A
Brief
View
of
the
late
troubles
and
confusions
in
England
,
begun
and
occasioned
by
a
prevailing
faction
in
the
Long
Parliament
.
ANNO
1640.
Novem.
3.
began
the
Parliament
,
Long
Parliament
,
(
we
may
truly
term
it
the
Black
,
or
the
Bloody
Parliament
)
that
involved
the
three
Nations
in
blood
,
and
destroyed
the
King
,
the
Parliament
it self
,
and
three
Kingdoms
.
The
King
in
the
beginning
of
this
Parliament
,
had
for
the
security
of
the
Subjects
in
their
Persons
,
Liberties
,
and
Estates
,
passed
many
and
several
Acts
of
grace
,
(
to
the
no
small
diminution
of
his
Royal
Prerogative
)
more
than
all
his
Predecessors
Kings
of
England
,
from
the
Conquest
downward
,
had
ever
done
;
and
all
this
to
remove
from
them
all
jealousies
and
fears
.
After
this
in
May
,
to
be
cast
over-board
,
thereby
to
appease
the
violent
rage
of
a
tempestuous
people
.
The
truth
is
,
this
Nobleman
,
as
also
the
Arch-Bishop
of
Canterbury
(
afterwards
Anno
1644.
)
were
meerly
sacrificed
to
the
malice
and
revenge
of
the
Scots
.
In
August
following
,
the
King
goes
into
Scotland
,
to
compose
differences
there
,
between
himself
and
his
Subjects
of
that
Kingdom
:
which
done
,
he
returns
again
to
London
,
and
is
there
received
with
exceeding
joy
and
triumph
of
the
people
,
in
or
about
the
beginning
of
December
.
The
House
of
Commons
to
welcome
his
Majesty
home
,
instead
of
giving
him
thanks
for
the
many
gracious
Acts
he
had
lately
passed
,
they
present
him
with
a
Remonstrance
,
Dec.
15.
laying
open
all
the
miscarriages
and
misfortunes
of
his
whole
Government
,
from
the
beginning
of
his
Raign
,
even
to
that
present
;
and
this
they
publish
,
contrary
to
his
express
desire
,
to
the
whole
Kingdom
;
whereby
they
gave
occasion
to
the
people
,
to
conceive
jealousies
and
suspicions
of
a
malignant
party
about
the
King
,
still
carrying
on
their
own
designs
,
both
against
Religion
,
and
the
Laws
of
the
Land
.
After
the
publishing
of
this
Remonstrance
,
fears
and
jealousies
encrease
among
the
people
;
the
vulgar
rabble
in
and
about
London
,
frequently
flock
down
to
Westminster
,
with
Petitions
and
clamours
,
against
the
Bishops
and
Popish
Lords
,
and
disaffected
Members
(
as
they
termed
them
)
in
the
House
of
Commons
,
and
no
redress
could
be
had
against
them
,
though
the
House
of
Lords
and
the
King
himself
had
moved
the
House
of
Commons
to
declare
against
them
.
The
truth
is
,
they
were
favored
and
countenanced
under
hand
,
by
some
Members
of
that
House
.
The
King
to
avoid
the
danger
of
these
tumults
,
withdraws
from
Whitehall
to
Windsor
;
from
thence
afterwards
to
Newmarket
,
and
so
by
Cambridge
into
the
Northern
parts
;
and
thence
to
York
.
The
Parliament
soon
after
his
removal
from
Whitehall
,
petition
Him
,
at
Newmarket
,
and
elsewhere
,
for
the
Militia
,
to
have
it
put
into
such
hands
as
the
two
Houses
shall
think
fit
;
but
he
denyes
them
:
telling
them
that
the
Law
hath
setled
it
in
Him
;
that
to
divest
Himself
of
the
power
of
the
Sword
,
is
to
bereave
Himself
of
power
to
protect
his
people
,
and
support
the
Laws
.
This
Petition
was
much
insisted
on
by
the
Parliament
under
pretence
of
feares
and
jealousies
;
but
the
King
absolutely
and
p●remptorily
denyes
it
.
The
King
by
several
journeys
comes
to
York
,
in
the
beginning
of
the
year
1642
,
and
there
he
settles
His
Court.
Soon
after
his
coming
●●to
those
parts
,
he
was
denyed
enterance
into
Hull
by
Sir
John
Hotham
,
when
he
offer'd
to
go
into
the
Town
but
with
twenty
persons
attending
Him
;
The
King
thereupon
fearing
,
lest
the
same
armed
force
that
kept
Him
out
of
Hull
,
might
surprize
His
Person
at
York
,
he
entertaines
a
guard
of
the
Gentry
of
that
County
.
This
by
the
house
of
Commons
is
Voted
a
levying
of
War
against
the
Parliament
,
though
they
themselves
had
long
before
,
three
times
as
many
of
the
Trainedbands
of
the
City
,
to
guard
the
houses
dayly
.
Many
Petitions
,
Answers
,
and
Declarations
,
passed
between
the
King
and
Parliament
,
during
his
Majesties
being
at
York
,
wherein
it
is
evident
to
all
understanding
men
,
that
the
King
had
the
better
cause
,
and
was
more
able
to
maintain
it
by
the
pen
,
and
by
reasons
and
arguments
,
than
the
Parliament
was
;
for
the
truth
is
,
his
Declarations
,
and
Answers
to
their
Messages
,
Petitions
,
and
Propositions
were
unanswerable
.
But
words
and
writings
not
being
sufficient
to
compose
these
differences
,
they
proceed
from
words
to
blows
:
About
July
,
they
Vote
that
the
King
is
seduced
by
evill
and
Malignant
Counsellers
,
and
thereupon
they
Vote
an
Army
to
be
raised
under
the
Command
of
Robert
Earle
of
Essex
;
the
pretence
is
for
King
and
Parliament
,
against
these
Malignant
Counsellers
;
but
they
accuse
or
name
none
in
particular
.
The
same
year
,
Aug.
24.
the
King
sets
up
his
Standard
at
Nottingham
,
commanding
all
men
who
were
bound
to
assist
him
by
vertue
of
their
Tenures
,
to
repair
unto
him
.
Leicester
,
Worcester
,
Shrewsbury
,
and
so
upon
the
borders
of
Wales
,
gathering
an
Army
;
Essex
all
this
time
marching
after
him
,
and
pursuing
him
.
After
some
little
conflict
at
Worcester
,
wherein
the
Kings
Forces
under
the
conduct
of
Prince
Rupert
,
&
Maurice
had
the
better
,
the
two
Armies
meet
at
Edge-hill
near
Keynton
in
Warwickshire
,
where
the
first
Signal
Battel
was
fought
between
them
,
with
great
losse
and
slaughter
on
either
side
:
The
Kings
standard
being
taken
,
yet
recovered
again
;
his
General
the
Earl
of
Lindsey
slain
;
but
the
King
had
the
better
,
keeping
the
field
all
night
;
and
Essex
Retreating
with
his
broken
Forces
to
Warwick-Castle
,
and
from
thence
soon
after
with
a
few
horses
to
London
:
This
Battel
was
fought
on
Sunday
Octob.
23.
and
the
Guns
were
heard
all
that
afternoon
to
Thetford
in
Norfolk
.
The
King
presently
after
enters
Oxford
,
and
fortifies
it
,
and
marches
to
Reading
and
Windsor
,
and
so
towards
London
;
The
Citizens
arming
and
sending
forth
all
the
power
they
could
make
against
him
.
At
Branford
he
encountred
them
about
Novem.
12.
and
beat
the
party
that
opposed
;
but
fearing
least
he
should
be
surrounded
with
their
numerous
Army
of
Citizens
,
he
Retreated
back
to
Windsor
,
and.
Fortifying
Reading
,
he
marches
back
to
Oxford
;
but
about
the
latter
end
of
the
year
Reading
is
besieged
by
the
Parliaments
Forces
,
and
the
Governour
Sir
Arthur
Ashton
being
unhappily
wounded
with
a
brick
falling
from
a
Chimney
beaten
down
by
a
Canon-shot
,
the
Garison
is
yeilded
upon
composition
by
Colonel
Fielding
.
Anno
1643.
The
Kings
Forces
prevail
in
the
West
,
Ralph
Hopton
,
Sir
Richard
Grenvile
and
others
,
beating
out
the
Earl
of
Stamford
who
commanded
there
for
the
Parliament
.
The
Earl
of
Newcastle
for
the
King
growes
very
strong
in
the
North
,
beats
the
Lord
Fairfax
in
several
Encounters
,
and
takes
in
all
places
of
strength
,
except
Hull
,
into
which
the
Lord
Fairfax
had
fled
.
The
Queen
lands
at
Bridlington
with
arms
and
ammunition
out
of
Holland
;
she
marches
by
Nottingham
,
and
so
to
Oxford
:
The
King
the
mean
time
takes
Bristol
;
thence
he
removes
&
summons
Gloucester
,
which
refusing
to
yield
,
he
sets
down
before
it
.
The
terror
of
Newcastles
Army
affrights
Norfolk
,
and
the
Associated
Counties
,
in
so
much
as
many
of
the
Parliament
side
are
preparing
to
flie
beyond
sea
for
their
security
.
But
the
King
setting
down
before
Gloucester
,
and
Newcastle
before
Hull
,
wasted
their
Armies
,
and
trifled
away
their
time
;
whereas
had
they
joyned
and
marched
directly
up
to
London
,
all
had
lain
prostrate
at
their
feet
.
The
King
lay
so
long
before
Gloucester
,
that
Essex
had
raised
a
great
Army
for
the
relief
thereof
,
which
Army
appoaching
,
the
King
arose
and
marched
off
;
Essex
relieves
the
City
,
and
pursues
him
;
they
encounter
at
Newbury
,
where
the
King
was
worsted
,
and
lost
many
gallant
men
.
Newcastle
in
the
mean
time
lay
before
Hull
,
till
the
Earl
of
Manchester
,
besieges
and
takes
Lyn
in
Norfolk
,
untill
Lincoln
and
many
other
places
were
reduced
to
the
Parliament
,
with
much
loss
to
the
Kings
party
.
The
same
year
the
Parliament
treats
with
the
Scots
for
their
assistance
against
the
King
,
and
the
better
to
engage
them
,
they
impose
the
Covenant
(
framed
in
Scotland
)
upon
the
whole
Nation
,
for
putting
down
of
Bishops
,
changing
the
whole
Frame
of
Church
Government
in
England
,
and
Ireland
with
Doctrine
,
Discipline
,
and
worship
to
that
or
Scotland
;
the
Scots
accordingly
come
in
with
an
Army
of
20000.
or
thereabouts
,
in
winter
they
besiege
Newcastle
upon
Tyne
,
and
at
length
take
it
.
Mean
time
the
Forces
of
the
Association
besiege
Newark
upon
Trent
a
Garison
of
the
Kings
,
and
much
straiten
it
;
Sir
John
Meldrum
,
Sir
Miles
Hobart
,
and
Sir
John
Palgrave
commanding
the
forces
against
it
.
But
in
their
march
,
towards
the
latter
end
of
the
year
,
when
they
every
day
expected
the
surrendring
of
the
Town
,
Prince
Rupert
comes
suddenly
upon
them
with
a
party
of
Horse
(
his
body
of
foot
being
three
or
four
miles
behind
)
assaults
and
surprises
the
Besiegers
,
disarms
them
all
,
and
so
relieves
the
Town
.
Many
of
the
Souldiers
,
and
some
Commanders
were
plundered
and
stript
,
contrary
to
Articles
,
for
which
the
Kings
party
were
afterward
served
in
the
like
kind
.
Anno
1644.
The
Earl
of
Essex
,
William
Waller
were
sent
forth
with
two
Armies
,
to
pursue
and
take
the
King.
The
King
fortifies
Oxford
,
and
lodging
the
rest
of
his
Artillery
in
Dennington
Castle
,
with
a
light
Army
he
takes
the
field
;
Essex
goes
towards
the
West
then
mostly
in
the
Kings
possession
;
Waller
understanding
which
way
the
King
was
marched
,
pursued
him
.
At
Cropdie
Bridge
in
Oxfordshire
,
a
place
of
advantage
,
he
sets
upon
the
Kings
Forces
,
but
is
himself
beaten
and
routed
;
this
was
about
the
latter
end
of
June
.
Waller
being
thus
defeated
,
the
King
follows
Essex
into
the
West
,
drives
him
by
degrees
as
far
as
Lestithrell
in
Cornwell
,
and
there
coops
him
up
.
Essex
takes
the
Sea
in
a
Boate
,
and
leaves
this
Army
to
capitulate
for
themselves
.
The
Horse
under
the
Command
of
Sir
VVilliam
Balfore
,
break
through
the
Kings
Quarters
,
and
get
away
;
the
Foot
commanded
by
Skippon
capitulate
for
their
lives
,
leaving
their
Arms
,
Ordnance
,
and
Ammunition
upon
the
place
,
Septemb.
4.
and
taking
an
Oath
not
to
serve
any
more
against
the
King
,
which
nevertheless
many
of
them
presently
after
broke
.
The
King
after
this
hard
service
,
marches
back
with
his
Army
leasurely
,
and
at
Newbury
,
is
assaulted
by
the
broken
Troops
of
Essex
his
Army
,
assisted
by
Manchester
and
Cromwell
,
commanding
the
Forces
of
the
Association
.
A
sore
fight
there
was
in
the
night
,
with
much
loss
to
both
parties
:
The
King
gains
the
Town
,
and
the
next
day
,
or
the
day
after
,
takes
his
Ordnance
,
and
Ammunition
from
Dennington
Castle
in
the
sight
of
the
Enemy
,
without
opposition
,
and
so
marches
with
them
to
Oxford
.
This
Sommers
service
lost
the
credit
of
Essex
,
Manchester
,
and
VValler
,
they
were
never
imployed
after
.
But
in
the
mean
time
,
while
Essex
and
VValler
were
thus
imployed
against
the
King
,
the
Scots
with
the
assistance
of
the
Associated
Counties
,
and
other
of
the
Parliaments
Forces
,
had
so
far
prevailed
against
the
Earl
of
Newcastle
and
his
Army
,
as
they
had
besieged
him
in
York
for
many
months
:
Prince
Rupert
with
a
great
Army
out
of
Lancashire
and
the
parts
adj●cent
,
to
his
relief
:
Upon
the
Prince
his
approach
,
the
Be●●egers
rise
in
disorder
,
and
are
ready
to
break
and
run
.
The
Prince
thought
it
not
enough
to
relieve
the
City
,
but
would
also
beat
the
besiegers
,
and
setting
upon
them
,
July
14.
they
Rally
and
beat
him
;
a
great
slaughter
there
was
,
not
lesse
than
seven
thousand
slain
of
both
parts
,
but
most
(
they
say
)
of
the
Princes
party
.
The
Earle
of
Newcastle
,
in
discontent
at
the
Prince
his
rashness
,
quits
the
place
and
all
his
Command
,
and
with
some
others
of
note
,
leaves
the
Kingdom
.
York
soon
after
is
again
besieged
,
and
Sir
Thomas
Glenham
undertakes
the
defence
of
the
place
,
but
at
length
was
forced
to
yield
upon
honourable
terms
.
Anno
1645.
Essex
,
Manchester
,
and
VValler
,
and
all
others
that
were
Parliament
Members
,
both
Lords
and
Commons
,
only
Oliver
Cromwell
one
of
the
Burgesses
for
Cambridge
is
dispensed
with
.
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
is
made
Captain
General
,
Cromwell
his
Lieutenant
General
;
Skippon
also
hath
a
great
command
amongst
them
,
and
many
of
Cromwels
kindred
and
Relations
have
great
imployment
and
commands
in
this
new
modelled
Army
,
most
of
Essex
his
Officers
being
laid
aside
.
In
May
the
King
marches
out
of
Oxford
with
a
very
good
Army
,
and
takes
.
Leicester
by
assault
,
about
the
latter
end
of
the
moneth
,
having
then
also
a
very
considerable
Army
in
the
VVest
,
about
15000.
(
as
was
reported
)
under
the
command
of
Goring
,
who
at
that
time
besieged
Taunton
.
After
the
taking
of
Leicester
,
the
King
was
requested
by
Sir
Marmaduke
Langdale
,
and
the
Northern
Gentlemen
to
march
Northward
for
the
Relief
of
Pomfret
Castle
then
straitned
by
the
enemy
:
But
receiving
intelligence
that
Fairfax
intended
to
besiege
Oxford
,
he
marches
against
him
,
hoping
if
he
could
defeat
their
new
model'd
Army
,
all
other
places
and
forces
would
easily
be
reduced
.
At
Naseby
in
Northamptonshire
the
two
Armies
meet
on
Saturday
,
June
14.
where
at
the
first
encounter
the
King
had
much
the
better
,
his
Right
Wing
of
horsemen
Defeating
and
Routing
the
Left
Wing
of
the
Parliaments
Army
,
wounding
Skippon
,
and
taking
Ireton
(
Cromwels
son
in
law
)
prisoner
.
But
the
Left
Wing
of
the
Kings
Army
,
consisting
most
of
Northern
Horsemen
(
and
they
discontented
)
at
the
first
Encounter
were
broken
,
turn'd
head
and
ran
;
the
King
did
what
possibly
could
be
,
riding
up
and
down
the
field
to
stay
their
flight
,
and
Rally
them
,
but
all
would
not
do
;
and
the
Right
Wing
of
Horse
were
so
farre
engaged
in
the
pursuit
,
as
they
could
not
timely
and
orderly
Retreat
to
succour
the
Foot.
The
Horse
being
thus
routed
and
defeated
,
the
Foot
were
not
able
to
stand
;
but
after
some
little
resistance
and
slaughter
,
yielded
themselves
prisoners
,
four
or
five
thousand
of
them
.
The
Kings
Coach
,
and
in
it
his
Cabinet
,
with
Letters
and
Papers
taken
;
all
Arms
,
Artillery
,
Bagge
and
Baggage
lost
;
the
King
himself
hardly
escaping
to
Leicester
,
and
from
thence
that
night
to
Ashby
de
la
Zouch
.
This
was
the
fatal
battel
of
Naseby
:
for
after
this
,
the
Kings
affairs
never
prospered
,
but
Town
after
Town
was
taken
,
and
in
all
encounters
the
Kings
party
was
worsted
,
all
the
VVest
parts
by
degrees
taken
in
that
Sommer
,
and
the
Queen
and
Prince
forced
to
flie
beyond
sea
.
Anno
1646.
Oxford
the
Kings
chiefest
Garrison
was
besieged
,
At
Newcastle
he
remained
all
that
summer
,
and
afterwards
upon
Treaty
between
the
Parliament
and
Scots
Commissioners
,
the
Parliament
paying
them
200000.
l.
in
hand
,
and
securing
as
much
more
to
be
paid
.
And
promising
(
as
the
Scots
affirm
)
to
treat
the
King
honourably
,
and
not
to
do
any
violence
to
his
Person
;
they
deliver
the
King
up
to
the
Parliament
,
and
quitting
Newcastle
,
and
the
rest
of
the
Garrisons
they
held
in
England
,
they
departed
with
their
Army
into
Scotland
.
The
King
from
Newcastle
was
removed
to
Holdenby
,
This
summer
the
Wars
being
finished
,
all
Garrisons
surrendred
,
and
the
Kings
Forces
utterly
subdued
,
and
forced
to
compound
for
their
estates
,
taking
an
Oath
never
to
bear
Arms
against
the
Parliament
,
they
take
a
resolution
to
disband
the
Army
,
sending
some
part
of
it
into
Ireland
,
against
the
Papists
still
in
Arms
there
,
and
only
to
keep
5000
Horse
and
Foot
in
England
,
to
preserve
the
peace
of
the
Kingdome
,
against
any
risings
that
might
happen
.
The
souldiers
fearing
the
Wars
would
cease
,
and
their
trade
decay
,
began
to
Mutinie
;
first
they
pick
quarrels
against
the
Parliament
,
and
at
once
impeach
eleven
of
the
Members
of
the
House
of
Commons
,
all
rigid
Presbyterians
,
as
enemies
to
the
Army
,
and
desire
they
may
be
secluded
the
House
:
They
Act
now
,
not
as
Souidiers
,
but
as
Commonors
and
Freemen
of
the
Nation
,
pretending
to
stand
for
the
Native
Rights
and
Liberties
of
the
people
.
And
to
carry
on
their
designes
the
better
,
the
common
Souldiers
,
who
began
the
work
,
chuse
their
Agitators
,
(
as
they
termed
them
)
two
or
more
out
of
every
Regiment
,
to
represent
their
grievances
to
the
General
and
chief
Officers
of
the
Army
:
And
in
conclusion
they
peremptorily
refuse
to
disband
,
or
to
send
or
go
any
of
them
into
Ireland
,
till
all
their
grievances
were
redressed
,
and
their
desires
satisfied
:
But
all
this
(
ye
must
know
)
was
underhand
countenanced
(
if
not
contrived
)
by
Cromwel
and
some
principal
Officers
of
his
Faction
.
And
because
the
Parliament
had
made
themselves
sufficiently
odious
,
by
keeping
the
King
under
so
strict
guards
,
denying
him
the
attendance
of
his
Chaplains
,
and
the
use
of
the
Common
prayer
book
,
and
tendering
such
harsh
Propositions
to
him
,
both
in
relation
to
himself
and
his
party
,
that
had
already
suffered
so
much
for
his
sake
;
The
Souldiers
to
ingratiate
themselves
to
the
people
,
pretended
much
for
the
King
,
and
for
his
restitution
to
his
Throne
and
Government
,
upon
fairer
termes
by
much
than
the
Parliament
would
afford
him
.
And
suddenly
by
a
party
Commanded
by
one
Cornet
Joyce
,
they
seize
upon
the
King
at
Holdenby
,
June
4.
in
the
night
,
and
bring
him
into
the
Armies
quarters
,
then
about
Newmarket
or
Cambridge
.
The
General
would
not
suffer
him
to
pass
through
Cambridge
,
lest
the
Schollers
,
more
than
ordinarily
addicted
to
him
,
should
make
any
disturbance
,
but
brought
him
a
more
private
way
to
his
own
house
at
Newmarket
.
There
he
rested
somewhile
,
and
the
Gentry
and
people
of
all
sorts
equitable
dealing
(
as
supposing
their
cases
had
been
ours
)
and
a
spirit
of
common
love
and
justice
,
diffusing
it self
to
the
good
and
preservation
of
all
,
will
make
up
the
most
glorious
conquest
over
their
hearts
(
if
God
in
mercy
see
it
good
)
to
make
them
and
the
whole
people
of
the
Land
lasting
friends
.
These
are
their
very
words
in
that
Declaration
;
and
I
have
noted
them
the
rather
,
to
see
how
quite
contrary
to
these
specious
professions
,
their
after-Actings
within
a
short
while
,
were
.
The
Army
removes
to
several
quarters
,
and
the
King
along
with
them
.
They
treat
him
honorably
,
in
respect
of
what
the
Parliament
had
done
:
they
allow
him
the
attendance
of
his
Chaplains
,
and
the
use
of
the
Common
Prayer
,
denyed
him
by
the
Parliament
;
some
Noblemen
and
Gentlemen
of
his
party
,
are
permitted
to
come
to
him
.
The
General
obtaines
of
the
Parliament
,
that
he
may
see
his
children
,
then
under
the
custody
from
several
parts
,
had
access
to
him
,
and
many
came
and
were
cured
of
the
Kings
Evil
by
him
.
The
Souldiers
were
highly
magnified
by
the
people
,
for
their
civility
and
specious
pretences
to
the
King.
From
Newmarket
the
Army
removed
to
Saint
Albans
,
and
the
King
with
them
,
his
Majesty
being
lodged
at
Hatfield
house
,
there
they
pretended
great
matters
for
him
,
and
Cromwel
(
especially
)
in
private
gave
him
great
hopes
of
his
Restitution
.
From
thence
June
23.
they
publish
a
Remonstrance
of
their
good
intentions
towards
the
Kingdom
,
and
to
the
King
especially
:
Amongst
other
passages
in
that
Declaration
,
this
is
one
,
They
profess
they
do
not
see
how
there
can
be
any
peace
to
the
Kingdom
firm
and
lasting
,
without
a
due
consideration
of
,
and
provision
for
the
rights
,
quiet
,
and
immunity
of
his
Majesties
Royal
Family
,
and
his
late
partakers
:
and
herein
(
say
they
)
we
think
,
that
tender
and
of
the
Earl
of
Northumberland
,
upo●
promise
of
the
General
,
that
they
shall
return
again
.
Proposals
are
made
to
him
by
the
Army
,
far
more
moderate
than
the
Propositions
lately
tendred
to
him
at
Newcastle
.
All
things
are
carried
by
the
Army
,
as
if
they
really
meant
his
Restitution
,
upon
very
reasonable
terms
.
And
most
certain
i●
is
,
that
Cromwell
gave
his
Majesty
very
faithful
promises
of
restoring
him
upon
more
moderate
terms
than
either
the
Parliament
or
Army
proposed
.
But
ye
must
know
,
while
these
things
were
in
agitation
,
about
the
later
end
of
July
,
there
fell
a
great
difference
between
the
Parliament
and
Army
,
insomuch
as
the
Army
were
jealous
that
the
Parliament
and
City
would
have
brought
the
King
to
London
,
upon
his
own
terms
.
The
occasion
was
thus
:
The
Militia
of
the
City
of
London
,
had
been
settled
by
an
Ordinance
o●
May
4.
1647.
in
the
hands
of
such
of
the
City
,
as
the
Lord
Mayor
,
Aldermen
,
and
Common
Council
,
had
nominated
and
approved
:
The
Army
about
the
20
of
July
,
require
of
the
Parliament
,
that
Ordinance
may
be
repealed
,
and
the
Militia
of
the
City
settled
in
other
hands
,
such
as
the
Army
might
confide
in
;
and
accordingly
in
a
thin
house
,
the
Militia
was
changed
,
without
any
Objections
against
the
persons
formerly
intrusted
,
or
acquainting
the
Mayor
or
Common
Council
with
it
,
to
hear
what
they
could
alledge
in
their
own
behalf
.
The
City
startled
at
this
sudden
and
unexpect
change
of
their
Militia
,
calling
a
Common
Council
,
they
resolve
to
petition
the
Parliament
for
restoring
their
Militia
,
as
formerly
settled
,
in
a
full
house
,
and
accordingly
July
26.
the
Sheriffs
,
and
some
Common
Council
men
,
present
their
Petition
;
which
Petition
the
same
day
within
a
few
hours
after
,
was
seconded
by
another
of
the
Apprentices
,
to
the
same
effect
,
and
wherein
they
claimed
that
the
ordering
of
the
Cities
Militia
,
was
the
Birth-right
of
the
City
,
belonging
to
them
by
several
Charters
confirmed
by
Parliament
,
and
about
one
thousand
Apprentices
,
(
yet
without
any
armes
)
came
down
with
this
Petition
.
The
House
of
Lords
upon
presenting
these
Petitions
,
were
pleased
to
grant
their
desires
,
revoking
the
Ordinance
of
the
23
of
July
,
and
reviving
that
of
the
fourth
of
May.
The
debate
stuck
longer
in
the
House
of
Commons
,
but
about
three
of
the
clock
in
the
Afternoon
,
they
passed
it
;
The
Apprentices
staying
in
and
about
Westminster-hall
and
the
Parliament
door
,
till
the
Vote
was
passed
;
and
then
all
or
the
most
part
withdrew
and
went
to
their
homes
.
The
Apprentices
being
departed
,
some
disorderly
persons
instigated
thereunto
(
as
was
probably
thought
)
by
divers
Sectaries
and
Adherents
to
the
Army
,
to
make
the
business
more
odious
,
and
to
give
the
Army
occasion
to
quarrel
with
the
City
,
flock'd
again
to
the
Parliament
door
;
and
the
Speaker
having
adjourned
the
House
,
the
chaire
,
and
there
kept
both
him
they
compelled
him
again
to
return
to
the
Members
in
the
House
,
till
they
had
passed
a
Vote
,
that
the
King
should
come
to
London
to
treat
.
The
Mayor
and
Common
Council
still
assembled
,
hearing
of
this
disorder
,
sent
down
the
Sheriffs
immediately
with
such
strength
as
they
could
for
the
present
get
,
and
pacified
the
tumult
,
sending
the
Speaker
safe
to
his
house
;
and
published
Edicts
to
prevent
the
like
.
This
tumult
happened
July
26.
being
Monday
.
The
House
met
again
next
day
,
being
Tuesday
,
sate
again
,
and
Acted
quietly
;
and
because
the
Fast
was
the
next
day
after
,
they
adjourned
the
House
till
the
Friday
following
,
the
Lords
having
formerly
adjourned
to
that
day
.
On
the
Thursday
following
,
the
day
before
they
were
to
meet
upon
the
adjournment
,
the
Speaker
with
about
fourty
of
the
Members
,
secretly
withdrew
to
the
Army
then
at
Windsor
,
complaining
of
an
horrid
force
put
upon
the
House
.
The
rest
of
the
Members
,
at
least
140
,
meeting
on
the
Friday
morning
according
to
adjournment
,
finding
neither
Speaker
,
nor
Mace
,
and
understanding
upon
inquiry
,
whither
he
was
gone
,
they
chose
a
New
Speaker
,
and
get
another
Mace
,
and
set
againe
;
and
the
like
did
the
Lords
,
whose
Speaker
also
was
fled
upon
the
same
account
:
both
(
as
it
was
conceived
)
either
inveigled
,
or
threatened
by
the
Army
,
that
they
might
have
the
better
pretence
of
quarrel
against
the
City
and
Parliament
.
I
have
related
this
passage
the
more
particularly
,
that
it
may
be
compared
with
the
force
afterward
put
upon
the
Parliament
,
by
the
Army
themselves
,
upon
the
King
Tryal
.
These
things
thus
passed
at
London
between
the
Parliament
and
City
,
highly
incensed
the
Army
,
who
now
take
upon
them
,
to
be
Supream
Umpires
over
the
Nation
;
they
entertain
and
countenance
the
fugitive
Speakers
and
Members
,
and
they
and
the
Council
of
the
Army
,
set
together
in
consultation
,
engaging
to
support
one
another
in
this
quarrel
against
the
members
(
as
they
termed
them
)
at
Westminister
,
and
the
City
.
Mean
time
the
Parliament
call
in
the
eleven
impeached
Members
,
secluded
hitherto
upon
the
Armies
accusation
;
they
revive
the
Committee
of
Safety
,
they
give
power
to
the
City
by
several
Orders
and
Ordinances
,
to
list
and
raise
Forces
to
appoint
Officers
and
Commanders
,
to
issue
out
Armes
and
Ammunition
,
for
the
defence
of
the
Parliament
and
City
,
against
all
that
should
invade
them
.
Mass●y
,
Pointze
,
Birch
,
and
other
reformadoes
that
had
formerly
done
great
service
for
the
Parliament
when
Essex
was
General
,
are
now
imployed
as
chief
Commanders
for
the
City
.
The
Army
on
the
contrary
drawing
together
all
their
Forces
,
and
endeavouring
to
raise
the
Trained
bands
in
the
adjacent
Counties
,
prepare
and
intend
to
invade
and
subdue
that
Rebellious
City
.
The
City
thus
prepared
for
defence
,
were
nevertheless
,
for
preventing
the
effusion
of
blood
,
willing
to
have
accorded
with
the
Army
upon
any
reasonable
terms
;
and
to
that
purpose
sent
several
messages
to
the
Army
;
but
all
would
not
do
,
no
terms
of
reconciliation
or
peace
would
be
granted
,
unless
they
would
submit
themselves
,
and
the
Parliament
,
wholly
to
the
power
of
the
Army
;
which
upon
the
point
they
did
;
for
in
conclusion
they
agree
and
yield
,
To
desert
both
Houses
of
Parliament
and
the
impeached
Members
:
To
recall
their
Declaration
lately
published
,
Relinquish
their
Militia
,
deliver
up
all
their
Forts
and
line
of
Communication
to
the
Army
,
as
also
the
Tower
of
London
,
with
all
Armes
and
Ammunition
therein
;
to
disband
all
their
Forces
,
and
turn
all
their
new-made
Commanders
and
Reformadoes
out
of
the
line
,
to
demolish
all
their
works
,
and
to
suffer
the
Army
to
march
without
opposition
through
the
City
.
These
imperious
conditions
of
the
Army
,
were
calmly
submitted
to
by
the
tame-spirited
Citizens
:
And
thereupon
,
the
Army
brings
in
the
fugitive
Speakers
and
Members
,
and
seat
them
again
in
their
authority
;
Fairfax
receives
the
solemn
thanks
of
the
House
,
the
common
souldiers
two
months
pay
for
their
good
service
and
valour
,
and
a
day
of
Thanksgiving
is
appointed
,
to
be
solemnly
kept
for
this
great
deliverance
:
and
Fairfax
made
General
of
all
Forces
,
both
in
England
and
Wales
,
and
Constable
of
the
Tower
of
London
:
All
this
was
done
,
Aug.
6.
1647.
Soon
after
the
General
,
Lieutenant
General
,
and
the
whole
Army
,
with
their
train
of
Artillery
,
march
in
triumph
through
the
City
of
London
;
And
from
that
day
forward
,
both
City
,
Parliament
,
and
whole
Kingdom
,
are
subject
to
the
Army
.
Not
long
after
the
restitution
of
these
fugitive
Members
,
all
Votes
,
Orders
,
and
Ordinances
of
Parliament
,
made
in
their
absence
,
are
declared
null
and
void
:
The
eleven
impeached
Members
of
the
House
of
Commons
,
have
leave
granted
them
to
go
beyond
Sea
,
and
they
must
think
they
are
favourably
dealt
with
:
Seven
Lords
that
sate
in
the
upper
House
,
in
the
absence
of
the
fugitive
Members
,
viz.
The
Earls
of
Suffolk
,
Lincoln
,
and
Midlesex
;
the
Lords
Berkly
,
Willoughby
,
Hunsdon
,
and
Maynard
,
are
impeached
of
high
Treason
,
and
committed
to
the
black
Rod
,
for
levying
of
War
against
the
King
,
Parliament
,
and
Kingdom
.
The
Lord
Mayor
,
Aldermen
,
and
divers
Citizens
,
are
likewise
impeached
of
the
same
crime
,
and
committed
to
the
Tower
;
divers
members
also
of
the
Commons
House
,
are
under
accusation
and
examination
,
as
countenancers
and
abettors
of
the
late
tumult
.
But
all
these
impeachments
and
accusations
,
in
time
vanished
,
and
came
to
nothing
;
only
the
Army
Faction
was
by
this
means
strengthened
and
encouraged
,
and
the
other
party
as
much
quell'd
and
discouraged
;
so
that
thenceforward
all
Votes
propounded
,
were
passed
or
not
,
according
to
the
temper
and
disposition
of
the
Army
.
The
Parliament
became
wholly
subservient
to
the
Armies
designs
,
as
will
plainly
appeare
in
the
ensuing
Story
.
Meantime
the
King
continues
still
under
the
power
of
the
Army
,
removes
and
passes
from
place
to
place
as
they
remove
their
Quarters
:
But
now
having
made
the
Parliament
wholly
for
their
turn
,
he
is
removed
nearer
London
,
to
Hampton
Court
:
there
he
had
much
freedom
,
and
abundance
of
people
continually
resorted
to
him
.
At
Hampton
Court
he
receives
Propositions
from
the
Parliament
,
Septem.
7.
the
same
in
effect
that
were
tendred
to
him
at
Newcastle
,
in
July
the
year
before
.
The
King
in
answer
,
desires
that
the
Parliament
would
take
into
consideration
the
Proposals
of
the
Army
,
of
August
1.
1647.
as
more
moderate
,
and
more
conducing
to
satisfie
all
interests
in
the
Nation
.
Things
thus
standing
,
and
the
King
remaining
still
at
Hampton
Court
,
a
Faction
of
Seditious
people
called
Levellers
,
sprung
up
in
the
City
and
Army
;
some
of
the
chiefest
whereof
were
Lilburn
,
Overton
,
VVyldman
,
and
others
,
people
of
a
turbulent
and
heady
temper
.
These
frame
a
writing
,
called
the
Agreement
of
the
people
,
tending
to
the
alteration
of
the
whole
frame
of
Government
of
the
Nation
.
They
stile
the
House
of
Commons
in
their
Petitions
,
the
Supreme
power
of
the
Nation
;
they
bitterly
declaim
and
raile
against
the
House
of
Lords
in
several
Pamphlets
.
These
at
first
receive
some
check
from
the
House
of
Commons
;
and
one
of
them
(
a
souldier
)
is
by
the
Council
of
War
,
condemned
and
shot
to
death
at
VVare
:
but
yet
they
increase
more
and
more
,
and
grow
more
in●o●●nt
every
day
,
being
(
as
is
w●●
probably
thought
)
countenan●●●
underhand
by
some
in
the
Parliament
,
and
by
some
great
Officers
in
the
Army
,
to
promo●●
their
own
ambitio●s
●e●●gns
.
At
length
about
Novemb.
9.
or
10.
Cromwell
sends
word
to
the
King
by
Colonel
VVhaley
who
had
the
Guard
or
him
,
that
those
kind
of
people
were
grown
very
numerous
in
the
Army
,
that
he
feared
they
had
some
malicious
design
against
his
Majesties
person
,
and
he
doubted
it
would
not
be
in
the
power
of
the
Officers
of
the
Army
to
protect
him
,
and
therefore
advised
him
,
by
timely
withdrawing
himself
in
private
,
to
provide
for
his
own
security
;
A
Letter
of
Advertisement
also
from
an
unknown
person
in
London
to
the
same
purpose
,
was
sent
and
delivered
to
his
Majesty
,
intimating
his
danger
,
and
wishing
his
Majesty
were
at
his
or
any
Loyal
Subjects
House
in
London
:
Whereupon
the
next
day
in
the
Evening
,
Novemb.
11.
his
Majesty
with
a
Servant
or
two
only
,
conveyed
himself
secretly
from
Hampton
Court
,
into
the
Isle
of
Wight
.
In
that
Island
commanded
one
Colonel
Hamond
,
as
Governour
there
for
the
Parliament
;
a
kinsman
he
was
of
Dr.
Hamonds
,
that
famous
Divine
,
and
(
I
think
)
the
Kings
Chaplain
;
insomuch
as
the
King
might
expect
some
more
then
ordinary
civility
from
him
.
Hamond
presently
gives
notice
to
the
Parliament
of
his
Majesties
coming
thither
,
and
upon
order
from
the
Parliament
,
takes
him
into
custody
at
Curesbrook
Castle
.
The
King
also
upon
his
departure
from
Hampton
Court
,
had
left
upon
the
Table
a
Letter
or
Message
to
the
two
Houses
of
Parliament
,
signifying
the
cause
of
his
withdrawing
himself
,
and
also
his
readiness
to
concurre
with
them
in
all
things
just
and
reasonable
,
for
the
settling
of
a
safe
and
well-grounded
Peace
.
And
had
further
soon
after
his
arrival
in
the
Isle
of
Wight
sent
another
Message
or
Declaration
to
them
,
wherein
he
offers
,
First
,
Concerning
Religion
to
establish
the
Presbyterian
Government
for
three
years
,
and
then
afterwards
to
establish
Church-Government
in
such
a
manner
as
shall
be
concluded
upon
by
the
●ssembly
of
Divines
,
with
the
addition
of
twenty
Divines
to
be
nominated
by
his
Majesty
.
Secondly
,
For
the
Militia
he
offers
a
them
wholly
by
Land
and
Sea
,
during
his
whole
Raign
,
so
as
after
that
,
it
ma●
return
intirely
to
the
Crown
.
Thirdly
,
For
the
arrears
of
the
Army
,
he
will
undertake
,
if
he
may
have
the
benefit
of
Sequestrations
from
March
last
,
and
compositions
to
be
made
before
the
conclusion
of
the
Peace
,
and
the
Assistance
of
the
Clergy
,
and
the
arreares
of
the
Rents
of
his
own
revenew
,
that
were
yet
behinde
;
to
pay
400
thousand
pound
within
eighteen
months
;
and
if
that
will
not
do
,
then
to
make
sale
of
forrest
Lands
for
raising
the
rest
.
Fourthly
,
He
gives
them
power
to
dispose
of
the
great
Offices
●f
State
,
as
also
to
nominate
and
appoint
his
Privy
Counsellours
during
his
raign
.
Fifthly
,
For
the
Court
of
Wards
,
if
it
cannot
be
regulated
without
being
a
grievance
to
his
Subjects
,
he
is
willing
to
abolish
it
,
for
a
valuable
compensation
.
Sixthly
,
He
offers
to
recall
and
null
all
Proclamations
and
Declarations
against
the
Parliament
,
and
all
Indictments
against
any
person
for
adhering
to
them
,
or
acting
by
their
authority
;
and
to
pass
an
Act
of
general
pardon
and
Oblivion
to
all
his
Subjects
whatsoever
.
Those
and
some
other
things
he
offers
by
that
Message
of
Novemb.
17.
and
for
all
other
things
,
he
desires
they
may
be
debated
and
composed
in
a
personal
Treaty
,
between
himself
and
the
two
Houses
of
Parliament
at
London
:
Which
personal
Treaty
the
Scots
Commissioners
soon
after
desired
to
be
assented
to
,
and
held
forth
his
Majesties
offers
to
be
very
just
and
reasonable
.
But
to
this
Message
of
his
Majesty
the
two
Houses
return
answer
,
by
sending
him
four
Bills
to
sign
and
confirm
under
the
great
Seal
of
England
.
1.
To
settle
the
Militia
by
sea
and
land
,
both
in
England
and
Ireland
,
in
the
two
Houses
of
Parliament
for
ever
;
with
power
to
raise
what
Forces
they
please
;
as
also
what
moneys
they
thought
good
,
upon
the
Subjects
,
for
support
thereof
,
thereby
divesting
the
Court
wholly
of
the
power
of
the
Militia
.
2.
To
justifie
the
proceedings
of
the
Parliament
in
the
late
War
,
and
to
make
void
all
Oaths
,
Declarations
,
Proclamations
,
and
other
proceedings
against
the
Parliament
.
3.
Against
all
Peeres
lately
made
or
to
be
made
without
consent
of
both
Houses
of
Parliament
.
4.
For
the
adjournment
of
the
Parliament
from
place
to
place
,
as
the
two
houses
should
think
fit
.
These
Bills
being
assented
to
,
and
confirmed
by
his
Majesty
,
they
will
yield
to
treat
with
him
concerning
the
rest
of
the
propositions
i●
the
Isle
of
Wight
.
Which
propositions
I
must
further
tell
you
,
were
such
as
the
Scotch
Commissioners
declared
their
dissent
upon
them
,
before
they
were
sent
.
The
King
apprehending
these
four
Bills
especially
in
the
way
they
were
penn'd
,
not
only
destructive
to
Monarchy
,
but
to
the
peoples
libertie
,
refuses
to
confirm
them
;
yet
in
a
message
or
writing
to
the
Houses
,
gave
his
reasons
against
them
.
Whereupon
the
House
of
Commons
presently
Vote
to
make
no
more
addresses
to
him
,
but
to
settle
the
Kingdom
without
him
:
and
further
by
the
same
Vote
,
they
make
it
high
Treason
,
for
any
person
whatsoever
,
to
send
any
Message
or
Letter
to
him
,
or
to
receive
any
from
him
,
without
consent
of
both
Houses
of
Parliament
.
This
was
about
the
beginning
of
January
.
The
House
of
Lords
would
not
be
drawn
suddenly
to
pass
these
Votes
;
divers
argued
strongly
against
them
;
and
the
House
was
equally
divided
about
the
question
;
but
within
three
or
four
dayes
after
,
the
Army
sending
solemn
thanks
to
the
House
of
Commons
for
their
passing
these
Votes
,
and
drawing
down
some
of
their
Forces
to
garison
Whi●e●all
and
the
Mewes
,
it
turned
the
Scale
in
the
House
of
Lords
,
and
they
also
passed
those
Votes
.
Soon
after
the
passing
of
these
votes
of
Non-address
,
discontents
grew
high
in
all
parts
of
the
Kingdom
;
And
the
common
people
especially
in
the
parts
about
London
,
were
wonderfully
oppressed
,
and
even
eaten
up
with
Free-quarter
.
The
Commissioners
of
Scotland
withdrew
and
went
home
,
and
with
the
assistance
of
Duke
Hamilton
,
formerly
imprisoned
by
the
King
,
and
lately
set
free
by
the
Parliament
,
called
a
Parliament
in
Scotland
,
wherein
they
resolve
(
Maugre
the
Kirk
)
to
raise
an
Army
for
the
delivery
of
the
King.
The
beginning
of
this
year
1648
,
Poyer
Ponel
,
and
Laugherne
,
formerly
for
the
Parliament
,
holding
out
Pembroak
Castle
against
the
Parliament
,
and
defeating
a
party
of
2500
that
were
sent
against
them
.
The
Lord
Inchequen
,
that
was
President
of
Munster
in
Ireland
,
declares
against
the
Parliament
,
and
joyns
with
the
Marquess
of
Ormond
for
the
Kings
interest
;
for
which
the
Parliament
imprison
his
son
,
a
child
of
eight
or
nine
years
of
age
,
that
was
Borded
and
went
to
School
at
Thistleworth
near
London
.
Petitions
came
from
many
Counties
of
England
,
and
from
the
City
of
London
,
requiring
a
Revocation
of
those
Votes
for
Non-address
,
and
desiring
a
Personal
Treaty
with
the
King
,
and
his
future
settlement
.
These
Petitions
being
slighted
,
and
many
Surrey
Gentlemen
wounded
by
the
Souldiers
,
at
the
Parliament
door
,
and
in
Westminster-hall
,
and
some
slain
outright
for
presenting
their
Petition
,
the
Kingdom
grew
into
a
general
flame
.
Tumults
arose
in
many
places
,
as
at
Norwich
,
April
24.
where
the
Committee-House
was
by
accident
blown
up
,
that
part
of
the
City
exceedingly
shattered
,
and
above
100.
people
slain
.
At
Bury
in
Suffolk
,
where
the
Town
was
held
out
some
dayes
by
the
meaner
sort
of
people
,
against
the
Troopers
.
In
Huntingtonshire
,
Bedfordshire
,
and
other
places
,
so
that
the
Troopers
were
posted
from
place
to
place
to
subdue
tumults
;
and
as
fast
as
they
subdued
them
in
one
place
,
they
brake
out
in
another
.
The
Kentishmen
rise
up
in
armes
,
to
the
number
of
ten
thousand
,
and
possess
themselves
of
some
strong
Castles
;
They
in
Essex
also
,
under
the
command
of
Sir
Charles
Lucas
and
others
,
second
them
,
and
seize
upon
the
Committee
for
the
County
at
Chelmesford
.
Pomfret
Castle
is
taken
by
stratagem
,
and
a
great
party
of
the
Kings
possess
it
,
and
command
the
whole
Country
round
about
.
Many
(
if
not
most
part
)
of
the
Navy
revolt
,
and
setting
Raynsborough
their
late
made
Admiral
on
shore
in
a
Cock-boat
,
they
go
to
the
Prince
;
with
whom
also
joyned
the
Lord
Willoughby
of
Parham
and
others
,
so
as
the
Prince
had
a
matter
of
thirty
or
forty
ships
,
one
and
other
under
his
command
at
Sea
.
The
Scots
under
D.
●amilton
,
invade
the
North
,
by
the
way
of
Carlisle
,
with
an
Army
of
fifteen
thousand
,
besides
a
party
of
English
(
about
3000
)
under
the
command
of
Sir
Marmaduke
Langdale
.
All
this
time
the
Parliament
are
consulting
about
Propositions
to
be
sent
to
the
King
,
as
also
of
the
place
and
manner
of
a
personal
treaty
with
him
,
which
was
desired
by
the
Londoners
and
most
of
the
Kingdom
to
be
had
at
London
.
Thus
the
time
was
spun
on
,
and
the
Summer
well-nigh
spent
,
before
they
could
agree
upon
termes
for
a
personal
treaty
;
and
at
length
it
was
resolved
to
be
in
the
Isle
of
Wight
.
In
the
mean
time
,
while
the
Parliament
thus
deferre
the
Treaty
,
Cromwel
is
first
sent
into
Wales
,
to
subdue
them
;
where
he
found
work
enough
for
most
part
of
the
Summer
:
Fairfax
is
sent
against
the
Kentishmen
,
where
though
he
were
worsted
at
Rochester
Bridge
,
and
lost
many
men
,
yet
at
Maidston
he
had
the
better
,
got
the
Town
,
and
dispersed
them
.
Presently
after
five
thousand
of
the
Kentishmen
,
under
the
command
of
the
Lord
Goring
Earl
of
Norwich
,
being
denied
passage
through
London
,
transport
themselves
over
the
Thames
,
and
so
into
Essex
,
where
after
some
skirmish
about
Bow-bridge
,
with
some
of
the
Parliament
Forces
,
they
march
to
Rumford
,
and
so
to
Chelmesford
,
and
joyn
with
the
Essexmen
at
that
time
there
Rendezvouz'd
.
Fairfax
pursues
them
with
all
expedition
;
they
march
to
Colchester
,
but
were
scarce
set
down
in
the
Town
,
before
Fairfax
with
his
Army
was
at
their
heels
.
A
sore
fight
there
was
in
the
Suburbs
,
June
13.
the
next
day
after
their
coming
into
the
Town
,
a
thousand
men
and
more
slain
upon
the
place
,
most
of
them
of
Fairfax
his
party
.
Had
they
of
Colchester
pursued
that
dayes
victory
,
it
is
probably
thought
,
they
might
easily
have
destroyed
Fairfax
his
Army
.
The
Kings
Party
fortifie
the
Town
,
hoping
the
Gentry
of
Suffolk
and
Norfolk
will
come
in
to
their
assistance
:
Fairfax
on
the
contrary
,
by
degrees
begirts
the
Town
,
forcing
all
the
Country
thereabout
both
Essex
and
Suffolk
to
assist
him
against
it
.
During
the
siege
of
Colchester
,
the
Duke
of
Buckingham
with
Lord
Francis
his
brother
,
the
Earl
of
Holland
,
and
the
Earl
of
Peterborough
,
appear
in
Armes
with
five
or
six
hundred
Horse
at
Bamsted
Downe
in
Surrey
or
thereabouts
;
where
they
would
soon
have
increased
,
had
they
not
been
suddenly
surprized
by
a
party
of
the
Army
out
of
London
;
the
Lord
Francis
was
slain
,
and
the
rest
scattered
;
Buckingham
escaped
,
but
Holland
was
soon
after
taken
at
St.
Neots
in
Huntingtonshire
,
cowardly
yielding
himself
without
resistance
.
The
Scots
mean
time
lingered
and
came
on
slowly
,
insomuch
as
Cromwel
having
subdued
them
in
Wales
,
he
marches
immediately
from
thence
into
Lancashire
,
and
at
Wiggon
and
Preston
defeats
them
,
taking
Duke
Hamilton
prisoner
,
basely
yielding
himself
in
his
Chamber
,
Aug.
18
,
19.
From
thence
he
pursues
his
victory
into
Scotland
,
even
to
the
City
of
Edenburgh
,
where
he
is
highly
applauded
and
magnified
by
Argile
and
the
Churchmen
,
who
were
alwayes
against
this
engagement
of
Hamilton
.
Colchester
after
this
,
pressed
with
a
long
siege
,
and
pinched
with
hunger
,
at
last
yields
to
Fairfax
upon
very
hard
termes
,
Aug.
28.
where
the
very
same
day
that
they
entred
the
Town
,
they
caused
Sir
Charles
Lucas
and
Sir
George
Lisle
(
too
gallant
men
as
ever
England
bred
)
to
be
shot
to
death
in
the
Castle
Yard
:
All
the
rest
of
the
Nobility
and
Gentlemen
of
quality
,
were
carried
away
Prisoners
.
The
Treaty
with
the
King
is
at
length
begun
:
a
fixed
number
of
days
are
at
first
appointed
;
that
expired
,
a
fortnight
more
is
added
,
so
that
upon
the
finishing
of
the
treaty
,
a
little
before
all
was
concluded
,
Cromwel
returnes
with
his
victorious
Army
out
of
Scotland
.
The
Army
fearing
the
Parliament
would
agree
with
the
King
,
and
re-establish
him
in
his
Throne
(
though
the
conditions
were
extream
hard
on
his
side
)
they
first
publish
that
shameless
vile
Remonstrance
at
Saint
Albans
,
Novemb.
16.
1648.
wherein
they
declare
their
resolutions
to
question
the
King
for
his
life
,
as
the
Capital
Enemy
,
or
grand
Delinquent
,
to
bring
him
to
trial
.
They
prefix
a
time
for
the
appearing
of
the
Prince
now
beyond
Sea
,
to
answer
for
his
crimes
;
and
in
case
he
refuse
to
come
in
and
submit
to
a
tryal
,
to
banish
his
person
as
a
Rebel
and
Traytor
,
and
confiscate
his
estate
.
This
Remonstrance
was
sent
to
the
House
of
Commons
,
with
a
Letter
signed
by
Fairfax
the
General
,
(
whom
Cromwel
abused
and
made
his
Stale
in
all
this
action
)
to
take
it
speedily
into
consideration
,
as
a
matter
admitting
no
delay
:
But
the
Commons
laying
it
aside
,
and
making
the
more
speed
to
conclude
with
the
King
upon
the
Treaty
,
voting
his
concessions
satisfactory
,
so
far
as
to
be
ground
of
peace
;
Suddenly
on
Tuesday
,
December
.
5.
A
Party
of
the
Army
seize
upon
the
Members
of
the
House
,
whom
they
conceive
to
be
opposite
to
their
design
;
They
imprison
many
,
and
seclude
and
deterre
more
,
in
all
to
the
number
of
above
two
hundred
,
leaving
about
sixty
or
seventy
(
if
that
)
in
the
House
,
and
those
either
Army
men
,
or
devoted
vassals
to
Cromwel
and
his
faction
;
these
vote
the
Kings
concessions
not
satisfactory
,
and
thereupon
break
off
the
Treaty
.
The
Army
then
presently
seize
upon
the
King
in
the
Isle
of
Wight
,
they
remove
him
in
the
night
from
Caresbrow
Castle
to
Hurst
Castle
in
Hampshire
,
an
unwholesom
place
,
standing
two
or
three
mile
into
the
sea
,
upon
a
very
narrow
neck
of
Land
:
there
they
closely
imprison
him
,
and
soon
after
obtain
a
Vote
in
their
new
modell'd
House
of
Commons
,
to
bring
him
to
trial
.
The
Lords
refusing
to
consent
,
they
proceed
without
them
,
and
draw
up
an
impeachment
against
his
Majesty
,
by
the
advice
of
one
Dorisley
,
an
outlandish
Doctor
of
Law
,
and
that
many
years
before
,
had
been
History-Reader
in
Cambridge
,
preferred
thither
by
the
Lord
Brooks
,
to
read
that
Lecture
by
him
first
founded
,
but
soon
after
silenced
and
put
out
by
the
Vice-chancellor
and
Head
of
the
University
,
for
seditious
Doctrine
by
him
there
delivered
,
against
Monarchy
.
For
the
Kings
Trial
,
they
a●point
seventy
or
eighty
Persons
the
most
of
them
Army-men
(
all
o●
them
his
mortal
enemies
)
to
be
hi●
Judges
:
the
Judges
of
the
Land
and
most
eminent
Lawyers
refusing
to
joyn
with
them
,
or
assist
them
,
they
appoint
one
Bradshaw
a
poor
petty-fogging
Lawyer
,
but
of
an
audacious
,
impudent
forehead
,
to
be
President
of
their
high
Court
of
Justice
,
so
they
call
it
,
(
more
properly
their
Court
of
high
injustice
.
)
The
King
is
brought
from
Hurst
Castle
to
Windsor
,
about
Christmas
,
where
they
would
not
allow
him
a
Minister
to
keep
the
Festival
with
him
.
From
thence
they
bring
him
to
White-Hall
and
Saint
James
about
the
tenth
of
January
by
water
.
And
there
afterwards
,
being
brought
four
several
times
before
their
pretended
Court
of
Justice
,
where
he
every
time
refusing
to
answer
,
and
disclaiming
their
authority
,
offering
to
give
his
reasons
,
but
they
refusing
to
hear
him
,
at
last
Saturday
January
27.
he
is
condemned
to
the
block
,
and
his
head
cut
off
on
a
Scaffold
erected
before
his
Palace
gate
at
White-Hall
,
on
Tuesday
following
,
January
30.
to
the
unexpressable
grief
and
sorrow
of
all
true
English
People
.
And
thus
perished
the
best
,
the
wisest
and
the
most
Religious
King
that
ever
England
had
.
The
House
of
Lords
that
had
basely
complyed
with
the
Commons
,
and
supported
them
from
the
beginning
hitherto
against
their
King
,
because
they
would
not
go
along
with
them
in
this
last
most
wicked
act
,
are
kickt
off
by
a
Vote
.
The
very
same
day
that
they
voted
the
abolition
of
Regal
Government
,
February
7.
1648.
they
voted
down
the
House
of
Peers
,
as
useless
,
inconvenient
,
and
an
hinderance
to
the
proceedings
of
Parliament
,
a
just
reward
for
so
ignoble
,
degenerous
spirits
.
And
because
great
Personages
,
li●●
great
Trees
in
a
Forrest
,
seldom
〈◊〉
alone
,
to
compleat
the
Tragedie
,
wit
,
in
a
few
weeks
after
,
they
impea●●
Duke
Hamilton
General
of
the
Sco●tish
Army
,
and
the
Earl
of
Hollan●
as
also
the
Lord
Capel
,
and
Lord
G●●ring
taken
in
Colchester
,
and
som●
others
.
None
of
these
feared
to
b●
questioned
for
their
lives
till
now
,
fo●
they
yielding
,
had
quarter
given
them
.
But
an
high
Court
of
Justice
mus●
not
be
set
up
for
the
King
alone
;
They
mean
to
go
the
same
way
to
work
with
others
:
the
Law
taking
no
hold
of
them
,
they
'l
make
a
Law
that
shall
;
and
therefore
the
like
Court
is
erected
again
,
for
the
trial
of
these
Lords
and
others
;
though
the
same
President
sate
not
,
yet
others
did
,
that
had
the
same
power
.
All
that
were
accused
,
were
condemned
,
but
Goring
being
a
Gentleman
of
no
great
fortune
,
and
never
before
engaged
against
them
,
found
mercy
at
their
hands
;
Capels
great
estate
drove
on
his
ruine
.
Hamilton
and
Holland
are
observed
to
have
suffered
deservedly
,
because
they
had
played
on
both
parts
,
sometimes
for
the
King
,
and
otherwhiles
against
him
,
as
affairs
changed
:
The
poor
spiritness
of
the
rest
is
observed
,
in
cowardly
submitting
to
their
pretended
authority
;
only
the
stout
Lord
Capel
(
so
Lilburn
cals
him
)
would
not
in
the
least
buckle
to
acknowledge
them
a
lawful
judicatory
,
but
after
the
example
of
his
Royal
Master
,
denied
their
Anthority
,
and
when
he
came
to
suffer
(
which
he
and
the
other
did
,
March
9.
)
he
took
his
death
with
a
most
resolute
and
undaunted
courage
,
not
only
to
the
admiration
of
all
men
,
but
even
to
the
very
terror
of
his
enemies
;
they
that
neither
loved
him
nor
his
cause
,
yet
highly
commended
him
for
his
courage
and
magnanimity
,
and
as
much
despised
Hamilton
for
his
timerous
baseness
,
using
all
means
possible
to
save
his
life
;
but
all
wou●●
not
do
;
much
confidence
he
repos●
in
Hugh
Peters
,
that
Clergy
Mountebank
,
who
at
last
betrayd
him
,
as
himself
had
formerly
betrayed
the
King.
After
the
King
was
thus
put
to
death
,
and
the
Government
changed
into
a
Commonwealth
,
a
new
Sea●
and
new
Coyn
being
made
,
this
Piece
of
the
Parliament
that
put
the
King
to
death
,
governed
the
Nation
till
April
20.
1653.
what
time
they
wert
thrown
out
forcibly
by
Cromwel
,
(
being
then
their
General
)
and
his
Army
Officers
,
to
the
great
content
and
rejoycing
of
the
People
.
But
in
the
mean
time
presentiy
after
the
death
of
the
King
,
the
Scots
proclaimed
the
Prince
,
King
of
Scotland
,
by
the
Name
of
Charls
the
second
.
Ireland
was
almost
all
revolted
soon
after
the
death
of
the
King
;
Scotland
having
(
as
is
said
before
)
proclaimed
the
Prince
King
;
they
received
him
into
that
Kingdom
and
crowned
him
at
Scone
the
first
of
January
1649.
1650.
whereupon
the
Parliament
having
reduced
Ireland
,
they
resolve
to
send
an
Army
into
Scotland
about
June
1650.
Fairfax
upon
this
layes
down
his
Commission
,
and
Cromw
ll
is
made
Captain
General
in
his
stead
;
He
marches
into
Scotland
with
a
great
Army
,
where
he
lay
a
long
time
before
he
could
engage
the
Scots
to
fight
;
insomuch
as
the
English
were
in
great
distress
for
provisions
,
and
had
been
famished
or
forced
to
return
long
before
,
had
they
not
encamped
near
the
sea
,
and
had
the
sea
free
and
open
to
them
.
At
length
the
Scots
set
upon
them
at
Dunbar
,
but
were
defeated
and
routed
;
at
least
10000.
of
them
slain
and
taken
upon
the
place
;
all
of
the
Presbyterian
party
,
and
such
as
had
formerly
engaged
in
England
for
the
Parliament
against
the
King
:
An
hundred
Ensigns
at
least
are
taken
,
brought
up
to
London
,
and
hung
up
in
triumph
in
Westminster
Hall
:
and
which
is
remarkable
,
great
numbers
of
those
Souldiers
,
that
at
their
coming
into
England
in
1643.
had
heathenishly
prophaned
the
Cathedral
Church
of
Durham
,
were
now
brought
prisoners
,
and
lodged
i●
the
very
same
Church
,
shut
up
together
,
and
fed
like
swine
,
with
root●
and
other
trash
,
so
that
with
hunger
and
cold
,
and
stench
,
lying
there
a
long
time
,
most
of
them
perished
;
som●
of
them
acknowledging
the
just
han●
of
God
for
their
sacrilegious
proph●ness
committed
in
that
place
:
this
is
a
certain
truth
,
reported
by
credible
persons
living
near
and
in
that
City
:
And
thus
our
Brethren
the
Scots
were
in
part
payd
for
their
brotherly
assistance
.
But
Cromwel
hath
not
yet
done
with
them
;
he
stayes
still
after
the
battel
of
Dunbar
,
and
pursues
his
victory
:
he
presently
takes
Leith
and
Edenburgh
,
and
afterward
that
strong
and
impregnable
Castle
,
called
by
the
Scots
the
Maiden
Castle
,
because
never
before
conquered
:
Nor
can
I
say
it
was
now
conquered
by
Cromwell
:
He
took
it
not
by
●ssault
,
nor
yet
by
hunger
,
but
as
is
credibly
reported
,
surrendred
by
the
treachery
or
cowardize
of
the
Lord
_____
that
commanded
there
in
chief
.
This
Cast
e
being
taken
,
Cromwel
enlarges
his
conquest
all
over
the
South
of
Scotland
,
from
Leith
and
Dunbar
on
the
East
,
to
Glasco
and
Ayre
in
the
West
,
without
any
great
resistance
.
But
the
City
and
Castle
of
Sterling
held
out
for
the
King
,
together
with
the
Fife
,
(
the
fertilest
part
of
the
Kingdom
)
and
all
the
North
of
Scotland
,
from
Endinburgh
Frith
Northward
:
the
Scots
being
now
grown
so
wise
,
after
their
beating
at
Dunbar
▪
as
to
take
and
call
in
to
their
assistance
all
the
Kings
party
,
both
Scots
and
English
,
whom
formerly
they
rejected
under
the
notion
of
Malignants
and
Cavaleers
,
putting
the
Earl
of
Montross
most
barbarously
to
death
,
who
landed
in
Scotland
a
little
before
the
Kings
coming
thither
,
and
whom
if
they
had
entertained
,
might
possibly
by
the
blessing
of
God
,
have
prevented
their
being
beaten
at
Dunbar
,
being
a
man
of
extraordinary
experience
,
conduct
and
courage
in
war
,
exceedingly
beloved
of
all
the
Royallists
in
Scotland
,
and
one
that
had
formerly
with
an
handful
of
men
,
done
incomparable
service
for
the
King.
But
the
Presbyterian
Scots
were
as
bitter
against
the
Kings
party
,
as
they
were
against
Cromwell
and
his
army
,
and
would
have
the
glory
wholly
to
themselves
and
their
Covenant
,
in
restoring
the
King
:
that
thereby
they
might
the
better
advance
their
Covenant
,
and
carry
on
their
pretended
work
of
reformation
both
in
Scotland
and
England
.
Cromwel
and
his
Army
lay
long
in
Scotland
,
after
Dunbar
fight
,
Edenburg
Frith
,
and
lands
his
Army
or
a
considerable
part
of
them
in
the
Fife
,
with
a
great
loss
and
defeat
to
the
Scots
,
who
resisted
:
The
King
soon
after
quits
Sterling
,
and
suddenly
marches
away
in
the
beginning
o●
August
,
with
an
Army
of
about
eleven
thousand
horse
and
foot
into
England
,
by
the
way
of
Lancashire
;
and
forcing
his
way
at
Warrington
bridge
,
against
a
party
that
opposed
,
he
comes
by
easie
marches
without
resistance
to
Worcester
(
Massey
being
with
him
)
hoping
the
Presbyterians
in
those
parts
,
and
about
Glocester
,
would
generally
have
risen
,
and
joyned
with
the
Scots
.
The
Parliament
upon
the
first
intelligence
of
his
entrance
into
England
,
arm
all
that
possibly
they
can
against
him
,
publishing
a
Proclamation
against
him
and
all
his
adherents
as
Rebels
and
Traitors
,
and
forbidding
all
men
upon
pain
of
high
Treason
to
joyn
with
him
,
or
to
aid
or
assist
him
in
the
least
.
Cromwel
also
pursues
him
out
of
Scotland
,
with
as
great
a
part
of
his
Army
as
he
could
well
spare
;
at
Worcester
all
forces
assembled
against
him
,
meet
;
there
they
fought
,
and
the
Kings
party
in
conclusion
is
beaten
;
the
Scots
(
they
say
)
many
of
them
,
refusing
to
fight
at
all
.
The
King
in
a
disguize
very
hardly
escapes
;
yet
it
pleased
God
,
that
at
last
he
got
safely
out
of
England
,
many
of
the
Scottish
Nobility
,
and
some
of
the
English
,
being
taken
prisoners
,
and
kept
long
after
in
the
Tower
of
London
.
This
fight
at
Worcester
happened
Septemb.
3.
1651.
a
remarkable
day
for
Cromwels
Victories
.
Scotland
after
this
,
is
with
little
difficulty
,
wholly
reduced
to
the
obedience
of
the
Parliament
;
and
Garisons
maintained
in
several
places
,
even
to
the
utmost
Northern
Coasts
;
and
they
who
formerly
would
not
be
subject
to
their
King
,
are
now
inforced
to
submit
to
Cromwell
and
his
Faction
.
Afterwards
in
Anno
1652.
But
some
while
before
this
peace
was
concluded
,
The
Parliament
being
thus
turned
out
,
Cromwel
and
his
Army
Officers
take
upon
them
the
government
of
the
Nation
:
They
presently
impose
six
Months
Tax
,
and
erect
a
new
Council
of
State
,
(
Bradshaw
who
formerly
for
his
good
service
was
President
,
is
now
not
so
much
as
a
Member
of
the
Council
.
)
Cromwel
soon
after
cals
a
Convention
,
of
about
an
hundred
and
twenty
persons
,
pickt
out
by
himself
,
out
of
the
several
Counties
of
the
Nation
,
most
of
them
inferiour
persons
,
and
of
the
Independent
and
Anabaptistical
faction
.
These
were
summoned
by
particular
Warrants
or
Tickets
in
paper
,
under
his
own
hand
only
to
meet
at
Westminster
,
and
consult
for
t
setling
the
Nation
.
Being
met
according
to
their
summons
,
Iuly
4.
●653
▪
in
the
Commons
House
of
Parliament
,
and
having
chosen
them
a
Chairman
or
Speaker
,
Cromwel
comes
in
amongst
them
,
and
puls
a
writing
out
of
his
pocket
,
thereby
giving
them
the
supream
authority
of
the
Nation
:
upon
this
they
presently
vote
themselves
to
be
a
Parliament
,
and
to
requite
his
courtesie
,
they
vote
him
to
be
a
Member
of
their
Parliament
.
Thus
being
seated
in
Authority
,
they
make
an
Act
for
six
Months
Tax
,
at
the
old
rate
of
120000
li.
a
Month
;
and
another
Act
concerning
marriages
,
appointing
Justices
of
Peace
to
marry
,
and
none
other
marriages
to
be
valid
or
lawful
:
In
the
same
Act
,
they
ordain
a
Register
to
be
kept
in
every
Parish
,
in
which
is
to
be
set
down
all
births
and
burials
,
not
so
much
as
mentioning
Baptism
,
as
a
thing
in
their
opinion
at
least
not
necessary
:
thus
they
lessen
and
diminish
the
use
and
authority
of
Ministers
,
whom
they
intended
by
degrees
,
to
take
wholly
away
.
In
order
whereunto
,
they
had
a
design
to
take
a
way
Tithes
;
but
the
Ministers
of
London
,
being
called
to
alledge
what
might
be
said
in
defence
of
them
,
by
their
Counsel
learned
in
the
Law
,
and
by
Arguments
out
of
Scripture
,
they
opposed
so
strongly
,
as
that
debate
was
laid
aside
for
the
present
.
But
that
failing
,
they
had
another
device
,
namely
by
an
Act
,
in
one
day
,
to
have
unbottomed
all
Ministers
in
England
,
and
to
have
lockt
up
the
Church
doors
,
(
as
some
affirmed
)
and
then
afterward
,
to
have
taken
in
whom
they
had
thought
good
,
which
may
probably
be
conceived
,
should
have
been
only
such
as
would
have
renounced
their
orders
,
if
not
their
baptism
.
Things
being
carried
so
high
and
in
such
a
frantick
manner
,
the
more
moderate
among
them
weary
of
the
work
,
and
fearing
they
should
rather
bring
things
into
further
confusion
,
then
settle
any
thing
,
they
repair
to
Cromwel
the
General
,
desiring
him
to
take
again
into
his
hands
his
Writing
or
conveyance
of
the
supream
power
;
whereupon
he
presently
dissolves
them
:
but
some
of
the
Anabaptists
refusing
to
obey
,
and
continuing
still
in
the
house
at
their
prayers
,
he
sent
Souldiers
who
pulled
them
out
,
and
lockt
up
the
doors
against
them
Decemb.
12.
1653.
This
Schismatical
Convention
,
called
by
some
the
little
horn
,
being
thus
timely
and
happily
outed
;
Cromwel
upon
the
sixteenth
day
of
the
same
month
,
having
by
advice
of
his
Army-Officers
and
Council
of
State
,
framed
an
Instrument
of
Government
,
presently
after
printed
and
published
,
consisting
of
fourty
two
Articles
(
and
therefore
by
some
called
his
forty
two
string'd
fidle
,
by
others
the
Magna
Charta
)
takes
upon
him
the
Government
of
the
three
Nations
,
as
Supream
Magistrate
,
under
the
Title
of
Lord
Protector
of
the
Commonwealth
of
England
,
Scotland
and
Ireland
.
And
sending
for
the
Commissioners
of
the
great
Seal
,
the
Lord
Maior
and
Aldermen
of
London
,
with
the
Judges
of
Law
,
and
the
chief
Officers
of
his
Army
,
(
Proclamation
thereof
being
made
in
London
)
he
is
solemnly
installed
in
Westminster-hall
,
taking
an
oath
to
govern
according
to
that
Instrument
and
the
Laws
of
the
Land
,
though
nothing
could
be
more
repugnant
to
the
Laws
then
that
Instrument
was
.
According
to
that
Instrument
,
England
,
Scotland
and
Ireland
;
whereof
as
before
,
he
had
made
himself
Protector
.
It
is
probable
the
Protector
foresaw
that
little
or
nothing
would
be
done
by
this
Parliament
;
and
therefore
to
make
sure
work
,
he
and
his
Council
,
(
besides
this
Ordinance
fo●
his
stile
and
Title
,
for
the
issuing
o●
Writs
,
and
for
Law-proceedings
,
t●
go
according
to
that
Stile
and
Title
and
some
others
of
the
like
nature
made
in
the
beginning
of
his
government
immediately
upon
the
Change
)
I
say
besides
these
,
before
the
Convening
of
this
Parliament
a
very
few
dayes
,
he
publishes
by
Authority
o●
himself
and
his
Council
above
twenty
Ordinances
(
as
some
reckoned
them
,
)
which
were
observed
as
valid
Laws
;
and
amongst
them
,
one
remarkable
one
,
for
the
Ejecting
of
Ignorant
,
scandalous
and
insufficient
Ministers
by
any
five
,
or
more
of
the
Commissioners
therein
named
:
and
by
which
in
a
quarter
of
a
years
time
,
they
ejected
many
Ministers
(
especially
in
Norfolk
)
out
of
their
livings
;
scarce
one
of
twenty
that
were
accused
or
complained
of
,
but
were
ejected
;
And
this
was
done
(
I
suppose
)
to
gratifie
the
Anabaptistical
and
Independent
party
,
who
hitherto
beheld
Oliver
with
an
evil
eye
,
since
he
was
Protector
,
looking
(
as
they
thought
)
too
like
a
King.
The
Parliament
convened
according
to
appointment
at
Westminster
,
Septemb.
3.
they
presently
question
the
Protectors
Authority
,
though
he
had
at
their
first
meeting
,
in
a
very
large
speech
,
presently
after
printed
and
published
,
magnified
the
same
,
as
if
he
had
been
called
to
the
Place
,
by
the
concurrent
and
universal
consent
of
the
whole
Nation
.
It
is
true
they
consented
,
because
they
could
do
no
otherwise
,
being
forced
thereunto
by
his
armed
power
.
To
silence
and
suppress
this
question
,
within
a
few
dayes
after
their
sitting
,
he
enjoyns
a
Recognition
or
acknowledgement
of
his
power
,
by
a
particular
subscription
of
every
one
of
the
Members
,
before
they
were
admitted
to
enter
the
House
any
more
:
and
such
as
would
not
subscribe
,
were
forcibly
secluded
by
a
guard
of
Sould●ers
;
but
at
last
all
or
most
of
them
subscribed
.
No
sooner
were
they
set
again
,
bu●
they
fall
in
hand
with
the
Instrumen●
of
Government
,
examining
it
in
every
particular
;
and
the
Protector
suffered
them
to
go
on
without
interruption
.
They
would
have
been
content
to
have
made
him
Protector
,
but
they
would
not
allow
of
the
Instrument
of
Government
in
all
things
.
Ye
must
know
by
the
way
,
that
one
Article
of
the
Government
was
that
the
Parliament
called
and
convened
,
must
sit
five
months
(
if
themselves
think
good
)
and
during
that
time
,
the
Protector
had
not
power
to
dissolve
them
;
but
afterwards
at
any
time
he
might
:
It
was
further
ordained
,
that
whatsoever
Acts
they
made
and
tendred
to
him
,
if
he
did
not
consent
within
thirty
dayes
,
or
satisfie
them
to
the
contrary
,
they
were
to
be
Laws
valid
and
binding
,
without
him
.
To
conclude
,
they
spent
so
long
time
in
tuning
the
instrument
,
that
just
at
the
five
moneths
end
(
counting
precisely
twenty
eight
dayes
to
a
moneth
)
the
Protector
calls
them
together
,
tells
them
he
thought
they
had
been
asleep
,
having
not
of
a
long
time
heard
from
them
;
That
they
had
sate
long
and
done
nothing
,
and
therefore
tells
them
they
may
repaire
every
one
to
his
several
home
.
Thus
they
are
dissolved
with
a
kind
of
jeer
,
Ianuary
22.
1654.
But
I
must
tell
you
,
the
Parliament
would
not
tender
him
any
Bill
to
passe
,
nor
receive
any
Laws
from
him
,
till
such
time
as
they
had
regulated
the
Government
of
the
Nation
,
and
confirmed
his
authority
upon
him
.
The
truth
is
,
they
thought
him
not
to
have
power
to
enact
Laws
,
till
themselves
had
given
it
him
:
And
therefore
they
would
have
nothing
pass
,
till
altogether
were
done
and
finished
.
After
the
breaking
up
of
this
Parliament
,
it
was
generally
thought
,
w●
should
never
have
had
any
more
in
h●●
time
.
For
the
Protector
betake
himself
to
other
Methods
of
government
.
That
y●ar
1655.
And
because
divers
ejected
Ministers
,
had
during
the
sitting
of
this
●ast
Parliament
,
and
soon
after
,
commenced
suits
in
Law
for
the
recovery
of
their
Livings
,
and
had
gotten
(
some
of
them
)
damages
against
their
Intruders
,
and
had
hopes
of
recovering
the
possession
of
their
Livings
:
and
some
of
them
had
already
got
into
possession
by
Law
:
The
Protector
publisheth
a
Proclamation
,
thereby
strictly
commanding
them
to
quit
their
possessions
,
and
to
release
all
judgements
ob●ained
,
and
further
inhibiting
all
At●ournies
,
Lawyers
and
Advocates
,
to
●ommence
or
prosecute
any
Suits
●or
,
or
to
plead
in
the
behalf
of
such
Clients
;
And
all
Judges
are
likew●●
inhibited
,
to
admit
of
any
such
Ac●●ons
or
Pleas
in
any
of
their
Courts
.
A●●
which
,
was
apparently
to
deny
the●
the
benefit
of
the
Law
,
(
which
is
t●●
highest
Act
of
Arbitrary
and
Tyran●●
power
that
can
be
)
and
consequent●●
to
condemn
that
Authority
as
illeg●●
by
which
they
were
first
ejected
.
Furthermore
upon
occasion
of
a
risi●●
in
the
Spring
,
by
some
of
the
Kin●
party
in
the
West
,
he
not
only
pr●●ceeds
against
Col.
Iohn
Penruddock
,
a●●
divers
other
Gentlemen
,
by
Capit●●
punishment
;
but
he
decimates
all
th●
Cavaleers
or
Gentlemen
of
the
la●●
Kings
party
,
that
had
been
in
ar●
for
him
,
all
over
England
;
that
is
,
〈◊〉
enjoyns
them
to
pay
yearly
the
ten●●
part
of
their
whole
Revenue
,
notwit●
standing
their
former
Compositio●
made
for
their
Estates
,
and
their
P●●dons
sued
out
as
the
Parliament
〈◊〉
enjoyned
,
and
also
the
late
Act
of
O●livion
,
anno
1651.
And
this
Deci●●tion
was
put
in
execution
by
these
Major
Generals
.
And
in
this
Government
,
he
much
resembled
the
Turk
:
Himself
like
the
Grand
Signior
,
ruling
by
sole
command
,
had
his
standing
Army
(
as
a
guard
for
his
Person
)
answerable
to
the
Janizaries
;
and
his
Major
Generals
representing
the
Bashaws
in
their
several
Provinces
;
And
besides
these
,
he
had
his
Auxiliaries
lately
set
up
in
every
County
;
viz.
certain
Troops
of
horse
,
and
Companies
of
foot
,
armed
and
ready
upon
all
occasions
,
maintaining
and
finding
their
own
horses
and
arms
;
for
a
constant
yearly
salary
,
the
horsemen
had
8
li.
per
annum
,
and
the
foot
3
li.
and
these
were
upon
any
occasion
to
be
drawn
forth
,
and
march
in
a
few
hours
warning
.
Anno
1656.
Westminster
,
Sept.
17.
Upon
their
first
meeting
,
man●
of
the
Members
of
several
Counti●
were
excluded
,
because
they
had
bee●
somewhat
busie
and
active
in
the
Parliament
before
.
This
exclusion
〈◊〉
Members
being
noised
abroad
,
man●
that
were
not
yet
gone
up
,
went
not
a●
all
,
lest
when
they
came
there
,
the●
should
be
excluded
and
sent
hom●
again
.
There
were
in
all
about
sevenscore
or
more
that
absented
themselves
,
or
were
secluded
the
House
b●
order
from
the
Council
of
State
;
an●
yet
not
any
reason
alledged
again●●
them
.
They
represent
the
injury
t●
the
House
,
but
find
no
redress
;
th●
House
dare
not
offend
the
Protecto●
by
admitting
their
Fellow-Members
.
This
Parliament
thus
purged
an●
garbled
,
was
for
the
Protectors
turn●
he
gave
them
leave
to
sit
almost
tw●
five
moneths
without
dissolving
or
adjourning
▪
About
the
begining
of
the
next
spring
,
Mean
time
the
Independents
and
Factious
people
fast
and
pray
,
to
avert
the
judgment
that
is
like
to
fall
upon
them
,
in
having
a
King.
Some
great
Commanders
in
the
Army
,
and
many
of
the
common-souldiers
express
thei●
dislike
of
it
;
amongst
whom
Lambert
,
the
Leiutenant-General
,
is
the
cheif
,
conceiving
it
a
barre
to
his
ambitious
hopes
.
It
is
more
then
probable
,
the
Protector
himself
thirsted
after
it
,
and
that
the
designe
was
first
hammered
in
his
own
forge
;
for
Thurloe
his
Secretary
openly
promoted
it
,
and
(
as
it
was
said
)
brought
in
the
Bill
.
But
when
the
Parliament
made
their
second
address
to
him
,
he
modestly
denied
it
,
yet
he
gave
them
thanks
for
their
good
affections
to
him
.
This
Parliament
sat
from
the
17.
of
September
,
to
the
26.
of
June
.
And
then
by
an
Act
entituled
The
humble
Petition
and
advice
,
they
constitute
him
Protector
,
and
give
him
power
to
nominate
his
Successor
,
which
was
all
one
as
to
establish
the
Government
in
his
Family
:
They
erect
another
House
of
Parliament
,
in
place
of
the
Lords
,
for
which
they
could
invent
no
other
name
,
but
The
Other
House
.
It
was
to
consist
of
a
number
of
persons
not
exceeding
seventy
,
nor
less
then
fourty
,
all
chosen
or
nominated
by
the
Protector
,
and
to
be
called
particularly
by
Writs
,
as
the
House
of
Peers
were
wont
to
be
:
They
also
ordain
some
other
qualifications
for
future
elections
of
Parliament
men
;
and
appoint
an
Oath
to
be
taken
by
the
Protector
,
and
by
all
successive
Protectors
:
and
also
another
Oath
by
all
the
Members
,
both
of
the
one
and
Other
House
upon
their
enterance
to
sit
in
Parliament
.
Some
other
things
they
ordaine
in
that
Petition
and
advice
,
for
setling
the
future
Government
.
All
which
the
Protector
ratifies
and
confirms
,
by
giving
his
solemn
assent
in
those
words
,
the
Lord
Protector
doth
consent
.
Further
in
that
Act
,
they
limit
him
so
far
,
as
not
to
impose
any
Tax
or
payment
upon
the
People
,
without
their
consent
in
Parliament
;
and
in
lieu
thereof
,
they
give
him
35000
li.
a
month
by
way
of
Tax
for
three
years
to
come
,
from
June
24.
1657.
besides
the
Excise
,
Tunage
and
Poundage
,
the
Customs
,
all
the
Crown
lands
that
were
unsold
,
and
all
Forfeitures
,
Penalties
,
and
other
accidental
Emoluments
that
the
Kings
of
England
were
wont
to
have
;
amounting
in
the
whole
to
Thirteen
Hundred
Thousand
Pounds
per
annum
;
for
so
much
they
promised
to
settle
upon
him
forthwith
,
as
a
certaine
standing
Revenue
,
besides
land
Taxes
.
This
done
,
he
does
not
dissove
,
but
only
adjourn
the
Parliament
,
to
the
20.
of
January
following
.
But
in
the
mean
time
soon
after
their
adjournment
,
the
Protector
Cashiers
Lambert
his
Leiuetenant-General
,
and
Hacker
Colonel
of
his
life-guard
,
and
some
other
Officers
of
his
Army
,
who
were
conceived
to
be
averse
to
the
business
of
his
Kingship
;
which
gave
men
cause
to
conclude
,
that
he
stil●
thirsted
after
the
Kingly
dignity
,
as
indeed
it
is
more
then
probable
he
did
.
And
here
let
me
tell
you
,
there
goeth
a
story
very
credibly
and
confidently
reported
by
some
persons
knowing
and
well-affected
to
the
late
Protector
,
That
he
,
when
he
was
a
boy
,
and
going
to
schoole
at
Huntington
,
where
his
father
dwelt
,
dreamed
one
night
that
he
should
be
King
,
and
Ruler
over
all
the
Kingdom
of
England
,
but
afterward
he
should
be
hanged
.
This
dream
he
tells
to
his
fellow
school-boyes
,
and
by
that
meanes
it
came
to
his
Masters
eare
,
who
lashed
him
soundly
for
it
.
How
near
the
former
part
of
his
dream
was
fulfilled
,
appears
by
this
story
;
and
how
justly
he
deserved
the
latter
part
,
I
leave
it
to
others
to
judge
?
Against
the
meeting
of
the
Parliament
by
adjournment
,
he
sends
out
his
Writ
,
for
summoning
the
Members
of
his
other
House
.
Some
antient
Peers
of
the
Land
he
summoned
,
as
the
Earl
of
Warwick
,
the
Earl
of
Manchester
,
the
Lord
Say
;
I
cannot
say
,
whether
or
no
the
Earl
of
Sali●bary
was
one
,
because
he
seldom
wanted
a
place
in
the
House
of
Commons
▪
Others
,
some
of
them
,
were
Gentlemen
of
quality
in
several
Counties
and
of
good
repute
,
but
the
most
o●
them
were
of
his
Army-men
,
or
o●
his
alliance
,
that
had
married
into
his
Family
.
Amongst
his
Army-men
,
there
were
Pride
the
Dray-man
,
Hewson
the
Shoomaker
,
Barksted
the
broken
Thimble-maker
,
and
others
the
like
,
all
Colonels
of
his
Army
;
and
Lambert
also
to
gratifie
:
him
,
is
made
one
of
his
Peers
;
and
Haselrig
,
that
was
a
great
stickler
against
him
in
all
Parliaments
,
is
another
.
There
is
a
Catalogue
extant
of
them
all
,
and
therefore
it
is
needless
to
repeat
them
.
When
the
time
came
according
to
the
Adjournment
,
January
20.
the
Nobility
though
called
,
disdained
to
appear
:
Many
of
the
Gentry
absented
themselves
,
yet
some
of
all
sorts
(
except
only
the
Nobility
)
enough
to
make
a
competent
number
,
appeared
.
Some
that
were
called
to
his
other
House
,
were
elected
for
the
House
of
Commons
,
and
chose
that
place
,
rather
then
the
other
House
;
Sir
Arthur
Haselrig
(
always
an
enemy
to
the
King
,
and
no
friend
to
the
Protector
)
was
one
of
the
number
:
The
House
of
Commons
would
by
no
means
digest
that
other
House
,
nor
own
them
;
though
some
messages
were
sent
to
them
,
yet
would
they
not
vouchsafe
them
any
answer
.
Besides
this
,
there
was
another
business
set
on
foot
in
the
House
of
Commons
,
that
touched
the
Protector
very
nearly
;
and
that
was
their
tampering
with
the
power
of
the
Militia
:
The
People
were
to
pay
the
Army
,
and
it
was
thought
just
by
many
,
that
the
Parliament
should
have
command
of
them
.
And
it
was
suspected
,
had
they
sate
but
a
little
longer
,
that
the
Army
,
or
a
considerable
part
of
it
,
would
have
adhered
to
the
Parliament
.
To
prevent
this
mischief
,
that
was
〈◊〉
working
,
the
Protector
suddenly
a●●
unexpectedly
dissolves
them
,
Febr.
●●
with
this
word
of
comfort
(
nevertheless
)
to
his
other
House
,
My
Lords
,
ye
are
Lords
,
and
shall
be
Lords
.
The
Parliament
thus
again
dissolved
in
discontent
,
things
rested
as
formerly
,
though
not
without
much
murmuring
and
secret
discontent
,
both
in
the
Protector
and
People
.
About
the
latter
end
of
August
,
His
Funeral
was
a
great
while
deferred
,
his
body
embalmed
and
kept
above
ground
many
moneths
together
,
with
mourners
continually
attending
his
corpse
,
and
meat
carried
up
and
served
on
his
Table
,
as
if
he
had
been
the
greatest
Prince
in
Christendom
,
and
afterwards
he
was
interred
with
as
great
funeral
solemnity
,
as
ever
any
King
of
England
was
interred
,
and
his
Hearse
or
Statue
set
up
after
the
manner
of
Kings
,
and
a
most
most
magnificent
Monument
erected
for
him
.
It
is
worth
the
remembring
,
that
about
a
year
or
two
before
his
death
,
he
made
a
new
broad
Seal
,
with
the
Arms
of
England
,
viz.
a
Saint
Georges
Cross
,
quartered
with
Saint
Andrews
Cross
for
Scotland
,
and
the
Harp
for
Ireland
,
and
his
own
Coat
in
a
little
Escutcheon
in
the
midst
;
his
Helmet
and
Mantle
,
with
a
Crown
imperial
,
and
a
Lion
puissant
for
his
Crest
,
and
and
the
supporters
a
Lyon
and
a
Dragon
:
the
Motto
underneath
his
Ar●●
Pax
quaeritur
Bello
.
And
this
inscrip●●●
on
about
,
Sigillum
magnum
Reipub●●●
Anglioe
,
Scotiae
&
Hiberniae
:
On
th●
other
side
,
himself
on
Horseba●●
richly
trappered
,
as
the
King
Seal
〈◊〉
wont
to
be
;
and
the
Inscription
abo●●
it
,
Oliverus
Dei
gratia
,
Reipublicae
A●●gliae
,
Scotiae
&
Hiberniae
Protector
.
And
though
he
usually
coined
〈◊〉
money
,
yet
I
have
seen
some
piec●
of
Silver
,
of
an
half
crown
bigne●●
with
his
Arms
(
as
before
)
on
the
o●side
,
and
his
Picture
crowned
with
ba●●
on
the
other
side
,
and
the
former
I●scription
.
In
these
respects
so
near
〈◊〉
approached
to
the
Royal
dignity
sure
I
am
,
he
assumed
more
powe●
and
authority
,
then
ever
any
King●
England
did
.
The
Protector
before
his
death
,
h●●
according
to
the
fore-mention●
Humble
Petition
and
Advice
,
a●pointed
his
eldest
Son
Richard
Cr●●wel
,
to
succeed
him
in
his
place
;
an●
accordingly
immediately
after
his
Fathers
death
,
he
was
proclaimed
in
London
,
and
soon
after
all
over
England
.
The
Independents
,
Anabaptists
and
other
Sectaries
,
were
not
well
pleased
at
it
;
they
had
rather
have
had
Fleetwood
in
the
place
,
who
had
married
the
late
Protectors
Daughter
,
Iretons
Widow
;
for
Richard
had
formerly
been
reputed
a
kind
of
a
good
fellow
and
a
Royallist
,
and
never
was
in
Arms
against
the
King
,
as
all
the
rest
of
his
Fathers
Family
and
Allies
had
been
.
Richard
soon
after
cals
a
Parliament
to
begin
at
Westminster
.
Jan.
27.
n●t
according
to
the
Inst●ument
of
Government
,
but
after
the
old
way
,
two
in
a
County
,
&c.
Before
the
calling
of
the
Parliament
,
and
after
,
congratulatoty
Addresses
are
made
to
Richard
,
from
most
Counties
,
Cities
and
Corporations
of
Note
in
England
,
extolling
the
merits
of
his
heroick
Father
,
expressing
their
joy
for
the
succession
of
such
a
Son
,
and
promising
to
adhere
to
him
withall
faithfulness
and
loyalty
.
In
some
of
thei●
Addresses
,
they
compare
the
Father
to
Moses
,
and
the
Son
to
Joshua
,
the
Guiders
and
Conductors
of
Gods
People
out
of
Aegyptian
thraldom
,
with
other
the
like
blasphemous
expressions
.
Richard
receives
these
Addresses
with
as
much
gravity
,
as
they
were
tendered
with
humility
;
so
that
no
man
could
imagine
,
but
that
he
was
most
firmly
fixed
in
his
Throne
;
And
Lilly
the
States
mercenary
Prognosticator
,
assures
it
,
from
his
Astrological
Predictions
of
that
year
.
At
the
opening
of
the
Parliament
Jan.
27.
he
makes
a
Speech
to
both
his
Houses
,
wherein
he
minds
them
of
his
just
and
lawful
Title
to
the
Government
,
not
only
by
the
wonderful
Providence
of
God
,
but
by
the
disposition
of
the
Laws
:
he
tels
them
,
h●
had
convened
them
together
for
important
affairs
of
State
,
for
the
honour
and
safety
of
the
Nation
;
willed
them
to
take
into
consideration
,
the
necessity
of
the
Navy
and
Army
,
whom
he
commends
for
their
patience
and
obedience
,
to
the
best
Army
in
the
world
:
some
other
things
to
this
purpose
he
commended
to
them
,
and
told
them
in
conclusion
,
that
they
should
find
him
ready
and
willing
to
concur
with
them
in
any
thing
for
the
good
of
the
publick
;
and
to
deny
them
nothing
that
was
just
and
fit
;
And
that
if
this
were
not
an
happy
Parliament
,
it
should
not
be
his
fault
.
And
all
this
(
says
the
Book
)
was
spoken
with
so
gracious
and
Princely
a
deportment
,
as
hath
gained
this
opinion
amongst
the
wisest
Hearers
,
that
he
deservedly
holds
the
place
of
Supream
Magistrate
in
these
Nations
.
Thus
the
Parliament
began
,
and
great
hopes
there
were
of
good
agreement
between
the
Protector
and
the
People
:
and
doubtless
he
for
his
part
,
would
have
given
them
leave
to
ha●●
setled
the
Nation
as
they
though●
good
,
both
for
Religion
and
Civi●
Government
.
But
still
the
othe●
House
,
though
called
as
formerly
,
an●
many
of
them
convened
,
would
no●
down
with
the
Commons
;
they
would
not
in
the
least
own
this
new
made
House
of
Lords
;
sit
they
might
,
if
they
pleased
,
but
little
or
nothing
they
had
to
do
:
for
the
Commons
would
never
impart
any
thing
to
them
,
nor
indeed
have
any
inter
course
with
them
.
A
pitiful
company
of
Peers
they
were
,
and
accordingly
regarded
.
But
Richard
and
the
House
of
Commons
agreed
very
well
;
he
was
willing
to
leave
all
to
them
;
And
there
being
a
very
great
number
of
young
Lawyers
in
the
House
,
that
gaped
for
preferment
,
they
were
willing
to
give
him
power
enough
:
too
much
as
many
suspected
.
Ye
must
know
,
that
in
all
Parliaments
since
Olivers
time
,
there
was
a
faction
of
men
in
the
House
,
called
Common-wealths
men
,
that
were
for
a
free
State
(
as
they
called
it
)
and
against
a
single
Person
.
These
were
such
as
had
purchased
the
Lands
of
Bishops
,
Deans
and
Chapters
,
and
those
belonging
to
the
late
King
,
Queen
,
and
Prince
;
And
they
feared
,
that
these
Lands
might
be
at
one
time
or
other
restored
,
unless
the
Government
were
again
setled
in
the
way
of
a
Common-wealth
:
for
a
single
Person
they
thought
might
possibly
come
to
be
a
King.
With
these
also
concurred
all
such
,
both
Parliament-men
and
Army-men
,
as
were
highly
guilty
of
the
Kings
Trial
and
death
.
And
all
these
together
,
had
a
great
influence
upon
the
Army
.
These
generally
were
disaffected
to
the
Protector
.
The
Army
also
(
Richard
having
never
been
a
Souldier
)
were
very
desirous
to
have
a
General
of
their
own
choice
with
power
to
place
and
displace
what
Army-Officers
he
thoug●●
fit
.
Fleetwood
the
Protectors
Br●ther
in-law
,
or
Lambert
aims
at
th●
place
;
To
effect
their
design
,
they
with
the
Commonwealths
men
i●
Parliament
,
as
Haselrig
,
and
Vane
▪
Scot
and
Weaver
,
and
others
the
like
▪
make
a
Faction
in
the
Army
again●●
the
Protector
.
The
Commanders
o●
the
Army
that
were
of
this
Faction
had
frequent
meetings
at
Fleetwood
Lodging
at
Wallingford
House
〈◊〉
whereof
Richard
had
notice
,
and
migh●
have
supprest
them
in
time
,
by
som●
chief
Officers
that
were
of
his
part
who
offered
their
assistance
thereunto
▪
but
being
loth
to
hazard
the
effusion
o●
blood
,
he
let
things
rest
,
hoping
(
perhaps
)
they
would
not
have
proceeded
a
afterwards
they
did
.
Fleetwood
soon
after
advises
him
t●
adjourn
the
Parliament
,
The
Parliament
thus
suddenly
dissolved
,
the
Souldiers
were
at
a
loss
what
to
do
;
at
last
they
resolve
,
after
a
solemn
Fast
had
among
themselves
(
as
their
manner
was
)
to
call
in
that
piece
or
tail
of
the
long
Parliament
,
(
that
Cromwell
and
themselves
had
broke
up
and
cast
out
six
years
before
,
April
20.
1653.
)
to
return
again
to
the
exercise
of
their
trust
,
as
they
termed
it
;
expressing
their
Repentance
for
that
action
,
and
desiring
to
return
again
into
the
good
old
way
.
Lenthal
the
Speaker
,
and
some
others
of
that
company
,
being
then
in
and
about
the
City
,
very
gladly
accept
the
motion
;
they
thought
long
to
be
again
in
authority
.
They
call
together
all
their
fellow-Members
that
they
could
get
,
and
had
much
ado
to
make
fourty
,
though
they
took
two
of
them
out
of
the
Gaol
,
viz.
the
Lord
Munson
and
Henry
Martin
,
who
were
Prisoners
there
upon
executio●●
Being
thus
got
together
upon
Saturday
aftenoon
,
May
7.
the
Speaker
with
the
rest
,
enter
the
House
,
and
set
again
as
a
Parliament
;
publishing
a
Proclamation
or
Declaration
,
to
let
the
People
understand
,
how
by
the
wonderful
providence
and
mercy
of
God
,
they
were
again
restored
to
the
exercise
of
their
trust
,
being
(
as
they
call
themselves
)
Asserters
of
the
Good
old
Cause
,
&c.
The
Munday
following
,
Mr.
William
Prin
a
Bencher
of
Lincolns
Inn
,
and
many
more
Members
of
the
Long
Parliament
,
that
were
secluded
upon
the
Kings
Tryal
,
December
1648
,
met
together
at
Westminster
,
and
went
to
the
House-door
,
demanding
admission
to
sit
with
the
rest
,
but
were
denied
entrance
,
and
kept
out
with
armed
guards
.
Whereupon
he
writes
a
Book
called
his
Narrative
,
wherein
he
declraes
at
large
their
manner
of
demanding
admission
,
and
in
what
manner
they
were
forcibly
kept
out
,
and
very
solidly
pleads
the
Kings
cause
against
their
Commonwealth
.
And
another
Book
he
writes
and
publishes
at
the
same
time
,
intituled
,
The
good
old
Cause
,
wherein
he
manifestly
proves
,
by
twelve
undeniable
Arguments
,
that
that
which
they
termed
the
good
old
Cause
,
was
far
worse
,
more
destructive
both
to
Church
and
State
,
to
Religion
and
the
Common-wealth
,
then
the
Gunpowder
Treason
.
And
though
he
openly
owned
and
avowed
these
Books
,
setting
his
name
to
them
,
yet
they
never
returned
the
least
answer
to
them
,
nor
questioned
the
Author
:
But
these
Books
thus
seasonably
published
,
gave
a
deadly
blow
to
their
good
old
Cause
,
though
the
operation
of
it
was
not
so
presently
discerned
.
The
Parliament
(
those
few
that
were
)
being
thus
got
in
again
,
they
presently
depose
the
Protector
,
and
alter
the
Government
from
a
sin●●
person
to
a
Common-wealth
.
Th●●null
all
honouts
conferred
by
th●
late
Protector
,
so
that
many
are
in
a●
instant
unknighted
,
whom
Oliver
before
had
honoured
with
that
dignity
Richard
himself
but
the
other
da●
Lord
Protector
of
England
,
Scotlan●
and
Ireland
,
and
his
Highness
at
every
word
,
is
now
in
the
language
of
th●
Parliament
but
Richard
Cromwel
Esq
for
by
that
.
Title
they
wrote
to
him
to
quit
his
Lodgings
,
and
remove●
from
White-hall
:
and
his
Excellency
Lord
Henry
Cromwell
,
Lord
Lieutenant
of
Ireland
,
is
now
no
more
the●
Mr.
Henry
Cromwel
;
All
Olivers
venerable
House
of
Peers
,
have
now
i●
an
instant
lost
their
Lordships
,
and
an●
the
same
that
formerly
they
were
;
s●
great
a
change
is
effected
in
an
instant
Only
Fleetwood
and
Lambert
are
st●●●
termed
Lords
in
the
Parliaments
fir●●
Declaration
,
May
7.
and
there
wa●●
cause
for
it
;
for
the
Parliament
w●●
what
they
were
by
their
means
.
And
now
all
mouths
are
open
in
an
instant
,
against
the
late
Protector
Oliver
,
reproaching
him
as
the
worst
of
Tyrants
and
Usurpers
,
tearing
his
Hearse
or
Statue
in
pieces
,
defacing
and
pulling
down
his
sumptuous
Monument
,
that
was
but
a
few
weeks
before
at
a
most
vast
charge
,
set
up
in
Westminster
.
The
Parliament
were
more
obliged
to
the
Army
,
then
they
were
to
the
people
,
for
putting
them
again
into
Authority
;
for
the
people
had
had
more
then
enough
of
them
,
for
almost
two
seven
years
before
.
Oliver
never
did
so
much
good
for
the
Nation
,
nor
had
more
thanks
from
the
people
,
then
when
he
and
his
Army
had
turned
these
men
out
,
as
before
is
said
,
April
20.
1653.
And
therefore
they
thought
it
concerned
them
,
rather
to
gratifie
the
Army
,
then
to
please
the
people
.
To
this
end
,
not
long
after
their
re-installment
,
they
impose
a
Tax
of
twelve
months
,
to
be
paid
〈◊〉
manner
altogether
.
That
35000
l●●
month
which
was
not
to
be
paid
〈◊〉
the
Act
that
imposed
it
,
till
Midsu●mer
,
1660.
and
that
quarterly
,
th●●
command
to
be
paid
in
presently
between
Lammas
and
Michaelmas
,
1659
▪
intending
(
as
its
probable
)
as
soon
a●
that
was
paid
in
,
to
impose
anothe●
the
like
payment
upon
the
people
.
After
this
,
about
July
,
they
pas●
an
Act
for
setling
the
Militia
,
and
i●
was
sent
down
into
the
several
Counties
,
to
be
presently
put
in
execution
▪
but
the
Army
(
as
it
was
thought
)
no●
relishing
this
design
,
it
was
soon
after
laid
aside
.
This
year
about
the
beginning
of
August
,
there
was
a
rising
in
Cheshire
,
Lancashire
,
and
the
parts
adjoyning
,
under
the
command
of
Sir
George
Booth
,
Sir
Thomas
Midleton
,
and
other
Gentlemen
in
those
parts
;
they
declare
for
a
free
and
full
Parliament
to
be
elected
by
the
People
.
It
was
commonly
reported
,
the
design
was
general
,
laid
all
over
all
England
,
and
thus
it
was
carried
on
chiefly
by
the
Presbyterian
Party
.
But
Cheshire
and
the
parts
adjacent
,
were
the
fi●st
that
arose
;
in
other
places
attempts
were
made
,
but
they
were
suppressed
.
Sir
George
Booth
had
taken
Westchester
both
Town
and
Castle
,
and
was
reported
to
be
very
numerous
.
And
therefore
upon
the
first
intelligence
thereof
,
Lambert
is
sent
out
against
him
,
with
an
Army
of
six
or
seven
thousand
men
,
and
a
train
of
Artillery
;
and
forces
from
all
quarters
are
appointed
to
draw
to
him
,
so
that
all
meeting
,
he
had
a
very
great
Army
.
Sir
George
Booth's
party
,
seeing
other
Counties
so
slack
,
begin
to
faint
and
forsake
him
;
Lambert
marching
towards
them
,
is
opposed
by
some
forces
at
a
narrow
pass
,
but
presently
all
are
routed
,
and
Sir
George
himself
,
and
some
others
are
taken
and
brought
prisoners
to
London
:
this
hapned
about
Aug.
20.
This
design
so
strongly
and
universally
(
as
was
reported
)
laid
,
and
so
soon
defeated
and
disappointed
the
Parliament
themselves
,
and
all
men
thought
them
cock-sure
.
They
begun
to
resolve
to
submit
themselves
to
the
yoke
of
their
old
Task-masters
,
seeing
no
other
remedy
;
And
the
Parliament
went
on
with
their
work
,
in
setling
the
Nation
in
a
Common-wealth
way
;
intending
after
that
was
established
,
to
proceed
severely
against
Sir
George
Booth
and
his
party
.
They
began
already
to
sequester
his
and
other
mens
estates
;
for
many
they
say
were
engaged
in
the
plot
,
all
over
England
:
and
the
City
of
Westchester
they
quite
dis-franchised
.
But
observe
what
followed
.
Lambert
and
the
Army
were
so
heightened
at
this
success
,
and
the
Parliament
(
as
they
thought
)
so
much
obliged
to
them
,
for
restoring
them
into
their
power
,
and
preserving
them
in
it
,
as
they
thought
whatsoever
they
demanded
,
would
not
have
been
denied
them
.
Thereupon
in
their
return
to
London
,
they
take
a
resolution
by
unanimous
consent
of
the
Officers
and
common
Souldiers
to
require
to
have
a
General
of
their
own
Election
,
either
Fleetwood
or
Lambert
.
The
Parliament
having
intelligence
hereof
,
resolve
the
contrary
;
calling
to
mind
,
how
six
years
before
they
had
been
served
by
Oliver
,
who
then
was
their
General
:
and
therefore
they
thought
it
not
fit
any
more
to
intrust
so
great
a
power
in
any
one
mans
hand
,
least
he
should
do
as
Oliver
had
done
.
And
therefore
they
resolve
and
vote
,
to
put
the
power
of
the
Army
into
the
hands
of
seven
Commissioners
,
whereof
about
two
or
three
(
at
most
)
were
Army-men
,
and
the
rest
Members
of
the
Parliament
.
This
Vote
of
theirs
highly
discontented
the
Army
,
and
Lambert
especially
;
the
business
came
to
that
height
,
as
about
the
tenth
or
eleventh
of
October
,
their
forces
were
draw
out
on
either
side
at
Westminste●
Some
Regiments
for
the
Parliame●●
under
the
command
of
Haselrig
,
Mo●ly
and
others
;
and
other
Regiment
for
the
Army
,
under
command
o●
Lambert
,
Desborough
,
Berry
and
othe●
Colonels
,
and
ready
they
were
t●
charge
one
another
.
The
Council
o●
State
interposing
,
prevented
blood
shed
,
but
could
not
appease
or
satisfi●
the
Army
.
At
length
the
Army
became
Masters
,
and
turned
out
the
Parliament
,
October
13.
whom
but
a
few
months
before
,
they
had
placed
in
authority
.
But
the
Parliament
did
prudently
and
stoutly
in
one
thing
;
when
they
saw
whereto
they
must
,
that
the
Army
would
turn
them
out
,
a
day
or
two
before
(
Octob.
11.
)
they
made
an
Act
presently
after
printed
and
published
,
That
it
should
be
high
Treason
in
any
,
to
impose
,
assess
,
collect
,
levy
,
or
pay
any
Excise
,
Customs
,
Tunnage
and
Poundage
,
or
any
Taxe
or
Tallage
whatsoever
,
from
that
11th
day
of
October
,
but
what
should
be
imposed
by
the
consent
of
the
People
themselves
in
Parliament
.
This
was
a
stumbling-block
to
the
Army-men
;
it
hindred
them
somewhat
from
the
raising
of
money
for
the
present
;
but
had
things
succeeded
according
to
their
minde
,
they
would
soone
have
leapt
over
it
,
and
raised
what
monies
they
pleased
.
The
Parliament
thus
casheerd
by
the
Army
,
the
next
thing
they
do
is
to
provide
places
for
themselves
.
Fleet-wood
is
made
General
,
Lambert
Lieutenant
General
,
Desborough
is
made
General
of
the
horse
.
And
they
provide
a
place
for
Monck
also
,
who
at
present
is
Governour
of
Scotland
;
him
they
will
make
Major
General
of
the
foot
.
This
for
the
Army
.
For
the
government
of
the
State
they
must
take
time
to
consider
of
that
.
But
some
things
they
lay
for
grounds
and
principles
.
1.
They
'l
free
th●
people
of
the
burthen
of
Tythes
(
and
in
time
perhaps
of
Ministers
too
)
that
hath
been
a
designe
all
along
since
the
Army
gave
Law
to
the
Nation
.
2.
They
will
perhaps
have
a
kinde
of
Parliament
,
but
not
of
the
choyce
of
the
people
;
for
the
people
(
say
they
)
are
grown
generally
so
corrupt
,
as
they
are
not
fit
to
choose
their
own
representatives
;
but
must
be
left
to
the
godly
.
In
stead
of
an
House
of
Lords
they
'l
have
a
standing
Senate
of
Army
Officers
and
such
like
godly
men
,
which
shall
have
a
Negative
voice
in
all
Parliamentary
consultations
.
These
and
some
others
,
as
I
concluded
out
o●
some
of
their
books
,
were
their
designe
.
But
the
truth
is
,
though
much
consultation
they
had
,
and
some
progresse
they
made
in
framing
a
Government
yet
could
they
make
no
work
of
it
,
they
could
not
agree
of
any
.
Only
thus
for
the
present
exigence
of
affairs
,
the
establish
a
Committee
of
Safety
,
consisting
mostly
of
Army-Officers
,
and
some
Members
of
the
late
Parliament
,
that
since
the
dissolution
thereof
,
had
sided
with
the
Army
,
whereof
Sir
Henry
Vane
was
one
.
But
that
which
spoyled
the
sport
,
and
gave
check-mate
to
their
new
intended
Government
,
was
a
businesse
in
Scotland
.
Monck
(
as
I
touched
before
)
was
governour
of
that
Nation
,
and
had
been
so
in
all
these
changes
,
almost
ever
since
Oliver
took
upon
him
the
Protectors
place
.
They
had
provided
Monck
a
place
among
them
,
(
so
courteous
they
were
)
but
they
were
not
so
prudent
as
to
consult
with
him
about
breaking
up
the
Parliament
.
And
therefore
upon
the
first
intelligence
of
these
things
,
Monck
in
Scotland
declares
against
their
proceedings
.
The
souldiers
here
(
without
expostulating
)
presently
arme
against
him
;
insomuch
as
their
forces
are
upon
their
march
towards
Scotland
,
from
Norwich
and
the
parts
thereabout
,
upon
the
29th
of
October
the
Parliament
having
been
broken
up
but
bare
sixteen
days
before
;
Monck
seeing
them
thus
on
the
forehand
with
him
,
entertains
them
with
a
Treaty
;
Commissioners
are
appointed
on
both
sides
,
and
furnished
with
instructions
;
mean
time
Monck
takes
and
fortifies
Barwick
upon
Tweed
.
The
newes
comes
that
they
are
agreed
,
and
that
both
parties
have
unanimously
declared
against
the
interest
of
Charles
Stuart
,
(
so
they
commonly
call
the
King
)
which
caused
much
rejoycing
amongst
the
Armies
adherents
;
but
this
soone
after
proved
to
be
false
:
Monck
at
the
return
of
his
Commissioners
,
is
not
satisfied
in
some
particulars
;
Neverthelesse
soone
after
,
he
desires
another
Treaty
,
which
was
held
at
Newcastle
;
during
which
time
he
calls
a
Convention
of
the
Estates
of
Scotland
,
who
(
as
it
was
reported
)
not
only
approved
this
his
undertaking
,
but
assisted
him
in
it
.
The
Treaty
at
Newcastle
,
after
some
time
spent
therein
,
had
no
better
successe
than
the
former
;
They
could
not
,
or
at
least
wise
Monck
would
not
agree
.
But
Fleetwood
notwithstanding
gives
intelligence
to
his
adherents
in
Norfolk
,
that
they
were
so
farre
agreed
,
that
if
they
should
grant
what
Monck
insisted
upon
,
it
would
be
no
whit
prejudicial
to
them
.
While
these
things
were
thus
acting
,
it
pleased
God
there
hapned
a
great
frost
,
and
after
that
so
deep
a
snow
,
as
the
like
hath
not
been
known
of
many
years
,
both
for
the
greatnesse
and
continuance
of
it
.
Monck
was
all
that
time
with
his
Army
at
Barwick
and
thereabouts
,
never
advancing
farther
into
England
than
Alnwick
.
Lambert
and
his
Army
having
much
impoverished
Yorkshire
and
those
parts
,
what
with
Taxes
and
Free-quarter
,
were
now
about
Newcastle
,
quarterred
in
a
barren
cold
Countrey
,
and
not
able
to
march
by
reason
of
the
hardnesse
of
the
weather
.
In
the
meane
time
I
must
tell
you
,
from
Lambers
first
advancing
against
Monck
,
the
Londoners
had
been
solicited
by
Fleetwood
and
the
rest
,
to
joyn
with
the
Army
;
but
they
utterly
refuse
it
,
though
they
liked
well
enough
the
turning
out
of
the
Parliament
.
About
the
beginning
of
December
,
the
Apprentices
and
some
others
Petition
the
Lord
Major
and
Court
of
Aldermen
;
the
souldiers
interpose
;
whereupon
there
is
a
great
hurliburly
in
the
City
,
and
some
blood
is
shed
,
a
Captain
(
they
say
)
being
slaine
;
but
by
the
means
of
the
Major
,
the
tumult
is
appeased
.
Fleetwood
upon
this
occasion
,
to
curb
the
City
,
and
prevent
any
risings
hereafter
,
sends
in
a
considerable
part
of
his
Army
;
they
take
and
fortifie
four
houses
in
several
parts
of
the
City
,
whereof
Gresham
Colledge
was
one
;
these
they
strengthen
with
souldiers
and
Granadoes
,
and
threaten
to
fire
the
City
in
case
the
Citizens
should
stir
.
VVhile
these
things
were
thus
carried
at
London
,
Haselrig
and
some
Army
Officers
,
that
from
the
first
had
adhered
to
the
Parliament
,
got
into
Portsmouth
about
December
the
third
;
and
there
joyning
with
some
chief
Officers
of
the
Navy
,
declare
openly
for
the
Parliament
against
the
Army
;
And
because
the
City
of
London
would
not
joyne
with
them
,
(
for
they
liked
the
Parliament
as
thus
constituted
,
as
ill
as
they
did
the
Army
)
they
with
a
considerable
part
of
the
Navy
under
the
command
of
Lawson
then
Admiral
,
(
who
had
a
little
before
deserted
the
Army
)
block
up
the
Thames
;
this
was
about
a
week
before
Christmas
.
The
City
thus
blockt
up
by
Sea
,
and
Garison'd
with
Fleetwoods
souldiers
by
Land
,
were
in
a
sad
condition
:
but
for
all
this
they
would
neither
declare
for
the
Army
nor
Parliament
,
but
still
desired
to
have
a
free
Parliament
of
the
election
of
the
People
;
to
which
the
souldiers
forced
by
necessity
and
want
of
money
,
at
last
consented
;
b●
with
such
qualifications
,
as
had
the●
been
observed
,
would
have
rendere●
the
Parliament
wholly
subservient
o●
the
Armies
interest
;
And
the
Committee
of
Safety
had
by
a
Proclamation
summoned
the
same
to
begin
a●
Westminster
,
Ianuary
24.
But
the
Parliament
now
commonly
called
the
Rump
,
(
and
so
I
shall
hereafter
terme
them
)
taking
the
opportunity
of
this
difference
between
the
Citie
and
Army
,
made
a
shift
to
mee●
together
,
(
a
competeur
number
o●
them
(
about
40.
)
and
to
crowde
again
into
the
House
,
December
26.
late
in
the
Evening
by
Torch-light
.
But
lest
the
Londoners
should
joyne
with
the
Army
,
and
oppose
,
they
promise
upon
their
first
fitting
,
either
to
call
in
the
Secluded
Members
by
the
6th
.
of
Jannuary
;
or
else
to
issue
out
Writs
for
filling
up
the
House
by
new
Elections
.
To
pacifie
the
Army
,
they
passe
a
Vote
of
Indempnity
to
Fleetwood
,
Lambert
,
and
all
rest
of
the
Army
,
both
Officers
and
Souldiers
,
for
what
was
past
,
in
case
hereafter
they
demeane
themselves
quietly
;
which
Vote
they
are
glad
to
accept
of
,
not
being
able
farther
to
oppose
.
But
I
must
tell
you
,
that
before
this
,
they
had
endeavoured
what
they
might
,
in
all
the
Counties
,
to
raise
money
for
the
supply
of
the
Army
,
but
could
not
get
any
considerable
sums
.
The
Gentlemen
in
the
Countrey
,
that
had
been
laid
horses
by
vertue
of
the
late
Act
for
the
Militia
(
which
was
first
set
on
foot
by
the
Parliament
on
July
last
,
but
laid
aside
soone
after
for
fear
of
offending
the
Army
)
these
they
now
rate
at
10
l.
for
every
horse
;
yet
rather
than
faile
they
would
have
taken
fifty
shillings
.
Some
that
were
faint-hearted
compounded
at
so
low
a
rate
,
and
paid
;
but
many
refused
:
And
of
them
that
compounded
,
the
most
part
would
never
pay
a
penny
.
This
was
about
the
beginning
of
December
;
and
some
money
by
this
tri●
they
got
,
but
not
much
.
About
th●
same
time
also
,
they
sent
forth
warran●
for
one
moneths
Tax
,
assessed
fo●
Drums
and
Colours
,
&c.
by
vertue
o●
the
said
Act
,
but
this
in
many
place●
was
never
paid
,
and
in
most
place●
though
rated
,
yet
not
paid
.
So
tha●
the
want
of
money
,
was
the
maine
thing
that
broke
their
designe
;
the
souldiers
about
London
,
mutining
and
growing
insolent
against
their
Commanders
for
want
of
pay
:
some
of
them
falling
to
that
party
that
adhered
to
the
Parliament
,
and
others
offering
their
service
and
assistance
to
the
City
,
whom
they
thought
best
able
to
entertaine
them
;
so
that
it
came
to
that
passe
before
the
Rump
got
in
,
that
Fleetwood
had
little
or
no
command
of
his
souldiers
in
and
about
the
City
.
And
this
gave
another
advantage
to
the
Rump
to
croud
in
.
Being
got
in
as
before
is
noted
,
The
Citizens
of
London
are
yet
jealous
,
that
they
would
not
according
to
their
promise
,
call
in
the
secluded
Members
,
nor
fill
up
their
House
by
new
Elections
.
And
therefore
they
fortifie
the
City
in
several
streets
and
places
of
accesse
with
chains
and
posts
to
prevent
the
sudden
incursion
of
horses
;
For
now
they
feared
the
Rump
Parliament
,
as
much
or
more
than
formerly
they
did
the
Army
:
this
was
about
the
beginning
of
Ianuary
.
And
indeed
within
a
few
dayes
after
they
discovered
their
intentions
;
the
Rump
was
so
far
from
calling
in
the
secluded
Members
,
as
they
passed
a
Vote
that
never
any
of
them
should
sit
again
:
and
in
stead
of
filling
up
their
House
by
a
new
election
,
they
are
about
contriving
an
Oath
of
abjuration
,
whereby
to
force
men
under
a
penalty
to
abjure
the
King
and
all
the
Royal
Line
or
Family
;
but
this
Oath
stuck
long
in
debate
,
and
at
last
would
not
passe
amongst
themselves
.
But
notwithstanding
the
Rump
was
thus
got
into
possession
,
and
likely
〈◊〉
nough
to
hold
it
,
Lamberts
Army
b●ing
at
the
news
of
it
quite
broken
a●●
dispersed
,
himself
secretly
departi●●
from
them
at
Rippon
,
and
posting
〈◊〉
London
to
accept
his
Vote
of
Indem●nity
.
Monck
advanceth
with
〈◊〉
Army
,
marching
on
slowly
,
and
w●
come
to
Newcastle
about
the
sixth
〈◊〉
Ianuary
without
the
least
opposition
.
The
Rump
likes
well
of
it
,
hopi●●
by
his
assistance
to
quell
the
City
,
wh●●
as
yet
stood
at
distance
with
them
,
an●
had
in
a
sort
fortified
themselves
against
them
.
The
Londoners
on
th●
contrary
,
entertaine
hopes
,
that
b●
Moncks
coming
,
the
Parliament
migh●
be
enforced
,
notwithstanding
thei●
former
Vote
,
either
to
call
in
the
Secluded
Members
,
or
else
to
fill
up
th●
House
with
new
elections
,
either
o●
which
would
have
satisfied
them
,
and
one
of
which
they
resolved
to
insist
upon
.
All
expectations
on
either
side
,
are
upon
Monck
,
but
no
man
knew
certainly
what
his
intentions
were
.
The
Rump
had
from
the
first
intelligence
of
Moncks
advancing
,
after
Lamberts
Army
was
disbanded
and
broken
,
sent
two
of
their
Members
(
Robinson
and
Scot
)
to
wait
upon
him
,
or
rather
indeed
as
Spies
to
watch
and
observe
him
.
The
City
of
London
had
also
sent
their
Sword-bearer
as
far
as
Newcastle
,
to
congratulate
his
coming
,
and
to
tender
the
respects
and
affections
of
the
City
to
him
.
He
receives
him
courteously
,
returns
hearty
thanks
to
the
City
,
but
nothing
satisfactory
of
what
they
expected
:
so
that
hitherto
,
and
long
after
he
marched
hooded
in
allusion
to
his
name
;
no
man
could
tell
what
to
make
of
him
,
nor
what
his
design
,
or
the
end
of
his
coming
was
,
but
men
guessed
and
hoped
,
according
as
their
opinions
and
desires
were
:
but
the
Rump
both
now
,
and
long
after
,
were
as
confidently
assured
of
him
,
as
of
any
man
within
their
own
walls
.
Passing
through
Yorkshire
he
is
〈◊〉
norably
received
by
the
Lord
Fairfa●●
and
the
Northern
Gentlemen
,
w●●●
had
not
many
dayes
before
contrib●ted
much
to
the
reducing
of
a
part
of
Lamberts
Officers
and
Souldier
that
had
possessed
themselves
of
York
.
While
Monck
was
there
,
divers
o●
the
Yorkshire
Gentlemen
were
very
desirous
to
understand
his
intentions
,
an●
to
that
purpose
,
requested
Sir
Henr●
Cholmely
one
of
their
number
,
to
go
t●
him
and
talk
privately
with
him
;
whic●
he
did
,
&
had
conveniencie
of
discours●
with
him
.
At
his
return
they
were
bi●
with
expectation
,
and
demanded
o●
him
what
he
thought
of
the
General
He
told
them
he
thought
he
was
like
the
Peace
of
God
;
they
asking
why
?
he
answers
,
because
he
passeth
all
understanding
.
This
I
was
credibly
informed
of
by
a
Yorkshire
Minister
,
living
in
those
parts
.
Coming
along
all
the
way
to
Saint
Albones
,
he
receives
several
Addresses
from
all
or
most
of
the
Counties
of
England
,
all
importing
their
humble
desires
,
that
either
the
Secluded
Members
might
be
called
in
,
or
that
the
House
may
be
filled
up
by
new
elections
,
that
so
one
way
or
other
,
they
might
have
again
a
full
and
free
Parliament
;
the
want
of
which
they
apprehend
to
be
the
cause
of
all
their
late
sufferings
,
and
frequent
changes
of
Government
,
to
the
oppression
of
the
people
,
and
high
dishonor
of
the
English
Nation
.
He
receives
them
all
courteously
,
treats
them
civilly
,
but
for
answer
tells
them
,
That
he
was
but
a
servant
to
the
Parliament
,
and
that
only
in
a
Military
capacity
;
that
it
became
not
him
to
interpose
in
Civil
affairs
;
that
the
Parliament
he
doubted
not
,
would
do
them
right
,
and
satisfie
their
just
desires
:
That
for
the
calling
in
of
the
Secluded
Members
,
the
Parliament
had
already
given
judgement
in
that
point
,
and
they
ought
to
acquiesce
therein
;
But
for
the
filling
up
the
House
,
he
told
them
it
was
now
under
deb●●●
and
doubted
not
but
they
should
receive
f●●
satisfaction
therein
;
and
therefore
〈◊〉
exhorts
them
to
attend
with
patien●
the
determinations
of
the
House
,
an●
not
by
any
unseasonable
importunit●
to
disturbe
their
Counsels
,
which
migh●
be
a
meanes
to
delay
their
satisfaction
and
the
settlement
of
the
Nation
,
whic●
(
said
he
)
was
now
intended
,
and
rea●●
to
be
effected
.
From
Devonshire
also
(
though
fa●
remote
out
of
his
way
)
he
receive●
the
like
Address
(
one
of
the
first
tha●
were
tendred
to
him
)
wherein
afte●
complaint
made
of
their
greivances
▪
they
earnestly
desire
the
calling
in
o●
the
secluded
Members
.
But
to
them
(
being
his
Countrymen
,
and
some
of
them
near
allied
to
him
)
he
returns
by
way
of
answer
,
a
courteous
Letter
;
wherein
amongh
other
thing●
he
tels
them
,
that
the
calling
in
of
the
secluded
Members
could
not
safely
be
yielded
to
,
most
of
them
being
known
to
be
Assertors
of
Monarchy
;
He
gives
them
several
Reasons
,
shewing
,
that
as
the
case
of
affairs
now
stood
,
Monarchy
was
utterly
inconsistent
with
this
Nation
:
That
a
Republick
or
Free
State
was
the
only
Government
,
wherein
the
several
interests
of
the
Nation
,
both
Ecclesiastical
and
Civil
might
be
best
preserved
:
And
therefore
in
the
conclusion
,
he
desires
them
that
by
their
impatiencies
they
would
not
obstruct
the
Parliaments
consultations
,
otherwise
(
saies
he
)
our
peace
will
be
so
much
the
longer
a
stranger
to
us
,
and
we
thereby
made
a
prey
to
our selves
and
forreign
enemies
.
This
was
from
Leicester
,
Jan.
23.
and
soon
after
this
Letter
was
printed
and
published
by
the
Parliament
Intelligencer
.
Thus
giving
fair
and
plausible
answers
to
all
such
as
addressed
themselves
unto
him
,
he
marches
along
and
comes
to
Saint
Albones
about
the
latter
end
of
January
;
where
still
Addresses
are
made
to
him
out
of
Suffolk
,
Norfolk
and
other
places
,
which
receive
the
like
answers
that
others
did
.
But
these
Addresses
(
ye
must
know
)
were
also
tendred
to
the
Parliament
,
though
some
that
tendred
them
,
were
clap●
by
the
heels
for
their
pains
(
as
the
Berk-shire
Gentlemen
)
and
others
threatned
;
whereas
Water-men
o●
London
,
for
a
congratulatory
Address
made
to
them
at
the
same
time
,
received
the
solemn
thanks
of
the
House
.
While
he
was
at
Saint
Albones
,
some
Aldermen
and
Common-Council
men
,
are
sent
to
him
from
the
City
o●
London
,
to
congratulate
his
coming
and
court
him
;
but
are
returned
as
formerly
,
with
thanks
for
their
respects
.
From
Saint
Albones
he
removes
t●
Barnet
,
where
he
makes
a
stay
,
refusing
to
come
to
London
,
until
Lamberts
Souldiers
were
out
of
the
City
Mean-time
Saint
James's
House
is
appointed
for
his
Lodging
,
and
th●
Custody
of
the
Park
is
voted
to
him
,
to
hold
during
the
pleasure
of
the
Parliament
,
with
some
other
like
honours
,
a
magnificent
Reward
for
such
an
undertaking
.
The
Souldiers
that
were
late
Lamberts
,
being
voided
the
City
,
Monk
and
his
Army
marches
to
London
,
on
Friday
,
February
3.
and
is
lodged
at
White-Hall
,
at
whose
coming
,
there
is
great
joy
and
triumphing
all
over
the
City
.
On
Wednesday
following
,
Febr.
8.
The
City
continuing
still
in
their
refractoriness
and
opposition
to
the
Parliament
,
they
meet
in
Common-Council
,
and
there
pass
a
Vote
or
Order
,
Not
to
pay
or
levy
any
Taxes
,
until
such
time
as
they
may
have
a
full
and
free
Parliament
:
For
hitherto
you
must
know
,
the
Rump
had
not
agreed
upon
qualifications
for
filling
up
the
House
;
and
many
thought
they
never
intended
it
;
but
only
to
establish
themselves
in
perpetual
authority
.
Upon
this
Vote
or
Resolve
of
the
Common-Council
,
the
Rump
are
highly
offended
,
and
send
a
strict
order
to
Monk
to
march
the
next
day
with
his
Army
into
the
City
;
To
pull
up
their
chains
and
posts
,
to
break
down
the
gates
and
portcullis
of
the
City
;
to
imprison
forwith
in
the
Tower
divers
Aldermen
and
Commoners
,
that
were
conceived
to
be
chiefly
active
in
passing
those
Votes
.
This
command
of
theirs
,
Monk
executes
next
day
,
Febr.
9.
to
the
great
terror
and
amazement
,
not
only
of
the
City
,
but
of
the
whole
Nation
and
Kingdom
,
when
they
heard
the
report
of
it
:
All
hearts
are
saddened
,
and
now
most
men
conclude
,
that
Monk
is
not
the
man
designed
of
God
for
the
delivery
of
this
oppressed
Nation
.
The
Gentlemen
in
the
several
Counties
that
had
subscribed
and
tendred
their
Addresses
and
Declarations
,
begin
now
to
fear
their
own
Stakes
;
there
being
in
some
of
their
Declarations
,
expressions
against
paying
taxes
without
a
free
Parliament
:
It
had
(
I
must
tell
also
you
)
before
this
,
been
moved
in
the
House
,
that
those
Gentlemen
that
tendred
these
Addresses
,
might
be
sequestred
;
yet
at
that
time
,
it
was
carried
in
the
Negative
.
They
had
cause
to
fear
also
,
that
if
they
intended
at
all
to
fill
up
the
House
by
new
Elections
,
they
would
impose
such
qualifications
,
as
should
exclude
all
such
Gentlemen
in
all
Counties
,
as
either
subscribed
or
delivered
these
Addresses
:
and
so
the
greatest
part
by
far
of
the
Gentry
of
England
,
would
be
made
incapable
of
serving
their
Country
,
and
consequently
the
filling
up
of
the
House
by
such
a
choice
,
as
would
then
be
allowed
,
would
be
but
a
means
further
to
enslave
both
themselves
and
their
Posterities
.
For
these
and
the
like
considerations
,
they
had
some
thoughts
and
resolutions
in
most
Counties
(
as
it
was
reported
)
to
second
their
Addresses
or
Declarations
with
Arms
,
thereby
to
vindicate
their
Native
Rights
from
the
oppression
of
a
Combination
of
Tyrants
,
who
had
a
long
time
usurped
the
supream
power
of
the
Nation
,
and
were
now
perpetuating
that
usurpation
upon
the
free-born
people
,
to
their
utter
slavery
and
oppression
.
And
it
was
verily
conceived
,
that
had
not
the
face
of
affairs
suddenly
changed
,
by
Monks
unhooding
himself
,
the
whole
Kingdom
would
soon
have
been
put
into
a
general
flame
of
combustion
:
for
the
City
of
London
,
by
this
late
affront
,
were
rather
incensed
than
awed
:
though
their
Gates
and
Portcullesses
were
broken
,
yet
their
hearts
and
courages
remained
entire
,
and
were
the
more
confirmed
and
hardened
:
and
had
the
Counties
unanimously
risen
,
it
is
like
the
Londoners
would
not
have
sit
still
:
for
the
whole
Kingdom
was
generally
exasperated
against
the
Rump
;
and
the
dispersed
soulders
of
Lamberts
Army
,
not
knowing
where
to
quarter
,
nor
how
to
live
,
might
probably
be
thought
willing
to
adhere
to
any
party
,
that
were
in
a
capacity
to
entertain
them
with
pay
.
The
Rump
(
as
it
is
conceived
)
by
putting
Monk
upon
that
base
imployment
,
of
being
their
City-Scavenger
,
had
a
design
not
only
to
terrifie
and
curb
the
City
,
but
also
to
make
Monk
and
his
Army
odious
and
irreconcileable
to
them
,
whereby
they
might
engage
him
hereafter
more
firmly
to
themselves
.
Monk
having
thus
executed
the
Commands
of
the
Rump
,
he
is
troubled
in
his
mind
at
it
.
And
upon
Saturday
following
,
Febr.
11.
he
draws
his
Army
into
Finsbury
Fields
,
and
sending
for
the
Lord
Mayor
and
some
of
the
chief
Citizens
,
he
had
some
discourse
with
them
:
And
presently
after
,
he
writes
a
Letter
to
the
Parliament
,
as
from
White-hall
,
wherein
he
tels
them
,
that
he
had
done
their
commands
,
though
not
without
some
regret
;
never
any
such
thing
having
in
all
these
late
troubles
,
been
done
to
that
City
,
so
eminent
for
the
assistance
and
adherency
to
Parliamentary
Authority
;
He
minded
them
,
that
the
end
of
his
coming
and
first
undertaking
,
as
appears
in
his
Declaration
,
was
not
only
to
preserve
them
in
their
present
power
,
but
to
vindicate
the
liberties
and
priviledges
of
Parliaments
,
with
the
Native
rights
and
freedom
of
the
people
;
That
he
observed
that
some
persons
impeached
of
high
Treason
,
were
yet
suffered
to
sit
in
the
House
:
That
Lambert
,
Sir
Henry
Vane
and
others
,
persons
of
dangerous
principles
,
and
highly
guilty
of
the
late
dissention
of
the
Army
,
and
of
the
horrid
force
put
upon
the
Parliament
,
were
yet
suffered
to
be
in
and
about
the
City
:
That
though
they
had
voted
the
continuance
of
the
setled
maintenance
of
Ministers
,
yet
they
were
now
upon
contriving
of
another
engagement
that
would
force
many
of
the
most
conscientious
of
them
,
from
the
enjoyment
of
their
Means
:
That
there
had
been
too
many
oaths
already
imposed
upon
the
Nation
,
and
that
they
had
more
need
to
mourn
for
the
breach
of
oaths
,
than
to
impose
new
ones
.
And
that
he
observed
,
that
those
men
were
most
forward
to
impose
oaths
,
who
made
least
conscience
of
keeping
them
:
He
minded
them
also
of
a
Petition
of
dangerous
consequence
,
that
they
had
lately
received
and
countenanced
from
the
Fanatick
party
.
These
and
some
other
grievances
he
complains
of
,
and
then
adds
his
humble
desires
,
that
they
would
by
Friday
following
issue
out
Writs
for
filling
up
their
House
by
new
Elections
,
with
due
and
reasonable
qualifications
;
And
that
they
would
put
a
certain
and
speedy
period
to
their
present
sitting
,
whereby
the
People
may
enjoy
the
benefit
of
successive
Parliaments
,
which
is
(
saith
he
)
the
undoubted
right
of
the
English
Nation
.
And
in
the
pursuance
of
these
things
,
he
wil●
not
fail
to
stand
by
them
and
assist
them
to
the
utmost
of
his
power
with
all
fidelity
.
To
this
effect
(
as
I
remember
)
was
his
Letter
signed
by
himself
and
the
chief
Officers
of
his
Army
,
as
from
White-hall
,
Febr.
11.
This
highly
pleased
and
rejoyced
the
Londoners
,
and
made
full
satisfaction
for
the
former
rigidity
done
them
:
Monk
herein
granting
the
full
of
what
they
formerly
desired
or
expected
from
him
.
It
was
as
great
cause
of
joy
to
the
whole
Kingdom
,
as
to
the
City
.
All
that
Saturday
afternoon
,
there
was
Ringing
,
and
Bonefires
,
and
triumphing
,
till
twelve
of
the
clock
at
night
,
and
feasting
Monks
Officers
and
Souldiers
with
wine
and
good
chear
;
nothing
was
too
dear
for
them
At
Norwich
and
in
all
places
of
the
Kingdom
,
at
the
first
report
of
the
News
,
there
was
the
like
rejoycing
and
triumphing
,
in
hope
of
a
free
Parliament
.
So
much
was
the
Rump
in
the
affections
of
the
people
,
as
they
desired
nothing
more
than
to
be
rid
of
them
.
Soon
after
Monk
had
thus
declared
himself
,
and
joyned
with
the
City
and
whole
Kingdom
in
their
just
desires
,
The
secluded
Members
(
who
a
great
many
of
them
had
been
all
this
time
in
and
about
London
)
addressed
themselves
to
him
:
he
desires
a
conference
to
be
had
between
them
and
some
of
the
Rump
:
they
meet
ten
in
number
of
either
side
,
to
argue
and
debate
the
business
:
One
challenging
admission
as
Members
of
the
House
,
and
unjustly
before
excluded
:
the
other
refusing
to
admit
them
,
unless
they
will
confirm
all
that
was
done
since
their
exclusion
as
just
and
lawful
,
or
at
leastwise
engage
(
as
themselves
had
done
)
against
a
single
Person
or
House
of
Lords
.
Two
several
meetings
they
had
about
this
debate
,
but
could
not
agree
.
A
day
or
two
after
,
Monk
cals
the
secluded
Members
alon●
,
and
demands
of
them
,
if
they
were
still
firm
an●
constant
in
their
resolution
of
not
e●gaging
against
a
single
Person
;
the●
answer
him
,
yea
;
and
that
they
are
immovable
in
that
resolution
.
Whereupon
he
cals
them
altogether
,
a
matte●
of
fourscore
of
them
(
almost
twic●
the
number
of
those
that
sate
)
goe●
along
with
them
,
and
puts
them
int●
the
Parliament-House
,
to
sit
with
th●
rest
of
the
Members
,
Febr.
21.
bein●
Tuesday
:
having
first
delivered
t●
some
of
the
Rump
,
a
paper
written
t●
prevent
mistakes
,
wherein
he
declares
That
after
several
debates
had
between
them
,
he
had
now
received
fuller
satisfaction
from
those
worth●
Gentlemen
that
were
secluded
formerly
:
But
he
yet
expressed
his
own
private
opinion
and
judgement
,
to
be
fo●
a
Common-wealth
or
free
State
,
an●
gave
some
reasons
for
it
.
The
secluded
Members
being
thu●
restored
,
who
had
for
eleven
years
an●
more
been
k●pt
out
from
dischargin●
their
trust
,
there
is
great
rejoycing
and
triumphing
again
both
in
London
and
all
parts
of
the
Kingdom
,
with
Ringing
and
Bonefires
making
,
&c.
but
some
of
the
Rump
upon
their
restoring
,
(
it
is
said
)
withdrew
and
would
sit
no
more
.
Presently
after
their
restoring
,
they
vote
Monk
to
be
General
of
all
the
forces
of
England
,
Scotland
and
Ireland
,
Sir
William
Waller
(
one
of
the
secluded
Members
,
to
be
Leiutenant-General
,
and
Rossiter
a
Lincolnshire
Gentleman
,
(
and
one
that
had
formerly
served
the
Parliament
)
to
be
General
of
the
Horse
.
They
constitute
Montagu
to
be
Admiral
at
Sea
,
instead
of
Lawson
;
and
they
appoint
a
new
Council
of
State.
Soon
after
they
make
an
Act
for
setling
the
Militia
of
the
Kingdom
,
together
with
some
Acts
concerning
Ministers
.
And
taking
order
for
calling
of
a
new
Parliament
to
convene
at
Westminster
,
April
25.
they
dissolve
themselves
on
Friday
the
16th
of
March.
And
thus
by
Gods
great
blessing
we
have
lived
to
see
an
end
of
th●●
unhappy
long
Parliament
,
that
ha●●
been
the
cause
of
misery
and
calamit●
to
these
three
late
flourishing
Kingdoms
,
for
these
nineteen
years
an●
more
last
past
.
And
all
this
brough●
to
pass
without
one
drop
of
bloodshed
,
by
the
prudent
and
politick
conduct
of
General
Monk
,
who
with
〈◊〉
small
Army
(
an
handful
of
men
i●
comparison
)
not
past
four
thousan●
foot
and
eighteen
hundred
horse
,
and
those
not
very
well
accommodated
〈◊〉
marched
from
Berwick
through
th●
heart
of
England
,
to
the
City
of
London
without
the
least
opposition
,
an●
at
length
gained
the
power
and
command
of
that
opulent
and
potent
City
:
Lamberts
Army
being
at
leas●
twelve
or
thirteen
thousand
men
,
wel●
hors'd
and
well
appointed
,
breaking
in
pieces
and
mouldring
away
in
〈◊〉
moment
;
the
Troops
and
Companies
marching
from
place
to
place
where
they
might
find
quarter
,
till
afterwards
most
of
them
(
their
Officers
cashierd
)
were
received
and
listed
under
the
command
of
General
Monk.
Afterwards
by
degrees
he
purges
his
Army
,
putting
out
all
Anabaptists
,
Quakers
,
and
other
Fanaticks
,
both
Officers
and
common
Souldiers
,
as
they
are
or
can
be
discoverd
,
both
in
the
Army
and
Garisons
,
and
placeth
others
in
their
steads
.
Overton
a
fifth
Monarchy-man
,
who
pretended
to
hold
Hull
for
the
Lord
Jesus
Christ
,
was
yet
notwithstanding
commanded
to
surrender
it
to
Mr.
Charls
Fairfax
,
a
Yorkshire
Gentleman
,
which
accordingly
he
did
:
and
the
like
was
done
in
all
other
Garisons
,
the
Army-men
displaced
,
and
Gentlemen
of
the
Country
,
or
other
confiding
persons
put
in
their
steads
.
Soon
after
the
putting
in
of
the
secluded
Members
,
Lambert
is
committed
to
the
Tower
:
Haselrig
,
Scot
,
and
others
are
under
examination
,
but
dismissed
,
upon
their
promise
or
e●gagement
to
demean
themselv●
peaceably
.
Lambert
not
long
after
finds
means
to
escape
out
of
the
Tower
,
and
abou●
the
middle
of
April
,
or
soon
after
,
appears
in
Arms
about
Northampton
in
the
head
of
a
party
,
many
of
th●
cashierd
Officers
and
Souldiers
of
th●
Fanatick
and
discontented
party
,
being
got
together
.
And
it
is
generally
conceived
,
that
all
the
Anabaptists
Quakers
,
and
other
factious
people
in
all
parts
of
the
Kingdom
,
had
a
design
to
have
risen
and
joyned
with
him
,
had
he
not
been
timely
suppressed
.
But
Colonel
Ingoldsby
being
sent
agains●
him
with
a
party
,
he
surrounds
them
all
,
(
being
not
above
five
or
six
hundred
)
;
whereupon
most
of
the
common
Soul●iers
come
in
,
and
yield
themselves
;
and
Lambert
with
some
Commanders
are
taken
upon
the
place
,
without
a
stroke
striking
,
only
a
scout
of
Lamberts
(
they
say
)
was
slain
.
Colonel
Okey
and
some
others
escaped
by
flight
.
Lambert
being
thus
taken
,
is
brought
to
London
together
with
Colonel
Cobbet
,
Major
Creed
,
and
young
Haselrig
,
Sir
Arthurs
Son.
These
were
all
brought
up
in
a
Coach
through
Hide
Park
;
on
Tuesday
,
April
.
29.
what
time
there
was
the
greatest
general
Muster
of
Citizens
that
ever
was
seen
in
or
near
London
:
Of
trained
men
and
Auxiliaries
there
were
at
least
twenty
thousand
(
some
say
thirty
thousand
)
men
in
Armes
;
Some
of
the
Nobility
,
and
many
Gentlemen
of
quality
trayling
pikes
voluntarily
amongst
them
.
The
Prisoners
brought
through
the
Army
,
and
sufficiently
hooted
at
,
they
afterwards
drove
the
Coach
under
Tyburn
,
and
there
made
a
stand
.
This
was
done
(
I
s●●pose
)
to
minde
them
of
th●●●
destiny
,
or
at
least
of
their
dese●●●
and
to
disgrace
them
,
who
ha●●
so
long
time
insulted
and
d●mineered
over
the
Nobility
,
Ge●try
and
Commonalty
of
the
Kingdom
.
A
just
reward
to
use
the●
uncivilly
,
who
had
so
barbarously
abused
both
King
and
People
.
The
Parliament
according
t●●
Appointment
,
began
at
Westmi●ster
,
April
the
twenty
fifth
,
th●
House
of
Commons
being
electe●
and
called
by
Writs
,
issuin●
out
in
the
name
of
the
Keepers
o●
the
Liberties
of
England
,
by
a●thority
of
Parliament
,
(
a
Titl●
invented
presently
upon
the
chang●
of
the
Government
from
a
Monarchy
to
a
Common-wealth
in
the
year
one
thousand
six
hundred
for●●
eight
)
the
Lords
and
Peers
of
the
upper
House
taking
their
places
by
vertue
of
their
birth-rights
and
ancient
dignities
.
Soon
after
the
sitting
of
the
Parliament
,
there
arrived
at
London
,
the
Lord
Mordant
and
Sir
John
Greenvile
with
a
Declaration
from
his
Majesty
,
as
also
several
Letters
.
One
to
the
House
of
of
P●ers
;
another
to
the
House
of
Commons
;
a
third
to
the
Lord
Mayor
,
Aldermen
and
Common
Council
of
the
City
of
London
;
and
a
fourth
to
General
Monk
,
to
be
by
him
communicated
to
the
Council
of
State
,
and
to
the
Officers
of
the
several
Armies
under
his
Command
:
which
Declaration
and
several
Letters
from
his
Majesty
,
were
presented
according
to
their
several
directions
,
May
the
first
.
In
his
Declaration
,
he
offers
〈◊〉
1.
A
general
Pardon
to
all
of
a●●
sorts
,
excepting
only
such
as
th●
Parliament
should
think
fit
to
except
:
provided
,
that
they
sue
ou●
their
Pardons
under
the
great
Sea●
of
England
,
within
fourty
daye●
after
the
publication
thereof
.
2.
He
offers
a
Liberty
to
tender
Consciences
for
matters
of
Religion
so
far
forth
as
the
Parliament
should
think
fit
;
and
to
consent
to
such
an
Act
as
the
Parliament
for
that
purpose
shall
tender
to
his
Majesty
.
3.
For
the
sales
and
purchases
of
Lands
made
since
these
late
troubles
,
he
is
willing
to
leave
it
to
the
determination
of
Parliament
,
whom
he
presumes
best
able
to
provide
for
the
satisfaction
of
all
such
as
are
concerned
therein
.
And
Lastly
,
he
promiseth
full
satisfaction
of
Arrears
to
all
Officers
and
Souldiers
of
General
Monck's
Army
,
and
to
receive
them
into
his
service
upon
as
good
pay
and
conditions
,
as
they
now
enjoy
.
This
was
the
sum
of
his
Declaration
,
published
at
Breda
,
April
14.
1660.
in
the
twelfth
year
of
his
Majesties
Reign
.
This
Declaration
together
with
his
several
Letters
afore-mentioned
,
were
highly
accepted
.
The
Lord
Mayor
,
Aldermen
and
Common
Council
,
after
the
reading
of
them
,
cried
out
unanimously
,
God
save
King
Charls
;
and
presently
took
down
the
Common-wealths
Arms
that
hung
in
the
Guild-hall
,
and
(
as
they
say
)
brake
them
in
pieces
,
ordering
the
King
Arms
to
be
hung
up
in
their
place
,
and
gave
solemn
thanks
by
their
Recorder
to
his
Majesties
Messengers
.
The
Lords
received
their
Lette●
by
the
Lord
Mordant
,
with
the
li●●●
joy
and
loyal
affection
.
The
Hou●●
of
Commons
having
read
their
Le●ter
and
the
Declaration
,
voted
〈◊〉
satisfactory
;
and
presently
vote●
the
Government
of
the
Nation
t●
be
in
his
Majesty
,
as
the
rightful
an●
undoubted
heir
of
the
three
Nations
of
England
,
Scotland
and
Ireland
;
They
ordered
also
〈◊〉
Committee
to
meet
for
drawing
up
a
Letter
of
thanks
to
his
Majesty
for
his
most
gracions
Declaration
:
And
to
Sir
John
Greenvile
who
delivered
the
Letter
,
they
gave
five
hundred
pound
as
a
gratuity
to
buy
him
a
Jewel
.
Both
they
and
the
Lords
further
ordered
,
that
six
of
the
upper
House
,
and
fifteen
of
the
House
of
Commons
should
be
forthwith
sent
to
his
Majesty
,
to
invite
and
attend
him
into
to
England
.
Montague
the
Admiral
at
Sea
is
commanded
to
wait
upon
him
,
with
a
Squadron
of
Ships
,
and
fifty
thousand
pound
is
ordered
for
his
Majestjes
expences
,
as
also
ten
thousand
pound
to
the
Duke
of
York
,
and
five
thousand
pound
to
the
Duke
of
Glocester
.
The
Letter
also
and
Declaration
to
the
Army
,
gave
no
lesser
satisfaction
both
to
the
General
,
Officers
and
Souldiers
;
they
all
unanimously
owning
his
Majesty
in
an
high
degree
.
On
Tuesday
the
eighth
of
May
,
the
King
was
solemnly
proclaimed
in
London
,
with
the
greatest
expressions
and
acclamations
of
Joy
that
possibly
could
be
;
and
the
like
was
soon
after
done
in
all
Counties
,
Cities
,
Corporations
,
and
inlet
Towns
all
over
England
.
No
King
ever
coming
to
his
Throne
,
with
〈◊〉
great
satisfaction
and
rejoycing
of
the
People
;
thereby
giving
an
eviden●
Demonstration
to
the
world
,
that
i●
was
not
the
People
of
England
,
not
the
Parliament
or
Representative●
of
the
People
,
but
only
a
factious
and
seditious
party
,
encouraged
and
supported
by
a
perfidious
and
traiterous
Army
,
that
murdered
the
late
King
,
disinherited
his
children
,
and
overthrew
the
ancient
Fundamental
and
well
constituted
government
of
the
Nation
,
turning
it
from
a
Monarchy
to
a
Common-wealth
;
and
thereby
occasioned
these
horrid
confusions
,
and
frequent
changes
and
reelings
of
Government
,
that
afterwards
ensued
,
to
the
high
reproach
and
dishonour
of
the
English
Nation
.
For
no
sooner
were
the
People
and
Parliament
of
England
,
by
the
mercy
of
God
,
delivered
from
the
vassallage
of
an
imperious
and
domineering
Army
,
and
put
in
a
condition
of
freedom
,
but
they
presently
return
to
their
Allegiance
,
and
call
in
the
undoubted
Heir
of
the
Crown
,
submitting
to
his
Government
,
with
the
greatest
cheerfulness
and
rejoycing
that
could
be
imagined
.
And
thus
God
who
only
doth
wonders
,
hath
wrought
wonderfully
for
this
sinful
Nation
,
turning
our
Captivity
,
as
the
Rivers
in
the
South
,
smoothly
,
gently
,
calmly
,
without
any
tumult
or
torrent
,
after
so
many
horrid
confusions
,
as
we
have
lain
under
for
so
many
years
together
,
even
to
the
wonder
and
astonishment
,
not
only
of
our selves
,
but
of
all
the
Neighbour
Nations
round
about
us
;
who
must
needs
acknowledge
in
our
behalf
,
(
as
was
sometimes
done
in
the
case
of
Israel
,
)
that
the
Lord
hath
done
great
things
for
them
;
and
we
must
needs
with
the
Israelites
answer
,
by
way
of
eccho
,
Yea
the
Lord
hath
done
great
thing
for
us
already
whereof
we
rejoyce
,
Psalm
126.
The
People
of
England
were
never
conceived
or
reported
to
be
so
much
against
their
King
,
as
now
they
manifestly
appear
to
be
for
him
;
even
all
of
all
sorts
,
but
such
only
whose
guilt
makes
them
desperate
,
like
Cain
,
thinking
their
wickedness
greater
then
can
be
forgiven
.
And
here
for
a
conclusion
,
we
may
fitly
and
truly
(
in
a
sence
)
take
take
up
that
saying
of
the
Psalmist
,
and
apply
it
to
the
present
occasion
:
The
same
stone
which
the
builders
refused
,
is
become
the
head-stone
of
the
Corner
:
This
is
the
Lords
doing
,
and
it
is
marvellous
in
our
eyes
.
To
the
same
God
be
Glory
for
his
great
and
Glorious
Work.
May
21.
1660.
FINIS
.