From Rome the 16. of Iuly .

FRom Constantinople is written , that the Spahie commit daily great insolencies , and divers murthers , and that lately there were sundry great persons put in prison , looking daily for more , which are likely to take an ill end . The great Turke , with some of his principall officers labour hard to take the matter vp , and to bring all to quietnesse , and to the same effect , he goes many times openly by water to recreate himselfe also , and shewes great liberalitie , by throwing of coyne amongst the people .

The Astronomers and South-sayers doe Prognosticate great shedding of blood in the Moone of Haban ( as they call the same ) and beginnes in Iune . The Iewes likewise being much threatned , doe hide their goods .

The King of Spaine hath graunted his brother the Cardniall of Toledo , to keepe a Court , and hath appoynted for him sixe principall officers , eyght groomes , and made the Marquis of Esse his Stuward . There are made over for Flanders 400000. Crownes . And for Millane 100000. Crownes .

The Marquis Pinello , walking with a Knight , and his men , through the Cittie of Naples , one accompanied with a Lay Fryer came to them , and would haue shott the Knight with a Pistole , but he mis-tooke his marke and escaped , but the Lay Frier was taken by the servants of the said Marquis , and being carried into the Pallace of the Popes Nuncio , he sent presently divers officers to his Sell , where they found one Paulus Ambrosius of Cremona , which likewise being an enemy vnto the sayd Marquis , was apprehended . And they found there instruments fit for thirtie persons to coyne withall . The lay brother , offers to reveale great matters , if they will saue his life .

From Hagenaw in Alsatia the 23. of Iuly .

This day is our garrison of Count Mansfeild departed quite from hence , to ioyne with his Armie , having taken certaine men of note and abilitie , as likewise some rich Iewes , and desire 120000 Duckets for their ransome .

By Letters of the twentie sixe , from the same Towne is written in this manner . We hoped after the departure of Mansfeilds forces to liue a little at rest , but we haue gotten a new garrison of the Arch-Duke Leopoldus , and though wee suffered them peaceably to come in , yet wee feare they will take from vs what is leaft by the former .

From Rome the 23. of Iuly . The Viceroy of Naples , hath dismissed the souldiers that were in the Gallyes of the Pope , sayling to Messina .

Likewise the Counsell is agreed by consent of the King of Spaine , with the Ambassadour of Venice , The Shippe called the Moone , taken the last yeare , with all the wares that were in the same ; and haue begun to doe it alreadie , but many peeces of cloath are spoyled , and the things lost , the Duke of Ossuna is to make good .

The Duke of Modena , hath resigned his Government vnto his eldest Sonne , and prohibited the wearing of Pistols , vpon paine of death , with many other things .

The Duke of Savoy hath sent one of his Secretaries towards Valisuna , to leavie certaine Companies of Souldiers : At the other side the Governor of Casal in Montferat hath dispatched twentie thousand men towards Trino , to rayse certaine Forts in those places , and increased the Garrison of Casal aforesaid .

There are likewise seene certaine Horse of the Duke of Savoy vpon the Fronters of Vorcelli .

From Avignon are marched eyght hundred Souldiers , with eyght Peeces of Ordinance towardes Languedoc , against the Protestants , and the King hath besieged Nimes , with the same .

The Duke of Guyse , hath commaunded at Marsilia certaine Galleys , and Ships , to be made ready against the Rochellers . Don Octavio di Arragona , is sayled from Sicilia , with 7. gallies against the Turkes .

Wee vnderstand heere , that a Turkish Basshaw , of the late strangled Turkish Emperour , being twenty Gallies strong , is ioyned with the Cossacks neere the blacke Sea : which combining together , doe great hurt vnto the Turkes , and robbe them as farre as Adrianople .

From Venice , the 22. of Iuly .

The Duke of Mantua , hath 3000. foote , and 600. horse in readinesse , which are to be sent to the fronters of Monferat , and he gets dayly more ayde from Florence , being the great Duke of Florence , appoynted by the King of Spaine , to appease all commotions of Italie , to which purpose hee is to maintaine 4000. men , and the Duke of Vrbino , as likewise he of Parma , every one 3000. men , in time of warre .

From Venice , the 29. of Iuly .

The Grisons having recovered Engadine , are passed the Mountaynes , and haue invaded the Countie of Tyroll , and driven a great number of Cattell from thence ; whereupon the Arch-Duke Leapoldus prepares to resist them .

The Governour of Millane , hath promised pardon to the Spanish forces ; that are fled from Veltoline , if they will be inrolled againe within a fortnight , the other that will not doe the same shal be slaine , and killed , wheresoever they are found .

Letters of Genua , relate the Arrivall there , of the Venetian Ambassadour from Spayne , and that hee brings newes , that Mamora , is very straitely besiedged by the Hollanders , and Mores of Barbary , and that it will be shortly surrendied , vnlesse they get speedily ayde .

The Montafoner haue made a league with the Grisons , reseruing their liberty , and are called the fourth confederation . But Captaine Pianta holding with the Enemies of his Countrey , hath burned of late diuers places in Engadin .

From Vienna the 27 of Iuly .

Yesterday is the Coronation of the Empresse at Edenburgh happily solemnized , and the Diet ( as wee vnderstand ) ended , so that wee hope to see the Emperour here next Saturday . The Empresse going to the Church , wore her owne Crowne , and the Palatine of Hungary his . And the Emperour and Empresse went both afterwards with their Crownes adorned to the Imperiall Pallace , from whence the Crowne of Hungary wat shewne to the people , and from thence they went to the Counsell house of the Towne , where was a Feast prepared , and a Maskeacted .

The 22. of this moneth are heere passed by seauen Companies of the Regiment of Saxony , going to the siege of Glatz .

The 23. of the same moneth , is heere the Church of Saint Michael robbed of he● Pictures , siluer Images , and guilded Crucifixes , and other ornaments .

From Prague the 28. of Iuly .

Those of Glatz haue lately againe gotten one thousand Cattels , and great store of Salt and other Prouision in their walls , and slaine 100. men of the Imperials , and strengthen themselues daily .

Likewise there are secretly leauied Souldiers in Silesia , and are mustred neere Frankford at the Riuer of Oder , and to the same effect are here diuers horses bought at great rates , and sent out of the Countrey .

Those of Klingenbergh are still of the same resolution , viz. They will not surrender the Towne , vnlesse they be assured that they shall depart with their Baggage , Armes , displayed Ensignes , and burning Matches , and haue a conuoy to conduct them safely at Glate : whereby it seemes that they are not very desirous to surrender the place .

From Prague the 2. of August .

The nine and twentieth of Iuly are arriued heere , the Lord Frederick Gelhern , one of the priuie Counsell of Silesia , and the Lord Isaack Slackher . Treasurer of the said Countrey , the Count Lichtenstein ( Deputy of the Emperour in Bohemia ) hauing sent for them , to be better instructed of certaine affaires in that Countrey , and thereupon to giue them directions .

It continueth still that diuers of the Lords , Gentry , and Magistrates , shall be cited and accused by the Procurator , or Sollicitor of the Emperour , how they will speede God knowes . Klingenbergh is surrendred of late vpon certaine conditions ( which we hope to receine by the next Messenger ) and the Imperialists haue put Garison in the same . And the same forces which lay before it , besides those in Morauia and Austria , are to goe with all speede before Glatz , to vse all possible might and meanes to take it . For that Garison within doth not onely rob and pillage all the way towards Kenings graitz , and there about , but likewise taketh all the graine in those parts from the Countrey people .

From Burdeaux the 16. of August .

The low Countrey Merchants which are Subiects of the States of the vnited Prounces , and are now resident heere , haue petitioned vnto the Court , that seeing they were dayly abused both by words and deedes by certaine persons , it would please the same to remedie it by her Authority . Whereupon the Court hath taken them in the safegard and protection of the King , prohibiting all and euery one not to wrong them , neither by words or deedes , declaring that hee that shall contrauent the same , shall forfait one thousand pounds sterling , besides charges and dammages , which are to be payed . This Proclamation is published and affixed at the vsuall places .

From Bergen vp Zome this 17. of August .

The Marquesse Spinola intending to take very earnestly in hand the siege of Bergen vp Zrme , hath written to Antwerpe for more Ordinance : Hee is likewise busie to raise certaine Sconses betwixt this Towne and Antwerpe , to lodge in times of necessity , and principally in the night the connoyes with munition , and prouant , seeing the Garisons of the States , doe many times annoy the same .

And lately certaine Souldiers of Captaine Deuenter lying within Gorkem , haue taken eleuen horse of the Spanish Campe before this Towne , and brought them prisoners into their Garison .

Euery thing growes in the Enemies campe daily more deare and deare , a Canne of Becre cost foure Stuyr , a pound of Butter 14. Stuyr , a pound of Cheese sixe and eight Stuyr , which causeth many from thence to come to vs , who haue euery thing good cheape , and in great abundance in the Citie .

We Fortifie daily our outworkes and walles , and raise also diuers Batteries against the Enemy , sparing at neither side their Gunoowder , which causeth diuers on both sides to be hurt .

From Antwerpt the 16 of August .

Since your departure from hence there hath beene many and often assaults made by this side vpon the Forts and halfe Monnes of the Enemies at Bergen vp Zome : But the Souldiers that came from thence , and haue beene themselues in the Fight report indifferently thereof , some saying they haue taken in the halfe Moone , other reporting the contrary , some reporting they had it , but were beaten out of it forwant of Powder , their Bandiliers being all shot out , others say they had it but durst not stay in it for fear● that it was vndermined , so that it seemes they haue it not . But so●uer it is a miserable thing to see those two last C●nuoyes that are come from Bergen , whereof the one came the last weeke with at least 300. men some say 400. or 500. some whereof haue lost their Armes some their Legs , and others surely wounded , the rest very weake and sicke , whereof within three dayes 40. of them dyed . And yesterday came a Conuoy with Foure or fiue hundred in the like case , so that the Easterling house is made a Guest house , wherein is already Foure or fiue hundred Souldiers wounded and Sicke , all Englishmen and Spaniards , each a part , and in the Guest house is as many Wallons and Dutch. It is so pittifull a thing to see them come so wounded that I am not able to write you .

This day the English Souldiers of my Lord Vaus are gone to the Leaguer , a great part of them I perceiue are of this Religion , and with this Conuoy is gone 8. pieces of Ordnance each drawne with 18. Horses . There is about 400. Souldiers runne away , and yesterday is 38. of them taken , which are all chayned , and led this day with the Conuoy to the Leaguer where it is reported they should be executed .

The Boores come daily from farre with their Houshold-stuffe and Corne , flying with feare to this place for safety ; so that the Packhousen , art here hard to be had , and the yards of the linnen Whitsters by the Easterling House , and other the like places within the walles of the Citty , serue now for Barnes to put their Hay in , what I haue writ you in this former part of my Letter , if you were heere your selfe , you might be an eye witnes there of aswell as my selfe .

Yesterday the Enemy tooke about Pit 30. of our Horsemen on the High-way . I thinke if many of our Englishmen were in England againe they would bee better aduised , before they would come hither to take Bergen in . But I referre the further relation of such , of them as shal be able to get for England again to report it .

The number of those English Soldiers which are gone this day with the Conuoy to Bergen , is as is said about 15. or 1600. men , but of better sort then those you saw at your being heere .

The opinion of taking Bergen is diuers , some thinke within two Monthes , others not in a yeare , & some suppose it will neuer be taken in .

Some that came thence with Conuoy affirme that 3. dayes past , this side shot through the Church as they Preached and did much hurt , which was done vpon this occasion . That whereas this side lost many men , in seeking to take in the Sconce or halfe Moone , and that in the same place , the other side lost diuers men also , a Truce was made in the said place , for each side to fetch their Dead from thence : But when this side came to fetch theirs , the other side shot at them , which they did in regard that some of this side did vndermine in the meane time in that Quarter or place , while the other came and fetcht their Dead .

I might write you many particulars of both Captains and Ensignebearers of English , Italians , Wallons , and others , all worthy men brought dead from the Leaguer to this Towne , some to friends houses , and some to the Easterlings house , whereof I my selfe haue seene some whose Names are made knowne , but other of greater Houses haue had their names concealed , and are suncke by Night , some at Bregard , some at the Deminicans , some at the Gray Friers Minne brothers , and some at other places .

From Middleburgh the 17. of August .

Captaine Klenter of Amsterdam , hath a great while shot against the Viceadmitall of Duynkirken , but hee got yet at last his wished Port of Disynkerken aforesaid .

A Pirate out of North Holland , sayling with a Turkish Pirate to try their Fortunes vpon the Coastes of Spaine , did loose one another , and the Hollander got afterwards a rich Spanish Ship , whereupon he sayled to Holland . But being met by the aforesaid Turke he set vpon him , and being become Maister of his Ship , he told him that he was his friend , and loued him dearly , but that the Prize was a great deale dearer vnto him .

The Prince of Orange gathers his Army at Harwynen , betwixt Bommell and Gorkin● , and the Gates were commaunded to bee shut at Dordrocht , and at the Ferries they had charge to land none , on the side of the Citty .

It seemes that hee hath an enterprize in hand . His Excellency himselfe lyeth yet neere St. Hert●genbosh . Count Henry of Nassaw about Reas. And Count Henry vanden Lergh at Goch .

A Post newly arriued here in London on Fryday night last , being the 23. of August , brings certaine newes , That comming from the Palatinate towards England , as hee passed thorow Brabant , he came thorow Mansfields Army , lying on this side Bruxels , not farre from the same place which Graue Henricke of Nassau inuaded lately : here hee saw Mansfield with seuen or eight thousand horse , burne and spoyle the Countrey exceedingly : but still where hee commeth , hee first sheweth them this courtesie , that those Cities , Townes . Villages , or any rich particular Gentlemen , or any others , that will ●ansome themselues and goods vpon reasonable summes , he lets them rest quietly : but contrariwise , those that will not , he giueth the ordinarie spoyle to his souldiers , and hee taketh most of the coyne to himselfe .

Likewise here was then newes , that Gonzales comming towards him with great speed , being sent for by the Arch-Duchesse , hee is almost alreadie there , so that there will be shortly some great bickering betweene them : this is certaine , that Mansfield was in treatie with the French King , but it was alwayes thought his end was , but to get some opportunitie ; which now is come to light . It is thought , hee will take the spoyle of the Countrey , before Gonzales commeth , or any resistance can be made against him , hee alreadie hath obtained great summes of money : all his footmen he hath left with the Duke of Brunswicke , a little beyond Bruxels . This incursion of Mansfield , made vpon Brabant , if Gonzales commeth not the sooner , must of necessitie either make the Marquesse Spinola suddenly remoue his siege from Bergen vp Zome , or otherwise enforce Graue Henrick Vandenberg to leaue the frontiers of Gilderland , who now lyeth about Wesel : so by this meanes the Prince of Orange , who is constrayned now to attend him , and to keepe all those Forces in a manner idle for the safetie of his Countrey , may then put those Forces to a better vse .

Concerning the Marriage of the Emperour : First , his Imperiall Maiestie and the Empresse going vnto the Church of the Franciscane Fryers , they were accompanied by diuers Ambassadors , besides the Nuncio of the Pope , and diuers Lords and Ladies walking all in very good order : After many of them followed the Marshall , who carried the Sword before the Emperour , who being arrayed in in an Imperiall habit , was adorned with his Crowne , and had his Scepter in his right hand , and the Globe of the Empire in his left . Before the Empresse , who followed them close , went the Palatine of Hungarie , with the Crowne of the said Kingdome , the Lord Esterhasie with the Scepter , the Lord Setsy with the Globe of the Kingdome aforesaid , besides a Bishop , who carryed her Maiesties Crowne : The Ladies of the Court , and the Maids of Honour , being all richly attyred , and adorned with precious Stones , came immediately after .

Secondly , as soone as both Maiesties were entred into the Church , they kneeled downe before the high or principall Altar . Whereupon the Arch-bishop holding a Booke before his Maiestie , hee continued his Prayers for a while , being still adorned with his Habite , Crowne , Scepter , and Globe aforesaid . And from thence he went to the Quire ( where a Seat was prepared for him ) kneeling there likewise downe . But the Empresse remayned still kneeling vpon the first place ; where , at the beginning of the Seruice , were diuerse Ceremonies vsed , and Musicke heard : afterwards the Epistle being read , the great Letanie was sung ; during which , shee lay with her face downewards vpon two pillowes of Cloth of Gold , before the Altar aforesaid . The … e ended , the Lord Arch-bishop anoynted ●er before shee rose , betwixt her elbow and hand , as likewise her cheekes .

Thirdly , the Ceremonies being finished , the Empresse went away , being conducted by her Steward , the Lord of Didrichstain , besides other Lords , as likewise her shee Steward , the Countesse of Portia , and diuerse Ladies of her Chamber : But shee came presently backe to the Altar , arrayed in Cloth of Siluer , being adorned also with a rich Chaine and a Medall . Before her went the Lord Setsy , with the Globe of the Kingdome of Hungarie ; the Lord Esterhasie with the Scepter , and the Palatine aforesaid with the Hungarian Crowne : shee followed them with her owne Crowne , being set vpon her head by another Hungarian Bishop , which is very richly adorned with Pearles and precious Stones , and very artificially made . Afterwards , the Lord Esterhasie gaue the Archbishop the Scepter , the Lord Setsy the Globe , the Palatine the Crowne ; and he gaue her Maiestie the Scepter in her left hand , the Globe in the right , and the Crowne hee set vpon her right shoulder , and during the time that the Angelicall Salutation was sung , shee kept the same : afterwards they were taken from her againe , and layd vpon the Altar ; whereupon was sung Te Deum laudamus , and the Empresse hauing her owne Crowne vpon her head , and the Hungarian Scepter in her right hand , and the Globe in her left , was conducted to her ordinarie Seat in the middle of the Quire , where a Theatrum was erected , and adorned with rich Tapistrie and Hangings of Cloth of Gold . At the left hand his Maiestie continuing kneeling in his prayers , without changing his Imperiall habite , the Marshall aforesaid kept his Sword , and two other Lords the Globe of the Empire , and the Scepter . The Ceremonies , besides the vsuall Rites and Customes finished , the Emperour and Empresse were conducted backe to the Pallace by the Lords aforesaid , both Spirituall and Temporall , as well Hungarian as German , besides the Ladies , their Maiesties being both still attyred in their habites , and their traine going in good order , as before : where there was prepared a stately Banquet for all these Guests , as well Hungar iuns as Germans .

During the Coronation , a Citizen , who clombe vpon the Crosse of the Steeple of the Church aforesaid , flourished an Ensigne , standing vpon the same without falling , and the same was likewise afterwards done by diuers Germans and Hungarians ; and amongst them , a German Souldier put all his clothes from his backe vnto his shirt , being vpon the same .

The Emperour , with the Empresse , sate first downe at the Table : at the right hand tooke the Popes Nuncio place ; after him , the Spanish Embassadour ; then , the Embassadour of Mantua , at the left hand ; besides the Archbishop of Hungaria , and the Palatine aforesaid . At this Banquet were diuers Hungarian Lords attending ; and amongst other the Lord Esterhasi , the Lord Setsy , and the Count of Achot . The Banquet being ended , they went to the Councell-House of the Towne ; where , in the presence of both Maiesties aforesaid , and the most part of the principall Lords of Hungarie and Germanie , besides the Ladies of both Nations , was for the space of seuen houres great reuelling and dancing , with much ioy , and great respect performed .