
the
Christians
following
pursued
the
flyers
,
and
set
upon
the
gross
of
the
Turks
Army
,
putting
all
into
confusion
and
consternation
;
so
that
Mahomet
fearing
a
total
overthrow
retreated
to
his
Camp
,
whither
the
Christians
as
eagerly
pursued
,
but
whilst
they
disordered
themselves
to
take
the
spoil
,
(
although
the
General
had
caused
Proclamation
to
be
made
,
that
none
on
pain
of
death
should
attempt
it
till
the
victory
was
obtained
.
)
They
being
afresh
charged
and
many
of
them
cut
off
by
the
Turks
great
Artilery
,
betook
themselves
to
plain
flight
not
to
be
stayed
by
the
threats
nor
intreaties
of
their
Commanders
,
so
that
the
German
Horse
disordering
their
own
Foot
put
all
into
confusion
,
which
the
Turks
contrary
to
their
expectation
perceiving
followed
hard
after
them
,
making
great
slaughter
,
yet
so
conscious
were
they
of
their
weakness
,
that
fearing
the
return
of
the
Christians
,
that
in
the
night
they
secretly
raised
their
Camp
and
returned
to
Agria
,
leaving
their
Cannon
and
Baggage
in
the
Trenches
for
the
space
of
three
dayes
,
so
slenderly
guarded
that
Five
Thousand
men
might
have
taken
the
spoil
;
Mahomet
himself
confessing
that
he
feared
to
have
been
taken
Prisoner
,
and
would
not
for
the
future
venture
his
person
in
places
of
such
imminent
danger
.
In
this
Battle
or
rather
running
fight
,
called
from
the
place
where
it
happened
,
the
Battle
of
Karesta
,
Forty
Thousand
Turks
and
Fifteen
Thousand
Christians
were
slain
most
of
the
latter
in
the
rash
and
unadvised
flight
,
the
which
had
it
not
contrary
to
all
reason
happened
never
had
a
more
glorious
victory
been
obtained
over
the
Infidels
.
Yet
Mahomet
after
he
had
furnished
Agria
with
a
Garrison
of
Ten
Thousand
choice
Souldiers
returned
to
Belgrade
,
and
having
divided
his
Army
in
two
parts
,
the
one
he
left
in
the
Countrey
to
secure
it
against
the
Christians
,
and
with
the
other
departed
to
Constantinople
,
but
by
the
way
being
set
upon
by
Barbelius
Jancaechie
the
Transilvanian
Princes
Lieutenant
,
and
the
Vayvod
of
Valachia
,
who
with
a
strong
power
for
that
purpose
had
passed
the
Danubius
,
they
cut
off
seven
Thousand
of
his
men
.
Early
in
the
spring
as
ashamed
of
their
disgrace
the
Christian
Princes
recruited
their
scattered
Forces
which
meeting
together
near
to
Passonium
and
Altenburg
,
marched
to
Papa
,
which
they
besieged
and
after
eight
dayes
battery
took
it
,
and
so
again
returning
to
Altenburg
the
Army
mustered
,
from
whence
they
marched
to
Rab
and
besieged
it
,
but
upon
the
approach
of
the
Turks
Army
under
the
Command
of
Mahomet
Bassa
,
raised
the
siege
,
as
finding
it
both
difficult
and
dangerous
,
and
so
marched
over
into
the
Island
of
Schut
,
when
in
their
sight
they
permitted
the
Turks
to
take
Dolis
.
Michael
the
Vayvod
of
Valachia
,
having
his
Countrey
almost
destroyed
by
the
Turks
,
and
they
promising
him
great
favours
and
bounties
more
then
ever
,
if
he
would
again
return
to
his
obedience
;
he
to
save
his
Countrey
from
utter
destruction
,
complied
with
the
Tyrants
desire
in
part
,
viz.
to
own
him
for
his
Soveraign
,
and
to
pay
him
half
the
wonted
Tribute
,
but
denied
upon
any
terms
to
aid
him
against
the
Christians
,
which
the
Turk
for
a
while
dissembled
and
seemed
well
contented
with
his
submission
,
but
afterward
contrary
to
his
Oath
oppressing
him
with
great
Taxes
,
both
he
and
the
Prince
of
Transilvania
recommended
the
protection
of
their
Countries
to
Rodolphus
the
Emperour
,
who
thereupon
called
a
Diet
to
consult
about
raising
contributions
sufficient
for
the
management
of
the
War
against
the
Turks
,
and
such
success
had
his
arms
immediately
thereon
,
through
the
good
conduct
of
the
Lord
Swartzenburg
,
Rab
was
surprized
for
certain
Engineers
coming
by
night
to
the
Gates
,
finding
the
Portcullises
drawn
up
in
expectation
of
Waggons
loaden
with
Provision
to
come
from
Alba
Regalis
,
they
fastened
several
Petards
to
the
said
Gates
which
deadly
Engins
once
fired
rent
'um
in
pieces
,
so
that
the
Army
which
followed
at
their
heels
pressing
in
,
after
a
long
fight
killed
two
of
the
Turks
Bassa's
,
and
put
the
rest
to
the
flight
,
who
such
as
could
escaped
over
the
Wall
,
and
those
that
could
not
fell
by
the
Swords
of
the
inraged
Soldiers
,
who
in
the
City
found
so
great
a
booty
that
many
of
them
were
greatly
inriched
thereby
,
besides
One
Hundred
pieces
of
great
Ordnance
,
and
store
of
all
manner
of
Provisions
.
That
City
though
so
easily
recovered
,
being
one
of
the
strongest
Fortresses
in
Christendom
,
the
taking
of
which
so
incouraged
the
General
of
the
Imperialists
,
that
(
upon
notice
that
great
differences
were
arisen
between
the
Janizaries
and
the
Sphai
,
the
Turks
best
Footmen
and
Horsemen
upon
a
point
of
preheminency
)
he
resolved
to
besiege
Buda
the
Turks
chief
strength
in
Hungary
,
and
thereupon
marching
thither
with
all
his
Army
,
on
the
16th
.
of
October
,
1598.
he
sar
down
before
it
,
and
for
many
days
battered
it
with
sixteen
pieces
of
Cannon
.
But
in
fine
seeing
no
hopes
of
winning
it
,
and
having
notice
that
a
great
Army
of
Turks
was
hasting
to
its
relief
having
plundered
the
Suburbs
the
General
drew
his
Army
out
of
the
Trenches
and
departed
to
Strigonium
.
The
Transilvanian
Prince
having
exchanged
his
Country
with
the
Emperour
for
the
Dukedoms
of
Oppel
and
Ratibor
,
and
yearly
Fifty
Thousand
Joachim
,
or
the
Revenues
of
the
Bishoprick
of
Vratislavia
,
Territories
lying
in
Silesia
and
repenting
him
of
what
he
had
done
,
he
came
again
into
Transilvania
in
disguise
,
and
was
joyfully
received
by
his
Subjects
,
at
what
time
Maximilian
the
Emperors
Generals
was
marching
with
the
Army
to
take
possession
of
it
,
which
had
like
to
have
caused
great
dissensions
amongst
the
Christian
Confederates
had
not
the
Prince
by
many
submissive
Letters
pacified
the
Emperors
displeasure
.
Now
were
the
Turks
Army
arrived
in
Hungary
and
had
layed
siege
to
Veradinum
,
which
City
being
at
the
point
to
be
yielded
,
was
relieved
by
the
Lord
Basta
the
Emperours
Lieutenant
,
who
making
semblance
to
give
the
Turks
Battle
,
and
by
that
means
drawing
them
out
of
their
Trenches
,
in
the
mean
time
by
an
unsuspected
way
,
thrust
Eight
Hundred
Souldiers
into
the
City
and
so
drew
off
,
through
which
supply
the
City
was
so
long
defended
that
the
Turks
weary
of
the
siege
,
and
by
reason
of
the
approach
of
Winter
departed
,
leaving
for
hast
many
of
their
Tents
and
great
Ordnance
as
a
prey
to
the
besieged
,
after
which
the
Imperialists
spoiled
that
part
of
the
Lower
Hungary
,
which
was
in
the
possession
of
the
Turks
even
to
the
gates
of
Buda
,
which
brought
a
great
fear
upon
the
Garrison
and
Citizens
.
When
at
the
same
time
Michael
the
Vayvod
of
Valachia
,
having
gathered
a
strong
power
took
and
sacked
Nicopolis
,
the
rumor
of
which
coming
to
Constantinople
where
the
Plague
then
raged
,
it
greatly
perplexed
Mahomet
and
brought
a
fear
upon
that
great
City
.
Yet
to
put
a
stop
to
the
Vayvods
proceedings
,
he
caused
a
great
number
of
Turks
under
the
leading
of
Taut
Bassa
to
march
against
him
,
who
joyning
the
forces
of
Mahomet
Satergi
with
which
he
had
besieged
Veradinum
;
yet
the
Vayvod
not
in
the
least
dismayed
,
marched
100
Miles
into
the
Turks
Territories
,
and
destroying
all
before
him
obtained
a
great
Booty
.
But
now
contrary
to
the
expectation
of
all
men
the
Transilvanian
Prince
,
instigated
thereto
by
the
Polonian
King
,
resigned
the
right
he
had
in
that
Principality
,
to
his
Cozen
Andrew
Battor
,
and
thereby
defrauded
the
Emperour
of
that
which
by
way
of
Exchange
was
properly
his
,
the
Transylvanians
having
thereupon
sworn
him
fealty
,
yet
not
to
discourage
his
Confederates
the
Emperor
set
light
thereby
,
though
the
proud
Cardinal
,
to
whom
it
was
resigned
submitted
himself
a
Vassal
to
Mahomet
,
and
thereby
deprived
the
Christian
Commonwealth
of
one
of
her
surest
Bulwarks
.
Buda
blocked
up
by
the
Christians
,
and
thereby
reduced
to
great
extreamity
,
the
Bassa
thereof
upon
notice
that
several
waggons
laden
with
provision
,
were
on
their
way
,
issued
out
with
six
hundred
horse
to
conduct
them
safe
;
but
being
set
upon
by
the
free
Hadducks
,
his
Guard
was
overthrown
,
his
son
slain
,
and
himself
taken
prisoner
;
and
within
a
while
after
the
Lord
Palfie
incountering
the
Bassa
of
Bosna
,
who
was
coming
with
ten
thousand
men
to
relieve
the
said
City
,
overthrew
his
power
,
slew
the
Bassa
,
and
took
all
the
waggons
laden
with
provision
,
and
at
the
same
time
five
thousand
Tartars
being
set
upon
by
the
Lord
Swartzenburgs
Regiment
,
were
all
cut
in
pieces
;
upon
notice
of
Ibraim
Bassa
with
a
great
power
set
forward
from
Constantinople
,
but
part
of
his
Forces
being
encountred
by
the
Imperialists
under
the
command
of
the
Lord
Palfis
Lieutenant
,
were
overthrown
,
and
rich
booty
taken
,
containing
all
the
provision
of
the
Camp
,
and
one
hundred
thousand
Dollars
which
were
coming
up
the
Danubius
to
pay
the
Souldiers
,
which
loss
greatly
discontented
the
Bassa
,
and
then
when
he
had
notice
that
the
Imperialists
intended
again
to
besiege
Buda
,
which
he
by
reason
of
the
said
loss
was
not
in
a
capacity
to
relieve
,
as
also
at
the
same
time
news
came
of
a
great
slaughter
of
the
Turks
before
the
City
of
Agria
,
the
which
City
had
the
Christians
assaulted
in
any
considerable
number
,
the
consternation
was
so
great
,
that
they
might
easily
have
surprised
it
,
yet
as
it
happened
they
took
a
hundred
prisoners
and
five
hundred
horses
,
the
free
Haducks
also
entring
the
Turks
Territories
,
did
great
hurt
by
burning
their
Villages
and
carrying
away
a
great
number
of
Inhabitants
.
Buda
now
had
not
escaped
falling
into
the
hands
of
the
Christians
had
not
Ibraim
Bassa
received
an
unexpected
supply
,
which
increased
his
Army
to
the
number
of
one
hundred
and
thirty
thousand
,
with
which
upon
his
approach
the
Christians
too
weak
to
encounter
him
were
obliged
to
raise
their
siege
,
yet
so
much
was
the
Bassa
out
of
love
with
war
,
that
having
relieved
the
City
,
he
by
the
command
of
Mahomet
the
Turkish
Emperor
,
laboured
to
procure
a
peace
with
Rodolph
the
German
Emperor
,
in
order
to
which
several
great
Commanders
on
either
side
met
,
but
the
Turks
proud
demands
seem'd
so
unreasonable
to
the
Christian
Commissioners
,
that
they
rejected
them
with
disdain
,
and
so
all
hopes
of
peace
vanishing
,
the
Vayvod
of
Valachia
invaded
Transylvania
,
now
wholly
devoted
to
Mahomet
,
against
whom
Cardinal
Batter
prepared
his
Forces
,
being
strengthened
over
and
above
with
thirty
thousand
Turks
and
Tartars
,
sent
by
Ibraim
yet
in
a
mortal
battle
he
was
overthrown
by
the
Vayvod
,
and
the
Cardinal
in
endeavouring
to
escape
was
slain
,
and
his
head
sent
to
the
Emperour
,
after
which
most
of
the
Cities
of
Transylvania
revolted
from
the
Turkish
obedience
.
The
news
of
which
greatly
troubled
Sigismund
the
late
Prince
,
who
resided
in
Polonia
,
but
more
Mahomet
the
Turkish
Emperor
,
imbroiled
in
new
troubles
by
the
revolt
of
Chusahin
or
Cassan
the
great
Bassa
of
Carra●●●●
,
who
had
caused
most
of
the
Countries
in
the
letter
Asia
,
to
cast
off
the
Turkish
yoke
,
but
Mahomet
sending
great
Forces
against
him
under
Mahomet
Bassa
,
who
after
several
conflicts
spoiling
the
possessions
of
the
Rebells
in
Arms
,
he
so
dealt
with
the
chief
of
them
,
that
by
bribes
and
large
promises
,
he
prevailed
with
them
to
leave
their
ringleader
,
he
was
taken
and
brought
in
chains
to
Constantinople
,
where
with
most
exquisite
torments
,
he
was
put
to
death
.
The
end
of
which
dangerous
Rebellion
,
gave
the
Ottoman
Emperor
more
leasure
to
prosecute
his
wars
in
Hungary
,
to
oppose
whose
Forces
,
the
Christians
were
not
wanting
,
for
in
an
other
Diet
assembled
,
new
supplies
were
granted
by
the
Electoral
Princes
for
the
carrying
on
the
war
,
toward
which
the
Bishop
of
Rome
contributed
very
largely
,
so
that
Anno
1600
the
Christian
Army
early
in
the
Spring
took
the
field
(
though
to
breed
delay
therein
the
Turkish
Bassa
in
the
name
of
his
master
,
had
made
many
offers
tending
to
peace
)
but
e'r
any
notable
action
was
performed
,
the
renowned
Lord
Palfie
,
the
greatest
Commander
of
that
Age
dyed
at
his
Castle
of
Bibersperg
,
whereupon
the
Lord
Swartzenburg
was
by
the
Emperor
appointed
Governor
of
Strigonium
in
his
stead
,
who
to
the
great
grief
of
the
Army
,
soon
after
slain
with
a
shot
as
he
was
reducing
Papa
to
its
obedience
,
it
having
a
little
before
at
the
instigation
of
De
la
Mot
,
a
seditious
French
Commander
there
in
Garrison
revolted
from
the
Emperor
,
and
yet
stood
neuter
,
not
permitting
the
Turks
to
enter
,
yet
was
it
again
reduced
notwithstanding
the
death
of
the
Lord
Swartzenburg
and
most
of
the
Rebels
Executed
,
after
the
severest
manner
that
could
be
invented
.
These
things
passing
,
the
troubles
in
Hungary
daily
increasing
,
and
the
Turks
were
every
where
put
to
the
worst
,
and
amongst
the
rest
the
Bassa
of
Sigeth
with
five
thousand
of
his
Turks
,
and
his
head
sent
to
the
Emperor
.
Jula
was
likewise
surprized
,
and
the
Bassa
thereof
with
two
Sanzacks
,
and
Five
Hundred
common
Souldiers
slain
,
and
now
the
Government
of
Transilvania
being
vacant
(
by
the
death
of
Cardinal
Battor
and
the
absence
of
the
Prince
)
the
Emperor
confirmed
it
to
the
Vayvod
of
Valachia
,
who
raising
a
great
power
went
against
the
Prince
who
aided
by
the
Turks
,
Tartars
,
and
Polonians
,
was
coming
to
try
a
field
Battle
for
the
recovery
of
his
Inheritance
,
and
in
a
set
battle
overthrew
him
with
great
slaughter
of
his
men
,
himself
hardly
escaping
,
after
which
he
seized
upon
the
Countrey
of
Moldavia
,
causing
all
the
inhabitants
to
swear
Allegiance
to
him
,
when
the
better
to
incourage
him
to
invade
the
Turks
Dominions
the
Emperour
not
only
confirmed
him
in
that
Principality
also
,
but
sent
him
six
Thousand
Men
under
the
leading
of
D.
Petzen
,
with
a
mass
of
mony
to
pay
his
Souldiers
appointing
him
one
of
his
Council
,
and
cheif
Intendant
for
those
Countries
,
but
he
behaving
himself
roughly
towards
the
Transilvanian
Nobility
,
they
sent
Ambassadors
to
Basta
the
Emperors
Lieutenant
General
praying
,
him
to
take
then
into
the
protection
of
the
Emperor
onely
,
and
that
they
might
obey
no
other
Soveraign
Prince
,
whereupon
Basta
after
mature
deliberation
resolved
to
grant
their
desires
,
and
to
protect
them
from
the
fury
of
the
Vayvod
,
whom
he
yet
not
able
to
appease
by
fair
means
he
resolved
to
compel
by
force
of
Armes
to
acquiesce
with
what
he
determined
,
and
therefore
gathering
such
forces
as
he
could
with
Eighteen
Thousand
well
appointed
Souldiers
he
awaited
on
the
Frontiers
of
Transilvania
his
coming
,
and
near
to
a
Village
called
Mivislo
adventured
to
give
him
Battle
,
though
under
his
standard
he
had
double
the
number
,
and
after
six
hours
desperate
fighting
put
him
to
flight
,
with
the
loss
of
Ten
Thousand
of
his
men
,
taking
likewise
several
Prisoners
,
and
a
great
spoil
,
yet
nevertheless
the
Vayvod
bating
of
his
proud
temper
by
the
mediation
of
Friends
they
were
afterwards
reconciled
.
Yet
the
Vayvod
jealous
of
the
Imperialist
as
being
also
without
cause
perswaded
thereto
by
the
Polonians
,
to
prevent
as
was
suggested
to
him
his
being
taken
Prisoner
,
with
a
few
of
his
followers
fled
into
the
fastness
of
the
Mountains
,
whereupon
one
Simon
was
placed
in
his
stead
by
the
haughty
Chancelor
of
Poland
,
which
choice
Basta
altogether
disliking
resolved
to
displace
the
upstart
Vayvod
,
but
the
Transilvanians
desirous
of
freedom
,
and
in
order
to
recover
it
raising
many
rumours
portending
the
mischief
intended
against
the
Imperialists
,
at
that
time
hindered
his
violent
proceedings
,
so
that
for
the
future
the
whole
matter
was
referred
to
the
Emperour
.
The
Transilvanians
likewise
casting
themselves
upon
him
,
and
when
they
perceived
no
remedy
,
desired
that
Maximilian
the
Arch-Duke
might
take
upon
him
the
Government
of
that
Province
;
but
whilst
these
affairs
were
in
controversie
,
the
Turks
with
a
huge
Army
besieged
Canisia
a
strong
City
of
Stira
,
to
the
relief
of
which
came
the
Imperial
Army
consisting
of
Forty
Thousand
Horse
and
Foot
,
composed
of
divers
Nations
,
under
the
leading
of
Duke
Mercury
General
of
the
Emperours
Forces
in
Hungary
,
to
oppose
which
Ibrahim
Bassa
drew
out
of
his
Trenches
,
thinking
by
their
multitude
to
oppress
the
Christians
,
but
was
therein
deceived
,
for
after
a
bloody
and
doubtful
fight
for
the
space
of
eight
hours
victory
declared
her self
against
him
,
yet
not
so
apparently
but
that
the
next
day
by
reason
of
the
discord
amongst
the
Christian
Captains
,
who
at
the
Command
of
their
General
refused
to
charge
the
Turks
in
their
strengths
the
scale
was
turned
,
and
their
Convoy
of
Provision
upon
its
way
to
the
Camp
being
taken
by
the
Tartars
,
they
were
so
straightned
that
after
having
layn
still
for
the
space
of
three
dayes
,
they
rose
in
the
night
but
not
so
secretly
but
that
the
Turks
following
hard
after
them
cut
off
Three
Thousand
of
the
rearmost
,
took
several
pieces
of
Cannon
,
and
a
great
part
of
their
Baggage
,
and
afterwards
had
the
City
of
Canisae
yeilded
to
them
upon
condition
that
the
Garrison
should
be
safely
convoyed
over
the
River
Mur
,
with
Bag
and
Baggage
,
and
hightened
with
this
success
they
afterwards
forraged
the
Countrey
of
Stira
,
for
fear
of
whom
the
Inhabitants
with
such
of
their
substance
,
as
they
conveniently
carry
with
them
fled
to
the
Mountains
,
whereupon
the
Bassa
sent
forth
a
Proclamation
commanding
them
to
return
,
and
that
such
as
would
willingly
submit
themselves
to
the
Turkish
obedience
should
be
taken
into
safe
protection
,
upon
which
Proclamation
many
of
the
half
starved
people
returned
and
submitted
themselves
,
but
the
ever
renowned
mirrour
of
Vertue
and
Valour
,
the
Heroick
Count
Serenus
being
the
man
that
the
Bassa
aimed
at
,
as
well
knowing
whilst
he
went
free
his
new
Conquests
were
slightly
cemented
to
the
rest
,
he
the
better
to
decoy
the
Noble
Youth
into
his
power
wrote
to
him
as
followeth
.
We
Ibraim
Bassa
Chief
Vizar
Bassa
,
Cosen
to
the
most
Puissant
Sultan
Mahomet
,
to
the
Count
Serenus
,
sendeth
Greeting
,
WE
have
often
heretofore
written
to
thee
,
concerning
the
matter
thou
knowest
of
,
but
what
the
cause
is
we
received
no
answer
we
know
not
;
yet
could
I
not
but
write
unto
you
again
,
that
if
thou
canst
be
content
to
begin
the
matter
aright
,
and
to
submit
thy self
to
our
protection
we
will
be
ready
to
receive
thee
:
thou
seest
what
we
foretold
thee
is
now
more
then
fulfilled
,
both
upon
thee
and
thine
,
which
thou
wouldest
never
believe
;
nevertheless
for
the
staying
the
further
effusion
of
blood
as
well
of
thy
Subjects
as
our
,
and
to
come
to
some
good
attonement
,
't
is
high
time
for
thee
to
lay
thine
hand
upon
thine
heart
,
and
to
consider
how
much
more
it
concerneth
thee
then
us
,
and
that
the
benefit
thereof
redoundeth
more
unto
thine
then
to
ours
,
what
our
affections
are
towards
thee
Hierom
the
Vayvod
can
tell
thee
,
&c.
This
Letter
the
Count
well
enough
knew
were
but
an
outward
shew
of
Friendship
,
and
therefore
he
thinking
it
not
good
to
trust
the
Infidel
,
so
long
as
he
had
his
Sword
in
his
hand
,
would
not
so
much
as
dain
to
return
him
an
answer
,
whereupon
he
in
a
great
rage
returned
to
Belgrade
vaunting
that
if
Mahomet
so
Commanded
,
he
would
the
next
year
lay
siege
to
Vienna
,
and
so
much
extol'd
his
exploits
to
the
great
Sultan
,
that
he
commanded
publick
Triumphs
for
the
space
of
four
days
in
Constantinople
,
for
joy
of
his
good
success
in
Stira
,
and
sent
the
proud
Bassa
a
Robe
of
Gold
,
and
a
leaders
Staff
set
wit
Pearl
and
pretious
Stones
.
The
loss
of
Canisia
sore
troubled
the
Christian
insomuch
that
Paradiser
the
Governour
,
who
had
so
tamely
yielded
it
into
the
hands
of
the
Turks
,
coming
to
Vienna
was
there
imprisoned
,
and
many
things
being
proved
against
him
,
his
Ensign
Bearer
,
Lieutenant
,
and
the
Mayor
of
the
Town
,
they
after
many
strict
Examinations
were
at
the
command
of
the
Emperour
executed
.
Notwithstanding
the
death
of
the
Bassa
of
Carramani
in
manner
as
aforesaid
,
the
Rebellion
was
not
altogether
thereby
extinguished
but
secretly
kept
alive
by
the
countenance
of
the
Persian
Sophy
,
so
that
now
it
again
began
as
if
revived
from
its
Embers
to
break
out
into
a
flame
,
and
in
a
trice
swept
away
several
Towns
,
whereupon
Mahomet
sent
to
the
Persian
to
demand
for
the
more
assurance
of
the
League
one
of
his
Sons
as
Hostage
,
which
was
so
evilly
taken
that
the
Sophy
commanded
the
Turks
Ambassador
to
be
slain
,
and
although
that
rigorous
sentence
was
remitted
,
yet
by
the
second
Commandment
of
the
Sophy
he
was
bastinadoed
,
and
in
despite
of
him
that
sent
him
returned
with
great
disgrace
,
the
which
though
it
highly
offended
Mahomet
,
yet
he
finding
himself
at
that
time
not
in
a
condition
to
revenge
it
,
only
blustered
a
little
and
to
prevent
the
worst
,
put
strong
Garrisons
into
his
Frontire
Towns
.
Anno
1601
,
The
Christian
Confederates
brought
a
strong
Army
into
the
Field
,
for
fear
of
which
the
Turkish
General
proposed
many
ofters
of
Peace
,
but
ere
any
was
concluded
,
the
said
General
Ibraim
Bassa
died
,
when
as
the
Christians
not
to
omit
any
opportunity
took
divers
strong
places
,
and
amongst
the
rest
after
a
terrible
battery
,
and
the
loss
of
Eight
Thousand
men
Alba
Regalis
,
one
of
the
chiefest
and
strongest
Cities
of
Hungary
,
into
which
the
furious
Souldiers
entering
through
Streets
of
fire
and
over
heaps
of
the
slain
,
put
all
they
met
to
the
Sword
,
few
or
none
except
the
Bassa
being
taken
to
mercy
,
inriched
themselves
with
a
great
spoil
,
especially
the
Walloons
,
who
spared
not
to
rifle
the
Tombs
of
the
Hungarian
Kings
,
which
barbarity
the
Turks
themselves
had
abstained
from
.
Yet
hardly
was
the
spoil
taken
but
news
came
that
Assan
Bassa
made
General
in
the
stead
of
Ibraim
,
was
coming
with
a
great
Army
to
relieve
it
,
whereupon
Duke
Mercury
drew
out
his
Forces
and
in
a
mortal
Battle
slew
the
Bassa
,
and
most
of
his
men
,
taking
his
rich
Camp
,
and
a
great
number
of
Prisoners
,
and
amongst
the
rest
Fifty
of
the
Rebels
that
fled
from
Papa
,
who
yet
at
the
instance
of
the
said
Duke
were
pardoned
.
The
Christians
hightened
with
this
success
,
were
now
resolved
to
attempt
the
recovery
of
Canisia
from
before
which
(
after
they
had
a
long
time
besieged
it
,
and
layed
open
with
their
furious
battery
several
breaches
,
killing
in
the
several
assaults
a
number
of
Turks
)
they
were
by
the
unseasonableness
of
the
weather
obliged
to
depart
,
to
the
great
grief
of
the
Commanders
,
though
joy
of
the
Souldiers
,
who
through
the
excessive
Cold
that
then
happened
were
become
unserviceable
,
many
of
them
being
frozen
to
Death
in
the
Trenches
.
The
Turks
now
greatly
disinaid
and
almost
driven
out
of
Hungary
,
unhappy
chance
turned
the
Christians
Swords
,
upon
themselves
for
although
Michael
the
Vayvod
of
Valachia
was
reconciled
to
the
Emperour
,
yet
the
Transilvanians
desirous
to
be
Governed
by
Sigismund
their
natural
Prince
,
cast
Basta
the
Emperours
Leiutenant
,
and
by
him
appointed
Governour
of
that
Province
,
into
Irons
;
and
immediately
submitted
themselves
to
Sigismund
,
and
likewise
imprisoned
several
of
the
Nobility
,
whom
they
suspected
to
favour
the
Emperour
,
returning
again
to
the
Turkish
obedience
,
and
this
by
the
contrivance
of
the
Chancelor
of
Polonia
.
Yet
at
the
mediation
of
Friends
Basta
was
set
at
Liberty
;
who
thoroughly
inraged
at
the
disgrace
done
to
him
,
and
the
indignity
offered
thereby
to
the
Emperour
his
Master
,
raised
an
Army
and
joying
with
Michael
the
Vayvod
,
invaded
Transilvania
,
and
in
a
dreadful
Battle
overthrew
Prince
Sigismund
with
great
slaughter
of
his
men
,
upon
which
Claudiopolis
and
divers
other
Cities
of
Transylvania
returned
to
the
Emperours
obedience
.
After
this
great
victory
the
Vayvod
still
envying
at
the
success
of
the
Imperialists
,
and
secretly
grudging
against
Basta
,
by
Letters
held
secret
correspondency
with
the
Bassa
of
Temeswar
,
intending
in
consideration
of
Valachia
,
Moldavia
,
and
Transilvania
,
to
become
the
Turks
Tributary
,
and
by
the
assistance
of
the
Bassa's
drive
out
the
Imperialists
,
to
prevent
which
it
was
agreed
that
he
should
be
sent
Prisoner
to
Vienna
.
In
order
to
which
a
Walloon
Captain
was
sent
into
his
Tent
with
sixty
followers
,
but
he
making
ressistance
was
by
the
said
Captain
slain
,
which
caused
a
great
uproar
amongst
his
Souldiers
,
but
when
they
understood
the
cause
by
Letters
produced
under
his
own
hand
,
their
anger
was
allayed
,
themselves
protesting
that
had
they
known
so
much
they
would
long
before
dispatched
him
.
After
the
Death
of
the
Vayvod
the
Transilvanians
wholly
submitted
to
themselves
to
Basta
.
Yet
continued
not
long
in
that
obedience
ere
stirred
up
by
some
restless
spirits
they
again
Revolted
and
Proclaimed
Sigismund
,
denying
obedience
to
any
other
;
at
which
suddain
mutation
of
this
unstable
people
Basta
not
a
little
troubled
to
prevent
his
being
again
imprisoned
,
(
as
he
had
been
formerly
by
them
,
withdrew
himself
with
his
Followers
,
into
a
strong
Town
on
the
Frontiers
,
from
whence
he
by
Letters
advertized
the
Emperour
of
what
had
happened
,
and
requested
him
to
send
him
speedy
Aid
,
whereby
he
might
be
able
to
reduce
them
to
their
former
obedience
.
During
these
troubles
in
Transylvania
,
the
Turks
taking
the
advantage
did
mischief
in
Hungary
,
yet
were
often
met
with
by
the
Imperialists
,
and
amongst
the
rest
the
Bassa
of
Agria
,
as
he
was
going
to
besiege
Toccaie
with
ten
thousand
Turks
,
who
being
encountered
by
Ferrant
Gonzaga
the
Emperors
Lieutenant
was
overthrown
,
with
the
slaughter
of
almost
all
his
followers
;
nor
was
Mahomet
the
Emperor
less
perplexed
with
the
Carramanian
and
Natolian
Rebels
,
who
now
getting
to
a
great
head
under
the
leading
of
one
Scrivano
,
had
given
several
overthrows
to
his
Bassas
sent
against
them
,
and
spread
their
borders
wide
,
drawing
into
their
Confederacy
all
Asia
the
Lesser
,
and
a
part
of
the
Greater
,
and
at
the
same
time
the
Janizaries
were
in
an
uproar
in
Constantinople
,
threatning
the
Emperor
and
charging
him
with
Cowardise
,
and
the
neglect
of
his
affairs
,
to
appease
whom
Cicala
Bassa
was
obliged
to
bestow
amongst
them
a
great
sum
of
money
,
and
the
Musti
or
chief
Mahometan
Priest
declaring
that
all
these
disorders
happened
,
for
that
Mahomet
their
Prophet
was
offended
at
the
excess
of
wine
that
was
drunk
in
the
City
;
whereupon
Proclamation
was
made
that
upon
pain
of
death
all
those
that
had
any
wine
in
their
houses
,
the
Ambassadors
of
the
Christian
Princes
excepted
,
should
immediately
bring
it
forth
and
stave
it
;
whereupon
such
abundance
was
spilt
,
that
boats
in
the
high
streets
might
have
swam
in
wine
of
all
sorts
.
By
this
time
Basta
having
received
Forces
from
the
Emperor
,
had
so
straitned
the
Transylvanians
,
that
Sigismund
sent
to
offer
him
all
the
Towns
that
were
in
his
possession
,
at
the
time
of
his
being
expelled
Transylvania
,
of
which
offer
Zachel
Moyses
the
Princes
Lieutenant
,
having
notice
,
resolved
not
to
suffer
any
agreement
upon
such
conditions
,
and
therefore
with
the
Forces
under
his
Command
composed
of
Turks
,
Tartars
,
and
Transylvanians
,
he
hasted
to
oppress
Basta
in
his
Camp
,
but
finding
him
as
ready
as
himself
,
a
dreadful
battle
was
fought
between
them
,
wherein
Basta
with
his
Germans
prevailed
,
making
a
great
slaughter
of
the
enemy
;
To
excuse
which
rash
action
Sigismund
sent
several
of
his
Nobility
to
the
Imperial
Camp
,
offering
to
perform
what
ever
he
had
promised
,
and
to
go
in
person
to
the
Emperor
,
which
once
put
in
practise
all
the
Countrey
returned
again
to
the
Emperors
obedience
,
nor
was
Valachia
at
this
time
less
troubled
about
Election
of
a
Vayvod
,
that
Province
being
divided
into
two
Factions
,
the
one
was
for
choosing
Radol
a
Noble
man
,
affecting
the
Emperors
interest
,
and
the
other
for
Electing
Jeremias
,
who
had
promised
to
hold
his
Province
Tributary
of
the
Turk
;
whereupon
many
Battles
were
fought
with
various
success
,
but
in
the
end
Rodolph
assisted
by
the
Emperors
Forces
overthrew
his
competitor
,
and
obtained
a
great
Victory
;
in
which
battle
two
of
the
Turkish
Bassas
were
slain
,
with
all
their
followers
,
and
soon
after
,
having
overthrown
a
great
power
of
the
Tartars
,
he
recovered
the
Principality
;
nor
was
Hungary
free
from
the
Turkish
outrages
,
who
bearing
themselves
upon
their
small
success
,
attempted
to
surprize
Alba
Regalis
,
but
were
by
the
Christians
overthrown
with
great
slaughter
,
and
soon
after
two
hundred
of
their
Waggons
laden
with
provision
and
Amunition
,
was
taken
by
Count
Serinus
,
on
its
way
to
Canisia
,
and
about
the
same
time
took
Ali
Bassa
Governour
of
Pesth
prisoner
,
and
with
him
seventy
thousand
Hungarian
Ducates
,
which
Bassa
for
his
ransom
over
and
above
offered
300000
Sultanies
.
Mahomet
not
a
little
troubled
with
the
continual
news
of
his
Losses
in
Hungary
,
and
resolving
to
revenge
himself
on
the
Christians
sent
Hassau
Bassa
,
with
an
Army
of
one
hundred
and
fifty
thousand
Turks
and
Tartars
,
who
upon
their
arrival
,
passing
the
Danubius
,
laid
siege
to
Alba-Regalis
,
of
which
the
Count
Ysolon
was
Governour
,
when
raising
three
Batteries
,
they
incessantly
thundered
against
the
wall
and
Bulwarks
,
and
was
by
the
Defendants
answered
in
the
same
Language
,
and
by
frequent
Sallies
,
cut
off
a
number
of
the
enemies
,
but
having
all
their
walls
on
the
West
side
beaten
down
,
and
most
of
the
Souldiers
either
killed
or
disabled
,
the
Count
himself
wounded
in
the
thigh
,
their
powder
being
almost
spent
,
and
no
hopes
of
relief
,
they
capitulated
to
deliver
the
Town
upon
condition
that
they
should
depart
thence
with
all
their
Goods
and
be
conducted
in
safety
to
the
neighbouring
Garrison
,
which
was
sworn
to
by
all
the
Turkish
Commanders
;
but
having
once
entred
the
City
,
they
not
only
spoil
and
plunder
it
,
but
destroyed
and
put
to
the
sword
all
the
Souldiers
and
Citizens
,
sparing
none
alive
but
the
Count
himself
,
and
some
few
Captains
,
whom
they
sent
in
Chains
to
Constantinople
,
insomuch
that
the
streets
flowed
with
the
blood
of
three
thousand
Christians
,
in
revenge
of
this
loss
,
the
Lord
Russworm
with
thirty
thousand
men
laid
siege
to
the
strong
City
of
Buda
,
and
took
the
base
Town
,
where
he
got
store
of
Riches
,
and
afterwards
laid
hard
siege
to
the
upper
City
,
but
finding
it
a
work
of
great
difficulty
,
he
resolved
to
turn
his
Forces
upon
Pesth
a
strong
Garrison
lying
on
the
other
side
the
River
,
from
whence
the
Turks
with
their
great
Ordnance
annoyed
his
Army
before
Buda
,
which
place
he
without
much
difficulty
won
,
and
then
again
returned
to
the
siege
of
the
upper
City
of
Buda
,
but
having
lost
eight
thousand
of
his
men
,
and
having
notice
that
the
Tartars
were
at
hand
with
a
great
Army
,
resolving
to
relieve
it
,
he
raised
his
siege
,
having
first
repulsed
the
Vizar
Bassa
before
Pesth
,
with
the
loss
of
half
his
Forces
.
Scrivano
having
rent
the
Turks
Dominions
in
Asia
,
by
taking
from
them
their
principal
Cities
,
fell
sick
,
of
which
sickness
he
dyed
,
to
the
great
grief
of
the
Rebels
,
who
nevertheless
chose
his
younger
brother
to
lead
them
,
who
soon
after
in
a
great
battle
overthrew
the
Turkish
Army
,
that
was
sent
against
him
,
under
the
leading
of
Hassau
Bassa
,
and
slew
the
Bassa
himself
,
together
with
almost
all
his
followers
;
whereupon
Mahomet
doubting
his
Empire
in
Asia
,
was
obliged
to
withdraw
his
Forces
out
of
Hungary
,
yet
incited
the
Tartars
by
frequent
inroads
to
busie
the
Imperialists
,
till
he
could
be
at
leisure
to
return
his
Captains
with
a
greater
power
,
who
according
to
their
wonted
mischievous
natures
committed
sundry
outrage
,
burning
and
destroying
all
in
their
way
,
but
in
the
end
were
most
of
them
cut
off
by
the
Christians
against
whose
joynt
Forces
,
they
were
no
wayes
able
to
stand
,
as
being
rather
inured
to
spoil
than
fight
.
Anno
1603
The
Turks
in
the
several
Garrisons
roaming
abroad
in
the
depth
of
winter
,
when
Danubius
it self
was
frozen
over
,
committed
many
outrages
in
Hungaria
,
but
in
their
return
,
being
met
by
Colonel
Coblonitz
,
a
great
number
of
them
were
cut
in
pieces
,
and
all
the
booty
recovered
,
so
that
for
want
of
Victuals
Buda
was
greatly
distressed
,
but
see
again
the
change
of
fortune
,
for
the
Turks
coming
out
of
Buda
upon
the
Frozen
River
,
braving
the
Garrison
of
Pesth
,
the
Souldiers
sallyed
out
upon
them
,
but
being
overpowred
were
two
hundred
of
them
slain
,
yet
this
loss
was
shortly
revenged
by
the
Garrison
Souldiers
,
who
surprizing
several
of
the
Turkish
Nobility
,
sporting
with
their
wives
in
the
hot
Baths
not
far
from
Buda
,
put
all
the
men
to
the
sword
,
and
suffered
the
women
to
escape
naked
into
the
City
,
to
whose
flight
,
fear
added
wings
,
and
so
with
the
spoil
of
their
rich
garments
returned
in
Triumph
,
but
want
of
Victuals
increasing
,
they
were
obliged
to
feed
upon
all
manner
of
unclean
things
,
when
at
the
same
time
their
neighbours
of
Buda
having
received
a
great
Convoy
of
Victuals
,
derided
them
,
and
sent
three
or
four
thundering
Peals
of
Cannon
over
the
river
against
the
Town
,
but
their
mirth
was
soon
spoiled
,
for
by
the
carelessness
of
the
Engenier
several
barrels
of
Powder
taking
fire
not
only
killed
a
great
number
of
them
,
but
likewise
overthrew
four
yards
of
their
Wall
,
and
thus
the
Winter
passed
over
with
many
skirmishes
,
and
the
taking
of
several
places
in
Hungary
on
either
side
;
When
early
in
the
Spring
the
new
Vayvod
of
Valachia
over
run
the
rich
Countrey
of
Silistria
,
reducing
the
greatest
part
of
it
to
his
obedience
,
and
soon
after
Colloninitz
gave
the
Turks
another
great
overthrow
,
and
took
a
great
booty
on
its
way
to
Canisia
,
and
afterwards
laid
siege
to
Baboz
,
but
finding
it
strongly
Garrisoned
,
and
furnished
for
a
long
siege
,
he
withdrew
from
before
it
,
yet
he
surprized
many
of
the
Turks
and
intercepted
several
Waggons
laden
with
provision
,
about
which
time
news
came
that
the
Janizaries
were
up
in
Arms
at
Constantinople
,
as
likewise
Sphai
,
and
that
they
committed
several
outrages
on
the
Bassas
,
and
spared
not
to
abuse
their
master
,
telling
him
they
would
(
seeing
he
neglected
to
)
reform
his
Government
,
swearing
that
unless
he
would
deliver
into
their
power
the
Capi
Aga
,
and
such
others
as
they
should
require
,
they
would
turn
all
into
confusion
,
which
threats
so
scared
the
Pusillanimous
Tyrant
that
he
was
contented
to
yield
to
their
demands
,
who
having
got
those
Favorites
they
most
inveighed
against
,
they
with
all
despight
put
them
to
death
;
whereupon
the
Tyrant
not
to
be
outdone
in
cruelty
,
caused
several
of
the
Bassa's
and
chief
men
of
his
Court
,
whom
he
knew
the
Souldiers
affected
,
to
be
slain
,
which
caused
such
a
hatred
against
him
,
that
many
of
his
great
Bassa's
conspired
to
depose
him
,
and
set
up
his
son
Mahomet
in
his
stead
,
which
they
were
the
more
animated
to
put
in
practice
,
for
that
he
had
at
the
same
time
made
a
dishonourable
peace
with
the
Asian
Rebels
,
giving
most
of
their
ring-leaders
great
Commands
,
whilst
those
that
had
faithfully
served
him
were
rejected
,
of
which
intent
of
his
men
of
war
,
the
Tyrant
having
notice
,
caused
his
son
,
and
so
many
as
he
could
understand
were
any
wayes
concerned
therein
to
be
put
to
death
.
These
things
happening
in
the
foregoing
year
,
the
year
following
the
Tartars
in
great
numbers
intending
to
invade
Hungary
,
were
denyed
passage
by
the
Polonians
,
whereupon
they
resolved
to
make
their
way
through
Valachia
,
with
whom
the
Vayvod
had
many
hard
conflicts
,
killing
at
one
time
three
thousand
of
them
,
but
their
number
being
great
,
he
was
forced
at
length
to
let
them
pass
;
who
upon
their
arrival
in
Hungary
and
Stira
,
made
great
spoil
e'r
Collonitz
could
take
the
field
,
who
at
length
joyning
with
Count
Serinus
,
gave
them
a
fatal
overthrow
,
and
recovered
about
five
thousand
Christian
Captives
;
yet
those
that
escaped
from
the
battle
roving
about
did
great
harm
,
till
such
time
as
they
were
met
with
by
the
Lord
Nadasti
and
his
Hassars
,
who
with
a
furious
charge
overset
their
battle
,
and
brought
them
to
final
destruction
,
when
soon
after
Collonitz
returning
fell
upon
Two
Thousand
Turks
all
or
most
of
which
he
slew
,
and
then
passing
on
besieged
the
Castle
of
Loqua
which
in
a
short
time
he
took
,
but
by
neglect
of
the
Soldiers
injoyed
not
long
,
for
the
Palizadoes
being
fired
set
fire
to
the
Castle
and
laid
it
wast
.
After
which
he
marched
towards
the
Castle
of
Boulouvenar
,
upon
whose
approach
the
Garrison
fled
,
but
in
their
flight
being
met
were
overthrown
with
great
slaughter
,
and
such
as
were
taken
Prisoners
together
with
all
their
substance
brought
back
to
the
Castle
,
into
which
the
Collonel
having
put
Four
Hundred
Haducks
,
and
Two
Hundred
Hussars
,
returned
to
Comara
,
where
with
a
great
Booty
he
arrived
in
safety
.
Turning
a
little
from
the
troubles
of
Hungary
,
a
Countrey
subject
to
the
continual
Inroads
of
the
Turks
,
I
shall
return
to
Transilvania
,
which
by
this
time
was
for
the
most
part
reduced
to
the
Emperours
obedience
.
For
Moyses
the
Rebel
after
his
being
overthrown
by
Basta
,
doubting
his
safety
in
the
Castle
of
Solemose
,
delivered
it
to
the
Turks
and
fled
to
Temeswar
,
a
City
in
their
possession
of
which
Basta
the
Emperours
Leiutenant
having
notice
resolved
to
recover
the
Castle
,
which
the
Turks
supposed
impregnable
by
reason
of
its
scituation
,
as
being
founded
upon
a
steep
and
hard
Rock
,
but
the
Germans
having
by
strength
of
Arms
drawn
their
Cannon
to
the
top
of
a
little
Hill
,
not
far
distant
from
it
,
after
a
terrible
battery
made
had
it
delivered
to
them
,
the
Turks
well
perceiving
they
were
no
longer
able
to
keep
it
.
This
strong
place
thus
gained
many
of
less
account
that
held
out
against
Basta
surrendered
,
whereupon
assembling
the
principal
men
of
Transilvania
,
he
in
a
short
Oration
admonished
them
to
be
stedfast
to
the
interest
of
the
Emperour
,
and
not
to
have
any
regard
to
the
faithless
and
wavering
Turks
,
&c.
To
which
they
replyed
,
That
they
were
willing
to
obey
the
Emperour
in
all
things
,
but
that
their
people
in
continual
Wars
being
wasted
,
they
desired
him
to
consider
how
little
able
they
were
to
keep
an
Army
in
the
Field
,
without
which
the
Countrey
could
not
be
defended
;
but
if
the
Emperour
would
protect
them
,
and
secure
them
with
a
standing
Army
,
they
would
yearly
pay
towards
the
defraying
of
the
charges
Fifteen
Thousand
Hungarian
Ducats
,
and
furnish
them
with
all
things
necessary
.
It
being
a
thing
more
Honourable
and
Profitable
for
a
Prince
moderately
to
use
his
Subjects
,
then
for
covetousness
to
devour
them
in
one
day
,
and
in
their
loss
to
lose
himself
for
ever
.
This
their
offer
was
by
Basta
accepted
,
and
the
minds
of
the
people
by
many
perswasive
arguments
kept
in
their
dutiful
Allegiance
to
the
Emperour
.
But
whilst
peace
was
expected
on
all
sides
Moyses
the
Rebel
,
with
a
great
power
of
Turks
and
Tartars
entered
Transilvania
,
at
such
time
as
Basta
was
absent
dreaming
of
no
such
matter
,
and
seizing
upon
Wisceborongh
,
some
other
places
of
small
importance
,
his
name
began
to
spread
wide
.
Insomuch
that
Mahomet
the
Sultan
understanding
what
he
had
done
,
promised
to
send
him
more
Aid
,
and
to
make
him
his
Leiutenant
if
he
prospered
in
his
Wars
,
which
puffed
up
the
Rebel
to
that
height
that
hearing
of
Basta
being
with
small
Forces
in
the
Town
of
Somosinar
,
he
resolved
to
march
thither
and
besiege
him
,
but
that
experienced
Captain
knowing
how
much
it
impaired
the
credit
of
a
General
,
to
be
inclosed
within
Walls
,
upon
notice
of
his
approach
,
after
he
had
put
that
place
in
a
posture
of
defence
departed
thence
,
and
after
having
received
a
supply
of
eight
Thousand
men
from
the
Vayvod
of
Valachia
,
he
went
to
oppose
the
Torrent
,
but
ere
he
could
prevent
it
the
City
of
Claudinople
fell
into
the
Rebels
hands
,
who
used
the
Citizens
with
all
manner
of
cruelties
.
Yet
at
length
meeting
with
them
before
he
was
aware
,
fell
into
their
danger
,
not
expecting
them
to
be
above
half
the
number
,
he
found
them
so
that
he
not
exceeding
Nine
Thousand
,
and
the
Rebels
not
less
then
Thirty
Thousand
,
when
he
had
done
all
that
became
a
valiant
Souldier
retired
in
good
order
,
leaving
his
Baggage
,
Tents
,
and
Artilery
with
the
dead
Bodies
of
One
Thousand
of
his
men
as
prey
to
the
Conquerours
;
but
they
more
greedy
of
the
spoil
then
to
pursue
him
,
fell
to
plundering
the
Tents
with
such
eagerness
,
that
he
thereof
advertized
,
and
turning
his
recollected
Forces
suddainly
upon
them
,
who
dreamed
of
nothing
less
entered
amongst
them
unarmed
as
they
were
,
every
one
with
his
hands
full
of
spoiles
,
made
such
a
slaughter
that
scarcely
a
third
part
of
them
escaped
,
so
that
by
their
carelessness
within
less
then
four
hours
,
the
vanquishers
were
vanquished
and
amongst
the
slain
fell
Moyses
himself
,
whose
head
was
after
fixed
upon
a
Launce
and
set
up
upon
the
Walls
of
Carolstadt
.
This
Rebellion
suppressed
another
Rebel
aided
by
the
Turks
Tartars
and
Cossacks
to
the
number
of
Six
Thousand
,
made
head
about
Lippa
,
but
Three
Thousand
Haducks
being
sent
out
against
him
,
his
Forces
were
defeated
and
himself
,
for
the
safety
of
his
own
Life
glad
to
fly
,
after
which
good
success
One
Hundred
of
the
Rebels
Insignes
,
and
the
Horse
on
which
Moyses
fought
,
traped
richly
with
Gold
and
Pretious
Stones
were
as
a
grateful
present
sent
to
the
Emperour
,
and
afterward
the
Army
under
the
Command
of
Basta
,
being
increased
to
Twenty
Thousand
,
he
with
Five
and
Twenty
pieces
of
Cannon
marched
to
besiege
Temeswar
,
but
ere
he
long
had
lain
before
it
,
by
his
Souldiers
eating
of
green
Fruit
,
the
Bloody
Flux
raged
so
in
his
Camp
,
that
death
triumphing
every
where
over
his
men
he
was
forced
to
depart
.
Spring
being
come
the
Christian
Army
in
Hungaria
being
Five
and
Thirty
Thousand
strong
took
the
Field
,
under
the
Command
of
the
Lord
Rusworm
,
who
having
carefully
provided
for
the
several
Garrisons
incamped
near
to
Pesth
at
what
time
an
Army
of
One
Hundred
Thousand
Turks
shewed
it self
on
the
other
side
the
Danubius
,
for
fear
of
which
several
of
the
Garrison
Souldiers
of
Pesth
fled
over
to
Buda
,
and
there
were
highly
entertained
by
the
Bassa
,
who
thought
to
use
them
as
decoys
to
train
their
fellows
over
,
but
this
project
failed
though
at
that
time
their
wants
were
great
,
though
not
long
,
for
in
spight
of
the
Turks
endeavours
to
hinder
them
,
two
Convoys
of
Provision
and
other
necessaries
,
the
one
by
Water
,
and
the
other
by
Land
were
brought
thither
,
at
what
time
a
Turkish
Captain
upon
some
displeasure
flying
from
Alba
Regalis
to
Rab
,
informed
the
Governour
that
if
he
would
march
thither
he
would
shew
him
an
easie
way
to
surprize
the
Suburbs
if
not
the
City
it self
,
whereupon
the
Christian
Souldiers
giving
credit
to
the
Infidel
by
his
direction
succeeded
in
taking
the
Suburb
as
they
wished
,
and
in
it
a
great
Booty
,
but
despairing
in
any
further
advantage
returned
with
great
joy
to
Rab.
The
Rebels
in
Asia
being
again
in
Arms
,
Mahomet
finding
himself
not
strong
enough
to
suppress
them
by
Force
,
laboured
by
his
Ambassadors
to
reconcile
them
offering
such
advantagious
terms
of
peace
as
should
to
all
men
seem
reasonable
,
but
they
not
caring
to
trust
the
Tyrant
rejected
his
offers
and
would
have
no
peace
,
whereupon
what
the
Infidels
refused
he
thought
fit
to
offer
to
the
Christians
,
but
on
this
side
he
demands
so
unreasonable
(
viz.
that
in
consideration
of
his
delivering
up
Agria
and
Canisia
he
might
have
Transilvania
,
Strigonium
and
Pesth
)
that
the
Emperour
would
not
accord
to
any
peace
upon
such
terms
,
so
that
the
treaty
broke
off
,
upon
which
Hostilities
that
for
a
while
ceased
began
afresh
,
so
that
Collonitz
with
Six
Thousand
Imperialists
falling
upon
the
Rear
of
the
Turks
Army
,
cut
off
seven
Hundred
men
,
taking
a
great
spoil
and
many
Prisoners
,
amongst
whom
was
Saxur
Beg
,
a
man
of
great
repute
amongst
the
Turks
,
who
upon
Examination
confessed
the
design
Hassan
Bassa
had
to
besiege
Strigonium
,
and
Pesth
,
and
the
number
of
Turks
and
Tartars
that
were
daily
expected
to
joyn
him
,
of
which
General
Rusworm
being
informed
,
as
also
of
the
state
of
the
Turks
Army
,
and
also
that
upon
some
discontent
the
Tartars
were
returned
into
their
own
Countrey
,
to
the
great
weakening
of
the
Bassa's
Forces
,
wherefore
to
prevent
their
putting
a
Convoy
into
Buda
,
he
caused
several
Forts
to
be
built
,
and
permitting
the
Turks
to
pass
ever
the
Danubius
by
a
Bridge
trained
them
into
an
Ambush
layed
in
the
Flags
and
Osiers
for
that
purpose
,
so
that
with
little
loss
on
the
part
of
the
Christians
,
10000
Turks
were
slain
,
drowned
in
the
River
,
and
taken
Prisoners
;
so
that
a
great
booty
consisting
of
eighteen
Ensigns
,
two
Cornets
,
four
Brass
peices
,
much
rich
Armour
,
and
many
Waggons
loaden
with
Provision
fell
into
the
hands
of
the
Christians
,
whereby
the
Turks
were
so
much
discouraged
that
they
for
a
long
while
attempted
nothing
.
Affairs
standing
thus
in
Hungary
,
Asia
was
still
in
a
flame
,
especially
upon
the
revolt
of
one
of
Mahomets
great
Bassa's
,
whom
he
had
despightfully
deposed
from
being
General
,
of
which
confusion
the
Persian
King
taking
the
advantage
,
layed
siege
to
Tauris
a
strong
City
,
taken
by
Amurath
from
his
Father
,
as
is
before-mentioned
,
the
which
by
the
Aid
of
several
Christians
,
after
a
terrible
battery
made
against
it
he
took
,
so
that
the
Turk
on
every
side
beset
,
was
greatly
perplexed
in
mind
not
knowing
which
way
to
turn
himself
,
nor
fared
he
better
by
Sea
for
the
Asian
Rebels
,
under
pretence
of
a
reconciliation
and
transporting
themselves
into
Europe
to
serve
him
in
Hungaria
,
seized
upon
many
of
his
Gallies
sent
to
Transport
them
,
as
also
the
great
Duke
of
Florence's
Admiral
meeting
with
Amurat
Rais
an
old
Pirate
and
Mahomets
Admiral
overthrew
his
squadron
of
Gallies
,
taking
some
and
sinking
others
,
so
that
few
escaped
:
and
his
great
Army
in
Hungary
after
the
loss
of
Thirty
Thousand
Men
in
divers
conflicts
with
the
Christian
,
atchieving
nothing
worth
mention
,
except
putting
a
Convoy
of
Victuals
into
Buda
,
returned
to
Belgrade
under
the
covert
of
darkness
,
in
manner
of
a
fearful
flight
which
was
no
sooner
perceived
by
the
Lord
Rusworm
who
had
often
in
vain
urged
the
Bassa
to
fight
,
but
he
sent
his
Light
Horsemen
to
pursue
them
who
cutting
off
the
Rearmost
for
many
Miles
,
returned
with
a
considerable
booty
,
after
which
he
layed
siege
to
Hatvan
,
and
had
it
(
after
several
fierce
assaults
delivered
into
his
possession
,
the
Garrison
and
Citizens
,
as
it
was
agreed
on
marching
out
were
conducted
by
certain
Troops
of
Hussars
to
Solvock
,
when
having
put
a
strong
Garrison
into
it
,
and
relieved
such
other
places
as
he
thought
convenient
,
and
now
the
depth
of
Winter
coming
on
he
broke
up
his
Army
,
sending
as
a
certain
token
of
several
successful
exploits
sixty
four
of
the
Turks
Ensigns
,
to
the
Arch
Duke
Matthias
,
so
that
till
the
next
Spring
nothing
of
moment
happened
.
No
sooner
was
the
frozen
Earth
freed
from
the
cold
embraces
of
Winter
,
but
new
stirs
began
in
Transilvania
as
likewise
in
Moldavia
,
where
the
Tartars
in
great
number
destroying
the
Countrey
were
overthrown
,
and
almost
all
of
them
slain
;
at
what
time
Zellali
the
chief
of
the
Asian
Rebels
whom
Mahomet
by
great
rewards
had
allured
to
his
interest
,
entered
the
Kingdom
of
Bosna
with
a
great
power
of
his
followers
,
where
having
trained
Zeffer
Bassa
the
Governour
thereof
into
his
danger
,
he
set
upon
him
and
slew
most
of
his
men
,
and
seized
upon
the
Kingdom
,
upon
notice
of
which
Mahomet
in
a
great
rage
sent
his
Letters
to
him
,
commanding
him
forthwith
to
repair
to
Constantinople
,
but
he
not
thinking
it
convenient
to
trust
the
Tyrant
with
his
head
,
he
returned
for
answer
that
he
was
already
possessed
of
the
Kingdom
promised
him
for
his
service
,
and
that
he
as
a
Loyal
Subject
would
keep
it
to
his
behoof
,
with
which
answer
Mahomet
was
forced
to
content
himself
,
as
fearing
that
if
he
should
go
about
to
expulse
him
by
force
he
would
revolt
to
the
Christian
Emperour
,
and
so
prove
a
more
dangerous
Enemy
to
him
in
Europe
then
he
had
done
in
Asia
.
Wherefore
to
prevent
the
worst
he
resolved
if
he
could
obtain
such
conditions
as
might
sute
with
his
greatness
to
have
Peace
with
the
Emperour
,
in
order
to
which
Commissioners
met
at
Buda
,
and
many
Presents
were
given
and
received
on
either
side
,
the
Turks
expressing
great
joy
for
the
hopes
they
conceived
,
that
at
length
they
should
rest
from
the
toils
of
War
but
after
many
proposals
on
either
side
,
the
demands
of
the
Turkish
Sultan
was
so
unreasonable
that
nothing
was
concluded
,
so
that
after
a
short
truce
Hostilities
began
afresh
,
when
as
the
Turks
seeking
to
wast
Valachia
were
with
great
slaughter
by
the
Vayvod
overthrown
,
at
what
time
the
Lord
Nadasti
the
Valiant
and
Renowned
Captain
of
the
Christians
died
,
to
the
grief
of
all
the
Confederate
Princes
there
not
being
a
man
left
whose
Council
,
and
Conduct
in
Martial
affaires
equalled
his
,
but
this
grief
was
somewhat
alayed
upon
certain
News
that
Mahomet
the
great
Sultan
was
likewise
departed
this
Life
,
dying
about
the
latter
end
of
January
,
Anno
1604.
When
he
had
lived
44
years
,
and
thereof
Reigned
8
,
being
altogether
pusillanimous
and
given
up
to
pleasure
,
and
lyes
buried
in
a
Chappel
of
white
Marble
at
Constantinople
,
near
to
the
Church
of
St.
Sophia
;
in
whose
stead
Achm●●
his
Third
Son
was
saluted
by
reason
of
the
death
of
his
two
Elder
Brethren
,
one
of
which
was
strangled
by
the
Commandment
of
his
unnatural
Father
and
the
other
very
young
died
a
natural
death
.
CHAP.
XVIII
.
The
Life
of
Achmat
the
Eighth
Emperour
of
the
Turks
,
and
first
of
that
Name
.
UPon
the
death
of
Mahomet
the
Third
his
Son
Achmat
then
but
fifteen
years
of
Age
,
was
by
the
great
Bassa's
and
men
of
War
saluted
Emperor
,
having
purchased
the
good
will
of
the
latter
at
two
Millions
and
a
half
of
Aspers
;
upon
which
after
he
was
solemnly
Crowned
,
he
sent
Ambassadors
to
the
King
of
Persia
,
as
he
likewise
did
to
the
Emperor
,
but
according
to
the
proud
humour
of
his
Predecessors
his
demands
were
so
unreasonable
,
that
they
would
not
be
accorded
to
,
neither
in
Europe
nor
Asia
,
whereupon
the
Turks
ere
the
Treaty
was
ended
with
the
Emperour
,
under
pretence
of
Friendship
indeavoured
to
surprize
Pesth
,
but
by
the
vigilancy
of
the
Garrison
Souldiers
were
put
by
their
purpose
,
which
Treacherous
dealing
made
manifest
the
Treaty
was
utterly
broken
off
,
whereupon
great
preparations
were
made
for
War
on
either
side
,
during
which
time
the
Persian
King
was
not
idle
,
prosecuting
his
Wars
had
recovered
almost
all
that
the
Turks
had
taken
from
his
Predecessors
.
Yet
the
Turks
lessened
his
victory
,
and
the
more
to
amuse
the
Christians
spread
a
false
report
,
that
near
unto
Babylon
his
Army
was
overthrown
,
and
himself
taken
Prisoner
,
not
forgeting
to
magnifie
the
Forces
of
their
Emperour
,
who
indeed
for
his
years
was
very
active
in
the
affairs
of
Government
though
cruel
withal
towards
his
own
Subjects
,
and
farther
they
gave
it
out
that
at
once
he
intended
to
invade
with
puissant
Armies
,
both
Hungary
and
Persia
;
purposing
to
annex
them
to
the
Ottoman
Empire
:
but
these
great
words
(
though
in
truth
the
Christians
were
more
negligent
in
their
preparations
then
the
occasion
required
)
proved
but
Air.
But
leaving
the
Turks
awhile
I
shall
survey
the
miseries
of
the
once
fertile
Countrey
of
Transylvania
,
which
now
through
civil
discord
amongst
themselves
,
and
Rebellion
against
the
Emperour
was
so
spoiled
,
that
Famine
coming
fast
on
them
for
want
of
the
Earths
due
increase
,
it
by
long
continuance
reduced
them
to
that
extremity
that
the
Peasants
and
poorer
sort
of
people
,
having
eaten
up
for
dainties
all
the
Dogs
,
Cats
,
Mice
,
Rats
,
and
live
Horses
,
fell
to
eating
such
starved
Beasts
as
through
want
they
found
to
have
perished
in
the
Woods
and
Fields
,
and
at
length
when
nothing
was
left
they
fed
upon
human
flesh
,
men
eating
men
,
and
Women
their
Children
;
yea
Thieves
and
Malefactors
hauged
for
their
Villanies
,
were
by
the
miserable
people
cut
down
and
eaten
,
to
remedy
which
the
Emperour
caused
to
be
assembled
the
States
of
the
Province
,
wherein
it
was
accorded
that
all
Hostilities
set
apart
,
the
Gentlemen
of
Transilvania
having
by
their
Rebellion
forfeited
their
Lives
and
Lands
should
be
pardoned
as
to
Life
,
with
three
fourth
parts
of
their
Lands
reserved
unto
them
,
and
that
for
ready
money
they
might
of
the
Emperour
redeem
the
fourth
part
,
but
concerning
the
moveables
of
such
as
were
dead
in
the
time
of
trouble
,
and
already
confiscated
to
the
Emperour
,
they
should
so
remain
,
and
that
they
should
pay
their
tenths
of
their
Wines
and
Fruits
to
the
Emperour
,
and
that
no
other
then
the
Romish
Religion
should
be
exercised
in
that
Province
,
and
that
Clausenburg
and
Cronstad
should
within
three
weeks
after
pay
the
one
Twenty
Thousand
Dollars
,
and
the
other
Eight
Thousand
,
and
that
the
Governours
of
those
Towns
should
put
their
Keys
into
the
hands
of
the
Emperours
Leiutenant
.
And
lastly
,
That
the
Gentlemen
who
would
not
be
accounted
in
the
number
of
the
Rebels
,
should
for
the
safety
of
their
persons
take
Letters
of
Pardon
from
the
said
Lieutenant
.
This
pacification
gave
som●
little
hopes
to
the
distressed
Transylvanians
,
but
I
lasted
not
long
,
for
the
Nobility
weary
of
the
German
yoke
soon
revolted
from
the
Emperours
o●●●●ence
,
and
again
took
up
Arms
,
which
plunged
them
into
their
former
miseries
;
wherein
for
a
while
I
must
leave
them
and
return
again
to
the
Turkish
affaires
.
The
several
Hostilities
having
banished
all
hopes
of
Peace
,
several
skirmishes
passed
between
the
Christians
and
Turks
,
in
which
the
latter
were
for
the
most
part
put
to
the
worst
,
and
had
been
more
distressed
had
not
the
Imperial
Souldiers
mutined
,
and
for
want
of
pay
spoiled
the
Countrey
of
Austria
even
within
the
sight
of
Vienna
,
the
Suburbs
of
which
City
they
had
sacked
,
had
not
the
Governour
come
against
them
with
a
great
power
,
and
forced
them
to
lay
down
their
Arms
,
causing
the
Ring-leaders
to
be
punished
with
death
and
imprisonment
.
But
whilst
these
things
were
doing
Zellaly
was
driven
out
of
Bosna
,
by
Zeffer
Bassa
sent
in
order
thereto
by
the
Sultan
with
a
great
power
,
yet
the
better
to
calm
his
high
Spirit
,
and
to
make
the
Asian
Rebels
have
a
better
opinion
of
the
young
Emperour
,
he
was
made
Governour
of
Temeswar
,
and
so
became
a
mortal
Enemy
to
the
Christians
,
his
first
undertaking
being
to
surprize
Lippa
,
but
therein
found
such
bad
success
,
that
he
hardly
recovered
his
own
Garrison
,
leaving
most
of
his
men
dead
behind
him
,
and
soon
after
a
terrible
fire
happening
in
Canisia
layed
it
almost
wast
,
firing
the
Magazine
of
Powder
and
blowing
up
the
Cittadel
,
Towers
,
Houses
,
and
Wall
,
so
that
had
any
forces
of
the
Christians
been
near
in
that
General
consternation
,
they
might
easily
have
surprized
it
,
after
which
lost
the
Turks
sustained
another
for
Two
Hundred
of
the
Garrison
of
Buda
,
going
abroad
to
forrage
,
were
by
the
sallying
of
the
Garrison
of
Pesth
all
cut
off
.
During
these
stirs
the
restless
Transylvanians
having
called
to
their
assistance
divers
Turks
and
Tartars
,
had
seized
upon
several
strong
places
,
driving
out
the
Imperial
Garrisons
to
repress
whose
insolency
Basta
sent
the
Haducks
,
under
the
leading
of
Horwal
their
Captain
,
who
lying
in
ambush
for
them
who
were
but
few
in
number
,
and
easily
overthrown
,
as
being
by
Famine
bereaved
of
their
strength
,
they
were
most
of
them
put
to
the
Sword
;
after
which
the
Haducks
robbed
the
poor
Villagers
at
their
pleasure
,
killing
such
as
refused
to
contribute
to
their
greedy
desires
.
So
that
all
was
again
reduced
to
the
same
extremity
as
before
,
and
when
the
said
Captain
was
by
the
Leiutenant
Commanded
to
restrain
his
men
from
committing
any
more
such
outrages
,
he
answered
,
that
it
was
impossible
to
keep
Souldiers
in
order
amidst
extremity
of
Famine
,
for
that
the
belly
was
an
inexorable
usurer
,
which
took
pitty
upon
nothing
but
with
great
rigor
exacted
that
which
it
thought
due
for
the
nourishment
of
it self
.
The
Forces
of
the
Christians
increasing
in
Hungary
,
the
Bassa
of
Buda
to
retard
their
proceeding
made
many
fair
shews
of
the
great
desires
his
Lord
the
Emperor
had
of
peace
,
and
the
better
to
make
it
be
believed
,
he
wrote
a
dissembling
letter
signifying
as
much
to
the
Governour
of
Strigonium
,
but
his
fair
Glozing
was
not
of
force
to
lull
the
Christians
into
a
security
;
which
hypocrisie
of
the
Bassa's
soon
after
appeared
by
his
surprising
Simnin
,
a
Castle
held
by
the
Christians
,
upon
the
banks
of
the
Danubius
,
and
setting
it
on
fire
.
The
Persian
King
having
joyned
hands
with
Caracas
the
chief
Leader
of
the
Rebels
,
a
man
of
great
power
,
in
a
set
Battle
overthrew
Cicala
Bassa
,
with
the
loss
of
almost
all
his
Turks
,
taking
the
Bassas
son
prisoner
,
by
secret
Messengers
invited
the
bordering
Nations
to
revolt
from
the
Turkish
obedience
,
to
prevent
which
,
the
same
Bassa
was
with
another
huge
Army
sent
into
those
parts
,
where
in
a
short
space
,
he
received
two
several
overthrows
,
in
which
,
besides
what
he
lost
in
the
first
battle
,
seventy
thousand
Turks
perished
;
so
that
now
the
Terror
the
Persian
breathed
even
upon
Constantinople
it self
,
having
over-run
the
greatest
part
of
the
Turks
Dominions
in
Asia
,
at
what
time
Achmat
fell
sick
of
the
small
Pox
at
Constantinople
,
and
hardly
recovered
,
when
during
the
time
of
his
sickness
it
was
agreed
amongst
the
Bassas
that
his
brother
Mustapha
the
only
surviver
of
the
Ottoman
family
if
he
had
dyed
,
should
have
been
taken
out
of
the
Seraglio
,
where
he
remained
no
better
then
a
prisoner
,
and
have
been
proclaimed
Emperor
,
nor
would
the
Souldiers
believe
but
that
he
was
dead
,
till
such
time
as
he
recovering
his
strength
,
rode
for
their
better
satisfaction
through
most
of
the
Principal
streets
of
the
Imperial
City
of
Constantinople
.
The
Persian
still
prevailing
,
and
it
being
rumoured
,
that
he
advanced
apace
at
the
head
of
one
hundred
thousand
fighting
men
,
to
whom
Bagages
the
discontented
Bassa
had
joyned
himself
,
Achmat
sent
Hassan
Bassa
his
General
to
maintain
the
wars
in
Hungary
,
and
Cicala
Bassa
(
notwithstanding
he
had
been
thrice
overthrown
)
against
the
Persian
and
Asian
Rebels
;
but
amidst
his
great
preparation
the
Tartarian
Cham
sent
him
word
that
he
could
not
come
to
his
assistance
in
person
,
but
that
he
would
send
his
son
with
a
great
power
into
Hungary
,
(
now
the
reason
that
this
great
Monarch
is
so
ready
at
all
times
to
serve
the
Turk
,
is
for
that
they
often
interchange
in
Marriages
,
and
that
if
the
Ottoman
family
fail
,
the
Empire
descends
to
the
Tartar
Cham
,
and
lastly
,
which
indeed
is
the
greatest
motive
,
by
reason
of
the
large
Pension
that
Prince
living
in
a
needy
Country
receives
yearly
from
the
Turkish
Emperor
.
)
To
oppose
the
Turks
and
Tartars
,
Rodolphus
the
Emperor
sent
Maximilian
his
nephew
in
the
quality
of
an
Ambassador
to
the
Pope
and
Princes
of
Italy
,
to
crave
aid
,
who
upon
his
arrival
at
Rome
,
was
honourably
received
,
and
after
having
finished
his
negotiation
,
sent
back
with
many
presents
and
a
full
assurance
of
a
speedy
supply
,
the
Pope
for
his
part
having
promised
out
of
his
Treasury
150000
Crowns
,
to
be
paid
towards
the
defraying
the
charges
of
the
war
,
in
which
he
was
not
less
then
his
word
;
but
by
this
time
the
Tartars
being
upontheir
march
towards
Hungary
,
(
where
Hassan
Bassa
was
with
a
great
power
of
Turks
arrived
)
and
denyed
passage
through
Polonia
,
brake
violently
into
Valachia
,
miserably
spoiling
and
destroying
the
Country
,
to
abate
whose
fury
the
Valachians
aided
by
Bastas
Forces
still
following
them
in
the
rear
,
cut
off
a
great
number
of
them
,
yet
at
length
they
passed
into
Hungary
,
and
there
joyned
the
Bassas
Forces
,
whereupon
(
after
severall
skirmishes
,
and
the
taking
of
some
(
not
important
)
places
on
both
sides
)
he
set
down
with
all
his
power
before
Strigonium
,
to
prevent
whose
intrenching
,
the
Christians
Sallyed
out
,
killing
many
of
them
,
and
driving
the
rest
from
their
works
,
upon
news
of
which
siege
,
Basta
taking
a
new
oath
of
the
Transylvanians
,
came
with
all
his
Forces
to
endeavour
its
Relief
,
who
upon
his
arrival
confronted
the
enemy
,
and
raising
a
huge
Fort
of
Earth
,
not
far
from
their
Camp
,
from
thence
with
several
Pieces
of
Cannon
greatly
annoyed
them
,
so
that
what
with
continual
sallyes
of
the
besieged
,
and
the
skirmishes
Bastas
Souldiers
had
with
them
after
a
tedious
siege
,
and
the
loss
of
twenty
thousand
men
,
the
haughty
Bassa
raised
his
Camp
,
and
departed
towards
Buda
,
Basta
still
following
them
,
and
cutting
off
a
great
number
of
such
as
marched
in
the
rear
,
and
took
several
prisoners
of
note
,
yet
such
was
the
fera
,
that
the
Turks
brought
upon
Hatvan
,
during
their
besieging
Strigonium
that
the
Garrison
abandoned
it
,
carrying
with
them
all
their
moveables
,
and
several
Pieces
of
Cannon
,
though
the
Turks
had
attempted
nothing
against
it
.
During
these
troubles
in
Hungary
,
Bethlem
Habor
,
chief
of
the
Rebels
in
Transylvania
assisted
by
Beckberes
Bassa
,
with
four
thousand
Turks
,
entered
the
Province
,
to
have
taken
possession
thereof
,
in
the
absence
of
Basta
,
but
being
incountered
by
Count
Tambire
,
when
he
suspected
no
such
matter
,
he
was
overthrown
,
and
a
thousand
of
his
men
slain
,
himself
and
the
Bassa
hardly
escaping
,
and
three
dayes
after
the
said
Count
,
lighting
on
several
Troops
of
Turks
sent
to
the
assistance
of
the
Rebels
,
by
the
Bassa
of
Temeswar
,
put
most
of
them
to
the
sword
,
yet
the
Rebellion
ceased
not
so
,
for
one
Botscay
a
discontented
German
,
having
drawn
a
great
number
of
desperate
fellows
to
take
part
with
him
,
and
countenanced
by
the
Grand
Signiour
,
took
the
field
in
the
upper
Hungary
,
against
whom
Belgiosia
a
valiant
Captain
advanced
with
such
Forces
as
he
in
haste
could
muster
up
,
but
such
was
his
ill
hap
,
that
joyning
battle
he
was
overthrown
by
the
Rebels
,
and
most
of
his
Souldiers
slain
,
after
which
defeat
of
the
imperialists
the
City
of
Cassonia
was
surrendered
to
the
Rebels
,
upon
notice
of
which
Basta
having
gathered
a
considerable
Army
marched
against
Botscay
,
to
put
a
stop
to
his
proceedings
e'r
he
possessed
himself
of
any
more
of
the
Hungarian
Cities
,
yet
the
people
Generally
favouring
their
causE
which
wore
a
mask
of
Religion
and
Liberty
,
the
number
daily
increased
,
and
notwithstanding
the
diligence
of
Basta
,
many
strong
holds
were
put
into
their
hands
,
yet
after
a
tedious
march
,
the
renowned
Lieutenant
,
put
to
flight
the
forerunners
of
their
Army
,
and
after
many
difficulties
,
and
the
loss
of
several
of
his
Souldiers
,
came
to
a
pitched
field
,
of
which
after
a
cruel
and
bloody
fight
he
won
,
putting
Botscay
and
his
Rebel
followers
to
flight
,
with
great
slaughter
,
and
by
that
means
recovered
many
Cities
and
Castles
that
had
cast
off
the
Emperors
obedience
,
and
taken
part
with
the
Rebels
.
The
Turks
in
Persia
fared
little
otherwise
then
those
in
Hungary
,
for
Cicala
Bassa
,
with
all
his
Forces
were
overthrown
by
the
Persian
King
,
and
the
City
of
Babylon
,
now
called
Bagdat
taken
,
of
which
he
sent
to
advertize
the
German
Emperor
,
intreating
him
to
joyn
hands
with
him
for
abating
the
Turks
pride
,
which
he
was
resolutely
determined
to
do
,
resolving
not
to
give
over
the
war
till
he
had
stripped
him
out
of
all
his
Cities
in
Asia
,
and
therefore
desired
the
Emperor
to
send
an
Ambassador
to
confer
with
him
about
a
lasting
peace
,
which
was
accordingly
done
;
nor
were
they
all
the
trouble
the
Turkish
Empire
sustained
,
for
by
reason
of
some
differences
between
the
Bassas
of
Damasco
and
Aleppo
,
they
wage
mortal
battle
one
with
the
other
,
wherein
the
latter
was
overthrown
,
and
flying
to
his
City
,
there
besieged
,
till
compelled
therto
by
famine
,
he
yielded
to
what
the
Bassa
of
Damasco
demanded
;
about
what
time
Sultan
Achmats
first
son
was
born
,
for
which
there
was
great
rejoycing
at
Constantinople
.
Anno
1605.
The
troubles
in
Hungary
and
Transylvania
more
and
more
increased
,
the
former
being
occasioned
by
the
Bishops
(
in
their
late
assembly
)
passing
a
decree
that
all
of
the
reformed
Religion
should
be
burnt
,
or
banished
,
against
which
wicked
Decree
,
though
the
Nobility
of
the
Kingdom
openly
protested
against
,
yet
were
their
Churches
seized
,
and
Publick
and
Private
worship
forbidden
,
as
also
the
reading
of
the
Bible
;
to
redress
which
grievances
,
Basta
promised
redress
,
but
Botscay
having
made
them
a
stirrup
to
help
him
into
the
saddle
would
hearken
to
no
peace
,
unless
Transylvania
might
be
delivered
to
him
,
and
that
the
Lieutenant
of
Hungary
might
be
a
Hungarian
born
,
and
that
all
offices
might
be
bestowed
upon
Hungarians
,
and
the
Souldiers
of
other
Nations
withdraw
except
such
as
were
in
Garrison
,
and
those
not
to
pass
their
appointed
limits
;
and
lastly
,
that
Hungarian
Souldiers
should
receive
the
Emperors
pay
,
and
that
when
ever
an
Assembly
of
the
Estates
was
held
at
Presburg
,
the
Emperor
himself
should
be
there
in
person
.
These
proposals
were
sent
to
Basta
by
two
Hungarians
,
but
without
success
,
whereupon
all
manner
of
Hostilities
were
used
,
and
more
spoil
made
in
a
short
time
,
then
the
Turks
had
done
in
many
years
.
These
intestine
troubles
gave
the
Turks
opportunity
to
possess
themselves
of
the
Cities
of
Vacia
and
Vicegrade
,
and
committed
great
outrages
in
many
places
,
and
what
was
more
to
the
disadvantage
of
the
Emperor
,
the
Haducks
his
chief
strength
favouring
the
Rebels
,
revolted
from
him
,
which
Basta
perceiving
,
and
finding
his
Forces
daily
to
decrease
,
procured
of
the
Emperor
a
General
pardon
for
all
offences
past
,
as
well
Temporal
as
Ecclesiastical
,
promising
upon
their
submission
to
restore
them
to
their
Liberties
,
priviledges
,
and
Religious
worship
as
formerly
exercised
,
and
that
no
man
should
be
molested
,
by
vertue
of
any
Decree
made
by
the
Bishops
,
&c.
this
pardon
was
proclaimed
with
the
beat
of
Drum
and
sound
of
Trumpet
in
several
places
upon
which
some
of
the
Nobility
,
whose
Estates
lay
in
danger
to
be
spoiled
by
the
Souldiers
,
came
in
and
submitted
themselves
,
yet
the
Rebels
Army
was
no
whit
lessened
,
but
rather
increased
,
insomuch
that
the
Haducks
drawing
themselves
apart
besieged
Sacinar
,
in
which
was
an
Imperial
Garrison
,
and
after
divers
assaults
took
it
,
and
marching
from
thence
indeavoured
to
have
surprised
the
strong
Castle
of
Tocay
,
but
their
design
was
frustrated
by
the
stout
resistance
of
those
in
Garrison
;
but
that
which
had
like
to
have
proved
worst
of
all
to
Basta
was
the
mutiny
of
his
own
Souldiers
,
which
he
hardly
appeased
with
a
great
sum
of
mony
.
The
Haducks
still
roaming
about
as
men
greedy
of
prey
,
lay
siege
to
Fileck
,
which
after
some
loss
they
took
,
and
placed
a
strong
Garrison
therein
;
upon
which
Ambassadors
were
sent
to
Boscay
the
head
of
the
Rebels
,
to
treat
with
him
in
the
Emperors
name
,
about
a
peace
,
but
without
receiving
any
satisfaction
,
they
were
forced
to
return
,
the
Rebel
declaring
that
if
they
came
from
the
Estates
of
Hungary
he
would
give
them
Audience
,
but
if
from
the
Emperor
the
Articles
of
peace
he
had
proposed
,
he
expected
to
be
confirmed
without
delay
,
if
the
Emperor
expected
any
,
and
after
the
departure
of
the
Ambassadors
;
he
sent
forth
his
Letters
mandatory
to
Assemble
the
Nobility
at
Serentium
,
on
the
seventeenth
of
April
to
settle
the
affairs
of
the
Kingdom
,
many
of
which
accordingly
met
,
but
concluded
on
nothing
material
,
the
Rebel
and
such
as
were
of
his
faction
still
over-ruling
them
in
all
their
consultations
,
as
well
knowing
the
Emperors
Forces
for
the
most
part
had
their
hearts
with
him
,
which
caused
them
frequently
to
mutiny
and
reproach
their
Commanders
,
under
pretence
of
wanting
their
pay
.
The
Haducks
now
increased
in
number
possessed
themselves
of
Newhawsel
,
Cibinium
,
Dort.
feld
and
Schemnitze
.
Thus
whilst
all
Hungary
,
Austria
,
and
Stira
were
as
it
were
in
a
flame
.
The
Turks
again
besieged
several
Castles
which
at
that
time
were
governed
by
valiant
Captains
,
so
that
they
prevailed
not
greatly
yet
the
General
confusion
made
the
Emperour
desirous
of
Peace
,
in
order
to
which
he
sent
Sigismund
Forgat
with
full
instructions
to
Kyrpa
where
the
Estates
of
Hungary
were
to
assemble
,
thither
likewise
came
several
Commissioners
from
Botscay
and
the
Turkish
Bassa's
of
Buda
,
Pesth
,
&c.
when
as
in
the
mean
time
other
Imperial
Ministers
were
sent
to
Comara
,
to
Treat
only
with
the
Turks
,
they
having
so
required
but
the
demands
of
the
Turks
and
Rebels
were
so
unreasonable
,
that
many
believed
they
only
set
that
treaty
on
foot
to
protract
the
preparations
of
the
Imperialists
,
so
that
all
hopes
of
an
amicable
conclusion
vanishing
,
fierce
War
began
to
rage
more
terrible
then
before
,
all
the
Countreys
round
being
covered
with
the
smoak
of
flaming
Villages
by
day
,
and
illuminated
with
shining
●ires
by
night
,
nor
did
the
Rebels
spare
to
sell
the
poor
Christians
like
beasts
to
the
merciless
Turk
,
by
them
to
be
carryed
into
perpetual
slavery
,
nor
desisted
from
comitting
such
cruelties
as
even
amazed
the
Infidels
to
see
themselves
out
done
.
To
prevent
which
outrages
the
Imperialists
drawing
together
in
a
body
,
set
upon
a
strong
power
of
the
Turks
and
Rebels
,
who
thought
to
have
surprized
them
in
their
Camp
,
and
after
a
sharp
dispute
drove
them
with
great
slaughter
to
the
Walls
of
Canusia
,
and
afterwards
put
strong
Garrisons
into
most
of
the
important
towns
and
Castles
,
which
bad
success
made
the
Rebels
again
bethink
themselves
of
a
timely
peace
so
that
Botscay
their
Ringleader
having
received
Letters
of
safe
conduct
from
Matthias
the
Arch-Duke
,
came
with
his
Wife
and
Children
to
Vienna
,
and
there
by
frequent
by
conferring
with
the
Imperial
Commissioners
,
matters
were
so
ordered
that
peace
was
concluded
between
the
Emperour
and
his
Rebel
Subjects
of
Hungary
according
to
the
Tenour
of
these
Articles
.
Articles
of
Peace
agreed
upon
Anno
1606.
between
the
Emperor
and
his
discontented
Subjects
of
Hungary
.
1.
That
from
thenceforth
it
should
be
lawful
for
every
man
throughout
the
Kingdom
of
Hungary
,
to
have
the
free
use
of
his
Religion
and
believe
what
he
would
.
2.
That
if
the
Hungarians
so
thought
good
,
they
might
chuse
a
Palatine
for
their
Governor
,
and
that
in
the
mean
time
the
Arch-Duke
Matthias
should
no
more
use
the
Title
of
Governour
but
Vice-Roy
.
3.
That
the
Crown
of
Hungary
should
still
be
left
in
the
Emperors
keeping
.
4.
That
the
Bishops
that
were
nobly
descended
in
Hungary
and
had
Lands
of
their
own
,
should
be
forthwith
admitted
into
the
Council
but
the
other
Bishops
not
to
be
so
received
.
5.
That
Botscay
for
himself
and
his
heirs
male
should
ever
hold
Transilvania
.
6.
That
the
same
Countrey
of
Transilvania
should
be
still
subject
to
the
Kingdom
of
Hungary
.
7
That
for
his
Arms
he
should
bear
three
Royal
Crowns
,
and
three
open
Helmets
.
8.
That
he
should
not
more
stile
himself
Prince
but
Lord
of
part
of
Hungary
.
9.
That
they
should
pay
the
Heyducks
their
wages
who
had
leavyed
them
.
10.
That
the
harms
done
on
both
sides
should
for
ever
be
forgotten
.
11.
That
Bohemia
,
Moravia
,
Lansnisium
and
A●stria
should
not
only
with
their
Letters
and
Seals
confirm
the
Articles
,
but
also
swear
at
Vienna
to
keep
the
same
,
so
far
as
they
conerned
them
.
12.
That
the
Hungarians
likewise
should
send
some
to
Vienna
,
who
in
their
behalfs
should
with
their
Letters
,
Seals
and
Oaths
,
Confirm
and
Ratifie
these
Articles
.
13.
That
the
assembly
of
the
States
of
Hungary
should
be
referred
unto
a
more
convenient
time
for
their
meeting
.
14.
That
these
things
being
done
this
Agreement
should
be
publickly
confirmed
and
inrolled
in
the
Records
of
the
Kingdom
of
Hungary
.
15.
That
it
should
be
lawful
for
the
Hungarians
by
their
Ambassadors
,
to
invite
the
Princes
of
the
Empire
to
the
Approving
and
Confirming
of
these
Articles
.
Peace
thus
concluded
with
the
Hungarians
,
the
Treaty
of
Peace
between
the
Turkish
Sultan
and
the
Emperour
went
on
,
and
with
such
good
success
that
a
Peace
was
soon
after
concluded
to
the
joy
of
all
the
Emperors
Subjects
,
who
weary
with
the
continual
toils
and
miseries
of
War
,
were
now
desirous
of
nothing
more
then
to
repose
themselves
in
the
downy
armes
of
Peace
.
After
which
Botscay
called
an
assembly
of
the
Estates
of
Hungary
recommending
to
them
the
care
of
preserving
inviolable
the
Articles
,
and
the
speedy
Election
of
a
Palatine
,
and
that
above
all
things
they
would
maintain
and
incourage
the
Reformed
Religion
,
and
in
the
next
Assembly
labour
to
have
the
Articles
for
burning
Hereticks
repealed
,
and
as
much
as
in
them
lay
to
restore
the
lost
Trade
of
the
spoiled
Provinces
.
These
things
done
Botscay
fell
sick
,
which
sickness
increasing
he
greatly
bewailed
his
late
Rebellion
,
and
the
blood
therein
shed
,
wishing
nothing
more
then
that
before
he
died
,
he
could
beg
pardon
for
the
same
of
the
whole
Roman
Empire
,
yet
had
not
his
wish
,
but
of
that
sickness
died
at
Cossovia
,
on
the
30th
.
of
December
,
1606.
perswading
in
the
time
of
his
sickness
such
as
had
been
his
followers
to
adhere
to
the
Emperours
interest
,
yet
his
Counsel
was
not
so
well
observed
,
but
that
after
his
death
(
notwithstanding
Matthias
the
Arch-Duke
had
caused
himself
to
be
Crowned
King
of
Hungary
,
including
the
Principality
of
Transivania
)
there
wanted
not
some
who
aspired
to
the
Title
of
Prince
,
which
caused
new
discontents
,
but
with
relinquishing
of
that
Title
they
vanished
.
Achmat
having
made
Peace
with
the
Emperour
,
resolved
to
turn
his
arms
against
the
Persian
King
and
Asian
Rebels
,
against
whom
Anno
16●7
.
early
in
the
Spring
he
sent
the
Vizar
Bassa
,
who
by
Policy
more
then
strength
appeased
the
latter
,
when
upon
notice
that
the
Bassa
of
Aleppo
had
overthrown
the
Bassa's
of
Tripolis
and
Daucasco
,
and
that
at
the
request
of
the
Sultan
he
refused
to
lay
down
his
arms
,
he
marched
against
him
with
One
Hundred
Thirty
Thousand
men
,
which
puissant
Army
the
Bassa
of
Aleppo
incountered
with
Fourty
Thousand
,
and
in
three
Battles
remained
victor
;
but
upon
notice
that
the
Bassa's
of
Damasco
and
Tripolis
,
were
coming
to
the
Aid
of
the
Vizar
Bassa
with
great
Forces
,
and
he
by
reason
of
the
loss
he
had
sustained
not
able
to
withstand
their
united
power
fled
,
with
most
of
his
Friends
to
the
Mountains
.
Yet
at
the
intercession
of
the
Vizar
Bassa
but
more
for
fear
he
should
revolt
t
the
Persian
,
he
was
afterwards
pardoned
and
received
into
favour
:
upon
which
the
King
of
Persia
wrote
to
the
King
of
Spain
,
intreating
him
to
joyn
Forces
with
him
against
the
common
Enemy
,
but
more
especially
to
send
his
Ships
of
War
into
the
Gulf
,
and
the
rather
to
induce
him
so
to
do
he
sent
him
several
rich
presents
.
Whilst
these
things
passed
the
Turkish
Garrisons
,
who
for
the
most
part
lived
by
spoiles
,
impatient
of
Peace
with
the
Christians
committed
some
outrages
,
and
secretly
incouraged
the
Heyducks
to
commit
more
,
of
which
Achmat
having
notice
sent
strictly
to
charge
the
Bassa
of
Buda
,
not
(
upon
pain
of
his
head
)
to
infringe
the
Capitulation
,
whereupon
Six
Hundred
Heyducks
being
abroad
,
and
not
assisted
by
the
Turks
as
they
expected
,
were
intercepted
by
Humanoius
an
Imperial
Captain
and
almost
all
of
them
slain
;
yet
soon
after
the
kind
of
proling
men
assembling
to
the
number
of
Fifteen
Thousand
laid
siege
to
Tilesk
,
having
for
their
incouragement
received
Three
Hundred
Thousand
Duccates
,
by
the
order
of
the
Turkish
Sultan
,
and
great
Ordnance
(
the
better
to
inable
them
to
take
the
Town
,
which
they
were
to
deliver
to
the
Turks
)
from
Agria
,
upon
notice
whereof
the
Hungarian
Estates
Assembled
at
Presburg
,
but
by
reason
of
the
absence
of
the
Arch-Duke
,
who
by
the
Emperours
appointment
was
to
have
sat
as
President
,
there
was
nothing
worthy
of
mention
transacted
,
whereupon
an
Imperial
Diet
was
assembled
at
Ratisbon
,
where
after
debating
many
matters
the
Deputies
of
the
several
Princes
fell
at
variance
amongst
themselves
,
which
still
increasing
notwithstanding
the
indeavours
used
to
prevent
it
,
the
Arch-Duke
then
President
dismissed
the
assembly
.
These
great
Councils
proving
fruitless
,
Troubles
and
Discontent
in
the
unsettled
Provinces
of
Hungary
,
Austria
,
&c.
arose
,
to
alay
which
the
Arch-Duke
came
to
Presburg
and
assembled
the
Estates
,
who
out
of
themselves
chuse
Commissioners
to
appease
the
Tumults
on
foot
,
to
hear
and
determine
all
Grievances
,
who
so
well
performed
their
trusts
that
Peace
for
a
while
insued
.
Affairs
Anno
1608.
standing
thus
in
Hungary
,
&c.
about
the
beginning
of
Spring
Jerome
Prince
of
Valachia
died
leaving
behind
him
a
Son
about
13
years
of
Age
whom
the
Emperour
admitted
(
as
yet
not
being
capable
to
manage
the
affairs
of
Government
under
Tutors
)
unto
the
Succession
of
the
Principality
,
which
thing
the
Valachians
not
being
willing
to
endure
,
and
bearing
themselves
upon
the
Turks
,
went
about
to
Elect
another
Prince
,
for
which
cause
the
Princess
,
Widow
to
the
deceased
Vayvod
,
by
Letters
certified
Polloscie
her
Son-in-Law
of
the
intended
outrage
of
her
Subjects
,
and
having
received
of
him
a
great
summ
of
money
,
Leavied
Ten
Thousand
good
Souldiers
to
secure
her
Sons
right
,
who
in
a
great
Battle
overthrew
such
forces
of
Valachians
,
Turks
and
Tartars
as
the
Nobility
had
raised
to
oppose
the
Succession
of
the
young
Prince
,
and
by
that
means
preserved
the
Principality
to
the
behoof
of
her
Son
,
but
what
had
like
to
have
proved
fatal
to
Christendom
,
was
the
difference
arising
between
the
Emperour
and
the
Arch-Duke
Matthias
upon
the
●atters
laying
absolute
claim
to
the
Crown
of
Hungary
,
without
acknowledging
to
hold
it
of
the
Empire
,
but
when
both
parties
had
armed
and
matters
had
like
to
have
come
to
extremity
,
several
Princes
laboured
so
far
therein
that
a
Pacification
was
made
,
and
the
Arch-Duke
having
received
the
Insigns
of
Royalty
,
from
the
Emperours
Ambassadors
upon
acknowledging
him
his
Soveraign
,
broke
up
his
Camp
and
returned
to
Vienna
,
where
he
was
joyfull
received
.
Yet
the
Protestant
Estates
of
Austria
,
refused
to
swear
Allegiance
to
him
,
till
he
had
confirmed
the
Article
of
free
exercise
in
matters
of
Religion
,
which
he
for
a
considerable
time
refusing
to
do
,
great
Troubles
had
thereupon
like
to
have
arisen
;
for
the
Protestant
Estates
not
regarding
his
Regal
Authority
further
then
stood
with
the
Articles
of
Pacification
,
for
non
performance
thereof
betook
themselves
to
Arms
,
but
the
Estates
of
Bohemia
and
Moravia
interposing
,
all
was
for
a
while
quiet
,
the
King
promising
that
although
for
fear
of
displeasing
the
Pope
and
King
of
Spain
,
he
could
not
tolerate
the
Reformed
Religion
,
yet
he
would
wink
at
the
free
exercise
throughout
his
Dominions
,
and
that
as
to
the
disposal
of
Offices
and
places
of
Trust
,
he
them
according
to
the
merits
of
his
Subejcts
:
Upon
which
the
Estates
proceeded
to
the
Election
of
a
Palatine
,
which
honourable
Dignity
they
bestowed
on
Illishascius
,
a
Noble
man
of
Hungary
,
who
faithfully
discharged
his
trust
for
the
space
of
one
year
and
then
died
to
the
great
grief
of
the
Hungarians
,
of
whom
for
his
great
Wisdom
and
Uprightness
he
was
generally
beloved
,
in
whose
stead
the
Nobility
elected
George
Turson
,
who
got
a
good
esteem
amongst
them
,
by
his
pacifying
the
Troubles
that
immediately
upon
the
death
of
Illishascius
arose
in
Bohemia
about
Religion
.
Anno
1608
on
the
19
of
October
,
the
Turkish
Ambassador
came
to
the
Emperors
Pallace
at
Prague
,
having
by
the
way
visited
the
new
King
of
Hungary
,
where
being
received
with
the
respect
due
to
his
Character
,
he
delivered
the
present
sent
by
his
Master
the
Grand
Signeor
,
which
were
principally
a
Rich
Tent
of
divers
Colours
most
curiously
wrought
with
Pearls
of
great
value
,
four
couragious
horses
trapped
with
Gold
and
precious
Stones
,
certain
Turkish
weapons
set
and
garnished
with
precious
Stones
,
a
Princely
Turkish
Robe
,
such
as
they
use
at
their
Marriages
,
Glistering
with
Gold
and
pretious
stones
,
with
divers
other
rarities
of
lesser
value
,
together
with
which
he
delivered
Achmats
Letters
,
and
withall
desired
the
confirmation
of
the
Peace
before
made
for
twenty
years
,
to
be
again
renewed
;
after
which
he
was
honourably
treated
and
dismissed
with
the
Emperors
Letters
to
the
Sultan
,
and
many
rare
presents
,
no
whit
inferiour
to
those
he
brought
,
and
with
a
train
of
two
hundred
horse
conducted
him
to
the
Turkish
Frontiers
.
In
the
year
1609
,
nothing
worthy
of
mention
happened
,
but
the
year
following
,
the
King
of
Persia
having
overthrown
the
Turks
Forces
,
sent
to
stay
the
current
of
his
Victories
,
entred
into
the
Province
of
Babylon
,
with
an
intent
to
annext
it
to
his
other
Conquests
,
which
so
alarmed
Achmet
,
that
Leavying
a
great
power
he
sent
them
under
the
Leading
of
Nassut
Bassa
,
to
secure
his
Territories
on
that
side
,
but
such
was
the
evil
fortune
of
the
Bassa
,
that
joyning
battle
,
he
was
overthrown
,
and
twenty
thousand
of
his
men
slain
;
after
which
good
success
the
Persian
King
sent
other
Ambassadors
to
the
Roman
Emperor
,
with
many
rich
presents
to
incite
him
to
break
his
League
with
the
Turks
,
but
notwithstanding
the
many
pregnant
arguments
used
by
the
Amassador
,
the
Emperor
could
not
be
induced
to
break
his
faith
,
but
dismissed
him
with
a
return
of
presents
,
and
many
thanks
to
his
master
,
for
the
respect
he
had
towards
him
,
and
his
care
for
the
Christian
Commonwealth
.
About
the
same
time
the
Knights
of
Malta
putting
several
Galleys
to
sea
,
fought
the
Turks
Galleys
with
various
success
,
sometimes
one
prevailing
,
and
sometimes
the
other
;
nor
did
the
Duke
of
Tuscany
less
annoy
them
with
a
squadron
of
Gallies
,
under
the
command
of
Admiral
Jughiraim
,
who
running
along
,
the
coast
of
Barbary
took
many
Turkish
Gallyes
,
and
landing
his
men
in
divers
places
,
spoiled
the
Country
and
took
greate
booties
;
nor
fared
the
Morisques
or
new
Christians
in
Spain
this
year
to
their
contents
,
for
the
Spanish
King
upon
a
Capricio
Banished
them
out
of
his
Dominions
to
the
number
of
900
thousand
persons
,
most
Moores
and
Jews
,
who
for
profits
sake
had
suffered
themselves
to
be
baptized
,
but
now
upon
the
Publication
of
the
Kings
Edict
,
they
were
forced
to
wander
like
vagabonds
over
the
face
of
the
earth
to
seek
new
places
to
reside
in
;
at
what
time
there
happened
a
contest
between
Muley
Xequy
King
of
Fess
,
and
Muley
Sidan
his
younger
brother
,
which
increased
to
that
height
that
mortal
wars
arose
,
when
after
many
fields
fought
,
the
latter
prevailed
,
and
possessed
himself
of
the
Kingdom
,
which
caused
the
former
to
flye
into
Spain
,
there
to
crave
aid
of
King
Phillip
,
who
in
consideration
of
the
Barbarians
promise
to
deliver
Alarache
a
strong
Town
seated
on
the
mouth
of
the
River
Lucus
,
in
the
Kingdom
of
Fess
,
into
his
possession
,
furnished
him
with
100
thousand
Duccates
,
therewith
to
leavy
Souldiers
in
his
own
Countrey
,
and
sent
with
him
likewise
his
ships
of
war
,
under
the
conduct
of
the
Marquess
of
St.
Germaines
,
manned
with
ten
thousand
Spaniards
,
who
coming
before
the
Town
,
landed
the
King
,
who
was
received
by
several
of
his
friends
into
a
strong
Castle
that
guards
the
mouth
of
the
River
,
which
he
put
into
the
hands
of
the
Spaniard
,
but
it
was
no
sooner
known
that
he
had
so
done
,
but
the
Mores
from
all
parts
run
to
their
Arms
,
so
that
e'r
they
could
possess
themselves
of
the
Town
,
an
obstinate
fight
was
maintained
for
the
space
of
three
hours
,
in
which
space
five
hundred
Spaniards
and
three
thousand
Moores
were
slain
,
but
in
the
end
the
former
prevailed
,
and
possessed
themselves
of
that
strong
place
,
which
had
by
them
been
so
often
desired
,
the
news
of
which
caused
great
rejoycing
in
Spain
.
This
year
was
fought
a
great
battle
between
the
Son
of
the
late
deceased
Cham
of
Tartary
,
and
his
uncle
,
upon
the
latters
usurping
the
Imperial
dignity
,
during
the
formers
remaining
a
hostage
at
Constantinople
,
in
which
40000
men
were
slain
,
and
the
Victory
rested
upon
the
rightful
Heir
.
Anno
1611
,
such
a
Contagion
happened
in
Constantinople
that
it
ingendring
a
Pestilence
,
which
raged
so
vehemently
that
thirty
thousand
died
in
one
month
,
and
amongst
the
rest
,
one
of
Achmats
sons
,
nor
did
the
Barron
of
Salignac
the
French
Kings
Ambassador
escape
,
to
succeed
whom
as
soon
as
the
Mortality
ceased
,
the
Barron
of
Mole
was
sent
,
who
upon
his
arrival
,
after
having
visited
the
Mufti
or
chief
Mahometan
Priest
,
and
the
great
Bassa's
of
the
Court
,
himself
and
his
retinue
were
attired
in
Turkish
habit
(
no
Ambassadors
being
permitted
in
the
proper
habit
of
their
own
Countrey
to
approach
the
Sultan
)
was
conducted
to
have
his
Audience
of
the
Grand
Seigneour
,
through
a
litte
Court
paved
with
Marble
;
after
which
,
he
entred
the
Royal
Chamber
,
which
was
inriched
on
one
side
with
many
Pillars
of
Marble
,
and
square
stones
of
the
same
,
beautified
with
two
Fountains
,
on
either
side
the
planchers
were
gilt
with
Gold
,
and
the
Walls
Inameled
with
flowers
,
and
the
flour
covered
with
cloath
of
Gold
and
silver
,
at
the
entery
of
which
stood
six
Capigi
or
Royal
Porters
,
two
of
which
took
the
Ambassador
by
either
arm
to
lead
him
to
the
Grand
Seigneor
(
a
Ceremony
pretended
for
honours
sake
,
but
indeed
to
prevent
any
violence
,
that
upon
such
near
access
may
be
offered
,
and
has
been
in
use
ever
since
Amurath
the
first
was
stabbed
in
the
fields
of
Coss●via
)
and
the
rest
carryed
the
presents
;
so
that
the
Ambassador
having
kissed
the
hem
of
the
imperious
Turks
Garment
,
was
carryed
out
another
way
backward
,
because
it
should
not
be
said
that
the
Minister
of
any
Forrein
Prince
turned
his
back
upon
the
Emperor
,
in
like
manner
his
attendants
fared
,
being
obliged
to
withdraw
till
the
Infidel
was
more
at
leisure
,
for
as
then
he
stood
peeping
out
at
a
window
to
view
some
disports
that
were
made
below
for
his
diversion
and
a
while
after
being
admitted
,
he
delivered
his
letters
written
in
the
Turkish
Language
,
and
in
a
pithy
Oration
,
delivered
what
else
he
had
in
charge
.
Notwithstanding
the
Peace
between
the
Imperialists
and
the
Turks
,
the
latter
ceased
not
covertly
to
stir
up
dissensions
,
by
which
means
they
procured
the
revolt
of
Gabriel
Battori
Vayvod
of
Transilvania
,
who
raising
a
great
power
,
chased
Raduille
Prince
of
Valachia
out
of
his
Principality
,
who
thereupon
fled
to
Constantine
Vayvod
of
Moldavia
,
when
reinforced
by
the
Moldavian
,
he
returned
again
,
and
in
a
great
battle
overthrew
Gabriel
,
forcing
him
to
flye
with
his
scatered
Troops
to
Hermstad
,
where
he
committed
many
Cruelties
under
pretence
that
the
Citizens
went
about
to
deliver
him
into
the
hands
of
his
mortal
enemies
.
The
division
stirred
up
Fortga●sie
the
King
of
Hungary
to
pass
into
Transylvania
,
to
reduce
the
revolted
Cities
to
the
Kings
obedience
,
but
being
waylaid
,
he
was
forced
to
travel
through
desart
places
,
where
through
famine
and
diseases
that
raged
in
his
Camp
,
most
of
his
men
dyed
;
so
that
fearing
to
fall
into
the
hands
of
those
he
intended
to
oppress
,
he
fled
into
Polonia
with
a
slender
Train
,
yet
ended
not
the
trouble
,
for
by
this
time
the
Turks
had
stirred
up
discontents
in
Moldavia
,
by
sending
thither
a
Competitor
to
wrestle
with
Constantine
for
his
Principality
,
but
finding
himself
too
weak
,
and
not
assisted
as
he
expected
,
fled
to
Constantinople
,
there
to
crave
aid
of
Achmet
,
but
finding
many
delays
he
travelled
to
the
Courts
of
many
Christian
Princes
,
and
amongst
others
came
into
England
,
and
made
his
application
to
King
James
,
who
moved
with
his
heavy
complaints
,
and
specious
pretences
of
just
claim
to
the
Principality
of
Moldavia
,
that
his
Majesty
was
pleased
bountifully
to
relieve
him
,
and
by
his
Letters
to
recommend
him
to
the
care
of
Sir
Thomas
Glover
,
his
Ambassador
then
residing
at
Constantinople
,
who
recommended
him
to
the
Grand
Signeur
,
but
such
were
the
counterplots
of
Constantine
,
that
by
bribing
the
great
Bassa's
he
not
only
prevented
him
in
his
purpose
but
greatly
indangered
his
being
made
away
,
which
had
certainly
happened
had
not
Sir
Thomas
sheltered
him
under
his
protection
,
and
by
fortifying
his
house
,
daunted
the
blood-thirsty
Janizaries
,
whom
the
Grand
Visier
had
imployed
to
take
him
thence
by
Force
,
but
Sir
Thomas
being
soon
after
recalled
;
The
Moldavian
despairing
to
obtain
the
Principality
he
so
much
desired
,
in
a
rage
renounced
the
Lord
that
bought
him
,
and
imbraced
the
Turkish
superstition
,
whereupon
he
was
made
Bey
of
Bursia
in
Asia
,
but
enjoyed
not
that
dignity
long
e'r
Nassuf
Bassa
returning
from
the
Persian
war
,
dispossessed
him
.
This
year
the
Gallyes
of
Florence
,
Malta
and
Naples
,
greatly
endamaged
the
Turkish
Dominions
on
the
Sea-Coasts
,
taking
likewise
several
rich
prizes
,
and
amongst
the
rest
the
Carravan
Gally
coming
from
Egypt
,
to
Constantinople
,
with
the
Tribute
of
that
rich
Kingdom
,
sinking
at
the
same
time
five
others
,
and
descending
upon
the
Isle
of
Lango
,
and
took
the
Town
from
which
the
Island
takes
its
name
,
putting
a
number
of
Turks
to
the
sword
,
and
taking
a
great
spoil
,
and
soon
after
entered
the
Bay
of
Corinth
so
secretly
,
that
Landing
they
surprized
the
City
,
sacked
it
and
carryed
away
,
besides
a
rich
booty
five
hundred
slaves
.
These
things
made
the
Turkish
Sultan
wish
for
peace
with
the
Persian
,
that
he
might
be
at
leasure
to
turn
his
Arms
upon
the
Christians
,
especially
upon
the
Knights
of
Malta
,
who
greatly
obstructed
his
Navigation
,
and
that
which
furthered
his
purpose
was
the
arrival
of
the
Persian
Ambassador
at
Constantinople
,
whereupon
to
welcom
him
he
concluded
a
Marriage
between
Mehemet
Bassa
,
son
to
Cicula
,
late
deceased
,
and
his
Sister
,
and
another
between
Mechmet
Bassa
his
great
Admiral
,
and
his
Eldest
daughter
,
which
were
cellebrated
with
all
imaginable
splendor
,
but
soon
after
the
Pestilence
began
again
to
rage
in
that
great
City
,
whereupon
Achmat
withdrew
himself
to
his
rural
Palace
at
Durat
Bassa
,
where
whilst
he
was
viewing
the
Mosque
that
he
had
caused
to
be
built
,
a
Dariveler
or
Turkish
Monk
,
cast
at
him
a
stone
with
such
force
that
it
overthrew
him
;
whereupon
the
Traytor
was
seized
,
and
ordered
by
Torture
to
be
constrained
to
confess
what
moved
him
to
that
outrage
;
but
the
officers
of
the
Port
with
out
further
examination
the
next
day
executed
him
,
which
made
some
conjecture
,
that
either
they
or
some
great
men
whom
they
favoured
,
set
him
on
work
.
During
these
Passages
Moldavia
groaned
under
Clandestine
Tumults
,
the
Turks
still
endeavouring
to
depose
Constantine
,
and
he
with
all
his
power
on
the
contrary
,
labouring
to
support
his
dignity
,
so
that
the
Villages
in
all
places
went
to
Rack
,
the
Countrey
for
the
most
part
being
laid
wast
;
to
calm
which
differences
the
Polonian
Ambassador
came
to
the
Court
of
Constantinople
,
expecting
a
sudden
Audience
,
but
was
contrary
to
his
expectation
,
after
six
weeks
attendance
clapt
up
in
prison
,
with
notice
that
he
could
not
be
delivered
till
such
time
as
the
two
Capigis
which
Constantine
carryed
Captive
into
Polonia
,
nor
was
Transylvania
free
from
fraction
and
civil
dissension
occasioned
by
one
Giezy
set
up
by
the
Bassa
of
Buda
,
to
oppose
the
Palatine
of
Hungary
,
to
whom
that
Province
,
according
to
the
late
Articles
of
peace
does
appertain
,
but
the
upstart
finding
his
Forces
too
weak
too
grasp
the
Government
soon
after
relinquished
his
claime
.
Achmat
the
more
to
amuse
the
Persian
Ambassador
,
and
oblige
him
to
wonder
at
his
greatness
,
resolved
to
shew
himself
in
all
his
pomp
,
and
thereupon
making
as
if
he
went
to
Darut
Bassa
to
take
the
air
,
after
a
dayes
stay
,
returned
in
this
manner
.
Before
him
a
great
number
of
men
at
Arms
marched
on
horse-back
,
and
after
them
some
Troops
of
Foot
;
The
Cadies
of
Constantinople
,
or
his
chief
Justicers
;
Then
all
the
Talismans
,
or
those
of
Mahomets
Law
in
great
number
;
then
the
Vizar
Bassas
in
great
splendor
;
after
whom
followed
ten
of
the
Sultans
houshold
,
leading
ten
goodly
horses
in
rich
Caparisons
,
the
last
of
which
had
a
Bridle
and
Saddle
pondered
with
precious
stones
,
and
unto
the
saddle
was
fastned
the
Sultans
Target
,
and
upon
it
were
fastened
Tassels
of
Pearls
,
hanging
almost
with
the
ground
,
and
over
these
a
horse-cloth
richly
imbroidered
with
Pearl
,
after
which
followed
the
rest
of
the
Sultans
houshold
in
divers
Troops
,
first
fifty
Janizaries
on
foot
,
every
one
of
them
leading
dogs
in
Leshes
,
for
the
most
part
Irish-greyhounds
,
presented
to
him
a
little
before
by
the
French
Ambassador
,
next
to
whom
in
order
succeeded
the
Sultans
Footmen
called
Pelks
,
who
were
Persians
born
,
all
well
attired
,
wearing
on
their
heads
bonets
of
Silver
,
after
the
Indian
fashion
,
Then
sixty
Archers
,
in
the
midst
of
whom
came
Sultan
Achmat
attired
in
a
rich
robe
of
Cloath
of
Gold
,
imbroidered
with
Pearls
and
Diamonds
,
and
his
slave
clad
in
the
same
manner
,
his
Turbant
was
covered
with
a
Plume
of
black
Feathers
,
inriched
with
great
Diamonds
,
and
a
chain
of
the
same
stones
,
about
the
lower
part
of
it
upon
his
fingers
he
had
Diamonds
of
such
largeness
,
as
they
cast
admirable
light
;
his
horse
had
Caparisons
imbroidered
with
Diamonds
,
Pearls
,
and
other
precious
stones
,
the
Ground
being
Gold
,
and
the
stirrups
of
beaten
Gold
set
with
Diamonds
,
and
from
his
Horses
neck
hung
great
Tassels
of
Pearl
,
of
a
more
than
ordinary
size
;
after
him
there
followed
three
men
on
Horseback
,
the
one
carrying
his
Cloak
,
the
other
his
arms
,
and
the
third
his
Imperial
Turbant
,
and
these
were
attended
on
by
certain
Esquires
on
horseback
.
Then
came
the
Musick
after
the
Turkish
manner
,
consisting
of
sixty
men
on
Horseback
,
which
played
upon
Fiets
,
Chardons
and
Trumpets
;
next
followed
one
hundred
of
the
Sultans
Pages
bravely
mounted
,
followed
by
as
many
Eunuches
,
fifty
of
which
carryed
each
of
them
a
Falcon
upon
his
fist
,
having
their
heads
inriched
with
Diamonds
;
after
them
came
thirty
Guards
of
the
Port
,
and
fifty
Falconers
and
Huntsmen
,
richly
attired
,
each
of
them
carrying
upon
his
saddle
bow
a
Leopard
covered
all
but
the
head
with
a
Cloath
of
Gold
attended
on
by
an
other
train
of
Pages
,
very
beautiful
,
chosen
from
amongst
the
Tribute
infants
,
having
their
Garments
beset
with
pretious
stones
,
the
ground
being
Cloath
of
Gold
curled
,
and
after
these
followed
a
Troop
of
youths
in
plain
attire
,
who
were
appointed
to
serve
the
pages
;
The
rear
of
which
procession
was
closed
with
all
the
great
Officers
of
the
Turkish
Empire
,
that
were
then
resident
at
Constantinople
,
and
to
make
the
Magnificence
more
compleat
,
as
the
Archers
passed
by
the
Sultans
lodging
100
pieces
of
Silk
,
were
cast
amongst
them
.
Four
days
after
this
pompous
shew
Achmat
gave
Audience
to
the
Persian
Ambassador
,
who
presented
him
on
the
behalf
of
the
King
his
Master
,
with
100
Bales
of
Silk
,
a
Beazor
stone
,
as
big
as
a
mans
fist
,
9
bags
of
Turquoises
of
a
foot
and
half
long
,
and
above
a
finger
broad
,
several
rich
pieces
of
Tapistry
,
interwoven
with
Silk
and
Gold
,
with
some
other
things
of
great
price
,
amongst
which
he
delivered
his
masters
Letters
;
whereupon
they
began
to
treat
of
peace
,
which
soon
after
was
accorded
principally
upon
these
Articles
:
First
,
That
the
Persian
King
should
pay
unto
the
Turkish
Sultan
yearly
by
way
of
Tribute
two
hundred
Camells
Loads
of
Silk
,
That
the
King
of
Persia's
Son
should
be
called
Bassa
of
Iauris
,
and
that
the
Cadi
or
Soveraign
Judge
of
that
City
should
be
sent
from
Constantinople
.
The
Peace
thus
concluded
to
the
advantage
of
the
Turks
and
dishonour
of
the
Persians
,
the
Ambassador
with
many
rich
presents
,
was
dismissed
,
leaving
allmost
all
his
Retinue
behind
him
dead
of
the
plague
;
nor
did
he
long
survive
them
,
for
upon
his
arrival
at
Tauris
,
his
master
understanding
upon
what
dishonourable
Terms
he
had
concluded
the
peace
,
caused
his
head
to
be
cut
off
,
and
sent
back
the
Chiaus
that
was
come
with
his
Ambassador
to
see
him
swear
the
peace
,
so
that
not
long
after
all
vanished
into
nothing
.
During
these
Transactions
,
Rodolphus
the
Emperor
died
,
to
succeed
whom
the
Electoral
Princes
made
choice
of
his
brother
Matthias
King
of
Hungary
,
who
upon
his
taking
upon
him
the
Imperial
sway
,
sent
his
Ambassadors
to
Constantinople
to
intreat
a
confirmation
of
the
peace
made
between
his
brother
deceased
,
and
the
Sultan
,
and
to
complain
of
the
daily
outrages
committed
in
his
Province
of
Transylvania
,
but
the
Turk
who
keep
no
League
any
longer
then
it
turns
to
their
advantage
,
not
only
refused
to
redress
the
grievances
in
Tansylvania
,
but
denyed
the
Emperor
to
have
any
right
to
that
Province
,
although
in
the
League
it
was
expresly
mentioned
,
that
Botscay
dying
with
out
Heirs
male
,
the
Principality
should
totally
remain
a
member
of
the
Roman
Empire
,
but
after
all
was
said
that
could
be
said
,
the
Ambassador
was
dismissed
without
the
satisfaction
he
expected
.
About
the
end
of
September
,
Anno
1612
,
great
troubles
arose
in
the
Kingdoms
of
Fess
and
Morocco
occasioned
by
a
quarrel
between
the
Prince
Xerif-Muley-Cidan
and
Xerif-Muley-Achet-Ben-Abdula
his
nephew
,
when
after
many
,
battles
fought
between
them
,
the
latter
was
overthrown
,
and
in
his
flight
slain
,
having
drawn
the
people
into
Rebellion
against
his
uncle
under
the
pretence
of
a
Prophesie
that
foretold
his
rise
,
and
the
flourishing
State
of
Barbary
under
his
Government
,
which
Prophecy
himself
not
long
before
invented
,
yet
many
imagined
that
he
dealt
by
inchantment
,
and
often
would
he
boast
that
no
Bullet
could
hurt
him
,
and
indeed
many
were
the
Victories
he
gained
over
Cidan
,
even
with
a
handful
of
men
in
comparison
to
the
great
Armies
which
Cidan
lead
against
him
,
his
Allegation
was
that
he
was
sent
from
Heaven
to
purge
the
world
of
wicked
men
.
About
this
time
the
Estates
of
the
United
Provinces
under
Prince
Maurice
,
sent
Cornelius
Hage
their
Ambassador
to
Constantinople
with
Commission
to
treat
of
the
deliverance
of
the
captive
Hollanders
,
that
had
bin
taken
by
the
Turkish
Gallies
,
and
to
require
free
Traffick
in
all
the
Ports
of
the
Ottoman
Empire
in
consideration
of
which
to
propose
perpetual
Amity
with
the
Sultan
,
in
all
which
he
succeeded
so
well
,
that
the
Spanish
King
was
not
a
little
grieved
thereat
,
though
himself
was
afterward
obliged
to
enter
into
League
with
the
Turk
.
Transilvania
altogether
disquieted
,
and
weakned
by
civil
discord
,
the
Sultan
thought
it
a
fit
time
to
reduce
that
Province
to
his
obedience
,
and
therefore
raised
a
mighty
Army
and
marched
directly
thither
but
whilst
he
was
on
his
way
Fortifying
all
the
important
places
in
his
passage
,
Cosmo
d'
Medicis
the
great
Duke
of
Tuscany
,
setting
out
a
Fleet
of
Gallies
spoiled
the
Sea
Coasts
in
the
Mediterranean
,
and
took
many
places
from
the
Turks
and
amongst
the
rest
the
strong
City
of
Agliman
,
with
2
Gallies
that
lay
in
the
Port
putting
a
number
of
Turks
to
the
Sword
by
whose
example
an.
1613.
the
Gallies
of
Sicily
set
out
and
destroyed
the
Turks
Gallies
in
the
Levant
,
making
terrible
spoil
on
the
Sea-Coast
landing
several
times
on
the
Islands
of
Chios
,
Samos
and
Cyprus
,
taking
rich
spoils
and
freeing
many
Christian
Captives
,
to
oppose
whom
Ten
Turkish
Gallies
came
but
after
a
terrible
engagement
,
seven
of
them
fell
into
the
Christians
hands
,
and
one
was
sunk
,
the
other
two
hardly
escaping
under
the
shelter
of
the
night
.
Achmats
Army
arriving
in
Transilvania
committed
many
outrages
,
but
upon
notice
that
Bethlem
Gabor
was
acknowledged
Prince
under
the
protection
of
the
Sultan
,
and
had
sent
his
submission
to
him
,
the
Tempest
fo
War
grew
calm
,
and
the
Turkish
power
dreadful
to
the
German
Empire
returned
to
Constantinople
,
at
what
time
S●gismund
Battor
the
Warlike
Prince
of
Transilvania
,
who
had
deposed
himself
and
was
retired
to
Prague
,
there
to
lead
a
private
Life
died
;
but
the
Turks
upon
their
arrival
at
Constantinople
found
the
City
almost
desolate
by
reason
the
Plague
raged
there
so
,
that
Achmat
and
all
his
followers
retired
themselves
to
Darut
Bassa
,
till
the
Contagion
ceased
,
and
then
in
great
pomp
entered
the
City
,
publishing
an
Edict
that
all
the
Dogs
therein
should
be
transported
to
Scutary
in
Asia
,
formerly
called
Chirsopolis
,
but
the
Inhabitants
of
that
place
,
not
willing
to
be
trouble
with
such
Guests
,
although
provision
was
allowed
them
,
humbly
besought
the
Emperor
to
dispose
of
them
elsewhere
,
so
that
they
were
to
the
number
of
Fifty
Thousand
put
on
shoar
in
a
desolate
Island
where
they
all
perished
.
The
reason
why
they
were
not
killed
was
for
that
the
Mufti
had
told
Achmat
it
was
not
lawful
,
alledging
that
Dogs
had
Souls
.
To
conclude
this
year
1613
the
Persian
King
upon
a
suspicion
that
the
Armenians
were
about
to
reconcile
themselves
to
the
Pope
,
and
yield
obedience
to
the
See
of
Rome
,
which
suspicion
was
grounded
upon
forged
Letters
,
he
caused
Twelve
Hundred
of
them
to
be
put
to
death
,
and
kept
straightly
imprisoned
double
that
number
which
made
the
Grcassians
,
Georgians
,
and
Armenians
with
other
Eastern
Christians
send
their
Ambassadors
to
Achmat
imploring
Aid
to
protect
them
from
the
rage
of
the
Persians
,
to
counterpoise
which
the
Persian
King
sent
likewise
his
Ambassador
,
but
the
Sultan
would
not
admit
him
to
Audience
,
till
such
time
as
he
heard
his
Master
had
stayed
the
Persecution
.
Anno
1614.
divers
direful
Prodigies
were
seen
in
Hungary
,
Silesia
,
Austria
,
and
other
parts
of
Christendom
,
which
greatly
amazed
most
people
,
who
supposed
them
to
be
the
forerunners
of
great
calamities
but
nothing
followed
except
the
downfal
and
death
of
the
Nassuf
the
grand
Vizar
,
who
fell
from
the
top
of
Honour
into
the
depth
of
misery
by
offending
his
soon
offended
Master
,
and
by
the
Sultans
Command
was
by
Bestanges
Bassa
slain
in
his
own
house
,
and
that
Head
which
during
the
time
he
stood
high
in
the
Sultans
favour
,
had
Governed
the
whole
Ottoman
Empire
,
stricken
off
and
carried
as
a
present
to
Achmat
,
and
in
his
stead
Mechmet
who
had
Marryed
the
Sultans
Daughter
was
made
chief
Vizar
.
Transylvania
now
rent
from
the
German
Empire
,
the
Emperour
laboured
to
recover
it
,
and
for
that
purpose
sent
several
trusty
Councelors
to
deal
with
the
Nobility
to
cast
off
the
Turkish
yoke
,
and
to
return
to
their
former
obedience
;
of
which
the
Turkish
Sultan
getting
notice
,
sent
to
the
Emperor
to
admonish
him
to
keep
inviolate
the
peace
concluded
between
them
,
and
not
to
meddle
in
the
affairs
of
Transylvania
,
though
at
the
same
time
,
by
his
Hostilities
in
Hungary
he
had
manisestly
broke
it
,
to
which
the
Emperor
replyed
he
was
on
his
part
resolved
to
keep
the
peace
inviolate
though
the
Sultan
had
already
broken
the
Articles
of
the
League
,
but
as
to
his
tamely
parting
with
his
Province
of
Transylvania
confirmed
to
him
by
the
same
League
,
he
would
resolve
nothing
therein
till
he
had
consulted
Princes
of
the
Empire
,
with
which
answer
the
Chiaus
returning
to
Constantinople
.
The
Emperor
Assembling
the
Estates
,
laid
before
them
the
just
Grievances
of
his
Subjects
,
and
the
indignities
offered
to
himself
,
with
the
manifest
breach
of
the
League
on
the
part
of
the
Turks
,
in
not
only
assisting
his
Rebels
,
but
with
great
Companies
of
themselves
,
making
great
spoil
in
his
Hereditary
Countries
.
To
which
the
Estates
answered
,
that
with
all
their
power
they
would
maintain
the
Dignity
of
the
Emperor
,
and
defend
the
Empire
,
of
which
resolve
Achmat
was
no
sooner
advertized
,
but
the
better
to
encourage
Bethlem
Gabor
,
to
invade
the
Emperors
Frontiers
,
he
sent
him
a
strong
power
under
the
command
of
Sander
Bassa
,
with
which
he
besieged
Lippa
,
and
had
it
delivered
to
him
,
as
he
had
also
had
several
other
places
of
less
importance
,
which
places
were
put
into
the
possession
of
the
Turks
,
but
to
remain
part
of
the
Transylvanian
Principality
.
Affairs
standing
thus
in
Transylvania
,
Moldavia
,
was
at
the
same
afflicted
,
and
brought
low
by
the
Tyranny
of
Stephano
their
Vayvod
,
who
the
better
to
secure
him
in
his
Estate
,
had
caused
most
of
the
Nobility
to
be
cruelly
and
shamefully
murthered
,
upon
which
the
Moldavians
disdaining
the
Tyrants
rule
,
who
was
wont
to
say
,
that
he
valued
not
his
Subjects
love
,
so
they
feared
him
,
rose
in
Arms
against
him
,
choosing
for
their
Prince
Alexander
son
to
Jeremy
their
former
Vayvod
,
who
with
a
great
power
entering
the
Countrey
,
had
many
strong
places
put
into
his
possession
,
which
the
Tyrant
understanding
,
and
finding
the
hatred
of
his
Subjects
generally
bent
against
him
,
he
fled
,
till
strengthened
by
a
supply
of
Turks
and
Tartars
,
he
again
returned
,
and
gave
the
Prince
Battle
,
but
was
therein
overthrown
;
after
which
Alexander
was
proclaimed
with
the
consent
of
all
the
Nobility
Vayvod
of
Moldavia
,
whereupon
he
sent
Ambassadors
to
the
Grand
Seigniour
,
to
inform
him
that
he
would
do
nothing
prejudicial
to
his
Imperial
Majesty
,
but
that
what
he
had
done
was
at
the
instance
of
the
Nobility
,
to
free
the
Countrey
from
a
Tyrant
,
but
e'r
these
Ambassadors
could
arrive
at
Constantinople
they
were
imprisoned
,
at
the
commandment
of
the
Bassa
of
Buda
,
and
being
afterward
put
into
the
power
of
Stephano
,
he
caused
their
heads
to
be
cut
off
and
their
bodies
to
be
cast
into
the
Danube
,
and
then
having
recruited
his
Forces
,
returned
again
into
Moldavia
,
where
in
a
second
battle
he
was
overthrown
,
and
most
of
his
Army
slain
,
himself
hardly
escaping
to
Michna
Prince
of
Valachia
;
but
soon
after
Alexander
,
having
notice
that
the
said
Michna
and
Hebraim
a
Turkish
Bassa
were
raising
great
Forces
to
assist
Stephano
,
he
sent
Boyartsk
ye
his
Ambassador
to
Michna
to
make
him
his
friend
,
or
at
least
to
perswade
him
to
desist
from
taking
part
with
the
Tyrant
,
but
the
proud
Bassa
,
contrary
to
the
will
of
the
Vayvod
Michna
,
caused
the
Ambassador
to
be
clapped
in
Irons
,
and
sent
prisoner
to
Constantinople
,
where
upon
his
arrival
,
contrary
to
the
Law
of
Nations
he
was
condemned
to
the
Gallies
,
to
excuse
which
,
the
Vayvod
sent
an
Ambassador
to
Prince
Alexander
,
promising
him
that
unless
it
were
by
the
absolute
command
of
the
Grand
Siegniour
,
which
he
durst
not
disobey
,
he
would
not
assist
his
Competitor
,
and
at
the
same
time
it
being
rumoured
that
Bethlem
Gaber
was
likewise
raising
Forces
to
invade
Moldavia
,
the
Prince
sent
an
other
Ambassador
to
him
,
who
to
the
Ambassador
protested
his
innocency
therein
,
and
that
he
intended
no
harm
to
Alexander
his
master
,
but
on
the
contrary
greatly
desired
his
friendship
,
and
for
his
fathers
sake
would
assist
him
in
what
lay
in
his
power
,
but
that
which
caused
a
great
trouble
in
Moldavia
was
the
death
of
Prince
Visnouviskie
,
who
was
poisoned
by
a
Greek
Priest
in
receiving
the
Sacrament
,
for
which
the
impious
actor
was
fryed
to
death
in
a
wyer
chair
,
having
first
confessed
that
he
was
induced
to
commit
that
hellish
exploite
,
at
the
instance
of
the
Princes
enemy
,
who
upon
the
Priests
detection
were
fled
.
Anno
161.
.
at
the
incessant
intreaty
of
Stephano
the
Sultan
sent
Skinder
Bassa
with
a
powerful
Army
to
to
restore
him
to
the
Vayvod-ship
of
Moldavia
,
whereupon
Prince
Alexander
sent
to
his
friends
as
well
in
Polonia
as
in
other
parts
of
Christendom
,
to
Aid
him
against
the
Common
Enemy
,
and
thereupon
received
great
Aid
,
especially
out
of
Polonia
,
under
the
leading
of
Prince
Coreski
,
who
shortly
after
Marryed
the
Princess
Alexandrina
,
Sister
to
Prince
Alexander
,
and
having
refreshed
the
Army
,
the
two
Princes
as
joynt
Commanders
,
marched
against
the
Bassa
,
and
in
a
set
battle
overthrew
him
near
unto
Cochona
,
together
with
the
Forces
of
Stephano
,
and
pursuing
their
Victory
entered
Valachia
,
where
entering
Bonza
without
resistance
,
he
was
by
the
Estates
of
that
Province
,
intreated
to
take
upon
him
the
Vayvodship
;
for
that
they
being
weary
of
the
Turkish
thraldom
,
from
which
Michna
their
Vayvod
had
absolutely
refused
to
free
them
,
they
resolved
for
that
reason
to
chuse
an
other
,
but
the
Prince
refused
the
charge
,
he
would
not
deprive
his
friend
of
his
possession
,
yet
consented
that
Prince
Cherbanne
son
to
the
late
Vayvod
should
take
the
charge
upon
him
,
but
whilst
these
things
were
in
agitation
Shindar
Bassa
had
gathered
a
great
power
;
and
proclaimed
Michna
Vayvod
of
Moldavia
,
Stephano
by
reason
of
his
frequent
overthrows
,
being
now
fallen
into
disgrace
with
the
Sultan
,
and
on
a
sudden
the
said
Bassa
with
his
multitude
invironed
the
Princes
Camp
,
where
he
together
with
his
mother
,
Prince
Coreskie
,
and
his
fair
Princess
Alexandrina
were
taken
prisoners
,
as
were
all
the
Camp
,
except
five
hundred
Polonians
,
who
under
the
leading
of
the
Lord
Tischevish
cut
their
way
through
the
Army
of
the
Turks
,
yet
for
a
long
time
the
Princes
remained
disguised
amongst
the
common
prisoners
,
in
hopes
of
being
admitted
to
their
ransoms
,
but
at
length
all
except
the
Princess
Alexandrina
were
carryed
to
Constantinople
;
but
she
falling
into
the
hands
of
a
Tartarian
Captain
,
was
carryed
into
Tartary
,
where
she
was
hardly
dealt
with
,
till
at
length
she
was
ransomed
for
3000
Chequins
,
having
during
her
Captivity
been
delivered
of
a
fair
son
.
The
year
following
the
Turks
spoiled
the
Seacoast
Towns
of
Italy
,
taking
many
rich
prizes
,
and
had
the
like
repayed
them
by
the
Christian
Gallies
in
the
Mediterranean
,
and
greater
mischiefs
had
insued
had
not
Achmet
the
Turkish
Sultan
died
,
having
lived
thirty
years
,
and
reigned
fifteen
,
appointed
by
reason
of
his
sons
minority
,
his
brother
Mustapha
whom
he
had
a
long
time
kept
prisoner
,
to
succeed
him
in
the
Ottoman
Empire
.
CHAP.
XIX
.
Mustapha
the
first
of
that
Name
Ninth
Emperour
of
the
Turks
his
Life
and
Actions
.
AChmat
being
dead
Mustapha
his
Brother
,
(
the
First
that
had
been
saved
alive
since
the
foundation
of
the
Ottoman
Empire
)
succeeded
him
by
his
appointment
,
his
Children
of
which
Osman
was
the
Eldest
being
too
weak
to
sway
the
Scepter
of
so
mighty
an
Empire
.
So
that
this
Mustapha
,
brought
from
a
straight
Prison
every
day
expecting
Death
,
now
advanced
to
a
Throne
to
rule
the
East
,
forgeting
his
former
devout
Life
,
began
to
Tyrannize
over
his
Subjects
more
then
his
Predecessors
;
which
caused
him
to
be
hated
of
many
,
especially
for
that
he
imprisoned
the
French
Ambassador
and
his
servants
,
breaking
thereby
the
Law
of
Nations
;
upon
pretence
that
they
had
been
instrumental
in
the
escape
of
Prince
Coreskie
out
of
the
Black
Tower
,
who
by
the
assistance
of
a
Greek
Priest
descended
from
the
top
thereof
,
on
a
rople
Ladder
drawn
up
by
a
bottom
of
Packthred
brought
in
a
Pie
to
the
said
Prince
by
the
Ambassadors
Secretary
,
though
contrary
to
his
knowledge
,
with
the
Prince
likewise
escaped
one
Rigaut
a
French
Captain
,
who
by
the
assistance
of
the
said
Priest
,
disguised
in
Priestly
Vestments
for
that
purpose
prepared
,
got
passage
into
Italy
,
notwithstanding
all
the
Ports
were
beset
with
their
pursuers
.
Nor
was
the
Ambassador
only
imprisoned
but
his
servants
and
himself
evilly
intreated
,
especially
the
former
,
two
of
which
were
put
to
the
torture
according
to
the
Turkish
manner
,
which
is
to
Iay
them
upon
their
Belly
on
a
Table
,
and
to
beat
their
Buttocks
,
the
Calves
of
their
Legs
,
and
Soles
of
their
Feet
,
with
a
flat
staff
,
giving
them
ere
they
cease
100
or
200
blows
,
yet
the
Servants
confessed
nothing
,
whereupon
they
caught
a
Weaver
being
a
Turk
,
whose
Shop
was
near
the
Ambassadors
house
:
whom
they
tortured
in
the
like
manner
,
but
he
as
the
others
had
done
could
reveal
nothing
against
the
Ambassador
,
who
for
all
that
was
obliged
to
pay
30000
Sultanies
for
his
own
release
and
his
Servants
.
These
and
such
like
insolencies
,
together
with
the
Imprisonment
of
young
Osman
and
his
Brethren
,
made
the
Grand
Vizar
,
who
was
then
on
the
Confines
of
Persia
to
haste
to
Constantinople
with
his
Army
,
at
whose
approach
Osman
was
taken
out
of
Prison
and
Proclaimed
Emperour
(
so
suddain
are
the
changes
of
fortune
in
great
as
well
as
little
affairs
)
and
the
proud
Sultan
Mustapha
inforced
for
fear
of
the
inraged
Souldiers
to
betake
himself
again
to
his
Cell
,
or
rather
Prison
,
where
for
a
while
I
shall
leave
him
,
and
relate
what
happened
during
the
Reign
of
Osman
.
CHAP.
XX.
The
Life
and
Actions
of
Osman
the
First
of
that
Name
,
Tenth
Emperour
of
the
Turks
.
THE
Uncle
after
he
had
proudly
Tyrannized
for
the
space
of
two
Months
,
being
deposed
,
the
Nephew
was
advanced
to
his
Fathers
Throne
,
being
not
full
Thirteen
years
of
Age
,
wherefore
he
was
wholly
governed
by
the
Vizar
Bassa
,
as
was
also
the
whole
Ottoman
Empire
,
when
the
first
thing
of
moment
that
happened
was
the
complaint
of
the
French
King
,
by
two
Gentlemen
sent
for
that
purpose
,
by
whom
he
demanded
reparation
of
the
new
Emperour
for
the
indignity
he
had
sustained
by
the
Imprisonment
of
his
Ambassador
,
and
the
evil
treating
of
his
Servants
,
letting
him
understand
that
he
could
not
send
any
other
Ambassador
to
his
Court
to
condole
the
Death
of
Sultan
Achmat
his
Father
,
nor
congratulate
his
coming
to
the
Empire
till
he
had
received
satisfaction
from
him
becoming
his
dignity
.
and
the
wrongs
he
had
received
in
his
Ambassador
.
The
Grand
Vizar
and
Mufti
hearing
this
Embassie
,
and
considering
what
had
passed
,
advertised
the
young
Emperour
to
send
an
Ambassador
to
the
most
Christian
King
,
to
Confirm
the
League
,
and
to
testifie
both
by
Words
and
Letters
,
how
much
he
was
dissatisfied
for
his
discontent
;
whereupon
Vri
Chiaus
was
sent
with
ample
instructins
,
and
so
great
an
acknowledgment
of
the
wrong
done
to
the
Baron
of
Mole
,
that
the
French
King
rested
satisfied
,
and
calling
the
said
Ambassador
home
,
he
sent
the
Earl
of
Sezi
to
succeed
him
as
Ambassador
at
Constantinople
.
The
War
continuing
between
the
Turks
and
Persians
,
about
this
time
a
great
Battle
was
fought
between
them
,
wherein
the
Turks
prevailing
put
the
Persians
to
flight
with
the
lost
of
Ten
Thousand
of
them
,
and
thereupon
the
Bassa
General
of
the
Turkish
Army
,
prosecuting
his
victory
entered
into
the
heart
of
Persia
,
wasting
with
Fire
and
Sword
all
that
stood
in
his
way
,
but
at
length
having
through
daily
skirmishes
with
the
Enemy
,
and
Diseases
arising
from
want
and
evil
Diet
,
lost
a
third
part
of
his
Army
,
he
accepted
of
the
Sophies
proposals
of
Peace
,
which
were
that
he
would
yearly
pay
the
Tribute
of
Silks
,
and
at
present
relieve
his
Army
with
all
things
necessary
.
This
Peace
concluded
by
the
Bassa
was
allowed
on
by
the
Emperour
and
Ratified
at
Constantinople
,
whereupon
Two
Hundred
Cammels
laden
with
Silks
were
for
many
years
after
sent
to
the
Emperour
according
to
Agreement
.
Anno
1618.
A
fearful
Comet
was
seen
over
the
City
of
Constantinople
,
in
form
like
a
Turkish
Scimiter
,
placed
near
unto
the
Zenith
under
the
Horizon
,
of
a
fiery
colour
,
appearing
very
terrible
for
the
space
of
eight
nights
which
made
many
conjecture
it
the
forerunner
of
great
bloodshed
.
Vri
Chiaus
returning
out
of
France
after
he
had
dispatched
his
affairs
at
that
Court
,
came
into
England
,
where
he
was
received
and
conducted
to
the
Court
,
and
had
Audience
of
King
James
his
Speech
being
as
followeth
.
The
Most
True
Incomprehensible
and
Most
High
God
,
increase
and
multiply
your
Majesties
years
,
in
all
happiness
,
Amen
,
O
Thou
Lord
of
the
World
.
THE
most
invincible
,
most
mighty
,
and
most
happy
Sultan
Osman
Chan
of
the
Othoman
Empire
Monarch
,
sendeth
to
your
excellent
Majesty
a
hundred
thousand
Salutations
and
Greetings
,
evermore
praying
the
most
High
God
,
for
your
Majesties
happyness
,
sendeth
to
your
Highness
with
all
possible
Honour
and
Renown
,
this
his
Imperial
and
most
Noble
Letter
,
and
with
all
hopeth
that
the
Sacred
bond
of
Peace
,
which
hath
been
hitherto
inviolably
on
your
Majesties
part
kept
and
observed
,
your
Majesty
will
be
pleased
still
on
your
part
,
with
daily
increases
of
more
and
more
Friendship
earnestly
to
continue
therein
.
And
his
Imperial
Majesty
on
his
behalf
is
also
resolved
in
like
manner
evermore
punctually
to
keep
and
continue
the
same
.
Also
the
most
Mighty
Emperours
Tutor
,
and
his
chief
Visier
Bassa
,
hath
addressed
to
the
dust
of
your
Noble
Feet
,
this
his
most
Honourable
Letter
,
with
a
Thousand
commendations
,
praying
everlastingly
the
Mighty
God
,
for
Your
Majesties
long
Lise
and
Happyness
.
Also
Your
Majesties
Ambassador
at
Constantinople
,
your
slave
Paul
Pindar
bowing
his
forehead
to
the
dust
of
your
Majesties
Feet
,
and
most
humbly
kissing
your
Highnesses
blessed
Feet
,
hath
directed
unto
your
Majesty
this
his
submissive
Letter
.
This
Speech
ended
,
and
the
Emperours
Letter
delivered
with
such
other
as
the
Chiaus
brought
,
he
was
by
the
Kings
command
in
great
splendor
conducted
to
his
Lodging
,
where
after
five
or
six
days
stay
,
he
came
again
to
Whitchall
and
made
his
conjue
of
leave
upon
his
departure
in
these
words
,
as
near
as
they
can
be
Translated
out
of
the
Turkish
Language
.
Most
happy
Emperour
,
as
I
have
with
my
own
hands
howing
my self
to
the
dust
of
your
Princely
feet
,
presented
unto
your
Excellent
Majesty
,
the
most
mighty
and
high
Sultan
Osman
my
Lord
and
Master
his
Imperial
Letter
,
so
likewise
I
beseech
your
Majesty
,
that
you
will
be
pleased
in
conformity
thereof
,
to
vouchsafe
your
Princely
answer
by
your
noble
Letter
,
and
to
deliver
the
same
into
the
hands
of
me
your
slave
,
and
be
ever
partaker
of
all
blessedness
and
happiness
.
After
he
had
made
this
Oration
and
received
the
Kings
Letters
,
he
was
conducted
to
Dover
by
several
of
the
Nobility
,
where
imbarking
in
one
of
His
Majesties
Ships
he
sailed
to
Constantinople
.
Anno
1619
great
trouble
arose
in
Bohemia
upon
the
Emperours
sending
an
Army
into
that
Country
to
suppress
the
Protestant
Religion
there
flourishing
,
so
that
the
Protestants
tired
with
the
cruelties
of
the
popish
Souldiers
sent
to
Bethlem
Gabor
Prince
of
Transilvania
,
to
acquaint
him
with
the
state
of
their
affairs
,
who
after
he
had
obtained
leave
of
the
Grand
Signeour
,
came
with
an
Army
of
Eighteen
Thousand
men
into
Hungary
,
and
took
many
Towns
,
spoiling
the
Countrey
as
he
went
,
nor
so
contented
but
he
entered
Austria
,
Stiria
,
and
Carinthia
,
subdued
all
before
him
without
opposition
,
but
fearing
if
the
Bohemians
should
be
subdued
,
the
storm
would
fall
upon
him
,
he
would
not
make
a
League
with
the
Bohemians
tell
he
was
assured
of
the
Grand
Signeours
assistance
in
case
his
affairs
required
in
whereupon
he
sent
his
Ambassador
to
Constantinople
,
who
so
dealt
with
the
great
Bassa's
of
the
Court
that
by
their
advice
Osman
swore
to
protect
him
,
and
because
the
Oath
for
the
strange
wording
of
it
will
not
be
amiss
to
be
recited
I
shall
here
insert
it
verbatim
.
Sultan
Osman
,
BY
the
Grace
of
God
unconquerable
Turkish
Emperour
Swears
,
by
the
highest
Almighties
,
and
Almighty
Gods
Holiness
,
by
his
Kingdom
,
by
the
substance
of
the
Heavens
,
the
Sun
,
the
Moon
,
and
the
Stars
,
by
the
Earth
,
and
all
under
the
Earth
,
by
the
Brains
and
all
the
hairy
scalp
of
my
Mother
,
by
my
Head
,
and
all
the
strength
of
my
Soul
and
Body
,
by
the
Holy
and
great
Mahomer
,
and
by
my
Circumcision
,
That
I
thee
my
Brother
and
Son
Bechlem
Gabor
succeeding
King
of
Hangaria
in
no
manner
of
way
in
thy
great
and
weighty
affairs
will
leave
,
though
it
be
to
the
overthrow
of
my
Kingdom
to
be
brought
to
nothing
,
until
there
shall
be
no
more
left
but
my self
,
or
four
or
five
Turks
at
the
most
,
yet
will
I
be
still
obliged
to
desend
thee
,
and
all
those
that
do
any
ways
appertain
unto
thee
,
and
if
thou
shalt
have
need
of
me
,
I
shall
be
always
ready
to
go
with
thee
,
and
in
case
this
my
promise
shall
in
any
wise
be
frustrated
,
then
let
Gods
Justice
fall
upon
my
Head
and
destroy
me
and
my
posterity
,
and
wipe
away
whatsoever
belongeth
unto
me
,
and
gather
it
together
into
a
Rock
of
stone
or
substance
of
Earth
,
and
that
the
Earth
may
cleave
insunder
and
swallow
me
Body
and
Soul
.
Dated
at
Constantinople
the
5th
.
of
Jan.
1619.
The
Transilvanian
by
this
Oath
assured
of
the
Grand
Signeours
favour
sent
his
Ambassadors
to
Prague
,
where
meeting
with
the
Commissioners
sent
thither
for
that
purpose
by
the
States
of
Bobemia
,
a
perpetual
League
was
concluded
,
and
in
June
following
the
Prince
assembled
the
Estates
of
Hungary
at
Newhausell
,
where
he
proposed
to
them
the
necessity
of
raising
an
Army
,
to
defend
the
Provinces
,
against
the
Forces
of
the
Imperialists
,
who
by
their
great
preparations
made
it
visible
that
they
would
no
peace
till
they
had
destroyed
all
the
Protestants
,
to
this
motion
the
Estates
consented
,
when
at
the
same
time
came
their
Ambassadors
from
the
Grand
Signeour
,
the
Venetians
and
Polonians
,
all
which
made
in
the
names
of
the
respective
principals
a
League
with
Gabor
,
which
so
much
pleased
the
Estates
of
Hungary
,
willing
to
shake
off
the
Imperial
yoke
that
by
the
advice
of
their
Palatine
,
the
Transilvanian
was
proclaimed
King
of
Hungary
,
upon
which
raising
an
Army
of
Fifty
Thousand
Horse
and
Foot
,
he
subdued
almost
all
Austria
,
Carinthia
,
and
Stiria
,
before
the
Emperours
Forces
could
take
the
Field
in
any
fit
number
to
make
head
against
him
,
at
what
time
such
a
fear
was
brought
upon
the
great
City
of
Vienna
,
that
with
the
Emperours
consent
the
Protestants
remaining
therein
,
sent
their
Deputies
humbly
to
beseech
him
that
he
would
spare
the
City
and
Countrey
for
theirs
their
Wives
and
Childrens
sakes
.
About
this
time
a
strange
apparition
was
seen
in
the
Air
over
Medina
Taluabi
in
Arabia
,
where
Mabomet
the
Impostor
lyes
buryed
,
which
terrified
all
the
Countrey
thereabouts
,
and
was
as
followeth
,
about
the
20th
.
of
September
at
midnight
there
happened
a
terrible
Tempest
,
accompanied
with
such
prodigious
Thunder
and
Lightning
,
that
many
thinking
the
dissolution
of
all
things
was
at
hand●
leaped
out
of
their
Beds
to
gaze
on
the
Element
,
at
first
seeming
all
on
Fire
,
and
then
covered
with
thick
darkness
,
after
which
all
was
serene
and
calm
,
when
in
Arabian
Characters
these
words
appeared
in
the
Firmament
,
viz.
O
why
will
you
believe
in
lies
,
and
soon
after
a
Woman
beautiful
to
behold
,
arrayed
in
white
and
incompassed
with
rayes
of
Light
appeared
,
holding
in
her
hand
a
book
,
coming
from
the
North
,
and
opposite
against
her
were
seen
Armies
of
Turks
,
Persians
,
and
other
Mahometans
,
being
so
conjectured
by
their
garbs
ranged
in
Battalia
,
ready
to
charge
her
,
but
she
keeping
her
standing
no
sooner
opened
the
book
but
they
all
fled
,
upon
which
a
suddain
murmur
as
of
a
Whirlwind
troubled
the
Air
,
and
immediately
the
lamps
that
were
placed
about
Mahomets
Tomb
went
out
,
and
in
this
manner
the
Prodigy
appeared
for
several
nights
together
,
whereupon
a
Dervice
or
Religious
Turk
undertaking
to
expound
the
meaning
of
that
unusual
sight
,
and
declaring
that
it
foreshewed
the
overthrow
of
the
Mahometan
superstition
,
he
was
therefore
miserably
put
to
death
,
calling
to
the
last
upon
the
Woman
with
the
Book
to
save
him
,
and
he
had
no
sooner
given
up
the
ghost
but
a
fearful
Tempest
insued
.
Anno
1620
Gasparo
the
expulsed
Vayvod
of
Moldavia
assisted
by
the
Polish
Cossacks
,
and
such
other
Troops
as
he
could
raise
invaded
Moldavia
,
in
which
the
Suitan
had
placed
another
Vayvod
,
and
in
revenge
of
a
design
the
Turks
had
to
strangle
him
during
his
Vayvodship
,
made
great
spoil
putting
all
the
Turks
he
found
to
the
Sword
,
and
reducing
great
part
of
that
Province
to
his
obedience
,
which
caused
the
Sultan
to
raise
a
great
power
,
drawing
all
his
choice
Forces
out
of
both
the
Asia's
to
the
number
of
Two
hundred
thousand
and
caused
a
great
Fleet
of
Gallies
to
put
to
Sea
,
which
spoiled
the
Coast
of
Sicilia
and
Landing
Five
Thousand
Turks
in
the
Kingdom
of
Naples
,
surprized
the
strong
Town
of
Manfredonia
,
carry
1500
Christians
into
miserable
Captivity
,
and
then
joyning
with
the
Pirates
of
Argier
they
made
a
descent
upon
the
Island
of
Janisa
near
Majorca
,
possessed
by
the
Spaniards
,
which
Island
they
took
making
great
spoil
,
putting
to
the
Sword
and
carrying
into
Captivity
all
the
Inhabitants
.
The
Turks
thus
successful
at
Sea
made
them
the
less
doubt
their
success
by
Land
,
therefore
having
found
an
occasion
of
quarrel
with
the
Polonian
King
,
for
that
the
Cossacks
in
revenge
of
the
injury
they
sustained
by
the
Tartars
,
had
manned
out
many
small
vessels
and
spoiled
the
Turks
Sea-Coast
Towns
upon
the
Bosphorus
,
giving
an
overthrow
to
their
Gallies
,
and
brought
away
great
spoiles
)
Osman
in
person
at
the
head
of
300000
men
,
passing
through
Moldavia
which
he
again
reduced
to
the
obedience
of
the
new
Vayvod
,
he
entered
Podalia
Anno
Dom.
1621.
where
he
found
the
great
Chancelour
of
Poland
,
and
the
Prince
Son
to
the
Polonian
King
strongly
intrenched
with
an
Army
of
50000
resolute
Souldiers
,
and
because
he
could
not
draw
them
out
of
their
strengths
he
with
his
multitude
inclosed
their
Camp
.
So
that
by
the
frequent
attacks
and
sallies
that
were
made
,
a
great
number
were
slain
on
both
side
,
but
especially
of
the
Turks
;
during
which
the
Tartarian
Prince
then
assisting
Osman
with
30000
light
Horsemon
marched
into
the
heart
of
Poland
burning
and
destroying
all
before
him
in
a
most
terrible
manner
,
and
upon
his
return
to
the
Camp
besides
other
spoils
brought
with
him
25000
Prisoners
of
the
poor
Countrey
people
which
his
ravenous
crue
had
scraped
together
,
but
after
two
months
besieging
the
Polish
Camp
,
want
growing
great
in
the
Sultans
Army
,
and
by
reason
of
the
advancement
of
the
Season
such
terrible
Rains
fell
,
that
Tents
,
Horses
,
Men
,
and
Carriages
were
frequently
carryed
away
by
the
impetuosity
of
the
Torrents
thereby
occasioned
.
The
Turks
desirous
to
depart
sent
to
the
Chancelor
to
treat
of
Peace
,
which
at
the
earnest
instance
of
Radulae
Prince
of
Valachia
was
hearkened
to
,
and
soon
after
accorded
the
principal
points
being
these
.
First
,
That
the
Emperour
should
raise
his
Army
,
and
retire
from
the
Confines
of
Poland
,
and
that
the
Tartars
the
occasion
of
this
War
,
should
send
an
Emirze
(
that
is
one
of
their
Princes
)
to
reside
as
a
pledge
to
secure
them
from
insuing
incursions
.
The
Chancelor
in
the
Name
of
his
Master
promising
to
send
another
Pledge
to
reside
in
the
Court
of
Tartary
,
with
condition
to
pay
yearly
Forty
Thousand
Florins
as
a
donative
from
the
King
of
Poland
,
promising
moreover
for
the
better
maintainance
of
the
Peace
to
maintain
a
Resident
in
the
Ottoman
Court
,
and
by
every
such
Ambassador
to
send
a
rich
Present
,
and
as
the
Grand
Signours
Ambassador
that
was
to
reside
in
the
Court
of
Poland
,
should
undertake
to
secure
the
incursions
of
the
Tartars
,
so
the
Polish
Ambassador
should
undertake
the
same
for
the
Cossacks
,
and
that
the
Merchants
of
Poland
should
have
free
Trade
with
the
Subjects
of
the
Grand
Signeour
making
their
usual
Presents
,
and
this
Peace
not
to
be
binding
till
such
time
as
the
Achiaus
should
arrive
in
the
Polish
Court
with
the
overtures
,
and
in
the
mean
time
a
Parliament
to
be
assembled
for
the
Ratification
of
these
Articles
.
Affairs
being
brought
to
this
pass
Osman
raised
his
Camp
,
and
returned
to
Adrinople
,
having
lost
in
this
Expedition
eighty
thousand
of
his
men
,
and
of
the
Poles
by
reason
of
the
unseasonableness
of
the
weather
,
and
their
often
skirmishes
,
no
less
then
twenty
thousand
perished
.
Now
upon
notice
of
the
Turks
approach
,
at
the
request
of
the
Polonian
King
,
the
Emperor
of
Germany
,
had
sent
to
his
assistance
eight
thousand
high
Dutch
Souldiers
,
upon
notice
of
which
Osman
in
a
great
rage
proclaimed
war
against
the
Emperor
,
charging
him
with
the
manifest
breach
of
the
League
between
them
,
though
himself
had
been
the
first
aggressor
,
by
aiding
the
Transilvanian
,
but
the
King
of
Poland
understanding
,
that
what
had
happened
was
upon
his
account
,
(
and
that
Osman
kept
his
Army
on
foot
about
Adrinople
,
intending
to
invade
the
Emperors
Countrey
early
in
the
spring
,
for
that
purpose
having
caused
twenty
thousand
Tartars
to
stay
upon
the
frontiers
)
he
called
the
Turkish
Chiaus
before
him
,
and
declared
that
unless
the
Grand
Seigneour
his
master
changed
his
purpose
,
he
could
not
conclude
with
him
any
peace
,
for
as
much
as
he
was
bound
to
assist
the
Emperor
his
confederate
,
if
his
Countries
were
invaded
,
which
resolve
of
the
Kings
being
made
known
to
Osman
by
his
Chiaus
,
he
called
a
Council
of
his
Bassa's
wherein
it
was
concluded
that
he
should
leave
Adrinople
,
and
instantly
set
forward
for
Constantinople
,
which
was
accordingly
put
in
execution
,
and
the
Tartars
on
the
Frontiers
dismissed
,
so
that
the
war
intended
against
the
Emperor
being
laid
aside
,
news
came
that
the
Emir
of
Syria
was
risen
in
Rebellion
,
and
had
possessed
himself
of
the
City
and
Castle
of
Tripolis
;
whereupon
60
thousand
Chequins
were
delivered
out
of
the
Treasury
,
to
repair
the
Grand
Seigniors
Pavillions
and
Carriages
,
himself
with
a
powerfull
Army
intending
to
make
an
Expedition
against
the
Rebel
,
though
contrary
to
the
advice
of
most
of
his
Bassa's
,
and
the
Mufti
,
who
alledged
that
it
was
altogether
needless
,
for
his
Majesty
to
expose
himself
to
the
ill
conveniencies
of
such
a
war
,
as
by
the
meanest
of
his
Bassa's
might
be
expiated
,
it
being
certain
,
that
the
Emir
would
not
stand
his
Forces
,
but
upon
their
approach
fly
into
some
part
of
Christendom
,
and
therefore
if
he
set
out
his
fleet
of
Gallies
,
he
would
either
by
Sea
or
Land
fall
into
his
hands
,
nor
was
it
safe
to
leave
Greece
to
the
attempts
of
the
Christians
,
who
in
his
absence
might
spoil
it
at
their
pleasure
,
these
and
such
like
reasons
caused
him
to
decline
going
in
person
,
yet
he
sent
forth
his
Fleet
and
Army
after
the
best
manner
sending
for
Aid
to
Argire
and
Tunis
,
to
awe
the
Spaniards
likewise
,
who
had
sixty
Galleys
and
six
Gallions
at
Messina
,
prepared
as
was
then
conjectured
to
revenge
the
taking
of
Manfredo
,
and
the
spoil
the
Turks
had
made
upon
the
Coasts
of
Italy
the
year
before
,
another
Fleet
of
lesser
consequence
he
ordered
to
keep
the
black
sea
,
there
to
hinder
the
Cossacks
from
spoiling
his
Sea-Towns
;
after
which
,
contrary
to
the
Advice
of
his
Council
,
he
marryed
the
Grandchild
of
a
Sultan
a
wife
to
Pertan
Bassa
,
only
for
her
beauty
,
being
indeed
the
Paragon
of
her
sex
,
which
wedding
was
performed
without
any
solemnity
,
and
truly
this
marriage
was
greatly
disliked
,
for
that
his
Ancestors
for
many
years
past
,
had
not
marryed
at
all
in
respect
of
kindred
,
nor
taken
any
women
to
their
Concubines
of
the
Turkish
race
,
in
respect
of
kindred
,
and
that
which
rendred
this
young
Prince
more
contemptible
,
was
his
walking
up
and
down
the
City
in
disguise
,
with
a
Page
or
two
at
the
most
,
and
prying
into
Taverns
,
and
other
places
like
a
petty
Officer
.
Things
being
at
this
pass
,
news
came
from
the
Bassa
of
Buda
,
that
Bethlehem
Gabor
had
concluded
a
peace
with
the
Roman
Emperor
,
which
greatly
displeased
the
Sultan
and
his
Council
,
especially
for
that
the
peace
between
himself
and
the
Polack
was
not
yet
ratified
,
but
the
Polish
Ambassador
daily
expected
,
in
order
thereto
,
when
in
the
midst
of
his
perturbations
,
Sir
Thomas
Row
Ambassador
from
his
Majesty
of
Great
Brittain
,
arrived
at
the
Port
,
and
had
his
Audience
,
delivering
his
Majesties
Letter
,
wherein
he
demanded
redress
of
the
injuries
his
subjects
had
sustained
by
the
Pirates
of
Algire
and
Tunes
,
then
in
subjection
to
the
Sultan
,
as
likewise
the
delivery
of
several
of
the
Polish
Nobility
,
and
one
Scotch
Gentleman
,
which
had
been
taken
prisoners
in
the
late
expedition
into
Poland
,
and
amongst
them
the
Prince
Coreskie
,
who
had
formerly
made
his
escape
,
out
of
the
black
Tower
,
with
several
other
things
that
might
create
a
good
understanding
and
a
continuation
of
the
League
between
them
,
some
of
which
were
granted
,
and
the
other
denyed
,
as
the
Grand
Vizier
(
to
whom
the
management
of
that
affair
was
committed
)
thought
fit
,
little
to
the
satisfaction
of
his
Majesties
Ambassador
,
but
soon
after
the
Grand
Siegneor
sent
his
Letter
to
his
Majesty
,
containing
a
satisfactory
reply
to
all
that
was
demanded
,
except
the
release
of
the
Polish
prisoners
.
Anno
1622
,
The
Grand
Seigneur
,
not
hearing
of
the
Duke
Sbaraskie
,
chosen
Extraordinary
Ambassador
for
the
King
of
Poland
,
to
consummate
the
Peace
,
he
gave
it
out
that
he
would
go
to
Mecha
,
and
from
thence
to
Medina
in
Arabia
to
visit
Mahomets
Tomb
,
contrary
to
the
Council
of
Visiers
,
who
knew
not
the
design
,
and
even
to
the
hazzard
of
a
General
Revolt
,
for
they
were
jealous
that
under
colour
of
that
Voyage
he
had
some
other
project
,
and
that
the
Polish
Duke
arriving
in
his
absence
,
would
not
follow
him
at
a
venture
,
nor
treat
with
his
deputies
left
at
the
Port.
So
that
thereby
all
hopes
of
Peace
would
vanish
,
which
did
not
a
little
trouble
the
Turks
,
whose
Trade
was
greatly
impaired
by
the
roving
Cossacks
,
which
the
Emperor
understanding
,
and
resolving
not
to
delay
his
journey
,
(
or
indeed
his
design
to
cut
off
the
whole
order
of
the
Janizaries
,
for
the
insolencies
frequently
offered
him
,
by
those
Masterful
slaves
)
he
sent
to
hasten
Sbaraskie
,
upon
whose
arrival
a
peace
was
concluded
,
though
much
to
the
prejudice
of
his
Territories
in
Hungaria
,
and
now
that
obstacle
being
removed
,
he
sent
his
Carriages
over
into
Asia
,
with
all
his
Treasure
,
not
sparing
the
Plate
and
Ornaments
of
his
Pallace
,
which
made
the
Janizaries
mistrust
some
design
more
then
ordinary
,
whereupon
they
resolved
to
stop
his
proceedings
,
and
therefore
the
day
before
he
intended
to
depart
,
they
with
great
clamour
run
to
the
Seraglio
,
though
unarmed
,
and
demanded
Delavir
the
Vizier
Bassa
,
Hoja
the
Emperors
confessor
,
the
Caslariago
Governour
of
the
women
,
the
Deflardar
or
Treasurer
,
the
Cadelescher
or
chief
Judg
,
with
some
other
prime
officers
,
whom
they
said
had
Counselled
their
Emperor
to
undertake
this
dangerous
Voyage
,
for
which
they
resolved
to
punish
them
with
death
,
charging
the
Emperor
strictly
that
he
should
neither
go
to
Mecca
,
nor
pass
over
into
Asia
.
To
calm
this
Tempest
the
Emperor
came
forth
in
person
,
and
used
many
arguments
to
perswade
them
to
their
duty
and
Allegiance
,
promising
he
should
lay
aside
his
purpose
,
but
now
nothing
would
serve
these
miscreants
,
but
they
must
have
the
aforesaid
Officers
delivered
to
them
,
To
which
the
Emperor
replyed
,
that
his
honour
would
greatly
suffer
if
he
should
permit
his
friends
to
be
torn
from
him
,
but
if
they
had
offended
in
ought
,
and
it
was
proved
against
them
,
in
the
Divano
,
whether
they
should
be
brought
to
answer
any
accusation
that
should
be
objected
against
them
,
they
should
be
punished
by
Law
,
but
this
did
not
pacifie
them
,
for
they
clamoured
yet
louder
,
saying
they
knew
them
guilty
,
and
that
should
be
sufficient
;
whereupon
they
run
to
the
house
of
the
Hoja
,
and
not
finding
him
there
,
plundered
it
,
and
from
thence
passing
to
the
Grand
Viziers
house
,
they
thought
to
have
done
the
like
there
,
but
finding
it
fortifyed
,
they
set
Guards
in
several
parts
of
the
City
all
night
,
and
the
next
morning
came
before
the
Pallace
with
their
Arms
,
making
their
demands
as
before
;
whereupon
the
Hosa
Cadeleschar
and
Tefterdar
fled
,
and
were
not
for
a
time
found
,
as
likewise
did
the
Grand
Vizier
,
with
the
consent
of
the
Emperor
,
who
promised
himself
to
weather
this
storm
,
though
in
the
end
he
proved
too
weak
,
yet
was
the
Vizier
brought
back
by
a
Hermit
,
a
reputed
Saint
,
after
he
was
got
into
Asia
,
who
trusting
to
his
innocence
,
resolved
to
face
the
Tempest
,
but
the
rude
multitude
without
respect
to
his
Reverend
Age
,
and
great
Merits
,
having
gotten
him
into
their
power
,
cut
him
to
pieces
in
the
sight
of
the
Emperor
,
which
he
perceiving
would
,
though
too
late
,
have
fled
over
into
Asia
,
for
now
all
means
were
cut
off
,
for
the
Janizaries
had
stopped
the
Port
,
and
in
a
great
rage
demanded
Mustapha
the
Emperors
uncle
,
who
was
kept
a
prisoner
in
the
Seraglio
,
and
the
first
day
of
the
Tumult
by
the
Emperors
command
,
put
into
a
secret
vault
,
with
two
Negro
women
,
where
after
much
search
,
and
the
racking
of
several
servants
to
make
them
discover
him
,
he
was
found
and
born
in
Triumph
through
the
streets
,
to
the
old
Seraglio
,
having
not
yet
been
able
to
lay
hands
on
Osman
,
by
reason
he
kept
himself
within
his
strengths
,
but
hearing
they
intended
to
proclaim
his
uncle
Emperor
,
he
at
the
perswasion
of
the
Mufti
,
putting
himself
in
mourning
,
went
with
a
few
of
his
followers
,
and
amongst
them
the
Aga
of
the
Janizaries
,
to
the
old
Seraglio
,
and
presented
himself
to
the
inraged
Souldiers
with
tears
,
beseeching
them
to
return
to
their
former
obedience
,
and
Loyalty
,
offering
to
make
them
any
satisfaction
,
repenting
him
of
his
error
,
and
finally
invoked
them
by
the
merits
of
his
Father
and
all
his
Aneestors
,
to
have
some
pitty
upon
him
their
true
master
,
This
submission
a
little
calmed
their
fierce
natures
,
so
that
they
began
to
relent
,
and
had
again
acknowledged
their
Lord
,
had
not
the
Aga
,
supposing
to
Curry
favour
with
the
Emperor
,
sharply
reproved
them
of
ingratitude
and
disloyalty
,
which
again
raised
the
not
extinguished
fire
,
into
such
a
flame
,
that
it
was
no
more
to
be
subdued
;
but
first
having
slain
the
Aga
,
and
Huzein
Bassa
,
with
several
of
the
Emperors
followers
of
lesser
note
,
they
seized
on
his
person
,
and
carryed
him
before
Mustapha
,
demanding
sentence
against
him
,
when
as
the
forsaken
Prince
,
pleading
for
his
life
(
and
the
new
Emperor
,
not
knowing
how
to
condemn
,
only
nodding
in
token
that
they
might
do
what
they
pleased
)
They
after
a
consult
amongst
themselves
,
determined
only
to
imprison
him
whereupon
they
set
him
on
horse-back
,
an
insolent
Spahy
changing
Turbants
with
him
,
and
carryed
him
to
the
seven
Towers
,
denying
by
the
way
a
draught
of
water
,
and
then
returning
placed
Mustapha
in
the
Throne
proclaiming
him
Emperor
,
and
went
to
Sack
the
Houses
of
those
they
had
murthered
.
Mustapha
having
once
again
mounted
the
Throne
and
of
a
miserable
Captive
made
the
second
time
Emperor
,
was
perswaded
by
Darut
Bassa
,
a
villaine
raised
to
that
dignity
by
the
new
Emperor
,
that
if
Osman
lived
he
would
sit
uneasie
in
his
throne
,
and
that
the
Janizaries
cooling
on
the
matter
,
would
again
advance
him
the
rightful
Heir
of
the
Ottoman
Empire
,
whereupon
it
was
concluded
he
should
be
made
away
,
the
charge
of
which
was
committed
to
this
wicked
Counsellor
,
who
knowing
his
dignity
would
expire
with
Mustaphas
,
strangled
young
Osman
in
prison
,
after
he
had
reigned
three
years
and
some
odd
dayes
,
not
exceeding
sixteen
years
of
Age
,
and
so
an
end
was
put
to
the
design
he
had
to
subdue
the
German
Empire
,
and
afterwards
all
Europe
,
with
such
success
he
flattered
himself
,
little
remembring
that
when
man
proposes
,
God
disposes
.
One
thing
is
worthy
of
note
,
a
little
before
this
Tumult
happened
,
Osman
dreamed
that
he
rid
a
Camel
,
and
being
mounted
he
could
not
force
him
to
go
by
fair
means
nor
stripes
,
and
that
then
descending
in
a
rage
to
revenge
it
with
his
sword
,
the
body
of
the
beast
vanished
,
leaving
in
his
hand
only
the
head
and
bridle
,
at
which
dream
being
exceedingly
troubled
,
he
the
next
day
sends
for
one
of
his
Wizards
to
interpret
it
,
but
he
refused
,
perswading
him
to
apply
himself
to
the
Mufty
,
which
he
did
,
and
had
this
Interpretation
,
viz.
That
the
Camel
signified
his
Empire
,
his
Riding
his
abuse
in
Government
,
his
descension
or
alighting
,
his
deposing
,
the
vanishing
of
the
body
of
the
Beast
,
the
revolt
of
his
Subjects
,
the
head
and
bridle
remaining
in
his
hand
only
a
bare
Title
,
and
that
he
should
shortly
dye
and
lose
his
Empire
,
the
empty
name
only
of
Emperor
accompanying
him
to
his
grave
.
And
thus
much
for
Osman
Tenth
Emperor
of
the
Turks
.
CHAP.
XXI
.
Mustapha
Reinthronized
,
with
an
Account
of
his
proceedings
till
his
second
Deposing
.
MVstapha
having
as
has
been
related
,
caused
his
nephew
young
Osman
to
be
strangled
in
prison
,
he
made
several
new
Bassas
,
displacing
such
as
had
been
made
by
his
Predecessor
,
least
getting
power
they
should
revenge
the
death
of
Osman
,
nor
were
there
some
wanting
that
both
desired
and
attempted
it
,
especially
Mechmet
Bassa
Governour
of
Erzirum
,
in
●●sia
.
During
the
consternation
of
the
Asian
Turks
,
at
the
death
of
their
Emperor
,
putting
them
in
fear
the
Empire
would
be
dissolved
,
the
Persian
King
was
not
idle
,
but
with
a
powerful
Army
recovered
most
places
taken
from
him
,
by
the
Turkish
Sultans
,
and
the
like
might
have
been
effected
by
the
Christians
,
had
they
not
been
at
discord
amongst
themselves
,
so
that
,
that
much
dreaded
Empire
,
would
have
been
reduced
into
a
small
circumference
,
which
many
afterwards
though
too
late
repented
.
The
new
Sultan
altogether
governed
by
his
Imperious
Officer
not
yet
supposing
himself
fast
in
the
Throne
,
consented
to
the
making
away
the
brethren
of
Osman
,
and
children
to
Achmat
the
late
Emperor
,
in
order
to
Execute
which
bloody
purpose
,
the
Capi-Aga
or
Major
Domo
of
the
Seraglio
,
went
to
their
Lodgings
,
with
a
purpose
to
strangle
them
,
but
the
children
crying
out
,
several
of
the
Pages
run
to
their
rescue
,
and
falling
upon
the
messengers
of
death
,
slew
the
Capi-Aga
,
and
evilly
intreated
the
others
that
attended
him
,
and
thereupon
sent
word
to
the
Janizaries
and
Spahis
,
who
approved
of
their
proceedings
,
commanding
the
body
of
the
Aga
to
be
hanged
up
in
the
Hippodrome
,
as
a
terrour
to
those
that
should
attempt
the
like
for
the
future
,
and
in
a
rage
went
to
the
Pallace
demanding
Justice
on
them
that
had
Councilled
so
wicked
a
purpose
,
but
the
new
Emperor
,
who
differed
not
much
from
an
ideot
,
solemnly
protested
he
was
altogether
ignorant
of
the
matter
,
and
if
such
command
were
procured
,
it
was
gotten
by
sabreption
,
which
Protestation
was
easily
believed
,
yet
Darut
Bassa
,
and
the
Emperors
mother
were
vehemenly
suspected
,
when
to
appease
the
angry
souldiers
,
the
Bassa
was
displaced
from
the
Viziership
,
Hazein
Bassa
placed
in
his
stead
,
and
the
Emperors
mother
hid
in
the
Pallace
till
the
Tempest
was
over
,
which
could
be
no
otherwise
allayed
then
by
a
showr
of
Gold
Chequins
.
After
which
,
the
new
Vizier
protesting
either
to
reform
the
affairs
of
the
Empire
,
or
fall
a
Sacrifice
,
did
a
little
restore
the
face
of
Justice
,
by
making
examples
of
some
,
and
terrifying
others
with
threats
,
insomuch
that
he
was
looked
upon
as
a
man
fit
for
those
boisterous
times
,
nor
was
that
his
only
aim
,
but
he
resolved
when
once
settled
in
his
place
,
to
remove
Mustapha
,
and
place
Morat
brother
to
Osman
in
the
Imperial
seat
,
not
thinking
himself
safe
,
under
a
man
that
was
altogether
governed
by
an
imperious
woman
,
desirous
of
Rule
,
and
was
no
further
capable
of
the
passions
of
love
and
hate
then
they
were
infused
into
him
.
During
these
troubles
of
the
Ottoman
Empire
,
the
Duke
Sbaraskie
lay
upon
the
Frontiers
,
and
would
not
advance
to
ratifie
the
peace
between
the
King
his
master
and
the
new
Sultan
,
till
such
time
as
Sir
Thomas
Rowe
his
Majesty
of
Great
Brittains
Ambassador
,
then
resident
at
the
Port
had
given
him
his
faith
for
his
security
,
which
done
,
the
Duke
advanced
,
and
upon
his
arrival
at
the
Port
,
was
magnificently
entertained
by
the
new
Vizier
,
yet
e'r
any
thing
was
absolutely
concluded
,
a
matter
happened
which
had
like
to
have
turned
all
into
nothing
;
for
on
the
17
of
June
1622
Prince
Coreskie
,
who
had
been
taken
in
the
late
war
between
Osman
and
Sigismund
King
of
Poland
,
was
strangled
in
prison
at
Constantinople
,
which
put
all
into
murmur
and
deep
consideration
,
to
what
intent
it
was
done
,
when
so
great
a
ransom
might
have
been
had
for
his
release
,
but
most
believed
it
was
done
out
of
a
Politick
end
,
for
that
the
Prince
being
a
mortal
enemy
to
the
Turks
,
if
he
should
have
been
set
at
liberty
,
his
restless
nature
would
not
have
suffered
the
peace
to
have
continued
long
inviolable
,
yet
the
urgent
affairs
of
Poland
so
requiring
,
the
Peace
was
concluded
in
nineteen
Articles
,
much
to
the
advantage
of
the
Polonian
King
,
the
Turks
greatly
fearing
at
that
juncture
,
the
Christians
uniting
against
them
,
might
dismember
their
Empire
.
The
new
Vizier
by
this
time
having
won
the
affections
of
the
Souldiers
,
resolved
upon
his
former
purpose
of
Deposing
Mustapba
,
and
setting
up
Morat
Brother
to
Osman
,
then
a
child
,
and
the
better
to
forward
his
purpose
,
he
caused
the
Aga
of
the
Janizaries
,
and
several
Officers
of
the
Court
to
be
seized
,
as
contrivers
of
the
death
of
Coreskie
,
whom
himself
had
commanded
to
be
strangled
,
which
raised
another
Tumult
;
for
the
Janizaries
running
furiously
to
the
Court
,
demanded
their
Captain
,
whom
the
Bassa
had
ordered
to
be
put
to
death
,
and
had
done
great
mischief
had
he
not
been
delivered
,
nor
were
they
so
contented
,
but
peremptorily
demanded
the
head
of
the
Visier
,
solemnly
protesting
to
facrifice
him
for
the
affront
done
to
their
order
;
upon
which
escaping
through
the
Emperors
Garden
,
he
took
boat
and
passed
over
into
Asia
,
whereupon
they
sacked
his
house
,
and
found
therein
great
store
of
Treasure
,
they
likewise
demanded
the
heads
of
several
others
,
but
in
the
end
all
was
hushed
,
yet
they
proceeded
to
the
Election
of
a
new
Visier
,
making
choice
of
one
Mustapha
,
a
man
of
a
soft
nature
and
easily
ruled
,
who
scarcely
durst
do
Justice
for
fear
of
offending
any
man
,
which
proceeding
of
the
insolent
Janizaries
nevertheless
,
caused
the
wiser
sort
of
men
to
retire
from
office
and
imployment
,
and
to
the
insufficient
daily
change
and
ruine
;
for
the
Emperor
durst
not
move
but
by
the
directions
of
the
Souldiers
whose
creature
he
was
,
so
many
insolencies
were
frequently
committed
,
and
all
Asia
greatly
endangered
to
be
lost
,
for
at
Bagdat
antiently
Babylon
,
the
Captain
of
the
Janizaries
killed
the
Bassa
,
burnt
the
Mufti
,
and
gave
his
daughter
in
Marriage
to
one
Assan
Beg
,
pretender
to
an
Antient
Inheritance
of
a
bordering
Province
,
to
cantonize
that
part
nor
Asia
only
stood
in
suspence
what
to
do
,
but
the
Dominions
of
the
Turkish
Sultan
in
Africk
,
greatly
wavered
,
as
doubting
whom
to
obey
.
On
the
22
of
August
,
an
Extraordinary
Ambassador
from
Bethlehem
Gabor
Prince
of
Transylvania
arrived
at
the
Port
,
who
amongst
other
instructions
had
order
to
excuse
his
master
,
and
to
declare
the
reasons
,
why
he
had
made
peace
with
the
Emperor
,
without
the
knowledge
of
the
Sultan
,
which
were
,
that
the
war
had
continued
three
years
in
the
Kingdom
of
Hungary
and
had
so
wasted
the
Country
,
that
it
was
impossible
for
him
to
stay
longer
in
the
field
unless
he
would
have
exposed
his
Army
to
those
wants
,
that
would
have
reduced
him
to
have
accepted
of
an
inglorious
peace
,
or
to
have
suffered
a
great
part
of
his
Souldiers
to
perish
for
want
,
and
that
if
he
had
stood
out
upon
the
peace
concluded
between
the
Sultan
and
the
Polonian
,
the
whole
stress
of
War
would
have
rested
on
him
and
therefore
he
desired
to
be
excused
,
adding
that
he
meant
not
long
to
conserve
the
peace
,
therefore
desired
that
he
and
the
Bassa
of
Buda
might
have
it
in
joynt
Commission
to
raise
such
Forces
as
they
thought
convenient
to
invade
the
Empire
,
when
opportunity
offered
,
but
this
request
not
agreeing
with
the
interest
of
the
Sultan
it
was
rejected
.
About
this
time
the
Janizaries
in
a
tumultuary
way
came
to
the
Court
and
demanded
all
the
Offices
of
gain
,
and
to
be
Stewards
of
the
Revenues
of
the
Churches
which
are
great
as
likewise
to
take
the
Farms
of
Customs
wherein
they
committed
many
outrages
,
the
Visiers
not
daring
to
deny
them
any
thing
they
demanded
.
They
drunk
Wine
in
the
streets
without
prohibition
contrary
to
their
Law
,
and
exacted
money
of
the
Christians
to
purchase
it
,
and
if
denyed
took
it
by
force
,
and
murthered
without
being
punished
,
and
when
at
any
time
complaint
was
made
the
Magistrates
answered
they
durst
not
meddle
with
them
,
that
had
murthered
their
King
,
and
the
Bassa's
themselves
desired
the
complainants
patience
,
telling
them
that
they
would
bear
a
part
with
the
general
sufferance
.
About
the
same
time
the
Janizaries
in
the
Gallies
which
rid
before
Smirna
commanded
by
Halil
Bassa
,
aslaulted
against
his
will
the
houses
of
the
Christian
Consuls
,
insomuch
that
the
English
Consul
with
all
those
of
that
Nation
,
were
forced
to
run
naked
from
their
Lodgings
,
and
save
their
lives
by
swimming
to
the
Admirals
Gally
,
upon
which
the
masterless
Turks
ransacked
the
lower
part
of
the
house
there
,
making
spoil
to
the
value
of
Two
Thousand
Dollars
.
The
French
sustained
more
loss
,
and
the
Venetians
at
least
ten
Thousand
Dollars
,
the
Consul
having
likewise
one
of
his
men
cut
in
pieces
,
nor
could
the
Admiral
either
by
threats
or
intreaties
restrain
these
outrages
,
but
was
forced
for
the
prevention
of
further
mischief
to
put
to
Sea
.
In
Asia
there
were
three
Rebellions
,
one
at
Babylon
,
another
at
Arzirum
upon
the
borders
of
Persia
,
and
a
third
at
Mesopotamia
,
which
threatned
the
ruine
of
all
Asia
;
yet
to
prevent
the
worst
several
new
officers
were
made
,
and
an
Army
raised
in
Grecia
,
in
order
to
pass
the
Hellespont
,
but
in
the
end
nothing
was
done
more
then
assembling
to
little
purpose
,
all
the
Turkish
Forces
on
Europe
side
,
which
so
impoverished
the
Treasury
that
the
like
had
not
formerly
been
known
,
nor
were
any
Exactions
and
Extortions
omitted
to
raise
mony
for
defraying
the
necessary
charges
.
About
this
time
came
to
the
Court
of
Poland
,
an
Ambassador
from
the
great
Duke
of
Muscovy
to
intreat
a
peace
,
which
was
hardly
granted
by
reason
several
Letters
of
the
said
Ambassadors
being
intercepted
,
plainly
demonstrated
that
at
his
first
setting
out
his
designs
were
otherwise
,
upon
notice
that
a
Peace
was
concluded
with
the
Sultan
,
he
feigning
himself
sick
upon
the
Frontiers
,
had
sent
for
new
instructions
.
Darut
Bassa
who
had
married
Sultan
Mustapha's
Sister
falling
into
the
displeasure
of
the
Visier
,
he
so
dealt
with
the
Spahi
,
that
coming
to
the
Court
they
demanded
his
Head
for
the
murthering
the
late
Emperour
,
and
having
gotten
him
into
their
hands
were
about
to
behead
him
,
but
whilst
he
was
upon
his
knees
,
every
woman
expecting
the
fatal
blow
,
the
Janizaries
at
the
instance
of
the
Sultans
Mother
rescued
him
and
carryed
him
to
their
Colledge
,
promising
him
their
protection
,
for
which
he
bestowed
amongst
them
Forty
Thousand
Chequins
.
But
that
availed
not
,
for
soon
after
he
was
taken
thence
and
carryed
to
the
prison
where
he
had
murthered
young
Osman
and
there
strangled
,
now
the
better
to
please
the
Polonians
and
obstruct
the
cause
of
War
for
the
future
,
the
Ambassador
was
not
only
dispatched
with
several
Noblemen
of
Poland
,
who
had
since
the
late
War
remained
Prisoners
,
but
it
was
likewise
concluded
that
Jehan
Begh
,
the
Tartarian
Prince
,
Author
of
the
War
should
be
deposed
,
and
Michmet
Geheray
his
Cosen
,
and
first
of
the
Blood
,
late
Prisoner
at
the
Rhodes
,
should
succeed
him
in
that
large
Kingdom
.
Asia
was
still
in
doubt
to
be
lost
for
that
Abassa
Bassa
Governour
of
Arzirum
,
with
an
Army
of
one
hundred
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
had
siezed
upon
most
of
the
Provinces
,
though
without
doing
any
harm
to
the
inhabitants
,
but
wheresoever
he
found
any
of
the
Janizaries
he
sacrificed
them
to
the
Ghost
of
the
dead
Emperour
,
he
as
he
said
being
by
God
appointed
the
revenger
of
his
Death
,
and
for
that
cause
he
had
taken
up
arms
declaring
that
he
would
come
to
the
Port
and
demand
Justice
upon
the
Murtherers
,
and
that
if
he
was
found
a
Traytor
or
guilty
,
he
would
lay
down
his
head
willingly
;
but
if
those
he
accused
were
found
guilty
,
he
would
see
execution
done
,
nor
did
the
Nobility
of
Constantinople
much
disapprove
of
his
march
,
rather
esteeming
him
a
friend
then
an
Enemy
,
who
came
to
deliver
them
from
the
Tyranny
of
the
Janizaries
,
whose
insolencies
were
insufferable
.
Yet
to
prevent
the
worst
it
was
resolved
that
Mustapha
should
be
deposed
,
the
Janizaries
not
gainsaying
it
,
for
that
they
well
knew
they
alone
should
be
exposed
to
the
fury
of
the
Bassa
,
at
the
rooting
out
of
whose
order
he
chiefly
aimed
,
though
he
had
likewise
other
designes
which
were
to
wrest
the
Grand
Visiership
from
him
that
held
it
,
and
make
himself
Governour
of
the
young
Prince
Brother
to
Osman
,
whom
he
intended
to
advance
to
the
Empire
;
yet
rather
for
shew
then
otherwise
the
Souldiers
were
ordered
to
pass
the
Hellespont
in
great
numbers
,
but
the
Janizaries
would
not
stir
for
two
reasons
,
first
for
that
the
time
of
receiving
their
pay
was
at
hand
,
and
secondly
fearing
alone
to
be
exposed
to
the
fury
of
the
Asian
Army
,
greatly
doubting
that
if
it
came
to
a
Battle
their
Fellows
would
revolt
,
and
by
that
means
easily
bring
them
to
destruction
.
CHAP.
XXII
.
The
Life
and
Reign
of
Morat
or
Amurath
the
4th
.
the
11th
.
Emperour
of
the
Turks
.
IN
this
distraction
of
the
Ottoman
Empire
,
the
better
to
calm
the
tempest
ere
it
turned
all
into
confusion
by
Shipwracking
the
State
,
the
Grand
Visier
going
with
the
Janizaries
and
Spahi
to
the
Seraglio
,
demanded
to
speak
with
Mustapha
,
and
that
he
would
answer
them
a
few
questions
,
which
he
being
no
ways
able
to
do
,
and
refusing
to
appear
they
entered
the
Palace
,
and
took
thence
Morat
or
Amurath
Brother
to
Osman
,
and
Son
to
Achmat
then
about
14
years
of
Age
,
and
carrying
him
through
the
streets
in
triumph
,
caused
him
every
where
to
be
proclaimed
Emperour
to
the
great
content
of
the
Constantinopolitans
,
who
by
this
mutation
hope
for
peaceful
times
,
and
the
face
of
Justice
restored
which
for
many
months
had
abandoned
the
City
,
every
man
doing
in
a
manner
what
he
pleased
.
Thed
ay
after
this
innovation
the
young
Emperor
made
his
publique
entry
,
from
whose
lively
countenance
and
apparent
activity
,
every
one
promised
great
things
during
his
Reign
;
but
at
that
time
such
had
been
the
policy
of
the
covetous
Souldiers
whom
Mustapha
had
continually
supplyed
with
the
Imperial
Treasure
,
to
support
his
bad
Title
to
the
Turkish
Diadem
,
that
Money
was
wanting
to
supply
necessary
occasions
.
Insomuch
that
the
Janizaries
were
obliged
to
remit
the
Largess
usually
bestowed
upon
with
an
Augmentation
of
their
pay
at
the
Coronation
of
every
Emperour
,
and
that
money
which
was
found
was
for
the
most
part
adulterated
,
insomuch
that
the
Visier
sent
to
the
Ambassadors
of
the
Christian
Princes
residing
there
to
borrow
Thirty
Thousand
Dollars
,
and
narrow
search
was
made
after
the
Treasure
that
had
been
conveyed
away
by
the
Bassa's
that
bore
sway
during
the
distraction
in
which
search
Eight
Hundred
Thousand
Dollars
were
found
that
had
been
imbezled
by
the
Visier
Darut
.
During
these
Transactions
Abassa
Bassa
had
possessed
himself
of
all
most
all
Asia
,
whereupon
it
was
thought
necessary
by
fair
means
to
perswade
him
to
lay
down
his
Arms
,
and
the
rather
to
induce
him
so
to
do
,
the
Emperour
sent
unto
the
Capigi
Bassa
with
a
Vest
,
Sword
and
Letters
of
Credence
giving
him
thanks
for
the
love
he
had
shewed
to
his
Brother
and
his
Blood
,
but
now
the
revenge
belonged
to
himself
of
which
he
would
take
care
,
and
therefore
desired
him
if
he
were
a
true
subject
as
he
professed
himself
to
be
to
return
to
his
Government
of
Arzirum
,
after
having
dissolved
his
Army
,
and
there
to
rest
till
further
occasion
required
his
service
.
Upon
this
order
from
the
Emperor
he
excused
himself
,
that
the
far
advancement
of
the
season
would
not
permit
him
to
retire
,
but
promised
to
live
in
peace
until
the
spring
and
then
to
return
in
obedience
to
his
Government
.
Nor
was
this
all
for
the
Bassa
or
Emir
of
Sidon
was
up
in
Arms
,
and
with
an
Army
of
Thirty
Thousand
men
had
seized
the
strong
City
and
Castle
of
Damascus
,
and
was
supposed
to
hold
confederacy
with
the
Christian
Princes
being
himself
no
favourer
of
the
Mahometan
superstition
,
and
besides
he
was
a
Prince
by
descent
and
claimed
a
right
to
those
Countries
,
as
the
antient
inheritance
of
his
Predecessors
nor
was
the
Emperor
in
a
condition
to
repress
him
by
force
,
therefore
intreaties
were
used
as
to
the
former
with
many
large
promises
,
nor
was
the
Transilvanian
Prince
quiet
though
in
a
different
nature
,
for
contrary
to
his
League
with
the
Emperor
in
a
hostile
manner
he
entered
Hungary
,
and
possessed
himself
of
several
Towns
:
To
oppose
whom
the
Imperialists
raised
a
considerable
Army
and
incamped
in
the
way
he
was
to
pass
,
yet
was
his
coming
so
suddain
that
he
cut
off
seven
hundred
straglers
of
the
Imperialists
,
and
had
surprized
the
Camp
had
not
the
alarum
been
given
by
some
that
fled
,
yet
with
his
whole
Army
he
so
pressed
them
,
that
they
were
forced
to
betake
themselves
to
a
small
Town
Ghoding
upon
the
River
of
Moran
,
where
they
Fortified
under
a
Castle
that
defended
it
;
but
in
the
end
oppressed
with
cold
and
hunger
they
sent
to
the
Prince
to
make
truce
which
with
the
consent
of
Sultan
Morat
was
accorded
on
these
considerations
.
First
,
That
the
Emperour
should
disclaim
all
right
to
Hungary
,
and
should
leave
the
people
free
under
the
Government
of
the
Prince
of
Transilvania
.
Secondly
,
That
the
Prince
and
all
the
Provinces
that
had
sent
their
Ambassadors
to
the
Port
,
and
had
made
league
with
him
,
and
had
taken
the
Imperial
protection
should
be
restored
to
their
antient
Liberty
and
Estates
.
Thirdly
,
That
the
Emperor
should
pay
an
annual
Tribute
of
forty
thousand
Dollars
,
pretended
to
be
granted
in
the
dayes
of
Solyman
for
Austria
,
and
that
the
Prince
,
and
the
Bassa
of
Buda
,
should
have
full
power
,
if
they
found
it
convenient
at
any
time
to
conclude
a
Peace
on
the
part
of
the
Ottoman
Emperor
,
and
that
all
Cities
,
Towns
,
and
Castles
should
remain
in
the
hands
of
those
that
possessed
them
,
a
free
intercourse
of
Trade
being
allowed
between
the
Subjects
of
the
one
and
the
other
Empire
.
This
done
the
Prince
of
Transilvania
made
shew
as
if
he
would
redeem
all
the
poor
Captives
taken
by
the
Turks
at
his
own
charge
,
with
some
small
assistance
from
the
Imperialists
,
upon
whom
he
layed
the
fault
,
that
it
was
not
done
,
for
as
much
as
they
failing
to
send
their
Commissioners
to
treat
about
the
matter
,
the
Turks
in
the
night
time
decamped
,
and
carried
away
with
them
contrary
to
his
pleasure
twenty
thousand
Christians
into
miserable
Captivity
.
He
likewise
warned
the
Turks
to
keep
in
order
and
not
to
straggle
in
their
retreat
,
nor
to
commit
any
insolency
or
spoil
,
for
that
the
Country
was
all
in
Armes
,
and
already
inraged
,
but
they
not
following
his
Council
two
thousand
Hungarian
Horse
fell
upon
their
Rear
,
and
cut
off
six
hundred
of
them
;
whereupon
they
turned
head
and
destroyed
many
Villages
,
killing
and
taking
Prisoners
all
that
came
to
hand
,
and
amongst
the
rest
one
of
the
Hungarian
Lords
.
By
this
time
the
Persian
desirous
to
dismember
the
Ottoman
Empire
,
with
a
powerful
Army
entred
the
Turkish
Dominions
in
the
Province
of
Babylon
,
and
greatly
Alarumed
that
City
,
whereupon
a
war
was
proclaimed
against
him
at
the
Port
,
and
all
Souldiers
in
the
Emperors
pay
commanded
to
repair
to
the
rendezvous
upon
pain
of
Confiscation
,
and
their
wives
and
children
being
sold
for
slaves
,
it
was
likewise
propounded
that
a
reconciliation
should
be
made
between
the
Emperor
and
Abassa
Bassa
at
any
rate
,
least
he
should
joyne
with
the
Persian
,
and
that
being
so
gained
he
might
be
imployed
as
General
of
Turkish
Army
,
but
the
Janizaries
would
not
hear
of
the
advancement
of
their
mortal
enemy
,
but
rather
●esired
to
be
led
against
him
and
fight
it
out
to
the
utmost
,
but
the
Spahi
were
of
another
mind
,
as
rather
inclinable
to
the
Bassa
,
yet
the
Janizaries
displaced
their
Aga
,
for
disswading
them
therefrom
,
and
set
up
in
his
stead
a
page
of
the
Court.
Thus
whilst
it
was
unresolved
how
to
proceed
,
the
Persian
King
omitted
no
opportunity
,
but
Conquered
the
Province
and
City
of
Babylon
,
put
to
flight
Hafis
Bassa
,
General
of
that
defensive
war
,
and
took
prisoner
Chur
Hassen
Bassa
a
renowned
old
Souldier
,
and
cutting
in
pieces
all
that
opposed
him
,
found
means
to
seize
upon
Mosul
(
antiently
called
Ninivie
)
and
Laska
,
on
the
Persian
Sea
,
and
dividing
his
Army
,
sent
part
towards
Van
and
Diarbeck
,
and
the
other
towards
Mecha
,
incompassing
by
that
means
all
that
part
of
the
Turks
Dominions
.
About
this
time
his
Majesty
of
Great
Brittain
,
by
his
Ambassador
residing
at
Constantinople
,
complained
of
the
injuries
his
Subjects
Trading
in
those
Seas
,
had
sustained
by
the
Pirates
of
Argier
and
Tunis
,
who
in
two
years
space
,
had
taken
about
one
hundred
English
Vessels
,
most
of
them
richly
laden
,
wherefore
the
Ambassador
demanded
that
they
might
be
punished
for
violating
the
League
,
and
be
forced
to
restore
such
Vessels
with
their
lading
,
as
were
found
not
to
be
imbezled
,
or
that
they
might
be
left
to
his
Majesty
to
punish
without
any
offence
to
the
Grand
Seigneour
,
but
many
of
the
Bassas
being
interested
in
those
Piracies
,
nothing
more
could
be
procured
then
a
Letter
to
the
Bassas
of
those
two
Cities
,
to
send
their
Commissioners
to
to
the
Port
,
to
answer
to
what
was
objected
against
them
,
and
at
length
to
promise
not
any
more
to
molest
the
English
,
in
order
to
the
confirmation
of
which
,
several
Articles
were
drawn
,
and
delivered
to
Sir
Thomas
Rowe
,
then
residing
at
the
Port
,
with
the
Grand
Seigneours
Letter
of
command
to
the
Dage
Bassa
and
Divan
of
Argier
and
Tunis
to
forbear
assaulting
or
in
the
least
injuring
any
English
ships
,
or
the
Subjects
of
the
King
of
England
,
in
what
part
of
the
Ottoman
Empire
soever
they
resided
,
insomuch
that
the
fear
of
punishment
,
did
for
the
space
of
five
years
deter
those
Pirates
from
molesting
the
English
,
either
by
Sea
or
Land
,
and
the
better
to
ingratiate
themselves
,
they
delivered
six
hundred
English
Marriners
(
which
they
had
taken
at
divers
times
)
without
Ransom
,
but
upon
the
Expiration
of
the
years
aforesaid
they
again
robbed
and
spoiled
the
Merchants
ships
Trading
in
those
parts
,
but
were
frequently
met
withall
by
the
English
men
of
war
that
were
sent
into
those
Seas
to
secure
the
Traffick
.
Anno
1624
on
the
24
of
March
Ali
Bassa
the
great
Visier
,
by
whose
means
Morat
was
advanced
to
the
Crown
,
was
sent
for
into
the
Seraglio
,
where
being
questioned
by
the
young
Emperor
about
the
affairs
of
the
Persian
Invasion
,
and
not
answering
to
the
satisfaction
of
those
present
,
he
was
then
and
there
at
the
commandment
of
the
Emperour
beheaded
,
and
his
body
cast
out
into
the
street
(
which
caused
much
murmuring
amongst
his
friends
)
and
one
Creques
Mechemet
advanced
to
the
Dignity
of
Grand
Visier
,
but
he
was
not
settled
in
his
place
before
news
came
that
the
Roman
Emperour
had
entered
Hungary
with
an
Army
of
Fifty
Thousand
Horse
and
Foot
,
resolving
to
recover
the
Towns
a
little
before
take
by
Bethlem
Gabor
Prince
of
Transilvania
,
and
that
the
Cossack
with
four
hundred
Boats
were
abroad
in
the
Black
Sea
,
and
had
taken
many
vessels
laden
with
Provision
,
as
likewise
made
great
spoil
upon
the
Coast
.
To
prevent
which
the
Bassas
of
Buda
,
Temeswar
,
Bosna
,
Canisa
,
and
Agria
,
received
Orders
to
joyn
with
the
Transilvanian
,
and
several
Gallies
dispatched
into
the
black
Sea
,
nor
were
the
preparations
against
the
Persians
slackned
,
who
still
marched
on
conquering
,
for
by
this
time
Abassa
Bassa
upon
the
receipt
of
the
Grand
Signeours
pardon
had
submitted
himself
,
and
with
the
forces
under
his
command
marched
towards
the
frontires
,
to
joyn
with
Hafis
Achmet
Bassa
who
made
head
on
that
side
,
by
which
the
suspicion
of
the
Janizaries
being
removed
they
to
the
number
of
Thirty
Thousand
were
mustered
for
the
Wars
,
and
Forty
thousand
Spahi
,
their
rendezvous
being
appointed
about
Brussia
,
and
at
the
same
time
Biram
Bassa
was
dispatched
General
of
the
frontires
of
Poland
and
Bugdania
with
Four
thousand
Souldiers
,
and
Orders
to
command
all
the
Begs
and
Sanzacks
,
to
raise
such
forces
as
they
could
and
joyn
him
to
prevent
the
incursions
of
the
Cossacks
,
and
more
Gallies
sent
into
the
black
Sea
,
to
transport
Jean
Gheray
Han
Prince
of
Tartary
the
year
before
deposed
by
Mechmet
,
and
to
re-establish
him
in
his
Kingdom
,
but
Mechmet
having
notice
of
his
arrival
,
raised
an
Army
of
Sixty
thousand
Horse
,
and
drove
him
from
the
Land
with
the
slaughter
of
many
Turks
,
which
so
inraged
the
Grand
Signeour
that
as
he
said
,
his
honour
being
engaged
he
resolved
to
re-inthrone
him
,
for
Mechmet
was
suspected
of
holding
correspondence
with
the
Persian
,
to
whose
proceeding
the
Turks
and
Arabians
had
by
this
time
put
a
stop
,
but
failed
therein
,
for
the
Captain
Bassa
with
a
great
Army
Landing
the
second
time
was
routed
,
two
Bassas
and
about
Five
thousand
Turks
slain
,
as
many
taken
Prisoners
,
and
Twenty
pieces
of
Cannon
,
with
much
rich
Furniture
left
to
the
Tartars
,
who
by
that
means
found
that
they
were
able
to
deal
with
the
Turks
.
Things
falling
out
thus
in
Tartary
,
the
Cossacks
taking
the
advantage
of
the
Turkish
Fleets
absence
,
with
Eighty
Boats
or
small
Barks
entered
the
straights
of
Bosphorus
,
where
lying
before
Constantinople
,
they
brought
a
general
fear
upon
that
great
City
,
and
after
having
plundered
and
razed
several
Towns
upon
the
Sea
Ceast
,
they
returned
in
Triumph
unopposed
,
which
good
success
imboldened
them
with
a
greater
number
of
Vessels
to
adventure
a
second
time
,
when
as
before
they
returned
with
a
great
booty
,
the
Turks
not
being
able
to
prevent
it
.
About
the
same
time
the
Pirates
of
Tunis
and
Argiers
revolted
from
the
Grand
Signeours
obedience
,
and
robbed
many
of
his
Ports
in
the
Mediterranean
,
taking
such
Ships
as
they
found
therein
,
and
setting
fire
to
a
great
number
of
Storehouses
,
so
that
the
loss
the
Christian
Merchants
sustained
by
them
in
one
Expedition
amounted
to
4
Millions
of
Ducates
,
nor
did
they
less
harm
by
Land
to
such
as
bordered
on
their
Country
,
neither
regarding
Friends
or
Foes
any
longer
then
stood
with
their
conveniency
and
profit
,
being
indeed
Enemies
to
all
men
;
which
intestine
troubles
obliged
Morat
to
conclude
a
Peace
with
Mechmet
,
the
Tartar
Prince
dissembling
the
intentions
he
had
to
depose
him
,
laying
all
the
fault
of
what
had
happened
upon
the
Captain
Bassa
,
whose
head
had
like
to
have
gone
off
to
have
rendered
his
Masters
story
plausible
,
such
danger
are
those
in
that
live
under
a
Tyrant
,
whose
will
is
his
Law
,
not
weighing
Justice
nor
good
deserts
further
then
may
serve
his
purpose
.
Yet
blood
was
not
wanting
for
Huzein
Bassa
who
sometime
before
fled
,
being
taken
and
brought
to
Constantinople
,
where
(
after
in
hopes
to
save
his
Life
,
he
had
confessed
his
Treasure
)
he
was
strangled
.
Abassa
Bassa
notwithstanding
the
specious
shews
he
made
to
march
against
the
Persians
,
linger'd
greatly
,
which
gave
the
Janizaries
a
suspicion
that
he
had
contrived
the
matter
only
to
draw
them
into
his
danger
,
and
then
to
destroy
them
as
he
had
formerly
purposed
,
which
opinion
of
theirs
had
turned
all
again
into
confusion
,
had
he
not
at
that
instance
reconciled
himself
to
the
Grand
Visier
,
and
protested
that
he
would
not
hurt
the
Janizaries
,
but
use
his
Arms
in
defence
of
the
Empire
.
So
that
by
swearing
three
times
on
the
Alcoran
,
that
no
violence
should
be
done
on
either
side
,
all
animosities
vanished
,
the
Government
of
Arzirum
being
confirmed
to
him
,
and
he
allowed
a
competent
number
of
Souldiers
to
guard
the
frontires
,
as
likewise
places
of
trust
bestowed
upon
most
of
his
chief
Officers
,
but
upon
the
Janizaries
putting
many
of
his
Friends
to
the
Sword
who
had
yielded
themselves
to
the
Grand
Visier
,
he
in
a
rage
fell
into
their
quarter
,
making
slaughter
of
three
or
four
thousand
of
them
,
though
not
without
the
loss
of
as
many
of
his
own
men
,
but
finding
that
the
Visier
had
drawn
up
his
Army
in
Battalia
,
he
sounded
the
retreat
and
marched
to
his
Government
,
and
the
Visier
kept
on
his
way
towards
Diarbecher
to
seek
the
Persian
,
when
in
the
mean
time
the
Persian
General
treated
with
Abassa
to
deliver
up
the
City
of
Arzirum
,
to
the
King
his
Master
promising
in
lieu
thereof
great
rewards
,
but
he
knowing
upon
such
terms
he
could
at
any
time
make
his
peace
who
ever
was
Conqueror
,
seemingly
hearkened
to
that
motion
;
so
that
gaining
credit
eight
thousand
Persians
was
sent
to
take
possession
thereof
,
who
he
no
sooner
got
within
his
danger
,
but
he
set
upon
them
,
put
one
thousand
to
the
Sword
,
and
took
most
of
the
remainder
Prisoners
,
which
caused
the
Turk
to
have
a
better
opinion
of
him
then
formerly
,
insomuch
that
they
nominated
him
for
Grand
Visier
the
ensuing
year
.
Anno
1625.
a
new
Rebellion
broke
out
in
Asia
,
headed
by
an
ordinary
Spahi
,
who
drew
down
ten
thousand
men
before
the
City
of
Smirna
,
the
which
after
some
resistance
he
entered
,
and
pretending
to
reform
abuses
cut
off
the
heads
of
two
Cadees
,
punished
divers
others
,
place
and
displaced
the
Magistrates
as
he
pleased
,
and
then
departed
without
suffering
any
spoil
to
be
made
,
pretending
the
Grand
Signeours
order
for
what
he
had
done
,
and
indeed
the
Court
connived
at
his
proceedings
,
for
awing
corrupt
Officers
,
he
restored
the
face
of
Justice
in
those
parts
,
but
not
long
after
,
he
with
a
greater
power
marched
toward
Brussia
in
Natolia
,
using
the
Name
of
Morat
to
colour
his
purpose
,
pretending
to
work
a
Reformation
in
the
State
,
but
in
the
ending
of
great
preparations
were
making
to
oppose
him
,
he
disbanded
his
Army
and
retired
himself
.
And
now
the
mortality
raged
at
Constantinople
in
such
sort
,
that
Fifty
thousand
died
in
a
short
space
,
so
that
the
City
was
left
almost
desolate
;
which
known
to
the
Cossacks
,
they
came
again
in
their
Boats
,
and
sailing
through
the
Bosphorus
made
great
spoil
on
Europe
side
,
attempting
to
burn
the
Arsenal
,
to
prevent
which
all
the
Gallies
and
small
Vessels
in
the
Port
were
manned
out
,
so
that
between
them
there
happened
a
fierce
ingagement
;
but
the
Cossacks
Boats
being
small
though
many
in
number
,
thirty
of
them
by
the
shot
of
the
Gallies
were
sunk
and
overturned
,
insomuch
that
five
hundred
Cossacks
were
drowned
and
taken
Prisoners
,
and
double
the
number
of
Turks
slain
,
for
the
Boats
being
in
all
three
hundred
,
and
each
Boat
manned
with
thirty
or
forty
Musquetiers
,
they
showered
their
Bullets
so
thick
upon
the
Decks
of
the
Gallies
,
that
scarce
a
Turk
peeped
out
but
he
was
cut
off
;
twice
they
boarded
the
Admirals
Gally
,
and
had
taken
it
had
not
the
Sea
of
a
suddain
gone
high
,
and
the
Wind
stood
against
them
.
Upon
the
approach
of
great
Visier
towards
the
Province
of
Babylon
,
the
King
of
Persia
sent
to
desire
a
Treaty
of
Peace
,
which
was
only
to
protract
time
,
it
in
the
end
coming
to
nothing
,
yet
the
Princes
of
Georgia
sent
their
Ambassadors
,
as
willing
to
be
freed
from
the
Persian
yoke
,
which
Ambassadors
were
kindly
entertained
by
the
Visier
,
their
demands
granted
,
and
the
Bishop
of
Calcedon
their
Countrey
man
sent
back
with
them
to
see
the
Peace
Ratified
;
upon
which
they
raised
a
great
Army
,
and
invaded
the
Territories
of
Persia
,
to
oppose
whom
the
King
sent
part
of
his
Army
under
the
leading
of
his
great
Leiutenant
,
who
joyning
Battle
was
overthrown
,
with
the
loss
of
seven
thousand
of
his
men
,
which
greatly
incouraged
the
Visier
,
so
that
he
resolved
the
next
year
to
besiege
Babylon
,
in
which
was
a
Garrison
of
eight
thousand
Persians
,
besides
the
Citizens
who
were
five
times
the
number
,
yet
early
in
the
Spring
.
Anno
1626.
having
refreshed
his
Army
,
he
pitched
his
Camp
before
that
great
City
,
but
as
they
were
making
their
approaches
Twenty
Thousand
Persian
Horse
,
who
attended
the
motion
of
the
Turks
,
fell
into
the
Visiers
quarter
doing
great
excution
,
and
by
that
means
troubled
the
whole
Army
,
but
in
fine
the
Persians
were
obliged
to
retire
,
yet
not
before
they
had
slain
about
Six
Thousand
Turks
,
upon
which
a
muster
was
taken
of
the
Army
,
which
was
found
much
less
then
was
expected
for
that
a
number
of
the
Spahi
and
Janizaries
that
were
inroled
,
had
forborn
to
undertake
that
dangerous
,
and
so
often
fatal
Expedition
,
and
seven
Princes
of
the
Arabs
Tributaries
to
the
Grand
Signeour
having
raised
their
power
,
refused
to
advance
any
further
then
the
Borders
of
their
Principalities
,
alledging
that
they
durst
not
displease
the
possessors
of
Babylon
,
but
were
ready
to
obey
if
the
City
fell
into
the
hands
of
the
Turks
,
which
weakness
known
to
the
Persian
King
he
drew
thither
the
strength
of
his
whole
Kingdom
,
and
running
Trenches
round
about
the
Turks
Camp
,
besieged
it
in
such
manner
that
all
Provisions
and
Succors
was
cut
off
,
and
instead
of
hoping
to
win
the
City
,
they
were
solicitous
of
nothing
more
then
how
to
retreat
.
This
danger
of
the
Army
was
made
known
to
the
Emperor
and
Divano
at
Constantinople
,
but
nothing
was
done
till
it
was
too
late
,
for
through
want
and
diseases
the
Army
was
so
wasted
,
that
they
were
no
wayes
able
to
make
head
against
their
Enemies
;
besides
a
great
number
of
them
were
slain
in
the
frequent
sallies
the
besieged
made
out
of
the
City
,
and
the
Persians
Incursions
,
who
seldom
failed
to
beat
up
one
quarter
or
other
of
the
Camp
,
and
hearing
of
no
supplies
durst
advance
,
or
were
in
a
probability
to
relieve
the
half
starved
Souldiers
,
who
had
left
no
unclean
thing
uneaten
,
it
was
resolved
that
under
the
favour
of
the
night
the
Camp
should
rise
and
force
a
way
through
the
Persian
Squadron
,
rather
choosing
to
die
like
men
then
pine
with
hunger
;
Whereupon
they
brake
their
great
Artilery
,
and
cast
into
the
Euphrates
all
such
things
as
they
could
not
convey
away
,
to
prevent
their
falling
into
the
hands
of
the
Enemy
,
and
then
with
as
little
noise
as
possible
,
broke
through
one
quarter
of
the
Persian
Camp
,
yet
not
so
suddainly
but
that
the
Persians
taking
the
Alarum
,
overtook
them
ere
they
reached
Ninive
,
and
had
the
execution
of
the
Army
for
the
space
of
ten
dayes
,
in
which
time
seventy
thousand
Turks
and
Tartars
fell
by
the
Sword
,
when
to
cast
the
odium
upon
the
Bassa's
,
and
to
save
his
credit
at
the
Port
the
Visier
caused
three
of
their
heads
to
be
stricken
off
.
This
great
blow
caused
the
revolt
of
many
Cities
,
upon
the
Frontires
of
Persia
,
and
indangered
the
revolt
of
all
Asia
.
The
Turks
not
having
received
the
like
blow
,
since
the
overthrow
of
Bajazet
the
first
by
Tamerlane
the
great
,
which
caused
a
general
heavyness
throughout
the
City
of
Constantinople
,
few
therein
but
lost
one
Friend
or
other
in
this
unfortunate
War
,
of
which
the
Emperour
of
Germanies
Ambassador
taking
advantage
pressed
for
a
speedy
conclusion
of
Peace
,
and
laboured
to
cross
the
purpose
of
the
Transylvanian
Prince
,
but
in
the
interim
the
Imperial
and
Transylvanian
Armies
being
abroad
,
on
the
16th
.
of
October
near
to
the
River
Gran
a
mortal
Battle
was
fought
between
them
,
wherein
the
latter
was
put
to
the
rout
,
and
in
passing
confusedly
the
River
over
two
Bridges
layed
for
that
purpose
,
Six
thousand
were
slain
drowned
and
taken
Prisoners
,
yet
Winter
coming
on
the
Prince
retired
with
his
Troops
,
and
without
the
consent
of
the
Turks
made
a
Truce
with
the
Imperialists
for
three
months
,
sending
to
the
Port
to
excuse
himself
for
so
doing
,
by
shewing
the
necessity
that
induced
him
so
to
do
.
But
ere
a
Peace
could
be
concluded
as
was
intended
Count
Mansfelt
and
Duke
Ernestus
,
who
were
the
greatest
inciters
thereto
died
,
so
that
nothing
for
a
time
was
done
therein
,
but
it
was
left
in
the
power
of
the
Prince
,
and
Bassa
of
Buda
to
War
upon
the
Emperour
,
as
they
found
it
convenient
or
most
advantagious
,
insomuch
that
they
raised
great
forces
intending
to
make
Austria
the
seat
of
War
,
but
upon
further
negotiation
that
design
was
layed
aside
,
all
Parties
being
more
desirous
of
Peace
then
War
,
and
so
matters
were
left
doubtful
.
About
this
time
an
Ambassador
from
the
King
of
Persia
,
with
overtures
of
Peace
arrived
at
Aleppo
,
but
could
get
no
Audience
of
the
Visier
,
who
remained
there
with
his
broken
Army
till
an
other
Ambassador
with
presents
arrived
at
Constantinople
,
where
he
made
such
overtures
that
they
were
approved
by
many
,
but
the
non-delivery
of
Babylon
a
little
before
taken
by
the
Persians
,
put
a
stop
to
the
negotiation
,
the
Turks
not
being
willing
upon
any
other
Terms
to
hearken
to
Peace
,
for
that
their
Army
in
Asia
was
by
this
time
recruited
and
again
entered
into
Persia
,
to
avert
which
the
Persians
besieged
Achiska
a
strong
City
near
Arzirum
,
being
incouraged
thereto
by
Abassa
Bassa
,
to
whom
the
Visier
sent
to
draw
out
his
forces
,
and
in
conjunction
with
the
Georgians
,
to
joyn
with
such
forces
as
he
should
send
him
which
were
three
thousand
Janizaries
under
the
leading
of
twelve
Captains
,
with
whom
he
sent
Provision
and
other
necessaries
,
but
for
the
hatred
the
Bassa
had
to
that
order
he
commanded
them
to
be
set
upon
in
the
night
,
and
allmost
all
cut
in
pieces
,
those
that
remained
and
were
taken
Prisoners
he
sent
to
the
Persian
King
,
and
then
with
such
forces
as
he
had
Fortified
himself
in
Arzirum
.
The
news
of
this
disgrace
coming
to
the
ear
of
the
Visier
,
he
drew
down
with
all
his
forces
toward
the
Rebel
,
resolving
to
punish
him
if
he
could
by
any
means
get
him
into
his
hands
.
Now
the
treaty
between
the
Imperial
Ministers
,
those
of
the
Grand
Signeours
and
Transylvanian
Princes
growing
ripe
,
a
Peace
was
concluded
though
severally
,
for
the
Prince
having
understood
that
the
King
of
Denmark
who
was
coming
to
his
aid
had
been
overthrown
by
Walstain
the
Emperours
General
,
and
that
the
Bassa
of
Buda
bought
with
German
Gold
,
had
crossed
all
his
purposes
at
Constantinople
,
and
discovered
his
inmost
Councils
,
he
grew
jealous
of
his
own
state
,
and
therefore
thought
it
best
to
make
Peace
whilst
he
was
in
a
capacity
to
obtain
honourable
condition
,
which
Treaty
comprised
in
ten
Articles
were
Ratified
at
Presburg
.
The
chief
points
of
which
were
,
That
either
side
should
cease
from
Hostilities
,
and
forbear
directly
or
indirectly
to
assist
each
others
Rebells
,
and
that
all
the
City
and
Towns
taken
in
the
late
War
,
should
be
redelivered
.
Nor
were
the
Turks
slow
in
finishing
their
Treaty
,
as
being
no
ways
able
to
maintain
an
Army
in
Europe
by
reason
of
their
troubles
in
Asia
,
so
that
much
to
the
same
purpose
as
the
former
contained
in
eleven
Articles
,
the
Peace
was
concluded
at
the
Port
,
to
the
great
joy
of
all
parties
especially
of
the
Turks
,
who
were
now
at
leasure
to
recover
their
Towns
,
and
quell
the
Rebellions
in
Asia
.
Anno
1627.
Halil
Bassa
the
great
Visier
and
General
of
the
Turkish
Army
,
in
having
for
sometime
besieged
Abassa
Bassa
in
Arzirum
,
and
finding
his
attempts
to
win
the
City
vain
,
by
reason
of
the
many
inconveniencies
in
his
Camp
,
he
was
forced
to
rise
,
which
the
Rebel
perceiving
sallied
out
and
with
all
his
forces
followed
hard
after
for
seven
dayes
,
cutting
off
all
his
Rear
,
and
took
his
Treasure
,
Cannon
and
Baggage
,
which
so
discouraged
the
Souldiers
,
that
they
mutined
against
their
General
and
sought
to
stone
him
,
and
long
was
it
ere
they
could
be
appeased
,
whereupon
he
wrote
to
the
Grand
Signeour
informing
him
that
there
was
no
hopes
of
obedience
unless
the
reverence
of
his
person
did
revive
it
,
yet
he
rested
at
Tocat
and
for
the
better
quieting
disorders
disbanded
a
part
of
his
Army
,
who
almost
naked
to
the
great
disgrace
of
the
Visier
came
to
Constantinople
,
which
gave
Abassa
Bassa
opportunity
to
hold
correspondence
with
the
Poles
,
Tartars
,
and
Cossacks
,
whereupon
Husseruph
Bassa
a
Visier
of
the
Bench
,
and
late
Aga
of
the
Janizaries
,
was
chosen
conductor
of
the
Militia
,
and
passed
over
into
Asia
with
such
forces
as
could
be
instantly
raised
,
and
many
great
Ordinance
cast
for
the
service
,
Gallies
were
likewise
fitted
out
,
and
all
preparations
made
as
far
as
the
Treasure
would
extend
,
and
it
was
further
concluded
that
Husseruph
should
march
directly
to
Diarbecher
to
oppose
the
Persian
,
and
there
remain
as
Bassa
of
the
Province
,
and
that
on
his
way
to
prevent
charge
,
the
Seal
should
be
sent
him
and
he
constituted
great
Visier
in
the
room
of
Halil
Bassa
,
whose
credit
therein
was
had
in
regard
for
that
he
was
not
sent
for
home
as
in
disgrace
,
but
in
the
head
of
the
Army
delivered
up
his
charge
and
so
retired
to
the
Port
,
there
to
continue
one
of
the
Council
Visiers
.
Anno
1628
,
about
the
5th
.
of
April
Hasseruph
was
declared
Grand
Visier
,
and
took
upon
him
the
charge
of
the
Army
with
orders
to
march
directly
toward
Babylon
,
for
of
Abassa
Bassa
they
had
had
enough
the
year
before
.
Yet
he
wrote
to
the
Grand
Signeour
,
terming
himself
his
slave
,
promising
him
that
he
would
hold
the
Province
of
Arzirum
for
him
,
but
if
he
sought
to
expe●●
him
by
force
he
would
put
it
into
the
hands
of
the
Persian
,
but
if
he
might
possess
it
he
would
defend
it
against
him
,
and
still
hold
him
as
the
capital
Enemy
of
the
Turkish
Empire
,
nor
should
his
forces
be
wanting
to
assist
the
new
General
in
his
Expedition
for
the
recovery
of
Babylon
,
and
this
was
accepted
as
a
plenary
submission
.
Whilst
the
Grand
Signeour
was
thus
busied
to
settle
affairs
of
Asia
,
and
to
reduce
Abassa
Bassa
to
obedience
,
the
Tartar
Han
was
openly
declared
a
Rebel
and
Enemy
to
the
Turkish
Empire
,
and
his
Brother
Schachin
Geheray
sent
out
of
Persia
,
to
raise
troubles
on
that
side
,
having
exacted
a
Tribute
of
the
Princes
of
Bugdania
and
Valachia
,
he
was
overthrown
by
Count
Emire
a
Tartar
Captain
,
who
undertook
to
reduce
him
to
the
obedience
of
the
Grand
Signeour
,
whereupon
it
was
suddainly
resolved
that
it
should
be
once
again
attempted
to
restore
Ghian
Geray
to
that
Kingdom
,
and
to
expell
Mechmet
Han
,
in
order
to
which
the
Captain
Bassa
once
more
prepared
the
Fleet
of
Gallies
,
so
that
for
a
year
the
Mediterranean
was
like
to
be
incumbred
,
and
the
Turkish
Empire
ingaged
in
so
many
troubles
,
that
every
thing
seemed
to
work
towards
its
subversion
,
but
great
bodies
have
strong
Luctations
and
die
not
with
one
fit
,
and
such
was
the
blindness
and
misery
of
the
times
that
whilst
the
Christian
Princes
contended
in
ambitious
and
envious
rather
then
just
quarrels
,
none
of
them
had
leasure
to
push
down
that
Enemy
who
stood
totterring
on
the
brink
of
ruine
,
nor
to
vindicate
the
Christian
honour
,
nor
the
Holy
Land
oppressed
and
possessed
by
a
Tyrant
,
that
only
subsisted
by
their
dissentions
.
About
this
time
great
differences
arose
between
the
Greek
and
Romish
Churches
,
about
superiority
and
forms
of
Worship
,
which
was
strongly
maintained
by
either
party
,
insomuch
that
for
a
long
time
(
to
the
scandal
of
the
Christian
Religion
)
the
controversie
was
debated
before
the
Turkish
Commissioners
at
Constantinople
,
who
being
Enemies
to
both
alike
,
nay
,
even
to
the
very
name
of
Christ
,
moving
no
otherwayes
then
they
were
bribed
,
laughing
to
see
the
simplicity
of
the
Christians
,
to
make
them
Arbitrators
of
that
which
they
nothing
more
desired
then
to
destroy
,
but
in
the
end
after
infinite
Treasure
spent
,
the
Pope
proved
the
richer
,
and
therefore
prevailed
to
have
such
of
his
Clergy
as
had
been
dispossessed
of
their
Colleges
,
Monasteries
,
and
the
like
in
the
Turkish
Empire
restored
,
especially
the
Jesuits
who
had
been
thrust
out
of
St.
Bennets
Church
and
Monastery
in
Galatia
,
concerning
the
restitution
of
whom
the
Grand
Signeour
,
at
the
instance
of
the
French
Ambassador
sent
his
Letters
mandatory
to
Assan
Bassa
Captain
of
the
Sea
,
and
to
the
Cadee
of
Galatia
.
About
this
time
Sir
Thomas
Row
,
Ambassador
at
the
Port
for
His
Majesty
of
Great
Brittain
,
procured
leave
to
depart
,
by
whom
the
Grand
Signeour
sent
this
following
Letter
.
The
Grand
Signeours
Letter
to
his
Majesty
of
Great
Brittain
.
TO
the
most
glorious
amongst
the
greatest
Majesties
of
the
Princes
of
Jesus
,
most
reverenced
amongst
the
People
of
the
Messiah
,
sole
Director
of
the
important
affairs
of
the
Nazarean
Nation
,
Lord
of
the
limits
of
Honour
and
Power
,
Patron
of
Grace
and
Authority
Charles
King
of
Great
Brittain
and
Ireland
,
to
whose
last
dayes
we
wish
all
compleat
and
true
happiness
.
Be
it
known
unto
your
Majesty
at
the
sight
of
this
Letter
,
That
your
Ambaffador
Sir
Thomas
Rowe
,
respected
and
beloved
amongst
the
Christians
,
to
whom
we
wish
a
happy
end
,
being
heretofore
sent
to
reside
as
your
Ambassador
at
our
happy
Port
,
to
be
watchful
over
all
offices
of
good
correspondence
between
us
,
and
that
all
requisite
terms
of
honour
should
be
fulfilled
,
and
to
renew
the
mantle
of
our
affections
,
hath
from
his
first
arrival
here
until
this
present
,
most
perfectly
attended
upon
the
charge
imposer
in
him
,
and
in
all
his
actions
proceeded
with
extraordinary
diligence
and
industry
,
for
the
high
honour
and
great
fame
of
your
Majesty
His
Soveraign
,
and
now
your
Majesty
having
sent
in
his
place
one
of
the
chief
of
your
most
esteemed
Sir
Peter
Wyche
,
to
reside
at
our
Imperial
Port
,
and
that
the
said
Sir
Thomas
Rowe
hath
taken
resolution
to
return
to
your
Majesty
,
with
our
Imperial
consent
we
send
him
unto
you
,
with
these
our
Imperial
Letters
,
hoping
in
the
most
High
God
,
that
when
as
he
is
most
safely
arrived
with
you
,
out
of
your
abundant
and
innate
clemency
,
and
your
singular
and
sincere
goodness
,
in
respect
of
his
good
and
faithful
service
,
that
you
will
set
him
honoured
and
rewarded
,
and
to
see
that
the
great
affection
and
love
which
we
nourish
towards
your
Majesty
,
may
be
daily
increased
we
desire
you
readily
imploy
your
benign
care
in
the
keeping
and
observing
our
Imperial
Capitulation
with
every
Article
therein
contained
,
as
we
on
our
part
will
likewise
do
in
all
things
that
are
meet
to
be
done
,
concerning
their
perfect
observation
,
whereof
you
shall
find
a
good
and
clear
Testimony
by
our
future
effects
.
Given
at
Constantinople
,
Anno
1628.
With
this
Letter
and
several
presents
,
Sir
Thomas
Rowe
imbarqued
on
the
Sampson
Frigat
,
in
order
to
sail
for
England
,
but
coming
before
Malta
,
and
being
there
becalmed
,
four
Gallies
came
out
of
the
Haven
and
set
upon
the
English
Vessel
,
but
after
seven
hours
hot
dispute
were
forced
to
retire
with
the
loss
of
thirty
six
Knights
of
the
Order
,
and
two
hundred
sixty
four
common
Souldiers
and
Rowers
,
when
in
the
Sampson
only
one
Jew
a
Passenger
was
killed
,
and
about
six
men
wounded
,
yet
the
Ship
was
grievously
rent
with
Culverin
shot
,
and
had
been
lost
had
the
Sea
been
outragious
.
Sir
Peter
Wyche
His
Majesty
of
great
Brittains
new
Ambassador
at
Constantinople
,
had
not
long
continued
there
before
some
disturbance
happened
,
occasioned
by
one
William-Bundock
an
English
Captains
taking
a
Ship
belonging
to
the
Port
,
as
she
was
sailing
to
Messina
,
which
caused
the
owners
to
demand
with
much
clamour
reparation
,
insomuch
that
the
Chimacham
or
Chief
Officer
of
the
Port
,
caused
an
Imbargo
to
be
layed
upon
two
English
Vessels
then
riding
at
Anchor
in
the
Haven
of
Constantinople
,
nor
could
the
Ambassador
procure
their
release
without
a
promise
of
reparation
for
the
dammages
sustained
,
and
that
the
Actor
should
be
punished
,
nor
would
the
insolent
Souldiers
though
no
way
interessed
therein
till
five
hundred
Dollars
were
bestowed
amongst
them
.
Anno
1629.
The
Grand
Signeour
after
much
debate
in
counsel
,
made
Provision
to
renew
the
War
in
Persia
,
as
the
only
design
of
Honour
and
Consequence
,
for
though
the
Turkish
Empire
ingaged
in
many
troubles
required
a
judicious
and
more
then
common
providence
to
support
it
,
beset
with
dangers
on
every
side
,
and
bearing
more
apparent
signs
of
its
declination
then
ever
.
Yet
the
disgrace
of
Halil
Bassas
retiring
from
Babylon
,
and
from
before
Aczirum
,
and
the
loss
of
the
Treasure
and
Munition
,
so
inspired
Husseruph
the
new
General
with
revenge
,
that
he
desired
nothing
more
then
to
blot
out
those
stains
that
Eclipsed
the
Turkish
Diadem
,
whereupon
having
recruited
his
Army
,
he
came
before
Babylon
,
but
after
some
bravadoes
retired
to
Aleppo
,
without
performing
any
thing
worthy
mention
,
and
there
to
satisfie
his
mutinous
Souldiers
,
exacted
mony
of
all
the
Merchants
strangers
and
native
inhabitants
,
incouraging
every
base
fellow
to
accuse
Rich
persons
of
one
crime
or
other
,
and
then
himself
sitting
as
Judge
would
lay
great
fines
on
them
,
which
they
must
pay
or
be
imprisoned
,
upon
the
the
like
pretence
he
imprisoned
the
English
Consul
residing
there
,
and
hanged
his
Bruggerman
or
Interpreter
,
which
insolencies
made
known
to
His
Majesties
Ambassador
at
Constantinople
,
he
complained
to
the
Grand
Signeour
but
had
no
redress
.
Yet
within
a
while
after
his
ill
conduct
being
made
known
he
was
displaced
,
and
Haffis
Achmat
Bassa
made
great
Visier
in
his
stead
,
though
not
without
much
difficulty
,
could
he
be
induced
to
render
his
charge
,
for
having
by
large
Bribes
won
the
Souldiers
,
he
fortified
himself
in
Mosul
or
Ninive
biding
defiance
to
his
Master
,
yet
at
length
he
was
reduced
to
obedience
,
but
would
not
trust
himself
in
the
City
of
Constantinople
,
but
at
a
distance
plotted
innovation
,
and
therein
proceeded
so
far
that
he
caused
the
Janizaries
and
Spahi
to
mutiny
,
and
force
the
Grand
Signeour
to
deliver
into
their
hands
the
new
Visier
,
whom
they
instantly
tore
in
pieces
,
and
not
so
contented
they
made
a
further
demand
of
the
Mufti
and
Teftarder
put
into
their
power
,
but
at
the
earnest
intreaty
of
Morat
they
were
appeased
,
though
not
before
he
promised
to
made
Husseruph
a
second
time
Visier
,
and
that
Regeb
Bassa
should
officiate
till
his
arrival
.
The
storm
allayed
the
Grand
Signeour
began
to
consider
that
Husseruph
had
raised
it
by
the
Influence
he
had
upon
the
Souldiers
,
and
therefore
least
he
should
attempt
any
thing
further
,
secret
order
was
given
to
the
Bassa
of
Buda
in
whose
Government
he
resided
to
send
his
head
to
Court
,
which
was
done
accordingly
,
but
not
so
privately
but
that
the
Soldiers
getting
notice
thereof
,
suddenly
made
up
their
many
headed
monster
,
and
in
a
great
rage
came
to
the
Seraglio
demanding
the
heads
of
those
that
had
been
any
way
councelling
or
consenting
to
the
death
of
Husseruph
,
otherwise
they
threatned
all
with
ruin
,
but
having
no
answer
suitable
to
their
minds
they
ran
to
the
house
of
Regeb
,
demanding
of
him
who
it
was
that
had
councelled
so
great
a
wickedness
.
Whereupon
to
save
his
Life
(
which
was
then
in
no
small
danger
)
he
protested
he
knew
not
,
and
that
himself
was
innocent
of
the
matter
,
yet
they
forced
him
with
them
to
the
Palace
,
and
made
him
their
Orator
to
demand
what
they
desired
,
upon
which
the
Aga
Mufti
and
Teftardar
with
a
private
Servant
of
the
Grand
Signeours
fled
,
but
the
latter
being
the
next
day
taken
and
sent
back
,
he
was
delivered
up
as
a
sacrifice
to
the
insolent
Souldiers
,
who
after
their
usual
manner
in
such
like
cases
tore
him
in
pieces
.
Yet
they
were
not
so
contented
,
but
upon
a
rumour
that
the
Grand
Signeour
had
put
his
three
Brethren
to
death
,
they
broke
into
the
Palace
and
could
hardly
be
quieted
,
although
the
young
Princes
were
produced
,
and
that
several
officers
swore
upon
the
Alcoran
,
that
they
see
the
grand
Signeour
lay
his
hand
upon
the
book
and
swore
they
should
have
their
demands
satisfied
.
In
these
Tumults
the
goods
of
Merchants
strangers
went
to
wrack
,
and
divers
affronts
and
indignities
were
offered
the
several
Ambassadors
residing
at
the
Port
,
nor
was
this
all
,
for
about
the
same
time
Eleas
Bassa
Rebelled
against
the
Grand
Signeour
,
and
siezed
upon
the
City
of
Amasia
about
a
League
from
Smirna
,
infesting
all
the
Countrey
with
divers
outrages
,
his
Souldiers
living
altogether
upon
spoil
,
insomuch
that
the
Merchants
and
Consuls
at
Smirna
were
forced
to
remove
with
their
goods
to
Scio
,
but
an
Army
being
sent
against
him
,
he
was
in
a
pitched
Battle
discomfited
and
had
most
of
his
followers
slain
,
himself
hardly
escaping
,
and
now
the
Grand
Signeour
supposing
Regeb
Bassa
(
though
indeed
he
was
not
)
the
Author
of
the
late
tumults
,
sent
for
him
into
the
Seraglio
and
there
caused
him
to
be
strangled
.
About
this
time
a
fight
for
the
space
of
four
hours
was
maintained
by
two
English
Merchantmen
,
against
thirty
of
the
Turks
Gallies
,
till
at
last
the
English
finding
themselves
too
weak
for
such
odds
fired
their
Vessels
and
cast
themselves
over
board
,
where
many
of
them
perished
,
and
those
that
were
taken
up
put
to
the
Oares
;
in
this
fight
a
thousand
Turks
were
slain
,
and
amongst
them
several
Begs
and
men
of
note
,
of
this
apparent
injury
done
by
the
Turks
,
His
Majesty
of
Great
Brittain
by
his
Letter
complained
to
the
Grand
Signeour
,
requiring
that
those
that
were
taken
Captives
might
be
restored
to
their
Liberty
,
that
so
a
right
understanding
might
continue
,
but
the
Turks
alledging
that
the
Voyage
of
the
two
Ships
were
unlawful
,
by
reason
they
Traded
in
the
Levant
for
Corn
,
the
Ambassador
could
little
prevail
,
and
had
much
ado
to
save
the
lives
of
the
Captives
.
Yet
in
the
end
to
hinder
the
dissolution
of
the
Turkish
Trade
,
and
to
please
the
Grand
Signeour
,
a
Decree
passed
in
the
Star
Chamber
prohibiting
the
Corn
Trade
in
the
Levant
,
upon
which
several
of
the
Captives
were
set
at
Liberty
.
Three
dayes
after
this
action
,
a
Fire
happened
in
Constantinople
which
consumed
Seventy
Thousand
Houses
.
The
Persian
War
yet
continuing
,
that
King
with
a
great
Army
besieged
Van
,
a
strong
City
upon
the
Confines
of
Diarbecher
,
the
news
whereof
arriving
at
the
Port
,
great
preparations
were
made
to
prevent
that
important
place
from
falling
into
the
hands
of
the
Persians
,
it
being
Decreed
that
all
the
Beghs
of
Asia
,
should
repair
thither
with
such
forces
as
they
could
leavy
,
and
endeavour
its
releif
,
and
to
joyn
them
the
Grand
Visier
passed
over
with
all
European
Souldiers
,
but
ere
any
thing
could
be
done
the
City
was
taken
,
whereupon
the
Visier
marched
towards
Aleppo
,
exacting
great
sums
of
money
,
and
the
better
to
furnish
himself
,
sent
the
Cadee
a
slave
to
Cyprus
,
and
siezed
upon
all
his
Treasure
.
Soon
after
the
Turks
under
pretence
of
the
Christians
rising
,
siezed
all
their
Arms
,
making
it
death
to
those
in
whose
houses
any
were
found
after
a
time
prefixed
,
nor
content
with
this
they
hanged
a
Venetian
Merchant
only
for
his
Money
,
and
Imprisoned
all
the
Christian
Merchants
in
Constantinople
,
setting
a
ransom
of
two
thousand
Dollars
upon
each
,
and
that
if
the
money
was
not
payed
in
four
dayes
they
should
be
executed
.
The
four
Ambassadors
of
England
,
France
,
Holland
,
and
Venice
were
likewise
convented
before
the
Bassas
in
the
Arsenal
,
and
charged
for
building
a
House
and
Chappel
without
leave
from
the
Grand
Signeour
,
to
have
done
it
in
contempt
of
his
Imperial
Majesty
,
and
much
ado
they
had
to
escape
being
imprisoned
,
but
in
the
end
upon
the
Chappels
being
demolished
,
and
all
the
Armes
they
had
in
their
Houses
delivered
to
an
officer
appointed
to
receive
them
,
the
Grand
Signeour
was
pacified
,
though
indeed
this
was
used
only
as
a
trick
to
extort
mony
from
them
.
This
being
the
present
state
of
things
in
the
Imperial
Port
,
the
English
Ambassador
in
the
behalf
of
his
King
and
Nation
,
made
known
the
just
resentments
of
his
Master
,
for
the
affront
offered
in
the
person
of
him
his
Ambassador
,
as
likewise
did
the
rest
exclaiming
of
injustice
,
insomuch
that
the
Captain
Bassa
told
them
that
indeed
the
proceedings
were
too
rigid
,
and
that
for
the
future
care
should
be
taken
to
prevent
the
like
,
as
for
their
Armes
taken
away
he
said
they
had
been
seen
by
the
Grand
Signeour
,
and
therefore
could
not
be
restored
,
but
that
they
had
liberty
to
buy
more
,
and
the
money
exacted
of
the
Merchants
could
not
at
that
time
be
restored
by
reason
of
the
urgent
occasion
of
the
state
,
and
therefore
intreated
them
to
be
pacified
,
but
the
French
Ambassador
was
so
far
fallen
into
the
Grand
Signeours
displeasure
that
his
Death
was
determined
,
the
execution
whereof
was
with
much
danger
to
the
disswaders
deferred
,
and
upon
second
thoughts
changed
into
an
Imprisonment
,
the
cause
of
which
was
for
that
he
had
siezed
upon
sixty
thousand
Dollars
sent
by
the
Town
of
Marseilles
,
to
pay
his
Predecessors
Debts
contracted
in
Constantinople
,
which
money
he
converted
to
his
own
use
,
thereby
defrauding
the
Creditor
and
obliging
them
to
clamour
for
Turkish
Justice
,
which
in
it self
is
cruelty
and
oppression
.
These
intestine
troubles
gave
the
Persians
Liberty
to
make
themselves
Masters
of
many
strong
places
,
which
greatly
alarumed
the
Ottoman
Empire
,
insomuch
that
great
preparations
were
every
where
made
,
the
Grand
Signeour
in
person
intending
to
take
the
Field
.
But
ere
the
Army
could
be
raised
and
all
things
gotten
in
a
readiness
,
the
Persians
were
far
advanced
,
and
taken
many
places
of
importance
,
and
amongst
the
rest
Reivan
a
strong
place
,
Garrisoned
by
the
Turks
,
taken
from
the
Persians
the
year
before
,
putting
all
they
found
therein
to
the
Sword
and
Ransom
.
The
report
of
these
losses
arriving
,
ere
the
Grand
Signeour
had
put
himself
in
a
readiness
to
accompany
his
Army
,
he
layed
aside
his
purpose
of
going
in
person
,
and
full
of
discontents
remained
at
home
to
consult
his
own
safety
,
which
was
now
threatned
with
such
a
storm
,
that
to
shun
it
was
not
imagined
a
possibility
in
humane
Providence
,
for
the
Souldiers
that
were
abroad
began
to
express
their
discontents
,
refusing
to
receive
their
pay
or
to
be
commanded
by
the
Grand
Visier
,
for
the
Turks
War
with
the
Persians
unwillingly
,
there
being
no
other
cause
for
their
invading
each
other
then
the
emulation
of
greatness
,
which
has
successively
fired
the
Lords
of
those
two
mighty
Empires
.
Besides
the
Turks
seldom
meet
in
Persia
with
any
plentiful
spoils
,
so
that
they
are
neither
incited
by
their
own
freeness
,
nor
allured
by
the
hopes
of
any
large
reward
.
But
on
the
contrary
to
the
Wars
of
Hungary
and
Poland
,
they
hast
as
to
some
delightful
spectacle
,
induced
thereto
by
a
superstitious
zeal
,
as
making
religion
a
ground
for
their
attempts
,
and
an
assurance
of
large
spoiles
,
where
the
Countries
abound
in
all
manner
of
Plenty
.
This
danger
of
the
Souldiers
mutiny
abroad
reached
not
presently
the
ears
of
the
Grand
Signeour
to
terrifie
him
with
the
apprehensions
of
a
double
storm
,
for
he
had
enough
to
do
with
the
Janizaries
,
who
now
began
to
suspect
another
design
on
foot
for
the
extirpation
of
their
order
which
made
them
cast
off
all
obedience
,
and
set
the
great
City
of
Constantinople
in
an
uproar
,
which
obliged
the
Citizens
every
where
to
provide
for
their
safeties
,
for
the
unruly
Souldiers
having
gotten
the
knack
of
making
and
unmaking
Emperors
at
their
pleasure
,
were
grown
to
that
height
of
insolency
that
they
supposed
the
center
of
Government
to
rest
in
themselves
,
and
each
individual
man
of
them
thought
himself
superior
to
any
Officer
in
the
Empire
,
insomuch
that
they
accounted
the
Grand
Signeour
but
as
their
Steward
intrusted
by
them
with
the
Government
,
and
that
his
Life
and
safety
wholly
depended
on
their
pleasure
,
which
he
well
perceiving
knew
no
better
means
to
render
them
tractable
,
then
by
distributing
large
sums
of
money
amongst
them
,
which
nevertheless
at
this
time
much
availed
not
,
for
being
bent
on
mischief
they
plundered
the
houses
of
several
Merchants
and
rich
Burghers
killing
and
wounding
such
as
resisted
them
,
and
in
a
fury
ran
to
the
Palace
demanding
such
Favourites
as
they
named
which
being
denyed
,
they
presently
fell
into
a
consultation
about
deposing
their
Emperour
.
Nay
,
so
far
proceeded
that
many
perswaded
to
take
away
his
Life
as
they
had
done
his
Brother
Osmans
,
but
so
divided
were
they
in
their
Councils
,
that
they
could
come
to
no
result
at
that
time
,
but
soon
after
assembling
it
was
proposed
,
that
if
the
Grand
Signeour
would
make
amends
by
some
acknowledgment
of
his
ill
intents
toward
them
,
and
confirm
their
Order
and
Priviledges
,
his
Government
(
he
being
one
that
was
not
insensible
of
their
power
)
might
prove
advantagious
to
them
,
but
that
if
his
disposition
rested
yet
undiscovered
,
it
might
render
the
course
of
their
Lives
obnoxious
to
incertainties
,
for
the
Grand
Signeour
in
the
beginning
of
his
Reign
,
not
exceeding
fifteen
years
of
age
expressed
a
natural
inclination
to
action
,
which
wits
his
years
increased
,
and
this
had
settled
some
good
opinion
of
him
in
the
unruly
Souldiers
,
whose
desire
is
War
that
by
plunder
they
may
inrich
themselves
.
Though
of
late
many
of
the
Janizaries
(
contrary
to
their
first
institution
,
and
the
long
continued
course
that
former
Emperors
had
obliged
them
to
)
had
married
Wives
settled
themselves
to
Merchandize
and
were
become
both
rich
and
effeminate
.
In
these
and
the
like
mischievous
consultations
many
dayes
were
wasted
,
nor
could
the
Janizaries
wanting
their
usual
Confederates
the
Spahi
,
who
were
then
under
the
leading
of
the
Grand
Visier
at
Arzirum
effect
their
purpose
as
they
were
wont
which
made
them
more
cautious
in
their
proceedings
and
to
keep
together
in
one
strong
and
intire
body
as
fearing
to
be
destroyed
by
a
general
Massacre
if
they
separated
,
such
a
rumour
(
whether
spread
by
themselves
to
countenance
them
in
their
unlawful
purposes
or
really
intended
)
being
spread
about
the
City
,
and
that
in
the
room
of
them
a
new
Militia
should
be
established
,
less
chargeable
and
more
tractable
,
after
the
same
method
as
Delavire
Bassa
had
formerly
purposed
,
and
that
many
were
for
that
purpose
inrolled
on
the
Frontires
,
especially
European
Horsemen
that
were
continually
in
action
to
prevent
the
incursions
of
the
Cossacks
and
free
Heyducks
,
who
living
mostly
upon
spoil
greatly
endammaged
the
Turks
,
but
in
the
end
a
right
understanding
being
created
between
the
Emperour
and
the
Janizaries
by
the
mediation
of
the
great
Officers
of
the
Court
a
Reconciliation
was
made
,
though
not
without
a
wonderful
mass
of
money
distributed
amongst
the
latter
,
who
frequently
mutiny
for
no
other
purpose
then
by
such
means
to
inrich
themselves
,
well
knowing
that
the
Grand
Signeour
has
no
other
way
to
appease
them
,
then
by
distributing
large
summs
of
mony
amongst
them
;
nor
were
the
Soldiers
abroad
satisfied
till
they
had
sacrificed
to
their
revenge
the
chief
Treasurer
of
the
Army
,
the
two
Aga's
of
the
Spahi's
and
the
Chiaus
Bassa
of
the
Janizaries
,
nor
till
a
new
Visier
was
sent
to
discharge
the
Old
one
,
and
to
lead
them
to
the
Persian
War
.
During
these
troubles
an
Ambassador
from
the
King
of
Persia
arrived
at
Constantinople
,
with
many
Rich
presents
,
which
caused
him
to
have
the
speedier
Audience
,
and
promise
of
an
honourable
Peace
,
bur
whilst
the
Treaty
held
,
the
Cossacks
driven
out
of
Poland
by
King
Uladislaus
,
had
siezed
upon
Asac
a
strong
City
of
the
Grand
Signeours
,
scituate
upon
the
mouth
of
the
River
Tanais
,
upon
the
declining
of
a
Hill
,
which
they
pillaged
and
afterward
Fortified
,
keeping
possession
thereof
for
the
space
of
four
years
,
at
what
time
the
Turk
again
recovered
it
,
as
also
great
troubles
arose
in
Tartary
,
upon
the
Tartar
Hans
putting
to
death
the
Bassa
Musti
,
and
Cadi
of
Caffa
,
for
reproving
him
of
Coward●●●
,
for
thereupon
the
Grand
Signeour
secretly
maintained
Cautimeri
and
his
faction
against
him
,
who
with
Fire
and
Sword
wasted
his
Countrey
,
and
at
length
passing
the
Niester
siezed
on
the
Countrey
of
Budziack
near
to
Beliegrode
and
Kilea
bordering
on
the
Countrey
of
Moldavia
,
on
which
he
likewise
incroached
drawing
a
World
of
People
after
him
,
which
raised
a
jealousie
in
Vladislaus
the
Polonian
King
,
who
doubting
they
would
prove
troublesom
neighbours
,
resolved
to
expell
them
by
force
of
Armes
,
but
whilst
he
delayed
the
Tartar
Han
executed
his
purpose
,
for
setting
upon
Cautimeri
with
a
great
Army
overthrew
him
,
and
followed
the
execution
over
the
large
Plains
of
Dobruc
,
so
that
dispairing
to
appear
any
more
formidable
in
the
Field
he
fled
to
Constantinople
,
where
the
Grand
Signeour
contrary
to
his
Faith
given
,
to
curry
favour
with
Tartar
Han
caused
him
to
be
strangled
,
together
with
his
Son
,
when
not
long
after
a
Nephew
of
this
Cautimeri
killed
Tartar
Han
as
he
was
Hunting
,
and
by
a
misguiding
path
separated
from
his
followers
,
for
which
Treachery
he
was
applauded
at
Constantinople
,
as
a
man
of
admirable
courage
,
and
upon
news
of
Hans
death
caused
Becher
Gherey
his
brother
to
be
Proclaimed
King
of
Tartary
.
Notwithstanding
the
fair
Promises
of
Morat
,
the
Persian
Ambassador
was
dismissed
without
any
agreement
of
Articles
in
relation
to
a
Peace
,
and
order
given
to
prosecute
that
War
with
all
imaginable
rigor
,
intending
to
go
himself
in
person
and
knock
at
the
Gates
of
Babylon
,
whereupon
he
hung
out
the
Horse
taile
,
a
certain
sign
of
his
or
the
Grand
Visiers
taking
the
Field
,
and
increased
the
number
of
his
Janizaries
,
revoking
a
Decree
he
had
made
to
the
contrary
,
commanding
his
Bassas
upon
the
Christian
Frontiers
to
give
no
occasion
of
complaint
in
his
absence
that
might
oblige
him
to
retire
ere
he
had
accomplished
his
purpose
,
and
so
with
an
Army
of
five
hundred
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
,
whereof
three
hundred
thousand
were
fighting
men
,
he
entered
Persia
about
the
end
of
May
1638.
having
joyned
the
Grand
Visier
with
such
forces
as
he
had
at
Iconium
;
and
in
his
way
overthrew
a
Shegh
who
had
drawn
a
great
number
of
people
into
Rebellion
under
pretence
of
Religion
,
out
of
the
Mountains
of
Anatolia
,
but
the
Impostor
escaping
Morat
to
prevent
his
further
attempts
,
caused
to
be
proclaimed
that
if
he
was
not
put
into
his
hands
he
would
destroy
all
the
Countrey
with
Fire
and
Sword
,
for
fear
of
which
he
was
discovered
by
those
that
he
trusted
with
the
knowledge
of
his
aboad
,
and
by
the
Grand
Signeours
command
flead
alive
,
and
with
his
skin
off
carryed
to
the
wheel
,
and
there
broken
without
expressing
the
least
sence
of
pain
.
This
let
removed
Morat
passed
on
,
to
oppose
whose
passage
the
Persian
King
took
the
Field
with
one
hundred
twenty
thousand
Horse
,
and
put
30
thousand
men
into
Babylon
,
with
what
was
necessary
for
their
subsistence
,
but
at
the
same
time
his
Countrey
on
the
other
side
being
invaded
by
the
great
Mogul
o●
India
,
who
in
favour
of
Morat
had
raised
a
powerful
Army
,
he
did
not
think
it
convenient
to
give
the
Turks
Battle
but
permitted
them
to
pass
the
Euphrates
over
a
Brige
,
though
not
without
gr●●t
loss
,
for
the
Bridge
giving
way
under
so
great
a
weight
,
many
Men
,
Horses
,
and
Camels
perished
in
the
Water
,
but
it
being
repaired
the
remainder
of
the
Army
attained
the
further
Bank
,
and
in
a
short
time
came
to
Mosul
,
antiently
called
Ninive
,
where
all
the
petty
Princes
whose
Countries
were
near
came
to
the
Camp
and
tendered
their
Homage
to
the
Grand
Signeour
,
bringing
many
rich
presents
and
promising
to
become
his
Tributaries
.
The
Army
rising
from
before
Mosul
,
Morat
marched
directly
to
Babylon
,
(
otherwise
Bagdat
accounted
the
ancientest
City
in
the
World
,
reported
to
be
built
by
Nimrod
on
the
Bank
of
the
River
Euphrates
)
which
he
straitly
besieged
,
ordering
his
Batteries
in
three
places
to
be
raised
,
and
each
Battalion
to
be
appointed
his
quarter
,
himself
being
attired
like
a
private
Souldier
to
be
the
less
exposed
to
danger
,
protesting
he
would
never
change
his
Cloathes
unless
he
might
do
it
within
the
Walls
of
Babylon
,
and
with
words
and
gifts
so
incouraged
the
Officers
and
Souldiers
that
within
three
dayes
the
Trenches
were
opened
,
himself
giving
Fire
to
the
first
Cannon
,
and
after
that
with
fifty
great
pieces
he
thundered
against
the
Walls
incessantly
,
being
answered
in
the
same
Language
by
the
Defendants
,
who
were
eighty
thousand
fighting
men
,
four
or
5
thousand
of
which
frequently
sallyed
as
they
saw
advantage
making
great
slaughter
of
the
Turks
for
the
Persian
had
put
into
this
important
place
his
Souldiers
of
greatest
courage
,
thinking
by
that
means
to
prevent
its
falling
into
the
Grand
Signeors
hands
,
either
by
their
valour
or
protracting
the
time
till
he
could
be
better
at
leasure
to
relieve
it
,
but
notwithstanding
the
continual
skirmishes
,
the
Turks
numerous
Army
advanced
the
Trenches
to
the
brink
of
the
Ditches
,
railing
several
redoubts
to
secure
themselves
,
and
hinder
the
besieged
from
sallying
,
and
so
effectually
they
wrought
,
hat
within
one
months
space
they
filled
up
the
first
and
second
Ditches
with
Woolsacks
,
Fagots
,
and
the
like
;
and
then
in
great
numbers
assaulted
the
breaches
the
Cannon
had
made
,
but
were
strenuously
repulsed
by
the
Persians
,
who
showred
on
them
all
manner
of
warlike
instruments
of
death
.
The
great
Visier
signalizing
himself
above
all
by
his
undaunted
courage
,
commanding
with
his
hand
and
voice
was
slain
by
a
Musquet
shot
.
This
fight
within
the
breach
continued
for
the
space
of
five
days
,
where
both
parties
fighting
like
men
in
despair
,
the
dead
bodies
lay
in
heaps
,
and
blood
flowed
like
a
Torrent
.
But
at
length
the
number
of
Turks
prevailing
they
under
the
leading
of
Mustapha
Bassa
,
on
the
22th
.
of
December
,
Anno
Dom.
1638.
entered
the
City
,
and
set
up
the
Royal
standard
,
against
whom
notwithstanding
four
and
twenty
thousand
Persians
made
head
,
but
quarter
being
offered
them
they
readily
accepted
it
,
throwing
down
their
Armes
and
submitting
upon
the
publick
Faith
of
the
Grand
Signeour
for
their
safety
,
who
contrary
to
his
promise
caused
them
when
disarmed
most
barbarously
to
be
Massacred
,
not
sparing
either
Man
,
Woman
or
Child
.
The
taking
of
Babylon
caused
great
rejoycing
at
Constantinople
,
a
twenty
dayes
Feast
being
thereupon
proclaimed
,
and
many
Ceremonies
used
according
to
the
Turkish
manner
,
and
the
Grand
Signeour
having
left
a
Garrison
of
thirty
thousand
Men
in
his
new
conquered
City
returned
to
the
Port
,
having
in
this
Expedition
lost
by
the
Sword
,
Famine
,
and
Pestilence
one
hundred
thousand
of
his
best
men
,
and
himself
very
much
afflicted
with
sickness
.
Soon
after
his
return
and
triumphant
enterance
,
an
Ambassador
arrived
from
Persia
with
proposals
of
Peace
,
who
being
admitted
to
Audience
,
and
the
matter
afterwards
referred
to
the
Chimacam
a
Peace
was
concluded
,
the
chief
Article
being
that
Reven
should
remain
to
the
Sophy
,
and
Babylon
to
the
Grand
Signeour
.
During
the
Persian
War
the
Venetians
having
sustained
great
dammage
by
the
Pyrates
of
Algier
and
Tunis
,
set
forth
a
Fleet
of
Gallies
and
destroyed
many
of
those
Rovers
and
amongst
the
rest
seven
in
the
Grand
Signeours
Port
of
Valona
,
which
he
highly
resented
,
but
in
the
end
was
by
several
rich
Presents
pacified
,
and
the
Peace
renewed
:
and
soon
after
an
Envoy
extraordinary
from
the
Emperor
of
Germany
arrived
at
the
Port
,
to
congratulate
the
Grand
Signeours
success
in
his
late
Persian
War
,
but
not
bringing
such
Presents
as
were
expected
,
he
was
not
received
with
the
honour
due
to
his
Character
;
and
there
happening
a
dispute
between
the
English
Ambassador
and
this
Envoy
about
precedency
,
the
Turks
granted
it
the
former
,
being
made
to
understand
the
difference
Christian
Princes
make
between
an
Ambassador
and
an
Envoy
.
And
now
Morat
studying
on
whom
to
turn
his
Arms
,
at
length
concluded
to
invade
Germany
,
and
in
order
thereto
called
him
the
new
Grand
Visier
Mustapha
,
whom
he
had
left
with
a
part
of
the
Army
in
Persia
,
but
death
frustrated
his
project
,
for
drinking
excessively
with
several
of
his
Favourites
and
pot
Companions
he
fell
into
a
Fevour
,
whereupon
his
Physitians
being
called
were
fearful
to
administer
remedies
,
least
proving
unsuccessful
their
lives
should
be
indangered
,
yet
at
length
they
concluded
to
let
him
blood
which
ha●●●●ed
his
end
,
●he
dying
the
8th
.
of
February
,
Anno
Dom
1640.
of
his
Reign
the
seventeen
,
and
of
his
Age
thirty
one
,
having
ruled
in
the
height
of
all
excess
and
irregular
disorders
his
youthful
years
inabled
him
to
support
having
murthered
Orchan
and
Bajazet
,
two
of
his
Brethren
and
leaving
himself
no
Issue
,
so
that
Ibrahim
Son
of
Achmat
,
and
his
younger
Brother
,
preserved
by
strange
Providence
from
his
fury
succeeded
him
in
the
Empire
.
CHAP.
XXIII
.
The
Life
and
Reign
of
Sultan
Ibrahim
,
the
Twefth
Emperour
of
the
Turks
.
MOrat
being
dead
as
is
before
recited
,
Ibrahim
the
onely
Male
surviver
of
the
Ottoman
Race
,
was
taken
from
the
Prison
in
which
his
Brother
had
confined
him
and
proclaimed
Emperor
,
though
Morat
in
his
Life
time
had
by
his
will
bequeathed
his
Empire
to
the
Tartar
.
This
new
Emperor
being
of
a
soft
nature
suffered
himself
to
be
wholly
governed
by
his
Mother
,
and
such
Ministers
as
were
about
him
,
himself
being
altogether
weak
in
his
understanding
.
So
that
the
War
intended
against
the
Germans
was
by
the
Council
of
the
great
Visier
reverted
on
the
Cossacks
,
yet
for
some
reason
for
a
while
suspended
,
the
great
Visier
in
the
mean
while
studying
to
take
such
out
of
the
way
that
might
Eclipse
his
grandure
,
and
amongst
the
rest
he
caused
the
Captain
Bassa
,
the
deceased
Emperors
Chief
Favorite
to
be
beheaded
in
Selistra
,
whither
he
had
sent
him
Governour
for
that
purpose
.
The
news
of
Sultan
Ibrahims
advancement
to
the
Throne
,
being
known
to
the
Christian
Princes
,
few
of
them
deferred
to
send
Ambassadors
to
congratulate
him
on
that
occasion
,
each
making
him
large
Presents
as
the
manner
is
,
for
as
't
is
often
said
in
this
History
none
may
have
Audience
of
the
Turkish
Emperour
that
comes
empty
handed
.
The
Grand
Signeour
about
this
time
greatly
addicting
himself
to
the
use
of
Women
,
fell
into
an
Apoplexy
which
put
many
in
doubt
of
his
recovery
,
and
raised
the
greater
confusion
by
reason
he
had
no
Children
,
and
that
it
was
given
out
by
his
Women
with
whom
he
had
to
do
,
that
he
was
not
capable
of
generation
,
therefore
the
Councellors
consulted
amongst
themselves
,
that
in
case
he
died
without
Issue
the
Son
of
a
Sister
or
Neece
should
ascend
the
Throne
,
and
that
in
no
wise
the
Succession
should
devolve
to
the
Tartar
,
whose
right
it
is
upon
the
failure
of
the
Ottoman
Male-line
,
but
he
soon
after
recovering
of
his
indisposition
put
them
in
some
hopes
,
though
that
joy
was
damped
by
the
advice
that
came
to
Court
of
the
ruine
of
several
Important
Cities
on
the
Frontires
of
Persia
by
a
terrible
Earthquake
.
Yet
the
Grand
Signeour
to
show
the
World
that
he
intended
something
,
gave
Order
to
the
Grand
Visier
to
besiege
Asac
,
possessed
by
the
Cossacks
in
the
Reign
of
Morat
,
as
is
aforesaid
which
he
did
both
by
Sea
and
Land
,
and
not
without
great
loss
of
his
best
men
,
reduced
it
to
the
Turkish
obedience
,
Anno
Dom.
1641.
at
what
time
it
was
abandoned
by
the
Garrison
of
Cossacks
,
who
despairing
to
hold
it
long
departed
with
all
their
substance
.
About
the
beginning
of
the
following
year
the
doubt
of
the
Grand
Signeours
improcreation
vanished
for
one
of
his
Sultanesses
brought
forth
a
Son
,
who
was
named
Mahomet
,
which
replenished
the
Turkish
Empire
with
joy
,
which
Prince
now
sways
the
Ottoman
Scepter
,
during
the
Triumphs
for
the
birth
of
the
young
Prince
,
the
Persian
King
by
his
Ambassador
renewed
his
League
with
the
Sultan
,
which
was
performed
upon
an
additional
Article
,
that
the
Sophy
would
demolish
the
Fortress
of
Fortrina
,
which
he
had
built
contrary
to
Articles
on
the
Frontires
,
not
far
from
the
Caspian
Sea
,
which
that
it
might
assuredly
be
performed
a
Capugibathee
was
dispatched
to
see
it
effected
,
after
which
a
considerable
body
of
Turks
gathering
together
in
Hungary
,
endeavoured
to
surprize
●ab
a
strong
Garrison
on
the
frontires
in
this
manner
,
viz.
one
hundred
men
being
trussed
up
in
Carts
,
and
covered
with
Hay
and
Straw
in
the
habit
of
Peasants
,
who
getting
enterance
,
were
to
leap
out
and
surprize
the
Centinels
that
guarded
the
Gate
,
at
what
time
four
thousand
Turks
for
that
purpose
layed
in
Ambush
were
to
enter
and
possess
themselves
of
the
place
,
but
this
Treachery
succeeded
not
,
the
Ambuscado
being
discovered
by
an
Officer
of
the
Garrison
that
was
abroad
,
he
made
it
known
to
the
Guards
,
who
notwithstanding
permitted
the
Carts
to
enter
and
then
drew
up
the
Bridge
and
unloaded
the
Carts
,
which
rendred
it
apparent
the
intended
Treachery
in
time
of
Peace
,
of
which
the
Emperour
sent
and
Ambassador
to
Constantinople
,
but
the
Turks
being
ashamed
of
what
had
happened
,
especially
of
their
evil
success
would
not
admit
the
Ambassador
to
his
Audience
unless
the
Emperor
would
first
agree
to
pay
a
yearly
charge
of
one
hundred
thousand
Rix-Dollars
to
the
Port
,
not
by
way
of
Tribute
but
of
Present
,
in
which
unreasonable
demand
they
took
more
confidence
for
that
they
well
perceived
the
Emperour
was
intangled
in
his
Wars
with
Sweden
,
the
Christians
dissension
being
ever
advantagious
to
the
Turks
.
To
these
dishonorable
demands
the
Emperour
would
in
no
wise
condescend
,
supposing
it
less
perilous
to
venture
a
War
in
Hungary
then
to
comply
with
propositions
so
derogatory
to
the
Majesty
of
his
C●sa●ean
greatness
.
Ibrahim
addicting
himself
to
the
Company
of
Women
then
in
which
he
seemed
in
nothing
more
to
delight
,
spent
more
Treasure
in
the
sift
Wars
of
Venus
,
than
his
Predecessor
had
done
in
his
Persian
Expedition
,
and
so
laboured
he
therein
that
Anno
Dom.
1643.
he
had
two
other
Sons
born
,
which
absolutely
took
away
the
reproach
of
his
frigidity
and
impotency
,
proving
afterward
the
most
Lascivious
and
devoted
Sultan
that
ever
aspired
to
the
Mahometan
paradise
,
where
the
Company
of
fair
Women
is
the
chiefest
felicity
promised
.
Yet
that
he
might
not
be
forgot
abroad
,
he
sent
out
his
Fleet
of
Gallies
,
under
the
command
of
his
Captain
Bassa
,
who
after
much
Treasure
spent
without
effecting
any
thing
,
except
strangling
the
Bassa
of
Cyprus
for
his
store
of
Wealth
he
returned
.
About
this
time
a
great
Plague
raging
at
Alexandria
,
about
six
thousand
slaves
found
means
to
escape
and
carry
with
them
several
Vessels
that
rode
at
Anchor
in
the
road
,
in
which
they
conveyed
themselves
to
Candia
and
Malta
,
and
from
thence
many
of
them
found
means
to
depart
to
their
respective
Countries
,
of
which
the
Grand
Signeour
having
notice
,
sent
to
the
Signory
of
Venice
to
command
their
redelivery
,
which
not
being
performed
afterwards
occasioned
the
loss
of
Candia
,
as
shall
in
the
Reign
of
Mahomet
the
fourth
be
discoursed
of
more
at
large
.
Now
the
year
1644.
beginning
Rogotskie
Prince
of
Transylvania
,
who
succeeded
Gabor
in
that
Principality
being
of
a
turbulent
nature
,
he
so
wrought
with
the
discontented
Hungarians
and
Austrians
that
he
caused
them
to
Rebel
,
to
whom
he
joyning
his
Forces
,
drew
after
him
fifty
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
,
with
which
he
took
Solnock
,
besieged
Filek
and
Cassovia
,
for
suppressing
of
whom
the
Emperor
caused
his
Troops
to
advance
,
who
in
divers
skirmishes
worsted
the
Rebels
,
and
overthrew
six
thousand
Turks
,
who
were
coming
to
the
assistance
of
Rogotski
,
but
at
length
both
parties
tired
with
the
toiles
of
War
,
on
the
14th
.
of
August
in
the
following
year
a
Peace
was
concluded
,
and
soon
after
the
Grand
Signeors
Mother
ruling
all
in
effect
caused
the
Grand
Visier
to
be
put
to
death
,
thereby
to
render
her
Authority
more
dreadful
to
the
rest
,
and
caused
her
Son
to
appoint
Mahomet
Bassa
of
Damascus
Grand
Visier
in
his
stead
,
who
was
altogether
at
her
devotion
as
being
first
promoted
to
the
Bassa-ship
of
Damascus
,
at
her
instant
sute
to
her
Son
Morat
Predecessor
to
this
Emperor
.
Whilst
these
matters
were
in
agitation
the
Tartars
forgetful
of
their
late
Peace
,
made
an
incursion
with
thirty
thousand
men
into
Russia
,
against
whom
Konispolski
having
made
head
with
twenty
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
defeated
them
,
killing
twelve
thousand
,
and
taking
three
thousand
Prisoners
pursuing
the
remainder
to
the
Borders
of
Valachia
,
in
like
manner
Wisnowick
.
a
noble
Polander
happily
encountering
another
party
of
Tartars
,
as
they
were
returning
from
the
spoil
of
a
part
of
Moscovia
,
killed
ten
thousand
of
them
,
and
recovered
a
great
booty
,
sending
the
rest
naked
into
their
own
Countrey
.
The
Polonians
thus
prevailing
the
Grand
Signeour
to
curry
favour
with
the
Polonian
King
,
deposed
the
Tartar
Han
from
his
soveraignty
,
which
caused
various
discourses
,
but
upon
the
birth
of
the
Grand
Signeours
fourth
Son
that
wonder
ceased
,
nor
was
that
all
which
changed
the
scene
of
admiration
,
for
about
this
time
six
Gallies
of
the
Turks
passing
from
Constantinople
to
Alexandria
were
taken
by
the
Knights
of
Malta
,
which
greatly
incensed
the
Grand
Signeour
against
the
Venetians
who
had
it
in
charge
according
to
the
League
concluded
between
that
Signory
and
the
Port
,
to
guard
those
Seas
,
insomuch
that
under
Pretence
of
destroying
the
Island
of
Malta
,
this
and
former
grievances
induced
the
Grand
Signeour
to
make
great
preparation
for
the
Invasion
of
Candia
formerly
called
Grete
,
yet
the
Venetian
Balio
or
Ambassador
was
caressed
at
such
a
rate
as
he
suspected
no
such
Treachery
,
but
the
state
growing
jealous
upon
notice
of
the
great
Naval
preparation
,
provided
cautiously
for
the
safety
of
their
Island
.
During
these
preparations
the
Grand
Signeor
followed
his
Lascivious
courses
keeping
his
female
Court
in
such
splendor
,
that
his
greatest
Treasure
was
spent
therein
,
nor
was
all
the
Silks
of
Italy
sufficient
to
suffice
his
Women
,
but
upon
the
false
rumour
that
the
design
was
against
the
Maltesians
,
they
were
not
idle
but
in
the
best
manner
Fortified
their
chief
places
of
strength
,
yet
in
the
end
the
storm
fell
not
there
but
upon
Candia
,
for
the
Fleet
of
a
hundred
Gallies
,
and
fifty
great
Ships
with
three
hundered
Saicks
,
most
of
the
latter
being
pressed
for
the
transportation
of
Souldiers
being
arrived
at
Scio
after
refreshment
of
the
Army
consisting
of
seven
thousand
Janizaries
,
fourteen
thousand
Spahies
,
fifty
thousand
Timariots
,
three
thousand
Pioners
,
besides
Cooks
,
Bakers
and
other
necessary
followers
set
sail
for
Napoli
Di
Romagnia
,
and
having
stayed
there
some
time
weighed
Anchor
and
touching
at
divers
Islands
,
some
belonging
to
the
Venetians
,
and
others
not
,
they
at
length
came
to
Candia
(
having
taken
a
Venetian
Vessel
laden
with
Ammunition
,
and
bound
for
Retimo
by
the
way
)
where
no
longer
being
able
to
hide
their
intentions
they
unmasked
themselves
,
by
publishing
the
War
both
there
and
at
Constantinople
,
the
latter
of
which
was
attended
with
the
imprisonment
of
the
Balio
or
Venetian
Ambassador
,
and
giving
order
through
all
the
Archipelago
for
the
enslaving
and
destroying
all
the
subjects
of
that
Republick
,
and
here
the
Turk
practised
his
usual
beginning
of
War
with
more
then
ordinary
caution
,
for
though
with
other
Princes
whose
Territories
border
on
him
by
Land
,
he
usually
endeavours
to
strike
at
the
same
time
when
he
gives
the
salutation
of
Peace
.
Yet
here
being
to
contend
at
Sea
where
he
was
conscious
his
forces
were
inferiour
to
those
of
Venice
,
he
practised
by
a
different
method
,
making
many
vows
and
protestations
that
no
such
thing
was
intended
till
he
had
safely
Landed
his
Forces
,
yet
were
not
the
Venetians
so
easie
of
belief
,
but
that
they
likewise
Armed
thirty
Gallies
,
seventeen
English
and
Dutch
Ships
,
two
Galliasses
,
and
several
other
Vessels
of
force
,
raising
a
great
power
by
Land
to
transport
into
that
important
Island
,
imploring
the
assistance
of
divers
Christian
Princes
,
who
were
not
backward
to
their
said
,
sending
their
Fleet
to
Sea
under
the
Command
of
Antonio
Capello
.
Francisco
Molino
being
made
Proveditor
General
,
whose
good
conduct
in
affairs
caused
him
to
be
made
Proveditor
General
,
and
afterwards
Duke
of
Venice
,
and
an
express
sent
to
Andree
Cornaro
Inquisitor
in
Candia
,
to
Arm
out
twenty
Gallies
from
the
Arsenal
of
Canea
,
and
to
promote
this
design
the
better
,
two
English
,
an
one
Dutch
Ship
then
in
the
Port
of
Mallomocco
were
hired
to
carry
Timber
,
fitted
and
already
squared
for
the
compleating
the
said
number
of
Gallies
,
and
Francisco
Erizzo
was
appointed
General
of
all
the
Naval
Forces
,
but
he
being
stricken
in
years
,
whilst
he
intended
to
crown
the
remainder
of
his
dayes
with
glory
was
taken
off
by
death
,
leaving
sufficiently
graced
with
the
memory
of
his
past
actions
;
yet
the
Fleet
was
no
ways
obstructed
,
but
with
a
prosperous
gale
sailed
to
Corfu
,
and
from
thence
to
Candia
,
where
the
Turks
were
arrived
before
them
and
had
landed
without
opposition
,
occasioned
by
the
difference
(
that
antient
Remora
)
amongst
the
Christian
Princes
Confederates
,
with
the
Venetians
about
bearing
the
flag
,
which
was
vigorously
contended
for
by
the
Genoways
and
Florentines
,
nor
could
it
be
reconciled
though
the
Pope
earnestly
laboured
therein
,
advising
them
for
the
deciding
the
controversie
at
a
time
when
the
urgency
admitted
of
no
delay
to
wave
Ceremonies
,
yet
ere
they
could
come
to
the
assistance
of
the
Venetians
,
the
Turks
had
spoiled
a
great
part
of
the
Island
,
and
after
divers
skirmishes
with
much
blood
and
slaughter
took
Canea
,
the
second
City
of
importance
,
and
after
that
Retimo
,
in
defence
of
which
Andrea
Cornaro
lost
his
Life
by
a
Musquet
shot
.
Anno
1646.
The
opportunity
was
fair
for
destroying
the
Turks
Fleet
as
it
carelesly
rod
at
Anchor
near
the
Isle
of
Theodoro
opposite
to
Canea
,
where
had
the
advantage
been
improved
it
might
easily
have
been
burnt
,
but
such
was
the
contention
amongst
the
Christian
Commanders
,
that
nothing
was
attempted
worthy
of
mention
,
whereupon
Molino
General
of
the
Venetian
Land
Forces
was
revoked
by
the
Senate
,
and
dismissed
of
his
high
charge
,
Capello
being
appointed
to
succeed
him
,
who
being
strengthned
with
an
additional
supply
of
Gallies
,
Galliasses
and
Ships
of
War
he
wasted
the
Island
,
whilst
Morosini
with
two
and
twenty
Ships
faced
the
Towers
of
the
Dordanellis
in
the
Hellespont
,
and
braved
the
Ottoman
power
incountering
such
Gallies
as
in
a
dead
calm
were
sent
out
against
him
,
which
after
a
sharp
dispute
he
obliged
to
retire
,
and
then
sailed
to
joyn
his
Admiral
perswading
him
to
give
the
Turks
Battle
,
but
whilst
he
delayed
they
landed
an
additional
strength
of
forty
thousand
men
on
the
Island
,
and
kept
their
Gallies
so
close
within
the
Harbour
that
they
could
not
be
indammaged
without
great
disadvantage
to
the
Christians
,
nor
did
the
Fire-Ships
too
late
prepared
to
burn
them
succeed
,
by
reason
they
took
Fire
too
soon
;
yet
the
succeeding
year
Morosini
having
notice
that
the
Turks
were
Landed
at
Scio
,
and
that
they
carelesly
romed
up
and
down
,
came
thither
with
divers
Ships
of
War
took
several
of
their
Gallies
,
and
in
them
many
prisoners
of
note
,
but
soon
afterward
being
serated
from
his
Squadron
in
a
storm
,
he
was
set
upon
by
fifteen
Gallies
of
Rhodes
and
boarded
,
where
fighting
valiantly
he
was
slain
by
a
Musquet
Bullet
,
yet
his
Ship
upon
the
coming
in
of
two
Galliasses
was
rescued
.
The
funeral
solemnity
of
this
renowned
Captain
was
celebrated
with
all
Pomp
at
Venice
.
Not
by
Sea
only
but
at
Land
the
Turks
invaded
the
Venetian
Territories
,
for
pouring
a
multitude
of
men
into
Dalmatia
,
yet
were
not
greatly
successful
for
Leonardo
Foscolo
the
Venetian
General
,
on
that
side
overthrew
their
Forces
in
divers
conflicts
.
In
one
of
which
he
took
the
Sanzack
Licca
,
and
slew
his
Son
,
recovered
Saccovar
,
Polissano
,
Islan
,
and
Novogrode
,
the
latter
of
which
by
order
of
the
Senate
he
demolished
,
and
pursuing
his
good
success
took
all
the
Cities
and
Towns
the
Turks
held
on
that
side
,
utterly
driving
them
out
of
Dalmatia
,
but
this
joy
was
palliated
by
the
unwelcome
news
of
the
Fleets
being
wrecked
in
the
Archipelago
,
and
a
great
number
of
Ships
and
Gallies
broken
to
pieces
,
which
so
raised
the
drooping
courage
of
the
Turks
that
they
advanced
to
the
Walls
of
Candia
,
and
straitly
besieged
it
but
were
so
valiantly
repulsed
by
the
Christians
that
had
put
themselves
into
it
that
after
the
loss
of
thirty
thousand
men
they
were
obliged
to
retire
as
not
being
capable
of
gaining
it
,
though
Foscolo
about
this
time
proved
successful
in
taking
Clissa
,
a
strong
Fort
scituate
in
the
confines
of
Dalmatia
,
and
overthrew
Feckeli
Bassa
killing
and
taking
Prisoners
the
greatest
part
of
his
Army
,
which
caused
Morlaches
to
revolt
,
and
several
of
the
principal
inhabitants
of
Scutary
to
treat
with
the
Venetian
General
about
putting
that
City
into
his
hands
,
to
take
possession
of
which
seven
thousand
men
were
sent
who
seized
some
several
smal
places
,
but
ere
they
could
arrive
at
Scutari
,
their
design
was
discovered
and
they
obliged
for
the
preservation
of
their
lives
,
to
betake
themselves
to
the
Mountains
for
as
many
as
were
taken
the
Turks
impailed
them
alive
.
The
Grand
Visier
inraged
for
the
loss
of
Clissa
dispatched
Dervis
Bassa
into
part
of
Bosna
with
a
powerful
Army
to
assault
Spelatro
,
against
whom
the
Venetian
General
marched
together
with
Serich
Capt.
of
Morlaches
,
but
by
reason
of
the
Christians
disorderly
march
,
in
gathering
the
spoil
of
the
Countrey
,
the
Turks
set
upon
a
part
of
the
Army
and
put
it
to
the
rout
,
though
Serich
and
other
Dalmatian
Captains
did
all
that
men
could
perform
In
this
conflict
400
Christians
were
slain
and
as
many
taken
Prisoners
,
amongst
the
latter
of
which
was
the
Captain
of
Moriaches
whom
the
Turks
flayed
alive
,
and
afterwards
impailed
,
yet
though
they
subdued
his
body
they
could
not
conquer
his
invincible
mind
,
he
bearing
the
same
Constancy
and
Resolution
in
his
torments
as
he
had
done
in
Battle
.
During
these
transactions
Ibrahim
indulged
himself
in
all
manner
of
pleasures
leaving
the
management
of
all
his
affairs
to
his
Bassa
,
himself
being
wholly
directed
by
a
wench
,
who
in
the
nature
of
a
Baud
or
procurer
went
from
bath
to
bath
to
take
a
view
of
the
Ladies
,
and
those
she
perceived
fairest
,
she
inquired
out
the
places
of
their
abode
and
recommended
them
to
her
Lord
,
who
upon
hearing
her
praise
their
beauty
would
instantly
be
enamoured
of
them
and
send
to
fetch
them
either
by
fair
means
or
force
to
his
Bed
.
This
course
taken
for
a
while
without
coutroul
,
she
at
length
filled
his
ears
with
the
commendation
of
a
Sultaness
,
Widow
to
his
brother
Morat
deceased
,
but
this
Woman
could
by
no
intreaty
be
won
to
his
Lust
,
nor
obliged
with
presents
to
comply
alledging
she
had
vowed
perpetual
Widowhood
,
and
that
her
former
Lord
to
was
living
in
conceit
,
which
denyal
the
more
inraged
Ibrahim
now
grown
impatient
of
delay
,
wherefore
he
intended
to
snatch
that
by
force
that
intreaty
could
not
gain
,
wherefore
watching
her
one
day
as
she
came
out
of
the
Bath
,
he
siezed
her
in
his
armes
,
which
she
perceiving
resolved
upon
the
defence
of
her
Chastity
,
and
therefore
drew
her
Dagger
(
a
weapon
which
the
Sultaness
and
Chief
Lady
wear
at
their
sides
)
and
offered
to
wound
him
in
her
own
defence
,
which
observing
let
go
his
hold
,
at
what
time
the
bustle
causing
a
loud
clamour
his
Mother
came
from
her
apartment
,
who
understanding
what
had
happened
began
to
reprove
her
son
of
his
lascivious
behaviour
,
during
which
the
Sultaness
found
means
to
escape
,
which
so
incensed
Ibrahim
that
he
confined
his
Mother
to
the
old
Seraglio
,
interdicting
her
his
presence
till
with
submission
and
many
intreaties
she
had
obtained
pardon
.
After
the
loss
of
this
Sultaness
his
procurer
called
by
him
Shecher
Para
,
casting
her
eyes
upon
the
Daughter
of
the
Mufti
a
young
Lady
of
excellent
beauty
,
so
warmed
the
heart
of
Ibrahim
with
the
relation
of
her
rare
perfections
,
that
he
resolved
to
have
her
at
any
rate
,
and
therefore
at
first
resolved
to
send
for
her
by
force
,
but
considering
the
power
of
the
Mufti
,
he
upon
second
thoughts
suppoled
it
not
convenient
to
incense
him
by
such
a
rash
action
,
but
rather
to
send
for
him
and
to
treat
with
him
about
taking
his
daughter
to
be
one
of
his
Sultana's
,
which
he
did
,
and
reasoned
with
him
about
that
affair
,
but
the
old
man
who
intirely
loved
his
daughter
and
well
considering
the
wandering
loves
of
Ibrahim
,
and
that
he
having
already
sons
her
off
spring
would
be
either
poisoned
,
strangled
or
become
sad
recluses
after
his
death
,
inwardly
resolved
not
to
consent
to
his
request
,
yet
dissembled
the
matter
in
excusing
so
great
an
honour
to
one
that
was
unworthy
of
it
,
but
withal
concluded
to
deal
with
his
Daughter
in
the
best
mannen
to
the
Sultans
advantage
,
but
by
their
Law
could
oblige
her
therein
no
further
then
her
free
consent
allowed
.
Pleased
with
this
answer
Ibrahim
dismissed
the
Mufti
with
several
rich
presents
,
thinking
his
wishes
should
now
be
satisfied
,
but
the
old
man
having
hardened
his
Daughter
not
to
accept
this
offer
returned
with
the
unexpected
news
next
morning
,
that
notwithstanding
his
perswasion
and
paternal
commands
,
his
Daughter
proved
averse
contrary
to
his
expectation
,
but
the
reason
he
knew
not
how
to
conjecture
,
since
Women
are
commonly
irregular
and
unreasonable
in
their
affections
,
Ibrahim
in
this
manner
disappointed
of
what
he
most
desired
,
dismissed
the
Mufti
with
neglect
and
disdaign
,
as
one
who
had
deceived
his
trust
soon
after
banished
him
the
Court
and
his
presence
,
growing
unsatisfied
at
all
his
administrations
of
Justice
,
and
resolved
another
course
for
obtaining
the
young
Lady
,
the
management
of
which
he
committed
to
her
who
had
recommended
her
to
him
,
who
assaulted
her
with
promises
of
greatness
,
rich
gifts
,
and
many
fair
words
,
but
finding
the
Virgin
to
be
deaf
to
her
Sirens
song
,
she
at
last
taking
pitty
of
such
innocence
and
vertue
at
her
request
and
for
a
great
reward
,
promised
so
to
deal
with
the
Sultan
that
he
should
put
her
out
of
his
thoughts
which
she
attempted
but
in
vain
,
for
Ibrahim
who
by
this
time
had
viewed
her
rare
perfections
was
so
inamoured
of
her
,
that
sleeping
or
waking
he
fancyed
her
Ides
before
him
,
whereupon
finding
fair
means
ineffectual
he
resolved
to
use
those
he
had
often
done
,
wherefore
he
commanded
the
Grand
Visier
,
that
next
time
she
came
to
the
bath
he
set
a
Guard
upon
her
,
and
by
force
bring
her
to
his
Bed
,
which
was
accordingly
done
,
and
Ibrahim
for
some
dayes
enjoyed
her
,
but
sullenness
,
tears
and
reluctancy
much
abated
the
pleasure
he
expected
for
she
would
by
no
means
be
comforted
,
wherefore
with
scorn
and
contempt
he
returned
her
to
her
father
,
who
at
first
dissembled
the
injury
and
disgrace
,
but
in
the
end
making
his
resentments
known
to
Mahomet
Bassa
a
Principal
member
of
the
Divano
,
one
of
great
Wisdom
and
practise
in
the
conduct
of
affairs
,
as
also
to
the
Aga
of
the
Janizaries
,
both
Enemies
to
the
Grand
Visier
.
It
was
concluded
the
Queen
Mother
should
be
drawn
into
the
Conspiracy
,
but
how
to
do
it
against
her
Son
they
knew
not
well
,
therefore
resolved
first
the
destruction
of
the
Grand
Visier
by
laying
to
his
charge
the
contrivance
of
the
Rape
,
as
well
as
the
forceable
seizing
of
the
Virgin
,
though
they
aimed
at
deposing
the
Grand
Signeour
.
The
Plot
thus
layed
the
Mufti
begged
an
Audience
of
the
Queen
as
if
the
would
intreat
her
to
become
an
humble
Intercessor
for
him
to
her
Son
,
and
being
admitted
to
her
presence
,
after
some
conference
he
plainly
perceived
her
inveterate
hatred
against
Ibrahim
which
made
him
break
his
mind
more
boldly
to
her
and
in
the
end
to
propose
the
Imprisonment
of
the
Grand
Signeor
yet
palliated
his
discourse
with
this
allay
,
that
he
should
not
be
absolutely
layed
aside
but
only
corrected
a
while
,
and
thereby
put
in
remembrance
of
his
former
state
,
that
so
for
the
future
he
might
be
instructed
what
moderation
and
Justice
meant
,
and
so
insinuated
that
the
Queen
in
hopes
of
Governing
all
consented
to
what
he
proposed
,
whereupon
strengthening
their
party
they
so
wrought
that
they
caused
the
Janizaries
to
mutiny
,
and
went
at
the
heard
of
them
to
the
Grand
Signeour
,
as
seemingly
forced
to
do
by
the
rude
Soldiers
,
and
being
admitted
they
boldly
demanded
that
the
Grand
Visier
should
be
deprived
of
his
office
,
and
that
(
as
it
had
been
before
agreed
amongst
the
Conspirators
)
Mahomet
Bassa
should
succeed
him
in
his
office
,
which
the
Grand
Signeour
at
first
refused
,
but
being
perswaded
by
his
Mother
that
it
was
at
that
time
necessary
so
to
do
for
appeasing
the
Tumultuary
Souldiers
he
consented
.
Achmet
the
deposed
Visier
trembling
at
the
consequences
hereof
,
resolved
to
commit
himself
to
the
protection
of
his
merciless
Enemy
the
Mufti
,
and
therefore
hastened
to
his
house
to
attend
his
return
,
hoping
to
find
him
his
protector
,
but
the
Mufti
returning
with
the
Aga
of
the
Janizaries
,
and
finding
the
deposed
Visier
in
his
house
,
the
latter
by
the
advice
of
the
former
delivered
him
up
to
the
fury
of
the
Souldiers
who
having
strangled
him
threw
his
dead
body
before
the
gate
of
the
new
Mosch
.
The
next
day
the
Janizaries
arising
in
like
tumult
as
before
,
demanded
of
the
Mufti
whether
according
to
their
Law
Ibrahim
as
a
Fool
,
Tyrant
,
and
one
unfit
to
wield
the
Ottoman
Scepter
,
ought
not
to
be
deposed
.
To
which
the
Mufti
gave
answer
in
the
affirmative
,
and
caused
Ibrahim
to
be
summoned
the
next
day
to
appear
in
the
Divano
to
administer
Justice
to
his
Subjects
,
and
Souldiers
who
expected
it
from
him
.
But
the
Sultan
supposing
he
had
sufficiently
satisfied
the
Souldiers
by
putting
the
Grand
Visier
out
of
office
,
laughed
at
the
summons
the
Mufti
had
made
him
which
being
seconded
by
a
Fetfa
(
which
is
a
point
of
Law
resolved
by
the
Mufti
,
who
is
the
mouth
and
Oracle
of
the
Law
,
viz.
that
the
Grand
Signeour
called
to
account
is
obliged
to
appear
before
the
Justice
.
)
The
Sultan
in
high
disdaign
tore
the
paper
,
threatning
the
head
of
the
Mufti
,
but
it
was
now
too
late
he
having
surely
fortified
himself
with
the
power
and
strength
of
his
rebellious
companions
.
This
Fetfa
was
immediately
seconded
by
a
summons
of
a
higher
nature
which
declared
that
whosoever
disobeyed
the
Law
of
God
was
not
a
true
Mussulman
or
believer
,
and
though
the
Person
of
the
Emperour
himself
,
yet
being
become
by
his
actions
a
Rafir
or
Infidel
was
ipso
facto
fallen
from
his
Throne
,
and
no
further
capable
of
Authority
or
Government
.
This
Fetfa
being
seen
by
Ibrahim
he
likewise
tore
it
,
commanding
the
Grand
Visier
instantly
to
put
the
Mufti
to
death
as
guilty
of
Treason
against
his
Emperour
,
but
having
by
this
time
lost
his
Authority
,
his
commands
were
not
obeyed
,
nor
his
person
reverenced
,
for
the
Janizaries
being
assembled
about
five
in
the
afternoon
came
with
their
usual
tumults
to
the
gates
of
the
Seraglio
,
at
whose
approach
Ibrahim
losing
all
courage
fled
to
his
Mother
for
protection
,
begging
her
assistance
who
being
a
bold
and
subtle
Woman
used
all
her
Rhetorick
and
Eloquence
to
perswade
the
Souldiers
not
to
offer
any
violence
to
the
person
of
their
Lord
,
promising
that
he
should
relinquish
the
Government
,
and
retire
himself
with
a
guard
into
the
Lodging
out
of
which
he
was
advanced
to
the
Empire
.
Ibrahim
comforted
a
little
that
his
Life
was
spared
willingly
submitted
himself
a
Prisoner
,
when
in
the
mean
time
the
Souldiers
taking
forth
his
Eldest
Son
Sultan
Mahomet
placed
him
on
the
Throne
,
every
where
proclaiming
him
Emperour
with
loud
Acclamations
of
which
Ibrahim
having
notice
grew
impatient
,
and
often
with
sad
laments
beat
his
head
against
the
Wall
,
till
at
length
to
put
a
stop
to
his
fury
four
Mutes
were
sent
to
strangle
him
,
who
on
the
17th
.
of
August
,
Anno
Dom.
1648.
performed
that
barbarous
exploit
,
so
that
according
to
the
saying
of
King
Charles
the
first
of
Blessed
Memory
.
There
is
but
little
distance
between
the
Prisons
and
Graves
of
Princes
.
Sultan
Ibrahim
being
thus
made
away
Anno
Dom.
1648.
in
the
8th
.
year
of
his
Reign
,
and
39
of
his
Age
,
the
Government
was
committed
into
the
hands
of
the
Grand
Visier
,
and
the
Queen
Mother
called
by
the
Turks
Riosem
,
and
of
12
Bassa's
,
who
were
to
manage
all
affaires
with
supream
power
during
the
Minority
of
Sultan
Mahomet
,
whose
Reign
I
shall
pursue
in
the
following
chapter
.
CHAP.
XXII
.
The
Reign
of
Mehmet
or
Mahomet
the
fourth
of
that
Name
,
and
Thirteenth
Emperor
of
the
Turks
,
who
now
Reigneth
.
IBrahim
deposed
and
murthered
as
in
the
foregoing
Chapter
is
related
,
Mehmet
or
rather
Mahomet
his
Eldest
Son
of
the
Age
of
seven
years
supplyed
the
empty
Throne
,
during
whose
minority
which
was
to
continue
ten
years
longer
,
His
Grand
Mother
,
the
Grand
Visier
and
twelve
Bassa's
took
into
their
hands
the
Reins
of
Government
,
and
after
many
debates
resolved
to
continue
the
War
with
the
Venetians
which
Ibrahim
designed
to
conclude
the
treaty
of
Peace
in
order
thereto
being
far
advanced
and
the
Ambassador
of
that
Signiory
,
then
at
the
Port
impatiently
expecting
an
end
of
his
negotiation
,
but
whilst
these
affairs
were
in
hand
the
unruly
Spahi's
not
having
received
the
Largess
usually
bestowed
amongst
them
at
the
Installment
of
a
new
Emperour
,
making
it
their
pretence
the
better
to
colour
their
discontents
,
that
they
were
resolved
to
revenge
the
death
of
the
murdered
Emperour
whose
fall
the
Janizaries
had
occasioned
,
insomuch
that
a
great
difference
arose
between
those
two
orders
,
the
former
being
the
best
Horsemen
,
and
the
latter
the
best
Footmen
,
and
although
many
laboured
to
appease
that
Tempest
which
threatned
the
dismembering
the
Empire
.
Yet
many
skirmishes
happened
between
these
contrary
Factions
in
the
streets
of
Constantinople
,
in
which
some
hundreds
were
slain
,
but
the
Spahies
being
for
the
most
part
worsted
at
length
abandoned
the
City
.
These
animosities
and
divisions
amongst
the
Turkish
Souldiers
,
gave
the
Venetians
opportunity
to
provide
for
their
defence
,
as
expecting
nothing
less
then
a
War
,
for
that
their
Ambassador
had
been
clapped
up
on
Prison
for
demanding
Audience
,
and
chains
put
upon
him
,
but
at
the
intreaty
of
the
other
Christian
Ambassadors
there
residing
he
was
set
at
Liberty
.
Yet
to
affront
him
the
Grand
Visier
caused
his
Dugerman
or
Interpreter
to
be
executed
,
and
his
body
thrown
out
at
the
Castle
Window
,
which
barbarous
act
is
frequent
amongst
the
Turks
,
either
to
put
a
disgrace
upon
the
Ambassador
,
or
to
terrifie
those
Interpreters
that
they
shall
not
dare
to
speak
any
thing
after
an
Ambassador
though
upon
his
Audience
,
that
should
be
ungrateful
to
the
Grand
Signeour
,
which
causes
them
many
times
to
mince
their
words
and
not
render
a
true
interpretation
.
These
matters
widening
differences
between
the
Venetians
and
the
Turks
,
great
preparations
were
made
on
either
side
,
the
former
with
all
diligence
reinforcing
Candia
,
and
the
latter
to
hinder
it
;
so
that
many
skirmished
happened
by
Land
and
Sea
,
till
at
length
the
Bassa
Governour
notwithstanding
the
Venetian
Fleet
blocked
up
the
Dardaneles
,
having
received
a
recruit
of
1500
men
laid
siege
to
the
strong
City
Candia
,
and
battered
it
with
many
pieces
of
Ordinance
,
till
at
length
having
taken
a
small
Fort
that
flanked
it
,
he
lodged
his
men
therein
just
as
6
Gallies
of
Malta
arrived
with
600
Voluntiers
,
and
60
Knights
of
the
Order
,
who
beat
out
the
Turks
with
great
slaughter
,
yet
they
retook
it
again
and
planted
the
Ottoman
colours
upon
the
highest
Bullwark
which
so
inraged
the
Christians
that
sallying
with
all
their
force
they
drove
the
Turks
from
the
Walls
with
great
slaughter
,
regained
the
piece
,
and
caused
the
Bassa
with
shame
and
loss
to
raise
the
siege
.
The
Wars
growing
hot
in
Candia
,
the
discontents
between
the
Spahi
and
Janizaries
that
was
before
supposed
to
be
appeased
grew
hot
again
,
and
much
slaughter
happened
between
those
inveterate
factions
,
when
to
pacifie
the
latter
the
great
Visier
was
deposed
and
executed
.
Yet
that
little
availed
nor
was
that
all
for
several
of
the
Bassa's
denyed
to
return
the
Tribute
of
their
Provinces
,
alledging
they
would
reserve
it
till
the
Grand
Signeour
was
of
age
,
and
then
be
to
him
accountable
both
for
principal
and
interest
,
nor
were
the
Wars
in
Bosna
,
Dalmatia
,
Foscolo
,
and
other
places
on
the
Venetian
Frontires
neglected
,
but
continued
with
doubtful
success
,
and
great
slaughter
,
yet
part
of
the
Ottoman
Forces
on
that
side
were
diverted
by
the
Cossacks
,
who
at
the
instigation
of
the
Tartar
Han
covered
the
Black
Sea
,
with
their
Boats
and
committed
many
outrages
insomuch
that
Constantinople
trembled
at
their
approach
as
fearing
a
sack
by
the
hands
of
those
resolute
people
,
but
in
the
end
having
gotten
a
rich
booty
they
returned
to
their
station
.
The
Venetians
finding
the
Turks
resolute
bent
to
make
themselves
absolute
Lords
of
Candia
in
which
Island
they
had
got
strong
footing
laboured
as
earnestly
to
expell
them
,
so
that
huge
Fleets
on
either
side
were
prepared
that
of
the
Turks
consisting
of
1100
Ships
,
Gallies
,
Galleasses
,
Saiques
,
Brigantines
and
lesser
Vessels
furnished
with
Bombes
,
Mortar-pieces
,
and
Fireworks
,
producing
strange
effects
,
and
in
that
order
set
forward
from
the
Port
of
Constantinople
,
with
a
strict
command
to
give
Battle
of
which
Mocenigo
the
Venetian
Admiral
having
notice
with
the
same
willingness
bore
up
with
them
,
so
that
there
began
a
bloody
,
and
for
a
long
time
doubtful
Fight
,
but
the
Venetians
being
better
appointed
than
the
Turks
,
broke
and
disordered
their
huge
Armado
,
sinking
and
taking
several
Galleys
,
and
putting
the
rest
to
flight
,
killing
in
one
of
them
flying
,
the
Bassa
of
Anatolia
,
who
was
sent
to
succede
Chusadin
Bassa
,
who
had
been
made
Grand
Visier
in
the
General
Ship
of
Candia
,
yet
the
Turks
having
put
into
the
Islands
,
and
conceiving
it
a
shame
for
so
great
a
Fleet
to
fly
from
one
much
inferiour
in
number
,
resolved
to
hazard
another
Battle
,
and
therefore
coming
out
of
the
several
Harbours
,
and
ranging
in
the
form
of
a
Crescent
,
the
Captain
Bassa
fired
two
Guns
a
Stern
,
in
token
he
was
ready
to
Ingage
,
which
Mocenigo
perceiving
,
bore
up
with
him
,
and
began
a
second
fight
more
dreadful
than
the
former
,
playing
with
his
Canon
so
furiously
,
that
he
broke
off
her
Poop
,
and
killed
100
so
her
Men
,
sinking
two
Galleys
by
her
side
,
and
greatly
disablihng
several
others
;
nor
were
the
Turks
idle
,
but
used
their
utmost
endeavour
to
blot
out
the
disgrace
they
had
sustained
by
their
late
flight
,
but
it
availed
not
;
for
by
the
Thundering
shot
and
Fire-works
,
the
Venetians
plyed
them
with
,
they
were
evey
where
put
to
the
worst
;
so
that
flying
in
all
parts
,
the
Venetian
General
following
the
advantage
,
took
39
Galleys
,
23
Ships
,
3
Galliasses
,
and
3000
Soldiers
,
40
Gallies
,
Ships
,
and
other
Vessels
were
burnt
,
or
sunk
;
and
in
them
,
and
by
the
great
and
small
shot
,
9000
Turks
perished
in
both
Ingagements
,
the
rest
hardly
escaping
to
Naxos
.
This
great
loss
made
the
Turks
out
of
heart
with
marine
Affairs
,
and
so
far
discouraged
them
,
that
ever
since
they
have
layd
aside
building
Vessels
of
Force
as
useless
,
say
that
God
hath
given
the
Sea
to
Christians
,
and
the
Land
to
Turks
.
About
this
time
came
news
to
Constantinople
that
the
people
of
Grand
Cario
and
Damascus
taking
the
advantage
of
the
intestine
broyles
,
had
rebelled
,
and
shaken
off
the
Turkish
yoke
;
and
assembling
to
the
number
of
forty
thousand
,
had
seized
upon
several
strong
places
,
many
of
the
Ottoman
Governours
in
those
parts
,
conniving
at
their
proceedings
,
which
greatly
perplexed
the
Bassas
of
the
Divan
,
and
obliged
them
to
use
their
utmost
Council
to
contrive
a
way
to
extinguish
this
Combustion
,
during
which
,
the
Ca●di●ts
had
rest
,
and
Fortified
their
City
in
such
a
manner
,
that
it
became
afterwards
the
wonder
of
the
World
,
of
which
the
Grand
Vizier
having
notice
,
and
fuming
that
his
neglect
had
turned
so
much
to
the
advantage
of
the
Christians
,
he
resolved
to
try
if
he
could
gain
it
by
fair
means
,
and
in
order
thereto
sent
a
Letter
written
in
Letters
of
Gold
to
the
Venetian
Senate
,
requiring
them
to
deliver
Candia
up
to
the
behoof
of
the
Grand
Seignior
,
which
was
the
only
obstacle
that
hindered
the
conclusion
of
Peace
,
desiring
that
an
Ambassador
might
be
sent
to
treat
about
it
;
but
the
Venetians
remembring
that
the
Turks
never
made
any
peace
,
but
when
necessity
drove
them
to
it
,
nor
kept
it
longer
than
they
found
it
advantagious
,
and
withal
called
to
mind
how
evilly
they
had
intreated
their
Ambassador
,
generously
refused
to
hearken
to
any
Peace
upon
those
terms
commanding
their
Admiral
with
his
Fleet
to
block
up
the
Dardanellis
,
which
he
so
strictly
observed
,
that
for
want
of
succour
the
Turks
in
the
Island
of
Candia
were
greatly
distressed
,
and
began
to
mutiny
,
being
hardly
with
great
rewards
retained
in
due
obedience
,
upon
which
,
the
Divan
sent
strict
orders
with
many
Menaces
upon
refusal
to
the
Captain
Bassa
then
in
the
Bay
of
Rhodes
to
force
his
way
through
the
Venetian
Fleet
,
and
put
men
and
Provision
on
shoar
at
Candia
,
thereby
to
cease
the
loud
complaints
of
the
Souldiers
,
yet
could
not
be
induced
thereto
,
but
having
plundered
certain
Islands
he
returned
to
Constantinople
with
the
Gallies
,
in
hopes
with
his
ill
gotten
booty
to
appease
the
Divan
,
b●t
contrary
wise
he
was
seized
on
and
the
goods
seald
up
with
the
Grand
Siegniours
Signet
,
which
none
may
on
pain
of
death
unloose
without
command
,
yet
such
was
the
presumption
of
his
Sons
that
they
broke
it
open
,
and
putting
the
richest
of
the
spoil
,
into
a
Galley
,
fled
to
distant
Lands
,
thereby
exposing
their
fathers
life
to
the
fury
of
this
enemies
,
who
having
dispatched
him
constituted
the
Bassa
of
Buda
Captain
General
in
his
stead
,
using
all
diligence
to
rig
out
a
new
Navy
,
which
once
done
,
the
new
Captain
desirous
to
perform
some
exploit
that
might
render
him
worthy
of
his
place
,
taking
his
advantage
,
broke
through
the
Venetian
Fleet
,
but
therein
sustained
such
dammage
that
he
had
little
cause
to
boast
,
for
the
Venetians
following
him
even
to
the
harbours
mouth
,
plyed
him
so
with
thundering
shot
,
that
seventeen
of
his
Gallies
were
sunk
and
taken
,
and
four
thousand
of
his
men
killed
,
yet
he
put
twelve
thousand
men
on
shoar
,
and
what
provision
he
could
spare
,
receiving
order
to
return
when
he
had
repaired
his
dammage
,
though
at
the
hazard
of
battle
,
the
which
he
did
,
though
with
more
loss
then
went
,
for
that
the
Venetians
having
notice
of
what
was
intended
,
stood
continually
on
their
guard
,
nevertheless
he
so
extolled
his
own
exploits
and
demeaned
the
Courage
of
the
Turkish
Bassa
,
then
General
of
the
Forces
in
Candia
,
that
he
wrought
the
destruction
of
the
latter
,
for
none
being
present
to
plead
his
Cause
,
and
Officer
was
instantly
sent
to
fetch
his
head
,
whose
place
the
foul
detracter
afterwards
injoyed
,
as
likewise
that
of
Great
Visier
,
which
he
soon
after
resigned
to
the
Bassa
of
Aleppo
,
a
stirring
active
man
,
who
after
he
had
placed
and
displaced
such
Officers
of
the
Court
as
he
thought
convenient
,
sent
to
all
the
Maritim
Ports
,
Commanding
those
that
were
appointed
to
over-see
them
,
with
Expedition
to
hasten
thence
such
Ships
and
Gallies
as
were
sit
for
Service
,
determining
to
set
forth
a
Fleet
greater
then
what
had
for
many
Years
before
been
seen
in
the
L●vant
,
which
was
accordingly
done
,
but
fared
no
better
then
those
that
had
been
formerly
Equiped
;
For
Mustapha
the
New
Captain
Bassa
joyning
Battle
with
the
Venetians
was
overthrown
,
and
most
of
his
chief
Gallies
and
Ships
of
War
so
rent
by
the
Cannon
,
that
for
the
future
they
were
rendered
unserviceable
,
and
many
fell
into
the
hands
of
the
Venetians
,
the
terror
of
whose
Prowess
was
such
,
that
those
Turks
that
could
,
abandoned
their
Ship
and
fled
to
the
shoar
,
leaving
their
Ships
to
the
Christians
,
in
which
conflict
the
Venetians
lost
only
one
Vessel
,
which
over-powered
by
a
number
of
the
Turks
Gallies
,
was
fired
by
her
own
men
.
These
unfortunate
Losses
much
discouraged
the
Turkish
Merchants
,
and
Inhabitants
of
Constantinople
,
whose
Trade
was
not
only
obstructed
by
reason
of
the
Seas
being
shut
up
,
but
they
were
likewise
oppressed
with
heavy
Taxes
for
the
maintenance
of
the
War
,
which
made
them
so
desirous
of
Peace
,
that
mutining
in
great
Number
,
they
ran
to
the
Gates
of
the
Pallace
,
Exclaiming
against
the
Ministers
of
State
for
protracting
the
War
,
and
hindering
the
procurement
of
a
Peace
,
nor
would
be
appeased
till
the
Grand
Vizier
was
made
a
Sacrifice
to
their
Revenge
,
the
Muphti
hardly
escaping
with
Life
.
For
the
better
quieting
these
Tumults
,
the
Bassas
of
the
Divan
were
obliged
to
enter
into
a
further
treaty
with
the
Venetians
,
offering
for
Ten
Millions
to
withdraw
their
Forces
out
of
the
Island
of
Candia
,
and
grant
them
an
intire
peace
,
but
this
unreasonable
demand
was
not
accepted
,
the
Senate
knowing
that
the
City
of
Candia
was
so
well
Fortified
that
the
Turks
despaired
of
winning
it
,
and
thereupon
that
they
might
seem
the
less
to
regard
the
Ottoman
power
,
they
revoaked
their
Ambassador
Seignior
Capello
,
but
he
through
Melancholy
and
discontent
occasioned
by
his
hard
usage
at
the
Port
,
soon
after
dyed
,
leaving
his
Commission
with
his
Secretary
,
but
that
Expiring
,
nothing
more
was
done
at
that
time
,
in
relation
to
peace
,
which
caused
another
Insurrection
in
the
City
,
which
had
like
to
have
turned
all
into
ruine
and
desolation
,
for
the
Spahi's
and
Janizaries
joyning
together
,
and
pretending
to
reform
abuses
of
State
,
deposed
the
Grand
Vizier
,
discharged
the
Principal
Officers
of
the
Court
,
and
obliged
the
Muphti
to
fly
for
his
Life
to
Jerusalem
,
nor
scarcely
did
the
Queen-Mother
remain
secure
in
the
old
Seraglio
,
and
to
so
great
a
height
their
Rebellion
proceeded
,
that
they
proposed
the
deposing
the
Grand
Seignior
,
and
having
thus
cast
off
all
duty
and
respect
to
their
Prince
,
they
entered
the
Pallace
in
a
tumultuous
manner
,
where
forcing
the
Guards
,
they
broke
up
the
Treasury
,
and
conveyed
thence
Two
Millions
of
Sultanies
.
Nor
in
this
General
combustion
which
continued
many
days
,
did
the
Shops
and
Ware-houses
of
the
Merchants
escape
pillaging
,
none
daring
oppose
the
fury
of
the
Licentious
Souldiery
,
who
had
advanced
a
base
fellow
of
their
Faction
to
the
Grand
Vizier-ship
,
though
afterward
the
storm
alayed
,
he
was
decently
layed
aside
,
and
one
Kuperlee
a
Grave
Turk
placed
in
his
stead
,
who
caused
several
of
the
Mutiniers
to
be
Apprehended
,
and
publiquely
Executed
.
Notwithstanding
these
troubles
,
the
Turks
desisted
not
to
carry
on
the
War
against
the
Venetian
,
so
resolutely
were
they
bent
to
have
Candia
;
In
their
possession
therefore
Equiping
another
Great
Fleet
,
they
put
to
Sea
in
order
to
relieve
their
men
in
the
Island
,
but
being
again
fought
with
by
Mo●errigo
the
Venetian
Admiral
,
all
the
Fleet
was
either
taken
,
sunk
or
stranded
,
upon
which
the
Venetians
landed
on
the
Island
of
Tenedos
,
and
in
four
dayes
became
Masters
of
it
,
as
also
they
did
of
Stalimene
antiently
called
Lemnos
,
which
losses
so
incensed
the
Grand
Seignor
(
by
this
time
grown
to
understanding
,
that
he
resolved
to
carry
the
War
into
Dalmatia
part
of
the
Venetians
Seignory
,
but
upon
second
thoughts
resolved
the
recovery
of
the
Islands
,
and
in
order
thereto
put
another
Fleet
to
Sea
,
who
after
a
great
dammage
sustained
by
the
Venetian
shot
,
thrust
their
men
on
shoar
in
great
numbers
,
and
by
that
means
the
evil
Fortified
Islands
so
lately
taken
by
the
Venetians
,
were
by
the
Turks
recovered
,
in
attempting
the
relief
of
which
,
Mocenigo
the
Venetian
Admiral
had
his
Ship
blown
up
by
his
powder
,
accidentally
taking
fire
,
by
which
Accident
himself
,
together
with
all
that
were
on
board
perished
.
These
important
places
regained
,
the
treaty
of
peace
was
offered
to
be
renewed
,
and
some
overtures
were
made
by
the
Venetians
,
but
now
the
Turks
would
hearken
to
nothing
unless
Candia
might
be
intirely
put
into
their
hands
,
with
the
Fortress
of
Clissia
in
Dalmatia
,
and
payment
made
of
three
Millions
of
Gold
,
for
the
Dammages
sustained
by
the
War
,
which
unreasonable
proposals
,
so
perjudicial
to
the
honour
of
their
Seignoury
,
the
Senators
Generously
rejected
,
rather
resolving
to
maintain
the
War
,
and
defend
themselves
more
vigorously
then
ever
,
which
intention
known
,
the
Grand
Seigniour
gave
second
orders
for
his
Army
to
spoil
Dalmatia
,
but
in
their
March
the
Grand
Vizier
who
headed
them
,
having
caused
the
Bassa
of
Aleppos
brother
,
who
had
a
command
in
the
Army
to
be
put
to
death
for
coming
later
to
the
Randesvous
than
was
appointed
,
which
so
●nraged
the
Bassa
,
that
raising
40000
men
,
he
advanced
even
to
the
Walls
of
Constantinople
,
burning
up
the
Country
before
him
,
and
there
pitching
his
Tents
,
sent
to
demand
the
head
of
the
great
Vizier
,
in
reprisal
for
that
of
his
Murthered
brothers
,
but
not
finding
his
expectations
answered
,
he
sent
a
second
Messenger
to
demand
the
heads
of
4
other
Bassas
of
the
Council
,
whom
he
said
had
been
consenting
thereto
,
and
upon
refusals
threatened
the
destruction
of
the
City
,
but
the
Plague
raging
there
at
that
time
,
after
he
had
burnt
up
all
the
Country
about
it
,
he
retired
into
Asia
,
and
there
seting
up
a
Youth
of
Twenty
Years
of
Age
,
whom
he
gave
out
to
be
the
Lawful
Son
of
Sultan
Morat
,
till
that
time
hidden
by
his
Mother
from
his
Uncles
fury
;
His
Army
was
wonderfully
increased
,
insomuch
that
he
would
hearken
to
no
Proposals
of
an
accommodation
,
though
the
Government
of
divers
Provinces
were
offered
,
but
Exhibited
a
Proclamation
,
wherein
he
declared
Mahomet
the
unrightful
Heir
to
the
Ottoman
Empire
,
upon
which
he
was
pronounced
a
Rebel
,
and
all
men
commanded
to
rise
up
against
him
,
and
destroy
him
,
but
instead
thereof
most
of
the
Asian
Forces
revolted
to
him
,
which
made
the
Divan
suppose
it
high
time
to
give
a
check
to
the
Progress
of
his
Armes
,
and
thereupon
shipped
over
the
Great
Vizier
with
a
puissant
Army
,
composed
of
the
Flower
of
the
Ottoman
Chavalarie
in
Europe
,
who
joyning
with
the
Bassa
,
was
in
a
great
and
mortal
battle
overthrown
:
and
with
his
broken
Forces
obliged
to
retire
,
which
made
the
Grand
Seigniour
with
such
Forces
as
he
could
raise
,
pass
the
Bosphorus
,
and
joyning
with
the
Viziers
rallied
Souldiers
Composed
an
Army
of
Thirty
Thousand
Horse
,
and
Seventy
Thousand
Foot
,
with
which
he
Marched
against
the
Bassa
,
whose
heart
at
the
approach
of
so
great
a
power
began
to
fail
him
,
and
make
him
more
plyable
to
hearken
to
Terms
of
Agreement
,
which
he
proposing
to
his
Council
of
War
,
and
they
approving
his
Resolution
,
a
place
was
Assigned
for
Treaty
,
and
Mortaza
Bassa
made
the
Grand
Seigniours
Plenipotentiary
,
the
Grand
Seigniour
promising
to
stand
to
what
ever
he
should
Act
,
as
indeed
he
did
,
for
the
Bassa
under
pretence
of
a
Treaty
,
being
unadvised
,
drawn
from
his
Army
,
was
together
with
Seventeen
of
his
Attendants
strangled
by
the
said
Mortaza
,
and
such
as
he
had
layed
in
ambush
for
that
purpose
,
upon
notice
of
which
his
Army
that
then
consisted
of
Eighty
Thousand
Horse
and
Foot
dispersed
,
every
Man
shifting
for
himself
.
For
this
Exploit
Mortaza
was
greatly
applauded
by
the
Grand
Seigniour
and
Grand
Vizier
,
and
had
a
considerable
command
conferred
on
him
in
the
War
,
against
Rogotski
the
Transilvanian
Prince
,
whose
Country
about
this
time
the
Tartars
had
entered
,
at
the
instance
of
the
Sultan
with
a
great
power
,
yet
was
not
the
Asia
Rebellion
thus
extinguished
,
for
a
Nephew
of
the
dead
Bassas
raising
great
Forces
in
the
Territories
of
Aleppo
,
advanced
with
a
Resolution
to
revenge
his
Uncles
death
,
to
whom
joyned
the
two
sons
of
Chusaein
Bassa
,
whom
the
Great
Vizier
had
caused
to
be
put
to
death
,
as
also
the
Bey
of
Torgne
,
and
many
others
,
which
rendred
this
Army
as
formidable
as
the
precedent
,
gave
new
subject
of
fear
at
Constantinople
,
but
the
great
Visier
so
managed
the
matter
by
sowing
dissension
among
the
chiefs
,
and
bestowing
large
sums
of
Money
on
the
Soldiers
that
the
Army
dayly
diminished
,
till
at
length
it
came
to
nothing
;
leaving
many
of
the
Commanders
to
the
mercy
of
the
Visier
,
who
never
spared
any
man
that
was
guilty
of
a
crime
,
or
suspected
to
be
so
.
Asia
being
again
reduced
to
Obedience
,
the
Grand
Seignior
had
leisure
to
think
of
his
Wars
with
the
Venetians
,
and
therefore
gave
strict
command
for
part
of
his
Army
to
march
into
Daimatia
,
and
the
other
part
to
be
imbarqued
for
Candia
;
he
resolving
to
besiege
the
Me●ropolitan
City
of
that
Name
;
nor
were
the
Venetians
slack
for
having
received
a
reinforcement
of
Four
Thousand
French
Foot
,
and
divers
other
Aids
sent
them
by
the
Christian
Princes
,
their
Confederates
;
They
took
the
Forts
of
Calamo
,
Calegro
,
and
Epicarno
,
hardly
distressing
the
Bassa
of
Canea
in
the
principal
City
of
his
Province
;
insomuch
that
he
was
obliged
to
write
to
Constantinople
for
speedy
succour
,
le●t
that
City
should
be
lost
;
for
the
Venetians
dayly
battered
it
,
and
pressed
it
hard
with
continual
Assaults
;
but
a
supply
of
Three
Thousand
fresh
men
being
by
Night
thrust
into
it
,
the
Venetians
raised
the
siege
,
and
marched
to
New
Candia
,
(
built
near
to
Old
Canoia
)
in
hopes
to
beat
the
Turks
out
of
it
,
but
prevailed
not
according
to
their
expectation
.
About
this
time
,
the
Visier
with
a
Great
Army
arrived
at
Belgrade
,
but
there
falling
sick
,
he
returned
to
Adrinople
,
to
recover
his
Health
;
swearing
,
that
if
he
found
Death
approach
,
he
would
ca●●e
all
his
Physitians
to
be
put
to
〈◊〉
which
〈◊〉
servation
rendred
them
double-diligent
.
These
were
the
principal
revolutions
in
the
Ottoman
Empire
from
the
time
Mahomet
ascended
the
Throne
,
till
the
year
1●60
.
Anno
Dom.
1661.
About
the
beginning
of
this
year
,
His
Majesty
of
Great
Britain
sent
the
Earl
of
Winchelsea
,
his
Embassador
,
to
Constantinople
;
who
upon
his
arrival
at
the
Port
,
was
received
,
as
became
his
Character
,
with
all
the
Grandeur
that
the
Turks
allow
to
any
Embassador
;
and
after
his
Audience
,
conveyed
with
due
Ceremony
to
the
prepared
for
his
reception
;
and
now
the
Turks
being
at
leisure
,
invaded
Transylvania
,
in
order
to
depose
Prince
Rogotski
,
who
after
having
deposed
himself
and
made
his
submission
,
in
hopes
to
be
restored
,
but
finding
his
hopes
frustrated
,
and
another
advanced
in
his
stead
:
Again
he
assumed
his
Government
,
and
raising
a
powerful
Army
,
made
divers
Inroads
into
the
Turkish
Dominions
,
till
at
last
joyning
Battle
with
the
Bassas
of
Buda
and
Temeswar
near
Julia
A●ba
;
where
being
overthrown
and
wounded
,
he
fled
to
Varadia
,
and
there
within
Fifteen
days
,
dyed
of
the
Hurts
received
in
Battle
,
yet
was
it
no
ways
satisfactory
to
the
proud
Bassas
,
unless
they
might
reduce
that
City
,
which
as
they
alledged
,
had
taken
part
with
their
Masters
Rebels
;
whereupon
drawing
down
their
Army
,
they
layed
close
siege
,
which
so
terrified
the
Citizens
,
that
they
sent
their
Deputies
to
the
Caesarean
Emperor
,
to
require
aid
,
desiring
him
to
take
them
into
his
protection
;
but
whilst
the
Imperialists
delayed
,
and
made
many
scruples
of
breaking
the
League
with
the
Turks
after
many
furious
Assaults
,
and
great
Slaughter
on
either
side
the
City
was
surrendered
.
In
consideration
that
the
Garrison
should
march
out
with
Drums
beating
,
Colour
flying
,
&c.
and
to
go
whither
they
pleased
,
which
conditions
being
performed
,
the
Turks
took
possession
of
that
strong
Frontire
City
.
Varadin
thus
taken
,
the
Citizens
of
Vienna
were
not
a
little
alarmed
thereat
,
though
none
used
any
endeavours
either
to
relieve
it
when
besieged
,
or
to
recover
it
when
taken
;
nor
in
the
least
to
annoy
the
Turks
,
unless
Count
John
Serini
,
a
Prince
,
who
had
a
fair
Soveraign
Inheritance
in
those
parts
,
&
was
under
the
Emperour
made
Governour
,
of
Croatia
,
who
raising
a
power
laid
siege
to
the
strong
City
of
Canisia
,
which
at
that
time
was
almost
destroyed
by
an
accidental
Fire
;
but
upon
notice
thereof
,
the
Emperour
not
only
denyed
to
assist
him
in
his
enterprize
,
but
sent
an
express
Command
to
him
to
raise
his
siege
;
at
which
in
a
rage
he
cast
his
Scimiter
on
the
Ground
,
and
for
a
while
stood
mute
,
yet
not
thinking
it
convenient
to
disobey
his
Soveraigns
Commands
,
though
he
might
easily
have
taken
the
City
,
he
raised
his
siege
.
The
Transylvanian
blocked
up
as
it
were
on
every
side
by
the
Turks
,
about
this
time
implored
a
second
time
the
Emperors
Assistance
,
resolving
to
shake
off
the
Turkish
yoak
;
and
in
order
thereunto
,
they
banished
Acatius
Barklay
,
who
since
the
Death
of
Ragotski
had
governed
in
chief
,
greatly
favouring
the
Turks
,
and
in
his
stead
constituted
one
Kemenus
,
sometimes
General
of
Ragotski's
Army
;
which
plainly
manifesting
their
hatred
to
the
Turks
the
German
or
Caesarean
Emperor
resolved
to
assist
them
;
they
consenting
to
admit
Garrisons
of
German
Souldiers
into
divers
of
their
Cities
,
using
them
with
all
respect
,
and
plentifully
providing
them
with
all
convenient
necessaries
.
Yet
the
Germans
made
small
shew
of
taking
the
Field
to
assist
or
protect
the
Transylvanians
;
but
on
the
contrary
wrote
to
the
Bassa
of
Buda
,
to
certifi●
him
that
the
peace
should
be
kept
inviolable
;
ye●
the
Turk
not
contented
,
entered
Hungary
,
and
laye●
waste
a
great
part
of
it
that
was
subject
to
the
Emperor
;
whereupon
Count
Serini
built
a
Fortress
i●
the
Turks
Dominions
,
near
Canisia
,
e're
the
Turks
were
aware
,
at
which
the
Grand
Visier
was
so
inraged
,
that
he
sent
an
express
to
strangle
the
Bass●
of
Buda
,
for
permitting
it
;
so
that
the
League
being
apparently
broken
,
or
infringed
on
either
sid●
the
German
Army
,
under
the
Command
of
Coun●
Montecuculi
,
and
joyned
with
the
Transylvanians
under
the
Leading
of
Kemenius
,
their
General
;
whic●
Conjunction
rendered
them
so
formidable
to
the
Ottoman
Empire
,
that
Ali
Bassa
durst
not
oppose
their
progress
,
till
he
had
divided
the
Transylvanians
amongst
themselves
,
by
advancing
one
Apafi
to
th●
principality
,
who
being
well
beloved
,
caused
by
sundry
means
the
Army
of
Kemenus
for
the
most
part
t●
revolt
;
of
which
the
crafty
Bassa
taking
the
advantage
,
set
upon
him
,
and
in
a
bloody
Battle
over
threw
his
people
with
great
slaughter
,
obliging
him
for
his
safety
to
fly
into
Hungary
,
from
whence
returning
after
he
had
recruited
his
broken
Army
,
onc●
more
to
try
the
fortune
of
a
Field
;
he
was
in
a
second
Battle
put
to
the
rout
;
and
as
he
retired
beaten
from
off
his
Horse
by
one
of
his
own
Souldiers
where
none
relieving
him
,
he
was
trodden
to
Death
under
the
Horses
Feet
,
and
left
the
greatest
part
o●
his
people
a
sacrifice
to
the
inraged
Turks
.
Kemenius
thus
dead
.
Apafi's
Party
was
greatly
in
couraged
,
insomuch
that
joyning
with
a
Body
o●
Turks
,
they
besieged
Claudiopolis
,
of
which
David
R●tani
,
a
right
Valiant
Souldier
was
Governour
,
having
under
his
Command
a
Garrison
of
German
Horse
and
Foot
;
yet
the
Turks
and
Transylvanians
battered
〈◊〉
for
a
while
,
but
upon
the
arrival
of
General
Schenidan
,
who
in
spight
of
them
put
a
reinforcement
into
the
Town
,
and
made
great
slaughter
of
their
out-guards
.
About
this
time
the
Plague
raged
in
Constantinople
,
in
the
Camp
at
such
a
rate
,
that
Fifty
Thousand
persons
of
all
Ages
and
Sexes
dyed
,
which
leaving
the
City
almost
desolate
,
the
Grand
Signior
retired
to
Adrinople
,
and
there
made
his
solemn
entrance
;
which
place
so
delighted
him
,
that
he
had
since
for
the
most
part
resided
there
,
where
Rupe●ee
the
Old
Visier
so
dealt
with
him
,
that
he
procured
a
promise
that
his
Son
Ahmet
whom
he
had
made
Chineacam
of
Constantinople
,
should
be
assisting
to
him
in
his
Visier-ship
,
and
after
his
Death
succeed
him
in
that
place
of
trust
,
the
which
though
contrary
to
the
Ottoman
Custom
,
who
hold
it
dangerous
to
,
that
any
Office
should
go
by
Inheritance
;
accordingly
came
to
pass
,
to
the
great
grief
of
the
Court
Bassas
,
who
are
ever
emulous
of
that
place
,
&c.
For
old
Kuperle
(
after
he
had
been
five
years
Visier
,
and
in
that
time
had
caused
Thirty
Thousand
Persons
to
fall
by
the
hands
of
divers
Executioners
,
being
the
bloodiest
that
ever
officiated
that
place
)
dying
,
his
Son
Ahmet
had
the
Grand
Signiors
Patent
,
and
the
Seal
of
the
Empire
delivered
to
him
,
taking
upon
him
the
Office
of
Great
Visier
at
the
Age
of
Thirty
two
years
,
a
thing
not
usual
,
and
not
to
be
behind
hand
with
his
Father
,
established
himself
upon
the
destruction
of
such
as
he
suspected
to
envy
at
his
advancement
;
amongst
whom
,
the
Bassa
of
Magnesia
fell
a
Sacrifice
;
he
likewise
procured
the
Banishment
of
Solyman
,
Bassa
of
Damascus
,
and
that
of
the
Muphti
,
and
indeed
caused
to
be
made
away
,
or
displaced
all
that
he
suspected
averse
to
his
interest
.
During
the
transaction
of
these
miscalled
state-policies
:
the
Venetians
had
rendered
themselves
formidable
at
Sea
,
by
taking
and
destroying
many
of
the
Turks
Galleys
,
few
escaping
them
in
the
Archipelago
,
which
greatly
discouraged
the
Turks
in
Canaea
,
and
put
them
out
of
all
hopes
of
procuring
an●
entire
possession
of
the
Island
of
Candia
.
Anno
Dom.
1662.
About
the
beginning
of
this
year
,
the
Government
of
Argiers
sent
Deputies
with
presents
to
the
Ottoman
Court
,
to
exhibit
a
complaint
against
the
English
;
for
that
the
Earl
of
Sandwich
,
with
a
Squadron
of
his
Majesties
Frigates
,
had
destroyed
several
of
their
Ships
,
and
beaten
down
,
or
dismantled
their
Castles
;
but
the
cause
being
rightly
stated
by
the
Earl
of
Winchelsea
,
they
were
so
far
from
prejudicing
the
English
by
their
complaint
,
that
they
were
fain
to
sneak
away
for
the
preservation
of
their
own
heads
.
The
Plague
being
now
abated
at
Constantinople
,
the
Grand
Signior
returned
thither
,
and
gave
himself
wholly
to
hunting
,
which
above
all
other
exercises
he
admired
,
having
in
the
Chase
of
Wild
Beasts
many
times
Twenty
Thousand
Men
attending
him
,
who
forelayed
the
Woods
and
Forrests
to
procure
his
Game
●
but
whilst
he
thus
gave
himself
up
to
Recreation
the
Visier
was
as
studious
to
remove
all
those
that
might
Eclipse
his
Greatness
,
or
any
ways
indanger
him
;
so
that
in
despight
to
the
Queen-Mother
whom
he
knew
was
no
savourer
of
his
proceedings
he
displaced
the
Teftarder
,
or
Chief
Treasurer
,
and
banished
him
the
City
;
which
so
far
incensed
he●
that
●he
joyning
with
Ruzlir
Aga
,
chief
Eunuch
●●
the
Women
,
procured
the
removal
of
his
Chief
Favourite
or
Counsellor
;
by
whose
advice
he
was
only
supported
in
the
management
of
his
Affairs
,
and
greatly
inveighed
against
the
Visier
,
exhibiting
many
complaints
against
him
to
the
Grand
Signior
,
and
pressed
them
to
that
point
,
that
the
Grand
Signior
began
to
have
him
in
suspicion
,
and
to
make
him
more
narrowly
,
which
he
perceiving
,
and
knowing
from
what
Fountain
it
sprung
,
endeavoured
to
reconcile
himself
to
the
Queen-Mother
,
but
in
vain
;
for
her
Spirit
would
not
permit
her
to
make
any
Accommodation
;
wherefore
he
fearing
one
day
to
fall
by
her
means
,
was
about
to
resign
his
Visiership
;
but
upon
second
thoughts
,
concluded
it
safer
to
face
the
Tempest
,
come
what
would
come
,
and
fall
with
Honour
,
rather
than
tamely
expose
himself
to
the
mercy
of
his
Enemies
;
wherefore
he
began
a
new
to
practice
the
Death
of
such
as
stood
in
opposition
to
his
greatness
;
and
especially
of
Mortaza
,
Bassa
of
Babylon
,
whom
he
obliged
to
relinquish
his
trust
,
but
could
not
get
him
within
his
power
:
for
having
married
one
of
the
Daughters
of
the
Prince
of
Gordean
,
he
retired
to
his
Countrey
in
the
Mountain
of
Amanus
,
where
he
had
a
strong
City
assigned
him
,
and
there
kept
out
of
the
Visiers
reach
,
refusing
all
the
feigned
proffers
of
kindness
which
were
made
to
decoy
him
into
danger
;
but
such
was
the
restless
indeavour
of
the
Grand
Visier
,
that
he
desisted
not
,
till
he
was
put
into
his
hands
,
who
immediately
caused
his
Head
to
be
stricken
off
,
and
sent
to
Constantinople
,
which
was
looked
upon
by
many
as
a
just
Judgment
of
God
,
for
his
treacherously
murthering
the
Bassa
of
Aleppo
,
contrary
to
the
Faith
given
for
his
security
.
These
things
happening
,
the
Turks
after
breath
taken
,
purposed
to
turn
their
Arms
upon
the
Germans
,
but
after
many
Consultations
the
matter
was
deferred
to
a
fitter
opportunity
,
by
reason
the
Affairs
of
Transylvania
were
not
to
the
mind
of
the
Grand
Signior
,
though
the
progress
of
his
Arms
had
put
all
that
Principality
into
a
fear
of
utter
subversion
,
having
seized
most
of
the
strong
places
nor
durst
Apafi
:
Prince
only
in
name
,
interpose
his
Authority
,
or
so
much
as
intercede
for
the
preservation
of
his
bleeding
Countrey
;
yet
the
German
Commanders
seeing
all
on
the
point
of
ruine
,
resolved
to
lay
hold
of
the
opportunity
,
and
secure
s●●●
places
as
were
most
commodious
to
the
Empire
when
pushed
forward
by
the
renowned
Captain●
Count
Serini
,
they
seized
on
Claudiopolis
,
Somosw●●
Sc●hil●●d
,
Clewa●
,
alias
Coleswar
,
and
Betlem
,
with
some
other
Towns
and
Fortresses
of
lesser
note
.
The
outrages
committed
by
the
Turks
in
this
Province
were
so
great
,
that
the
oppressed
Nobility
were
obliged
to
send
their
humble
Petitions
to
divers
Christian
Princes
,
to
take
pity
of
their
sufferings
,
and
deliver
them
out
of
the
hands
of
their
barbarous
Enemies
,
and
to
the
minister
of
the
Christian
Princes
,
residing
at
the
Port
to
intercede
with
the
like
supplication
,
to
intercede
for
them
to
the
Grand
Signior
,
or
Grand
Visier
,
but
all
proved
ineffectual
,
for
the
Turks
had
resolved
a
total
subjection
of
that
Principality
,
and
to
reduce
it
under
the
obedience
of
a
Bassa
.
Affairs
standing
thus
in
Transylvania
,
the
Wa●
with
the
Venetians
went
on
slowly
;
for
the
Venetian
being
Masters
at
Sea
,
intercepted
all
such
Vessel●
and
Ammunition
as
were
sent
to
any
of
the
Islands
and
amongst
the
rest
,
the
Fleet
bound
for
Alexandri●
in
Egypt
,
consisting
of
Sixty
Sail
,
most
of
which
we●●
taken
,
sunk
,
and
burnt
;
a
number
of
Slaves
rescued
,
and
prize
made
of
a
rich
booty
:
Soon
after
which
,
Signior
Capello
,
through
grief
and
hardship
indured
in
his
Imprisonment
,
dyed
;
whose
Bod●
imbalmed
was
with
much
difficulty
sent
to
Venice
,
by
the
Earl
of
Winchelsea
,
His
Majestie
of
Great
Brittains
Embassador
,
and
there
honourably
Interrest
with
his
Ances●●●s
.
The
〈…〉
being
informed
that
the
Christians
had
rebuilt
several
Churches
,
consumed
by
the
Fires
that
had
happened
in
Constantinople
,
and
Gala●ia
,
by
some
malicious
Pharisees
,
caused
them
to
be
demolished
,
and
that
the
Authors
of
those
Buildings
should
be
Imprisoned
;
for
as
much
as
the
Mahome●an
Law
tolerates
the
rebuilding
of
no
Christian
Churches
,
nor
Erecting
new
ones
where
none
stood
before
;
but
allows
those
to
stand
,
that
were
found
standing
,
when
the
Mahometans
took
possession
of
the
City
,
Town
,
or
Village
wherein
they
are
scituate
;
and
so
far
proceeded
he
therein
,
that
procuring
the
Labourers
of
the
Maimarbashed
,
or
Master-Builder
,
to
accuse
him
of
incouraging
the
building
of
those
Churches
;
which
done
,
he
caused
his
Head
to
be
stricken
off
,
and
his
Wealth
to
be
seized
,
which
according
to
report
,
amounted
to
Two
Thousand
Purses
of
Money
,
every
Purse
containing
Five
Hundred
Dollars
.
About
this
time
,
The
Sieur
De
la
Haye
,
the
French
Embassador
having
received
divers
affronts
at
the
Port
,
was
imprisoned
,
which
had
like
utterly
to
have
dissolved
the
Communication
between
the
two
Nations
;
but
at
the
intreaty
of
the
Merchants
of
Marseles
and
Lions
,
whose
interest
would
greatly
have
suffered
,
if
by
that
means
their
Trading
into
the
Grand
Signiors
Dominions
had
been
obstructed
,
the
French
King
was
prevailed
with
to
send
another
Embassador
with
Letters
to
the
Grand
Signior
,
and
Grand
Visier
,
to
require
in
some
manner
a
reparation
of
the
dishonour
he
sustained
in
the
person
of
his
Embassador
,
greatly
dissembling
his
resentments
,
but
in
the
end
was
obliged
to
rest
satisfied
with
a
Complement
or
two
,
instead
of
other
reparation
,
and
himself
to
make
his
own
Ambassador
amends
the
better
to
blind
the
Eyes
of
the
Christian
Ministers
residing
at
the
Port
,
and
salve
up
the
wounds
his
honour
received
by
the
disgrace
.
The
Emperor
of
Germany
resolving
on
a
War
with
the
Turks
after
great
preparation
was
obstructed
,
and
obliged
to
come
to
a
dishonourable
treaty
by
reason
of
an
accident
that
happened
at
Rome
occasioning
a
wide
breach
between
the
Pope
and
the
French
King
to
the
indangering
of
Christendom
,
which
was
thus
,
the
French
Ambassadors
Coach
passing
the
streets
of
Rome
,
was
assaulted
by
the
Corsi
Natives
of
the
Island
of
Corsica
,
which
are
retained
as
the
Popes
guard
,
the
page
killed
in
the
boot
,
and
the
Ambassadors
Lady
wounded
,
but
upon
what
instigation
remains
doubtful
,
yet
the
King
took
it
so
heinously
that
he
resolved
to
War
upon
the
Popes
Territories
in
Italy
,
which
discord
did
not
a
little
rejoyce
the
Turks
,
who
imputed
it
the
merit
of
●●eir
Prayers
as
indeed
they
do
all
other
divisions
amongst
the
Christians
.
The
Treaty
of
Peace
by
reason
of
the
divisions
aforesaid
having
continued
between
the
two
Empires
,
without
coming
to
any
result
,
about
the
beginning
of
the
year
1663
great
forces
were
levyed
on
either
side
,
and
all
hopes
of
peace
vanished
,
insomuch
that
the
Turks
squaring
out
the
platform
of
the
War
on
their
part
,
resolved
to
recover
the
places
they
sometimes
held
in
Hungary
,
but
more
especially
Rab
and
Komora
,
and
thereupon
with
a
great
Army
passed
the
Danube
over
a
Bridg
of
Boats
,
upon
whom
the
Governour
of
Newheusel
sallied
with
eight
thousand
men
,
though
contrary
to
the
advice
of
his
Council
,
with
which
in
the
night
he
entered
their
Camp
and
made
a
great
slaughter
,
but
the
gross
of
the
Army
having
passed
the
River
,
and
taken
the
alarum
,
Cressent-wise
closing
the
horns
at
the
back
of
the
Christians
made
of
them
a
miserable
slaughter
,
who
notwithstanding
sold
their
lives
at
a
dear
rate
,
falling
upon
heaps
of
the
Enemy
till
at
last
tired
with
slaughter
,
those
that
remained
alive
yielded
themselves
Prisoners
,
and
were
notwithstanding
contrary
to
the
Law
of
Arms
by
the
Visiers
command
barbarously
murthered
.
In
this
disaster
the
Governour
hardly
escaped
,
and
in
his
return
was
but
coldly
received
,
for
that
he
by
his
rashness
had
exposed
the
lives
of
so
many
brave
Soldiers
,
to
the
cruel
Swords
of
their
barbarous
Enemies
,
but
this
cruelty
was
soon
after
revenged
upon
the
Turks
in
like
manner
by
Count
Serini
.
This
fatal
loss
sounded
harsh
in
the
Emperours
ears
,
and
obliged
Forcatz
Governour
of
Newheusel
to
send
to
Monticuculi
Governour
of
Rab
,
to
advise
him
of
his
evil
success
,
and
that
if
a
re-inforcement
was
not
speedily
sent
the
place
must
of
necessity
fall
into
the
hands
of
the
Enemy
,
whereupon
one
thousand
select
Souldiers
were
drawn
out
of
Rab
and
sent
thither
,
but
scarcely
were
they
entered
before
the
Turk
set
down
before
it
,
and
summoned
the
Governour
to
surrender
,
but
upon
his
refusing
on
the
14th
.
of
August
they
prepared
for
a
General
storm
.
In
order
to
which
about
break
of
day
Faggots
and
Rubbish
were
brought
to
fill
up
the
ditch
,
and
scaling
Ladders
to
ascend
the
Walls
,
but
although
they
were
many
in
number
,
and
the
assault
made
with
all
imaginable
vigor
,
yet
they
were
received
by
the
defendants
with
that
courage
and
gallantry
,
that
the
Trenches
were
filled
with
their
Carkasses
,
and
at
length
obliged
to
retreat
with
the
loss
of
six
thousand
of
their
men
.
The
siege
still
continuing
the
Turks
angry
and
inflamed
with
the
disgrace
of
their
late
foil
,
endeavoured
to
redeem
their
honour
by
a
second
attempt
filling
up
the
Ditches
as
before
,
and
furiously
attacked
the
outworks
,
but
was
so
miserably
rent
with
the
Flankers
that
they
were
forced
to
fall
of
with
more
loss
and
confusion
then
before
,
which
so
incensed
the
Visier
,
that
drawing
and
part
of
his
Army
to
which
he
joyned
some
Companies
of
Tartars
,
he
sent
them
over
the
River
Waag
to
Forage
the
Countries
of
Austria
and
Moravia
,
which
they
did
(
after
having
defeated
the
German
fo●…
that
(
few
in
number
)
were
appointed
to
guard
the
frontires
)
in
such
a
manner
as
the
like
desolation
had
never
happened
in
those
parts
,
running
even
to
the
Walls
of
Vienna
with
Fire
and
Sword
,
which
put
that
City
into
a
great
consternation
,
and
caused
the
Emperour
to
remove
to
Lintz
,
yet
for
all
this
imminent
danger
the
Diet
brought
nothing
to
perfection
,
in
order
to
the
inabling
the
Emperour
to
raise
more
Forces
,
but
rather
spent
the
time
in
cavilling
at
little
niceties
,
during
which
Newheusel
upon
their
Magazine
of
Powder
accidentally
taking
Fire
surrendred
,
upon
Articles
honourable
to
the
besieged
.
The
Turks
heightened
with
their
success
layed
siege
to
Levents
,
which
after
many
threats
and
fair
promises
was
put
into
their
possession
by
the
Inhabitants
,
which
so
overjoyed
the
Turks
that
feasted
they
for
several
dayes
,
and
then
marched
to
Schinta
the
Magazine
of
the
Emperours
Arms
,
and
Artillery
,
which
they
assaulted
,
but
with
great
loss
were
beaten
off
,
and
forced
to
raise
their
siege
,
yet
passing
on
they
took
Novigrode
,
a
strong
Castle
scituate
upon
a
Rock
,
and
Garrisoned
with
six
hundred
Souldiers
,
provided
with
all
necessaries
that
might
have
incouraged
them
to
a
resolute
defence
,
and
not
upon
such
easie
terms
have
surrendered
a
place
of
such
strength
.
Winter
approaching
the
Grand
Visier
with
part
of
his
Army
marched
back
to
Belgrade
there
to
q●arter
till
the
Spring
,
ordering
a
flying
Army
of
〈◊〉
thousand
Turks
and
Tartars
under
the
leading
of
the
Bassa
of
Temeswar
to
pass
into
Stira
and
Crotia
,
the
Countries
of
Count
Serini
,
who
was
about
that
time
returned
out
of
Hungary
,
and
there
to
fill
all
places
with
desolation
of
which
the
heroick
Count
having
notice
resolved
they
should
not
want
a
welcome
and
therefore
raising
such
Forces
which
were
not
above
six
hundred
,
and
with
this
handful
betook
himself
to
the
banks
of
the
River
Muer
,
to
give
a
stop
if
possible
to
the
passage
of
the
Enemy
placing
Centinels
in
all
places
where
the
River
was
fordable
,
yet
two
thousand
Turks
,
passed
undiscerned
upon
whom
he
set
with
such
undaunted
courage
that
he
soon
put
them
to
flight
,
who
in
seeking
to
repass
the
River
and
missing
the
place
they
passed
at
and
pressed
by
the
Count
they
threw
themselves
headlong
into
the
depths
and
there
mostly
perished
,
which
the
Turks
on
the
further
bank
perceiving
were
so
amazed
at
the
stupendious
valour
of
Serini
,
that
their
courage
failing
them
they
desisted
from
any
further
attempt
upon
his
Countries
.
Yet
the
Count
not
satisfied
raised
against
the
Spring
,
viz.
1664.
a
considerable
power
and
marched
into
the
Turks
Territories
,
destroying
all
before
him
taking
many
important
places
,
and
burning
a
bridge
made
over
the
Fenns
six
or
seven
miles
in
length
,
which
cost
the
Turks
six
hundred
thousand
Dollars
in
building
,
and
six
years
labour
,
he
likewise
took
Quinque
Ecclesiae
,
and
following
the
course
of
his
victory
taking
in
many
small
Towns
and
Castles
in
his
way
,
he
came
before
Sigeth
a
Fortress
of
the
Turks
,
consisting
of
the
new
and
old
Town
joyned
by
a
bridge
cross
a
famous
marsh
,
and
fell
into
the
hands
of
the
Turks
in
the
Reign
of
Solyman
the
Magnificent
,
Anno
1565.
he
then
besieging
it
with
an
Army
of
six
hundred
thousand
Men
,
in
defence
of
which
Nicholas
Serini
great
grand
father
to
this
Count
,
immortalized
his
same
and
memory
with
the
loss
of
his
Life
.
This
place
the
Count
resolved
to
take
and
sacrifice
such
barbarous
Turks
as
would
not
by
a
timely
surrender
submit
to
his
mercy
,
to
the
Ghost
of
his
Ancestors
,
but
when
he
had
a
long
time
battered
it
,
and
it
at
a
point
to
yield
,
news
was
brought
that
a
great
number
of
Turks
and
Tartars
were
on
their
way
to
relieve
it
,
whereupon
calling
a
Council
of
War
it
was
therein
concluded
that
it
was
not
safe
to
hazard
a
Battle
,
and
thereby
indanger
what
was
already
acquired
,
but
rather
give
place
to
necessity
and
return
with
such
spoiles
as
they
had
which
indeed
were
very
great
.
Whilst
this
renowned
Champion
in
the
Christian
cause
so
bravely
behaved
himself
on
the
one
side
,
the
affaires
in
Transilvania
succeeded
not
so
well
for
the
Garrison
of
Clovinopolis
wanting
pay
mutined
and
delivered
up
that
important
place
to
Apafi
,
which
rouzed
the
Germans
out
of
their
Lethargy
,
and
made
them
begin
to
bestir
themselves
,
and
the
grand
Signeour
mad
at
the
loss
he
had
sustained
by
the
Arms
of
Serini
,
sent
sharply
to
reprove
the
Visier
of
negligence
charging
under
severe
penalties
to
be
more
vigilant
for
the
future
,
but
in
spite
of
all
he
could
do
,
the
Count
on
whose
plumes
fledged
victory
sat
perching
,
having
a
while
taken
breath
plucked
other
plumes
from
the
Turkish
Empire
;
when
to
exasperate
him
the
Visier
sent
several
Troops
to
take
his
new
Fort
of
Serniswar
,
yet
not
so
covertly
but
that
he
had
notice
thereof
,
and
immediately
dispatched
a
messenger
to
his
brother
Peter
Serini
,
(
whom
he
had
left
to
guard
the
frontires
himself
at
that
time
prosecuting
his
good
success
in
Hungary
)
to
be
in
a
readiness
to
receive
them
which
young
Prince
no
less
couragious
then
his
brother
,
setting
upon
the
Turks
as
they
were
passing
the
straits
of
Morlac
he
killed
two
thousand
of
them
,
took
fifteen
hundred
Prisoners
and
put
the
rest
to
a
disorderly
flight
.
Upon
news
of
this
success
the
Count
resolved
to
besiege
Canisia
,
and
in
order
thereunto
went
disguised
,
onely
accompanyed
with
fourteen
of
his
officers
to
take
a
view
of
its
strength
and
scituation
but
was
not
so
private
therein
,
but
that
the
Turks
had
secret
intelligence
of
his
purpose
,
and
layed
an
Ambush
of
five
hundred
Horse
some
distance
without
the
Walls
to
intrap
him
,
but
providence
so
ordered
it
,
that
by
the
swiftness
of
his
Horse
he
broke
through
them
,
when
at
the
noise
300
of
his
Crotian
Horse
coming
up
he
faced
about
and
valiantly
at
the
head
of
his
Troop
,
charged
the
Enemy
and
made
of
them
such
slaughter
that
few
of
them
escaped
death
,
or
bondage
.
Amongst
the
slain
one
was
found
compleatly
armed
,
with
a
silk
twisted
Cord
of
divers
colours
about
his
wast
,
who
by
the
Captives
was
reported
to
have
taken
a
solemn
Oath
to
bring
the
Count
bound
in
that
Cord
,
and
to
have
layed
him
at
the
Visiers
feet
,
but
in
this
as
in
most
humain
affairs
it
was
observed
that
when
man
proposeth
God
disposeth
.
After
this
success
the
Count
made
known
his
intention
of
War
against
the
Turks
,
desiring
his
approbation
who
by
the
advice
of
the
Diet
at
Ratisbon
approved
of
his
proceedings
,
and
sent
him
supplies
of
Men
and
Money
,
to
persist
in
his
enterprizes
,
whereupon
he
sat
down
before
Canisia
,
and
battered
it
furiously
,
but
for
want
of
the
supply
promised
he
at
the
approach
of
the
Turkish
Army
which
was
very
numerous
raised
the
siege
.
The
Diet
was
not
idle
in
studying
and
contriving
the
preservation
of
the
Empire
,
but
finding
themselves
too
weak
,
advised
the
Emperor
to
send
his
Ambassadors
to
his
Majesty
of
Great
Brittain
,
His
Majesty
of
Poland
,
and
the
Princes
of
Italy
,
to
contribute
towards
the
defence
of
Christendom
,
who
all
freely
,
either
with
Men
or
Money
,
ingaging
in
the
common
cause
an
Army
of
Four
Thousand
Thirty
Seven
Horse
and
Sixteen
Thousand
Nine
Hundred
Ninety
One
Foot
was
Imbodied
,
and
were
promised
success
the
rather
by
reason
of
the
Rebellion
in
Egypt
,
where
several
of
the
Begs
had
taken
up
Armes
,
and
driven
out
the
Bassas
,
yet
the
difference
amongst
the
Christian
Commanders
retarded
their
success
,
and
especially
some
affronts
put
upon
the
renowned
Count
Serini
,
which
not
being
taken
notice
of
by
the
Emperor
,
he
supposed
he
connived
at
them
,
and
therefore
retired
from
the
Army
,
which
put
a
great
stop
to
their
proceedings
,
upon
which
the
Turks
incouraged
besieged
many
places
,
but
with
small
success
,
for
in
the
end
Husaein
Bassa
,
General
of
the
Turks
Army
being
incountered
by
Count
Soise
chief
Commander
of
the
Imperials
,
he
was
overthrown
with
great
slaughter
of
his
men
,
when
flying
to
Strigonium
he
was
denyed
enterance
,
and
obliged
to
March
to
Newhusel
,
where
he
was
received
,
the
Garrison
there
being
thin
,
and
the
tempest
of
War
at
that
time
threatning
that
place
.
Soise
animated
by
this
success
besieged
Barcan
a
strong
Garrison
of
the
Turks
,
on
the
other
side
Danubius
near
to
Strigonium
,
the
which
after
a
terrible
assault
he
took
,
and
after
having
plundered
it
,
set
it
on
Fire
,
and
so
marched
back
to
Romora
,
the
News
of
which
made
the
Turks
pass
the
River
Rab
with
part
of
their
Army
,
for
Providence
so
ordered
it
,
that
in
the
night
time
abundance
of
Rain
fell
,
and
the
River
swelling
kept
the
other
part
from
passing
,
so
that
being
divided
,
that
part
which
had
passed
being
set
upon
by
the
Christians
was
routed
with
great
slaughter
,
most
of
them
perishing
by
the
Sword
or
the
Water
,
the
slain
of
note
on
both
sides
being
these
,
on
the
Turks
Ismale
Bassa
of
Buda
,
the
General
of
the
Spahies
,
the
Aga
of
the
Janizaries
,
the
youngest
Son
of
the
Tartar
Han
,
Three
other
Bassas
,
Ali
Beg
General
of
Bosna
,
Thirty
Capugibashes
,
Thirty
Five
of
the
Visiers
Pages
,
and
Three
Hundred
of
his
Guard
,
Fifty
Janizaries
,
Three
Thousand
Spahes
,
Fifteen
Hundred
Bosnacks
,
Eight
Hundred
Albanians
.
Six
Hundred
Crotians
and
Hungarians
subject
to
the
Turks
,
Two
Hundred
and
Fifty
Valachians
and
Moldavians
,
Six
Hundred
Tartars
,
Fifteen
Hundred
Anatolians
,
and
Four
Thousand
other
Asiaticks
,
in
all
Seventeen
Thousand
;
Of
the
Christians
were
slain
about
Three
Thousand
,
the
chief
of
which
were
the
Count
of
Nassan
,
Charles
Count
Bracondorf
,
Count
Fulchire
General
of
the
Artillery
,
and
Collonel
Pleiter
with
his
Leiutenant
Collonel
,
and
Serjeant
Major
.
This
great
overthrow
caused
the
Turkish
Forces
to
Mutinye
,
declaring
the
War
to
be
undertaken
upon
an
unjust
quarrel
,
alledging
that
the
Total
Eclipse
of
the
Moon
had
before
presaged
their
evil
success
,
nor
could
the
Visier
appease
them
,
or
secure
his
own
Life
without
a
promise
to
use
his
utmost
interest
for
an
accommodation
of
Peace
between
the
Empires
,
yet
kept
not
his
word
,
but
immediately
sent
his
Commands
to
the
Princes
of
Moldavia
and
Valachia
,
who
had
retired
to
return
to
the
War
,
whereupon
though
very
unwillingly
they
returned
,
after
which
the
Turks
Turk
Serniswar
,
the
Imperials
not
so
much
as
vouchsafing
to
relieve
it
,
which
so
afflicted
the
Noble
Mind
of
the
Count
Serini
,
that
growing
Melancholly
,
to
divert
himself
he
often
used
Hunting
,
when
one
day
Chasing
a
Bore
,
whom
he
wounded
in
several
places
,
the
furious
Beast
turned
upon
him
,
and
with
his
Tusk
struck
him
on
the
Knee
,
which
made
him
fall
to
the
ground
,
when
before
he
could
recover
himself
with
a
second
stroke
,
he
was
mortally
wounded
in
the
head
,
and
soon
after
dyed
in
the
Armes
of
one
of
his
Pages
;
This
was
the
end
of
this
valiant
Captain
,
whom
his
Enemies
could
never
subdue
,
to
the
great
grief
of
all
worthy
Christians
,
and
the
joy
of
the
Turks
,
whose
Mortal
Enemy
he
was
,
a
man
in
dangers
most
couragious
,
in
War
valiant
,
and
patient
in
labour
,
in
peace
courteous
,
and
moderate
in
his
pleasure
,
and
in
fine
he
was
accomplished
with
all
those
vertues
that
renders
a
man
compleat
.
After
the
death
of
this
Count
,
the
Peace
between
the
Empires
was
concluded
,
when
as
the
Grand
Seigniour
being
at
leasure
,
plotted
the
destruction
of
his
Brothers
,
but
at
the
perswasion
of
the
Muphti
altered
his
Resolution
.
About
this
time
the
Grand
Visier
indeavoured
to
depose
the
Tartar
Han
,
and
place
his
Son
in
his
stead
,
but
the
young
Tartar
though
barbarous
would
not
consent
thereto
,
but
sent
his
Father
secret
notice
what
was
intended
against
him
,
which
so
inraged
the
Tartar
,
that
he
used
his
utmost
indeavour
at
the
Ottoman
Court
to
overthrow
the
Visier
,
and
promote
another
to
that
Office
,
in
order
to
which
he
dealt
with
the
Bassa
of
Buda
,
promising
him
his
utmost
interest
at
the
Port
to
make
him
great
Visier
,
by
which
,
though
contrary
to
his
wish
,
he
destroyed
him
for
the
Visier
,
having
notice
of
what
had
passed
,
obtained
a
private
Commission
from
the
Grand
Seigniour
,
by
which
he
Summoned
the
Bassa
to
appear
before
him
,
when
immediately
without
any
process
,
proof
or
accusation
,
caused
his
Head
to
be
stricken
off
.
Anno
Dom.
1665.
The
Genoese
sent
the
Marquess
Durazzo
as
their
Envoy
Extraordinary
to
the
Ottoman
Court
,
where
by
gifts
and
other
means
,
he
so
effectually
wrote
with
the
Grand
Visier
,
that
a
peace
insued
between
the
Grand
Seigniour
and
that
Republick
,
the
which
was
the
rather
accorded
to
that
the
War
against
Candia
might
be
the
better
carryed
on
,
on
which
the
Turks
seemed
absolutely
bent
in
order
to
the
Equiping
of
Gallies
and
other
things
necessary
,
the
Grand
Seigniour
came
from
Adrinople
to
Constantinople
,
but
before
his
arrival
great
part
of
the
Seraglio
was
burnt
to
the
ground
,
fired
by
some
of
the
women
,
to
prevent
the
discovery
of
their
stealing
divers
Jewels
that
garnished
the
Royal
Cradle
,
and
upon
his
arrival
he
desired
of
the
Earl
of
Winchelsea
Fifteen
Sail
of
English
Men
of
War
,
with
the
consent
of
His
Majesty
of
Great
Brittain
,
but
the
Earl
excused
it
,
saying
,
that
though
his
Majesty
of
England
did
always
entertain
a
good
affection
and
zealous
disposition
towards
the
affairs
of
the
Ottoman
Port
,
yet
at
present
the
Wars
with
Holland
,
and
ill
understanding
with
France
,
made
his
occasions
for
his
own
Shipping
more
urgent
then
usual
,
and
the
time
most
unseasonable
to
press
his
Majesty
in
that
particular
,
whereupon
the
Grand
Visier
gave
order
for
the
building
Sixty
Gallies
against
the
Spring
,
at
what
time
a
great
Fleet
was
in
a
readyness
,
several
English
,
French
and
Dutch
Merchant
Men
,
who
were
at
that
time
found
in
the
prots
of
Aleppo
,
Smyrna
,
and
Alexandria
,
being
pressed
for
the
service
.
These
proceedings
greatly
alarumed
the
Venetians
,
insomuch
that
they
delayed
nothing
that
was
requisite
for
the
defence
of
their
important
City
of
Candia
,
the
which
who
ever
holds
,
commands
the
rest
of
the
Island
,
whereupon
the
Marquess
Ghiron
Franciseo
Villa
a
brave
Souldier
,
was
entertained
as
General
of
Foot
,
and
a
Sallary
of
twelve
thousand
Crowns
per
Annum
alowed
him
,
with
a
large
Commission
not
to
be
subject
to
any
command
,
but
that
of
the
Captain
Generals
,
who
with
a
great
train
arriving
at
Venice
made
an
Oration
to
the
people
,
wherein
he
incouraged
them
to
the
utmost
to
fight
against
the
enemies
of
their
Country
and
Religion
with
wearyness
,
and
chearfully
to
provide
all
necessaries
for
so
honourable
a
War
,
whereupon
they
fitted
their
Fleet
with
all
things
necessary
,
and
strengthened
their
Forts
both
with
Horse
and
Foot
drawn
out
of
their
Garrisons
on
the
Terra
Firma
,
being
assisted
with
Men
and
Money
from
other
Princes
and
States
;
The
Pope
gave
them
permissions
to
levy
four
thousand
men
out
of
his
Countries
,
the
Emperor
likewise
notwithstanding
the
peace
furnished
them
with
considerable
Forces
,
to
which
were
additions
made
from
other
parts
of
Germany
,
and
indeed
from
many
of
the
Christian
Princes
,
who
were
grieved
to
see
an
Infidel
incroach
yet
farther
into
Europe
,
but
above
all
the
French
King
contributed
largely
,
though
at
the
same
time
he
sent
Mounsier
d'
Vently
his
Ambassador
to
the
Port
,
who
as
the
former
received
many
affronts
during
his
residence
there
;
The
Captain
of
the
Ship
that
brought
him
thither
likewise
was
ordered
by
the
Grand
Seignior
to
be
Executed
,
for
too
rudely
pressing
into
his
presence
,
which
Sentence
had
been
put
in
Execution
had
not
the
Bostangi
Bassa
interceeded
for
him
,
yet
he
nevertheless
was
imprisoned
and
put
in
chains
,
nor
could
the
Ambassador
without
a
great
Sum
procure
his
Liberty
,
nor
at
his
Audiences
had
of
the
Grand
Seignior
and
Grand
Visi●r
was
he
received
with
such
respect
as
became
his
Character
,
yet
he
made
the
best
on
it
,
boasting
to
the
other
Christians
,
Ministers
of
the
ample
satisfaction
he
had
received
both
for
his
own
affronts
,
and
the
affronts
put
upon
his
Predecessors
.
Whilst
these
things
passed
,
the
Marquess
d'
Villa
passed
into
Dalmatia
to
take
a
view
of
the
Forts
and
strong
places
on
that
side
,
as
fearing
whilst
the
Turks
gave
out
for
Candia
,
they
might
suddenly
turn
their
Forces
upon
that
Frontier
Territory
of
the
Venetians
,
but
having
given
such
necessary
orders
as
he
thought
requisite
,
and
being
certified
from
Count
Lisle
the
Emperors
Ambassador
at
Constantinople
,
that
the
Grand
Visier
early
in
the
Spring
would
with
a
puissant
Army
land
on
the
Island
he
set
over
,
with
such
Forces
as
he
had
,
to
joyn
those
already
there
.
About
the
beginning
of
the
Year
1666.
great
troubles
had
like
to
have
risen
in
the
Ottoman
Empire
,
occasioned
by
one
Sabatai
Seni
a
Jew
,
born
at
Smyrna
,
who
impiously
pretending
himself
to
be
the
Messia
drew
after
him
a
multitude
of
that
unhappy
nation
,
declaring
that
he
came
to
restore
them
to
their
temporal
Kingdom
,
and
to
gather
the
scattered
tribes
filling
their
heads
with
prophesies
,
dreams
and
false
delusions
,
that
they
every
where
credited
him
,
and
laying
aside
all
business
,
prepared
for
their
march
to
Jerusalem
,
once
more
to
possess
the
Land
of
Promise
,
and
raise
a
Glorious
Monarchy
above
what
ever
their
Ancestors
could
pretend
too
,
and
to
that
purpose
made
themselves
Garments
according
to
the
Levitical
Ordinance
,
several
of
them
affirming
that
they
had
seen
Elias
,
and
that
he
had
expresly
commanded
it
,
writing
to
each
other
many
Blasphemous
Letters
in
commendation
of
their
Impostor
,
whom
they
stile
King
of
Kings
,
and
Lord
of
all
Lords
,
attributing
to
him
many
other
vain
Titles
,
nor
was
it
long
e'r
he
became
Hydra
headed
,
for
other
despicable
Jews
finding
the
cheat
take
so
effectually
took
up
the
deceiving
Trade
which
caused
the
Turkish
Ministers
to
nip
them
,
e're
they
grew
too
popular
,
by
confining
the
Ring-Leaders
to
divers
Prisons
;
and
amongst
other
things
,
the
Jews
being
ashamed
that
so
many
Missias
should
at
once
appear
,
procured
the
Imprisonment
of
some
of
them
,
themselves
,
by
accusing
them
of
Adultery
,
and
other
heinous
Crimes
,
as
for
Sabati
,
he
finding
his
fraud
too
apparent
,
renounced
the
Judaism
,
and
turned
Mahometan
,
and
drew
many
of
his
Nation
to
follow
his
Example
,
being
for
that
purpose
set
at
Liberty
,
and
allowed
a
pension
for
his
Maintenance
in
the
Turks
Seraglio
.
About
this
time
the
Embassadors
of
either
Empire
exchanged
,
that
is
,
the
Turks
Embassador
returned
from
Vienna
to
Constantinople
;
and
the
German
Embassador
from
Constantinople
,
to
Vienna
;
during
which
,
the
skirmishes
between
the
Venetians
and
the
Turks
grew
hot
,
Hostilities
being
on
both
sides
maintained
with
great
fury
,
both
by
Land
and
Sea
,
though
with
various
success
;
sometimes
on
side
prevailing
,
and
sometimes
another
;
till
at
last
in
was
resolved
by
the
Marquess
D'
Villa
,
and
the
Admiral
of
the
Gallies
,
that
by
reason
of
the
great
Inundations
occasioned
by
the
incessant
rains
,
that
the
offensive
War
should
be
laid
aside
,
and
the
Forces
for
better
security
,
incamp
near
the
Walls
of
Candia
,
as
being
the
Metropolis
of
the
Island
,
whilst
the
Gallies
divided
into
two
Squadrons
scowred
the
Seas
,
and
hindred
any
new
succours
from
Landing
;
but
e're
they
were
incamped
,
Two
Thousand
Turks
sallying
from
their
Trenches
,
set
upon
the
out
Guards
,
beating
them
from
their
Post
,
and
pursuing
even
to
the
enterance
of
the
Camp
,
but
being
reinforced
,
the
Turk
were
obliged
in
disorder
to
retire
;
yet
the
Turks
not
contented
,
made
another
attempt
,
but
with
no
better
success
than
the
former
;
though
the
Loss
was
considerable
on
either
side
;
yet
the
Turks
Camp
was
greatly
annoyed
by
the
shot
,
from
which
played
furiously
upon
their
●renches
;
but
the
Marquess
D'
Villa
having
notice
of
the
approach
of
greater
Forces
,
thought
it
wisdom
to
remove
his
Camp
to
a
place
of
more
advantage
,
till
new
aids
came
to
his
assistance
;
the
which
after
●illing
up
the
Trenches
,
and
blowing
up
the
Forts
that
they
might
not
profit
,
the
Enemy
was
performed
.
During
this
Action
,
the
Great
Visier
,
with
a
numerous
Army
Imbarqued
on
the
Gallies
at
Constantinople
,
and
after
touching
at
Thebes
,
arrived
at
Candia
,
though
by
the
way
,
Twelve
of
his
Galleys
fell
into
the
hands
of
the
Venetians
,
mostly
laden
with
Provision
and
Ammunition
,
taken
near
the
Gulf
of
●olo
by
the
Cavalier
,
Grimani
,
Captain
of
the
Gallies
;
the
Visier
upon
his
arrival
went
to
take
a
view
of
the
City
of
Candia
,
that
Bulwark
then
of
Christendom
,
and
finding
the
taking
of
it
would
require
much
time
and
labour
,
he
returned
to
Canea
,
to
consult
the
measures
used
in
carrying
on
the
siege
;
when
in
the
mean
time
the
Princes
of
Christendom
being
at
discord
amongst
themselves
,
were
not
so
ready
in
sending
the
promised
succours
as
was
expected
,
only
the
Pope
and
Great
Duke
of
Tuscany
kept
their
promise
,
and
some
few
private
men
out
of
their
proper
Treasury
,
sent
a
supply
of
Money
and
Provision
,
insomuch
,
that
the
juncture
did
no
ways
promised
success
to
the
Venetians
.
Anno
1667.
The
Tartars
in
the
depth
of
Winter
entering
Poland
,
layed
a
great
part
of
it
desolate
,
carrying
away
One
Hundred
Thousand
Christians
into
miserable
Bondage
,
which
made
the
Polonian
King
exhibit
a
grievous
complaint
to
the
Grand
Signior
;
but
with
all
desirous
to
renew
the
League
between
them
:
In
order
to
which
,
he
sent
his
Embassador
with
many
rich
Presents
to
the
Port
,
but
he
being
too
peremptorie
in
his
demands
upon
his
Audidience
,
and
receiving
no
answer
agreeable
to
his
expectation
,
uttered
such
Speeches
as
caused
the
Grand
Signior
to
confine
him
to
his
own
House
,
and
a
Guard
to
be
set
upon
him
,
which
so
increased
his
fury
,
that
growing
high
,
it
casted
him
into
a
Fevour
,
of
which
he
dyed
;
when
as
his
Secretary
took
upon
him
the
character
of
an
Embassador
,
expecting
a
reply
to
what
had
been
proposed
,
and
within
a
while
after
,
had
an
Audience
of
the
Chimacam
,
but
in
the
end
could
obtain
no
other
answer
,
then
that
no
compensation
or
pretence
should
ever
after
be
demanded
for
the
damage
sustained
by
the
Tartars
in
Poland
,
nor
that
the
Polanders
should
make
War
upon
the
Cossacks
now
revolted
from
the
Obedience
of
that
Crown
;
but
that
they
should
immediately
make
War
upon
the
Muscovite
,
and
permit
the
Turkish
Merchants
to
Trade
in
their
Countrey
;
with
this
answer
the
Secretary
was
obliged
to
depart
,
though
it
proved
nothing
grateful
to
the
Poles
,
who
did
not
vouchsafe
to
return
thanks
for
this
unesteemed
favour
,
yet
by
reason
of
the
differences
amongst
themselves
,
warred
not
on
Tartary
,
though
some
of
the
bordering
people
with
any
Authentick
Commission
,
joyning
with
a
considerable
party
of
Muscovians
,
entered
Tartary
,
and
running
with
Fire
and
Sword
even
to
the
Walls
of
Coffa
their
chief
City
,
burnt
Three
Hundred
Villages
,
and
brought
away
a
great
booty
of
Prisoners
,
Cattle
,
and
the
like
.
About
this
time
the
Bassa
of
Basora
revolted
from
the
Grand
Signior
,
and
with
displayed
Insigns
marched
with
an
Army
of
Forty
Thousand
Horse
and
to
the
great
terror
of
those
Countreys
,
which
he
pretended
were
of
right
,
his
Legal
Inheritance
descended
to
him
by
his
Ancestors
;
but
the
Bassas
of
Erzirum
,
Aleppo
,
and
Damascus
going
against
him
,
routed
his
Forces
,
and
for
the
preservation
of
his
Life
,
obliged
his
to
fly
to
the
King
of
Persia
.
The
Venetian
Galleys
coasting
the
Island
of
Candia
,
to
hinder
what
in
them
lay
the
Landing
of
Forces
on
that
Island
,
encountered
with
Twenty
Ships
of
the
Turks
,
laden
with
Men
and
Provision
;
most
of
which
they
burnt
,
sunk
,
or
took
,
and
a
while
after
had
one
of
the
Turkish
Galleys
brought
to
them
by
the
Slaves
,
who
had
by
stratagem
taken
it
from
their
Masters
,
but
these
proceedings
seemed
small
to
what
afterwards
happened
;
for
by
this
time
the
Visier
having
layed
his
siege
to
one
of
the
strongest
City
in
the
World
,
fortified
by
the
most
industrious
of
men
,
as
far
as
Humane
possibility
could
render
it
impregnable
,
dismal
things
insued
.
The
Town
was
fortified
with
seven
great
Bastions
,
viz.
the
Sabionera
,
Vetturi
,
Jesus
,
Martinengo
,
Betlem
,
Panigra
,
and
St.
Andrea
,
all
incompassed
with
a
large
and
deep
Ditch
,
of
which
were
the
Revelin
of
Spiritto
,
the
Revelin
of
Panigra
flanked
to
the
right
,
with
the
Half-Moon
of
Mecenigo
,
next
thereunto
,
was
the
Revelin
of
Batlem
bordering
on
the
work
of
St.
Maries
,
which
to
the
left
had
the
Revelin
of
St.
Nicholas
,
and
this
joyned
to
the
Fortification
of
de
Palma
,
next
whereunto
was
the
Revelin
of
Priuli
,
with
the
redoubt
of
Crepa
Cuore
,
and
over
all
was
the
Royal
Fort
of
St.
Demetrio
,
which
Commanded
the
work
of
Molino
,
and
Sabionera
,
even
to
the
very
Sea
.
Before
this
formidable
place
,
the
Visier
pitched
his
Tents
,
raised
his
Battery
,
and
provided
all
things
necessary
to
approach
the
work
,
running
his
Trenches
with
great
celerity
to
the
border
of
the
out-works
,
but
there
met
with
such
blasts
of
Aetnean
Fires
from
the
Mines
and
Farnellos
,
that
they
hindred
the
Turks
Traverses
,
and
greatly
disincouraged
them
,
considering
that
if
the
Ground
was
unsecure
at
that
distance
,
what
Abysses
and
Chasmas
must
there
be
prepared
to
make
them
Graves
under
the
Walls
or
enterance
of
the
City
,
when
not
to
let
them
breathe
,
the
Christians
sallyed
twice
on
them
,
making
great
slaughter
of
such
as
were
far
advanced
in
the
works
;
when
retiring
in
confusion
,
the
Collonel
of
St.
Demetrio
fell
upon
them
,
cutting
Two
Thousand
of
them
in
pieces
,
e're
they
could
recover
their
main
strength
;
about
which
time
,
Captain
General
Morosini
arrived
in
the
Haven
with
his
Galleys
,
and
put
One
Thousand
fresh
men
into
the
City
,
which
so
exasperated
the
Turks
,
that
they
resolutely
advanced
to
hinder
it
,
but
being
within
danger
by
the
springing
of
Mines
,
some
hundreds
of
them
were
sent
to
cut
capers
in
the
Air
;
yet
the
Turks
forced
by
their
Commanders
like
Moles
,
continued
there
working
under
ground
,
where
many
of
them
dug
their
own
Graves
,
never
more
appearing
above
ground
;
for
being
countermined
,
they
were
overwhelmed
with
the
blasts
of
Powder
and
dreadful
Wild-Fires
prepared
by
Castellan
(
the
most
expert
Enginere
in
the
World
)
for
that
purpose
,
yet
the
Turks
with
their
stink
pots
,
which
flaming
,
they
threw
into
the
works
,
so
infected
the
Air
with
noisom
vapours
,
that
long
it
was
e're
it
could
be
purged
with
the
burning
of
Juniper-wood
,
and
Aquavitae
.
During
these
dayly
rancounters
,
arrived
the
Auxilarie
Galleys
from
the
Pope
,
and
Maltesians
commanded
by
Prior
Bichi
,
and
Bali
Del
Bene
,
as
likewise
the
Galleys
of
Naples
and
Sicily
,
Commanded
by
Gianettino
Doria
,
and
the
Duke
of
Ferandina
,
but
such
was
the
Cowardise
of
these
Commanders
which
they
imputed
to
,
the
straitness
of
their
Commission
,
that
they
durst
not
come
on
shoar
,
nor
at
the
instance
of
the
Marquess
D'
Villa
,
send
him
so
much
as
a
man
,
except
such
renowned
French
Voluntiers
as
would
enter
the
City
,
not
being
under
their
Command
,
amongst
whom
was
the
Cavalier
D'
Harcourt
,
of
the
House
of
Lorrain
,
who
did
singular
service
by
his
Valour
and
Conduct
;
nor
did
these
Galleys
ought
at
Sea
,
but
after
some
time
,
coasting
the
Island
,
ingloriously
returned
home
to
theirs
,
and
their
Masters
Infamy
.
These
things
happening
,
the
Signior
Giavarina
surrendred
his
charge
of
Captain
of
the
Galleys
to
Signeor
Pasquelino
,
and
by
the
order
of
the
Senate
,
went
again
to
Constantinople
,
and
from
thence
passed
over
to
treat
with
the
Great
Visier
about
a
truce
,
but
nothing
would
be
consented
to
,
unless
Candia
was
delivered
,
whereupon
he
generously
scorned
to
treat
further
,
though
the
Visier
desired
it
,
and
appointed
a
place
for
that
purpose
,
which
so
inraged
him
,
that
he
commanded
the
Mines
about
Panigra
to
be
sprung
,
and
a
furious
Assault
to
be
given
,
but
it
proved
unsuccessful
by
the
great
slaughter
of
the
Turks
,
whose
bodys
filled
up
the
ruines
of
the
Mine
.
At
the
end
of
July
arrived
Six
Hundred
Foot
,
under
the
Leading
of
Ottanio
Alba
,
a
Noble
Venetian
bringing
with
him
likewise
Twenty
Thousand
Ducats
,
who
entring
the
City
,
was
joyfully
received
,
during
which
spaces
,
the
Fights
between
the
Miners
under
Ground
,
were
as
bloody
as
those
in
the
open
Field
,
so
that
the
Men
seemed
to
make
war
in
the
Grave
;
nor
were
the
Turks
slow
in
placing
their
Mines
to
advantage
,
especially
one
,
which
taking
Fire
,
blew
up
part
of
the
Half-Moon
,
leaving
thereby
a
passage
Twelve
Foot
wide
,
at
which
the
Turks
pressing
to
enter
,
were
miserably
overwhelmed
by
the
storms
of
shot
that
flew
like
Hail
from
the
Flankers
,
whereupon
the
better
to
make
their
approaches
,
the
Turks
filled
sacks
of
Earth
,
and
planted
them
near
the
Walls
,
which
the
Christians
with
long
Iron
hooks
drew
away
,
and
left
them
open
to
the
fury
of
Musquitiers
,
who
were
the
more
incouraged
by
another
supply
of
Five
Hundred
Venetians
,
under
the
Command
of
Signeour
D'
Riva
,
when
on
the
Fifteenth
of
September
,
the
Christians
sallyed
,
and
after
a
hot
skirmish
,
trained
the
Turk
into
the
danger
of
a
Mine
,
which
being
sprung
,
sent
Three
Hundred
of
them
into
the
Air
,
yet
they
continued
the
Fight
very
bloody
and
doubtful
,
till
at
length
the
Christians
retired
under
the
Bastion
of
Betlem
,
and
the
Turks
with
the
shot
from
thence
were
beaten
off
.
On
the
Eighteenth
they
made
another
salley
,
and
trained
the
Turks
into
the
danger
of
another
Mine
,
though
not
without
some
loss
of
their
own
;
their
Captain
being
wounded
,
and
Ten
or
Twelve
of
them
slain
,
yet
they
again
sallyed
,
and
sprung
several
Mines
to
the
destroying
of
Six
Thousand
Turks
,
whilst
the
Enginere
framed
an
Engine
to
rid
the
Ditch
of
the
Earth
that
the
Mines
had
thrown
into
it
,
but
the
Turks
undermining
where
it
stood
,
blew
it
into
the
Air
,
yet
the
Labourers
with
Baskets
and
Sacks
supplyed
its
place
;
and
on
the
Twentieth
of
October
,
a
Mine
of
Forty
Barrels
of
Powder
was
fired
by
the
Christians
to
destroy
the
Enemies
redoubts
,
but
on
the
contrary
,
it
burst
through
an
old
Gallery
with
such
force
,
as
made
the
City
tremble
,
as
if
an
Earthquake
had
happened
,
and
with
the
confused
smoak
stifled
about
Sixty
Men.
About
this
time
,
the
Grand
Signior
sent
an
Express
to
the
Visier
,
to
send
him
an
exact
account
how
the
siege
was
carryed
on
,
and
what
hopes
there
was
of
winning
the
piece
,
sending
him
a
Sword
,
and
a
vest
of
Sables
as
a
token
of
his
favour
;
to
merit
which
,
and
that
the
Grand
Signiors
Inquisitor
might
be
a
Spectator
of
the
difficulty
in
winning
the
place
,
he
commanded
a
General
assault
the
next
day
should
be
made
upon
Panigra
,
which
was
carryed
on
with
such
desperateness
,
that
the
Turks
entered
the
Ditches
,
but
were
soon
dislodged
by
the
Springing
Mines
,
which
made
them
spraul
by
Hundreds
in
the
Air
,
and
overthrew
many
of
the
Enemies
redoubts
,
yet
the
Visier
not
satisfied
with
threats
and
promises
,
obliged
them
to
renew
the
Assault
,
which
they
did
with
such
eagerness
,
in
hopes
of
great
rewards
,
that
notwithstanding
the
undaunted
courage
of
the
Defendants
,
Panigra
had
been
taken
,
had
not
the
General
given
order
for
the
blowing
it
up
,
which
was
done
with
such
a
Thunder-crack
from
the
breath
of
Seventy
Barrels
of
Powder
under
a
huge
pile
of
stones
,
that
the
Turks
Camp
trembled
,
and
in
it
perished
Three
Thousand
Turks
,
amongst
whom
were
Three
Bassas
,
and
many
other
of
note
.
This
for
the
present
astonished
the
Turks
,
and
gave
a
stop
to
the
further
proceedings
of
this
Assault
.
This
proof
gave
evident
Conviction
to
the
Grand
Signiors
Inquisitor
of
the
strength
of
the
place
,
and
difficulty
of
the
work
;
and
having
been
an
Eye-Witness
of
what
had
passed
,
returned
with
dismal
stories
of
a
cruel
War
,
reporting
(
perhaps
)
and
it
was
related
in
most
parts
of
Christendom
,
that
this
was
the
place
where
blood
was
spilt
day
and
night
,
where
Gallant
Men
had
forgot
to
sleep
,
living
in
perpetual
labours
,
innur'd
to
intolerable
sufferings
,
and
hourly
dangers
,
there
being
none
secure
in
Church
,
House
,
or
Street
;
for
Granadoes
spouted
f●●e
,
Cannons
thundred
out
their
Iron
Globes
,
Arrows
and
Stones
fell
like
Hail
,
so
that
there
were
none
in
that
place
but
who
quartered
on
the
brink
of
the
Grave
.
Winter
coming
on
Hostilities
ceased
not
though
their
heat
was
somewhat
abated
,
and
to
the
wonder
of
all
men
the
Visier
could
not
be
perswaded
to
forsake
his
Trenches
,
but
proving
when
necessary
he
could
to
secure
his
Souldiers
from
the
raging
cold
and
prodigeous
Rains
he
immediately
dispatched
Letters
to
the
Grand
Signeour
and
Divano
,
to
send
him
new
supplies
for
that
his
Army
was
so
wasted
that
of
one
hundred
and
fifty
thousand
with
which
he
at
first
incamped
not
a
third
part
of
them
remained
adding
that
he
was
resolved
to
take
the
City
or
dye
under
its
Walls
,
which
resolution
was
highly
approved
by
the
Grand
Signeour
,
and
a
speedy
dispatch
of
Men
,
Provision
,
and
Ammunition
was
made
when
to
the
Visier
supposing
to
render
the
Officers
of
the
City
more
negligent
of
their
trusts
sent
to
propose
certain
Articles
of
Peace
and
a
flag
of
Truce
,
but
his
design
being
perceived
he
drew
in
his
hornes
,
about
which
time
arrived
the
new
Prove●itor
Bernardo
Navi
(
the
other
having
been
killed
with
a
Musquet
shot
on
the
Fort
of
Panigara
)
bringing
with
him
five
hundred
Souldiers
,
and
Matteo
Mattheus
Serjeant
General
with
recruits
from
the
Pope
,
as
likewise
three
hundred
Meddals
,
to
bestow
upon
such
Worthies
as
should
best
deserve
them
.
Anno
Dom.
1668.
in
the
month
of
March
a
sharp
ingagement
happened
between
sixteen
Venetian
,
and
twelve
Turkish
Gallies
,
the
latter
not
expecting
such
a
number
in
those
,
tho
indeed
they
had
been
sent
to
surprize
yet
entering
into
a
sharp
dispute
six
of
the
Turks
Gallies
were
sunk
or
taken
,
and
the
rest
much
shattered
escaped
under
the
shelter
of
the
night
,
having
lost
most
of
their
Souldiers
and
Commanders
,
and
soon
after
the
Captain
General
of
the
Venetians
,
lighting
accidentally
of
six
other
Turkish
Gallies
took
and
sunk
them
all
save
one
that
run
her self
on
shoar
.
Spring
being
now
come
the
Turks
began
to
creep
out
of
their
Trenches
,
having
raised
a
Fort
on
the
side
of
the
Lazaretto
,
which
so
offended
the
Port
that
there
was
no
harbour
or
access
for
Vessels
,
and
the
like
they
had
erected
on
the
other
side
near
unto
the
Fort
of
St.
Andrea
,
which
greatly
offended
Tramata
another
harbour
on
the
left
hand
,
and
in
the
night
passing
undiscovered
of
the
Centinels
they
fixed
a
strong
Cable
to
the
Pallisado
of
St.
Andrea
,
and
strained
it
so
hard
with
an
Engine
erected
for
that
purpose
,
that
they
tore
away
several
of
the
main
beams
,
heightned
with
which
success
they
continued
to
advance
their
Lines
on
that
side
,
to
prevent
which
the
General
commanded
two
hundred
under
the
leading
of
Major
Motta
,
to
sally
out
upon
them
,
which
they
effected
with
such
expedition
and
secresie
,
that
they
slew
a
great
number
of
them
and
put
the
rest
that
were
running
the
Line
to
flight
,
overthrowing
their
redoubts
and
filling
up
Lines
for
which
good
service
the
General
bestowed
amongst
them
fifty
Zechins
,
and
commanded
the
platform
to
be
finished
from
whence
with
his
Cannon
he
greatly
annoyed
the
Enemy
,
and
having
destroyed
several
Redoubts
by
springing
of
Mines
,
sallyed
about
eight
hundred
strong
,
and
made
great
slaughter
of
the
Turks
driving
them
out
of
their
Trenches
.
Howsoever
the
Turks
with
admirable
patience
crept
forward
under
the
shelter
of
their
Bastion
,
running
their
Traverses
cross
the
Lines
till
Maupassau
an
Engineer
by
springing
several
Mines
put
a
stop
to
their
proceedings
.
But
now
what
was
the
greatest
loss
to
this
famous
City
the
Duke
of
Savoy
(
whose
subject
the
Marquess
D'
Villa
was
,
recalled
him
home
,
his
urgent
affairs
so
requiring
,
notwithstanding
many
overtures
were
made
for
his
continuance
,
but
in
obedience
to
his
Prince
he
imbarked
and
left
his
charge
to
the
Marquess
St.
Andrea
Montbrun
a
Noble
man
of
France
,
with
whom
the
Venetian
Ambassador
at
Paris
by
order
of
the
Republick
,
had
prevailed
to
take
upon
him
the
defence
and
protection
of
that
deplorable
reduced
now
almost
to
its
ultimate
crisis
.
The
new
General
established
in
his
place
of
trust
took
a
diligent
survey
of
the
Forts
and
Walls
of
the
City
,
giving
such
necessary
orders
as
he
conceived
most
convenient
,
nor
was
his
diligence
without
reason
for
the
Turks
dayly
pressed
nearer
to
the
Walls
of
the
City
,
raising
many
redoubts
with
such
expedition
,
that
they
could
not
be
destroyed
so
fast
as
they
were
raised
,
though
the
Miners
ceased
not
to
use
their
utmost
diligence
,
and
from
them
playing
with
their
Cannon
many
brave
men
were
killed
on
the
Walls
,
and
amongst
the
rest
Providetor
General
Nani
,
and
Francisco
Bataglia
,
Brother
to
the
Duke
of
Candia
were
slain
with
Musquet
shots
.
The
long
continuance
of
this
siege
drew
thither
many
Worthies
,
and
amongst
others
Monsier
La
Fuillade
Duke
of
Roanez
.
The
Count
of
St.
Pauls
.
The
Duke
De
Carderousse
.
The
Count
D'
Villa
Maur
,
and
the
Duke
De
Chateau
Tiery
,
who
came
accompanied
with
six
hundred
Men
most
of
them
Gentlemen
of
note
,
to
try
their
valour
in
the
field
of
Mars
,
who
like
so
many
inraged
Lyons
by
their
frequent
sallies
killed
a
great
number
of
the
Turks
,
beating
them
through
their
Trenches
,
and
terrifying
them
at
that
rate
that
they
scarcely
durst
make
their
approach
,
but
these
men
came
not
to
stay
but
only
to
see
the
Wars
and
so
depart
,
which
after
good
service
done
,
such
as
escaped
did
;
when
in
their
places
several
valiant
Souldiers
sent
by
the
Dukes
of
Lunenburgh
and
Brunswick
arrived
under
ther
leading
of
several
valiant
Chiefs
,
of
which
Count
Waldeck
was
principle
,
who
in
a
sally
venturing
into
the
Enemies
Trenches
too
far
,
received
several
wounds
of
which
he
soon
after
died
.
Between
St.
Andrew
and
the
Ravelin
of
Spirito
,
where
the
Turks
had
planted
a
Battery
of
three
pieces
of
Cannon
,
and
raised
several
Doubts
,
a
Mine
of
one
hundred
sacks
of
Powder
was
sprung
,
which
not
only
overthrew
the
Battery
and
Redoubts
,
but
vast
quantities
of
Stones
and
Timber
it
carryed
into
the
Air
,
destroyed
a
great
number
of
Turks
in
their
Trenches
,
and
thereupon
the
Christians
sallying
put
them
into
a
great
confusion
,
dismounting
and
spiking
up
their
Cannon
,
but
by
the
loss
of
the
Duke
of
Candia
who
was
slain
by
a
Musquet
shot
,
much
of
the
joy
for
this
success
was
abated
,
yet
three
thousand
Turks
were
slain
,
and
amongst
them
the
Bassa
of
Canea
,
and
Major
General
of
the
Janizaries
.
This
slaughter
for
a
while
greatly
discouraged
the
Turks
,
but
in
the
end
recovering
breath
,
they
made
a
strong
assault
upon
one
of
the
Forts
of
St.
Andrea
,
and
gained
it
,
pressing
on
to
the
Bastion
of
Sabionera
to
the
West
with
a
force
of
ten
thousand
men
having
the
advantage
of
three
batteries
,
each
consisting
of
then
pieces
of
Ordinance
,
and
the
next
night
gave
a
general
assault
with
all
their
Forces
to
the
Bastions
of
Panigra
,
Sabionera
,
and
St.
Andrea
,
together
with
the
great
Fort
of
St.
Demetrius
,
but
the
besieged
were
armed
with
all
caution
and
vigilence
against
surprize
,
and
with
that
conduct
and
valour
that
they
gave
the
Enemy
three
gallant
repulses
with
much
slaughter
and
confusion
,
but
yet
this
success
was
diminished
by
the
loss
of
the
Count
de
Maur
an
experienced
Venetian
Captain
,
who
after
proofs
of
an
invincible
courage
lost
his
Life
in
defence
of
the
Christian
cause
,
but
not
long
after
the
Marquess
Cornaro
and
the
Barron
Spar
arriving
with
a
recruit
of
three
thousand
men
,
as
if
they
intended
to
requite
the
Turks
last
assault
,
made
so
resolute
and
successful
a
sally
,
that
they
killed
about
two
thousand
Turks
,
amongst
whom
were
divers
Commanders
of
note
.
About
this
time
whilst
the
Grand
Signeour
was
at
Larissa
,
news
came
of
the
near
approach
of
the
Excelle●●ssimo
Abuisse
de
Molino
Ambassador
from
the
Venetian
Republique
with
Propositions
of
Peace
,
but
the
haughty
Turks
before
they
would
admit
him
to
a
nearer
approach
then
a
days
journey
,
would
first
be
resolved
whether
or
no
he
brought
with
him
the
Keys
of
Candia
,
to
which
it
was
replyed
by
the
Interpreter
,
that
he
was
not
capable
of
giving
them
satisfaction
in
that
particular
being
but
a
menial
Servant
,
to
whom
the
secrets
of
State
and
resolutions
of
great
men
were
not
committed
,
his
office
being
only
to
render
faithfully
the
words
and
sense
of
his
Master
,
and
not
to
enter
into
the
private
thoughts
,
and
Cabinet
of
their
Councils
.
To
which
the
Chimacam
proudly
and
barbarously
replyed
,
That
he
should
go
tell
his
Master
that
unless
he
brought
the
Keys
of
Candia
his
head
should
pay
for
it
,
and
that
he
presumed
not
in
person
to
approach
nearer
unto
the
Court
.
So
the
Ambassador
remained
at
a
distance
till
he
received
orders
to
pass
over
into
Candia
,
there
to
treat
with
the
Visier
,
who
weary
of
the
tedious
siege
willingly
gave
him
Audience
hoping
that
he
came
to
treat
about
a
surrender
of
the
City
,
which
in
any
case
he
desired
as
fearing
notwithstanding
his
bravadoes
he
should
be
forced
to
raise
his
siege
without
success
,
but
he
only
offered
Suda
and
a
considerable
summe
of
money
,
which
not
redounding
to
the
glory
of
the
Visier
,
by
reason
that
might
have
been
had
ere
the
War
began
,
he
would
come
to
no
agreement
,
for
the
Ambassador
insisted
that
Candia
being
maintained
by
the
Armes
of
Forreign
Princes
it
could
not
without
their
consent
be
surrendered
,
but
that
all
the
rest
of
the
Island
should
be
the
reward
of
their
blood
and
labour
,
and
although
the
Visier
afterwards
proposed
in
lieu
thereof
,
the
Venetians
should
have
free
Licence
to
rebuild
Paleo
Castro
,
yet
the
final
answer
of
the
Ambassador
was
,
that
Candia
was
capable
of
no
conditions
but
what
were
imposed
on
it
by
force
of
Armes
.
About
this
time
the
French
King
by
reason
of
the
many
indignities
put
on
him
in
the
person
of
his
Embassador
,
recalled
him
without
daigning
to
send
another
to
negotiate
his
affairs
at
the
Port
,
which
greatly
amused
the
Turks
,
as
judging
he
intended
to
revenge
the
affronts
received
at
Constantinople
upon
the
Ottoman
Forces
before
Candia
,
as
indeed
in
some
measure
he
did
,
and
might
have
been
the
preserver
of
that
important
Bulwark
of
Christenaom
to
this
day
,
had
not
the
Caprice
of
such
as
commanded
his
Forces
sent
there
obstructed
it
;
About
this
time
likewise
the
Earl
of
●inchelsea
Ambassdor
for
his
Majesty
of
Great
Brittain
,
having
had
his
Audience
of
the
Grand
Seignior
at
Salonica
returned
into
England
,
and
was
succeeded
by
Sir
Daniel
Harvy
.
Anno
1669
The
Turks
finding
a
great
cheat
through
their
Empire
by
light
and
false
Moneys
introduced
by
the
French
,
Dutch
and
Italians
(
for
in
Turky
the
Money
of
all
Nations
in
currant
to
a
certain
value
)
they
complained
to
the
Cadies
or
chief
Judges
,
who
with
the
consent
of
the
Grand
Seignior
,
called
it
into
the
Mint
,
allowing
no
more
for
it
than
it
was
in
true
value
,
to
the
infinite
loss
both
of
Turks
and
Strangers
,
and
soon
after
the
Grand
Seignior
being
greatly
fearful
that
the
people
growing
weary
of
his
Government
,
might
place
one
of
his
Brothers
in
the
Throne
,
to
secure
any
danger
that
way
,
sent
an
Officer
to
the
Queen-Mother
,
under
whose
Tuition
they
were
,
to
demand
their
heads
,
and
bring
them
to
him
at
Larissa
,
but
she
upon
sight
of
his
mandate
abhorring
the
Fact
,
secretly
gave
notice
thereof
to
the
Janizaries
,
to
whom
she
had
sworn
the
protection
of
the
Young
Princes
,
which
unexpected
News
blew
up
such
a
flame
as
had
like
to
have
turned
all
into
confusion
,
and
wrote
worse
effects
than
any
the
Grand
Seignior
had
before
causelesly
imagined
,
but
in
the
end
,
with
large
promises
and
larger
Donations
,
the
Tempest
was
alayed
.
Spring
approaching
,
the
Turkish
Army
which
for
the
most
part
had
layn
immured
all
Winter
,
twixt
the
Walls
of
earth
,
crept
forth
as
Worms
out
of
the
ground
,
and
again
began
to
run
their
Trenches
towards
the
Walls
of
Candia
,
before
which
Mountains
and
confused
heaps
of
rubbish
and
Mold
lay
,
which
had
been
thrown
up
by
the
Mines
and
Frencellos
,
which
so
loosned
the
nerves
and
pores
of
the
Earth
,
that
all
about
it
seemed
hollow
,
insomuch
that
light
appeared
often
out
of
one
Mine
into
another
,
which
gave
either
side
frequent
opertunities
of
stealing
ponder
out
of
each
others
Mines
,
the
Turks
like
Moles
working
still
underground
,
so
that
the
strongest
City
in
the
World
was
rather
reduced
to
extremity
by
such
as
knew
no
use
of
any
thing
,
but
of
the
Spade
and
Mattock
,
rather
than
by
force
of
Armes
,
for
many
were
of
opinion
that
all
the
Forces
of
the
Ottoman
Empire
could
not
otherwise
have
taken
it
,
by
this
means
being
so
near
advanced
that
their
Granadoes
could
easily
be
slung
into
the
City
,
they
did
great
mischief
,
wounding
and
killing
many
of
the
Prime
Commanders
,
and
beating
down
houses
in
abundance
,
when
amongst
the
rest
a
Cannon
shot
fell
into
a
Magazine
of
Fireworks
,
and
striking
upon
a
Granado
shell
that
was
filled
with
powder
fired
,
that
firing
about
a
hundred
more
,
containing
thirty
barrels
of
powder
,
which
beat
down
most
of
the
adjacent
houses
,
and
did
great
hurt
to
the
Garison
,
and
on
the
28th
.
of
May
the
Turks
sprung
5
Mines
in
the
mouth
of
the
breach
they
had
made
on
the
Fort
of
St.
Andrea
,
and
pressed
hard
to
carry
it
,
now
weak
and
almost
turned
into
a
heap
of
rubbish
,
which
caused
the
Captain
General
the
Marquess
of
Montburn
,
and
all
the
chief
Officers
to
take
up
their
quarters
on
that
side
.
The
City
of
Candia
thus
in
danger
,
the
Princes
of
Christendom
were
not
slow
in
relieving
it
,
but
above
the
rest
Pope
Clement
the
9th
.
Expressed
his
zeal
for
the
defence
of
this
place
,
not
only
sending
succours
himself
,
but
inciting
and
stirring
up
others
to
do
the
like
,
and
mostly
the
present
French
King
,
who
was
best
able
to
send
a
strong
power
,
who
was
not
wanting
to
comply
for
the
defence
of
the
Christian
cause
,
who
in
order
thereto
raised
seven
or
eight
thousand
foot
under
the
command
of
the
Duke
of
Beaufort
,
near
Kinsman
to
the
King
,
the
Duke
of
Navailles
,
the
Maresca●s
,
Lambert
and
Colebert
,
with
many
others
of
note
,
who
were
desirous
to
signalize
their
vallour
in
the
Field
of
Fame
,
who
imbarquing
on
the
Ships
for
that
purpose
prepared
at
Toulon
,
arrived
before
the
City
of
Candia
on
the
19th
.
of
July
,
where
fourteen
Venetian
carnals
laden
with
horse
attended
their
coming
,
on
which
they
were
mounted
,
and
now
began
the
hopes
of
the
besie●●●
to
rise
high
,
and
the
Turks
although
within
th●
City
in
a
manner
to
despair
,
nor
were
the
French
slow
in
entering
the
City
,
for
the
night
of
the
same
day
they
arrived
,
the
Duke
of
Navailles
with
the
Regiment
of
old
Souldiers
Mounted
the
guard
on
the
Fort
of
St.
Andrea
,
the
place
of
greatest
danger
,
and
the
next
day
a
council
of
War
was
called
,
wherein
it
was
concluded
that
the
Town
was
not
Tenable
,
or
to
be
long
maintained
without
some
extraordinary
Enterprize
attempted
on
the
Enemy
,
and
by
some
furious
sally
performed
with
resolution
and
stratagems
of
War
,
in
order
unto
which
it
was
resolved
,
that
the
27th
.
should
be
the
day
for
sally
both
with
Horse
and
Foot
,
an
the
Fleet
not
to
lose
their
part
in
this
action
,
but
should
play
their
great
Guns
on
that
side
next
St.
Andrea
,
making
as
it
were
a
Wing
to
the
Army
.
The
Sally
agreed
on
,
the
Army
was
drawn
up
in
four
Battalions
,
the
first
called
the
Admirals
,
commanded
by
the
Sieurs
Martel
Vander
and
Grauier
,
the
second
was
the
Vice-Admirals
,
commanded
by
the
Sieurs
de●la-Mothe
and
Planta
,
the
third
was
the
Rear-Admirals
,
under
the
command
of
the
Chevaliers
Bovillion
Gabaret
and
Dailly
,
the
fourth
was
the
Battalion
of
the
Sieur
d'
Almeras
,
commanded
under
him
by
the
Si●urs
Panetire
de
la-Rogne
,
Fontier
Bitault
,
and
the
Chevalier
de
Nemond
;
On
the
Left
hand
of
these
,
●●re
the
Guards
of
the
Duke
of
Beaufort
himself
,
though
thereto
perswaded
by
all
the
Nobility
,
not
refra●ing
to
make
one
in
the
Enterprize
,
who
after
he
had
given
order
for
the
Fleet
to
accoast
the
shoar
on
the
side
of
St.
Andrea
,
as
near
as
co●i●sted
with
their
security
,
and
from
thence
with
their
great
Guns
to
play
upon
their
Enemies
Camp
,
he
resolved
to
fight
at
the
head
of
the
Forlorn
hope
,
consisting
of
Four
Hundred
Men
,
preceded
by
Fifty
Granadeers
,
flanked
with
Three
Troops
of
Horse
,
Commanded
by
Count
Dampire
,
and
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
with
Four
Troops
of
Horse
for
their
Wing
flanked
with
Three
Regiments
of
Foot
:
The
reference
consisted
of
the
Regiments
of
Harcourt
,
Conti
,
Lignie●es
,
Rosan
,
Mont-Pesat
,
and
Vendosme
,
flanked
with
Four
Troops
of
Horse
under
the
Command
of
Count
Choiseul
,
which
placed
themselves
on
a
rising-ground
,
to
hinder
all
communications
between
the
Visier
,
whose
Camp
was
before
St.
Andrea
,
and
the
Janizaries
Aga
,
who
was
Incamped
before
Sabi●●era
▪
between
the
first
and
second
Line
were
placed
Fifty
of
the
Kings
Musquentiers
to
be
assistant
on
occasion
,
and
the
other
Troops
of
Horse
were
to
take
the
left
hand
along
the
Trenches
,
leading
to
the
Sabionera
.
The
Regiment
of
●●o●peyr●●x
was
appointed
to
mount
the
Guard
of
St.
Demetrius
,
to
second
the
retreat
if
occasion
required
it
;
in
like
manner
Five
Hundred
Pioneers
were
ordered
to
level
the
Trenches
of
the
Enemy
on
the
quarter
of
St.
Andrea
,
whilst
the
Body
of
the
Turks
Army
was
imployed
in
repulsing
the
violence
of
the
Sally
.
All
things
being
in
a
readiness
,
the
French
about
Two
hours
before
day
,
in
the
secretest
manner
imaginable
,
sallied
at
St.
Georges
Gate
,
the
Signal
to
fall
on
,
being
the
springing
of
the
Royal
Mine
,
which
through
the
Dampness
of
the
Powder
,
or
the
timerousness
of
the
Enginiere
,
took
not
effect
;
the
General
impatient
of
delay
,
not
staying
for
the
onset
of
the
forlorn-hope
,
which
lay
within
half
Musquet
shot
of
the
Enemy
,
assaulted
two
redoubts
,
took
them
,
and
put
all
he
found
in
them
to
the
Sword
;
with
the
like
courage
the
other
Regiments
entered
the
Line
,
and
after
much
blood
,
and
slaughter
,
made
themselves
Masters
of
the
Trenches
,
storming
a
Fort
,
on
which
was
a
Battery
,
directed
against
St.
Demetrio
,
possessed
themselves
of
it
,
〈…〉
up
all
the
Cannon
found
therein
,
at
what
time
day
appearing
,
discovered
the
bloody
Scene
,
which
caused
the
Turks
to
hasten
from
the
Hills
near
New
Candia
in
great
number
to
regain
their
Trenches
,
whereupon
the
Duke
D'
Navailles
perceiving
his
forlorn
hardly
beset
,
came
in
with
Two
Troops
of
Horse
,
and
two
Regiments
of
Foot
;
who
with
great
slaughter
beat
the
Turks
out
of
their
Trenches
,
following
the
Execution
even
to
the
heart
of
their
Camp
,
but
whilst
fortune
seemed
thus
to
favour
the
Christians
,
an
unhappy
accident
fell
out
,
which
quite
turned
the
scale
of
Victory
;
for
a
Magazine
of
Powder
,
containing
One
Hundred
Thirty
Four
Kintals
being
won
from
the
Turks
,
and
possessed
by
the
Christians
accidentally
,
or
as
some
suppose
,
by
lighted
Matches
purposely
dropped
into
it
;
upon
its
surrender
,
blew
up
with
such
a
terrible
noise
,
that
it
not
only
destroyed
most
of
the
Battalian
of
Guards
,
but
terrified
the
rest
of
the
Army
,
by
making
the
Earth
,
as
with
a
violent
Earthquake
,
tremble
under
them
,
that
they
verily
believing
a
great
number
of
Mines
were
springing
under
them
;
opened
in
great
confusion
to
the
right
and
left
,
and
in
the
end
,
notwithstanding
the
endeavours
of
the
Commanders
to
restrain
them
,
the
Souldiers
betook
themselves
to
open
and
shameful
Flight
,
nor
could
they
be
perswaded
to
rallie
,
or
once
more
face
the
Enemy
,
but
in
great
disorder
,
re-entered
the
City
.
The
Duke
of
Beaufort
is
said
to
have
laboured
much
in
resisting
the
shameful
flight
of
his
Men
,
and
ventering
his
Person
into
danger
,
from
whence
he
resolved
never
ingloriously
to
retreat
,
was
oppressed
by
Numbers
,
and
fighting
couragiously
amongst
the
thickest
of
his
Enemies
,
expired
on
the
heaps
;
but
by
reason
his
Body
,
though
much
sought
after
,
could
not
be
found
;
many
conjectured
him
to
have
perished
by
the
fatal
blow
of
Powder
,
which
so
frighted
and
disordered
the
Christian
Army
,
nor
had
the
French
Fleet
much
better
success
;
for
being
driven
from
shoar
by
a
strong
Wind
,
they
little
or
nothing
indamaged
the
Turks
,
but
received
considerable
dammage
for
a
great
Ship
of
Sixty
Brass
Guns
blew
up
,
in
which
Two
Hundred
Ninety
Two
perished
,
and
her
shot
passing
through
the
Admiral
,
killed
several
on
board
,
and
indamaged
other
Ships
,
by
the
fall
of
her
Timber
and
Splinters
.
The
Loss
the
Turks
sustained
is
uncertain
,
but
however
,
according
to
their
own
report
.
Eight
Thousand
are
said
to
fall
in
the
Trenches
,
Forts
,
and
Redoubts
;
the
loss
amongst
the
French
consisted
mostly
in
their
Nobility
and
Officers
of
note
,
a
fate
incident
to
that
Nation
,
the
chief
of
which
were
the
Duke
of
Beaufort
,
Count
Rosan
,
the
Marquess
D'
Fabert
,
the
Chevalier
Villereceaux
,
and
the
Chevalier
D'
Quelas
,
with
about
Twenty
others
,
all
Commanders
,
and
a
Thousand
common
Souldiers
,
many
of
note
were
likewise
wounded
,
the
Prisoners
taken
,
exceeded
not
Seven
or
Eight
,
the
chief
of
which
were
the
Sieur
D'
Bois
,
Dauphin
Son
to
a
Marshal
of
France
,
of
that
Name
,
and
the
Sieur
D'
Chateau
Neuf
the
first
for
his
youth
and
beauty
,
and
the
second
for
his
courage
,
being
afterwards
greatly
esteemed
by
the
Turks
,
and
both
entertained
by
the
Visier
with
more
generosity
than
ordinary
.
These
proceedings
so
amazed
and
discouraged
the
French
,
that
the
Duke
D'
Navailles
,
now
their
Commander
in
chief
,
could
not
be
perswaded
to
stay
any
longer
in
defence
of
the
City
,
but
pretending
the
Kings
express
command
for
his
return
at
a
time
prefixed
,
and
that
time
being
almost
come
,
notwithstanding
the
earnest
intreaty
of
the
Captain
General
;
he
withdrew
the
greatest
part
of
his
Forces
,
and
although
he
met
further
orders
that
injoyned
his
stay
,
yet
imbarquing
,
he
returned
to
France
,
where
for
his
Cowardise
he
was
forbid
approaching
the
presence
of
the
King
,
or
entering
the
per●ues
of
the
Court
for
a
considerable
time
.
The
French
thus
departed
,
the
Turks
took
courage
,
and
attacqued
the
quarter
of
Sabionera
,
and
St.
Andrea
,
where
putting
the
out-Guards
to
flight
,
they
advanced
to
the
Palisado
of
the
new
retrenchment
,
but
Vollies
of
Cannon
,
and
showers
of
Musquet-shot
,
with
quarries
of
stones
thrown
from
the
Engines
pouring
on
them
,
gave
a
check
to
their
proceedings
;
but
the
Candiots
perceiving
,
they
opposed
the
multitudes
of
the
Enemie
in
vain
,
with
one
voice
implored
the
Captain
General
to
surrender
the
City
that
was
not
Tenable
,
and
not
to
expose
them
to
the
fury
of
a
Merciless
Enemy
,
of
whom
the
Marquess
D'
Montbourn
taking
pity
,
and
finding
himself
too
weak
to
oppose
such
powerful
Forces
as
the
Turks
,
by
reason
of
new
supplys
had
in
their
Camp
,
they
as
it
were
already
having
possessed
the
main
strengths
of
the
City
,
he
assembled
a
Councel
of
all
the
Chief
Officers
both
in
the
City
,
and
those
that
belonged
to
the
Fleet
,
who
after
a
serious
consideration
,
concluded
that
the
City
could
not
by
force
nor
policy
be
much
longer
held
by
reason
of
the
small
number
of
the
Defendants
,
and
the
incroachment
of
whose
number
was
ten
to
one
;
whereupon
the
General
was
of
opinion
,
that
having
imbarqued
all
the
unnecessary
people
,
and
those
that
were
wounded
,
they
should
by
firing
of
Mines
lay
the
City
waste
,
and
so
leave
the
Enemy
a
bloody
and
inglorious
Victory
,
which
Noble
Resolution
was
seconded
by
several
other
Chiefs
,
but
in
the
end
it
was
agreed
that
a
treaty
should
be
had
with
the
Turks
about
its
surrender
,
the
which
after
some
debates
was
concluded
on
these
Articles
.
First
,
that
for
obtaining
a
good
and
lasting
peace
,
it
is
agreed
that
the
City
of
Candia
with
all
its
Cannon
which
were
planted
there
before
the
time
of
the
War
,
be
consigned
into
the
hands
of
the
Visier
.
Secondly
,
That
the
quiet
possession
be
given
to
the
Republique
of
Suda
Carabusa
,
Spina
Longa
,
and
the
Territories
thereunto
belonging
,
together
with
the
Fortress
of
Calissa
and
Dalmatia
.
Thirdly
,
That
the
Venetians
may
carry
away
all
the
Cannon
which
have
been
brought
into
the
Town
,
since
the
beginning
of
the
War
.
Fourthly
,
That
for
Imbarquing
the
Souldiers
,
Pioneers
,
and
Inhabitants
of
all
Qualities
and
Conditions
,
with
their
Arms
,
Provisions
,
and
Baggage
Twelve
days
shall
be
allowed
.
Fifthly
,
That
what
shall
remain
unshipped
,
at
the
end
of
Twelve
days
,
the
Visier
shall
with
his
own
Boats
assist
the
Lading
thereof
.
Sixthly
,
That
during
this
time
of
Truce
,
no
Person
whatsoever
shall
transgress
his
Limits
,
and
he
that
doth
,
shall
be
treated
as
an
Enemy
.
Seventhly
,
That
so
soon
as
those
Articles
shall
be
subscribed
under
the
White
Flag
,
all
Acts
of
Hostility
shall
cease
under
the
one
side
,
and
the
other
.
Eighthly
,
That
for
security
of
performance
of
these
Articles
,
Three
Hostages
be
mutually
given
on
the
one
side
,
and
the
other
.
Ninthly
,
That
for
better
assurance
,
that
the
Venetians
will
use
all
their
indeavours
to
imbarque
their
Men
;
The
Turks
may
imploy
two
Officers
for
Eye-Witnesses
of
the
same
.
Tenthly
,
That
for
Effecting
hereof
all
Ships
,
Galleys
,
and
other
Vessels
may
freely
approach
unto
the
shoar
,
and
enter
the
Port
,
either
day
or
night
.
Eleventhly
,
That
the
Venetian
Fleet
may
remain
at
S●andia
,
or
at
any
other
Island
in
the
Archipelago
,
until
such
times
as
they
are
dispatched
,
or
that
things
are
duly
prepared
for
their
departure
Twelfthly
,
That
all
Commissions
given
by
the
one
side
or
the
other
be
revoked
,
and
that
whosoever
within
the
space
of
Forty
days
shall
commit
any
Hostility
against
the
Tenour
of
these
Articles
,
shall
be
punished
with
capital
punishment
.
Thirteenthly
,
That
so
soon
as
an
Embassador
from
Venice
shall
arrive
at
the
Port
,
all
Slaves
and
Prisoners
taken
under
the
Venetian
Colours
shall
be
freed
and
released
.
Fourteenthly
,
That
what
Depredations
shall
be
made
at
Sea
or
Land
after
these
Articles
,
shall
be
subscribed
,
and
before
the
publication
thereof
,
shall
be
faithfully
made
good
and
restored
.
Fifteenthly
,
That
a
General
pardon
be
given
to
the
subjects
on
both
sides
,
who
have
acted
contrary
to
their
Faith
and
Allegiance
during
this
War
.
Sixteenthly
,
that
in
virtue
of
these
capitulations
,
the
former
Articles
be
confirmed
,
which
were
made
in
the
year
1571
,
and
that
no
Tribute
or
Present
be
demanded
by
the
Port
,
unless
such
as
has
formerly
been
payed
for
,
such
Islands
as
the
Venetians
hold
in
the
Archipelago
.
Seventeenthly
,
That
two
Copies
of
them
be
made
,
one
in
the
Turkish
Language
subscribed
by
the
Visier
,
Sealed
with
the
Grand
Signiours
Signet
,
and
another
in
the
Italian
Language
,
under-wrote
by
the
Captain
General
,
and
Sealed
with
the
Seal
of
the
Republique
of
Venice
.
These
Articles
being
signed
,
the
Hostages
were
given
on
both
sides
,
those
for
the
Venetians
were
Faustino
da
Riva
,
Lieutenant
General
,
Giovanni
,
Commissary
,
and
Zacar
a
Mocenigo
,
who
had
been
Duke
of
Ca●●●a
.
Those
on
the
part
of
the
Grand
Signiour
were
these
,
viz.
Belir
Assan
,
Bassa
,
Mahomet
Aga
of
the
Janizaries
,
and
Gurgi
,
Bei
,
Te●terder
,
or
Treasurer
.
During
this
siege
Three
Thousand
Eight
Hundred
Ninety
Five
Christians
were
killed
and
wounded
,
and
of
the
Turks
a
Hundred
and
Eighteen
Thousand
,
Seven
Hundred
Fifty
Four
.
The
Batteries
which
the
Turks
raised
against
the
Sabionera
,
and
St.
Andrea
consisted
of
Fifty
Nine
pieces
of
whole
Cannon
,
carrying
most
of
them
Bullets
of
a
Hundred
and
Twenty
Pound
weight
.
The
Storms
which
the
Turks
made
upon
the
City
,
were
Sixty
Five
.
The
Sallys
made
by
the
Venetians
Ninety
Six
.
The
Mines
and
F●rneli
sprang
by
the
Venetians
Eleven
Hundred
Seventy
Three
.
The
Combates
under
ground
Forty
Five
.
The
Mines
sprung
by
the
Turks
Four
Hundred
Seventy
Two
.
In
this
siege
the
Venetians
spent
Fifty
Thousand
Three
Hundred
and
Seventeen
Barrels
of
Powder
,
and
Bombies
of
all
sorts
,
from
Fifty
,
to
Five
Hundred
weight
,
Forty
Eight
Thousand
One
Hundred
and
Nineteen
.
Granadoes
of
Brass
and
Iron
One
Hundred
Thousand
,
Nine
Hundred
Sixty
Eight
,
Granadoes
of
Glass
Four
Thousand
Eight
Hundred
Seventy
Four
Cannon-shot
of
all
sorts
,
Two
Hundred
Seventy
Six
Thousand
Seven
Hundred
Forty
Three
Pounds
of
Lead
,
Eighteen
Millions
,
Forty
Four
Thousand
Nine
Hundred
Fifty
Seven
Pounds
weight
,
and
of
Match
Thirteen
Millions
twelve
thousand
five
hundred
weight
.
What
quantities
the
Turks
might
consume
of
Ammunition
is
uncertain
,
but
it
was
observable
that
the
Brass
taken
up
in
the
streets
,
which
came
from
their
Granadoes
and
Bombes
filled
a
Warehouse
imployed
for
that
purpose
,
and
was
afterward
sold
for
a
hundred
thousand
Crowns
.
Upon
these
Articles
Candia
was
surrended
the
news
of
which
coming
to
the
ears
of
the
Grand
Signiour
he
could
not
for
a
while
believe
it
,
till
he
had
a
further
confirmation
.
Yet
the
City
upon
its
delivery
was
so
ruined
,
that
it
seemed
rather
a
heap
of
confusion
,
then
a
place
to
dwell
in
,
nor
did
any
more
then
five
able
persons
,
and
some
that
were
so
aged
and
decrepit
as
were
not
fit
to
travel
,
stay
in
it
,
so
that
the
Turks
gained
this
sixteen
Acres
of
ground
,
for
no
more
was
that
famous
City
in
compass
,
with
inestimable
expence
of
blood
and
Treasure
;
yet
the
glory
and
fame
which
attended
it
being
the
consummation
of
five
and
twenty
years
,
of
which
the
last
siege
lasted
two
years
,
nine
months
,
and
seven
and
twenty
dayes
,
was
of
greater
value
to
the
Turks
,
then
any
other
consideration
,
and
may
with
time
prove
a
place
of
advantage
to
the
further
increase
of
their
Western
Empire
,
unless
the
Almighty
give
a
stop
to
the
progress
of
their
Arms.
The
News
of
Candia's
surrender
being
published
greatly
rejoyced
the
Turk
,
who
groaned
under
the
Taxations
levyed
for
the
maintenance
of
that
War
,
as
likewise
ridded
the
Grand
Signeour
of
a
great
part
of
his
care
insomuch
that
he
gave
himself
only
to
Hunting
and
dalliance
with
his
Sultana
,
who
had
born
him
the
first
Son
,
of
whom
he
became
so
inamoured
that
he
slighted
all
his
other
Women
,
contrary
to
the
custom
of
other
Sultans
.
Yet
having
notice
that
Sir
Daniel
Harvy
,
His
Majesty
of
Great
Britains
Ambassador
expected
his
Audience
,
he
caused
him
to
be
introduced
,
acknowledging
the
reverence
and
respect
for
his
Majesty
,
and
the
esteem
he
had
of
the
English
Nation
,
ordering
the
Capitulations
to
be
renewed
,
commanding
the
Chimacam
that
if
any
one
should
break
or
enfringe
them
that
he
should
cut
him
off
without
further
argument
.
But
as
to
the
renewing
the
Capitulations
the
Chimacam
falling
at
the
Grand
Signeours
feet
,
implored
,
That
that
particular
might
be
deferred
untill
the
arrival
of
the
great
Vi●er
,
whose
proper
power
and
act
it
was
to
make
War
and
Peace
,
and
therefore
for
him
to
meddle
about
capitulations
,
was
to
invade
the
Visiers
Authority
,
which
he
durst
not
do
without
putting
his
Life
in
danger
,
or
at
least
rendering
his
person
obnoxious
to
his
irreconcileable
displeasure
;
with
which
the
Grand
Signeour
being
satisfied
,
ordered
that
tha●
particular
should
be
referred
to
the
Grand
Visiers
the
renewing
of
which
was
reserved
for
the
〈◊〉
and
〈◊〉
of
Sir
John
Finch
,
who
succeeded
in
the
Embassy
a●ter
the
death
of
Sir
Daniel
Harvy
.
Anno
1670.
the
Grand
Visier
having
disposed
the
affairs
of
Candia
,
imbarked
for
S●io
,
where
having
stayed
some
dayes
revelling
in
all
excess
and
drunkenness
he
〈◊〉
into
a
surfeit
,
which
put
such
an
enmity
between
Wine
and
him
that
by
some
other
motives
exasperated
,
he
interdicted
the
drinking
of
it
upon
severe
penalties
throughout
the
Ottoman
Empire
.
The
Turks
generally
being
given
to
take
Opium
,
which
sort
of
drous●e
intoxication
they
for
the
most
part
hold
beyond
the
charms
of
Wine
,
but
this
prohibition
continued
not
long
.
The
Visier
passing
from
Scio
sailed
to
Rodesto
,
and
from
thence
to
Adrinople
,
where
he
was
received
in
a
manner
of
Triumph
by
the
Grand
Signeour
,
who
expressed
the
more
then
ordinary
satisfaction
he
conceived
not
only
in
the
conduct
of
his
affaires
,
but
that
he
was
safely
returned
from
a
tedious
and
bloody
War
.
About
the
beginning
of
the
following
year
the
Venetian
Ambassador
arrived
at
the
Port
,
to
settle
and
confirm
the
Treaty
,
as
to
the
establishing
the
Frontiers
in
Dalmatia
,
Albania
,
and
other
parts
of
the
Venetian
Territories
,
in
which
there
arose
such
disputes
between
the
borderers
on
either
side
,
that
some
skirmishes
happened
after
the
Articles
of
Candia
were
subscribed
;
The
Ambassador
being
introduced
with
all
due
ceremonies
,
complained
of
several
outrages
done
to
the
Subjects
of
the
Venetians
,
whereupon
commissioners
on
either
part
were
appointed
to
meet
between
Climno
and
Clissa
,
to
adjust
matters
as
they
saw
convenient
,
but
such
was
the
fury
of
the
people
that
without
regard
to
the
honour
of
the
Grand
Signeour
or
the
Senate
,
they
seized
upon
several
places
which
they
alledged
to
be
their
peculiar
Patrimonies
,
swearing
that
no
peace
made
to
the
advantage
of
their
Superiours
should
exclude
them
their
right
,
but
in
the
end
the
Turks
who
were
the
chief
Aggressors
were
put
to
flight
by
a
power
of
Venetians
sent
for
that
purpose
,
and
Vsuph
Bey
their
Commander
and
chief
perswader
to
the
infringement
of
the
Peace
was
slain
,
after
which
the
Commissions
were
granted
and
made
more
ample
then
formerly
,
for
determining
the
right
of
the
Signory
and
Empire
on
the
confines
of
Dalmatia
,
and
other
Countries
adjoyning
,
and
on
the
27th
.
of
July
,
conferring
in
a
Tent
set
up
for
that
purpose
,
after
much
debate
many
boundards
were
affixed
,
but
that
which
was
most
insisted
on
,
was
Verpogly
a
small
Fortress
on
the
top
of
a
Hill
once
belonging
to
the
Venetians
,
which
at
the
beginning
of
the
War
they
abandoned
,
as
costing
more
to
maintain
or
defend
,
then
the
value
or
consideration
of
it
,
which
the
Turks
possessing
averred
it
to
be
theirs
by
the
Law
of
Arms
,
arguing
strongly
,
that
any
other
Nation
might
have
seized
on
it
to
the
prejudice
both
of
the
Venetians
,
and
the
Subjects
of
the
Grand
Signeour
.
These
debates
had
like
to
have
created
new
Hostilities
,
but
Mamut
Bassa
dying
in
the
middle
of
the
Treaty
,
and
Chusaien
Bassa
commissioned
in
his
stead
,
who
was
of
a
milder
and
more
flexible
temper
,
difficulties
that
obstructed
a
conclusion
were
removed
,
and
on
the
24th
.
of
October
,
1671.
in
open
Divan
held
in
the
Campaigne
of
Salona
all
things
were
concluded
,
and
Coppies
of
the
Agreement
subscribed
and
interchangeably
given
.
And
in
this
manner
the
difference
about
the
confines
were
concluded
,
and
the
long
War
between
the
Venetians
and
the
Turks
ended
.
About
this
time
a
Turkish
Envoy
sent
to
the
French
Court
returned
,
bringing
with
him
an
Ambassador
from
the
King
called
Monsieur
de
Nointel
,
who
with
three
Men
of
War
and
a
Fireship
sailing
through
the
Hellespont
,
and
coasting
along
the
Propontis
refusing
to
salute
the
Seraglio
unless
he
was
first
saluted
,
a
nicety
not
required
by
any
Ambassador
before
him
,
which
not
being
granted
lay
off
at
Sea
,
as
being
refused
by
the
Officers
of
the
City
as
Ambassador
,
but
in
the
end
the
Visier
prudently
considering
that
for
a
meer
punctilio
it
was
not
covenient
nor
safe
to
exasperate
the
French
Nation
,
nor
thereon
to
ground
a
War
,
whereupon
he
gave
order
he
should
be
received
with
the
usual
Ceremony
,
and
conducted
to
his
Audience
,
nor
was
the
insolency
of
the
French
Souldiers
and
Sailors
who
committed
many
ourages
on
the
Coast
taken
notice
of
,
or
if
they
were
it
was
so
that
they
were
dissembled
,
and
although
whilst
the
Ships
lay
before
the
City
a
hundred
slaves
from
on
board
the
Turks
Gallies
,
and
out
of
the
City
escaped
by
getting
on
board
and
amongst
them
Monsieur
de
Peau-jeu
a
Knight
of
Malta
,
yet
that
was
likewise
dissembled
,
and
not
thought
a
sufficient
ground
for
War
with
a
Nation
whose
valour
the
Turks
by
fatal
experience
had
tryed
,
but
in
the
end
the
French
became
more
moderate
,
and
new
instructions
being
brought
the
Ambassador
by
a
man
of
War
,
he
passed
to
Adrinople
where
the
Grand
Signeour
was
gone
,
and
having
his
second
Audience
granted
,
his
first
being
had
of
the
Visier
,
he
desired
that
the
League
so
long
continued
between
his
Master
and
the
Ottoman
Princes
might
continue
,
and
that
the
capitulation
might
be
renewed
only
with
the
Alteration
of
the
customs
,
imposed
upon
his
Masters
Subjects
from
five
to
three
in
the
hundred
according
to
that
priviledge
which
the
English
and
other
Christian
Merchants
,
whose
league
and
Friendship
was
subsequent
to
theirs
,
but
after
many
delays
the
Visier
would
not
accord
,
but
referred
him
to
his
return
from
the
Wars
of
Poland
,
on
which
he
was
intent
,
which
disappointment
greatly
perplexed
the
Ambassador
.
The
Grand
Signeour
having
before
missed
his
design
in
making
away
his
Brethren
for
fear
of
the
Janizaries
,
now
in
their
absence
most
of
them
being
busied
in
the
Wars
,
renewed
his
resolution
and
under
pretence
of
Friendship
poisoned
Orcham
the
Eldest
with
a
bowl
of
Wine
,
though
some
affirm
he
was
strangled
with
a
Bow
string
,
and
that
ere
he
fell
he
killed
one
of
the
Executioners
,
but
howsoever
it
happened
he
was
made
away
,
whose
death
once
known
greatly
incensed
the
people
against
the
Grand
Signior
,
and
prevented
the
like
effects
on
the
other
Brother
.
All
other
matters
now
layed
aside
about
the
beginning
of
the
year
1672.
preparations
were
made
for
the
Polish
War
though
with
such
deliberation
as
expressed
an
unwillingness
thereto
on
the
part
of
the
Ottomans
,
who
having
experienced
the
force
of
that
warlike
Nation
moved
thereto
with
caution
.
Yet
their
motives
were
not
inconsiderable
,
but
such
as
thereon
a
War
might
be
grounded
not
only
for
the
continual
Piracy
of
the
Cossacks
on
the
Black
Sea
,
and
their
assisting
the
bordering
Princes
in
their
opposing
the
Turkish
Arms
,
and
the
little
regard
the
Polish
Ambassador
had
of
the
Port
treating
there
with
equal
grandure
,
and
assuming
a
Liberty
above
the
Ministers
of
other
Christian
Princes
,
and
now
they
lay
more
open
to
be
assaulted
by
reason
of
the
divisions
amongst
themselves
,
whereby
an
opportunity
offered
to
the
Grand
Signeour
to
oblige
the
Polonians
to
a
complyance
of
his
demands
,
yet
whilst
preparatians
were
making
on
all
hands
an
Ambassador
was
sent
to
the
Visier
,
he
advancing
with
his
Army
towards
the
frontires
named
Wisozski
,
a
Noble
man
of
Poland
presuming
upon
his
Power
and
Authority
argued
after
such
a
lofty
manner
,
and
in
terms
so
contrary
to
the
methods
of
an
Ambassador
,
that
the
Visier
much
incensed
dispatched
a
Chiaus
into
Poland
with
Letters
,
desiring
that
this
Ambassador
might
be
recalled
as
being
a
person
unable
to
mannage
matters
of
the
least
concernment
,
insinuating
that
if
they
supplyed
his
place
with
another
he
should
be
received
with
due
respect
,
and
a
plain
way
laid
opento
conclude
his
Negotiations
to
the
satisfaction
of
both
parties
.
Upon
notice
of
which
the
Ambassador
was
so
sensibly
touched
that
he
in
a
rage
sent
Letters
to
the
assembly
of
the
Polish
Nobility
to
certifie
them
that
he
was
not
only
debarred
of
the
allowance
usual
to
Ambassadors
but
also
was
imprisoned
,
both
of
which
(
though
untrue
,
for
the
former
he
refused
as
too
little
for
one
o0f
his
Character
,
and
the
latter
being
onely
his
confinement
to
the
City
of
Constantinople
,
by
reason
of
some
outrages
his
servants
committed
at
his
house
at
Pera
)
being
believed
kindled
such
a
flame
that
the
Poles
imprisoned
the
Turkish
Chiaus
,
and
ordered
that
all
the
Countrey
should
be
put
in
Arms
rendering
the
Visier
no
other
answer
then
that
when
their
Ambassador
was
set
at
Liberty
and
had
License
to
depart
,
the
like
should
be
done
to
theirs
.
Of
these
proceedings
the
Grand
Signeour
having
notice
was
highly
offended
immediately
ordering
that
Wisoski
should
depart
,
and
at
the
same
time
commanded
his
whole
Militia
to
rise
and
follow
him
to
the
Wars
,
fending
a
Sword
and
Vest
to
the
Tartar
Han
with
orders
to
unite
his
Forces
with
the
Cossacks
that
had
revolted
from
the
Poles
,
and
speedily
to
invade
Polonia
,
which
accordingly
he
did
and
incountering
near
Batowa
with
a
Body
of
Polish
Horse
,
under
the
command
of
Luzecki
Governour
of
Podolia
he
overthrew
them
,
which
was
the
first
bad
Omen
of
the
ill
success
of
this
unhappy
War
.
The
Grand
Signeour
having
raised
an
Army
of
one
hundred
fifty
thousand
men
marched
towards
Poland
already
sick
and
languishing
with
its
own
intestine
distempers
,
and
unable
to
contend
with
a
body
united
within
it self
.
The
first
enterprize
he
made
was
upon
impregnable
Fortress
of
the
Caminieck
which
had
so
often
baffled
the
Ottoman
Force
,
but
now
being
weakly
manned
unprovided
of
all
necessaries
,
and
despairing
of
Relief
,
after
fourteen
days
siege
surrendered
,
the
Garrison
in
it
submitting
to
the
will
of
the
Conqueror
,
which
opened
a
passage
through
all
Podolia
and
Volhinia
to
the
very
Walls
of
Leopolis
,
which
they
passed
over
rather
like
Travellers
then
Enemies
,
not
one
man
in
armes
appearing
to
oppose
them
delighting
and
sporting
themselves
in
those
the
most
fruitful
and
delicious
Countries
of
Europe
,
permitted
so
to
do
by
the
animosities
and
intestine
broiles
amongst
the
Nobility
,
who
being
divided
into
factions
,
reguarding
more
their
private
quarrels
then
the
safety
of
their
Countrey
,
now
ready
to
be
devoured
by
the
Infidels
,
and
indeed
it
has
been
always
seen
that
the
divisions
of
the
Christians
have
layed
the
foundation
of
the
Turkish
greatness
,
which
they
impute
to
the
merit
of
their
prayers
.
Yet
such
was
the
command
of
the
Grand
Signeour
,
that
no
Souldier
spoiled
or
outraged
any
person
,
which
so
far
won
upon
the
affections
of
the
Polonians
that
they
in
all
places
where
he
passed
submitted
,
and
put
themselves
under
his
protection
,
which
so
awakened
the
Nobility
,
that
a
Council
being
called
it
was
resolved
that
to
buy
their
Peace
,
and
be
shut
of
these
new
come
guests
.
That
the
King
of
Poland
should
quit
all
claim
to
the
Vkrain
,
Pedoli
,
and
Russe
land
.
That
Leopolis
and
the
Countrey
thereabouts
should
pay
a
Tribute
of
seventy
thousand
Dollars
a
year
,
and
all
other
Capitulations
formerly
made
to
stand
in
full
force
and
vertue
.
These
Articles
being
signed
the
Grand
Signeour
committed
the
Government
of
Veravia
,
and
Podolia
to
Dorosensko
General
of
the
Cossacks
,
and
the
defence
of
Cominieck
and
Chusaein
Bassa
,
with
a
Garrison
of
twelve
thousand
Janizaries
,
and
so
returned
to
Constantinople
dismissing
the
greatest
part
of
his
Army
,
poor
and
almost
naked
by
reason
of
their
being
restrained
from
plundering
.
About
this
time
Tripol●es
matined
against
Osman
Bassa
their
Governour
,
for
refusing
to
divide
amongst
them
such
booties
as
were
taken
by
Pyracy
who
thereupon
with
his
Friends
and
slaves
betook
himself
to
the
strong
Castle
,
but
in
the
end
was
strangled
by
his
own
slaves
,
and
the
gates
opened
to
the
Mutiniers
who
committed
all
manner
of
disorders
,
and
resolved
to
take
upon
them
the
same
form
of
Government
with
that
of
Argire
,
and
to
be
Governed
by
a
Dey
,
but
at
length
to
prevent
the
effects
of
the
Grand
Signeours
just
displeasure
,
it
was
resolved
to
send
their
Deputies
with
great
presents
to
the
Port
there
to
excuse
the
matter
,
and
to
crave
a
new
Bassa
,
aggravating
the
iniquities
of
the
old
,
all
which
with
some
difficulty
was
obtained
,
and
fair
weather
was
made
between
them
and
their
Lord
though
the
Bassa's
of
Tripoly
,
have
ever
since
been
rather
in
name
then
power
,
those
unruly
Pirates
doing
what
they
list
,
to
the
great
hinderance
of
Trade
,
and
blemish
to
the
Ottoman
Empire
,
who
living
by
Theft
and
Rapine
keep
peace
with
none
longer
then
stands
winh
their
advantage
.
In
August
died
the
worthy
Sir
Daniel
Harvy
His
Majesty
of
great
Britains
Ambassador
at
the
Port
,
and
soon
after
in
his
room
succeeded
Sir
John
Finch
.
The
League
the
Poles
made
with
the
Turk
was
not
long
observed
,
for
after
they
had
recollected
themselves
being
ashamed
of
such
inglorious
conditions
,
dealt
with
the
Cossacks
to
revolt
from
Dorosensko
,
who
had
ingaged
them
in
the
Grand
Signeours
interest
,
which
put
all
again
into
hazard
and
confusion
,
so
that
the
Grand
Signeour
was
obliged
to
give
over
his
pastimes
,
and
betake
himself
to
Armes
,
nor
was
the
unexpected
news
of
the
loss
of
the
Alexandian
Fleet
,
taken
by
the
Gallies
of
Malta
and
Corisaries
of
Legorn
less
unwelcome
news
.
The
Poles
incouraged
by
the
motion
of
the
Cossacks
notwithstanding
the
Articles
,
refused
to
pay
the
Tribute
agreed
on
,
which
by
their
Ambassador
they
certified
the
Grand
Signeours
Ministers
,
desiring
to
have
it
waved
,
but
the
Turk
surprized
thereat
more
earnestly
demanded
it
,
though
at
first
many
fair
words
were
used
but
they
not
prevailing
the
Grand
Signeour
gave
order
for
all
his
Forces
to
be
in
a
readiness
,
hanging
out
the
Tough
or
Horses
tail
,
and
ordering
his
Tents
to
be
pitched
in
the
Field
,
&
the
more
to
frighten
them
sent
a
Letter
filled
with
dreadful
menaces
agreeable
to
the
Turkish
stile
,
which
threatened
them
with
confusion
,
Sword
,
Famine
,
Fire
,
destruction
and
a
thousand
other
direful
punishments
.
Yet
was
not
so
forward
,
for
though
his
Army
was
imbodied
yet
that
Summer
they
only
passed
the
Danubius
,
and
the
ensuing
Winter
quartered
about
Silistria
,
that
they
may
terrifie
the
Poles
the
more
with
their
approach
,
and
for
the
diverting
the
French
Kings
Arms
from
being
serviceable
to
the
Poles
,
his
Ambassador
received
satisfaction
in
what
he
demanded
as
to
the
lessening
the
customs
and
allowance
of
Jesuits
and
Religious
Houses
in
Jurusalem
,
Galatia
and
other
parts
of
the
Turkish
Dominions
,
and
that
in
all
respects
the
subjects
of
his
most
Christian
Majesty
should
be
every
where
well
intreated
,
throughout
the
Ottoman
Empire
,
after
which
the
Ambassador
obtained
a
license
to
travel
and
take
a
view
of
the
Countrey
,
when
in
the
mean
while
the
Polish
Army
to
the
number
of
20000
horse
and
foot
were
advancing
from
the
Walls
of
Leopolis
under
the
command
of
General
Sobieski
,
and
Zircha
made
General
of
the
Cossacks
in
the
room
of
Dorisensko
,
joyning
with
a
party
of
Mascovites
and
Calmuck
Tartars
,
made
incursions
into
the
parts
about
Osac
,
the
news
of
which
so
amazed
the
Grand
Signiour
that
he
put
off
his
intended
march
to
Kemenitiz
,
and
again
endeavoured
to
oblige
the
Poles
by
fair
means
to
an
observation
of
the
Articles
,
and
satisfie
the
contents
therein
concluded
,
but
finding
them
averse
,
he
resolved
if
possible
to
compel
them
thereto
by
the
power
of
the
sword
.
The
Grand
Seigniors
forwardness
was
not
so
great
,
but
that
the
Poles
were
as
earnest
as
he
,
and
little
regarding
his
Menaces
resolved
to
be
the
first
Agressors
;
For
General
Sobieskie
having
increased
his
Army
to
the
number
of
Fifty
Thousand
,
boldly
passed
the
Niester
,
to
whom
soon
after
revolted
the
Prince
,
or
Vayvod
of
Moldavia
with
certain
Troops
of
Horse
and
Foot
,
for
that
the
Bassa
Chusaein
had
reproached
him
,
and
at
the
head
of
his
Troops
struck
him
with
his
Battle
Axe
,
and
the
Prince
of
Valachia
was
forced
into
the
Polish
Camp
by
his
Souldiers
,
but
he
soon
after
made
his
escape
,
and
was
by
the
Grand
Seignior
received
into
favour
.
The
Armies
now
approaching
,
and
the
Poles
having
had
exact
Intelligence
of
what
had
passed
in
the
Turks
Camp
;
The
Battle
was
begun
at
what
time
the
Prince
of
Moldavia
inspired
with
revenge
charged
furiously
upon
Chuseain
Bassa
and
wounded
him
,
requiting
thereby
the
wound
he
had
received
of
him
.
The
heat
of
the
fight
continued
for
the
space
of
fifteen
hours
,
in
which
none
behaved
himself
more
valiantly
then
did
Solyman
Bassa
the
Beglerbeg
of
Bosna
,
yet
having
that
day
six
horses
killed
under
him
,
and
finding
himself
overpowred
,
fled
the
Field
,
as
did
Chusaein
Bassa
,
the
Bassa
of
Sinas
and
Chidd-Ogla
,
but
he
in
flight
was
slain
,
and
the
other
three
Bassa's
wounded
;
The
Generals
of
the
Green
and
Yellow
Sangiacks
of
the
Spahies
were
taken
Prisoners
,
and
two
other
Principal
Commanders
of
that
Order
killed
.
The
Zagergeebassa
who
commanded
Eighteen
Chambers
of
the
Janizaries
was
likewise
taken
Prisoner
together
with
the
Standard
of
that
Order
,
and
of
them
Eight
Thousand
Five
Hundred
slain
,
all
the
Troops
and
Attendants
of
the
Bassa's
,
with
four
Sanzacks
were
slain
,
so
that
together
were
computed
to
be
slain
on
the
part
of
the
Turks
in
that
Battle
Twenty
Five
Thousand
Two
Hundred
Men
;
The
booty
taken
was
very
considerable
,
for
besides
the
ordinary
baggage
they
took
Two
Thousand
Purses
of
Money
,
newly
brought
for
the
payment
of
the
Souldiers
,
and
Twenty
Five
Thousand
Waggons
of
Provision
and
Ammunition
.
This
victory
thus
happily
obtained
,
the
strong
Fortress
of
Chotin
was
surrender'd
to
the
Poles
,
and
many
other
places
of
less
importance
,
for
the
loss
of
which
,
and
the
overthrow
of
his
Army
,
the
Grand
Seignior
was
so
highly
displeased
with
Chusaein
Bassa
,
that
he
caused
him
to
be
imprisoned
,
deprived
him
of
all
his
Estate
and
Honours
,
and
caused
him
to
be
layed
in
chains
,
denying
him
the
use
of
Physitians
,
or
any
others
,
unless
such
attendants
as
brought
him
necessaries
,
and
thus
was
this
proud
Bassa
,
who
but
a
while
before
Lorded
it
over
Princes
,
plunged
into
the
depth
of
misery
.
The
joy
of
this
great
victory
that
had
so
elevated
the
Poles
,
was
soon
damped
upon
the
death
of
their
King
,
who
departing
at
a
juncture
,
when
the
Enemy
who
by
this
time
had
recruited
,
was
at
hand
with
a
powerful
Army
,
and
the
Nation
not
well
settled
caused
divers
fears
in
the
people
,
yet
the
Army
not
to
be
idle
divided
into
divers
parties
,
and
in
the
depth
of
Winter
,
a
time
wherein
they
well
knew
the
Turks
would
not
travel
,
entered
Moldavia
,
blocked
up
Keminitz
,
and
brought
away
great
booties
,
spoiling
all
in
their
way
,
till
such
time
as
the
Spring
coming
on
,
the
Turks
with
multitudes
came
against
them
,
and
obliged
them
to
retire
,
at
whiat
time
the
Tartars
committed
divers
outrages
upon
their
Frontiers
,
carrying
away
much
People
and
Cattle
,
burning
and
destroying
all
before
them
,
the
which
though
it
incensed
the
Tartar
Han
,
yet
feigning
himself
sick
upon
some
displeasure
received
,
he
refused
to
take
the
field
in
person
,
though
the
Grand
Seignior
had
commanded
it
,
yet
that
that
might
not
obstruct
the
progress
of
the
Ottoman
Armes
,
the
Great
Visier
sent
him
his
own
Physitian
,
an
Italian
of
great
experience
,
who
found
him
overwhelmed
with
deep
Melancholly
,
but
with
Cordials
and
Medicaments
soon
raised
him
to
his
former
vivacity
.
Keminitz
all
this
while
blocked
up
,
was
by
the
approach
of
the
Turkish
Army
relieved
,
which
the
Visier
perceiving
,
caused
his
Troops
to
March
to
Chuozim
a
strong
Fortress
taken
by
the
Christians
upon
the
defeat
of
Chusaein
Bassa
,
which
was
retaken
,
and
the
Garrison
contrary
to
Articles
put
to
the
Sword
,
nor
durst
the
Muscovites
who
were
far
advanced
oppose
his
Forces
,
but
retired
before
them
,
leaving
Asac
dismantled
and
plundered
,
which
the
Turks
rebuilt
and
fortified
.
About
this
time
Mahomet
Bassa
being
made
at
the
instance
of
his
Favourites
Captain
of
a
Squadron
of
Gallies
,
plundered
and
harassed
most
of
the
Islands
in
the
Archipelago
,
which
raised
such
hatred
against
him
,
and
the
loud
complaints
of
the
people
being
arrived
at
Constantinople
before
him
,
he
at
his
return
had
his
head
stricken
off
,
and
all
his
ill
gotten
gains
confiscated
;
So
that
like
an
Indian
Cormorant
,
which
being
made
tame
,
and
taught
to
fish
for
the
benefit
of
his
Master
,
he
was
prevented
from
swallowing
the
prey
.
Hungary
being
torn
with
civil
dissentions
,
the
Male-contents
desirous
to
throw
off
the
German
yoke
sent
to
the
Port
,
desiring
to
be
taken
into
the
Grand
Seigniors
protection
,
and
to
become
his
Tributaries
,
which
made
the
Turks
hasten
to
settle
their
affairs
,
that
they
might
be
the
better
at
leasure
to
take
the
advantage
of
those
intestine
troubles
,
for
the
reducing
the
rest
of
that
spacious
Kingdom
to
the
Ottoman
obedience
,
and
the
better
to
secure
his
new
conquests
,
he
removed
a
part
of
the
Cossacks
with
all
their
substance
to
the
banks
of
the
Black
Sea
,
there
assigning
them
Lands
,
and
as
for
the
Armenians
and
Jews
that
dwelt
in
Reminitz
,
he
transplanted
them
to
Philopolis
,
Adrinople
and
Constantinople
,
giving
the
youngest
and
lustiest
of
either
Sex
as
a
prey
to
his
Souldiers
,
who
sold
them
for
slaves
throughout
the
Turkish
Empire
,
and
then
returning
with
his
Army
to
Adrinople
,
there
to
watch
all
advantages
,
he
soon
after
disbandoned
part
of
his
Asian
horse
as
chargable
and
troublesom
,
but
whilst
these
projects
in
State
were
broaching
,
great
differences
arose
between
the
Latin
and
Greek
Church
about
the
possession
of
the
Holy
Sepulchre
at
Jerusalem
,
which
had
been
so
possessed
by
those
of
the
Roman
Catholick
Religion
for
many
years
,
but
now
at
the
instance
of
Panajoti
the
Visiers
Interpreter
a
zealous
Greek
,
the
latter
were
preferred
,
and
after
a
long
controversie
and
much
Money
spent
,
the
Greek
obliged
the
Romanists
dwelling
in
those
parts
to
pay
them
tribute
for
such
places
relating
to
Religion
they
there
held
,
every
Fryer
paying
a
dram
of
Silver
yearly
to
the
Patriarch
;
So
that
now
the
Romanists
have
possession
neither
of
the
Chappel
of
Bethlehem
,
nor
of
the
Sepulchre
;
The
former
of
which
had
of
a
long
time
held
,
and
the
latter
as
earnestly
contended
for
.
The
Grand
Seignior
not
unmindful
of
the
affairs
of
Hungary
,
gave
order
to
the
Bassas
on
the
Frontires
,
secretly
to
incourage
the
Division
till
such
time
as
he
should
be
at
leasure
to
imploy
his
Armes
on
that
side
,
hoping
that
an
accommodation
with
Poland
would
insue
,
but
found
not
the
Poles
so
forward
therein
as
he
expected
,
for
the
Wars
still
continued
though
not
with
such
violence
as
before
,
which
gave
the
Grand
Seignior
leave
to
Solemnize
the
Marriage
of
his
Daughter
with
Rul-ogli
,
(
which
in
the
Turkish
Language
signifies
the
Son
of
a
slave
)
who
was
his
great
Favourite
and
Bassa
of
Magnesia
,
as
also
to
Circumcise
his
Son
,
the
former
being
17
years
of
Age
,
and
the
latter
12
,
to
solemnize
which
,
the
Festivals
were
appointed
on
the
16th
.
of
May
,
Anno
1675.
when
in
the
Morning
the
Grand
Seignior
with
the
young
Prince
his
Son
went
to
their
Tents
,
which
were
pitched
in
a
Plain
before
the
City
exceeding
rich
,
round
which
all
the
great
men
of
the
Court
had
their
Pavilions
placed
,
amongst
which
was
raised
a
stately
Throne
covered
with
a
Canopy
of
Cloath
of
Gold
,
placed
beneath
the
umbrage
of
two
Elmes
,
which
shining
with
many
Lamps
in
the
night
made
a
glorious
shew
,
and
in
this
Seat
of
State
the
Sultan
placed
himself
in
the
Morning
,
being
accompanyed
thither
by
all
the
Bassa's
then
residing
at
Constantinople
,
and
by
the
representatives
of
those
that
were
absent
,
who
according
to
their
degrees
kissed
his
Robe
,
and
in
silken
Purses
deliver
a
note
of
what
Presents
they
had
brought
,
which
were
put
into
the
hands
of
the
Treasurer
to
see
them
duly
received
,
opposite
to
the
Tents
were
several
Poles
fixed
,
on
which
by
night
many
Lamps
were
hung
,
giving
a
glorious
Light
,
by
which
were
exercised
several
tricks
of
activity
,
as
Wrestling
,
Dauncing
,
Singing
and
Comedies
,
Fireworks
there
were
in
abundance
,
but
not
effectually
made
;
The
Night
being
passed
,
in
the
Morning
the
several
Trades
passed
before
the
Tents
one
after
another
,
every
one
making
their
Presents
,
and
bearing
Pageants
,
Musick
all
the
while
sounding
,
after
whom
came
a
Cavilcade
of
all
the
chief
Officers
,
and
amongst
them
the
young
Prince
flaming
with
Diamonds
,
Rubies
,
and
other
precious
Stones
,
and
before
them
passed
Twenty
Four
small
Nachils
or
Pageants
,
and
two
large
,
one
higher
than
any
Ship-Mast
,
supported
by
a
Hundred
Slaves
,
and
were
afterward
set
before
the
Seraglio
.
On
the
27th
.
being
Mahomet
their
Impostor
Prophets
birth-day
,
the
Grand
Signior
went
publickly
to
the
Mosch
of
Sultan
Selim
,
with
no
other
Attendance
than
those
of
his
own
Court
,
his
Pages
richly
clad
in
Cloath
of
Gold
,
carryed
each
a
Feather
studded
with
Jewels
of
great
value
;
after
the
Grand
Signior
rode
the
young
Prince
,
who
that
night
was
circumcised
:
During
this
Festival
,
a
great
number
of
people
had
their
Provision
at
the
expence
of
the
Grand
Signior
,
and
about
Two
Thousand
being
at
that
time
circumcised
,
every
one
of
them
had
a
Quilt
given
him
with
a
Pension
of
three
Aspers
a
day
for
Life
.
The
Solemnity
of
the
Circumcision
ended
,
the
Festival
for
the
Marriage
of
Rul-Ogli
with
the
young
Princess
,
which
Ceremony
in
forme
and
manner
according
to
the
Turkish
fashion
was
thus
,
The
Kuzlier
Aga
or
Black
Eunuch
of
the
Women
was
Bridegroom
or
Compere
to
the
Princess
,
and
the
Lord
Treasurer
to
Rul-Ogli
,
both
which
in
the
Name
of
the
Bridegroom
and
Bride
went
before
the
Kedelescher
or
Chief
Judge
,
who
wrote
the
Articles
of
Marriage
,
and
passed
them
into
an
Act
,
which
done
,
the
Presents
were
sent
,
and
first
those
from
the
Bridegroom
to
the
Bride
,
which
were
a
great
number
of
Beasts
and
Birds
made
in
Sugar
,
Thirty
Mules
laden
with
two
Chests
of
Sweet-Meats
a
piece
,
and
about
each
of
their
necks
a
Sattin
Vest
for
the
Muliter
;
after
them
went
several
men
,
carrying
Pots
of
Sherbet
,
or
Water
and
Sugar
boiled
,
which
the
Turks
for
the
most
part
drink
;
next
,
a
Hundred
men
carrying
Vests
of
Silk
,
Sattin
,
Velvit
,
and
Cloath
of
Gold
,
then
five
Horses
laden
with
rich
Furniture
,
followed
by
men
,
bearing
Cloath
of
Gold
Vests
,
with
sable
Loops
richer
than
the
former
,
for
the
Loops
and
Buttons
were
imbroidered
with
rich
Pearl
,
and
on
the
top
of
each
were
a
Rubie
Diamond
,
or
Saphier
:
These
likewise
carryed
Shoos
,
Boots
,
and
Pattens
for
the
Bagneo
,
all
covered
with
Pearl
,
as
likewise
two
dressing
Boxes
with
Chrystal
Glasses
,
and
a
Cap
in
form
of
a
Crown
,
a
little
Cabinet
imbroidered
all
over
with
Pearl
,
Eight
Girdles
set
with
Emraulds
,
Rubies
,
and
Diamonds
,
a
large
Diamond
Ring
,
a
pair
of
Pendants
of
two
great
Emraulds
,
with
many
other
things
of
value
.
These
Presents
sent
by
the
Bride-groom
,
the
Grand
Signiour
,
as
his
Daughters
Dowry
,
according
to
the
custom
of
the
Eastern
Countreys
,
ushered
with
a
Caval-Cade
of
all
the
Grandees
sent
to
the
Bridegrooms-house
,
two
Gardens
made
of
Sugar
,
Forty
little
Nachils
,
Eighty
Six
Mules
laden
with
rich
Furniture
for
a
House
,
Ten
Men
with
dressings
,
as
Boots
,
Shoes
,
&c.
Imbroidered
with
Pearl
and
pretious
Stones
,
after
them
were
carryed
the
Jewels
set
on
Girdles
,
Bracelets
,
and
the
like
;
then
came
Twelve
Coaches
laden
with
Slaves
,
and
Thirty
Six
Black
Eunuchs
,
these
were
succeeded
by
a
Cavalcade
,
in
which
was
the
Bride
riding
in
a
Coach
covered
with
Plates
of
Silver
,
and
drawn
by
six
Horses
,
the
sides
adorned
with
Golden
streams
;
before
which
,
went
the
chief
Eunuch
of
the
Women
,
after
followed
four
Coaches
with
six
Horses
a
piece
,
each
carrying
two
Eunuchs
;
some
distance
from
them
,
came
the
Brides
Mother
in
a
Coach
covered
with
Plates
of
Silver
,
attended
by
Ten
other
Coaches
;
the
night
following
,
the
Bride
was
conducted
to
the
Nuptial
Chamber
,
in
Ceremony
only
as
not
being
yet
ripe
for
consummation
of
Marriage
,
though
in
England
of
late
,
the
Virgins
think
themselves
wronged
to
stay
to
her
Age
unmarried
.
The
Ceremony
thus
performed
,
great
was
the
rejoycing
demonstrated
by
Fire-works
,
Shews
,
and
sounding
of
Musical
Instruments
;
After
which
,
the
Grand
Signiour
on
some
private
considerations
,
though
to
the
wonder
of
the
whole
Court
,
removed
the
great
Treasurer
to
the
Bassa-ship
of
Grand
Cairo
,
and
appointed
the
Efendi
,
or
Judge-Advocate
of
the
Janizaries
to
succeed
him
in
the
Office
of
Treasurer
;
and
now
the
publick
Treasury
by
the
late
Wars
,
and
costly
Ceremonies
being
almost
emptied
,
divers
ways
were
used
to
recrute
it
with
Money
,
some
was
procured
by
the
Sale
of
great
places
,
from
which
those
that
would
not
largely
contribute
,
were
thrust
,
and
some
again
extorted
from
the
poorer
sort
,
whilst
to
save
charges
the
Sedentary
Millitia
was
abridged
in
their
pensions
,
and
some
utterly
cast
off
,
so
that
in
a
while
,
a
great
mass
of
Money
was
heaped
together
,
and
Forces
sent
to
the
Frontires
of
Poland
.
About
this
time
the
Republique
of
Genoa's
resident
at
Constantinople
,
for
want
of
that
due
Income
that
was
expected
to
accrue
by
Trade
,
contracting
large
Debts
,
and
having
several
debts
contracted
by
his
Predecessors
deceased
,
contracted
likewise
with
the
Turks
of
Constantinople
,
a
great
Man
of
War
that
brought
him
thither
,
upon
the
Republique
refusing
to
pay
,
was
seized
,
and
layed
up
in
the
Arsenal
,
nor
could
a
release
be
procured
,
till
Thirty
Three
Thousand
Dollars
,
part
of
the
contracted
Debt
was
payed
and
secured
,
which
so
discouraged
the
Genoways
,
that
it
has
ever
since
damped
their
Trade
in
the
Ottoman
Dominions
,
and
now
the
Grand
Signeour
moved
by
chief
Customer
resident
at
Smyrna
,
casting
his
Eye
upon
that
Scale
of
Trade
,
brought
him
in
great
Revenues
by
way
of
Custom
;
the
better
to
beautifie
it
,
and
restore
its
antient
Lustre
,
built
a
Basasteen
or
Exchange
,
as
likewise
a
Custom-House
Erected
on
Piles
in
the
Sea
,
sending
his
absolute
Decree
,
that
all
Merchants
Ships
should
there
unlade
,
and
make
due
enteries
,
which
greatly
perplexed
the
Merchants
,
who
before
were
wont
to
land
their
Goods
on
their
own
Keys
,
but
in
vain
was
their
complaints
,
for
the
Grand
Signiour
would
not
admit
of
any
reversal
,
but
by
his
Ralya
declared
that
rather
than
he
would
be
disobeyed
in
his
own
Dominions
,
he
would
blow
up
the
Port
and
Town
,
upon
which
answer
the
Merchants
despairing
of
success
,
were
content
to
unlade
their
Ships
at
the
Custom-House
,
or
there
to
make
a
true
Entery
of
the
Goods
in
their
Boats
;
for
the
Customer
being
sensible
that
there
was
not
water
enough
for
the
Ships
to
ride
at
the
Key
,
was
content
to
dispense
with
divers
matters
that
the
Innovation
might
sit
more
easie
on
the
Merchants
.
Things
being
at
this
pass
,
the
Grand
Signior
after
sixteen
years
absence
from
Constantinople
,
which
had
rendered
that
City
almost
dispeopled
,
returned
thither
to
the
great
Joy
of
the
Constantinopolitans
,
and
frequently
took
his
pleasure
on
the
River
in
his
Barge
,
or
on
the
Bosphorus
in
his
Galley
,
strictly
commanding
that
no
Christian
Minister
should
be
suffered
to
dwell
upon
the
Banks
of
the
latter
,
a
prohibition
never
before
made
by
any
of
his
Predecessors
,
when
soon
after
his
arrival
,
the
Captain
Bassa
dyed
,
and
Zayd
Ahmet
Bassa
Ogli
succeeded
him
,
and
soon
after
Ibrahim
,
Bassa
General
of
the
Forees
on
the
Borders
of
Poland
dyed
,
nor
was
the
great
Visier
far
from
the
Brink
of
the
Grave
,
by
reason
of
his
immoderate
drinking
of
Wine
and
Strong-Waters
,
which
made
him
incident
to
the
Dropsie
and
Jaundice
.
The
new
Bassa
of
Cairo
by
this
time
having
entered
on
his
Office
,
used
great
diligence
to
settle
the
Revenues
of
that
Kingdom
,
hoping
thereby
to
please
the
Grand
Signior
,
of
whose
favour
since
his
removal
from
Treasurer
,
he
stood
doubtful
,
but
so
severe
he
was
in
his
Exaction
,
that
the
Egyptians
not
accustomed
to
be
so
used
,
complained
of
his
rigour
to
the
Begs
or
great
Lords
of
Egypt
,
who
though
they
receive
the
Turkish
Bassas
,
pay
Tribute
,
and
own
them
their
chief
Governours
,
yet
are
They
in
themselves
Absolute
Lords
in
their
respective
Provinces
;
for
that
Kingdom
is
rather
an
Aristocracy
,
than
a
Monarchy
.
These
great
Men
much
displeased
at
the
proceeding
of
the
Bassa
,
which
tended
to
Tyranny
and
Oppression
,
took
up
Arms
,
and
drew
after
them
a
great
multitude
,
with
which
they
assaulted
the
Bassa's
palace
,
entered
it
,
and
dragging
him
thence
,
cast
him
into
Prison
,
which
news
flying
with
all
haste
to
the
Ottoman
Court
,
filled
all
with
fear
and
confusion
,
upon
apprehension
that
Egypt
was
revolted
;
but
a
while
after
the
truth
of
the
matter
being
rightly
understood
,
the
Grand
Signior
with
all
speed
sent
a
new
Bassa
with
gentle
Letters
to
pacifie
the
Begs
,
and
restore
things
to
their
former
tranquility
;
promising
that
restitution
should
be
made
for
all
injuries
sustained
,
which
message
of
Grace
and
Favour
made
all
former
discontents
vanish
,
and
restored
a
right
understanding
,
insomuch
,
that
the
imprisoned
Bassa
was
set
at
Liberty
,
and
shipped
to
Candia
,
where
the
Grand
Signiour
had
appointed
him
Governour
;
the
people
without
any
further
disturbance
returning
to
their
obedience
.
About
this
time
happened
the
unfortunate
fall
of
Chesine
Aga
,
a
man
of
great
repute
amongst
the
Turks
,
which
was
after
this
manner
,
a
woman
called
Sultana
Sporche
,
with
which
Sultan
Ibrahim
had
had
to
do
with
her
in
her
youth
;
being
now
turned
Baud
,
bought
many
beautiful
Female
Slaves
,
which
she
brought
up
to
Singing
,
Dancing
,
and
many
other
Exercises
,
and
then
for
money
,
yielded
them
up
to
the
Lust
of
the
Great
Men
of
the
Court
;
one
amongst
which
for
her
Wit
and
Beauty
being
greatly
famed
,
the
Grand
Signior
sent
for
her
,
but
the
Sultana
fearing
to
loose
her
,
by
whom
she
got
dayly
gain
,
and
doubting
the
Grand
Signiour
would
put
her
into
his
Seraglio
,
admonished
her
to
a
sullen
coyness
,
as
likewise
to
declare
that
she
was
a
free-woman
,
which
by
the
Turkish
Law
ought
not
to
be
defiled
,
nor
carnally
know
any
man
,
unless
she
be
married
;
which
part
she
played
so
well
,
that
the
Grand
Signior
sent
her
back
with
disdain
and
reproach
to
her
Mistress
,
who
was
not
a
little
glad
of
her
escape
;
but
so
it
happened
,
that
the
aforesaid
Aga
soon
after
casting
his
Eyes
on
her
,
and
delighted
with
her
quaint
Discourse
,
fell
inamour'd
with
her
,
and
treated
of
Marriage
,
which
the
Wench
highly
approved
,
but
her
Mistress
would
in
no
wise
consent
to
it
,
declaring
that
she
was
her
Bond-woman
,
and
not
at
her
own
disposal
,
which
for
a
time
put
a
stop
to
the
proceedings
;
but
soon
after
the
Lover
contrived
away
to
bring
their
designs
to
pass
,
for
the
Aga
having
taken
her
private
Lodgings
,
she
under
the
shelter
of
the
night
made
her
escape
,
but
upon
her
being
missed
,
her
Beldame
charged
him
with
conveying
away
,
and
concealing
her
slave
,
which
he
for
a
while
denyed
;
but
she
setting
many
spies
over
him
,
at
length
found
them
together
,
and
charging
an
Officer
with
them
,
caused
them
to
be
carryed
before
the
Great
Visier
,
who
sent
to
the
Grand
Signior
to
know
his
pleasure
therein
,
of
which
the
Aga
having
some
mistrust
,
told
the
Visier
that
he
expected
no
other
sentence
then
that
of
Death
from
the
Grand
Signior
,
only
he
desired
that
his
beloved
Mistress
might
be
spared
,
for
he
was
sure
he
should
live
in
her
;
nor
were
his
fears
in
vain
,
for
soon
after
came
a
fatal
Decree
for
his
Execution
,
and
sent
the
Woman
to
the
Seraglio
This
cruelty
of
the
Sultans
as
most
conjectur'd
,
proceeded
from
the
disdain
,
he
conceived
that
the
Wench
should
refuse
his
proffered
kindness
,
and
imbrace
the
love
of
his
Slave
,
for
such
the
Sultans
account
the
greatest
men
in
the
Empire
.
The
Grand
Signior
having
spent
most
part
of
the
Winter
at
Constantinople
,
early
in
the
Spring
returned
to
Adrinople
,
though
the
better
to
comfort
the
Constantinopolitans
,
who
by
reason
of
the
sensible
decay
of
Trade
that
must
thereon
insue
,
mourned
his
absence
;
he
presumed
about
Autumn
to
return
again
,
and
for
his
reception
caused
a
new
Seraglio
to
be
founded
,
and
so
setting
forward
,
accompanied
with
a
great
train
of
Nobility
,
and
amongst
the
rest
,
the
great
Visier
,
he
marched
towards
Constantinople
,
but
by
the
way
the
Visier
dyed
,
having
destroyed
himself
by
intemperate
drinking
Wine
and
Hot
Spirits
,
his
Body
accompanied
with
a
slender
Train
,
was
brought
back
to
Constantinople
,
and
there
buryed
in
the
Sepulchre
of
Old
Ruperlee
his
Father
.
The
Great
Visier
dead
,
the
Seal
was
given
to
Kara
Mustapha
,
Bassa
,
who
for
many
years
had
exercised
the
Office
of
Chimacam
,
or
Deputy
to
the
Great
Visier
,
being
a
Man
of
courteous
behaviour
,
wise
and
affable
,
not
given
to
Covetousness
nor
Cruelty
,
but
as
soon
as
he
was
promoted
,
he
sent
to
the
deceased
Visiers
Servants
to
condole
the
Death
of
their
Master
,
promising
them
to
take
them
into
his
care
and
protection
;
most
of
which
he
afterwards
promoted
to
Honourable
places
,
to
such
advantage
,
that
by
their
dependency
on
him
,
they
secured
both
him
and
themselves
from
the
malice
of
such
as
envyed
the
advancement
:
Long
he
had
not
been
setled
in
his
place
,
e're
he
cut
off
the
Chief
Pay-Masters
head
for
bringing
false
Money
into
the
Exchequer
,
and
had
given
another
the
same
measure
,
had
not
his
Life
been
redeemed
at
Forty
Purses
of
Money
,
or
Twenty
Thousand
Dollars
,
though
thereby
his
place
was
not
regained
,
nor
was
diligence
less
in
looking
after
the
corruption
of
Ministers
of
State
,
displacing
and
deposing
all
such
as
he
sound
remiss
in
their
duty
,
or
that
for
lucre
or
gains-sake
oppressed
any
of
the
Grand
Signiours
Subjects
,
or
such
strangers
as
traded
in
any
part
of
his
Dominions
.
But
by
the
Example
of
this
man
it
may
be
seen
how
Power
and
Greatness
can
alter
the
disposition
of
Men
,
and
make
them
swell
with
Pride
almost
to
bursting
,
for
finding
the
Reins
on
his
neck
,
without
restraint
,
he
took
upon
him
the
Power
and
Office
of
the
Sultan
,
it
being
more
difficult
to
gain
access
to
him
,
than
to
the
Sultan
himself
,
and
in
imitation
of
their
Master
,
the
sub-Officers
grew
proud
and
insolent
;
insomuch
,
that
the
face
of
things
,
contrary
to
most
mens
expectations
were
changed
;
and
this
haughty
behaviour
was
shewed
especially
towards
forraign
Ministers
,
whose
Interpreters
were
not
admitted
as
formerly
to
private
Audiences
or
Conferences
about
their
Affairs
,
but
only
at
the
publick
Divan
where
their
Arzes
or
Memorials
were
to
be
preferred
,
which
was
always
allowed
to
the
Subjects
of
the
Grand
Signiour
,
and
those
of
Tributary
Nations
,
when
they
Petition
for
Justice
;
which
Judgment
was
not
only
cast
upon
interpreters
,
but
on
the
persons
of
the
representatives
themselves
;
an
instance
of
which
was
seen
in
the
French
Embassador
,
who
at
the
time
appointed
coming
to
receive
his
Audience
,
was
rudely
crouded
and
jostled
by
a
company
of
unmannerly
Chiauses
,
who
regarded
the
representative
of
so
great
a
King
at
no
other
rate
than
they
did
one
of
the
Grooms
,
or
Laquies
of
the
Sultan
.
Being
come
to
the
Seat
of
Audience
,
he
perceived
the
Stool
set
for
him
,
was
set
beneath
the
Soffra
,
and
that
of
the
Visiers
upon
it
;
whereupon
he
commanded
one
of
his
Servants
to
place
it
equal
with
that
of
the
Great
Visiers
,
which
he
had
no
sooner
done
,
but
it
was
brought
down
again
by
one
of
the
Visiers
Pages
,
whereupon
the
Embassador
seizing
the
Stool
,
carryed
it
up
and
sat
upon
it
.
The
report
whereof
coming
to
the
Visier
,
who
was
in
his
retiring
Chamber
,
he
sent
word
that
he
would
not
come
into
the
Chamber
of
Audience
till
the
Stool
was
set
in
the
place
appointed
,
whereunto
the
Embassador
replyed
that
he
might
dispose
of
his
Chair
as
he
pleased
,
but
not
of
his
Person
,
when
in
the
interim
Chiaus
Bashe
came
in
bauling
Calder
,
Calder
,
which
is
take
it
away
,
take
it
away
;
at
which
unexpected
noise
the
Embassador
standing
up
to
see
what
the
matter
was
,
had
the
stool
taken
from
under
him
;
whereupon
he
in
a
great
rage
flung
out
of
the
Audience
Chamber
,
causing
the
Presents
which
he
brought
to
be
again
returned
with
him
,
and
so
mounting
his
Horse
,
departed
to
his
Lodging
.
Soon
after
it
was
by
some
of
the
Officers
intimated
to
Sir
John
Finch
,
His
Majesty
of
Great
Britains
Embassador
,
that
he
might
if
he
pleased
,
receive
Audience
of
the
Visier
;
but
upon
notice
what
had
happened
to
the
French
Embassador
,
he
excused
his
going
,
on
pretence
of
an
indisposition
of
body
:
But
however
Venetian
,
Dutch
and
Genoan
Residents
were
content
(
the
better
to
curry
favour
with
the
Visier
)
to
be
admitted
to
Audience
on
those
terms
which
the
Visier
would
vouchsafe
to
allow
them
;
for
though
during
the
time
,
he
was
Chimacam
,
as
is
aforesaid
;
he
was
meek
and
humble
,
yet
being
placed
in
the
highest
dignity
next
the
Sultan
,
the
unexpected
Exaltation
made
him
so
far
forget
himself
,
that
his
pride
knew
no
bounds
.
These
things
happening
,
and
no
hopes
of
accomodation
with
Poles
,
who
by
this
time
had
Elected
Sobieski
for
their
King
,
great
preparations
were
made
for
the
carrying
on
that
War
.
The
Tartar
,
Han
,
in
order
thereto
receiving
express
command
to
take
the
Field
,
which
early
in
the
Spring
he
did
,
and
entering
Lithuania
,
committed
many
outrages
,
but
being
incountered
by
Sixteen
Thousand
Poles
,
and
Cossacks
his
Army
was
put
to
the
rout
,
and
in
great
confusion
obliged
to
repass
the
Neister
,
leaving
behind
him
all
the
booty
,
which
consisted
mostly
of
People
and
Cattle
,
during
which
,
the
Bassa
of
Kemenitz
,
with
a
great
Body
of
Horse
made
an
Inroad
even
to
the
Walls
of
Leopolis
,
which
caused
the
King
to
send
his
Queen
and
Children
to
Cracow
,
resolving
to
give
the
Turks
Battle
,
and
in
order
to
strengthning
his
Forces
,
summoned
all
the
Polish
Nobility
to
repair
to
his
Standard
,
putting
himself
and
such
Troops
as
he
had
between
the
City
and
the
Enemy
,
the
better
to
alienate
the
fears
of
the
people
,
who
upon
the
approach
of
the
Turks
,
who
burnt
up
all
before
them
,
had
fled
,
and
left
the
City
desolate
,
had
not
the
Gates
been
closed
upon
them
.
The
Turks
perceiving
the
great
preparations
that
were
making
against
them
,
thought
fit
with
such
booty
as
they
had
gotten
to
retire
into
Vckrania
,
but
in
their
retreat
were
charged
by
the
King
with
such
bravery
,
that
Seven
Thousand
of
them
were
killed
,
and
a
great
number
of
Captives
rescued
to
their
unspeakable
joy
.
They
finding
the
Turks
were
resolutely
bent
to
carry
on
the
War
,
and
that
the
Kingdom
was
greatly
weakned
by
the
Provinces
they
had
already
rent
from
it
,
the
better
to
strengthen
himself
by
Alliance
,
by
the
Advice
of
the
Senate
,
sent
his
Embassador
to
the
Court
of
the
Czar
of
Moscovy
,
to
solicite
Aid
against
the
common
Enemy
,
who
upon
his
arrival
was
received
with
great
expression
of
Joy
,
and
due
Ceremony
being
dayly
heightened
with
fair
promises
to
expect
great
matters
,
but
in
the
end
,
nothing
worth
mention
came
on
it
,
yet
it
so
wrought
upon
the
Turks
,
that
for
the
better
preservation
of
what
they
had
already
required
the
Visier
began
to
be
intent
on
peace
,
but
his
propositions
were
so
unreasonable
,
that
the
Poles
generously
refused
them
,
and
early
in
the
Spring
prepared
to
take
the
Field
with
a
puissant
Army
,
yet
could
not
so
soon
draw
them
together
,
but
that
the
Tartars
living
on
the
Frontires
,
joyning
with
some
,
revolted
Cossacks
,
committed
divers
out-rages
,
burning
about
Two
Hundred
Villages
,
carrying
away
a
great
number
of
Christians
into
miserable
captivity
,
whilst
Podolia
groaned
under
the
oppression
of
the
Turks
,
who
now
turned
their
clemency
into
rigour
,
killing
and
carrying
away
great
numbers
of
these
distressed
people
,
burning
their
Houses
,
and
robbing
them
of
the
small
matter
they
had
left
in
such
a
manner
that
that
fruitful
Countrey
was
layd
almost
desolate
;
to
oppose
which
Torrent
,
the
King
drew
out
his
Forces
and
by
fair
promises
and
large
gifts
procured
Thre●
Thousand
Cossacks
to
joyn
him
when
passing
th●
Neister
,
and
falling
upon
the
Straglers
as
they
at
pleasure
were
ravaging
the
Countrey
,
expecting
no
such
matter
,
and
killed
Five
Thousand
,
amongst
whom
fell
One
Bassa
and
Two
Sanziacks
;
but
upon
notice
the
Tartars
in
great
number
was
entered
the
heart
of
Poland
,
leaving
some
of
his
Troops
under
the
Command
of
Witnowitzki
,
his
Lieutenant
General
,
he
posted
to
oppose
them
,
but
upon
notice
they
were
Forty
Thousand
lead
by
Expert
Turkish
Commanders
;
he
drew
near
to
Leopolis
to
encourage
that
City
,
which
otherwise
terrified
at
the
approach
of
so
great
an
Army
might
have
been
deserted
,
when
finding
the
Tartars
made
divers
halts
,
having
put
a
Garrison
into
the
City
,
and
given
such
necessary
orders
as
he
thought
convenient
,
he
marched
towards
them
,
and
having
notice
by
his
Scouts
that
they
approached
,
he
commanded
his
Army
to
extend
large
in
Front
,
and
the
Wings
of
Horse
to
lie
off
,
that
they
might
seem
more
in
number
than
they
were
;
he
resolutely
descended
from
a
small
Hill
into
the
Plain
,
and
after
having
thrice
proclaimed
the
Name
of
Jesus
at
the
Head
of
his
Troop
,
fell
like
an
unexpected
Tempest
upon
the
Infidels
,
insomuch
that
the
Front
of
their
Army
was
overthrown
,
before
the
Rear
could
come
up
to
their
assistance
;
which
putting
them
into
a
great
confusion
,
when
perceiving
the
reserves
advance
to
charge
them
in
the
flank
,
and
supposing
the
whole
power
of
the
Kingdom
at
hand
,
by
reason
of
great
shout
from
the
Hills
made
by
the
Rustick
,
set
there
for
that
purpose
;
they
first
gave
back
,
and
in
the
end
betook
themselves
to
plain
flight
,
casting
away
many
of
their
Arms
and
Baggage
to
make
the
swifter
retreat
,
upon
whom
the
Polonian
Horsemen
followed
hard
,
making
great
slaughter
of
them
for
the
space
of
Twelve
Miles
;
but
night
coming
on
,
to
prevent
the
pursuers
from
falling
into
any
ambush
that
might
for
that
purpose
be
layed
,
the
King
caused
the
retreat
to
be
sounded
,
and
returning
to
the
City
Victorious
,
he
was
received
with
all
expressions
of
joy
,
and
the
next
day
commanded
a
publick
Thanksgiving
for
the
Victory
so
miraculously
obtained
.
In
this
Battle
Ninety
Thousand
Tartars
,
Turks
,
Moldavians
and
Valachians
were
slain
,
Seven
Hundred
taken
Prisoners
,
and
a
great
booty
recovered
;
of
the
Poles
fell
only
Seven
Hundred
,
their
whole
Force
not
exceeding
Six
Thousand
.
The
reasons
were
gathered
from
some
of
the
Prisoners
why
the
Tartars
,
&c.
were
so
suddenly
discouraged
,
were
two
,
first
for
that
about
ten
in
the
Morning
of
the
same
day
making
a
Halt
,
abundance
of
Snow
and
Hail
fell
upon
their
Army
,
and
round
about
them
none
was
seen
to
fall
,
which
they
took
as
a
bad
Omen
.
Secondly
,
that
when
they
perceived
the
large
Front
of
the
Polish
Army
which
extended
near
a
Mile
;
they
verily
believed
it
to
be
the
fore-runner
of
the
Forces
of
the
whole
Kingdom
,
which
they
had
heard
were
in
Arms
,
and
therefore
having
so
far
advanced
into
the
Countrey
,
and
left
many
Enemies
at
their
backs
,
they
feared
to
be
inclosed
,
which
occasioned
their
hasty
and
disorderly
retreat
.
These
reiterated
Losses
,
and
the
desire
the
Grand
Signior
had
to
possess
himself
of
the
rest
of
Hungary
,
whose
divisions
gave
him
a
prospect
of
reducing
it
to
his
Obedience
,
made
him
more
willingly
hearken
to
the
proposals
of
the
Polish
Embassador
,
so
that
in
the
end
,
upon
much
the
same
Articles
as
those
that
had
before
been
broke
,
the
Tribute
accepted
,
a
peace
was
concluded
,
in
which
the
Moscovite
would
fain
have
been
included
,
but
he
failing
to
help
his
Neighbour
Prince
in
his
greatest
Extremity
,
was
thought
unworthy
both
by
the
Poles
and
Turks
;
insomuch
,
that
soon
after
divisions
arising
amongst
the
Bowyers
,
and
great
Men
of
that
Dukedom
;
the
Tartars
taking
the
opportunity
thereof
,
over-run
a
great
part
of
the
Countrey
,
carrying
away
all
that
came
to
hand
;
but
another
party
soon
after
attempting
the
like
,
were
fought
with
,
and
most
of
them
cut
off
,
or
drowned
in
repassing
the
Borysthenes
.
About
this
time
the
differences
between
the
Visier
and
the
French
Embassador
greatly
encreased
,
notwithstanding
the
mediation
of
divers
Christian
Ministers
then
residing
at
the
Port.
The
one
Insisting
to
take
his
place
during
his
Audience
on
the
Saffora
,
and
the
other
as
obstinately
refusing
to
permit
discontented
that
the
Honour
of
his
Master
should
be
so
much
impaired
,
yet
in
hopes
of
a
better
treatment
,
he
once
more
resolved
to
attend
his
Audience
,
being
introduced
,
the
Chair
was
brought
and
set
at
the
Foot
of
the
Saffora
,
the
which
while
he
was
with
his
own
hands
about
to
remove
,
the
Visiers
Servants
hindred
him
,
wherefore
in
a
rage
he
took
up
the
Cushion
and
flung
it
over
his
head
,
which
happened
to
fall
upon
the
Great
Visier
,
who
grievously
resenting
the
Affront
,
caused
him
head
and
Shoulders
to
be
thrust
out
of
the
Audience-Chamber
,
whereupon
the
rude
Officers
(
without
respect
to
his
Character
,
or
the
Law
of
Nations
,
which
renders
the
Person
of
an
Embassador
Sacred
and
Inviolable
)
so
roughly
handled
him
,
that
he
kept
his
Chamber
for
several
days
.
These
are
the
most
remarkable
occurrences
that
have
happened
since
the
beginning
of
this
Emperors
Reign
over
the
Eastern
Empire
,
till
1680
,
the
relation
of
which
I
have
partly
received
from
Authors
of
undoubted
Credit
and
Reputation
,
and
partly
asserted
of
my
own
knowledg
,
many
of
the
Transactions
of
this
Emperors
Reign
happening
during
my
abode
in
those
Countries
;
But
to
proceed
.
Anno
1680.
the
Grand
Seignior
arriving
at
Adrinople
about
the
middle
of
December
,
and
being
recovered
of
an
Ague
that
had
sometime
afflicted
him
,
he
commanded
his
Visier
Bassa
to
draw
his
Forces
together
from
all
parts
of
his
Empire
,
causing
the
horses
tail
to
be
hung
out
,
which
is
a
certain
sign
that
the
Grand
Seignior
or
Grand
Visier
intends
to
take
the
Field
,
and
in
order
to
defray
the
charges
,
great
sums
of
Money
were
every
where
exacted
,
the
Grand
Visier
labouring
more
earnestly
therein
that
he
might
again
recover
the
Grand
Seigniors
favour
,
from
which
he
was
fallen
,
with
these
Forces
he
intended
to
invade
Muscovy
early
in
the
Spring
,
and
to
prosecute
that
War
till
he
had
compelled
the
Czar
to
submit
to
such
terms
of
peace
as
he
himself
should
propose
,
and
at
the
same
time
dispatched
Achians
to
the
Emperor
of
Germany
,
to
treat
on
the
behalf
of
the
Hungarian
Male-contents
,
whom
he
declared
he
must
take
into
his
protection
,
if
their
proposals
for
liberty
of
Conscience
was
by
the
Imperial
Diet
then
sitting
at
Ratisbon
rejected
,
and
soon
after
him
followed
the
Bishop
of
Sebestini
,
the
Count
D'
Petrozi
,
and
two
or
three
others
of
less
note
Deputed
by
the
Hungarians
,
to
treat
about
the
same
matter
,
but
their
demands
seeming
unreasonable
,
they
were
dismissed
without
the
satisfaction
they
expected
.
About
this
time
Muley
Hamet
Nephew
to
Muley
Ismale
King
of
Morocco
and
Fess
,
assisted
by
a
number
of
Renegado
Turks
and
Moors
,
mustered
his
Army
near
Suz
,
and
advanced
to
give
his
Uncle
battle
,
but
near
Morocco
many
of
his
followers
deserting
him
,
and
his
horsemen
in
which
his
chief
strength
consisted
,
being
overthrown
near
to
Alarach
he
fled
to
Tunis
,
and
was
there
received
into
protection
by
the
Governour
,
from
whence
he
sent
divers
of
his
Favourites
and
followers
to
Constantinople
to
pray
the
Grand
Seigniors
aid
against
his
Uncle
,
who
as
he
alledged
unjustly
detained
those
Kingdoms
,
but
he
being
a
Prince
of
no
Fortune
,
and
less
power
,
he
nothing
prevailed
therein
,
yet
his
Rebellion
proved
advantagious
to
the
Garrison
of
Tangier
,
the
Moors
being
thereby
diverted
,
whilst
the
English
rebuilt
many
of
their
Forts
ruined
a
few
months
before
,
and
were
disincumbered
of
those
troublesome
neighbours
,
who
had
so
long
beleagured
them
,
nay
more
in
the
end
,
it
occasioned
a
firm
and
lasting
peace
.
The
French
Merchants
Trading
in
the
Levant
,
having
sustained
great
dammage
by
the
Pirates
of
Tripoly
,
and
amongst
other
Vessels
the
Sa●ta
Sophia
,
laden
at
Alicant
with
Sa●t
and
Spanish
Wool
o●●er
way
to
Venice
,
a
great
brigantine
bound
for
Messina
,
and
a
Petach
of
Ragus
,
&c.
to
revenge
that
injury
,
and
reduce
those
Turkish
Pirates
to
obedience
,
several
Ships
and
Gallies
were
fitted
out
at
Marselles
,
under
the
command
of
the
Barron
of
Quesne
,
who
coming
before
the
Port
of
Trip●ly
sent
his
Boat
on
shoar
,
and
in
it
several
Officers
,
in
the
Name
of
the
most
Christian
King
,
to
demand
Restitution
for
the
dammages
sustained
by
the
French
Merchants
,
but
receiving
no
other
answer
then
that
of
the
Cannon
from
the
Castles
that
guard
the
Port
,
he
caused
the
boat
to
be
haled
back
,
and
with
many
broad
sides
fired
upon
the
Town
,
but
by
reason
of
the
distance
did
no
considerable
dammage
,
but
whilst
he
was
cruzing
,
he
had
notice
that
seven
Tripolean
Men
of
War
rid
at
Anchor
in
the
Port
of
Scio
,
or
Chios
,
an
Island
belonging
to
the
Grand
Signior
,
whereupon
he
stood
away
from
the
Coast
of
Barbary
,
and
sailed
thither
upon
whose
approach
the
Turks
slipped
their
Anchors
,
and
snugged
close
under
the
Castle
,
where
notwithstanding
they
were
miserably
torn
by
the
shot
from
the
French
Gallies
,
which
their
Admiral
perceiving
put
out
a
Flag
of
Truce
,
and
offered
to
deliver
without
ransom
all
the
French
slaves
that
were
on
board
,
with
two
prizes
he
had
lately
taken
,
but
the
Barron
would
not
hearken
to
these
offers
,
well
knowing
they
could
not
escape
him
,
yet
not
thinking
it
safe
to
venture
too
near
the
shoar
,
he
blocked
them
up
;
and
sent
to
Tripoly
to
let
the
Governour
understand
what
danger
their
Ships
were
in
,
and
that
nothing
could
deliver
them
out
of
his
hands
,
but
satisfaction
for
the
wrongs
sustained
,
and
a
delivery
of
all
the
French
Captives
ransom
free
,
and
immediately
to
conclude
a
peace
,
but
receiving
no
satisfactory
answer
,
he
resolutely
entered
the
Port
with
his
Gallies
,
and
after
having
beaten
down
a
great
part
of
the
Castle
,
and
demolished
many
stately
Edifices
,
he
sunk
two
of
the
Ships
,
took
one
,
and
fired
the
rest
,
in
which
Action
he
lost
but
Thirty
of
his
Men
,
but
of
the
Turks
there
perished
Eight
Hundred
.
This
News
made
known
to
the
Grand
Visier
,
he
instantly
sent
for
the
French
Ambassador
residing
at
Constantinople
,
and
after
having
rated
him
,
and
severely
threatned
him
with
death
,
unless
reparation
was
speedily
made
for
the
dammage
sustained
in
the
Grand
Seigniors
Port
,
he
caused
him
to
be
confined
,
imprisoning
likewise
many
of
his
servants
,
nor
could
he
obtain
his
Release
till
he
had
purchased
his
peace
at
the
price
of
Three
Hundred
Purses
of
Money
,
each
Purse
being
accounted
Five
Hundred
Dollars
,
yet
the
loss
of
these
Ships
wrought
such
effects
,
that
the
Tripoles
soon
after
concluded
a
peace
with
the
French
.
Matters
being
at
this
pass
,
and
the
troubles
increasing
in
Hungary
,
Count
Teckely
still
opposing
himself
against
the
Emperors
Interest
,
and
useing
his
utmost
endeavours
at
the
Port
to
have
himself
proclaimed
Prince
of
Transylvania
,
the
Emperor
thought
good
to
send
an
Ambassador
to
the
Grand
Seignior
to
put
him
in
mind
of
the
league
between
the
two
Empires
,
desiring
that
it
might
be
kept
inviolable
,
not
any
ways
infringed
by
his
giving
countenance
to
his
Rebels
in
Hungary
,
which
Ambassador
upon
his
arrival
had
his
Audience
of
the
Grand
Visier
,
and
a
promise
made
him
,
that
a
strict
command
should
be
sent
to
all
his
Beglerbegs
and
Sanzacks
on
the
frontiers
,
not
upon
pain
of
losing
their
heads
to
aid
or
countenance
the
Male-contents
,
and
being
afterwards
with
the
Grand
Visier
,
he
assured
him
that
the
Grand
Seigniors
resolution
should
be
maintained
,
that
thereby
the
peace
and
friendship
Established
between
the
two
Empires
might
continue
,
yet
these
specious
pretences
were
to
no
other
end
intended
then
to
protract
time
,
to
make
their
own
terms
with
the
Rebels
,
for
soon
after
without
the
least
provocation
the
Tables
were
turned
,
and
not
only
assisted
them
with
all
manner
of
Warlike
provision
,
but
with
Men
and
Money
,
in
consideration
of
several
Towns
to
be
put
into
their
hands
when
taken
;
They
likewise
made
great
preparations
at
Belgrade
and
Buda
under
pretence
of
deposing
Abafti
Prince
of
Transylvania
,
and
causing
divers
Janizaries
to
be
attired
like
Hungarians
,
and
to
serve
Count
Teckely
as
his
guard
.
The
Turkish
Pyrates
of
Argiers
having
broke
the
peace
sometime
since
made
with
his
Majesty
of
Great
Brittain
,
and
taken
several
English
Vessels
(
and
amongst
others
,
these
by
name
,
viz.
the
Anne
of
London
,
the
John
of
Exeter
,
the
Thamar
of
Colchester
,
the
Post-horse
of
London
,
the
Rosemary
of
Yarmouth
,
the
William
of
London
,
the
amity
of
Plymouth
,
the
Fortune
of
London
,
the
Vnity
of
Barnstable
,
and
the
Mary
Land
Merchant
,
which
last
fought
two
Algerine
Men
of
War
almost
one
whole
day
;
but
at
last
taking
fire
,
she
,
together
with
most
of
her
men
perished
)
To
curb
their
insolency
,
the
Vice-Admiral
Herbert
with
the
Squadron
of
his
Majesties
Frigates
under
his
command
was
appointed
to
cruze
in
those
straights
,
who
with
such
success
happened
on
those
roving
thieves
,
that
within
the
space
of
two
years
he
took
and
destroyed
forty
of
their
Ships
,
recovering
a
great
number
of
Christian
Captives
,
and
brought
those
Pyrates
so
low
,
that
not
only
they
,
but
those
of
Tripole
and
Sally
were
obliged
to
truckle
,
and
receive
such
terms
of
peace
as
the
Victor
would
allow
;
Amongst
the
many
ingagements
that
happened
,
during
the
space
aforesaid
,
this
is
remarkable
,
on
the
8th
.
of
April
1681.
Captain
Booth
in
the
Adventure
Frigate
,
cruzing
to
the
Leward
got
sight
of
a
great
Turks
Man
of
War
,
with
a
prize
,
which
she
towed
at
her
Stern
,
the
which
upon
a
more
full
discovery
,
proved
to
be
the
Golden
Horse
of
Argiers
,
mounted
with
upwards
of
Forty
Guns
,
and
Five
Hundred
and
Eight
Men
,
commanded
by
one
Morat
Raiza
a
Dutch
Renegado
,
with
which
about
Ten
in
the
Morning
near
Cape
de
Gal
,
he
began
a
sharp
fight
,
which
continued
till
about
Three
in
the
Afternoon
,
when
the
Algerine
having
her
Main
Mast
shot
by
the
Board
,
and
her
Captains
Thigh
broken
with
a
Musket
Bullet
,
the
Turks
were
about
to
yield
,
but
seeing
a
fresh
Ship
with
Turkish
Colours
(
which
afterwards
proved
to
be
his
Majesties
Frigate
,
the
none-such
Captain
Wheeler
Commander
)
they
took
new
courage
,
and
continued
the
fight
with
extraordinary
Resolution
till
night
,
at
what
time
the
Algerine
had
One
Hundred
and
Twenty
of
her
men
wounded
,
and
near
as
many
killed
,
all
her
Masts
shot
by
the
Board
,
and
five
or
six
foot
deep
of
water
in
the
Hold
,
Captain
Booth
having
likewise
all
his
rigging
cut
in
pieces
,
and
every
thing
out
of
order
,
and
apprehensive
of
ingaging
in
that
condition
with
the
said
fresh
Ship
,
which
he
supposed
to
be
an
Enemy
,
commanded
the
Calabash
Fire-ship
(
then
attending
him
least
the
prize
should
escape
)
to
burn
which
of
them
she
could
most
conveniently
grapple
,
which
had
been
put
in
Execution
,
had
not
the
Fireships
Boat
been
in
the
night
time
accidentally
staved
,
next
Morning
by
break
of
day
Captain
Wheeler
came
up
,
and
being
within
half
culvering
shot
,
put
out
the
English
Colours
,
and
bearing
directly
upon
the
Algerine
,
siezed
her
without
firing
a
Gun
;
By
this
action
thirty
seven
English
Captives
were
redeemed
,
and
of
Dutch
and
Spaniards
One
Hundred
and
Thirteen
.
The
Muscovite
by
this
time
beginning
to
dread
the
Tempest
of
War
that
was
ready
to
fall
upon
him
,
and
not
able
of
himself
to
resist
such
a
power
as
the
Grand
Seignior
had
raised
by
reason
of
intestine
troubles
,
and
despairing
to
be
aided
by
the
Polonians
,
whom
he
had
some
years
before
deserted
in
their
greatest
necessity
,
he
thought
it
the
safest
to
conclude
a
peace
,
which
by
Presents
,
and
many
intreaties
he
procured
to
be
ratified
for
the
space
of
twenty
years
;
It
being
the
rather
consented
to
by
the
Grand
Seignior
,
that
he
might
be
at
leisure
to
turn
his
Armes
upon
Hungary
,
in
which
so
many
of
his
Predecessors
have
been
foiled
.
Leopold
the
Emperor
finding
by
experience
that
he
had
given
too
much
credit
to
the
Faithless
Turks
,
and
it
was
but
too
apparent
that
they
aided
his
Rebels
;
He
thought
it
convenient
to
call
a
Diet
at
Odenburg
,
there
to
indeavour
a
Reconciliation
,
and
put
an
end
to
the
intestine
troubles
,
which
the
Hungarian
Nobility
likewise
urged
,
and
requested
him
to
be
present
in
the
like
Royal
Robes
as
the
Kings
of
Hungary
were
wont
to
apparel
themselves
in
,
but
he
not
consenting
thereto
,
after
some
debate
,
and
many
particulars
offered
,
the
Assembly
broke
up
without
concluding
any
thing
,
whereupon
Count
Tecke'y
siezed
on
several
Garrisons
on
the
Banks
of
the
Waga
,
and
sent
to
the
Bassa
of
Buda
to
hasten
the
Forces
he
had
in
a
readiness
,
for
that
he
would
have
no
peace
with
the
Emperor
unless
his
own
proposals
were
granted
,
upon
receipt
of
which
Letter
,
Seventeen
Thousand
Turks
passed
the
Danubius
,
and
made
great
spoil
,
burning
and
destroying
all
the
Villages
for
the
space
of
Fourteen
Miles
,
till
Teckely
moved
with
the
cryes
of
the
poor
Country
people
,
who
fled
like
Sheep
before
them
,
he
sent
an
express
to
the
Bassa
that
commanded
them
,
to
restrain
them
from
spoiling
the
Countries
.
The
news
of
these
proceedings
greatly
troubled
the
Emperor
,
then
infested
with
the
French
who
incamped
upon
the
Rhine
,
and
had
seized
upon
Strasburg
a
free
City
of
the
Empire
,
yet
like
a
prudent
Prince
he
used
many
perswasions
to
reduce
the
Rebels
to
their
former
obedience
,
publishing
his
declaration
,
wherein
he
promised
them
all
convenient
liberty
for
the
exercise
of
their
Religion
,
and
that
they
should
have
a
Palatine
,
a
native
of
Hungary
offering
likewise
a
general
pardon
for
all
that
had
passed
,
but
this
availed
not
,
for
Teckely
aiming
at
the
principality
of
Transilvania
(
which
he
must
utterly
despair
of
obtaining
if
he
displeased
the
Grand
Seignior
)
rejected
all
these
reasonable
concessions
,
alledging
that
he
would
not
trust
to
promises
which
were
not
likely
to
indure
longer
than
he
had
power
to
right
his
Countrymen
,
upon
which
the
Emperor
caused
a
detachment
of
Seven
Thousand
Horse
and
Foot
to
be
drawn
out
of
his
Army
,
then
incamped
along
the
Rhine
,
to
have
an
eye
upon
the
motions
of
the
French
,
to
these
Seven
Thousand
he
added
three
new
raised
Regiments
,
and
sent
them
to
joyn
with
Count
Caprara
his
Lieutenant
General
in
Hungary
,
which
reinforcement
made
the
Rebels
keep
in
a
body
,
who
before
had
divided
themselves
in
several
parties
,
and
took
in
many
small
Towns
,
possessing
themselves
of
two
Silver
Mines
,
and
one
of
the
strongest
Berg
Towns
daily
expecting
Six
Thousand
Tartars
,
who
were
on
their
way
,
under
the
leading
of
Hames
Emir
Han
their
Captain
.
About
this
time
the
Grand
Seignior
fearing
the
power
of
the
Muscovite
should
refund
on
part
of
his
Dominions
,
used
great
diligence
by
his
Agents
to
procure
a
Reconciliation
,
the
which
was
the
easier
hearkened
to
by
reason
of
the
differences
arising
between
the
grandees
,
threatened
an
intestine
War
,
whereupon
in
May
1681.
a
Truce
was
concluded
for
the
space
of
Twenty
years
,
though
contrary
to
the
opinion
of
the
Polonians
,
who
by
a
conjunction
with
the
numerous
Forces
of
that
Dukedom
,
were
in
hopes
to
gain
more
easie
conditions
at
the
Port
then
in
the
Articles
between
them
and
the
Grand
Seignior
were
included
,
in
order
to
which
that
King
had
assembled
a
Diet
at
Warsaw
,
which
after
Sixteen
weeks
consultation
,
by
reason
of
the
perverseness
of
a
deputy
of
Lythuania
,
broke
up
without
resolving
on
any
one
point
referred
to
their
consideration
.
About
the
beginning
of
the
year
1682.
The
Emperor
dispatched
a
Minister
to
Count
Teckeley
,
who
was
fortifying
divers
places
against
him
,
to
treat
of
an
accommodation
as
himself
had
required
,
but
he
having
received
an
Assurance
from
the
Port
of
the
Grand
Signiours
protection
declared
that
he
had
not
full
power
to
treat
of
himself
,
but
must
be
obliged
to
take
the
advice
of
the
Bassa
of
Offa
in
that
affair
,
and
move
according
to
the
directions
he
should
receive
from
the
Port
,
having
wholly
thrown
himself
upon
the
Grand
Signiors
,
and
therefore
referred
all
to
the
success
of
Count
Capraras
Negotiation
at
Constantinople
.
Vice
Admiral
Herbert
having
obliged
the
Algerine
Pirates
to
a
complyance
,
the
treaty
of
peace
was
about
the
latter
end
of
April
brought
by
Captain
Almyer
for
his
Majesties
Approbation
and
Ratification
,
both
which
being
had
,
the
Treaty
both
Honourable
and
advantagious
to
the
English
Nation
was
returned
,
the
success
against
these
Rovers
having
been
such
as
has
given
reputation
to
his
Majesties
Arms
in
those
parts
,
and
will
past
doubt
give
them
cause
to
value
his
Majesties
Friendship
for
the
future
.
The
season
for
Action
advancing
,
the
Emperor
caused
Six
Regiments
of
Foot
,
and
two
of
Horse
to
march
for
Hungary
,
to
inable
Count
Caprara
to
oppose
the
Turks
that
had
imbodied
themselves
near
Offen
,
as
likewise
about
Sonluck
,
between
great
Waradin
,
and
the
River
Theis
,
which
parties
upon
their
uniting
were
further
inforced
by
the
Troops
of
Count
Teckeley
,
and
Abaftie
Prince
of
Transylvania
,
and
for
the
better
assurance
of
the
former
,
the
Grand
Signiour
caused
to
be
placed
about
him
One
Thousand
Janizaries
as
a
Guard
to
his
person
,
which
many
did
at
that
time
believe
it
was
to
no
other
end
then
to
secure
him
in
the
interest
of
the
Port.
These
Forces
of
Turks
,
Hungarians
,
and
Transylvanians
meeting
,
it
was
in
the
Bassa's
Tent
concluded
that
since
the
German
Forces
were
not
considerable
on
that
side
,
they
should
divide
into
two
Bodies
,
and
act
separate
,
one
to
be
commanded
by
the
Count
,
and
the
other
by
the
Bassa
of
Waradin
,
upon
which
the
former
immediately
besieged
Chascaw
,
a
strong
City
near
the
Waag
,
battering
it
for
many
days
with
twelve
pieces
of
Cannon
,
carrying
the
out-work
by
storm
,
but
perceiving
his
Camp
annoyed
by
the
shot
from
the
City
;
into
which
Count
Strasoldo
had
put
Five
Hundred
Men
he
removed
his
Battery
to
a
small
Hill
which
commanded
it
,
and
from
thence
playing
furiously
,
he
beat
down
a
great
number
of
Houses
,
and
layed
open
a
great
breach
in
the
Wall
,
which
obliged
the
besieged
after
many
Sallies
,
and
a
resolute
defence
to
capitulate
for
their
Lives
and
Liberties
which
were
granted
,
and
leave
given
for
as
many
as
would
,
to
take
service
under
his
Ensigns
,
but
whilst
the
Souldiers
hastily
entered
,
whether
of
purpose
,
or
by
chance
,
a
Mine
near
the
breach
took
Fire
,
and
blew
up
several
of
the
Teckeleyans
,
which
so
inraged
them
,
that
they
fell
upon
the
Garrison
,
and
put
many
of
them
to
the
Sword
e're
their
fury
could
be
stayed
;
the
Citizens
to
redeem
themselves
from
being
plundred
,
payed
Fifty
Thousand
Crowns
,
and
two
days
after
Espiers
surrendred
to
the
Count.
During
this
Action
,
the
Bassa
besieged
Zathmar
,
which
after
divers
attempts
they
carryed
by
force
,
putting
many
to
the
Sword
,
and
carrying
away
a
considerable
number
of
all
Sex
and
Ages
into
miserable
captivity
.
Count
Teckeley
upon
this
success
,
sent
Summons
from
his
Camp
near
Lewentz
,
to
summon
the
Hungarian
Nobility
to
appear
in
Arms
,
but
by
the
Industry
of
the
Imperial
Ministers
,
he
failed
for
the
most
part
in
his
expectation
,
few
obeying
his
Orders
,
yet
many
of
the
inferiour
rank
came
to
increase
the
number
of
his
Forces
;
upon
notice
of
which
Count
Caprara
,
and
Count
Strasoldo
joyned
their
Forces
,
and
marched
to
oppose
the
Torrent
e're
it
swelled
too
high
.
The
Emperor
sent
likewise
an
Express
to
the
Palatine
of
Hungary
to
raise
the
Ban
and
Areirban
of
that
Kingdom
,
and
to
march
with
all
speed
against
the
Turks
who
had
passed
the
Waag
,
and
caused
the
Governour
of
Chascaw
to
be
imprisoned
,
as
being
accused
of
not
having
defended
that
City
to
Extremity
,
and
now
the
Armies
being
within
view
of
each
other
,
there
was
great
expectations
that
the
Issue
would
have
been
a
foughten
Field
,
but
it
proved
otherwise
;
for
after
some
light
skirmishes
had
past
,
the
Imperialists
finding
themselves
too
weak
,
quitted
their
Camp
at
Atsol
,
and
retired
toward
St.
Croix
,
which
so
discouraged
the
Garrison
in
Lewentz
,
that
they
abandoned
it
,
and
retired
to
places
of
greater
strength
,
so
that
it
became
a
prey
to
the
Enemy
.
All
this
while
the
Turks
having
besieged
Villecke
,
after
divers
Assaults
and
great
slaughter
of
their
Men
,
had
it
delivered
into
their
hands
on
the
Sixteenth
of
September
,
the
Garrison
making
articles
of
surrender
without
the
consent
of
the
Governour
,
who
upon
his
refusing
to
sign
the
capitulation
,
was
made
a
Prisoner
of
War
,
and
the
Turks
unwilling
to
put
this
Fortress
into
the
hands
of
the
Hungarians
,
as
by
Articles
was
agreed
;
and
on
the
other
side
the
Hungarians
being
loath
that
the
Turks
should
possess
so
strong
a
place
in
the
heart
of
the
Kingdom
;
it
for
some
time
occasioned
great
contest
,
but
in
the
end
both
parties
concluded
to
demolish
it
,
which
was
accordingly
done
.
During
these
Transactions
,
his
Imperial
Majesties
Embassador
at
the
Port
was
flattered
with
a
promise
of
renewing
the
League
between
the
two
Empires
,
and
conducted
to
his
Audience
with
the
usual
Ceremonies
,
which
was
only
to
protract
time
till
the
Turks
had
possessed
themselves
of
such
strong
places
as
might
render
them
formidable
,
and
give
them
hopes
of
annexing
all
Hungary
to
the
Ottoman
Empire
;
but
the
German
Princes
perceiving
their
drift
,
sent
several
of
their
own
Troops
to
reinforce
the
Imperial
Army
under
the
Command
of
Count
Caprara
,
with
whom
the
Count
Strosoldo
refusing
to
joyn
,
in
order
to
give
the
Turks
Battle
near
Lewentz
,
fell
into
the
Emperors
high
displeasure
being
sent
for
to
Vienna
,
and
for
a
while
is
suspended
,
but
upon
his
submission
was
again
restored
to
favour
.
Winter
approaching
,
Count
Teckely
sent
Four
Hussars
to
Count
Caprara
,
to
procure
of
him
a
pasport
for
the
safe
passage
of
such
Deputies
as
he
intended
to
send
to
the
Emperor
to
treat
of
a
Truce
which
Hussars
were
by
the
Counts
express
Command
Imprisoned
till
such
time
his
Imperial
Majesties
pleasure
was
known
therein
;
but
in
the
end
they
were
released
,
and
the
Deputies
permitted
to
pass
uncontrouled
,
when
after
many
debates
a
Truce
was
concluded
for
two
Moneths
,
whereupon
Count
Teokley
by
reason
of
the
Difference
between
him
,
and
the
Prince
of
Transylvania
retired
with
the
greatest
part
of
his
Troop
to
a
strong
place
,
which
together
with
some
others
in
dowrie
with
the
Princess
Ragotski
,
whom
this
year
he
had
married
.
The
Turks
for
the
most
part
Wintered
in
Temeswar
,
Buda
,
and
New
Hausel
,
and
the
Imperialists
on
the
Frontires
of
Austria
,
and
so
ended
the
Campaign
for
this
year
.
Anno
1683.
Early
in
the
Spring
,
the
Imperialists
and
Turks
taking
the
Field
,
and
several
skirmishes
happening
between
parties
,
with
various
success
.
The
Count
Wallastain
,
his
Imperial
Majesties
Minister
residing
in
the
Polonian
Court
,
dealt
so
effectually
with
that
King
,
that
he
resolving
no
longer
to
sit
still
,
and
see
the
Infidels
and
Rebels
insult
over
his
Neighbouring
Countries
,
on
the
second
of
April
,
pursuant
to
a
treaty
on
foot
signed
an
alliance
with
the
Emperor
,
by
which
he
obliges
himself
to
take
the
Field
with
between
Thirty
and
Forty
Thousand
Horse
and
Foot
,
to
act
offensively
against
the
Turks
,
and
defensively
against
all
other
enemies
to
the
German
Empire
,
in
consideration
of
which
,
the
Emperor
binds
himself
to
have
an
Army
of
Sixty
Thousand
Men
in
readyness
upon
all
occasions
,
immediately
to
pay
Twelve
Hundred
Thousand
Florins
,
and
that
himself
,
and
the
Queen
Dowager
of
Poland
disclaim
all
Pretensions
to
the
Crown
of
Poland
,
and
that
neither
Potentate
enter
into
a
treaty
with
the
Turks
tending
to
Peace
,
but
with
a
joynt
approbation
;
And
that
both
Armies
act
separate
,
unless
Cracow
or
Vienna
be
besieged
,
and
then
with
United
Forces
to
fall
upon
the
Enemy
,
into
which
Alliance
it
is
expected
the
Czar
of
Muscovy
will
shortly
enter
to
revenge
the
outrages
done
him
by
the
Turks
and
Tartars
,
who
since
the
late
Divisions
have
made
divers
incursions
into
his
Countries
.
This
Alliance
made
known
to
the
Grand
Seigniour
greatly
perplexed
him
,
insomuch
that
he
sent
orders
to
all
the
Bassa's
,
Begs
or
Sanzacks
of
Europe
,
to
raise
what
Forces
they
could
to
attend
him
in
the
Field
,
himself
resolving
instantly
to
march
to
Belgrade
,
whither
the
Great
Visier
with
an
Army
of
60000
Horse
and
Foot
marched
before
to
joyn
with
the
Tartars
,
under
the
leading
of
Tartar
Han
or
Cham
,
and
then
to
cover
such
places
as
Count
Teckely
(
who
now
seems
jealous
of
the
Turks
)
shall
besiege
.
The
better
to
take
measures
for
the
carrying
on
the
War
,
his
Imperial
Majesty
on
the
8th
.
of
April
called
a
Council
of
War
at
Vienna
,
where
it
was
concluded
that
the
Duke
of
Lorrain
should
be
Generalissimus
of
all
the
Forces
on
that
side
,
and
the
measures
concluded
on
were
these
,
that
the
Imperial
Army
the
third
of
May
should
muster
near
Presburg
,
to
the
number
of
40000
men
;
That
General
Schutz
shall
with
7000
men
,
joyn
with
6000
Polish
Horse
already
on
their
march
,
under
the
command
of
the
Prince
Lubomerski
,
and
that
the
Hungarian
troops
in
conjunction
with
those
,
making
a
body
of
25000
men
act
in
the
upper
Hungary
,
and
another
body
of
6000
Incamp
near
Leopa●stadt
on
the
Waag
,
and
in
case
they
find
the
Turks
have
a
design
upon
that
place
,
to
put
themselves
into
it
,
and
besides
these
10
or
12000
men
to
be
posted
on
the
confines
of
Moravia
and
Silesia
,
to
secure
those
Countries
against
the
incursion
of
the
Enemy
.
This
being
the
state
of
the
Imperial
Army
designed
against
the
Turks
,
and
Hungarian
Rebels
Count
Teck●ey
the
better
to
secure
himself
and
reinforce
his
Army
sent
out
summons
to
the
Nobility
once
more
to
be
in
Armes
and
as
occasion
served
to
oppose
the
Imperalists
,
but
most
of
them
seemed
unwilling
to
comply
therein
as
abhorring
to
bear
Armes
against
their
Lawful
Soveraign
.
Whilst
matters
were
thus
carryed
on
that
side
the
King
of
Sweeden
has
obliged
himself
to
assist
the
Emperour
with
seven
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
,
four
thousand
of
which
he
intends
to
raise
in
Germany
,
and
the
rest
in
his
own
Countries
,
nor
will
the
Elector
of
Bavaria
who
is
in
all
likelihood
shortly
to
marry
the
Emperors
Daughter
,
be
wanting
to
send
his
Forces
against
the
common
Enemy
.
The
King
of
Poland
the
better
to
compleat
the
Quota
,
he
intends
to
summon
the
Arrearban
of
that
Kingdom
,
all
the
Nobility
shewing
a
ready
compliance
to
attend
in
the
Wars
,
his
Army
to
the
number
of
thirty
thousand
mustering
near
Leopol
he
advanced
against
the
Turks
,
who
made
divers
incursions
into
his
Territories
on
the
Vkrain
,
a
party
of
whom
advancing
too
far
he
cut
off
killing
three
hundred
and
taking
a
like
number
of
Prisoners
,
and
following
the
success
of
his
Arms
,
he
is
preparing
to
besiege
Caminieck
,
a
strong
Fortress
taken
from
the
Poles
by
the
Turks
some
years
before
,
and
sent
an
Express
to
Count
Teckley
to
inform
him
of
the
Alliance
made
with
the
Emperor
,
and
to
let
him
know
that
unless
he
does
immediately
make
Peace
with
his
Imperial
Majesty
,
he
shall
be
obliged
to
treat
him
as
an
Enemy
.
These
Menaces
caused
Teckley
to
draw
up
his
Troops
with
great
diligence
,
and
send
immediately
to
the
Visier
of
Buda
for
such
Forces
as
by
the
Grand
Signeours
appointment
were
to
joyn
him
,
that
he
might
the
better
be
able
to
defend
himself
till
the
gross
of
the
Ottoman
Army
(
reported
to
consist
of
one
hundred
and
fifty
thousand
men
)
could
arrive
,
and
immediately
dispatched
his
Secretary
to
the
Emperors
Court
to
crave
a
truce
,
but
the
proposals
were
so
insignificant
that
he
nothing
prevailed
.
For
the
Emperor
in
person
having
been
at
the
Randezvous
near
Presburg
in
Hungaria
,
was
so
well
satisfied
with
the
order
of
his
men
that
he
altogether
contemned
the
Forces
of
the
Enemy
.
Yet
to
appear
like
himself
he
caused
a
general
Pardon
a
third
time
to
be
published
indemnifying
all
Hungarians
and
Germans
,
that
have
been
actually
in
Armes
against
him
,
and
any
ways
concerned
in
the
Hungarian
Rebellion
both
in
Person
and
Estate
,
in
consideration
of
their
speedy
submission
and
obedience
for
the
future
,
upon
which
many
layed
down
their
Arms
and
made
an
ingenuous
acknowledment
of
their
disobedience
to
the
Palatine
whom
the
Emperour
impowred
to
receive
their
submissions
.
About
this
time
a
Crotian
having
put
himself
into
the
service
of
the
Turks
at
Zigeth
,
a
strong
Garrison
on
that
Frontiers
,
and
insinuated
himself
into
their
confidence
he
put
what
he
had
before
designed
in
practice
,
which
was
to
set
their
Magazine
on
Fire
,
and
having
succeeded
therein
made
his
escape
during
the
general
consternation
thereby
occasioned
.
This
Magazine
stored
with
all
manner
of
Provisions
as
well
as
warlike
Furniture
,
was
computed
sufficient
for
the
maintenance
and
furnishing
thirty
thousand
men
for
the
space
of
two
years
,
which
the
Turks
desirous
to
save
,
flocked
about
it
to
extinguish
the
flame
but
to
their
fatal
cost
,
for
the
powder
consisting
of
two
thousand
Barrels
taking
fire
,
destroyed
five
hundred
of
them
,
and
beat
down
most
of
the
houses
in
the
City
,
renting
in
sunder
the
walls
in
divers
places
,
the
blow
being
heard
6
leagues
distant
from
that
place
.
The
Duke
of
Lorrain
having
been
to
take
a
view
of
Rab
and
Comorra
,
on
the
6th
of
May
returned
to
the
Army
,
at
what
time
it
was
greatly
augmented
by
voluntary
supplies
,
who
not
able
to
see
their
bleeding
Country
over
run
by
barbarous
infidels
,
whilst
they
stood
unconcerned
for
its
defence
,
joyned
with
their
Lawful
Sovereign
to
oppose
the
coming
tempest
of
destructive
foes
,
willingly
joyned
in
the
defence
of
the
Christian
cause
,
which
a
few
rash
men
,
under
pretence
of
Conscience
,
though
indeed
out
of
an
ambitious
desire
of
Sovereignty
,
have
exposed
them
to
all
the
calamities
that
attend
on
miserable
War
.
The
Grand
Visier
arriving
with
part
of
the
Ottoman
Forces
at
Belgrade
,
the
place
appointed
for
the
General
Rendezvous
,
the
Grand
Seignior
on
the
20th
.
of
April
set
forth
from
Adrinople
,
attended
by
a
numerous
train
of
his
great
Officers
,
and
80000
Janizaries
,
Spahies
,
Timariots
,
Asaphies
,
and
others
inured
to
the
Turkish
Wars
,
and
by
speedy
marches
came
to
the
place
appointed
,
though
by
reason
of
the
excessive
rains
and
noysom
vapours
thereby
occasioned
,
6000
of
his
men
perished
by
the
way
,
nor
fared
that
part
of
the
Army
the
great
Visier
lead
much
better
,
for
passing
the
Dravas
many
of
the
Souldiers
were
drowned
,
and
much
of
the
baggage
lost
.
The
Polonian
King
desirous
to
bring
Count
Teckely
over
to
the
Emperours
interest
,
sent
an
Agent
to
treat
with
him
about
a
Reconciliation
,
to
hearken
to
which
at
first
he
seemed
inclinable
,
but
upon
pressing
the
matter
more
home
,
it
appeared
he
did
it
only
to
gain
time
,
till
he
could
joyn
with
the
Tartars
,
which
the
Visier
of
Buda
had
assigned
to
act
in
conjunction
with
him
in
the
upper
Hungary
,
but
part
of
the
imperial
Troops
not
to
give
him
that
opportunity
,
under
the
command
of
Major
General
Schutz
,
have
posted
themselves
between
him
and
the
Niester
,
which
the
Tartars
who
march
in
two
bodies
must
pass
before
they
can
enter
that
part
of
Hungary
,
who
a
little
before
their
taking
,
that
post
had
defeated
a
party
of
Turks
belonging
to
the
Garrison
of
Newheusel
,
killing
7000
,
and
taking
200
Prisoners
;
The
Polish
Troops
of
Voluntiers
on
the
Banks
of
Danubius
,
meeting
with
5000
Tartars
,
the
forerunners
of
the
Army
overthrew
them
,
killing
1000
of
them
,
and
forcing
the
rest
to
take
the
River
,
in
passing
which
most
of
them
perished
,
which
success
so
heightned
the
Poles
,
that
pursuing
their
good
fortune
they
passed
the
River
,
at
a
place
fordable
they
fell
in
with
a
Turkish
Convoy
of
600
Mules
,
laden
with
Provision
and
Ammunition
,
going
to
the
Camp
at
Belgrade
,
which
they
took
and
converted
to
their
own
use
,
killing
and
putting
to
flight
such
as
had
the
charge
of
them
,
upon
notice
of
which
the
Polonian
King
,
to
appear
more
formidable
to
the
Turks
,
Tartars
and
Hungarian
Rebels
,
commanded
2
new
Regiments
to
be
raised
,
one
at
the
charge
of
his
Queen
,
and
the
other
at
the
charge
of
Prince
Alexander
his
Eldest
Son
,
himself
allotting
out
of
his
Patrimonial
Estate
100000
Crowns
to
be
distributed
amongst
his
Army
,
and
to
raise
800
Hussars
expert
at
handling
Launces
.
On
the
11th
.
of
May
the
Imperial
Army
after
having
Randizvouzed
at
Presburg
,
passing
from
Keiser
marched
towards
,
and
incamped
between
that
Fortress
and
Comorra
to
observe
the
motions
of
the
Turks
,
who
were
imbodyed
near
Newhausel
to
the
number
of
15000
,
daily
expecting
a
detachment
of
the
Visiers
Army
upon
its
march
to
joyn
with
them
,
the
Visier
at
the
same
time
being
incamped
at
Greick
Weiffenburg
,
expecting
the
arrival
of
the
Grand
Seignior
,
who
was
some
days
marching
behind
.
During
these
proceedings
Teckely
suddenly
collecting
his
Troops
,
layed
siege
to
the
strong
Castle
of
Donowitz
,
in
which
was
the
Barron
Joannel
with
a
Garrison
of
250
Imperialists
and
Hungarians
,
yet
after
a
furious
battery
with
8
pieces
of
Cannon
,
he
made
himself
master
of
that
important
place
,
making
the
Governour
and
the
Germans
found
therein
Prisoners
of
War
,
when
to
prevent
his
further
proceedings
on
that
side
,
the
Pallatine
of
Hungaria
received
orders
to
joyn
Major
General
Schutz
,
who
had
passed
the
Waag
to
meet
the
Prince
of
Lubomerski
,
who
advanced
with
the
6000
Polonian
Horse
before
mentioned
,
whereupon
the
Visier
of
Buda
summoned
Count
Teekely
to
joyn
the
Turkish
Troops
under
his
command
,
which
he
refused
to
do
,
making
several
pretences
to
excuse
it
of
which
the
King
of
Poland
taking
notice
sent
a
Letter
to
the
Count
to
advise
him
to
quit
the
engagement
he
has
with
the
Turks
,
(
which
in
conclusion
will
turn
to
his
ruin
)
and
make
his
peace
with
the
Emperour
,
whilst
his
free
grace
is
offered
him
;
the
which
had
such
an
effectual
operation
that
many
were
of
opinion
he
would
have
closed
with
the
Imperial
offered
Grace
,
but
after
some
debate
and
new
incouragement
from
the
Grand
Signior
,
he
resolved
to
persist
in
his
rebellious
purpose
of
opposing
the
Emperours
interest
,
whereupon
the
Duke
of
Lorrain
who
has
absolute
power
to
act
as
he
sees
convenient
for
the
advantage
of
the
Empire
,
sent
orders
to
the
Palatine
to
draw
down
his
Troops
and
intrench
himself
on
the
banks
of
the
Waag
,
to
secure
the
passes
where
the
River
is
Fordable
,
as
likewise
to
the
Vice-Roy
of
Crotia
to
raise
new
Forces
for
the
increase
of
those
already
under
his
command
,
and
to
keep
diligent
watch
upon
the
Frontires
of
that
Province
to
prevent
any
incursions
.
About
this
time
Zathmer
was
regained
,
and
young
Count
Serini
(
true
Heir
to
the
valour
of
his
immortal
Ancestors
)
appointed
Governour
thereof
which
has
put
the
Turks
out
of
all
hopes
of
recovering
it
.
The
Duke
of
Lorrain
having
notice
that
the
Turks
were
imbodying
themselves
near
Gran
,
raised
his
Camp
on
the
24th
.
of
May
and
marched
towards
them
,
resolving
to
give
them
Battle
before
the
Grand
Visier
(
who
together
with
the
Aga
of
the
Janizaries
,
was
on
his
march
)
could
arrive
in
those
parts
,
having
for
that
purpose
stored
his
Army
with
all
necessary
Provision
and
Ammunition
sent
up
the
Danubius
in
boats
from
Vienna
,
but
during
these
preparations
the
Turks
had
so
strongly
lodged
themselves
upon
the
Counterscarp
to
the
number
of
25000
,
that
he
thought
it
not
convenient
to
attack
them
in
their
strength
,
but
having
made
a
detachment
of
13
men
commanding
them
to
pass
the
Danubius
,
and
invest
Newhausel
a
strong
place
about
a
Leagues
from
Komora
,
whilst
the
rest
of
the
Army
followed
in
good
order
,
with
a
train
of
80
pieces
of
Artillery
,
most
of
which
carry
bullets
of
between
30
and
40
pounds
weight
,
which
made
Count
Teckeley
draw
off
towards
Tokay
,
still
declining
to
joyn
the
Turks
under
the
command
of
the
Visier
of
Buda
,
insomuch
that
the
Bassa
of
Offen
fearing
to
be
exposed
to
the
Fury
of
the
Imperialists
sent
a
Messenger
to
the
Duke
of
Lorrain
to
propose
a
Cessation
of
Arms
for
14
days
,
which
the
Duke
would
in
no
wise
hearken
to
,
as
well
knowing
it
was
but
to
protract
the
time
till
a
greater
power
arrived
in
Hungary
,
and
when
it
was
urged
that
the
Grand
Signeour
intended
to
observe
the
Peace
with
the
Emperor
,
till
the
prefixed
was
expired
,
but
the
Duke
replyed
that
the
Turks
by
their
unjust
Hostilities
and
manifest
outrages
had
broken
it
long
since
,
so
that
now
they
must
expect
no
other
favour
then
the
Sword
would
allow
them
,
whereupon
he
dispatched
orders
to
Count
Caprara
to
batter
Newhausel
resolving
to
carry
it
by
storm
,
if
it
should
fail
to
be
delivered
by
capitulation
having
already
overthrown
a
party
belonging
to
that
Garrison
,
who
were
returning
from
ravaging
the
Country
laden
with
great
booties
,
upon
which
success
2
parties
were
sent
out
to
burn
the
Bridges
of
Gran
,
and
Esseiniek
which
they
successfully
attempted
burning
the
former
,
and
possessing
themselves
of
the
latter
,
guarded
by
700
Turks
,
most
of
which
were
killed
or
taken
prisoners
.
The
Count
Caprara
His
Imperial
Majesties
Ambassador
at
the
Port
,
is
by
order
of
the
Grand
Signeour
looked
narrowly
after
,
not
differing
much
from
a
confinement
,
least
during
these
Hostilities
he
should
withdraw
himself
,
nor
could
the
intercession
of
the
Lord
Shandois
His
Majesty
of
Great
Brittains
Ambassador
residing
at
the
Port
on
his
behalf
remove
the
suspition
conceived
,
&c.
Thus
far
having
related
impartially
the
success
of
the
Christian
Armes
against
the
Turks
,
I
shall
leave
them
ingaged
in
a
bloody
and
doubtful
War
,
and
conclude
so
much
of
this
years
Campaigne
as
to
the
4th
of
June
,
1683.
has
occurred
with
an
exact
account
of
all
the
Imperial
Forces
.
The
List
whereof
take
as
followeth
,
viz.
The
Emperor
has
in
pay
27
Regiments
of
Foot
,
making
together
55700
men
,
whereof
25296
follow
the
Duke
of
Lorrain
,
4692
are
appointed
to
secure
the
upper
Hungary
,
2040
posted
at
Jabluncka
on
the
frontiers
of
Hungary
,
2040
at
Leopolstadt
on
the
Waag
,
3640
in
Austria
,
2040
at
Vienna
,
13912
in
the
Empire
,
2400
in
Bohemia
,
17
Regiments
of
Horse
making
together
13600
men
,
7
Regiments
of
Dragoons
containing
5600
men
,
&
4
Regiments
of
Croats
making
3200
,
whereof
15200
are
at
the
Camp
,
800
in
the
Upper
Hungary
,
400
at
Jabluncka
,
2400
at
Leopolstadt
,
800
in
Austria
,
and
2800
in
the
Empire
.
So
that
the
general
List
of
Horse
and
Foot
stands
thus
,
viz.
at
the
Camp
39696
,
in
the
Empire
,
16712
in
the
upper
Hungary
,
7532
making
in
all
78540
men
not
accounting
the
Hungarian
Troops
under
the
command
of
the
Palatine
,
nor
those
in
Crotia
commanded
by
the
Vice-Roy
,
nor
the
6000
Polonian
Horse
brought
into
the
Emperours
service
,
by
the
Prince
of
Lubornirski
,
which
in
conjunction
will
render
the
Emperors
total
Forces
no
less
then
100000
fighting
men
.
The
Turks
Army
together
with
the
Tartars
and
Hungarians
under
the
command
of
Count
Teckley
,
being
accounted
no
less
then
250000.
But
thou
,
O
Lord
,
on
whom
all
things
depend
,
In
gentle
Peace
let
these
dire
discords
end
.
Or
let
firm
Concord
with
the
Christians
dwell
,
To
turn
their
Swords
on
the
proud
Inf●●●●
.
CHAP.
XXV
.
A
Description
of
the
Power
,
Policy
,
Forces
,
Revenues
,
Religion
,
and
Greatness
of
the
Ottoman
Empire
;
and
by
what
Means
it
subsists
and
maintains
its
Grandeur
,
&c.
HAving
in
the
succinct
Series
of
this
History
related
the
Original
of
the
Ottoman
Empire
,
and
its
Growth
from
time
to
time
,
till
it
arrived
to
the
vast
Extent
it
at
this
Day
is
found
;
I
shall
now
proceed
to
give
the
Reader
a
View
of
the
Grandeur
of
it
,
and
by
what
means
it
is
supported
,
in
the
Description
of
the
Grand
Seignior's
Port
or
Palace
,
Government
,
Officers
,
Riches
,
Forces
,
Religion
,
and
the
like
.
The
Turks
originally
a
People
of
Scythia
,
supposed
to
have
sprung
from
the
Ten
Tribes
carried
into
Captivity
,
as
is
in
the
former
Part
of
this
History
related
,
began
their
Second
Empire
in
Asia
under
Othoman
,
about
1300
;
and
spreading
wide
,
entred
Europe
,
seizing
at
length
upon
the
pleasant
City
of
Constantinople
,
expelling
the
Greek
Emperour
,
and
making
it
the
Imperial
Seat
of
the
Othoman
Sultans
,
now
dignified
by
the
Title
of
Grand
Seigniors
:
A
Description
of
which
City
,
and
of
the
Seraglio
,
or
Imperial
Port
or
Palace
,
take
as
followeth
.
Constantinople
,
built
by
Constantine
the
Great
,
is
according
to
the
Opinion
of
many
,
sixteeen
Miles
in
circuit
,
called
by
the
Turks
,
Stambul
or
Stombolda
;
the
Sea
bearing
upon
it
on
the
North
and
South
sides
,
and
on
the
East
it
is
divided
from
Asia
by
a
large
Channel
,
which
runneth
from
the
one
Sea
to
the
other
,
being
seven
Miles
in
length
,
called
the
Straights
of
Bosphorus
.
The
City
is
built
upon
the
declining
of
a
Hill
;
for
Buildings
comparable
to
any
in
the
World
:
But
above
all
,
beautified
with
seven
Mosques
standing
upon
seven
little
Hills
,
founded
by
seven
of
the
Ottoman
Emperors
;
of
which
,
that
of
Sultan
Solyman
is
most
famous
:
And
the
Seraglio
,
now
made
the
Grand
Seignior's
Palace
,
which
is
three
Miles
in
circuit
,
standeth
on
the
North
side
,
having
on
the
one
side
of
it
the
Sea
,
and
on
the
other
the
Haven
;
the
other
two
Parts
being
encompassed
with
the
Building
of
the
City
.
This
Palace
,
Port
,
or
Seraglio
,
which
you
please
,
(
for
all
these
Names
it
bears
)
has
within
it
many
Gardens
,
Orchards
,
Meadows
,
Woods
,
pleasant
Groves
,
Fountains
,
and
all
things
else
that
can
render
it
delightful
.
The
Entrance
is
through
a
Gate
of
Iron
into
a
large
Court
,
where
on
the
left
hand
stands
a
Building
like
a
Turkish
Mosque
,
which
is
used
as
a
Store-house
for
Arms
and
Provision
;
on
the
Right
,
are
several
fair
Gardens
palazadoed
in
,
from
which
they
pass
to
another
Court
,
with
a
Gate
like
unto
the
former
;
upon
which
hang
many
Targets
,
Scymitars
,
and
other
Weapons
of
War
,
many
Porters
attending
;
through
which
they
pass
into
another
large
Court
,
planted
with
Cyprus-Trees
;
where
many
Deer
are
kept
:
which
Court
is
surrounded
with
a
Cloyster
,
which
is
in
length
680
Foot
,
and
in
breadth
500
;
paved
with
Marble
,
leaded
over
,
and
supported
by
140
Pillars
of
White
and
Gray
Marble
curiously
wrought
,
standing
upon
Basis
of
Copper
,
with
Capitals
of
the
like
Mettal
.
On
the
North
side
stands
the
Divano
,
or
Council-House
,
where
the
Grand
Vizier
,
and
such
others
as
are
by
the
Grand
Seignior
appointed
his
Councellors
,
four
times
a
Week
,
or
oftner
of
Occasion
require
it
,
sit
to
consult
the
Important
Affairs
of
the
Empire
;
to
hear
and
determine
all
Matters
of
Controversie
,
and
give
Audience
to
Ambassadors
,
and
other
Forreign
Ministers
.
In
this
Seraglio
the
Grand
Seignior
has
many
Chambers
hung
with
Cloth
of
Gold
,
gilded
Skins
,
and
Tapestries
made
of
Silk
and
Gold
;
wherein
are
lively
represented
the
Wars
of
the
Ottoman
Emperours
.
His
Lodging-Chamber
is
garnished
with
divers
Precious
Stones
of
great
value
;
and
constantly
attending
him
six
young
Men
,
who
do
Service
in
his
Chamber
,
and
watch
his
Person
all
Night
,
two
and
two
by
turns
,
with
lighted
Torches
;
the
one
sitting
at
the
Head
,
and
the
other
at
the
Feet
of
his
Bed
:
And
when
he
attires
himself
,
they
put
into
his
Pockets
a
thousand
Aspars
,
and
twenty
Ducats
of
Gold
;
the
which
,
if
he
does
not
distribute
that
Day
,
at
Night
is
their
Fee
;
for
he
seldom
or
never
puts
on
one
Suit
of
Apparel
twice
;
and
whensoever
he
goes
to
Hunting
,
or
any
the
like
Exercise
,
(
besides
the
Money
in
his
Pockets
)
his
Casnadar
Bassa
,
or
Chief
Treasurer
,
follows
him
with
great
store
of
Money
to
give
away
:
Of
these
six
Young
Men
,
who
are
changed
at
Pleasure
,
their
Offices
are
distinct
;
for
the
first
carries
his
Shoes
,
the
second
his
Bow
and
Arrows
,
the
Third
his
Vest
,
the
fourth
a
Vessel
with
Water
,
the
fifth
his
Seat
,
and
the
sixth
,
called
Oda
Bassa
,
is
Head
of
the
Chamber
.
He
hath
daily
a
great
number
of
Persons
resident
in
his
Palace
,
imployed
in
their
several
Charges
;
the
chief
of
which
are
these
:
-
First
,
The
Capi
Aga
,
by
whom
the
Grand
Seignior
speaks
to
such
as
have
any
Important
Business
;
for
no
Ambassador
can
be
admitted
to
his
Presence
,
but
at
his
first
Arrival
,
when
he
delivers
his
Letters
of
Credit
and
Presents
:
But
if
afterward
any
matter
arises
,
he
must
address
himself
to
the
Capi
Aga
,
that
is
the
Grand
Vizier
,
or
his
Substitute
.
-
Secondly
,
The
Casnadar
Bassa
,
or
Chief
Treasurer
of
the
Houshold
.
-
Thirdly
,
The
Chilergi
Bassa
,
or
Chief
Cup-Bearer
.
-
Fourthly
,
The
Seragli
Agasi
,
Steward
or
Master
of
the
Houshold
.
-
Fifthly
,
The
Chiller
Agasi
,
or
Seraider
Bassa
,
Overseer
of
the
Seraglio
of
Concubines
;
who
is
always
an
Eunuch
.
-
Sixthly
and
lastly
,
The
Bostangi
Bassa
,
or
Chief
Gardiner
;
who
is
Captain
of
the
Jamoglans
,
and
steers
the
Grand
Seignior's
Barge
.
When
ever
he
goes
by
Water
,
he
hath
a
Protogero
or
Lieutenant
,
and
many
Gardiners
,
to
attend
him
,
which
are
called
Bostangi
;
who
are
frequently
listed
in
the
number
of
Janizaries
,
when
fitted
thereto
by
hard
Labour
,
&c.
These
Six
Officers
have
no
Authority
out
of
the
Seraglio
;
yet
the
greatest
Bassa's
fear
them
,
for
that
they
being
always
near
the
Emperour
,
frequently
incense
him
against
them
to
their
Destruction
.
Near
unto
the
Grand
Seignior's
Person
,
are
commonly
six
Mutes
,
Men
born
both
Deaf
and
Dumb
,
with
whom
he
makes
himself
Pastime
.
There
are
found
likewise
about
thirty
four
more
of
the
same
Tribe
,
which
he
keeps
as
Executioners
of
his
Wrath
;
for
upon
the
least
Command
,
they
will
strangle
the
greatest
Bassa
of
the
Court
,
or
otherwise
make
him
away
,
it
being
their
frequent
Practice
.
Within
the
Seraglio
are
kept
to
the
number
of
five
hundred
,
such
Youths
as
are
taken
up
for
Tribute-Children
in
Graecia
,
and
other
Parts
of
the
Empire
;
all
Sons
of
Christians
,
who
taken
young
from
their
Parents
,
are
instructed
and
brought
up
in
divers
Arts
;
and
taught
more
especially
to
manage
all
sorts
of
Weapons
,
and
to
be
perfect
in
the
Mahometan
Superstition
;
few
of
them
being
above
eight
Years
of
Age
at
their
first
Entrance
.
Of
these
,
some
they
make
Janizaries
;
others
are
preferred
to
Offices
of
Trust
,
and
come
to
great
Preferment
:
But
none
of
them
may
,
on
Pain
of
Death
,
stir
out
of
the
Seraglio
,
till
the
Sultan
thinks
them
of
a
fit
Age
,
and
sufficiently
qualified
for
his
Service
.
He
has
in
like
manner
eighty
Mutaferache
,
or
Launce
Bearers
,
who
carry
his
Launce
;
and
are
subject
to
the
Command
of
none
but
himself
.
He
hath
in
continual
pay
a
thousand
Eunuches
,
whom
the
Turks
call
Hundurni
;
many
of
which
are
imployed
to
attend
his
Virgins
and
Concubines
in
the
Seraglio
.
They
are
not
only
deprived
of
their
Genitors
,
but
in
their
Youth
they
have
their
whole
Privities
smoothed
off
by
their
Bellies
:
And
in
their
Turbants
they
bear
a
Silver
Quill
or
Crue
,
through
which
they
evacuate
their
Urine
.
This
Inhuman
Barbarity
was
first
commanded
by
Solyman
the
Magnificent
,
who
grew
jealous
of
them
upon
his
observing
a
Gelding
back
a
Mare
;
gathering
from
thence
,
that
his
Eunuches
though
they
had
lost
their
Genitor
,
might
yet
dalliance
with
his
Females
.
The
Seraglio
of
Women
is
within
the
Palace
,
in
which
are
constantly
five
hundred
Virgins
,
the
choicest
Beauties
that
can
be
procured
,
being
all
Daughters
to
Christians
,
taken
from
their
Parents
when
they
are
about
eight
Years
of
Age
or
under
;
none
above
are
admitted
,
lest
they
should
be
debauched
e're
they
enter
.
These
are
brought
up
to
curious
Works
:
And
when
at
any
time
the
Grand
Seignior
is
desirous
to
have
any
of
them
brought
to
his
Bed
,
he
the
Day
before
gives
notice
to
the
Captain
of
the
Eunuches
;
who
commands
those
under
him
to
put
them
in
order
,
and
array
them
in
their
best
Attire
.
Which
done
the
Grand
Seignior
,
attended
by
the
said
Captain
,
walking
between
them
as
they
stand
demurely
in
rowes
on
either
Hand
;
and
where
he
likes
,
drops
his
Handkerchief
,
of
which
he
has
many
hanging
at
his
Girdle
;
which
the
Eunuches
that
follow
,
observing
,
put
her
(
or
as
many
as
his
Pleasure
is
to
signifie
by
such
Tokens
)
into
a
Coach
,
and
carry
them
to
his
Lodgings
;
where
they
are
gorgeously
attired
,
and
used
as
he
has
occasion
for
them
:
After
which
they
return
,
not
to
the
Seraglio
of
the
Virgins
,
but
have
other
Lodgings
appointed
them
.
And
when
by
reason
of
the
Failure
of
Tribute-Virgins
,
the
Seraglio
grows
empty
,
they
purchase
the
Fairest
they
can
find
in
the
Market
of
Constantinople
,
whither
they
are
brought
to
be
sold
as
Slaves
.
Another
Seraglio
there
is
,
in
which
the
Grand
Seignior
keeps
his
Sultana's
or
Sultanesses
,
and
their
Children
;
as
likewise
,
such
other
Concubines
,
of
whom
for
his
delight
he
hath
chosen
from
amongst
the
Virgins
.
He
never
marries
;
but
when
any
one
is
brought
to
his
Bed
side
,
he
gives
her
a
Golden
Head-tire
,
and
ten
thousand
Aspers
;
causing
her
to
live
apart
,
daily
increasing
her
Maintenance
.
The
first
that
bears
him
a
Child
,
is
called
the
Sultana
or
Sultaness
,
and
is
accounted
Mistress
of
the
rest
of
his
Women
;
and
by
him
,
for
the
most
part
,
best
beloved
.
The
rest
that
hath
been
brought
to
his
Bed
,
and
with
whom
he
hath
dallianced
,
are
returned
back
to
their
several
Apartments
,
there
to
expect
the
Issue
;
and
if
they
prove
not
with
Child
,
then
are
they
given
in
Marriage
to
his
Slaves
;
whom
for
their
sakes
he
advances
to
great
Dignity
,
for
the
most
part
.
He
hath
three
hundred
Sollacchi
,
who
march
continually
about
his
Person
,
and
make
(
as
it
were
)
his
Guard
,
being
under
the
Command
of
the
Aga
of
the
Janizaries
;
all
of
them
attired
in
Linnen-Garments
hanging
down
beneath
their
Knees
;
and
over
them
quilted
Wast-Coats
,
with
half
Sleeves
of
Taffety
,
Damask
,
or
Sattin
;
and
on
their
Heads
Caps
and
Feathers
,
carrying
Bows
and
Arrows
.
There
are
another
sort
of
Foot-men
,
called
Pei●●i
,
wonderful
swift
of
Foot
;
whom
he
imploys
in
the
nature
of
●●●q●ies
,
or
Foot-Posts
;
being
attired
in
Cloth
of
Cold
,
with
〈…〉
of
the
same
tyed
fast
about
them
;
upon
their
Heads
wearing
Caps
like
Butter-pots
;
with
a
Silver
Pike
standing
out
before
,
in
the
nature
of
a
Horn.
The
Porters
of
the
Court
,
that
give
Attendance
there
,
are
four
thousand
;
and
are
attired
like
the
Janizaries
,
having
over
them
three
Capigi
Bassa's
.
The
Grand
Seignior's
Power
is
so
absolute
,
and
his
Government
so
tyrannical
,
that
his
Subjects
term
themselves
his
Slaves
;
none
of
them
being
sure
of
his
Life
or
Goods
beyond
his
Pleasure
;
for
without
any
Tryal
or
Process
,
he
puts
to
Death
whom
it
pleaseth
him
,
unless
restrained
by
the
Souldiers
,
who
often
rescue
their
Minions
out
of
his
Hands
,
and
oblige
him
to
pardon
them
.
Their
Sutes
are
few
,
and
those
very
short
,
they
rarely
being
permitted
the
Favour
of
Advocates
to
procrastinate
Matters
from
coming
to
a
speedy
Result
;
tho'
commonly
he
who
can
bribe
most
,
fares
the
best
:
For
the
Turks
are
of
all
Nations
the
most
Avaricious
,
doing
no
Man
a
Kindness
unless
they
are
fee'd
;
though
they
have
the
least
Certainty
of
any
People
,
to
keep
what
they
have
gotten
,
all
(
as
is
aforesaid
)
being
at
the
Disposal
of
the
Prince
.
They
punish
Crimes
with
great
Severity
,
and
so
speedily
,
that
it
is
observed
that
seldom
any
Theft
or
Murther
is
committed
by
any
private
Turk
;
but
what
Outrages
do
happen
in
the
City
,
or
elsewhere
,
are
committed
commonly
by
the
Grecians
,
and
those
that
are
not
of
the
Progeny
of
the
Turks
.
The
Grand
Seignior's
Chief
Councellor
is
the
Great
Vizier
;
who
wears
his
Signet
,
and
is
stiled
his
Lieutenant
;
every
Divano-day
giving
him
an
exact
Account
what
is
said
and
done
:
Nor
dare
he
dissemble
in
ought
;
for
that
the
Grand
Seignior
has
a
Window
,
from
whence
he
can
see
and
hear
,
and
yet
not
be
seen
himself
;
which
Window
looks
into
the
Divano
.
When
this
Vizier
is
abroad
,
which
never
happens
unless
to
be
General
of
an
Army
,
or
upon
some
such
like
important
Occasion
;
at
what
time
he
appoints
his
Lieutenant
to
officiate
in
his
Absence
,
who
is
called
the
Chimacham
.
Next
unto
the
Bassa's
,
(
of
which
there
are
many
dispersed
throughout
the
Empire
,
to
manage
the
Affairs
thereof
)
are
the
Beglerbegs
,
or
Lords
of
Lords
:
They
are
Men
of
great
Authority
,
and
have
the
Command
of
great
Kingdoms
and
Armies
;
under
whose
Obedience
are
divers
Sanzacks
,
which
are
sent
as
Governors
into
Provinces
,
during
the
Princes
Pleasure
;
being
Men
of
great
Experience
;
for
the
most
part
,
commanding
over
the
Spahi
and
Timariots
,
the
Turks
chief
Horsmen
,
whom
they
continually
exercise
to
render
them
the
more
expert
.
The
Chief
of
these
Beglerbegs
,
is
the
Beglerbeg
of
Romania
or
Grecia
,
under
whose
Command
are
twenty
one
Sanzacks
;
next
to
him
is
the
Beglerbeg
of
Buda
,
who
hath
under
his
Command
thirteen
Sanzacks
:
The
Beglerbeg
of
Temeswar
has
under
his
Command
eight
Sanzacks
:
The
Beglerbeg
of
Bosna
hath
under
his
Command
nine
Sanzacks
:
The
Beglerbegship
of
Coffe
or
Capha
,
who
resideth
in
Taurica
Chersonesus
,
and
commandeth
over
the
Sanzacks
near
unto
the
great
River
Tanais
,
and
the
Fenns
of
Maeotis
,
which
was
at
first
but
a
Sanzackship
,
and
depended
upon
the
Beglerbegship
of
Grecia
;
and
is
indeed
rather
a
Beglerbegship
in
Name
,
than
in
Power
.
These
Beglerbegs
,
or
Lords
of
Lords
,
great
Governours
of
the
Turkish
Empire
in
Europe
,
besides
the
Sanzacks
,
have
under
their
Command
257000
Timariots
or
Horse-men
,
who
are
bound
for
certain
Lands
alotted
them
by
the
Grand
Seignior
,
out
of
his
Conquests
,
to
serve
in
the
Wars
upon
all
Occasions
.
The
Beglerbegs
,
or
Great
Commanders
of
the
Turk's
Empire
in
Asia
,
are
thirty
in
number
;
under
whom
are
a
proportionable
number
of
Sanzacks
,
and
not
less
than
400000
Timariots
.
The
Beglerbegs
commanding
the
Turk's
Empire
in
Africa
,
are
four
;
and
have
under
them
fourteen
Sanzacks
,
and
sixty
two
thousand
Timariots
.
Besides
these
Timariot-Horsemen
,
there
are
the
Spahi
,
who
are
for
the
most
part
Europeans
,
being
such
as
were
brought
up
in
their
Infancy
,
or
taken
Captive
:
As
likewise
,
Spa●hoglanians
,
Silictarians
,
and
Olofagians
;
who
have
likewise
Lands
,
or
Annual
Pensions
assigned
them
;
for
which
they
are
bound
to
serve
in
the
Wars
:
for
no
Man
in
the
Ottoman
Empire
can
have
any
Lands
,
or
Yearly
Revenues
that
way
,
but
must
be
ready
,
or
send
others
in
his
stead
;
it
being
held
,
that
the
whole
Empire
in
Fee
simple
,
is
the
Grand
Seigniors
:
No
Man
being
permitted
to
buy
or
injoy
any
Lands
longer
,
than
it
pleases
his
Prince
:
Nor
can
any
one
claim
a
Propriety
to
a
Foot
,
unless
by
the
Donation
of
the
Grand
Seignior
,
or
his
Assignment
;
and
that
last
,
at
longest
,
but
during
the
Natural
Life
of
him
,
to
whom
it
is
so
given
or
assigned
.
These
Horsemen
march
under
a
white
Banner
,
being
armed
with
strong
Coats
,
Bows
,
and
Arrows
,
Culeverings
,
Scymitars
,
and
Battle
Axes
.
Another
sort
of
Horsemen
there
are
,
called
Caripices
,
not
exceeding
eight
hundred
;
who
still
ride
near
the
Grand
Seignior
,
as
his
Life-guard
,
in
the
middle
of
the
Battalion
of
the
Janizaries
;
and
are
the
best
Horsemen
accounted
of
all
others
,
being
(
for
the
most
part
)
Sons
of
the
Great
Commanders
.
As
for
his
Foot
Forces
,
the
chief
Strength
consists
of
Janizaries
,
who
are
Children
taken
from
their
Christian
Parents
,
and
inured
in
their
Youth
to
all
manner
of
Hardship
,
taught
all
the
Use
of
Arms
,
and
trained
up
in
all
Warlike
Discipline
,
till
they
are
adjudged
fit
to
be
inrolled
for
the
War
.
These
are
taken
up
in
Europe
,
no
Children
born
either
in
Asia
or
Africa
being
admitted
into
their
Seminary
.
These
Men
always
inclose
the
Person
of
the
Grand
Seignior
at
what
time
he
marches
with
his
Army
;
and
are
the
last
that
fight
,
unless
urgent
Necessity
require
it
.
They
wear
white
Caps
,
carry
Harquibusses
,
and
sharp
Scymitars
;
who
since
their
first
Institution
have
been
the
chief
Supporters
of
the
Turkish
Empire
;
but
of
late
they
are
much
degenerated
from
their
former
Discipline
,
giving
themselves
up
wholly
to
Ease
and
Pleasure
;
yet
keep
themselves
in
good
order
,
for
the
most
part
.
There
remains
twenty
four
thousand
of
them
in
Constantinople
,
and
a
far
greater
number
in
divers
Places
of
the
Empire
.
They
are
commanded
by
their
Aga
,
or
Captain
,
to
whom
nothing
is
so
fatal
as
their
Love
for
him
;
for
then
the
Grand
Seignior
has
him
in
mistrust
,
and
well
is
it
if
he
be
not
made
away
.
They
sleep
together
in
great
Halls
,
their
Beds
being
placed
on
either
side
;
and
all
those
of
a
Squadron
feed
at
one
Table
;
the
Younger
ever
serve
the
Elder
:
And
if
any
one
of
them
be
absent
from
his
Lodging
in
the
Night
,
unless
upon
publick
occasion
,
then
is
he
the
next
day
severely
c●dgelled
,
and
nevertheless
obliged
to
kiss
the
Hand
that
beat
him
.
Their
Imploys
are
different
in
time
of
Peace
;
for
some
wait
upon
Ambassadors
,
others
upon
Merchants
and
Consuls
,
others
again
upon
such
as
travel
through
the
Turkish
Empire
.
They
likewise
arrest
Malefactors
,
and
see
good
Order
kept
,
being
feared
of
all
Men
;
insomuch
that
if
they
buy
any
thing
,
they
will
have
it
at
their
own
Price
,
the
Vender
not
daring
to
refuse
it
.
They
have
great
Power
in
their
Princes
Election
;
no
Emperour
thinking
himself
safe
in
his
Throne
,
till
they
approve
of
him
:
So
that
to
gain
their
good
Opinion
,
every
new
Emperour
at
his
entring
upon
the
Government
,
distributes
large
Sums
of
Money
amongst
them
,
and
increases
their
Stipends
.
Though
the
chief
Strength
of
the
Turkish
Foot
Forces
rests
in
the
Janizaries
;
yet
are
there
another
sort
of
Foot-Men
,
called
Acouices
;
which
is
a
Forlorn
Hope
.
These
receive
no
Pay
,
but
have
free
liberty
to
plunder
;
so
that
they
deliver
the
fifth
Part
to
the
Grand
Seigniour
.
Another
kind
there
are
,
called
Asapi
;
who
are
but
of
small
Account
,
and
rather
used
as
Pioneers
,
than
to
encounter
the
Enemy
;
yet
are
they
often
thrust
into
the
Front
of
the
Battle
,
with
their
Bodies
to
blunt
the
Enemies
Swords
,
or
to
scale
the
Walls
of
Towns
;
that
by
being
slaughter'd
,
their
Dead
Bodies
may
fill
up
the
Ditches
,
and
so
give
the
Janizaries
opportunity
on
their
Dead
Carkasses
to
mount
the
Bullwarks
.
The
Grand
Seignior
keeps
in
continual
Pay
six
thousand
Gunners
,
whom
the
Turks
call
Topegi
;
and
for
the
Guard
of
the
Powder
and
Shot
,
upon
the
March
of
the
Army
,
twelve
thousand
Men
are
kept
in
pay
,
called
Jebegi
.
The
Grand
Seignior
hath
likewise
certain
Officers
attending
on
him
,
to
the
number
of
three
thousand
,
whom
they
call
Chiaus
;
which
act
in
the
Nature
of
Serjeants
at
Arms.
These
Men
are
well
esteemed
,
and
are
often
employed
in
Embassies
to
Forreign
Princes
:
They
also
carry
Letters
or
Commendations
from
the
Grand
Seignior
,
or
his
Chief
Vizier
;
and
are
impower'd
to
apprehend
Malefactors
:
But
never
go
to
the
Wars
,
unless
the
Grand
Seignior
be
there
in
Person
.
They
are
commanded
by
a
Chiaus
Bassa
;
who
is
of
such
Credit
with
all
Men
,
that
when
he
is
sent
by
the
Grand
Seignior
to
any
Bassa
,
Sanzack
,
or
Caddi
,
to
have
any
Man's
Head
cut
off
,
though
he
have
no
Warrant
in
writing
,
yet
his
Authority
is
not
disputed
.
Thus
have
I
set
down
the
Land
Forces
of
the
Turkish
Empire
;
in
number
so
great
,
that
in
shew
they
should
breed
Confusion
,
and
ruin
themselves
;
yet
such
is
the
Order
and
Discipline
,
that
in
that
point
they
give
place
to
none
.
They
live
(
for
the
most
part
)
on
a
little
Bread
baked
in
the
Ashes
,
with
Rice
and
Powder
of
Flesh
dried
in
the
Sun
.
Wine
is
forbidden
them
by
their
Law
,
though
't
is
often
drunk
by
them
in
private
,
especially
the
Great
Commanders
.
No
Women
are
seen
in
their
Armies
.
In
their
March
they
observe
a
wonderful
Silence
;
and
all
the
Soldiers
are
governed
by
the
Beck
of
the
Hand
,
or
Shew
of
the
Countenance
.
Quarrels
and
Thefts
are
severely
punished
.
When
they
March
they
dare
not
enter
any
Corn-field
or
Vineyard
.
The
Valiant
are
assured
of
Preferment
,
and
the
Coward
of
Punishment
.
As
for
the
Grand
Seignior's
Naval
Forces
,
they
are
great
;
he
having
of
late
,
for
Gain-sake
,
allured
many
Christian
Carpenters
and
Shipwrights
to
his
Arsenal
,
and
hath
a
great
number
of
Men
trained
up
in
Marine
Affairs
,
by
being
continually
imployed
aboard
his
Gallies
at
Rhodes
,
Cyprus
,
and
Mitylene
and
Alexandria
.
He
has
also
at
his
Beck
the
Pirates
of
Tunis
,
Tripoley
,
Sally
,
Argire
,
and
other
Places
;
from
amongst
whom
he
chooses
his
prime
Commanders
in
Marine
Affairs
.
To
maintain
these
great
Forces
,
it
is
requisite
a
wonderful
Mass
of
Money
should
be
imployed
,
which
is
the
Sinews
of
War
,
and
without
which
so
great
an
Empire
could
not
be
kept
in
frame
,
though
many
are
of
opinion
,
that
the
Grand
Seignior's
Annual
Revenues
exceed
not
eight
Millions
;
meaning
thereby
,
that
which
is
collected
of
his
Subjects
,
and
upon
the
account
of
Customs
:
For
which
they
give
these
Reasons
:
First
,
That
the
Turks
have
no
care
but
of
Arms
;
the
which
do
rather
ruin
,
than
enrich
a
Country
.
Secondly
,
They
consume
so
many
Men
in
their
Enterprizes
,
that
they
scarce
leave
a
sufficient
number
to
manure
the
Land
;
insomuch
that
the
Subjects
despairing
to
injoy
their
Wealth
,
and
necessary
Commodities
,
which
they
might
get
by
their
Labour
and
Industry
,
employ
not
themselves
to
work
nor
traffick
,
more
than
by
necessity
they
are
constrained
:
For
they
argue
,
't
is
to
no
purpose
to
labour
for
another
,
their
Lives
and
Estates
being
daily
exposed
to
the
Mercy
of
their
Prince
:
And
for
this
Reason
,
many
spacious
Countries
in
the
Turkish
Empire
lie
waste
;
which
neglect
frequently
causes
a
Dearth
.
A
Third
Reason
that
is
given
,
why
the
Grand
Seignior's
Revenues
are
no
greater
,
is
,
for
that
when
he
Conquers
any
Country
,
he
assigns
the
Lands
therein
to
his
Timariots
,
who
serve
in
the
Wars
,
and
are
no
otherwise
liable
to
accommodate
their
Prince
.
But
although
his
ordinary
Revenues
amount
to
no
great
Sum
,
in
consideration
of
the
large
Circuit
of
his
Empire
;
yet
his
extraordinary
Profits
accruing
by
Confiscations
,
Presents
,
(
for
no
Stranger
may
approach
his
Presence
empty
handed
)
and
Mony
raised
upon
Places
and
Offices
of
Trust
,
amount
to
a
far
greater
Sum
than
what
has
been
mentioned
.
Nor
are
the
Sums
small
,
which
he
draws
from
the
Princes
their
Tributaries
,
that
are
not
absolutely
under
his
Jurisdiction
;
as
Moldavia
,
Vallachia
,
and
Transylvania
,
with
many
more
.
So
that
in
all
,
moderate
Writers
affirm
,
That
his
Coffers
are
yearly
supplied
with
twenty
Millions
:
The
Management
of
which
is
left
to
the
Defterdari
,
or
chief
Treasurer
,
who
has
many
Sub-officers
under
him
.
Thus
much
having
been
spoken
of
the
Forces
,
Revenues
,
and
great
Officers
;
I
shall
now
proceed
to
give
the
Reader
a
View
of
their
Religion
,
if
it
may
without
offence
be
so
termed
;
which
they
call
the
Law
of
their
great
Prophet
.
As
for
their
Religion
,
it
began
in
the
time
of
Heraclius
the
Emperor
;
at
what
time
the
Heresie
of
Arius
and
Nestorius
spread
it self
:
to
whose
Infamous
Proselytes
Mahomet
the
Impostor
,
born
in
Arabia
,
joyned
himself
;
impiously
denying
the
Divinity
of
Christ
,
and
proclaiming
himself
a
Prophet
sent
from
God
,
drawing
a
Multitude
after
him
:
Insomuch
that
such
as
would
not
receive
his
impious
Tenents
by
fair
means
,
he
compelled
by
force
:
And
the
better
to
ingratiate
himself
with
the
lewd
and
licentious
sort
of
People
,
he
tolerated
all
manner
of
Lust
,
and
Worldly
Delights
.
By
the
Law
this
Impostor
left
,
and
that
now
has
overspread
two
Parts
of
the
World
,
a
Distinction
is
made
between
clean
and
unclean
Meats
,
to
content
the
Jews
,
who
are
the
greatest
Merchants
in
the
Ottoman
Empire
.
They
also
maintain
Circumcision
,
but
not
at
the
Expiration
of
Eight
Days
,
according
to
the
Jewish
Custom
;
but
at
the
End
of
Eight
Years
,
when
the
Infant
is
able
to
make
a
Confession
of
his
Belief
;
and
lifting
up
his
Finger
to
speak
these
words
in
the
Arabick
Tongue
,
viz.
There
is
but
One
God
,
and
Mahomet
is
his
Prophet
;
one
God
,
and
equal
Prophets
.
The
Circumcision
ended
,
they
feast
three
Days
.
As
for
the
Female
Children
,
they
at
eight
Years
old
speak
the
same
words
;
but
are
not
capable
of
Circumcision
.
If
any
Christian
turn
Apostate
,
and
deny
his
Redeemer
,
which
(
to
the
loss
of
their
Souls
)
too
many
do
,
only
to
avoid
Taxations
and
Tribute
,
they
are
led
through
the
Town
or
City
,
where
they
dwell
in
great
Triumph
,
many
People
presenting
them
with
Gifts
,
as
they
pass
,
to
encourage
them
to
persevere
in
what
they
have
undertaken
.
And
for
the
Men
,
at
what
Age
soever
they
are
,
they
must
be
Circumcised
.
The
Law
of
Mahomet
is
contained
in
his
Alchoran
;
wherein
he
confesseth
One
God
,
and
honoureth
Jesus
Christ
as
a
great
Prophet
:
But
impiously
denies
him
to
be
the
Son
of
God
.
The
Turks
by
their
Law
are
forbid
to
worship
Images
,
or
to
have
any
placed
in
their
Mosques
:
The
whole
Series
of
the
Alcoran
being
full
of
Fables
and
Fictions
,
much
like
to
those
the
Poets
feigned
of
the
Elizium-Shades
;
indulging
Men
in
all
Sensuality
during
this
Life
,
and
promising
them
a
Paradise
,
where
they
shall
enjoy
the
like
more
perfectly
after
Death
.
Their
Sabbath
is
kept
on
our
Fryday
.
They
keep
Lent
thirty
Days
;
during
which
space
they
eat
nothing
in
the
day-time
,
but
take
their
Repast
after
Sun-set
,
abstaining
from
Wine
and
Women
.
This
Lent
is
called
by
them
Ramaden
.
They
likewise
observe
an
Easter
,
called
Bayran
;
which
continues
for
the
space
of
the
three
Days
,
though
not
always
prefixed
by
reason
they
begin
it
in
the
New
of
the
Moon
.
They
have
no
Bells
in
their
Mosques
;
neither
do
they
suffer
the
Christians
to
have
any
that
live
amongst
them
.
When
they
enter
the
said
Mosques
,
they
leave
their
Shooes
at
the
Door
,
and
take
them
again
when
they
return
.
Where
soever
they
sit
or
stand
in
their
Religious
Houses
,
they
have
Tapestry
or
Mats
under
them
,
as
not
thinking
their
Feet
holy
enough
to
stand
in
that
Place
,
during
the
Reading
their
Law
;
and
if
they
look
back
,
or
scratch
their
Head
till
the
Orizon
is
ended
,
they
think
they
have
lost
the
Benefit
they
were
at
that
time
to
receive
by
their
coming
thither
.
They
are
not
much
addicted
to
Learning
;
yet
of
late
they
have
brought
up
their
Children
to
use
the
Arabick
Tongue
,
in
which
their
Law
is
written
.
By
this
Law
they
have
leave
to
marry
as
many
Wives
as
they
can
maintain
;
and
when
once
any
of
them
proves
with
Child
,
her
Husband
may
not
carnally
know
her
till
she
is
delivered
.
They
have
certain
Marriages
contracted
during
Pleasure
,
which
they
call
Kebin
,
mostly
practised
by
Strangers
;
who
may
,
for
a
certain
Sum
of
Money
,
have
the
Use
of
a
Woman
during
his
Pleasure
:
Yet
when
he
turns
her
off
,
if
she
have
any
Children
,
he
is
bound
to
keep
them
.
A
Turk
having
had
to
do
with
a
Christian
Woman
,
both
of
them
upon
Conviction
are
to
suffer
Death
,
unless
she
add
sin
to
sin
,
by
renouncing
her
Faith
.
The
like
is
to
be
observed
between
a
Christian
,
and
a
Turkish
Woman
;
though
either
Offence
,
by
bribing
the
Caddi's
or
Judges
,
may
be
omitted
.
They
allow
of
Divorce
in
case
of
Barrenness
or
Incontinency
.
The
chief
Interpreter
of
these
Laws
,
is
the
Muphti
,
or
Arch-Priest
,
who
is
chosen
by
the
Grand
Seignior
;
and
is
greatly
reverenced
amongst
the
Turks
,
being
Head
of
their
Church
,
and
Decider
of
all
Controversies
arising
in
matter
of
their
Superstitious
Religion
.
His
Eminency
is
such
,
that
all
the
Bassa's
are
subject
to
his
Direction
.
He
abaseth
himself
not
so
much
as
to
sit
in
the
Divano
;
only
passing
through
it
,
when
he
is
sent
for
by
the
Grand
Seignior
;
who
at
his
approach
riseth
from
his
Seat
,
(
an
Honour
not
allowed
to
any
other
)
and
then
they
sit
together
,
and
familiarly
discourse
of
their
Affairs
.
The
next
to
him
are
the
Cadilesquires
,
or
Talismen
:
Two
Doctors
of
the
Law
,
whose
place
it
is
to
Examine
the
Caddi's
or
Judges
,
who
are
dispersed
throughout
the
Provinces
of
the
Empire
,
and
are
always
attendant
upon
the
Grand
Seignior
:
The
one
of
them
having
Jurisdiction
over
all
the
European
Caddi's
,
and
the
other
on
those
residing
in
Asia
;
there
being
few
Cities
,
or
great
Towns
,
in
which
one
of
the
Caddi's
have
not
their
Residence
there
,
to
hear
and
determine
Matters
of
Controversie
arising
between
Man
and
Man
.
The
Cadilesquires
are
likewise
Soveraign
Judges
within
their
own
Jurisdiction
,
in
all
Causes
belonging
to
their
Religion
,
as
it
were
Patriarks
.
They
are
of
great
Authority
,
and
have
places
in
the
Divano
,
and
in
Council
with
the
Bassa's
,
consult
the
weighty
Affairs
of
the
Empire
.
There
is
a
third
Degree
of
Church-Men
,
not
belonging
to
their
Law
,
called
Mulli
;
which
they
account
their
Bishops
,
and
are
directed
in
their
Affairs
by
the
Muphti
.
Their
Office
is
to
place
and
displace
Church-Men
as
they
see
it
convenient
.
Another
sort
there
are
,
called
the
Nuderisi
,
who
act
in
the
nature
of
Suffragans
,
and
have
under
them
several
young
Doctors
of
the
Law
,
who
are
their
Disciples
,
called
Naipi
;
who
are
,
in
the
Absence
of
the
Caddi's
,
constituted
to
hear
and
redress
Grievances
.
After
these
are
the
Hagi
,
who
are
employed
to
write
their
Books
,
they
in
no
wise
allowing
them
to
be
Printed
;
and
inferior
unto
these
are
the
Cassi
,
who
read
unto
them
what
they
write
,
&c.
These
are
their
several
Degrees
of
Lawyers
,
and
Church-Men
;
for
the
Turks
are
governed
by
a
kind
of
Ecclesiastical
Law
,
according
to
their
Alchoran
.
Many
Colledges
they
have
,
which
they
call
Medressae's
,
situate
not
only
in
Constantinople
,
but
in
divers
other
Cities
.
And
thus
,
Reader
,
have
I
related
the
Suceinct
Series
of
This
History
,
as
near
as
can
be
gathered
from
Authors
of
undoubted
Credit
,
and
my
own
Knowledge
:
And
now
nothing
more
remains
,
but
to
make
known
the
Vastness
of
the
Ottoman
Empire
;
which
is
,
for
the
most
part
,
the
Subject
of
This
History
.
Know
then
,
that
since
the
Reign
of
Ottoman
,
first
Founder
of
the
Turkish
Empire
,
it
has
proudly
built
it self
upon
the
Four
Monarchies
of
the
World
,
viz.
the
Assyrian
,
Grecian
,
Persian
,
and
Roman
Empires
;
for
they
enjoy
Babylon
,
and
all
Chaldea
,
with
the
Kingdom
of
Media
,
a
great
part
of
Persia
,
all
Greece
,
with
the
Kingdom
of
Egypt
,
and
the
greatest
Part
of
Arabia
;
the
Islands
of
Cyprus
,
Rhodes
,
Mitylene
,
Negropont
,
Ch●o
or
Scio
,
Candia
,
and
many
others
:
The
Empire
of
Trepezond
,
the
Kingdoms
of
Colchis
,
now
called
Mingrelia
,
Tunis
,
and
Argeirs
,
Dalmatia
,
Illyria
,
and
Triballenia
;
the
Countries
of
Transylvania
,
Wallachia
,
Moldavia
,
and
Bulgaria
:
A
great
part
of
Hungary
,
and
many
other
Countries
,
which
hold
of
the
Empire
,
and
pay
Tribute
to
the
Grand
Seignior
;
who
in
Europe
hath
all
the
Sea-Coast
from
the
Confines
of
Epidaurus
,
the
utmost
Boundard
of
his
Empire
in
Europe
,
Westward
,
unto
the
Mouth
of
the
River
Tanais
,
now
called
Don
;
with
all
that
lieth
between
the
City
of
Buda
,
and
Constantinople
:
and
Southward
,
all
the
Sea-Coast
from
Velex
or
Belis
,
the
Boundard
of
the
Kingdom
of
Fez
,
unto
the
Arabian
Gulph
,
or
Red-Sea
;
and
so
proportionably
every
way
:
The
Greatness
of
which
may
be
better
conjectured
by
the
Greatness
of
some
part
thereof
;
for
the
Meere
of
Maetis
,
which
is
all
at
the
Grand
Seignior's
Command
,
is
in
Compass
one
thousand
Miles
;
and
the
Euxine
,
or
Black
Sea
,
in
Circuit
two
thousand
seven
hundred
Miles
:
The
Mediterranean-Coast
,
which
is
subject
unto
him
,
is
in
Compass
upward
of
eight
thousand
Miles
.
But
to
speak
of
his
whole
Territory
together
,
he
passeth
in
his
own
Dominion
from
Tauris
to
Buda
three
thousand
two
hundred
Miles
;
and
the
like
Distance
from
Derbent
to
Adena
:
From
Balsera
,
upon
the
Persian-Gulph
,
to
Tremisena
in
Barbary
,
is
accounted
little
less
than
about
four
thousand
.
Yet
that
this
great
Empire
will
not
long
consist
,
but
like
those
that
have
preceded
it
,
be
again
brought
to
nothing
,
the
Turks
themselves
have
divers
Prophesies
:
Nor
is
Sacred
Writ
silent
in
this
Matter
;
many
of
the
Prophets
plainly
foretelling
its
Rise
and
Fall
;
which
will
undoubtedly
be
manifested
,
when
God
(
in
whose
deep
Counsels
the
Gr●at
Revolutions
of
Empires
and
Kingdoms
are
from
Eternity
shut
up
)
shall
in
his
Infinite
Wisdom
see
fit
time
,
to
the
unspeakable
Comfort
of
the
poor
afflicted
Christians
,
that
groan
under
the
Oppression
and
Tyranny
of
those
proud
Infidels
,
Enemies
to
the
Name
of
our
Lord
and
Saviour
Jesus
Christ
,
God
blessed
for
ever-more
,
Amen
.
FINIS
.