Mr
Bushell's
ABRIDGMENT
Of
the
Lord
Chancellor
BACON'S
PHILOSOPHICAL
THEORY
IN
Mineral
Prosecutions
.
The
Impressa
of
Mr.
Bushell's
Golden
Medal
,
of
which
see
immediately
before
that
LORD'S
Atlantis
.
·FRA·
BACON·
VICECO·
SCT
.
ALBAN·
ANGLIAE·
CANCELL·
EST·
QVI·
CLAVSA·
RECLVDIT·
THO·
BVSHELL·
DEVS·
London
〈…〉
1650
To
the
Right
Honorable
WILLIAM
LENTHAL
Speaker
to
the
PARLIAMENT
.
Right
Honorable
,
MY
old
Master
the
Lord
Chancellor
Bacon
would
often
say
,
That
the
magnificence
of
a
Parliament
,
consisted
much
in
the
presence
of
their
Prince
;
and
that
the
reflection
of
his
Royal
Affection
,
was
as
a
foil
to
render
them
as
Diamonds
of
greater
value
in
their
Countries
service
.
If
those
natural
flaws
of
Self-interest
,
were
not
frequently
known
to
become
a
motive
to
make
them
forfeit
their
Trust
and
subvert
their
Obedience
,
which
invited
that
Lords
observation
to
reflect
upon
such
a
Model
of
new
Laws
,
as
no
forc'd
power
should
be
able
to
take
away
the
regallity
of
Soveraign
Rights
,
nor
their
prerogative
have
a
Medium
to
intrench
upon
the
priviledge
of
their
Subjects
;
and
that
his
Phylosophy
should
be
the
sole
revenue
to
support
the
Magie
of
so
magnificent
a
Machini
,
without
any
other
imposition
on
the
people
,
then
its
attendance
upon
Providence
;
and
to
change
the
temper
of
loose
and
avaritious
minds
into
Moral
and
divine
virtues
:
but
that
Lord
being
commanded
by
King
James
,
to
write
the
life
of
Henry
the
Seventh
,
and
his
great
imployments
in
State
affairs
,
were
the
divertisements
which
retarded
his
inclination
to
that
study
,
and
left
only
the
essay
of
his
Mineral
Philosophy
to
support
his
Solomons
House
,
described
in
his
New
Atlantis
,
as
a
test
whereby
the
success
of
his
other
experiments
might
be
judged
.
And
now
most
Honored
Sir
,
you
having
received
the
Lord
Fairfax
his
Letter
to
the
Parliament
,
in
answer
of
mine
,
touching
the
making
good
my
Articles
,
as
also
to
recompence
my
great
sufferings
,
hath
made
me
so
presume
on
your
Lordship
,
as
to
beseech
you
to
patronize
this
publication
of
my
proceedings
,
and
the
rather
for
that
I
perceive
by
the
weekly
accurrance
.
Your
Honor
hath
sent
a
Letter
of
Thanks
to
the
Lord
Fairfax
,
in
the
Name
of
the
whole
House
,
for
his
late
opportune
service
done
to
the
Honorable
Parliament
,
which
hath
emboldned
me
the
more
to
put
your
Honor
in
mind
of
a
result
of
the
said
Lords
Letter
directed
to
your self
,
&
dated
the
29
of
July
last
,
least
the
interpretation
of
your
Honors
Letter
should
be
held
in
the
Diary
of
a
Complement
,
when
the
L.
Fairfax
his
Letter
is
laid
aside
,
which
concerns
his
and
the
Parliaments
Honor
to
make
good
,
and
because
his
Lordship
did
me
the
favor
to
send
me
a
true
Copy
of
what
was
writ
,
I
have
made
bold
humbly
to
present
you
with
the
grounds
and
reasons
at
large
,
which
induc'd
him
to
it
,
that
the
Parliaments
wisdom
might
take
a
more
present
care
of
the
whole
matter
,
rather
then
the
glory
of
such
a
work
should
perish
for
want
of
a
right
understanding
.
And
if
it
may
seem
to
any
Person
of
that
Honorable
House
,
too
great
a
favor
for
me
to
have
my
Articles
made
good
,
I
shall
humbly
pray
no
more
,
then
that
their
Justice
may
protect
my
Mineral
adventures
at
Rowpits
upon
the
Forrest
of
Mendip
,
and
other
deserted
places
,
and
to
defend
my
Feoffees
in
trust
,
who
have
resolved
to
make
a
true
trial
of
my
Lords
Phylosophy
in
that
affair
,
since
most
Men
reputed
me
not
well
in
my
wits
,
for
attempting
the
seeming
impossibility
of
recovering
their
drowned
conditions
,
otherwise
those
publick
spirits
will
doubtless
inevitably
suffer
.
From
whence
God
lead
your
Lordship
by
the
hand
,
and
all
others
that
will
take
the
pains
to
read
the
ensuing
Treatise
,
for
then
my
Genius
invites
me
to
believe
,
I
shall
have
their
unanimous
consent
so
an
errevocable
Act
like
the
Meeds
and
Persians
,
which
is
and
shall
be
the
Prayer
Your
most
humble
servant
Tho
.
Bushell
.
To
the
Reader
.
Reader
,
IF
thou
hast
not
faith
to
believe
that
Philosophy
is
the
Mistress
of
all
Humane
Learning
,
and
comes
nearest
to
the
Idea
of
Divine
Knowledge
,
thou
canst
not
hope
for
any
good
success
in
the
Lord
Chancellor
Bacon's
Mineral
Conceptions
,
nor
from
the
Practical
experience
of
me
his
Pupil
:
since
thou
mayest
learn
from
the
oraculous
truth
of
Holy
Writ
,
That
sacred
Providence
never
conferr'd
intended
blessings
on
the
incredulous
,
or
such
as
preferr'd
the
fruits
of
any
Designe
above
the
Creators
glory
.
For
that
Lord
was
of
opinion
,
that
little
Philosophy
brings
a
man
to
Atheism
;
but
the
intrinsecal
knowledge
thereof
teacheth
him
Religion
,
and
to
magnifie
the
Omnipotent
for
the
admirable
Varieties
of
his
handmaid
Nature
.
For
he
which
denieth
there
is
a
God
,
destroys
his
own
original
and
nobility
;
for
a
man
is
of
kin
to
the
beast
by
his
body
,
and
if
he
be
not
kin
to
God
by
his
spirit
,
he
is
a
base
and
ignoble
creature
.
If
then
the
ensuing
Remonstrance
of
my
Mineral
proficiencie
,
and
intended
designs
thereupon
,
shall
be
rightly
weighed
,
and
maturely
scanned
by
thy
Intellectuals
without
partiality
,
I
have
my
desired
ends
;
intending
thee
opportunity
(
by
the
experience
of
my
known
practice
)
to
advance
thy
name
with
honor
and
profit
,
in
the
honest
profession
of
a
Miner
;
and
if
that
prove
idoneous
to
the
eye
of
thy
speculation
,
let
me
then
obtain
thy
approbation
,
and
utmost
abilities
to
further
the
progress
of
this
work
so
happily
begun
,
and
thereby
make
thy self
as
a
corner-stone
in
this
Philosophical
fabrick
.
For
thou
maist
know
(
gentle
Reader
)
that
my
humble
Petition
to
the
Parliament
prays
no
more
then
the
concession
and
confirmation
to
me
of
all
drowned
and
deserted
Mineral
works
,
whereon
to
try
,
if
that
Lord's
Philosophical
Theory
can
give
life
to
their
dead
condition
;
hoping
thereby
(
if
happily
accomplished
)
to
make
his
merit
appear
the
more
remarkable
in
the
Structure
of
his
Solomon's
House
,
modell'd
out
in
his
New
Atlantis
;
and
this
Nation
to
know
the
glory
of
her
concealed
Riches
,
by
that
Example
.
But
to
encourage
thy
Genius
in
so
commendable
an
enterprise
for
the
honor
of
thy
Country
,
I
must
give
thee
to
understand
,
that
this
was
the
renowned
Parliament
which
gave
the
Lord
Fairfax
and
the
Lord
Say
power
to
capitulate
with
me
concerning
Lundy
,
and
grant
me
Articles
of
War
on
their
behalf
,
as
by
their
Letters
in
answer
of
mine
doth
appear
;
together
with
the
humble
and
earnest
Petition
of
the
Western
Gentlemen
vers'd
in
Minerals
,
to
the
then
Ruling
power
,
for
the
speedy
ratification
thereof
,
without
my
personal
attendance
,
lest
the
inevitable
invasion
of
age
should
prevent
my
service
therein
:
And
therefore
I
doubt
not
but
the
same
Providence
which
hath
brought
them
together
in
the
strange
vicissitudes
of
these
later
times
,
will
dictate
to
their
wisdoms
,
that
this
my
Mineral
service
(
dedicated
by
my
obliged
gratitude
to
my
Lord
Bacon's
Philosophical
Design
)
was
originally
transmitted
to
their
prudential
care
,
as
well
as
the
rest
of
publique
affairs
;
if
their
understandings
be
not
clouded
,
as
were
the
judgments
of
those
Senators
concerning
Columbus
his
propositions
in
the
time
of
Henry
the
7.
to
our
perpetual
repentance
:
For
that
Lord
my
Master
would
often
say
,
That
if
our
three
Nations
could
produce
but
such
a
number
of
pious
and
publique-minded
true
Philosophers
,
as
Abraham
proposed
of
Righteous
ones
to
excuse
Sodom
,
who
would
freely
bequeath
the
mysteries
and
productions
of
their
beneficent
Arts
to
their
Countries
good
,
he
did
verily
believe
his
Mineral
Design
(
if
by
them
undertaken
)
would
in
process
of
time
,
by
a
noble
and
innocent
profit
,
exceed
the
magnificent
advantages
of
the
China-Trade
,
or
the
Spaniards
American
Revenue
,
through
new
discoveries
of
our
Native
Minerals
,
and
philosophical
cures
of
their
natural
crudities
.
For
whereas
the
Spaniard
(
to
the
destruction
of
innocent
people
)
hath
consumed
many
millions
of
his
Western
vassals
with
excessive
labor
in
gaining
his
Gold
and
Silver
(
though
found
in
a
perfect
species
)
and
by
making
use
of
that
volatile
body
of
poisonous
Quicksilver
to
reduce
its
Atoms
into
pure
Ingots
of
either
quality
;
and
therefore
for
many
years
past
hath
been
forc'd
to
buy
the
persons
of
multitudes
of
Moors
at
Guiny
and
Cape
Blanco
for
the
same
imployment
:
Here
on
the
contrary
,
by
that
Lords
philosophical
new
way
of
Mining
,
and
Separation
,
we
shall
minister
the
bread
of
comfort
to
innumerable
families
,
and
adde
to
our
Common-wealth
millions
of
native
Silver
,
which
our
dull
Ancestors
sent
away
and
lost
in
the
crude
body
of
our
Lead
;
by
which
ignorance
(
only
since
the
Conquest
)
our
detriment
amounts
unto
Three
hundred
and
fifty
Millions
of
pounds
Sterling
,
as
by
a
just
calculation
of
the
Transported
plainly
appears
:
And
therefore
I
shall
leave
the
consequence
of
both
to
the
judicious
Reader
,
which
of
those
Miners
at
the
day
of
Judgment
will
be
best
esteemed
,
He
which
gets
most
Silver
,
and
yet
destroys
millions
of
men
in
his
way
of
working
;
or
the
other
which
preserves
them
,
and
gets
the
less
.
But
because
thy
candid
judgment
may
not
suspect
my
Overtures
as
the
Chymera
of
a
phanatick
brain
,
or
some
project
of
deceit
,
I
will
demonstrate
unto
thee
the
truth
of
my
proceedings
;
which
in
truth
is
thus
:
My
affection
to
this
work
,
and
obedience
to
that
Lords
commands
,
moved
me
as
his
Pupil
to
practise
such
Notions
of
his
Mineral
Theory
,
as
might
conduce
to
the
honor
and
profit
of
our
Nation
;
although
homebred
simplicity
were
my
education
,
and
a
younger
Brothers
fortune
my
portion
to
support
that
enterprise
without
a
partner
,
which
his
Lordship
ever
advised
me
to
decline
,
and
trust
wholly
to
Providence
:
But
most
perswasively
at
that
time
when
he
discovered
to
me
the
dearest
Secrets
of
this
his
Design
;
adding
,
as
a
conjuration
of
gratitude
,
integrity
,
industry
and
constancy
in
the
prosecution
thereof
,
this
form
of
speech
,
if
my
memory
be
faithful
.
[
Now
,
Bushell
,
I
have
dealt
with
you
in
your
naked
simplicity
,
as
God
did
with
Adam
in
Paradise
,
when
he
gave
him
so
large
a
royaltie
over
all
in
that
Garden
,
with
so
small
an
exception
as
the
interdicted
Tree
:
For
I
have
made
thee
the
Secretary
of
all
my
Mineral
Studies
,
no
ways
restraining
thee
in
the
practice
;
only
I
prohibit
thy
arrogating
to
thy self
the
honor
thereof
,
if
it
shall
prove
fortunate
;
and
the
imploying
such
Treasures
as
shall
be
gained
thereby
,
any
way
which
shall
not
conduce
to
the
raising
,
qualifying
and
endowing
my
Solomon's
House
,
modell'd
in
my
New
Atlantis
,
to
my
own
proposed
ends
,
according
to
the
duty
of
an
obliged
Servant
,
and
faithful
Steward
.
]
Wherefore
thus
resolved
,
I
contracted
with
the
late
King
,
and
the
succeeding
Lord
Protector
,
for
a
Grant
to
search
their
barren
Mountains
,
and
to
coin
all
such
Silver
as
my
industry
should
gain
out
of
them
(
Providence
assisting
)
if
I
should
cut
through
their
lowest
levels
to
discover
the
Meander
of
such
Mineral
riches
as
are
conceived
by
that
Lord
to
lie
in
their
Bases
;
six
of
which
are
called
,
the
Darr●n
,
Broome-lloyd
,
Cumsumlock
,
Tallabont
,
Commervin
and
Cummustwith
:
And
my
success
in
following
his
Rules
were
crowned
with
such
unexpected
blessings
,
that
I
did
confidently
believe
,
all
Mountains
in
whose
superficies
I
found
such
Mineral
Rakes
and
Sparrs
contained
veins
of
like
species
and
value
as
those
I
had
pierced
,
and
the
fittest
Flowers
(
being
native
Gemms
)
to
adorn
a
Prince's
Diadem
,
if
happily
cut
;
for
so
they
might
produce
most
honorable
improvements
to
the
Royal
Revenue
:
A
means
more
pious
and
heroick
to
happifie
any
Soveraign
Prince
,
then
by
heavy
Taxes
,
Customs
and
Impositions
,
to
draw
their
Subjects
treasure
into
their
own
coffers
,
especially
when
they
exact
the
fruit
of
poor
mens
labors
to
consume
in
their
prodigious
expences
;
which
may
justly
be
feared
hath
been
the
accursed
thing
that
hath
so
much
displeased
the
sacred
eye
of
the
All-disposer
,
and
occasioned
such
tragical
alterations
in
some
of
their
successions
:
By
the
latest
of
which
my
Mineral
procedures
have
been
interrupted
,
and
I
have
suffered
unspeakable
losses
through
the
hostile
effects
of
the
late
Wars
,
whereby
my
hopeful
Embrions
became
abortive
;
until
I
attempted
the
recovering
those
deserted
Works
mentioned
in
my
annexed
Remonstrance
;
to
make
an
exact
trial
of
my
Masters
philosophical
way
in
discovering
the
unknown
riches
of
this
Nation
,
and
to
redeem
my
lost
Credit
,
through
the
aid
of
the
Divine
providence
,
which
I
have
humbly
implored
in
my
Prayer
conjunct
to
the
following
Discourse
;
hoping
by
such
harmless
Adventures
to
revive
the
memory
of
Noble
Bacon
,
and
to
procure
the
confirmation
of
my
Agreement
with
the
Miners
by
a
Parliament-stamp
,
as
it
was
ratified
by
the
late
Protector
,
upon
the
then
Lord
Chief
Justice
t
approbation
of
the
honor
of
that
work
:
For
who
can
expect
,
that
in
such
a
multitude
as
they
are
,
all
can
be
morally
honest
,
when
Christ
himself
amongst
his
twelve
Disc
ples
had
one
a
Traitor
?
But
now
seriously
considering
that
the
taper
of
my
life
burns
in
the
socket
,
(
I
having
already
numbred
twelve
lustres
of
years
)
I
intend
to
begin
the
foundation
of
that
Philosophical
fabrick
(
modell'd
out
in
my
Lords
Atlantis
)
by
placing
a
select
Society
of
such
aforesaid
Philosophers
in
the
City
of
Wells
,
whose
vertuous
Studies
may
first
intend
only
the
discovery
of
such
Mineral
Treasures
,
as
are
conceived
by
some
learned
Miners
to
be
guarded
by
the
subterranean
Spirits
lest
my
approaching
period
should
prevent
the
experiment
,
and
frustrate
the
many
grateful
intentions
which
my
soul
thirsteth
to
compleat
.
And
if
Providence
crowns
these
my
endevors
in
the
West
,
all
other
deserted
Works
in
the
North
may
be
recovered
by
the
like
practice
.
So
that
if
by
that
Lords
directions
I
should
now
at
the
last
bring
the
deserted
Works
of
a
contemptible
Soil
(
without
damage
to
any
person
)
to
free
me
from
obloquie
,
by
clearing
40000
l.
Debt
contracted
for
the
late
King
,
and
my self
,
(
which
I
have
been
utterly
disabled
to
satisfie
,
ever
since
by
the
sad
effects
of
the
late
Civil
wars
all
my
own
Estate
hath
been
detained
from
me
)
which
is
very
probable
;
should
I
not
be
barbarously
ingrateful
,
if
I
did
not
attribute
such
a
blessing
to
the
Almighties
providence
?
and
conclude
,
that
any
person
whatsoever
who
should
seek
to
obstruct
so
hopeful
a
work
for
his
Countries
general
good
,
was
accursed
in
his
conception
,
and
ought
to
be
abhorr'd
as
a
plague-sore
.
Gentle
Reader
,
I
write
not
this
to
constrain
thy
faith
to
an
infallibility
of
my
Lord
Bacon's
Judgment
in
Philosophy
,
but
only
beg
thy
Talion-justice
in
thy
censure
hereof
;
and
let
not
the
prevalencie
of
malice
(
which
trepann'd
me
into
this
Restraint
)
throw
a
prejudice
upon
the
Design
,
or
the
the
Modeller
thereof
:
For
(
be
confident
)
my
nature
scorns
revenge
,
if
in
my
power
:
God's
providence
is
over
,
and
in
all
our
actions
and
sufferings
;
and
peradventure
,
like
Joseph
sold
into
Egypt
,
my
restraint
here
may
beget
a
deliverance
of
all
penitent
Convicts
,
who
(
to
expiate
their
crimes
)
had
rather
serve
seven
years
in
so
hopeful
a
work
within
their
native
Country
,
then
undergo
a
slavish
condition
in
a
barbarous
Plantation
:
For
that
Lord
(
in
order
to
this
)
would
usually
say
,
Nothing
like
a
Diamond
to
cut
a
Diamond
for
hardness
;
and
,
The
dead
in
Law
were
fittest
to
recover
the
dead
in
Opinion
.
Upon
which
gracious
favor
,
I
shall
most
willingly
remain
a
Prisoner
my self
,
without
seeking
the
fruition
of
my
Articles
,
until
I
have
perfected
the
same
,
by
the
Searcher
of
all
hearts
,
and
in
the
wisdom
of
this
Honorable
State
.
But
if
their
Clemencie
shall
be
so
graciously
propitious
to
this
Design
of
that
Lords
Atlantis
,
as
to
grant
me
my
Estate
upon
the
Lord
Fairfax
his
Letter
of
request
,
and
his
justification
of
my
right
therein
,
I
shall
most
willingly
submit
the
whole
profit
thereof
to
be
consigned
to
Trustees
deputed
by
themselves
,
and
perswade
the
major
part
of
my
honest
Creditors
to
attend
the
issue
of
satisfaction
from
the
Mineral
Discoveries
of
Your
most
humble
Servant
,
Tho
.
Bushell
.
THE
CONTENTS
of
the
ensuing
TREATISE
.
-
MAster
Bushels
Letter
to
the
Lord
Fairfax
,
containing
his
suffering
condition
,
and
imploring
his
Honors
redress
according
to
Articles
.
-
The
late
Kings
Letter
to
Mr.
Bushel
,
concerning
the
surrender
of
the
Isle
of
Lundy
.
-
Mr.
Bushell's
Articles
upon
his
surrender
of
the
said
Isle
.
-
His
late
Highness
confirmation
of
the
said
Articles
.
-
The
Lord
Fairfax
his
Letter
to
the
Speaker
,
in
Answer
of
Mr.
Bushells
,
wherein
he
justifieth
his
Articles
,
and
desireth
that
the
Parliament
would
recompence
him
for
his
great
sufferings
by
their
timely
assistance
.
-
Mr.
Bushells
Declaration
,
assuring
all
persons
to
ease
the
Taxes
of
such
Parishes
,
wherein
Minerals
shall
be
discovered
by
their
Plough
,
and
notice
thereof
given
to
him
by
them
,
as
also
his
former
proceedings
thereupon
.
-
The
confirmation
of
his
Agreement
with
the
Miners
of
Mendyp
,
encouraging
him
to
go
on
in
so
desperate
a
design
,
by
the
late
Protector
Richard
.
-
His
Remonstrance
to
the
present
Parliament
.
-
The
Case
of
a
Mine-Royal
judged
to
be
by
the
most
learned
Lawyers
under
their
hands
.
-
Mr.
Bushells
Minerall
Overtures
to
the
Councill
.
-
A
Letter
to
Mr.
Bushell
relating
some
strange
accidents
which
hapned
in
the
Mines
.
-
The
Petition
of
the
Proprietors
,
Commoners
and
Mineral
Bounders
of
the
deserted
and
drowned
Mines
within
the
Counties
of
Cornwal
and
Devon
,
for
the
speedy
making
good
of
Mr.
Bushells
Articles
without
his
personal
attendance
.
-
A
Letter
to
Mr.
Bushell
from
the
Lords
Proprietors
of
Hingston
Down
,
encouraging
him
to
go
on
with
that
work
,
according
to
his
Draught
,
and
Merlins
prophecie
therein
.
-
Mr.
Bushells
Draught
of
Hingston
Down
,
modell'd
on
by
the
late
Lord
Chancellor
Bacon
.
-
Mr.
Bushells
Letter
to
the
Miners
of
Mendyp
,
with
their
Answer
,
and
their
Juries
Order
thereupon
.
-
The
humble
Petition
of
the
Mineral-Bounders
within
the
County
of
Somerset
,
for
the
Confirmation
of
Mr.
Bushells
Articles
without
his
personal
attendance
.
-
Mr.
Basbee's
Affidavit
.
-
Christophers
Whright's
Affidauit
touching
Mr.
Bushells
desperate
Anventures
in
Rowpits
in
the
Forrest
of
Mendyp
.
-
The
Testimony
of
some
Miners
of
Mendyp
to
the
Council
concerning
the
same
.
-
Another
Order
of
the
grand
Jury
of
Chewton
in
confirmation
of
the
former
,
and
for
redressing
any
injuries
that
shall
(
for
the
future
)
be
offered
to
Mr.
Bushell
in
his
workes
.
-
Mr.
Bushells
Petition
to
the
late
King
to
have
Condemned
men
(
for
Petty-felonies
)
to
work
in
the
Mines
.
-
The
Speech
of
the
late
Bishop
of
Worcester
(
neer
his
death
)
to
Mr.
Bushell
,
concerning
two
rich
Mines
by
him
discovered
.
-
A
Letter
of
humble
Thanks
to
the
late
King
from
the
Judges
and
Justices
of
Wales
,
in
behalf
of
all
the
Inhabitants
of
that
Principality
,
for
the
Granu
of
his
Mint
to
Mr.
Bushell
.
-
A
Cirtificate
from
the
Miners
,
Smelters
,
&c.
to
the
Lords
of
his
Majesties
honorable
Privy
Council
,
concerning
new
Discoveries
of
Mines
made
by
Mr.
Bushell
.
A
Cirtificate
from
the
Assay-masters
of
the
Mint
,
&c.
to
the
Council
.
-
An
Order
of
the
Lords
in
Parliament
for
Mr.
Bushells
security
and
encouragement
in
the
Mines
in
●ardiganshire
.
The
Lord
Keepers
Letter
to
the
Justices
of
Assise
in
reference
to
the
said
Order
.
-
Mr.
Bushells
Letter
of
invitation
to
condemned-men
(
for
Petty-felonies
)
rather
to
work
in
the
Mines
of
their
own
Country
,
then
be
banish'd
to
slavery
in
Forein
parts
-
His
Letter
to
his
fellow
Prisoners
for
Debt
,
in
mind
or
body
.
-
The
late
Kings
Letter
of
invitation
to
Mr.
Bushell
,
concerning
his
procedure
in
Mineral
discoveries
.
-
The
Merchants
Letter
of
Barnstaple
to
Mr.
Bushell
,
concerning
their
accommodation
of
transporting
his
Lead
and
Oar
gratis
,
&c.
-
The
Lord
Fairfax
his
Letter
to
the
Speaker
of
Parliament
touching
Mr.
Bushells
reality
of
his
surrendring
Lundy-Isle
,
and
his
humble
request
to
make
good
his
Articles
.
-
The
Miners
Contemplative
Prayer
in
his
solitary
Delves
:
-
The
Impressa
of
Mr.
Bushells
Golden
Medal
to
be
given
in
mart
(
by
his
Friends
)
for
performance
of
his
undertakings
,
and
the
Draught
of
a
Bill
to
that
purpose
.
-
The
Lord
S.
Albans
Atlantis
(
usually
annexed
to
his
Natural
History
)
is
likewise
conceiv'd
(
by
Mr.
Bushell
)
a
fit
Subject
for
the
Reader
to
peruse
,
as
an
Appendix
to
this
Mineral
Treatise
.
Mr.
BUSHEL'S
LETTER
To
the
Right
Honorable
the
LORD
FAIRFAX
Touching
his
Articles
of
War
.
Right
Honorable
,
BY
the
inclosed
Remonstrance
you
will
discern
the
readiness
of
my
industry
to
do
my
Countrey
service
,
and
by
my
Articles
of
War
,
how
much
your
Lordship
and
my
Lord
Say
and
Seal
are
ingaged
in
Honor
to
see
them
ratified
;
and
therefore
I
shall
not
need
to
put
your
Lordship
in
minde
of
more
then
what
proceeds
from
your
quick-sighted
genius
,
and
springs
from
the
veins
of
your
Noble
Blood
,
especially
when
the
fidelity
of
performance
on
my
part
(
as
a
private
Gentleman
)
shall
be
ballanced
and
scanned
by
your
own
Wisdom
.
For
(
my
Lord
)
I
held
my
Articles
of
War
,
made
by
such
persons
of
quality
,
and
from
the
Authority
of
Parliament
,
more
impregnable
then
the
strongest
Garison
:
And
why
I
should
be
made
the
onely
Trophee
of
Misfortune
,
by
being
rendred
thus
into
a
Prison
upon
an
Arrest
,
through
my
confidence
of
your
ingagements
to
protect
me
,
when
(
by
my
Publick
Actions
)
the
Honor
of
a
Parliament
,
and
your
own
interests
are
bound
to
make
them
good
,
I
know
not
,
neither
do
I
see
the
Equity
or
Justice
of
it
:
For
it
is
impossible
your
Lordships
should
conceive
my
judgment
so
weak
(
I
having
the
late
Kings
Monitory
Letter
,
a
true
Copy
whereof
is
here
under
written
)
when
you
shall
consider
the
great
Debts
I
have
contracted
for
him
and
my self
,
as
to
part
from
so
Tenable
a
place
as
Lundy
,
without
my
Estate
restored
to
enable
me
to
pay
them
,
or
my
person
protected
till
I
got
the
possession
,
but
much
rather
have
died
in
the
place
,
then
be
exposed
to
a
loathsome
Prison
,
by
the
common
rigor
of
Bailiffs
and
Sergeants
;
unless
it
be
decreed
by
the
Eternal
Power
,
that
future
Ages
shall
finde
on
Record
,
there
was
a
time
when
a
Writ
,
procured
by
a
mechanick
fellow
,
did
baffle
an
Ordinance
of
Parliament
,
impowering
their
General
and
one
of
the
greatest
Peers
of
the
Realm
to
Treat
with
me
concerning
that
Garison
.
In
a
word
,
my
Lord
,
solid
judgments
do
conceive
,
that
my
person
cannot
suffer
more
by
imprisonment
,
then
your
Honors
in
the
censure
of
all
States
for
suffering
it
.
I
write
not
this
my
Lord
to
free
my self
from
prison
,
until
I
pay
the
utmost
farthing
of
any
just
debt
I
ow
,
either
for
the
late
King
,
or
upon
my
own
score
;
if
both
your
ingaged
Honors
are
not
concerned
in
my
Restraint
,
but
onely
crave
liberty
to
pursue
those
Mines
which
Providence
hath
in
all
probability
designed
to
pay
such
patient
Creditors
,
Orphans
and
Widows
,
as
never
laid
other
action
upon
me
then
their
daily
prayers
:
For
(
my
Lord
)
the
fears
of
not
enjoying
(
when
brought
to
perfection
)
do
far
transcend
any
doubts
I
have
of
recovering
Mineral
Riches
out
of
the
hardest
Rocks
;
Isa
.
45.3
.
and
since
Divine
bounty
was
pleased
to
confer
such
hidden
Treasures
upon
a
Heathen
King
,
it
were
a
sin
of
a
high
nature
in
me
,
that
profess
Christianity
to
suspect
a
lesser
success
,
when
the
All-seeing
Eye
well
knows
my
designed
end
is
no
more
then
the
love
of
gratitude
to
pursue
those
Philosophical
Notions
described
in
the
Lord
Bacons
New
Atlantis
,
for
magnifying
the
God
of
Nature
in
his
secret
Works
of
Nature
:
And
therefore
I
could
wish
and
humbly
pray
,
That
the
Nobleness
of
your
Spirit
might
be
the
Corner
Stone
of
such
a
Fabrick
to
posterity
,
since
his
Highness
Heroick
Disposition
hath
vouchsafed
to
protect
the
same
from
any
powerful
oppressor
(
upon
the
Lord
Chief
Justice
St.
Johns
and
the
Lord
Say's
approbation
)
for
the
general
good
.
My
Lord
,
these
sufferings
in
my
Reputation
,
Life
,
and
Fortune
by
this
imprisonment
,
I
was
resolved
to
submit
unto
in
a
silent
patience
;
but
some
of
my
distressed
friends
,
fearing
the
deep
wounds
in
my
head
from
that
unhappy
Arrest
might
prove
to
be
mortal
,
have
occasioned
this
my
Address
,
upon
a
confident
hope
,
that
the
Parliaments
Wisdom
will
not
deny
a
favor
of
such
just
concernment
to
your
Lordships
Merits
,
and
the
Lord
Viscount
Sayes
,
if
their
more
weighty
affairs
can
but
permit
them
leasure
to
pry
into
that
Politick
Act
of
State
whereby
Garisons
were
acquired
for
great
sums
,
and
then
it
is
conceived
,
your
Lordships
care
in
securing
Lundy
Isle
will
redound
to
your
greater
Honor
,
when
they
shall
consider
that
much
Piracy
might
have
been
committed
in
that
place
without
control
,
which
was
surrendred
(
through
your
Prudencies
)
without
any
other
condition
then
one
person
to
be
protected
until
the
possession
of
his
estate
were
restored
to
satisfie
the
just
debts
of
Your
Lordships
most
humble
Servant
Thomas
Bushel
.
April
18.
1659.
His
Majesties
Answer
to
Mr.
Bushel
,
concerning
the
Surrender
of
Lundy
.
BUSHEL
,
WE
have
perused
thy
Letter
,
in
which
We
finde
thy
care
to
answer
the
Trust
We
at
first
reposed
in
thee
:
Now
since
the
place
is
inconsiderable
in
it self
,
and
yet
may
be
of
great
advantage
unto
you
in
respect
of
your
Mines
.
We
do
hereby
give
you
leave
to
use
your
discretion
in
it
,
with
this
Caution
,
That
you
take
example
by
Our Selves
,
and
be
not
over-credulous
of
vain
promises
,
which
hath
made
Us
great
onely
in
Our
Sufferings
,
and
will
not
discharge
your
Debts
.
From
Newcastle
.
14
July
.
1646.
Mr.
Bushels
Articles
upon
his
Surrender
of
the
Isle
of
Lundy
.
The
Propositions
,
Articles
,
Conditions
,
Ingagements
,
and
Agreements
made
,
concluded
,
and
assented
unto
,
the
Tenth
of
September
,
in
the
year
1647.
between
his
Excellency
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
,
Knight
,
Lord
General
,
and
the
Lord
Viscount
Say
and
Seal
,
of
the
one
part
,
and
Thomas
Bushel
Esq
;
Governor
of
the
Island
of
Lundy
for
the
Kings
Majesty
of
the
other
part
,
in
pursuance
of
several
Orders
of
the
Committee
of
both
Kingdoms
,
and
an
Order
or
Ordinance
of
the
Lords
and
Commons
in
Parliament
,
as
followeth
,
FIrst
,
It
is
agreed
that
the
said
Mr.
Bushel
shall
Surrender
and
Deliver
up
the
said
Island
unto
the
said
Lord
Say
,
or
unto
such
person
as
he
shall
appoint
,
and
all
Ammunition
,
and
Magazin
there
.
And
that
in
consideration
thereof
,
The
Delinquency
of
the
said
Mr.
Bushel
shall
be
taken
off
,
and
all
Sequestration
in
respect
thereof
discharged
;
and
he
the
said
Mr
Bushel
shall
be
restored
unto
his
Estate
,
and
such
right
as
he
or
his
Assigns
had
in
the
Mines
of
Devon
,
Cornwal
,
and
Wales
,
before
these
troubles
;
and
all
the
persons
with
him
in
the
Island
,
and
not
being
persons
of
quality
,
shall
be
pardoned
of
their
Delinquency
,
and
suffered
to
live
quietly
at
home
,
not
acting
any
thing
contrary
to
the
Authority
of
Parliament
.
Secondly
,
That
Mr.
Bushel
shall
be
protected
from
Arrest
,
until
he
obtain
the
possession
of
his
said
Estate
.
THO
.
FAIRFAX
.
His
late
Highness
confirmation
of
the
said
Articles
.
OLIVER
P.
WHereas
Tho
.
Bushel
Esq
;
by
his
Articles
of
War
,
dated
the
10th
.
of
Sept.
1647.
is
to
be
protected
from
Arrests
,
until
he
shal
obtain
the
possession
of
his
estate
,
and
having
found
that
he
is
so
just
to
all
his
Creditors
,
as
by
his
own
Petition
,
he
hath
tendred
his
whole
estate
to
be
divided
amongst
them
by
the
Commissioners
appointed
by
the
late
Act
for
relief
of
Creditors
and
poor
Prisoners
,
that
he
may
be
the
more
free
to
serve
this
Common-wealth
,
in
taking
off
the
taxes
from
the
people
by
such
publike
profits
as
he
shall
raise
out
of
his
Mineral
discoveries
,
in
the
performance
of
his
duty
to
this
State
,
and
gratitude
to
his
deceased
Master
the
Lord
Chancellor
Bacon
.
We
have
therefore
thought
fit
,
and
do
hereby
promise
upon
our
word
,
to
grant
unto
him
and
his
Adventurers
such
conditions
,
accommodations
,
immunities
and
priviledges
in
consideration
thereof
,
and
for
carrying
on
of
that
affair
expressed
at
large
in
his
printed
Overtures
,
as
under
the
hands
of
the
Lords
Commissioners
for
the
great
Seal
,
and
the
Lord
chief
Justice
of
either
Bench
,
or
any
two
of
them
shall
be
approved
of
and
recommended
to
us
to
be
granted
,
ratified
and
confirmed
,
Given
under
our
hand
and
Seal
this
second
day
of
February
,
1653.
The
Lord
Fairfax
Letter
to
the
Speaker
of
the
Parliament
.
Master
Speaker
,
I
Cannot
but
be
sensible
of
any
thing
that
reflects
on
the
Honour
of
the
Parliament
as
on
my self
,
who
for
their
service
hath
granted
Articles
to
several
persons
as
importancie
of
affairs
required
,
and
particularly
to
your
Petitioner
Mr.
Bushel
;
but
of
late
there
hath
bin
some
obstruction
in
due
execution
of
them
to
the
prejudice
of
such
as
cast
themselves
on
your
protection
,
which
Mr.
Bushel
more
readily
did
,
in
hope
of
performance
of
those
Articles
made
upon
his
surrender
of
the
Isle
of
Lundy
;
with
the
Lord
Say
and
my self
on
the
behalfe
of
the
Parliament
,
then
conceived
most
reasonable
as
his
papers
herewith
doe
express
;
therefore
intreat
at
your
first
opportunity
,
you
would
acquaint
the
Honorable
House
with
the
contents
of
my
humble
desires
,
which
is
,
That
they
would
make
good
Mr.
Bushels
Articles
,
and
be
pleased
to
recompence
his
great
sufferings
with
their
timely
assistance
,
that
he
may
be
better
inabled
to
satisfie
his
Creditors
which
he
cannot
doe
but
by
pursuite
of
such
Mineral
discoveries
as
Art
and
Experience
hath
taught
him
which
will
not
only
be
their
advantage
in
securing
those
debts
,
but
render
him
more
capable
of
doing
considerable
service
to
the
Commonwealth
.
And
in
so
just
an
Act
you
will
preserve
the
Justice
and
Honour
of
the
Parliament
,
and
his
,
who
hath
ever
been
,
Your
most
humble
Servant
T.
Fairfax
.
Bath
,
29
July
,
1659.
These
,
To
the
right
Honorable
William
Lenthall
Speaker
of
the
Parliament
of
England
.
A
Declaration
of
Thomas
Bushel
Esq
;
Touching
Mines
Royal
,
to
all
persons
whatsoever
,
that
are
Lovers
of
the
Commonwealth
,
and
Promoters
of
Publike
Actions
,
as
well
for
the
Welfare
of
the
same
,
as
for
their
own
private
Interest
in
a
lawful
way
,
to
ease
them
of
their
Taxes
.
WHereas
his
Highness
the
Lord
Protector
,
having
received
good
assurance
of
the
great
Industry
and
long
Experience
of
the
said
Thomas
Bushel
in
Mineral
discoveries
,
(
demonstrated
in
his
late
Overtures
presented
to
the
Council
of
State
)
hath
been
graciously
pleased
,
by
his
Letters
Pattents
under
the
Great
Seal
of
England
,
bearing
date
the
16
day
of
February
1654
to
grant
to
the
said
Thomas
Bushel
,
and
his
Coadventurers
,
full
power
and
Authority
to
Dig
,
Delve
,
and
search
for
all
Mines
Royal
within
the
Territories
of
this
Commonwealth
,
(
rendring
to
the
State
every
fifth
Tun
of
all
such
Oar
as
shall
hold
Gold
or
Silver
worth
the
refining
:
)
Provided
,
that
if
in
pursuit
thereof
,
(
by
carrying
on
their
chargeable
Adits
or
Delves
thorow
the
lowest
Levels
of
Hills
or
Mountains
)
they
discover
any
Mines
that
do
not
prove
Royal
,
they
shall
then
pay
every
tenth
Tun
of
such
Oar
,
as
they
shall
there
dig
or
delve
,
to
the
Proprietors
of
such
Lands
,
and
not
to
the
State
;
that
so
the
expectation
of
all
moderate
persons
may
be
answered
with
a
certain
Profit
without
Charge
,
and
himself
and
his
Co-Adventurers
not
discouraged
in
a
work
of
so
publike
concernment
.
In
reference
whereunto
,
his
Highness
the
Lord
Protector
hath
also
graciously
ratified
to
the
said
Thomas
Bushel
the
former
power
he
had
to
Coyn
all
such
silver
as
he
shall
refine
out
of
the
Oar
of
the
abovesaid
Mines
Royal
:
and
in
humble
resentment
of
which
favor
,
and
as
a
grateful
motive
to
stir
up
all
mens
affections
and
industries
to
the
discovery
of
such
Mines
,
the
said
Thomas
Bushel
hath
engaged
himself
,
to
his
Highness
the
Lord
Protector
,
and
his
honourable
Councel
,
and
doth
hereby
engage
himself
,
to
free
all
such
Parishes
from
their
Taxes
,
or
give
to
their
poor
the
value
thereof
,
in
which
any
such
Mine
or
Mines
shall
by
the
Parishoners
of
the
same
be
discovered
unto
him
,
so
long
as
they
shall
be
wrought
;
if
by
the
judgement
of
the
two
next
Justices
of
the
Peace
,
they
shall
be
proved
rich
and
valuable
.
The
Premises
seriously
considered
,
the
said
Thomas
Bushel
earnestly
entreateth
all
and
every
of
you
his
loving
Countrymen
,
who
are
well-affected
to
the
Commonwealth
,
That
you
will
unanimously
be
pleased
to
joyn
your
utmost
Industry
and
Observation
,
in
the
diligent
Discovery
of
all
such
Shods
,
Spars
,
Rakes
,
and
Veins
,
as
may
(
to
your
best
judgement
)
appear
Mineral
,
in
your
digging
,
delving
,
or
plowing
your
Grounds
:
that
,
as
much
as
in
you
lies
,
you
may
all
agree
in
this
great
Work
,
and
act
as
the
united
Faculties
of
one
man
;
whereby
you
may
not
onely
prove
instrumental
to
the
magnifying
Gods
glory
in
the
excellency
of
his
Creation
,
but
perpetuate
your
Memories
by
the
noble
Titles
of
loving
Patriots
to
your
native
Country
:
The
honest
desire
whereof
,
hath
so
enflamed
the
said
Thomas
Bushel
,
that
he
unfeignedly
professeth
,
as
in
the
presence
of
God
,
That
had
he
now
an
estate
equal
with
the
richest
private
person
in
England
,
he
would
employ
it
all
in
pursuance
of
so
hopeful
a
Design
,
for
the
good
of
this
Commonwealth
,
and
in
obedience
to
the
Commands
of
his
honoured
Lord
and
Master
,
the
late
Lord
Chancellor
Bacon
;
albeit
he
hath
in
his
former
Undertakings
of
this
nature
,
met
with
some
of
so
contrary
a
disposition
,
that
out
of
a
poor
private
respect
to
their
Herbage
on
some
barren
Mountains
,
by
him
proved
to
the
Parliament
not
worth
3
d
.
an
Acre
per
annum
,
they
for
seven
yeers
time
concealed
from
him
Mines
therein
so
rich
,
that
after
his
own
happy
discovery
,
one
of
them
many
yeers
produced
to
him
one
hundred
pounds
sterling
by
the
week
,
in
Refined
Silver
,
besides
Lead
to
a
good
value
.
From
whence
may
easily
be
inferred
,
that
if
you
shall
all
prove
cordial
in
this
so
great
and
good
a
Work
,
you
may
highly
advance
the
honour
and
riches
of
our
Country
,
and
employ
many
thousands
of
poor
men
in
an
honest
Labour
,
with
good
Wages
,
to
support
their
Families
,
which
now
want
employment
.
The
consideration
whereof
,
hath
moved
his
Highness
the
Lord
Protector
further
graciously
to
promise
to
the
said
Thomas
Bushel
all
other
assistances
that
his
honourable
Councel
shall
hereafter
conceive
conducible
to
the
perfecting
of
so
hopeful
,
publike
,
and
pious
a
Work
.
And
the
said
Thomas
Bushel
doth
hereby
declare
,
that
if
it
shall
please
the
Almighty
to
prosper
him
in
this
his
undertaking
,
that
he
shall
then
provide
a
certain
convenient
Place
,
and
skilfull
Artists
,
for
the
tryal
and
perfecting
of
all
such
Natural
Experiments
,
as
have
been
imparted
to
him
by
his
said
honoured
Lord
and
Master
:
and
in
the
mean
time
,
he
hath
prepared
a
Place
very
convenient
,
in
Lambeth-Marsh
;
to
which
house
,
all
persons
concerned
may
direct
their
Discoveries
,
to
be
assayed
and
tryed
at
the
charge
of
me
.
Richard
P.
WHereas
our
late
deceased
Father
Oliver
Lord
Protector
of
happy
memory
,
did
by
his
Letters
Patents
under
the
great
Seale
of
England
,
grant
unto
Thomas
Bushel
Esq
;
and
his
Coadventurers
,
all
such
Mines
Royall
as
he
or
they
should
discover
within
this
Commonwealth
reserving
one
fifth
part
thereof
;
And
did
also
confirme
his
grant
from
the
late
King
for
the
coyning
of
the
Silver
extracted
out
of
his
Mines
;
and
whereas
the
said
Tho
.
Bushel
hath
humbly
remonstrated
unto
us
,
that
he
hath
bin
at
a
great
charge
and
expence
in
making
of
Addits
and
Swallows
for
the
draining
of
Sir
Bevis
Bulmars
deserted
lead
Mines
in
Rowpits
and
green
Oare
,
on
the
Forrest
of
Mendyp
,
in
the
County
of
Somerset
,
and
doubts
not
by
God's
assistance
,
to
effect
the
same
in
a
short
time
,
if
he
be
not
impeded
therein
by
some
malitious
and
dissolute
persons
,
who
(
as
appears
to
us
by
several
Affidavits
)
have
already
attempted
to
destroy
the
same
;
Wee
,
having
received
very
good
testimony
of
his
abilities
in
Mineral
affairs
,
and
of
his
remarkable
successes
in
following
the
Philosophical
directions
of
his
late
Master
the
Lord
Chancellor
Bacon
,
and
taking
notice
of
the
several
Orders
and
Decrees
of
the
grand
Jury
of
Chewton
,
dated
the
28
of
May
1657
,
and
the
28
of
July
1658
for
the
regulating
of
the
Miners
there
,
and
the
incouraging
of
the
said
Tho
Bushel
in
his
undertakings
,
Doe
hereby
ratifie
and
confirme
the
said
Orders
and
Decrees
,
and
by
these
presents
streightly
prohibit
and
forbid
all
persons
whatsoever
to
hinder
or
molest
the
said
Tho
.
Bushel
,
his
servants
or
workmen
,
or
any
of
them
in
their
proceedings
therein
;
And
do
require
all
Justices
of
Peace
,
Mayors
,
Sheriffs
,
Bayliffs
,
Constables
and
other
Officers
,
and
all
our
Colonells
,
Captains
,
Officers
and
Soldiers
of
our
Army
to
assist
the
said
Tho
.
Bushel
and
his
Coadventurers
against
all
violences
and
injuries
that
shall
be
attempted
to
hinder
or
spoile
his
said
undertakings
,
and
to
punish
severely
all
such
as
shall
offend
the
aforesaid
Decrees
and
our
Commands
herein
,
according
as
the
offence
shall
merit
,
and
as
enemies
to
the
Peace
,
Honor
and
Profit
of
this
Nation
,
and
as
we
expect
their
performance
hereof
;
so
this
shall
be
their
Warrant
for
so
doing
.
Given
under
our
Signet
at
Whitehall
this
Fifth
day
of
February
,
1658.
To
the
Supreame
Authority
of
this
Common-wealth
,
the
Parliament
of
England
.
The
humble
Remonstrance
of
Thomas
Bushel
.
Esq
;
Sheweth
,
1.
THat
his
Mineral
service
,
grounded
on
his
Master
the
Lord
St.
Albons
Philosophical
Theory
may
prove
so
advantagious
and
transcendent
to
the
profit
and
honor
of
this
Commonwealth
,
that
in
time
(
if
rightly
employed
)
it
may
exonerate
the
groaning
Subjects
of
a
considerable
part
of
their
heavy
Taxes
,
and
take
from
future
Parliaments
the
necessity
of
ponderous
Impositions
upon
a
depressed
People
.
2.
That
he
can
assure
your
Honors
by
the
oaths
of
divers
persons
of
quality
,
that
this
unparallel'd
Lord
in
the
autumn
of
his
age
did
affirm
to
King
James
when
he
made
him
Viscount
,
That
he
much
repeated
he
had
not
made
Mineral
Philosophy
the
darling
study
of
his
Youth
,
as
well
as
the
Laws
of
the
Kingdom
,
conceiving
that
he
might
as
a
Philosopher
,
thereby
have
as
much
advanced
the
Glory
of
God
in
discovering
the
secrets
of
his
Hand
Maid
Nature
,
as
the
honor
of
his
Prince
,
and
the
profit
of
his
Country
,
as
a
States
man
;
concluding
that
if
his
Mineral
Notions
had
by
experiment
been
brought
to
perfection
in
his
life
time
,
when
he
had
the
assistance
of
his
Princes
power
and
favor
,
for
the
erecting
and
endowment
of
his
Solomons
house
(
designed
in
his
new
Atlantis
)
he
had
not
left
so
hopeful
an
Embrion
to
abortion
through
his
the
said
intrusted
Bushels
weaknes
,
or
future
vicissitudes
;
And
he
doth
also
aver
,
that
he
was
provoked
by
a
grateful
Zeal
to
his
said
Masters
honor
,
and
the
Republick
in
this
Mineral
service
;
and
somewhat
the
more
in
remembrance
of
this
saying
of
that
Lord
,
That
most
politick
Expedients
for
the
increment
of
a
Princes
coffers
,
had
a
strong
influence
upon
the
peoples
purses
;
But
innocent
Mineral
Productions
came
nearest
the
Idea
of
Divine
bounty
.
3.
He
affirms
,
that
by
way
of
Mart
he
hath
already
delivered
to
his
late
Highness
Oliver
Lord
Protector
,
and
many
other
persons
of
quality
One
hundred
three
pound
pieces
of
Gold
,
for
which
he
is
to
receive
five
and
ten
for
one
,
when
he
shall
advance
1000
l.
per
week
in
Gold
or
Silver
out
of
the
Mines
of
the
Territories
of
this
Commonwealth
.
4.
That
there
hath
been
so
many
thousand
Tuns
of
Lead
transported
since
William
the
Conquerors
time
unrefined
,
as
by
Records
do
amount
unto
Seventy
Millions
,
which
had
the
Lord
Bacons
Philosophy
been
then
known
,
as
it
is
now
to
be
practised
,
the
Silver
of
every
Tun
would
have
produced
five
pound
at
the
least
one
with
another
,
and
in
the
whole
it
had
advanced
to
the
treasure
of
this
Nation
Three
hundred
and
fifty
Millions
of
pounds
sterling
,
and
if
this
can
be
extracted
out
of
the
poorest
Lead
,
with
no
loss
to
any
moderate
man
,
what
will
then
the
richer
Mettals
prove
to
the
honor
and
profit
of
this
Republick
if
discovered
by
a
diligent
search
after
my
old
Masters
way
,
designed
in
the
annexed
Model
of
Hingston
Down
and
other
places
markt
out
by
that
Lord
to
defray
the
charges
of
the
one
out
of
the
profits
of
the
other
,
5.
That
I
am
approaching
,
for
president
sake
,
to
some
memorable
Act
,
worthy
the
honor
of
this
State
.
and
the
trial
of
the
Lord
Bacons
Philosophy
,
upon
the
forlorn
hope
of
that
great
Ingineer
Sir
Bevis
Bulmer's
drowned
and
deserted
Works
of
Rowpits
,
after
10000
l.
were
expended
out
of
Queen
Elizabeths
Purse
to
perfect
the
same
,
but
could
not
.
6.
That
he
hath
already
discovered
such
Copper
Mines
and
Calamunt
stones
,
as
we
need
not
be
any
more
obliged
to
foreign
Nations
,
if
your
countenance
will
but
quicken
the
ingenuity
of
Domestick
Industry
for
securing
and
encouraging
those
publick
Spirits
that
must
survive
his
actions
;
and
intend
to
make
the
World
their
Heir
.
In
a
word
,
most
honorable
sirs
,
He
hath
heard
for
truth
,
that
the
Lord
Chancellor
Bacon
discoursing
upon
this
Subject
before
King
James
and
the
then
Spanish
Ambassador
,
said
,
That
if
those
two
Princes
would
please
to
call
their
great
Councils
,
&
to
depute
the
extracted
knowledge
of
all
former
Ages
into
one
man
,
his
Lordship
did
not
doubt
but
in
the
notion
of
his
own
Philosophy
to
exceed
them
all
for
the
future
,
both
in
easing
the
charges
of
Mineral
discoveries
,
and
their
separating
qualities
for
half
the
value
,
as
well
as
the
more
certainty
to
find
out
their
obscure
Lodgings
in
their
Mother
Earth
,
then
yet
hath
been
promulged
or
practised
by
any
;
and
that
this
Nation
should
not
need
to
envy
the
King
of
Spains
Silver
Mines
in
America
,
which
did
much
quicken
my
affections
being
a
younger
Brother
of
Fortune
to
search
after
the
Meander
of
Natures
Minerals
.
For
know
,
this
is
the
fourth
time
I
have
laid
my
Reputation
in
the
dust
,
and
given
it
as
many
happy
resurrections
by
my
Mineral
discoveries
,
be
pleased
therefore
to
afford
me
the
honor
of
your
Justice
to
protect
my
innocent
Actions
according
to
my
Articles
,
that
your
deep
intellects
may
the
more
transparently
discern
the
miraculous
mineral
game
plaid
now
by
Providence
more
clearly
to
manifest
my
Lords
Philosophy
;
That
Sirs
,
out
of
worse
then
in
a
manner
nothing
in
my self
,
and
out
of
those
drowned
and
forsaken
Works
,
reputed
to
be
the
ruine
of
most
Adventurers
these
forty
years
,
he
should
by
putting
my
Lords
Receipts
into
Acts
,
produce
such
store
of
treasure
as
to
maintain
a
Mint
in
your
City
of
Wells
.
And
whether
this
my
obliged
performance
,
if
once
pe●fect●
according
to
the
Model
of
this
my
humble
Remonstrance
,
may
not
be
an
Emblem
of
a
providential
honor
to
perpetuate
your
Name
,
I
shall
humbly
submit
to
your
own
wisdomes
after
your
honours
have
vouchsaft
to
peruse
the
insuing
lines
,
what
a
Mine
Royal
is
known
to
be
,
and
so
resolved
by
the
learned
Lawyers
of
this
Nation
.
And
lastly
,
for
that
his
Lordship
would
often
say
,
That
no
person
could
pretend
interest
in
Gold
or
Silver
by
the
Law
of
Nations
but
the
Sovereign
Prince
,
lest
a
Subject
might
contest
with
the
Seigniory
of
his
Prerogative
power
through
discovering
such
concealed
Treasure
within
his
barren
and
contemptible
Herbage
,
nor
that
ever
any
Prince
denied
the
assistance
of
his
power
to
the
poorest
of
his
Servants
,
when
Providence
and
Industry
hath
found
in
his
own
Territory
such
Ingredients
to
the
Diadem
of
his
Crown
:
Be
pleased
therefore
in
your
clemency
to
consider
these
my
humble
Addresses
of
so
high
concernment
upon
your
own
Pillows
,
and
so
resolve
whether
I
shall
obey
your
commands
as
your
Votary
,
or
your
Miner
,
and
either
shall
please
The
humblest
of
your
Servants
,
Tho
.
Bushel
.
The
Case
of
a
Mine
Royal
judged
to
be
by
the
most
learned
Lawyers
under
their
Hands
.
ALthough
the
Gold
or
Silver
contained
in
the
base
Mettals
of
a
Mine
in
the
Land
of
a
Subject
,
be
of
less
value
then
the
baser
Mettall
,
yet
if
the
Gold
or
Silver
do
countervail
the
charge
of
the
refining
it
,
or
be
of
more
worth
then
the
base
Mettal
spent
in
refining
it
,
this
is
a
Mine
Royal
,
and
as
well
the
base
Mettal
as
the
Gold
and
Silver
in
it
belongs
by
Prerogative
to
the
Crown
.
-
Sir
Ralph
Whitefield
his
Majesties
Serjeant
at
Law
.
-
Sir
Edward
Herbert
Attorney
General
.
-
Oliver
St.
John
Solicitor
General
.
-
Orlando
Bridgman
the
Parlia
.
Solicitor
.
-
John
Glanvil
Serjeant
.
-
Rich
.
Creswel
Serjeant
.
-
John
Wilde
Serjeant
.
-
Rob.
Holborn
.
-
John
Hern
.
-
Edward
Bagshaw
.
-
Thomas
Lane
.
-
Richard
King
.
-
Edmund
Prideaux
.
Esqs
-
Jo
.
Maynard
.
-
Edward
Hide
.
-
John
Glynne
.
-
Charls
Fulwood
.
-
Harbottle
Grimstone
.
-
John
White
.
-
George
Peard
.
-
John
Franklin
.
-
Richard
Weston
.
-
John
Glover
.
-
William
Ellis
.
-
Thomas
Culpepper
.
-
John
Goodwine
.
-
William
Sanford
.
-
John
George
.
-
Ja.
Haward
,
Esqs
FINIS
.
MR.
Bushel's
MINERALL
OVERTURES
.
Right
Honorable
,
ACcording
to
your
commands
,
I
do
here
present
your
Lordships
with
a
brief
Narrative
of
the
Lord
Chancelor
BACONS
directions
to
my self
,
for
the
management
of
his
Mineral
experiments
,
in
case
his
own
Death
should
stop
his
intended
progress
therein
,
before
he
could
practically
discover
the
true
generation
,
and
spreading
qualities
of
Minerals
,
I
being
then
his
Menial
Servant
.
King
JAMES
having
already
promised
to
grant
his
Lordship
all
his
own
discoveries
of
Mines
Royal
,
and
also
of
any
drowned
Lands
,
or
deserted
Works
,
by
him
to
be
recovered
within
the
space
of
Forty
years
,
paying
him
the
fifth
,
according
to
the
usual
custome
of
the
King
of
Spain
,
in
his
Mines
of
the
West-Indies
,
and
of
other
Princes
,
after
the
expiration
of
Fourteen
years
first
granted
gratis
towards
the
great
charge
of
his
new
Invention
,
to
facillitate
the
obtaining
the
Mineral
Riches
of
this
Land
,
occasioned
by
a
learned
Speech
his
Lordship
hath
lately
made
to
his
Majesty
,
[
Count
GUNDAMORE
,
and
divers
of
the
Nobility
being
present
.
]
concerning
the
rise
,
and
magnificent
growth
of
the
China
Trade
;
wherein
by
a
perfect
demonstration
he
made
it
appear
,
that
the
invention
of
one
man
(
by
his
helping
the
defects
of
Nature
,
with
the
Materials
of
Art
,
and
the
patience
of
three
Ages
industrie
to
bring
its
concoction
to
perfection
)
became
the
great
Revenew
of
that
Empire
,
and
hath
bin
for
this
thousand
years
the
only
honor
of
that
people
,
as
well
as
their
livelyhood
and
Patrimonie
.
]
In
which
he
seriously
protested
,
That
his
utmost
ambition
in
the
affairs
of
this
World
affected
no
greater
glory
,
then
to
leave
the
real
fruits
of
his
best
service
to
his
Soveraigne
,
Honor
to
his
Name
,
his
written
Works
to
Posterity
,
and
by
such
Treasures
as
his
own
Industrie
should
raise
out
of
his
Mineral
experiments
,
to
accomplish
the
noble
Design
and
Fabrick
of
his
SOLOMONS
House
,
described
in
his
new
Atlantis
annexed
to
his
Natural
Historie
;
seeing
that
the
Corporation
of
the
Mines
Royal
,
instituted
by
his
Majesty
,
consisting
of
Lords
and
Gentlemen
of
qualitie
produced
but
weak
,
or
very
small
advantages
to
the
Revene●
the
Crown
,
or
the
publick
good
;
although
his
Lordship
did
then
really
believe
it
very
possible
for
himself
(
if
qualified
thereto
by
his
regall
Power
)
to
bring
it
so
to
pass
in
one
Age
,
that
the
barrenest
Mountains
in
this
Nation
should
produce
such
store
of
Treasure
by
their
Royall
Veines
;
as
we
need
not
envie
the
King
of
Spain's
felicitie
in
his
Potezi
,
or
any
other
Mines
in
America
;
and
thereupon
by
way
of
similitude
added
this
,
That
as
a
State
,
whose
present
dimensions
were
but
small
,
might
happily
serve
as
a
foundation
for
an
ample
Monarchy
,
if
all
regard
of
private
propriety
were
laid
aside
,
and
every
Member
thereof
would
diligently
devote
his
particular
care
to
the
publick
ben
fit
;
even
so
it
might
happen
in
the
advancement
of
the
discoveries
of
those
Mineral
Riches
supposed
to
lie
hid
in
the
bosomes
of
the
most
barren
Mountains
,
when
the
whole
industrie
of
the
many
several
persons
employed
,
should
be
concentrick
in
that
service
,
and
act
as
the
united
faculties
of
one
man
,
their
hearts
being
free
from
all
ends
and
ambitious
thoughts
,
save
such
as
conduced
to
Gods
glory
and
the
common
good
.
But
so
soon
as
his
Lordship
had
vouchsafed
to
acquaint
me
concerning
his
proceedings
with
his
Majesty
in
this
Affair
,
he
bad
me
call
to
mind
the
many
fatherly
favors
which
he
had
conferred
upon
me
,
as
pious
motives
to
retard
my
unripe
years
from
hazardous
travels
;
and
having
professed
to
his
Lordship
,
that
I
could
not
with
any
content
resolve
to
live
in
my
Native
Country
,
ever
since
I
understood
,
that
younger
Brothers
by
the
Law
of
the
Land
were
not
participant
in
their
Fathers
Inheritance
,
but
that
they
were
by
the
ways
of
Vertue
and
Industrie
,
to
attend
the
Almighties
bounty
,
for
acquiring
such
fortunes
as
primogeniture
had
conferred
upon
their
elder
Brothers
,
or
otherwise
to
live
in
an
inferior
or
servile
condition
;
and
then
instanced
his
acceptance
of
me
for
his
servant
at
fifteen
years
of
age
,
upon
my
own
Address
;
his
clearing
all
my
debts
three
several
times
,
with
no
smaller
sum
in
the
whole
then
Three
thousand
pound
,
his
preferring
me
in
Marriage
to
a
rich
Inheretrix
,
and
thereupon
not
only
allowing
me
Four
hundred
pounds
per
annum
,
but
to
ballance
the
consent
of
her
Father
in
the
Match
,
promised
upon
his
honor
to
make
me
the
Heir
of
his
knowledge
,
in
Mineral
Philosophy
,
saying
▪
That
if
those
reall
expressions
of
his
love
could
but
find
the
due
retalliation
of
my
gratitude
,
he
might
then
assure
himself
of
the
hoped
Harvest
of
two
Lives
in
one
;
infering
,
that
although
Fathers
are
bound
to
provide
for
their
Children
,
and
worse
then
Infidels
if
they
do
not
,
yet
there
is
no
such
injunction
upon
Masters
,
in
relation
to
their
Servants
;
and
therefore
where
a
Masters
pious
bounty
transcends
a
Fathers
naturall
love
,
there
that
so
obliged
servant
must
appear
most
prodigiously
ingratefull
,
which
shall
not
with
much
zeal
and
faithfulness
,
discharge
the
duty
of
a
surviving
Trust
;
seriously
adding
this
:
Bushel
,
I
must
now
use
you
,
my
intended
instrument
,
in
the
prosecution
of
my
Mineral
Designs
,
as
politick
Princes
do
their
nearest
servants
in
their
Cabinet-Counsels
;
who
putting
their
Masters
conceptions
into
act
,
if
they
take
well
with
the
people
,
must
own
no
more
of
them
then
the
approbation
thereof
,
and
the
admiration
of
their
Princes
wisdom
therein
;
but
in
the
contrary
effect
(
to
salve
their
Princes
honor
)
they
must
sadly
acknowledge
the
matter
wholly
their
own
;
an
Error
in
their
Counsels
,
and
a
crime
in
themselves
:
so
you
,
if
by
my
Theorie
you
prosper
in
your
practick
,
must
attribute
all
the
honor
of
the
whole
work
to
me
;
if
otherwise
,
you
must
gratefully
preserve
my
reputation
,
by
acknowledging
your
own
misfortune
,
in
mistaking
and
misacting
my
directions
,
and
so
you
shall
be
sure
to
gain
the
Title
and
Character
of
a
grateful
servant
in
either
event
.
And
upon
my
serious
protestation
,
that
I
would
faithfully
obey
all
his
Commands
,
his
Lordship
advised
me
,
not
to
follow
the
practice
of
our
Predecessors
,
in
their
tedious
and
expensive
ways
of
sinking
Ayrie
shafts
at
every
forty
fathoms
,
nor
to
imitate
the
antient
Romans
,
by
digging
Mines
through
deep
and
open
Trenches
;
but
by
cutting
Addits
into
the
Mountains
at
their
lowest
Level
,
and
by
supplying
their
defect
of
Aire
with
Pipe
and
Bellows
,
being
an
invention
utterly
unknown
to
former
Ages
.
And
for
my
first
experience
,
to
begin
with
those
five
Mountains
in
Cardiganshire
,
reported
by
Sir
FRANCIS
GODOLPHIN
,
and
a
Portugues
,
to
be
rich
in
Silver
and
Lead
.
But
if
I
should
by
my
practick
part
faile
in
my
deeper
search
,
either
for
want
of
convenient
Aire
,
or
a
sufficient
Vein
of
Ore
,
his
Lordship
commanded
me
to
pursue
his
Directions
in
that
particular
no
further
;
yet
if
my
happy
success
should
prove
his
Theorie
true
in
this
,
as
also
in
the
several
ways
of
separating
the
Mettle
from
the
Dross
,
and
the
Silver
from
the
Lead
,
that
then
I
should
not
faile
to
illustrate
the
innocent
Trade
of
the
poor
Miners
,
by
making
his
Lordship
the
Patron
of
their
Profession
,
nor
neglect
to
dedicate
the
whole
profit
which
Divine
Providence
should
reveale
in
the
one
,
to
find
out
the
Riches
of
the
other
;
and
above
all
,
that
I
should
take
speciall
care
to
elect
such
honest
Agents
for
the
carrying
on
this
innocently
profitable
work
,
as
their
vertuous
ambitions
should
aime
at
no
by
respect
beyond
the
publick
good
of
their
Country
,
they
having
a
competent
salary
for
their
modest
maintenance
:
But
these
Embrions
proving
abortive
,
by
the
death
of
that
Lord
in
the
Reigne
of
King
James
,
where
the
sad
motive
which
perswaded
my
pensive
retirements
to
a
three
years
sollitude
,
untill
divine
providence
calling
me
to
a
more
active
life
,
I
discovered
and
perfected
Natures
ingenious
designs
upon
my
Rock
at
Enston
in
Oxfordshire
,
by
making
it
such
a
delightfull
Grotto
,
that
the
same
of
it
invited
the
late
King
Charls
to
a
voluntary
visit
:
By
which
means
I
not
only
became
known
to
his
Majesty
,
but
also
found
an
apt
occasion
to
discourse
the
above
mentioned
Proposals
of
the
Lord
BACONS
Philosophy
,
who
so
well
approved
of
my
Ingenie
upon
that
place
,
and
his
Lordships
Mineral
Model
,
that
he
presently
promised
me
the
assistance
of
his
Mint
,
according
to
the
president
of
other
Princes
,
when
I
should
find
silver
worth
the
coyning
;
and
likewise
the
accommodation
of
my
own
Lead
so
discovered
,
Custom
,
free
for
21.
years
,
as
also
my
choise
of
renting
the
whole
Custom
of
that
Comodity
at
the
rate
of
the
Farmers
Books
,
calculated
by
the
account
of
seven
years
Audit
,
to
put
the
speculations
of
my
Masters
Theory
into
practice
.
These
high
favors
of
the
late
King
conferred
on
my self
,
in
memory
of
that
Lords
eminent
abilities
,
and
this
his
admonition
(
before
the
Earl
of
Dorset
)
to
me
at
York
:
That
if
(
in
the
War
then
like
to
ensue
)
I
should
not
prove
real
,
and
active
in
his
service
,
and
cordial
in
the
trust
reposed
in
me
by
my
quondam
Lord
,
I
should
justly
me
:
it
the
Title
and
reputation
of
a
Knave
;
which
did
then
provoke
me
forwards
in
my
undertakings
,
with
a
most
zealous
observation
of
my
oblieged
fidelity
to
both
,
till
his
Majesty
(
at
CAUSAM
)
dis-ingaged
me
in
the
first
,
that
he
might
enable
me
as
much
as
in
him
say
,
to
perform
the
latter
,
by
his
gracious
letter
of
permission
to
surrender
Lundy
at
my
own
charge
fortified
and
maintained
,
(
without
injury
or
violence
to
any
)
upon
such
Articles
as
might
take
off
my
delinquency
,
and
restore
me
to
my
Estate
,
and
the
grants
of
my
Mines
,
Mints
,
and
Customes
,
rather
then
the
fore
mentioned
design
so
well
digested
by
my
honorable
Lord
,
for
the
general
good
,
should
be
made
frustrate
by
my
incapacity
to
prosecute
;
I
being
the
only
man
made
privy
to
all
those
his
Mineral
speculations
,
and
some
other
of
his
Philosophical
Lucubrations
,
not
yet
to
be
promulged
,
until
my
proficiency
and
success
in
the
Min
s
shall
enable
me
thereto
;
since
he
,
in
the
depth
of
his
wisdom
,
thought
it
not
only
the
harmlessest
gaine
and
greatest
good
that
could
befall
a
Commonwealth
,
but
also
found
it
to
be
the
chiefest
study
and
industry
of
the
most
knowing
and
best
bred
persons
of
other
Nations
,
and
the
highest
and
most
Honorable
improvement
that
this
world
was
capable
of
,
and
I
protest
,
as
in
the
presence
of
God
,
(
such
a
progress
I
have
already
made
herein
)
that
if
I
could
now
command
as
much
wealth
as
ever
the
Lydian
Croesus
did
possess
,
I
would
gladly
adventure
it
all
in
perforating
the
barren
Mountains
,
to
discover
the
vast
Treasures
which
lie
hid
in
their
Rocky
entrails
,
for
the
good
of
this
Nation
,
and
to
leave
after
my
debts
paid
a
magnificent
Monument
in
memory
of
my
most
deserving
Master
,
by
finishing
his
SOLOMONS
House
in
all
its
dimensions
,
and
with
all
the
accommodations
and
endowments
thereof
,
according
to
his
Lordships
own
Heroick
Idea
;
if
the
honorable
Parliament
sh
ll
be
pleased
to
ratifie
my
Articles
,
I
having
already
by
his
direction
cut
through
five
of
the
28
Mountains
at
the
lowest
Level
,
which
his
Lordship
and
Sir
FRANCIS
GODOLPHIN
did
mark
out
as
the
most
pregnant
Hills
,
for
discovering
the
Beds
,
and
spreading
Branches
of
this
Nations
Mineral
Treasures
:
so
that
no
man
of
known
judgment
,
but
must
conclude
the
rest
to
be
of
the
same
species
,
or
of
richer
natures
,
in
their
deeper
search
both
for
quantity
and
quality
;
and
how
happy
a
success
the
great
God
of
Nature
hath
given
to
my
endeavors
in
this
particular
,
the
ensuing
Letter
,
sent
from
Mr.
Brodway
,
a
learned
and
judicious
Divine
,
and
one
constantly
resident
amongst
the
Miners
,
will
better
speak
,
then
any
Pen
whatsoever
.
THOMAS
BUSHELL
.
A
LETTER
to
Mr.
BUSHELL
,
relating
some
strange
accidents
,
which
happened
in
the
MINES
.
Honored
Sir
;
SUffer
my
congratulations
of
your
late
success
at
Tallybont
to
be
admitted
among
the
rest
,
who
have
represented
the
same
to
your
imagination
:
not
so
much
for
the
historical
report
of
it
,
as
for
speculation
on
it
;
So
it
becomes
my
quality
,
for
the
rest
are
interessed
,
I
,
a
looker
on
your
Addit
or
great
drift
of
Tallibont
:
after
above
400
fathome
in
four
years
driving
to
come
at
the
chief
shaft
of
the
old
drowned
work
of
38
fathome
deep
,
being
pierced
by
the
water
of
the
old
work
,
June
27
at
midnight
there
befell
two
memorable
accidents
.
The
four
workmen
about
one
in
the
night
(
as
their
manner
was
)
withdrew
to
take
Tobacco
within
ten
fathome
of
the
Addits
mouth
,
least
in
the
fore-field
it
should
damp
the
aire
,
which
was
conveyed
to
them
by
your
leaden
Pipes
with
Bellowes
.
Their
smoakie
banquet
was
not
yet
at
an
end
,
when
they
heard
a
mighty
and
fearful
noise
,
which
some
of
them
said
was
thunder
.
But
old
Bartholmew
Clocker
(
a
well-experienced
Miner
)
although
he
left
the
work
without
any
suspition
of
so
near
an
approach
re●olved
suddenly
,
the
work
is
holed
,
come
let
us
away
.
No
sooner
had
they
gotten
the
free
aire
,
but
out
gusheth
the
torrent
of
water
with
an
incredible
fury
,
such
a
breach
it
made
in
the
solid
Rock
,
that
it
arose
a
full
yards
height
at
the
Addits
mouth
,
and
drove
away
above
100
Tun
of
the
rockie
deads
,
affrighting
the
people
of
Tallybont
,
who
heard
the
noise
and
felt
the
water
in
their
houses
.
I
do
not
remember
that
I
was
ever
more
astonish'd
at
the
prodigiousness
of
any
spectacle
,
to
see
what
perdition
was
threatned
to
the
poor
men
,
and
they
so
to
escape
it
.
About
four
hours
after
the
violence
of
water
being
past
,
Fisher
one
other
of
the
Miners
went
in
with
more
curiosity
then
wit
,
to
see
what
effect
it
had
wrought
there
:
and
being
some
sixtie
fathome
in
,
creeping
very
low
,
his
candle
enkindled
a
vapor
,
which
came
on
him
with
three
or
four
flashes
,
and
he
suddainly
returning
had
his
hair
burnt
off
,
and
his
clothes
scorched
,
in
which
conclusion
it
gave
a
crack
like
the
report
of
a
Peice
,
and
in
a
fierce
gust
of
wind
blew
out
the
Candles
of
three
more
coming
after
him
.
To
omit
the
Philosophical
inquisition
of
natural
causes
,
I
account
his
preservation
in
as
high
a
degree
of
wonder
as
the
first
.
Thus
happy
are
you
here
when
least
you
think
of
it
,
for
I
find
the
Subterranean
spirits
,
the
supposed
Guardians
of
concealed
treasure
,
as
officious
for
you
as
if
they
were
in
pay
with
you
.
But
in
a
stile
more
proper
to
my
pen
,
Behold
Sir
,
how
dear
you
are
to
providence
,
which
for
your
sake
hath
vouchsafed
to
digress
into
a
Miracle
,
and
such
a
one
as
is
able
to
convert
the
most
Sophistical
Athe
st
;
whence
your
piety
will
inferre
,
that
the
gracious
Author
of
this
incomparable
bounty
expects
from
you
some
grateful
service
,
as
high
above
ordinary
(
according
to
mortal
capacity
)
as
this
favor
hath
been
extraordinary
.
We
are
all
deeply
in
the
same
engagement
,
and
have
learned
by
this
experiment
,
that
these
Addits
or
approaches
(
for
that
's
the
sence
of
the
name
of
old
Deluge
works
)
are
attempts
of
desperate
hazzard
.
Me
thinks
those
Mountains
are
as
so
many
pregnant
Wombs
,
and
now
in
labour
call
for
your
fortunate
hands
to
deliver
them
,
to
the
honor
of
your
Royall
Master
,
and
perpetuated
glory
of
the
Nation
.
What
should
you
doubt
in
an
employment
so
serenely
smild
upon
,
by
the
highest
both
of
Heaven
and
Earth
?
You
use
no
inchantment
,
or
magnetical
Rod
,
to
discover
the
veins
,
your
only
magick
,
is
an
ingenious
conjecture
of
probabiliti●●●
with
a
chearful
and
indefatigable
industry
which
hath
hitherto
succeeded
beyond
expectation
of
most
,
and
(
peradventure
)
the
desires
of
some
.
But
who
,
(
as
Agricola
makes
the
question
)
that
is
not
of
a
nature
impoison'd
with
envy
and
malitiousness
,
Lib
.
1.
de
R.
M
can
bear
unfriendly
thoughts
to
him
,
whose
substance
is
in
a
manner
presented
by
the
hand
of
God
.
I
know
it
would
be
a
motive
of
very
feeble
operation
,
to
tell
you
how
Princes
and
States
have
raised
their
Crowns
,
by
descending
into
such
abysses
as
these
;
with
some
of
whom
wanton
Antiquity
hath
been
pleased
to
sport
her self
,
and
to
play
upon
the
simplicity
of
many
,
as
M●d●s
,
Gyges
,
the
Argonauts
,
C●oesus
,
with
the
States
of
Athens
,
over
whose
Minerals
was
that
renowned
Thucydides
a
P●aefect
,
as
you
are
here
.
Of
which
,
Pliny
delivers
what
may
be
worth
your
attention
,
when
he
sayes
of
them
,
That
they
were
in
a
fruitless
soyle
,
and
on
the
Hils
(
as
these
with
us
.
)
And
wheresoever
one
vein
was
found
,
it
was
not
far
from
another
;
among
which
was
one
called
Bebelo
,
that
afforded
him
300
pound
weight
of
Silver
a
day
These
were
then
the
veins
which
conveyed
the
blood
and
spirit
of
life
,
through
all
the
Limbs
of
his
victorious
Host
.
And
have
you
not
here
our
Britains
Asturia
before
you
?
Who
knows
whether
it
may
not
yield
a
Bebelo
?
at
least
a
Sneberg
or
Anneberg
?
Who
hath
heretofore
dream't
of
a
Mine
at
Comsomloch
,
or
of
the
happy
Lot
you
lately
drew
from
the
Mountains
of
Keginian
,
Tallybont
,
the
Darren
,
Broom-Floyd
,
and
Cum-mervin
?
What
did
the
outside
of
these
promise
you
,
more
then
the
countenances
of
their
Neighbors
?
But
the
Complaint
of
Learned
D.
Jourdan
may
here
take
place
,
that
much
Silver
was
lost
for
want
of
taking
it
out
of
Lead-Oares
:
for
whereas
those
Oars
which
are
rich
in
Silver
,
are
commonly
hard
of
fusion
,
our
Mineral
men
neglect
those
Oars
.
No
doubt
many
are
concealed
,
by
reason
they
are
Mines
Royall
.
Where
had
been
the
Woods
and
Forrests
yet
undestroyed
on
these
bald-headed
Promontories
,
that
might
suffice
,
had
you
not
taught
the
Earth
to
afford
you
all
,
and
the
worthless
Valley
to
meet
the
barren
Hill
,
by
sending
in
Fewel
to
give
forme
to
the
matter
?
So
that
here
is
a
rich
bequest
you
leave
to
posterity
,
I
mean
your
eternizing
the
Works
,
by
preventing
the
excesse
of
Water
,
and
defect
of
Fire
,
I
have
no
more
,
but
to
signifie
my
confidence
,
that
as
your
desires
are
set
on
the
material
Rocks
of
Wales
and
Enstone
,
so
will
your
better
affections
be
firmly
grounded
upon
the
Rock
Christ
Jesus
,
that
no
Tempest
may
be
able
to
shake
you
,
when
the
sandie
Projects
of
other
will
be
laved
to
nothing
by
the
Flouds
they
are
built
upon
:
which
will
give
more
comfort
and
satisfaction
to
you
,
then
can
be
expressed
by
your
True
Friend
and
Servant
,
THOMAS
BRODWAY
.
Julii
4.
1641.
To
his
Highness
the
Lord
PROTECTOR
of
England
,
Scotland
and
Ireland
,
&c.
The
humble
Petition
of
the
Proprietors
,
Commoners
and
Mineral
Bounders
of
the
Deserted
and
Drowned
Mines
within
the
Counties
of
Cornwal
and
Devon
.
Sheweth
,
THat
your
Petitioners
observing
the
Experimental
way
of
Mr.
Bushell's
Proceedings
,
to
be
not
only
the
most
probable
to
discover
the
vast
Mineral-Treasure
supposed
to
lie
in
the
Metal-loads
of
that
Beacon-Hill
called
Hingston-Down
,
Coome-Martin
in
Devon
,
and
Guynop
in
Cornwal
;
But
likewise
the
onely
probable
means
to
enrich
these
Western
parts
,
and
your
other
Territories
with
inestimable
treasure
,
by
following
his
example
in
all
drowned
and
deserted
Works
;
And
because
we
find
he
hath
no
more
desire
of
Partnership
then
the
assistance
of
Providence
,
and
your
Highness
patronising
this
his
commendable
Enterprise
,
nor
any
other
ambition
then
gratitude
to
the
memory
of
that
great
Philosopher
,
his
deceased
Master
,
the
Lord
Chancellor
Bacon
,
and
to
make
our
Age
the
president
and
honor
of
fulfilling
the
old
proverb
,
Hingston-Down
welly
wrought
,
is
worth
London-Town
dearey
bought
.
Now
in
regard
the
Lords
of
the
Fee
,
and
Commoners
thereof
,
as
well
as
the
major
part
of
the
Mineral
bounders
,
have
with
all
cheerful
alacritie
(
for
the
publick
good
of
this
Nation
)
subscribed
their
affectionate
Consents
to
this
great
Work
,
in
a
Letter
to
Mr.
Bushell
hereunto
annexed
:
We
your
Petitioners
do
in
the
behalf
of
our selves
and
the
Mineral
Bounders
of
Cornwal
and
Devon
,
implore
your
Highness
speedy
Confirmation
of
Mr.
Bushell's
Articles
,
without
his
personal
attendance
in
London
,
according
to
the
gracious
signification
of
your
Highness
favors
to
his
Petition
,
that
no
time
may
be
lost
in
so
honorable
a
Design
,
nor
he
disabled
or
dismaid
in
so
general
a
Concernment
;
since
we
find
him
exceeding
active
to
study
the
preservation
of
your
Honors
and
Dignities
,
with
the
Countries
advancement
,
as
to
your
Highness
wisdom
may
appear
by
the
demonstration
of
his
Mineral
Overtures
,
and
a
draught
of
his
unanswerable
Reasons
likewise
annexed
.
-
Charls
Trevanion
-
Tho
.
Mainard
-
Edw
.
Herle
-
Jo
.
Chatley
-
John
Tremenhere
-
Phi
.
Lanyon
-
William
-
Edw
.
Wise
-
Richard
Arundell
-
Fran
.
Buller
jun
.
-
Ja.
Launce
-
David
Hawes
-
Chr.
Wood
-
Will
.
Wise
-
J.
Boscowen
-
Tho
.
Lower
.
-
John
Coryton
-
John
Lampen
-
Tho
.
Grose
-
John
Fathers
-
William
Wrey
-
Nath
.
Tarvanion
-
Will
.
Rous
.
SIR
,
WE
have
seriously
considered
the
proffer'd
Civilities
in
your
Letter
,
and
the
plain
Demonstrations
in
your
ingenuous
Reasons
,
to
cut
North
and
South
through
the
lowest
Level
of
Hingston-Down
,
for
crossing
all
such
Metal-loads
as
lie
East
and
West
,
and
for
freeing
the
Mines
from
the
impediment
of
water
;
by
which
you
may
verefie
the
old
proverb
,
Hingston-Down
welly
wrought
,
is
worth
London-Town
dearey
bought
:
And
therefore
you
may
rest
assured
,
that
we
shall
give
our
free
consents
and
endevours
to
procure
other
Gentlemen
of
our
County
to
further
your
most
noble
and
unparralleld
design
,
that
a
speedy
dispatch
may
be
made
thereof
for
the
general
good
of
the
Nation
,
which
is
and
shall
be
ever
very
much
desired
by
Novemb
.
11.
1656.
Sir
,
Your
very
ready
friends
and
Servants
,
-
Edw
.
Herle
.
-
Cha
.
Trevanion
.
-
J.
Boscowen
:
-
Chicheste
Wr
ey
.
-
Edw
.
Wise
.
-
William
Wise
.
-
John
Lampen
.
-
Ja.
Launce
.
-
Richard
Erisey
.
-
Jo
.
Chatley
.
-
Phi
.
Lanyon
.
-
Natha
.
Tarvanyon
.
-
Hu
.
Pomeroy
.
-
Tho
.
Grose
.
-
Richard
Arundell
.
-
William
Rous
.
-
N.
Borlace
.
-
Tho
.
Lower
.
-
Fran
.
Buller
.
-
John
Coryton
.
-
John
Harris
.
-
Nich
.
Sharsell
.
-
John
Battersby
.
-
J.
Tremenhere
-
Will
.
Wrey
.
-
William
Coysgrave
.
-
Edward
Wilcocks
.
-
John
Fathers
.
-
David
Haws
.
For
our
Noble
Friend
Tho
.
Bushell
Esq
;
These
.
Mr.
Bushels
Letter
to
the
Miners
of
Mendyp
,
and
their
Answer
,
with
the
Juries
Order
.
Fellow
Miners
,
UPon
the
Overtures
of
my
Mineral
Discoveries
taught
me
by
the
Theory
of
my
old
Master
the
Lord
Chancellor
Bacon's
Philosophical
Conceptions
;
His
Highness
the
Lord
Protector
upon
hopes
of
the
like
providence
in
all
his
other
Territories
to
ease
the
Nation
of
their
Taxes
,
gave
me
power
to
try
the
aforesaid
Experiments
,
since
it
was
conceived
by
the
aforesaid
Lord
,
that
great
riches
lay
in
the
Bowels
of
our
Mother
Earth
,
and
underneath
the
superficies
of
the
most
barren
Mountains
;
and
in
order
to
such
his
commands
,
I
have
not
onely
published
the
inclosed
declaration
for
satisfaction
to
all
moderate
persons
,
which
have
not
unbyassed
Principles
against
the
honor
of
their
native
Country
,
but
also
am
setting
on
foot
the
drowned
and
deserted
works
in
the
naked
Promentories
of
H●ngston
Down
,
Coom-Martine
in
Devon
,
and
Guynop
in
Cornwal
:
And
being
likewise
informed
by
your
fellow
Miners
,
that
Millions
of
wealth
lie
in
Rowpit
neer
Chewton-Minery
,
which
yet
cannot
be
recovered
from
the
inundation
of
water
by
the
greatest
Artists
of
former
Ages
:
I
have
upon
my
own
deliberation
and
viewing
the
place
,
thought
fit
to
render
you
the
experience
of
my
practical
endeavors
,
and
with
a
willing
mind
to
attempt
the
Forelorn
hope
of
their
recoveries
at
my
own
charge
,
if
I
may
have
the
well-wishes
of
you
in
general
,
and
the
moyety
or
half
,
bearing
equal
charge
,
when
the
water
is
drained
your
speedy
answer
shall
make
me
decline
or
prosecute
the
same
with
effect
,
which
is
the
only
ambition
of
Your
faithful
Friend
,
T.
B.
April
21.
1657.
For
his
very
loving
Friends
,
John
Phelps
,
Tho
.
Voules
,
Will
.
Cole
,
Alex
.
Jett
,
Will
.
Betten
,
Rob
.
Radford
,
and
Tho
.
Wood
,
with
the
rest
,
these
deliver
.
Right
Worshipful
,
MAnna
from
Heaven
was
not
more
welcome
to
the
Pilgrims
of
Israel
,
then
the
good
news
your
Letter
brought
to
us
poor
Miners
of
Mendyp
,
who
now
are
like
Moses
in
the
Mount
,
which
saw
the
Land
of
Promise
,
and
yet
could
not
enjoy
the
propriety
thereof
;
even
so
fares
it
now
with
us
:
For
a
month
or
two
of
a
droughty
Summer
we
behold
the
appearance
of
much
treasure
lying
in
the
veins
of
those
metal
Loads
,
and
so
soon
as
we
are
preparing
for
Harvest
,
to
reap
a
mite
of
its
Mineral
profit
,
the
inundation
of
water
takes
away
our
present
possession
,
and
leaves
us
exposed
to
a
sad
condition
,
having
no
other
Profession
for
our
livelihood
.
But
if
your
goodness
and
charity
will
be
pleased
to
extend
the
interest
of
your
knowledge
to
drain
the
Rake
called
the
Broad
Rake
of
Sir
Bevis
Bulmars
Works
in
Rowpits
near
Chewton
Minery
,
which
is
known
to
be
the
lowest
Level
,
and
Sole
of
those
Works
;
We
do
herein
engage
our selves
under
our
hands
and
Seals
,
and
on
the
behalf
of
all
others
that
shall
hereafter
work
in
the
said
Rake
,
that
you
and
your
Assigns
shall
have
the
moyety
of
the
whole
,
paying
half
the
charge
;
and
likewise
procure
the
Lord
of
the
Soil
to
do
the
like
,
if
you
please
to
proceed
with
speed
for
the
perfecting
of
the
same
;
and
in
token
of
our
affection
to
serve
you
,
we
have
presumed
not
onely
to
petition
his
Highness
in
your
behalf
for
the
better
encouragement
,
but
also
oblige
our selves
to
tender
you
the
first
refusal
of
all
our
parts
and
shares
of
Oar
,
paying
ready
money
,
and
giving
us
from
time
to
time
the
same
rate
as
other
Merchants
shall
conceive
it
to
be
worth
:
And
so
we
bid
you
heartily
farewel
,
resting
May
2.
1657.
Your
ever
obliged
Servants
,
-
Valen
Tryme
,
for
his
part
.
-
Tho
.
White
.
-
Ioh
.
Hoskins
.
-
Andrew
Baller
.
-
Nich
.
Barrel
.
-
John
Blackhouse
.
-
John
Johnsons
.
-
Will
.
Norman
.
-
John
Thrisel
.
-
Tho
.
Atwood
sen
.
-
John
Naish
.
-
Edw
.
Hopkins
.
-
Nich
.
Plumley
.
-
John
Hinsh
.
-
Rich
.
Friar
.
-
Jam
.
Midleham
.
-
John
Phelps
.
-
Will
.
Voules
.
-
John
Cole
.
-
Rob.
Clark
sen
.
-
Rob.
Clark
jun
.
-
Tho
.
Voules
.
-
Tho
.
Atwood
jun
.
-
Alex
.
Jett
.
-
Tho
.
Rowles
.
-
Nich
.
Parker
.
-
Will
.
Dudden
.
-
John
Radford
.
-
Rob.
Radford
.
For
Tho
.
Bushel
,
Esq
;
Chewton-Jury
,
May
28.
1657.
WHereas
we
of
this
Mineral
Grand
Jury
are
credibly
informed
of
the
great
design
for
the
publike
good
of
the
Miners
,
which
do
adventure
in
Rowpits
,
and
is
now
undertaken
by
Tho
.
Bushel
Esq
;
which
were
formerly
the
deserted
Works
left
by
Sir
Bevis
Bulmar
in
the
time
of
Queen
Elizabeths
Reign
,
and
whereas
many
of
the
chief
Adventurers
in
the
said
Rowpits
do
and
have
consented
to
surrender
the
one
half
of
their
Works
and
Mines
there
unto
the
said
Tho
.
Bushel
and
his
Assigns
,
when
the
said
Tho
.
Bushel
doth
make
it
appear
,
that
by
his
or
their
Workmanship
they
be
freed
of
the
inundation
of
their
Waters
,
unto
the
Mineral
Court
for
the
time
being
:
We
of
this
Jury
do
order
and
make
this
Decree
,
that
when
it
shall
happen
that
the
said
Tho
.
Bushel
doth
prove
that
he
hath
by
his
Workmanship
done
by
him
and
his
Assigns
,
cleared
any
Miners
work
as
aforesaid
,
unto
the
Jury
as
aforesaid
,
he
shal
enjoy
the
one
half
of
the
Works
:
Provided
alwaies
,
the
said
Tho
.
Bushel
and
they
shall
be
liable
to
pay
all
Mineral
costs
and
charges
,
as
far
as
he
and
they
are
entrusted
,
agreeable
to
the
custom
and
Law
of
the
Occupation
;
and
to
this
we
all
agree
,
and
have
subscribed
our
hands
,
the
day
and
year
first
above
written
.
-
Andrew
Baller
.
-
Jo
.
Phelps
.
-
Tho
.
Attwood
sen
.
-
Nich
.
Barrel
.
-
Will
.
Norman
.
-
Nich
.
Parker
.
-
Io
.
Cornish
.
-
Edw
.
Hopkins
.
-
Will
.
Dudden
.
-
Tho
.
Rowles
.
-
John
Blackhouse
.
-
John
House
.
-
John
Hoskins
.
-
John
Thristle
.
-
John
Johnsons
.
-
Tho
.
Attwood
jun
.
-
Nich
.
Plumley
.
-
Valen
Dudden
.
To
his
Highness
the
Lord
Protector
of
England
,
Scotland
and
Ireland
,
&c.
The
humble
Petition
of
the
Mineral-Bounders
within
the
County
of
Somerset
.
Sheweth
,
THat
your
Petitioners
observing
the
experimental
way
of
Mr.
Pushell's
proceedings
to
recover
the
vast
Mineral
Treasure
known
to
lie
in
the
drowned
and
deserted
Works
of
that
antient
Forrest
called
Mendyp-hill
;
And
being
likewise
the
onely
probable
means
to
enrich
your
other
Territories
,
by
following
his
example
in
concealed
places
of
the
like
nature
:
We
your
Petitioners
do
in
the
behalf
of
our selves
,
and
the
generalitie
of
laborious
Miners
,
who
have
no
other
subsistence
then
Providence
in
those
harmless
affairs
,
humbly
implore
your
Highness
confirmation
of
Mr.
Bushell's
Articles
without
his
personal
attendance
,
that
no
time
may
be
lost
in
such
an
honorable
concernment
;
since
his
active
diligence
in
that
Mineral
proceed
is
to
study
the
preservation
of
the
Poor's
livelihood
under
ground
,
as
well
as
the
riches
,
honor
and
profit
it
may
afford
to
the
Nation
by
this
his
invention
,
according
to
your
Highness
trust
reposed
in
him
for
that
purpose
,
as
appears
by
the
demonstrative
Reasons
of
his
Mineral
Overtures
.
The
Grand-Jury
for
the
Libertie
of
the
Castle
of
Richmond
upon
the
Forrest
of
Mendyp
.
-
Jo
.
Radford
Foreman
-
Will
.
Colliar
-
Jo
.
Spiring
-
Jo
.
Midell
-
Jo
.
Liget
-
Will
.
Ames
-
Roger
Tegg
-
Rich
.
Harris
-
Walter
Hoads
-
Will
Fry
-
Tho
.
Vowles
-
Mich
.
Curtis
-
Hen
.
Hutchins
-
Tho
.
Chapman
-
William
Barrell
-
John
Barrell
-
And.
Spirrin
-
Jo
.
Bates
-
Will
.
Bush
-
Jo
.
Haydon
-
Will
.
Haydon
-
Rich
.
Haydon
-
Will
.
Chyles
-
Rich
.
Filer
-
Geo
.
Filer
-
Jo
.
Canby
-
James
Tucker
-
Jo
.
Tucker
-
Na
.
Brown
-
Jo
.
Bary
-
Jo
.
Martin
-
James
Hyden
-
Andrew
Bath
-
Sam
.
Cox
-
Jo
.
Tegg
-
Tho
.
Blackman
-
Anth.
Eggesfield
-
Jo
.
Harris
.
The
Grand-Jury
for
the
Libertie
of
Charterhouse-Hydon
upon
the
Forrest
of
Mendyp
.
-
Robert
Radford
-
James
Brown
-
Mat
.
Chansler
-
Jo
.
Plumley
-
Peter
Herler
-
Leonard
Fox
-
Geo
.
Colse
-
Will
.
Bluning
-
Will
.
Tucker
-
Will
.
Lane
sen
.
-
Jo
.
Lane
-
Rich
.
Thomas
Clark
-
Will
.
Lane
jun
.
-
Geo
.
Whithead
-
Jo
.
Chansler
-
Fra
.
Ozer
-
Walter
Thutchen
-
Jo
.
Brock
-
Geo
.
Tucker
-
Will
.
Cole
-
Jo
.
Blackman
-
Tho
.
Blackman
-
Jo
.
Waker
-
Geo
.
Hoskins
.
Mr.
Basbee's
Affidavit
.
WAlter
Basbee
aged
about
eighty
years
,
maketh
oath
,
That
he
was
Saymaster
to
Goldsmiths
Hall
about
fifty
years
ago
,
and
vers'd
in
Minerals
ever
since
both
at
home
and
abroad
,
and
was
by
King
James
sent
to
the
Emperor
of
Russia
to
make
him
a
Standard
of
Gold
and
Silver
in
his
Mint
in
the
City
of
Moscovia
,
equivalent
to
the
Tower
of
London
;
And
no
sooner
was
that
service
performed
by
this
Deponent
,
but
his
Imperial
Majesty
commanded
him
to
refine
the
Gold
of
a
rich
Copper-mine
lying
in
Cyberea
,
five
hundred
miles
beyond
the
river
Volgo
,
which
held
of
Gold
in
every
Tun
to
the
value
of
three
,
four
,
or
five
hundred
pounds
;
where
this
Deponent
did
remain
until
he
was
taken
prisoner
by
the
Tartars
,
and
afterwards
exchanged
by
the
Emperor
to
be
sent
for
England
;
where
this
Deponent
hath
ever
since
spent
most
of
his
time
,
under
Mr.
Bushell's
Philosophical
way
,
taught
him
by
the
late
Lord
Chancellor
Bacon
,
which
(
in
the
judgment
of
this
Deponent
)
cannot
be
parallel'd
by
any
,
and
if
now
practised
according
to
his
printed
Remonstrance
,
and
the
Mineral
Grand-Jury's
Order
of
Chewton
,
this
Deponent
doth
verily
believe
that
the
Age
we
live
in
will
exceed
all
former
Ages
in
Mineral
Discoveries
and
their
Separations
.
Walter
Basbee
.
Sworne
the
7.
of
December
1658.
before
me
one
of
the
Masters
of
Chancery
in
ordinary
,
W.
Glascock
.
Christopher
Wright's
Affidavit
.
CHristopher
Wright
aged
fifty
six
years
maketh
oath
,
That
he
was
sent
by
Mr.
Joseph
Hexeter
of
Cumberland
to
be
in
the
same
place
of
Steward
for
direction
of
Mr.
Bushels
Minerals
under
ground
,
as
the
said
Mr.
Hexeter
was
under
him
in
Wales
at
100
l.
per
ann.
salary
:
And
finding
the
said
Mr.
Bushell
to
give
such
probable
reasons
for
recovering
the
inundation
of
water
out
of
the
vast
and
drowned
Works
of
Rowpits
,
by
persuing
a
Drift
as
a
Common-shore
,
from
the
Concaves
of
a
natural
swallow
twenty
fathom
deep
,
after
his
industrie
had
sunk
twenty
shafts
to
discover
the
same
,
on
purpose
to
come
to
the
rich
loads
of
metal
known
to
be
buried
in
the
adjacent
groves
of
water
:
This
Deponent
and
others
,
upon
confidence
of
making
good
his
great
undertakings
therein
(
although
his
judgment
was
then
much
questioned
by
the
Inhabitants
for
the
attempt
)
did
and
do
desire
but
half
wages
ever
since
the
Miners
of
Mendip
had
invited
the
said
Mr.
Bushell
under
their
hands
and
Decree
of
their
Court
,
to
have
half
the
profit
,
bearing
half
the
charge
,
after
the
water
was
drained
,
which
this
Deponent
doth
verily
believe
will
be
in
a
short
time
perfected
,
and
appear
for
precedent
sake
,
as
well
as
for
present
profit
,
the
greatest
work
that
hath
been
done
by
any
Mineralist
these
hundred
years
,
if
the
malicious
attempts
of
some
ill-natured
persons
do
not
now
hinder
the
growth
of
his
proceedings
therein
:
For
this
Deponent
doth
depose
,
that
by
some
wicked
persons
there
was
a
great
Lake
of
muddy
water
turned
about
the
hour
of
midnight
,
and
upon
a
great
flood
,
into
the
Swallow
,
on
purpose
as
is
conceived
to
choak
it
,
and
so
consequently
to
drown
his
men
that
came
from
forein
parts
,
and
were
then
working
twenty
fathom
deep
,
which
this
Deponent
doth
aver
were
forced
to
save
their
lives
by
running
up
their
grooves
at
the
same
time
,
the
swallow
being
not
able
to
receive
the
torrent
of
its
water
.
And
this
Deponent
doth
likewise
depose
,
That
about
the
10.
of
October
last
there
was
some
other
such
envious
person
who
pulled
down
so
much
of
the
undertimber
of
his
Shaft
,
that
the
whole
groove
of
earth
fell
into
Mr.
Bushels
Drift
,
when
his
men
were
at
work
underneath
;
and
it
was
supposed
by
divers
never
to
be
recovered
:
But
thanks
be
to
God
,
the
danger
is
past
,
and
Mr.
Bushels
Drift
goeth
on
towards
the
rich
works
known
to
lie
150
fathom
before
him
;
for
this
Deponent
was
one
of
the
workmen
that
landed
100l
100l
.
per
week
out
of
one
Shaft
this
last
summer
,
and
saw
200l
200l
.
per
week
out
of
another
;
but
the
charge
of
drawing
water
,
though
in
the
drought
of
summer
,
stood
(
as
they
reported
)
in
80
l.
per
week
apeece
,
which
Mr.
Bushels
Drift
will
prevent
;
and
likewise
to
1000
more
of
the
like
nature
as
are
supposed
to
be
within
the
verge
of
Rowpits
.
Christopher
Wright
.
Sworne
the
3.
of
December
1658.
before
me
one
of
the
Masters
of
Chancery
in
ordinary
,
W.
Glascock
.
The
Testimony
of
some
Miners
of
Mendyp
to
the
Council
.
WE
whose
names
are
hereunder
written
,
being
Miners
,
and
well
vers'd
in
the
Mineral
Rakes
of
Rowpits
upon
the
Forrest
of
Mendyp
,
are
ready
to
testifie
upon
oath
,
That
the
great
wrongs
done
to
the
works
of
Tho
.
Bushell
Esq
;
in
Rowpits
,
as
is
deposed
by
Christopher
Wright
before
a
Master
of
Chancery
,
are
of
a
certain
truth
;
And
we
are
likewise
ready
to
testifie
our
opinions
upon
oath
,
That
if
the
way
of
Mr.
Bushels
now
proceeding
to
recover
those
drowned
and
deserted
works
,
may
go
on
without
molestation
,
according
to
the
Orders
of
the
Grand
Jury
of
Chewton
made
for
his
encouragement
,
we
do
believe
in
our
consciences
that
there
hath
not
been
these
hundred
years
such
a
service
done
to
this
Commonwealth
,
in
advancing
the
knowledge
of
the
Miners
trade
,
for
profit
and
precedent
.
And
we
also
humbly
conceive
,
that
if
a
binding
Order
be
made
by
your
Lordships
to
confirm
(
●n
all
points
)
the
said
Grand
Jury
of
Chewton's
Orders
for
deferring
unrulie
Miners
from
such
exorbitancies
,
as
also
that
no
persons
should
lose
any
more
their
Summers
work
to
follow
the
Mines
of
Rowpits
(
which
are
now
to
no
more
purpose
in
matter
of
profit
,
then
to
wash
the
Blackmoor
)
until
Mr.
Bushels
Drift
can
come
up
to
drain
their
inundation
of
waters
,
which
(
as
we
find
exprest
in
his
Remonstrance
)
he
doth
undertake
to
perfect
in
four
years
;
and
we
do
verily
believe
,
that
not
only
all
the
Oar
may
be
then
landed
for
two
shillings
per
Tun
,
but
that
we
shall
then
also
know
the
inestimable
riches
of
that
place
without
further
charge
,
or
ruining
more
families
in
working
upon
Rowpits
.
And
we
do
also
confidently
believe
in
our
consciences
,
that
when
Mr.
Bushels
now
Drift
from
his
Swallow
doth
come
up
to
the
old
works
drowned
,
and
that
he
doth
pursue
likewise
his
Cross-Rake
from
his
Swallow
to
the
forebreast
of
Sir
Bevis
Bulmars
deserted
work
,
(
as
he
saith
he
intends
to
do
,
so
soon
as
he
hath
secured
the
place
according
to
agreement
,
and
the
Grand
Jury's
Order
of
Chewton
dated
the
28.
of
May
)
the
said
Mr.
Bushell
will
make
good
his
Marqus
of
a
Thousand
pounds
per
week
:
For
there
are
men
yet
alive
that
will
justifie
,
that
the
forebreast
of
Sir
Bevis
Bulmar's
work
was
nine
foot
wide
in
oar
;
and
we
our selves
know
,
that
a
hundred
pounds
per
week
out
of
one
Groove
in
the
old
work
is
ordinary
,
when
the
suffocation
of
water
doth
not
hinder
them
.
-
Jo
.
Bakehouse
-
Tho
.
Bakehouse
-
Jo
.
Doxie
.
Chewton
28
of
July
,
1658.
WHereas
wee
of
the
Mineral
grand
Jury
finding
by
a
decretal
Order
of
our
Predecessors
May
28
,
and
their
Letter
May
2
in
answer
of
Tho
.
Bushell's
Esq
;
to
incourage
him
to
go
on
in
his
adventures
for
recovering
the
drowned
works
of
Rowpits
,
which
were
formerly
the
deserted
works
of
Sir
Bevis
Bulmar
in
the
time
of
Q.
Eliz
.
Reign
.
And
whereas
many
of
the
chief
Adventurers
in
the
said
Rowpits
,
do
and
have
consented
to
surrender
not
only
the
one
half
of
their
works
and
Mines
there
,
but
likewise
the
preemption
of
the
other
half
,
paying
as
much
as
any
other
Merchant
willl
give
,
unto
the
said
Tho
.
Bushell
and
his
Assigns
,
when
the
said
Tho
.
Bushell
doth
make
it
appear
unto
the
Minerall
Court
for
the
time
being
,
that
by
his
and
their
workmanship
they
be
freed
from
the
inundation
of
their
waters
.
Wee
of
the
grand
Jury
do
Order
and
confirm
the
said
Decree
.
And
whereas
wee
find
the
said
Tho
.
Bushell
hath
(
in
relation
to
his
undertakings
of
recovering
their
waters
)
brought
it
so
near
a
probability
of
perfection
,
that
in
time
all
persons
of
known
Judgement
cannot
but
conclude
the
same
will
be
done
for
the
general
good
of
those
that
had
formerly
suffered
by
those
Grooves
,
and
likewise
a
president
for
others
to
follow
the
like
example
,
as
also
the
certainty
of
knowing
the
vast
riches
that
lie
in
Rowpits
and
Green
Oare
:
And
whereas
wee
are
informed
by
the
said
Tho
.
Bushell
and
others
,
of
several
misdemeanors
committed
against
him
by
turning
floods
into
his
swallow
,
to
choak
and
extirpate
all
his
proceedings
,
stealing
of
his
tooles
from
his
works
,
depraving
of
his
Person
with
scandalous
language
,
and
making
new
pitches
in
Rowpits
before
him
,
so
soon
as
they
saw
the
forefield
of
Mr.
Bushell's
Drift
from
his
Swallow
had
but
a
vein
of
ground
Oare
,
4
foot
wide
;
and
3
fathom
high
to
cherish
his
chargeable
undertakings
,
which
uncivill
actions
of
theirs
were
as
we
conceive
contrary
to
all
equity
and
good
conscience
;
and
in
a
manner
an
Act
of
syranny
in
us
,
that
Mr.
Bushell
should
drain
our
waters
;
and
wee
should
suffer
strangers
to
take
the
benefit
of
new
pitches
from
his
adventures
,
to
recover
such
drowned
and
forsaken
works
as
the
greatest
Engineer
hath
deserted
,
when
all
persons
have
the
whole
Hill
of
Mendyp
to
make
their
fortunes
by
such
pitches
,
as
he
alledgeth
,
and
not
to
discourage
his
desperate
undertakings
therein
by
such
malitious
practices
,
and
especially
to
such
a
person
as
Mr.
Bushell●
that
is
sent
by
his
Highness
the
Lord
Protector
,
to
recover
such
drowned
and
deserted
works
for
the
publick
good
of
the
Nation
,
with
power
to
dig
,
delve
,
and
search
in
the
several
grounds
of
all
his
Territories
by
Letters
Patents
,
paying
double
trespass
,
aswell
as
in
all
vast
Commons
,
upon
hopes
from
such
experiments
to
ease
in
time
the
Taxes
of
the
Subject
,
and
to
give
new
birth
to
the
drooping
condition
of
a
Miners
profession
;
Wee
of
the
grand
Jury
of
Chewton
(
and
other
Workmasters
and
Miners
)
for
the
reasons
aforesaid
,
and
for
preventing
any
just
complaints
to
t●e
Lord
Paramount
against
our
Lord
Royall's
Court
of
Chewton
for
such
incivilities
to
the
person
which
his
Highness
hath
trusted
in
that
affair
,
do
Order
and
make
this
Decree
(
for
the
said
Tho
.
Bushell's
better
incouragement
)
That
from
the
day
of
the
date
of
the
Order
May
28
,
all
such
new
pitches
shall
be
void
in
Rowpits
and
Green
oare
,
but
such
as
the
said
Tho
.
Bushell
shall
approve
and
allow
of
;
and
that
all
former
works
that
have
been
wrought
upon
within
these
5
years
,
and
sunk
5
fathom
deep
,
to
stand
good
by
consent
,
provided
that
they
keep
them
lawful
,
and
sink
them
to
the
water
,
when
the
said
Tho
.
Bushell
is
come
near
them
with
his
Drift
of
16
fathom
deep
by
the
approbation
of
this
grand
Jury
,
that
so
the
wilfulness
of
any
malitious
person
might
not
hinder
such
a
proceed
to
know
the
Meanders
of
those
Mineral
Rakes
in
their
deepor
search
,
and
the
way
to
go
to
their
recoveries
,
for
their
own
good
aswell
as
Mr.
Bushell's
reputation
in
the
attempt
of
that
great
design
.
And
whereas
the
said
Tho
.
Bushell
doth
aver
,
that
he
never
did
intend
to
make
it
a
Mine-Royall
by
his
Art
and
Skill
(
to
the
prejudice
of
us
,
our
Laws
and
Liberties
)
as
it
was
reported
,
unless
it
were
against
the
interest
of
some
cross-grain'd
scurrilous
fellow
,
that
will
not
be
governed
by
our
own
grand
Jury
,
but
rather
contest
with
his
Highness
right
to
Rowpits
,
and
bids
defiance
to
prerogative
Power
,
or
are
back'd
by
a
malitious
faction
that
would
hinder
the
growth
of
the
Lord
Chancellor
Bacons
Philosophy
in
recovering
the
same
for
the
glory
of
the
Nation
these
considerations
,
and
at
our
request
to
him
upon
the
aforesaid
agreement
that
he
would
shew
his
quondam
Masters
Philosophy
for
recovering
Rowpits
and
Green
oare
from
their
inundations
of
water
,
which
is
well
known
to
us
to
be
rich
in
the
treasures
of
Ledd
,
and
to
free
other
works
of
greater
moment
from
their
contagious
damps
,
that
now
lie
deserted
,
on
purpose
that
the
overplus
of
their
revenew
,
proceeding
from
such
a
deplorable
condition
,
and
raised
by
the
hand
of
Providence
and
Industry
,
might
go
(
as
Mr.
Bushell
did
likewise
aver
,
upon
the
word
of
a
Gentleman
)
to
charitable
uses
of
discovering
richer
Mettals
exprest
in
his
late
Remonstrance
to
his
Highness
,
aswell
as
by
his
late
Will
and
Testament
,
for
the
first
fruits
thereof
to
ledd
the
Tower
and
Schoole
in
the
Church
of
Wells
.
Wee
of
the
grand
Jury
do
likewise
make
this
Order
and
Decree
,
That
if
any
misdemeanor
as
aforesaid
,
shall
be
proved
to
be
done
against
the
said
Tho
.
Bushell
,
his
Agents
,
Servants
,
or
works
,
such
are
not
only
to
be
banished
the
occupation
upon
Mendyp
,
but
wee
do
humbly
implore
his
Highness
to
send
them
to
the
Mines
of
Jamaica
,
that
they
may
not
infect
others
,
nor
bring
by
their
exorbitant
corses
more
scandall
upon
the
whole
profession
of
a
Miners
innocent
calling
;
since
we
are
satisfied
in
our
consciences
,
that
the
way
of
Mr.
Bushell's
Mineral
proceedings
,
will
in
this
Age
bring
wonderfull
things
to
pass
,
and
be
admired
in
the
next
,
for
the
glory
of
the
Nation
,
And
especially
when
as
the
said
Tho
.
Bushell
doth
aver
that
he
wil
transport
all
his
rich
Western
Mines
,
lying
upon
the
Sea-side
,
which
are
or
shall
be
discovered
in
Wales
,
Devon
,
Cornwall
and
Ireland
,
unto
the
Port
or
Haven
at
Uphill
,
to
receive
their
true
separations
according
to
the
Lord
Chancellor
Bacons
Philosophy
,
and
so
to
be
minted
in
the
adjacent
City
of
Wells
for
satisfying
all
returns
aswell
as
to
pay
the
Miner
with
his
own
Coyn
,
and
(
without
any
further
salary
then
in
one
place
)
to
pay
the
whole
of
that
Commerce
.
Jo
.
Radford
Foreman
of
the
Mineral
Grand
Jury
there
,
with
his
fellows
.
-
Walter
Webb
.
-
Richard
Franke
.
-
Richard
Adams
.
-
Jahn
Phelps
.
-
Thomas
Younge
.
-
William
Dowling
.
-
Alexandor
Cuer
.
-
William
Hopkins
-
Jonas
Lexstond
.
-
John
House
.
-
Richard
Ayrer
.
A
Table
setting
forth
the
manner
of
that
great
Philosopher
the
Lord
Chancelor
Bacons
searching
for
Mettals
by
making
Addits
through
the
lowest
Level
of
Hills
or
Mountains
,
and
conveying
Aire
into
the
innermost
parts
of
their
Center
by
Pipe
and
Bellows
;
as
well
as
by
Art
to
mollifie
the
hardest
Stone
,
without
the
tedious
way
and
inestimable
charge
of
sinking
Aery
Shafts
;
and
is
now
intended
to
be
put
in
practice
by
his
Menial
Servant
Thomas
Bushel
,
on
Hingston-Down
,
and
other
places
,
according
to
his
Lordships
command
,
and
the
approbation
of
that
great
Mineralist
,
Sir
Francis
Godolphin
.
FIrst
,
the
true
description
of
Hingston
down
,
lieth
in
Longitude
East
and
West
five
Miles
,
with
Millions
of
Shafts
that
have
been
visibly
Sunk
upon
several
loads
of
Mettall
,
by
the
Romans
,
Danes
,
Saxons
,
Jews
,
and
Britans
,
And
is
in
breadth
700
Fathom
,
at
the
Basis
lying
North
and
South
,
as
well
as
in
depth
200
Fathom
from
the
Beacon
Perpendicular
to
the
Center
of
that
Addit
now
intended
.
The
reason
why
I
undertake
a
work
of
this
nature
,
and
in
these
parts
,
is
as
followeth
;
FIrst
,
a
gratefull
Ambition
to
answer
his
Highness
Heroick
trust
reposed
in
me
to
discover
this
Nations
Mineral
Treasure
.
Secondly
,
my
obliged
fidelity
to
my
Lord
Chancellor
Bacon
,
to
practice
this
his
Philosophical
invention
,
for
the
General
good
;
and
in
particular
to
give
new
birth
to
the
drooping
conditions
of
my
fellow
Pupills
,
the
poor
Miners
drowned
and
deserted
works
.
Thirdly
,
my
Cordial
desire
to
serve
these
Western
parts
with
the
benefit
of
so
usefull
a
president
,
I
having
already
practised
the
same
in
Wales
and
found
the
fruitfull
effects
thereof
.
Secondly
,
the
reasons
why
I
begin
my
Addit
or
Aqueducts
from
Small-Coome
and
Hooke-Coome
,
to
meet
underneath
the
Beacon
at
the
aforesaid
Center
,
is
;
FIrst
,
for
that
by
mine
own
experience
,
I
found
not
any
of
our
Predecessors
to
search
lower
then
40
Fathom
.
So
that
I
am
confidently
assured
that
cutting
North
and
South
thorough
the
aforesaid
700
Fathom
,
I
shall
command
all
the
Loads
,
Rakes
,
and
Veins
of
Mettal
in
that
Hill
;
and
how
probable
then
it
may
be
to
discover
another
Indies
out
of
the
drowned
and
deserted
works
of
our
Nation
by
this
example
,
I
shall
leave
to
the
rational
Judgments
of
them
who
are
practitioners
in
those
affairs
;
Especially
whether
these
mine
endeavors
will
not
give
much
hopes
to
verifie
the
old
Proverb
,
Hingston-down
well
wrought
,
is
worth
London
town
dearly
bought
.
For
if
the
riches
of
those
Groves
in
40
Fathom
sinking
,
hath
occasioned
the
aforesaid
proverb
,
as
well
as
the
inundation
of
water
hath
caused
them
to
desert
from
their
Mineral
profit
,
it
cannot
be
denied
by
common
sense
,
or
rules
of
reason
,
this
Addit
undermining
most
of
the
said
works
150
Fathom
,
and
then
ascending
up
into
their
several
loads
of
Metal
,
to
drain
the
waters
in
their
old
Groves
,
but
that
it
carries
the
fairest
encouragement
of
probable
conjecture
to
make
good
the
true
riches
of
the
old
proverb
of
Hingston
down
,
in
this
age
of
ours
.
The
reason
why
I
use
Pipe
and
Bellows
,
is
,
FIrst
,
to
convey
Aire
into
the
innermost
part
of
my
Addit
without
the
sinking
of
Airy
shafts
,
and
preventing
the
vast
expence
and
tediousness
of
time
,
which
caused
our
Forefathers
being
ignorant
of
this
invention
,
to
leave
such
supposed
riches
of
hidden
Treasure
to
us
their
posterity
.
The
reason
why
I
make
my
Addit
or
Aqueducts
open
150
Fathom
at
each
end
,
is
,
FIrst
,
to
facilitate
the
dispatch
of
300
Fathom
of
the
700
the
first
year
,
by
the
reason
of
the
multitude
of
hands
that
may
be
set
on
work
,
which
will
not
be
admitted
if
close
,
and
likewise
it
being
the
shallowest
place
of
the
Hill
,
it
will
require
but
the
same
expence
.
Secondly
,
that
the
close
Addit
may
be
but
in
length
400
Fathom
of
the
700
and
to
shorten
likewise
the
drift
of
the
same
in
point
of
time
,
I
begin
my
Addits
at
each
end
of
my
open
Trench
as
Counterdrifts
to
meet
each
other
;
And
so
consequently
the
whole
will
be
dispatched
in
half
the
time
;
And
therefore
you
may
rest
assured
that
I
have
so
maturely
calculated
the
ways
and
means
,
not
only
of
this
great
work
at
Hingston-down
,
but
also
of
that
of
Coom-Martin
in
Devon
,
Guinop
in
Cornwal
,
and
Mendyp
in
Summerset
,
that
I
doubt
not
,
but
in
four
years
to
set
a
period
to
all
expectations
,
if
God
permit
,
and
I
have
the
honor
of
your
wellwishes
.
The
reason
why
I
do
not
willingly
desire
any
Partner
but
Providence
,
in
this
great
enterprize
,
is
,
FIrst
,
because
I
have
had
already
the
experience
of
some
Partners
,
and
found
the
fruits
of
Providence
to
assist
me
more
when
they
did
ever
decline
the
Mineral
design
,
then
when
I
had
compliance
with
their
several
purses
,
which
made
me
call
to
mind
his
Lordships
frequent
observation
,
that
many
partners
in
the
publick
acts
of
Mineral
adventures
,
where
greediness
of
gain
had
more
rule
in
their
hearts
,
then
to
illustrate
the
Creators
glory
,
became
usually
the
sad
Elogie
of
misfortune
,
and
disencouragement
to
others
.
Besides
,
one
tenth
part
must
be
solely
dedicated
to
prosecute
the
like
works
in
the
other
20
Mountains
marked
out
by
the
aforesaid
Lord
,
and
that
great
Mineralist
Sir
Francis
Godolphin
,
who
both
subscribed
it
under
their
hands
,
to
be
the
most
harmless
gain
,
and
greatest
good
to
a
Common-wealth
,
the
choicest
study
and
endeavors
of
the
best
bred
persons
in
other
Nations
;
and
the
most
Honorable
Imployment
this
world
was
capable
of
.
Lastly
,
Because
I
conceive
all
Mines
were
created
for
Mans
use
,
and
Gods
glory
,
but
in
what
Age
to
be
revealed
,
or
by
whom
,
is
only
known
to
the
Searcher
of
all
hearts
,
who
can
best
judge
of
mine
,
and
my
designed
ends
.
And
what
person
then
of
an
ingenuous
spirit
that
is
not
impoisoned
with
envie
,
will
bear
unfriendly
thoughts
to
those
that
search
after
such
subterranean
treasure
at
their
own
charge
,
for
the
good
and
honor
of
their
native
Country
,
and
which
in
a
manner
is
presented
unto
them
by
the
hands
of
God
?
May
it
please
your
Lordships
.
WE
in
all
humbleness
make
bold
to
certifie
your
Honors
,
that
Mr.
Bushels
way
of
Mineral
proceed
to
undermine
the
waters
of
drowned
and
deserted
Works
,
is
,
as
we
humbly
conceive
,
of
such
high
concernment
for
the
honor
and
profit
of
this
Nation
,
as
we
confidently
believe
before
our
Lady
day
next
,
he
will
crown
his
labors
with
store
of
hidden
Treasure
out
of
the
Works
now
in
Rowpits
,
and
be
inabled
,
though
at
present
poor
in
purse
,
to
put
on
all
his
other
Works
of
the
West
;
without
any
Partnership
but
Providence
to
assist
his
Industry
,
which
we
find
by
his
daily
expression
,
to
be
his
sole
ambition
of
gratitude
for
his
Highness
trusting
him
in
that
Affair
,
and
in
obedience
to
his
old
Masters
commands
the
Lord
Chancellor
Bacon
,
for
the
service
of
his
Country
in
those
particulars
.
Valent
.
Trime
,
Steward
of
Chewton
Liberty
wherein
Rowpits
is
.
-
Alexander
Jet
.
-
Christ
.
Wright
.
-
Ja.
Middleham
.
-
Rob.
Hill
.
-
John
Ford
.
-
Ralph
Conyers
.
-
Hen
.
Baron
.
-
Valent
.
Powel
.
-
Tho
.
Nixton
.
-
Rich
.
Frier
senior
.
-
Rich
Frier
junior
.
-
Robert
Hole
.
-
Richard
Vigor
.
-
Wil.
Smith
Mayor
.
-
Tho
.
White
Recorder
-
Tho
.
Salmon
Justice
.
-
William
Walrond
.
-
George
Bampfield
.
-
Tho
:
Coward
.
-
Wil.
Morgan
Esquirs
.
Mr
Bushels
PETITION
to
the
late
KING
.
TO
THE
Kings
most
excellent
Majesty
.
The
humble
Petition
of
THOMAS
BUSHEL
Your
Majesties
Servant
,
Most
humbly
sheweth
,
THAT
whereas
your
Royal
Father
of
ever
blessed
memory
,
who
was
truly
stiled
the
King
of
Peace
,
and
mirror
of
mercy
to
the
sparing
of
life
and
bloud
,
was
graciously
pleased
,
for
saving
the
lives
of
such
malefactors
as
were
condemned
to
death
by
the
Law
for
petty
fellonies
,
being
such
as
were
not
any
scandal
to
the
Church
or
State
,
not
had
imbrewed
their
hands
in
bloud
,
to
admit
their
transportation
to
the
East-India
and
Virginia
Companies
,
for
furtherance
of
their
plantations
.
In
which
action
,
doubtless
,
he
did
also
cast
his
eyes
upon
the
warrantable
proceedings
and
presidents
of
other
most
famous
Princes
in
the
like
kind
,
as
the
late
Queen
Elizabeth
,
who
built
certain
Gallies
of
purpose
for
imployment
of
such
kind
of
offenders
,
of
strong
and
able
bodies
,
as
might
attend
her
memorable
designs
at
Sea
,
especially
upon
all
sudden
and
resolute
enterprizes
,
it
being
the
usual
course
of
other
Christian
Princes
,
as
the
King
of
Spain
,
both
for
the
supply
of
his
Gallies
against
the
Turks
and
Moores
,
and
especially
for
the
inlargement
of
his
Indian
Mines
of
Gold
,
Silver
,
Quicksilver
,
and
the
like
,
and
his
conquests
of
Molocco
,
Goa
,
Ormus
,
and
other
rich
and
populous
Ilands
.
The
King
of
France
for
his
Gallies
at
Marsellis
.
The
State
of
Venice
.
The
Duke
of
Florence
,
who
by
such
kind
of
saved
Offenders
built
Ligorn
(
one
of
the
most
famous
Sea-ports
within
the
Straits
.
)
In
all
which
States
and
Services
,
divers
of
these
malefactors
,
by
good
incouragements
have
sought
,
not
so
much
by
surviving
,
as
by
their
incredible
labours
,
effecting
matters
otherwise
held
invincible
,
to
obliterate
their
former
ignominies
by
merit
of
rewards
.
And
whereas
in
this
your
Majesties
populous
Kingdom
,
too
many
such
offenders
are
most
untimely
cut
off
in
their
best
abilities
of
service
,
so
is
there
within
the
pale
of
this
Your
Kingdom
,
and
without
any
occasion
of
Sea
,
or
forein
service
,
means
of
imployment
for
such
persons
,
to
redeem
their
lost
reputation
,
by
indeavouring
to
doe
faithfull
service
for
their
Countries
honour
,
and
the
Kingdoms
good
,
in
that
happy
work
,
begun
by
Your
Sacred
Majesty
,
for
the
better
discovery
of
Your
Silver
Mines
.
His
most
humble
sute
therefore
is
,
that
you
would
be
pleased
out
of
all
these
weighty
considerations
and
beneficial
consequences
,
tending
so
much
to
your
Honor
,
Crown
and
Dignity
,
and
good
of
the
Common-wealth
,
to
grant
Your
Majesties
commission
,
(
if
it
may
be
thought
fit
by
the
advice
of
Your
High
and
Honourable
Court
of
Parliament
)
for
the
choosing
of
such
several
persons
out
of
the
prisons
of
this
your
Kingdome
,
as
are
,
and
shall
be
condemned
for
small
offences
,
and
of
able
serviceable
bodies
,
by
the
approbation
of
Your
Judges
,
and
shall
implore
Your
Majesties
mercy
,
to
be
imployed
by
your
said
Subject
in
the
Works
of
your
Mines-Royal
,
they
giving
security
for
their
good
behaviour
,
with
such
limitation
of
time
,
and
allowance
for
their
sustentation
,
as
to
Your
Majesties
said
High
Court
of
Parliament
shall
be
thought
fit
,
that
by
their
dutifull
and
laborious
performance
therein
,
they
may
afterwards
come
into
the
happinesse
of
your
Majesties
pardon
of
Grace
for
their
former
offence●
,
And
your
Petitioner
shall
ever
rest
,
&c.
The
Speech
of
the
late
Bishop
of
Worcester
(
near
his
death
)
to
Mr.
Bushell
,
concerning
the
two
rich
Mines
by
him
discovered
.
Mr.
Bushell
,
YOur
own
eyes
see
how
near
I
am
to
the
dwelling
of
death
,
by
my
gray
hairs
which
are
the
true
Records
of
fourscore
and
fourteen
years
of
age
,
next
my
limbs
which
have
no
more
strength
,
than
those
that
are
lap'd
in
the
Sepulchre
of
their
winding
sheet
,
only
my
intellectual
parts
are
yet
preserved
,
to
ascribe
God
the
glory
,
and
to
disclose
the
secrets
of
two
rich
Mines
,
the
one
holding
some
quantity
of
Gold
worth
the
extracting
,
the
other
in
Silver
worth
the
Refining
;
to
your
trust
and
fidelity
,
with
a
confidence
that
your
charity
cannot
conceive
me
guilty
,
of
betraying
your
judgement
with
an
imaginary
treasure
,
when
my
Soul
and
Body
are
so
near
the
approach
of
death
,
as
I
must
suddainly
give
an
account
in
the
other
World
;
besides
,
I
have
taken
upon
me
,
the
calling
of
a
spiritual
profession
,
and
have
this
day
received
the
Sacrament
,
as
a
pledge
of
my
redemption
,
which
I
trust
are
sufficient
motives
,
to
believe
truth
from
a
dying
mans
tongue
,
who
hath
no
other
end
,
than
that
the
hopefulnesse
of
such
riches
,
may
not
be
buried
by
my
dissolution
,
but
that
the
honour
and
profit
thereof
might
redownd
to
his
Majesty
,
and
his
royal
posterity
,
as
a
living
and
loyal
remembrance
of
his
Princely
favours
to
tree
and
mine
.
To
our
Dread
Soveraign
Lord
the
KINGS
most
Excellent
MAJESTY
.
May
it
please
your
Majesty
,
WEE
doe
most
humbly
and
thankfully
acknowledge
,
that
your
Majesties
vouchsafing
to
this
your
Principality
the
trust
of
a
branch
of
your
Royal
Mint
,
is
an
honour
that
neither
our
Ancestors
nor
our selves
durst
wish
for
;
and
we
do
as
humbly
and
as
thankfully
acknowledge
and
confesse
,
that
by
it
you
have
not
only
honoured
us
more
,
than
any
of
your
Royal
predecessors
;
but
have
thereby
offered
us
the
means
to
enrich
our selves
,
to
the
making
of
us
happier
than
our
fathers
,
in
freeing
us
from
the
cares
and
fears
that
hindred
us
from
diving
into
these
Mountains
that
promise
a
masse
of
treasure
.
For
be
pleased
to
know
,
that
before
your
Majesty
vouchsafed
unto
us
this
great
favour
,
we
were
fearful
to
adventure
far
into
the
mountains
,
because
we
had
far
to
send
before
we
could
make
the
silver
current
,
that
we
should
at
charge
recover
.
Nor
was
our
care
of
carriage
and
recarriage
the
least
hinderance
to
our
proceedings
,
from
all
which
,
by
your
Majesties
goodnesse
,
and
the
endeavours
of
your
industrious
and
faithful
servant
Thomas
Bushel
,
we
are
happily
freed
;
for
which
favour
,
we
whose
names
are
hereunto
subscribed
in
the
behalfe
of
all
the
inhabitants
of
this
your
Principality
of
WALES
,
doe
render
all
humble
and
hearty
thanks
,
and
for
them
,
and
our selves
,
doe
hereby
promise
to
Your
sacred
Majesty
,
that
we
will
doe
our
utmost
endeavours
,
to
finde
out
that
measure
,
which
wee
be
leeve
God
and
Nature
from
the
Creation
hath
preserved
for
your
Majestyes
use
;
that
thereby
we
may
approve
our selves
your
Majesties
loyal
and
most
obedient
Subjects
,
and
humble
Servants
.
-
Thomas
Milward
Knight
,
-
Chiefe
Iustice
of
Chester
.
-
Marmaduke
LLoyd
Knight
.
-
Richard
Price
K.
Baronet
.
-
Iames
Price
Knight
.
-
Sampson
Eure
Knight
.
-
Iohn
Lewis
Knight
.
-
Timothy
Turner
Esq
;
-
L.
Littleton
Esq
;
-
Walter
LLoyd
Esq
;
-
Thomas
Price
Esq
;
-
Robert
Corbet
Esq
;
-
Evan
Gwin
Esq
;
-
Morgan
Herbert
Esq
;
-
Iohn
Vaughan
Esq
;
-
Vincent
Corbet
Esq
;
-
Humfrey
Greene
Esq
;
-
Iohn
LLoyd
Esq
;
-
David
LLoyd
ap
Reighnald
Esq
;
-
Thomas
Phillips
Esq
;
-
Iohn
Edmund
Esq
;
-
Hugh
LLoyd
Gentlem
.
-
David
Rees
Gent
.
-
Iohn
Bowen
Gent
.
-
William
Watkin
Gent
.
-
Iohn
Meredith
Gent
.
-
Iames
Kegitt
Gent
.
A
Certificate
from
the
Miners
presented
to
the
Right
Honourable
,
the
Lords
and
other
of
his
Majesties
most
Honourable
Privy
Councel
.
May
it
please
your
Lordships
,
ACcording
to
your
commands
,
Wee
whose
names
are
under
written
,
being
Miners
,
Smelters
,
Refiners
,
Carryers
,
Washers
,
an
Monyers
belonging
to
his
Majesties
Mines
Royal
,
in
the
County
of
Cardigan
,
in
all
humility
do
certifie
of
our
certain
knowledge
and
experience
,
concerning
the
new
works
lately
discovered
by
Gods
providence
to
Thomas
Bushell
Esquire
,
Farmer
of
his
Majesties
Mines-Royal
in
these
parts
,
that
the
said
Master
Bushell
at
his
inestimable
charge
,
having
cut
six
hundred
Fathome
through
the
Rock
at
the
lowest
levels
,
North
and
South
,
for
discovering
the
lost
veine
of
Cum-sum
lock
,
lying
East
and
West
,
two
hundred
Fathome
through
the
Mountain
of
Tallibont
at
sixty
Fathome
perpendicular
,
three
several
Addits
at
Koginenn
,
one
above
another
twenty
and
thirty
Fathome
center
,
another
at
the
Darren
,
to
come
under
the
Romans
work
,
at
an
hundred
Fathom
center
,
another
at
Bryn
Lloyd
fifty
Fathom
in
length
,
and
thirty
Fathom
center
,
working
day
and
night
for
the
Drayning
of
the
water
,
which
formerly
in
the
time
of
Customer
Smith
,
and
Sir
Hugh
Middleton
in
their
working
of
the
Mines
Royall
was
never
used
,
they
only
working
upon
the
Superficies
of
the
Earth
,
the
works
being
drowned
with
water
before
they
could
sink
to
the
best
of
the
vein
,
both
for
quantity
and
quality
,
and
so
the
charge
made
to
exceed
the
benefit
,
which
danger
is
prevented
by
the
aforesaid
Addits
,
and
the
Royall
Mines
become
more
hopeful
,
especially
by
the
assistance
of
his
Majesties
Mint
,
for
the
speedy
payment
of
all
those
that
are
imployed
in
the
said
works
,
and
Mr.
Bushels
own
invention
to
save
Wood
,
by
reducing
the
Ore
into
Lead
,
and
Silver
,
with
Turffe
and
Sea-cole
Charked
,
which
happy
invention
,
had
it
not
been
found
out
,
the
works
must
needs
have
been
left
unwrought
,
the
Country
not
able
to
have
supplied
necessary
fewell
.
And
further
,
by
the
prohibition
of
transporting
Ore
unwrought
,
that
holdeth
silver
worth
the
refining
,
which
His
Majesty
in
his
Princely
wisdom
saw
to
be
very
prejudicial
,
even
to
the
utter
overthrow
of
his
Mines-Royall
.
We
have
therefore
great
reason
to
be
confident
that
his
way
of
Working
,
with
the
restraint
of
transporting
Ore
,
will
in
short
time
greatly
increase
the
Bullion
of
this
Kingdom
,
for
the
honour
of
the
King
,
and
good
of
the
Common-wealth
,
together
with
the
employment
of
many
hundred
poor
people
,
which
would
be
otherwise
an
unsupportable
burthen
to
this
barren
Country
,
who
by
rheir
present
labour
in
these
Mines
are
able
to
subsist
with
their
Family
,
and
thousands
more
might
be
daily
set
on
work
if
Mr.
Bushels
undertakings
in
the
Mines-Royall
may
be
confirmed
for
a
certain
time
by
this
present
High
Court
of
Parliament
.
Miners
.
-
David
Fowles
.
-
William
Rashly
.
-
Henry
Cockler
.
-
David
Bebb
.
-
Ioseph
Iefferies
.
-
George
Turner
.
-
Robert
Lowning
.
-
Thomas
Fletcher
.
-
David
Evans
.
-
George
Dixon
.
-
Hugh
Mason
.
-
David
ap
Richard
.
-
David
Loyd
.
-
David
Williams
,
-
Henry
Emblin
.
-
Maurice
Taylor
.
-
Iohn
Emblin
,
-
Edward
Reece
.
-
Hugh
Reece
.
-
William
Davids
.
-
George
Scotsmer
.
-
Thomas
Brickhead
.
-
Will
.
Griffith
.
-
Peter
Baltiser
.
-
Francis
Pierce
.
-
Maurice
Lewis
.
-
Peter
Edriser
.
-
Edward
Blewys
.
-
Rob.
Emblin
.
-
Rob.
Tailor
.
-
David
Iinkins
.
-
Ioseph
Acherson
.
-
Tho
.
Blewys
.
-
Michael
Sanders
.
-
Morgan
Williams
.
-
Tho
.
Clocker
.
-
Tho
.
Greene
.
-
Barthol
.
Clocker
.
-
Francis
Fisher
.
-
Hugh
Benn
.
-
Iohn
Mason
.
-
George
Tickle
.
-
Iohn
Mason
.
-
Iohn
Fisher
.
-
Edmund
Poole
.
-
Edw
.
Bebb
.
-
Iohn
Mason
sen
.
-
Will
.
Ficharets
.
-
Evan
Thomas
.
-
Iohn
Harris
.
-
Will
.
Tyson
.
-
Watkin
Reece
.
-
Iohn
Smith
.
-
Morgan
Pritchet
.
-
Griffith
Iohn
.
-
Will
.
Reece
.
-
Iohn
Tuddar
.
-
Iohn
Huson
.
-
Philip
Benn
.
-
Thomas
Iames
.
With
two
Hundred
more
,
whom
for
brevity
we
omit
to
name
.
Moniers
.
-
Henry
Such
.
-
Iohn
Corbet
.
-
Richard
Arnold
.
Refiners
.
-
Iohn
Estopp
.
-
David
Estopp
.
-
Samuel
Iohnson
.
-
Edw
.
Gibbon
.
-
Thomas
Parker
.
-
Arthur
Elissa
.
Smelters
.
-
Thomas
Botham
.
-
Hugh
Iames
.
-
Griffith
Evans
.
-
Iohn
Watkin
.
-
Iinkin
Owen
.
-
Iohn
Epslie
.
-
Iohn
Evans
.
-
Iohn
Lewes
.
-
Iames
Meredith
.
Washers
.
-
Iohn
Wringe
.
-
Morgan
Iohn
Lewis
.
-
Davy
Iohn
.
-
Iohn
Iinkins
.
-
Morgan
Griff
.
Iohn
.
-
Edmund
Symons
.
-
Reece
Morgan
.
-
Charles
Williams
.
-
Thomas
Adams
;
To
the
Right
Honourable
the
Lords
and
others
of
his
Majesties
most
Honourable
Privy
Councill
.
ACcording
to
Your
Honours
command
we
have
enquired
and
considered
how
the
Mines-Royal
were
left
to
Mr.
Bushell
by
the
Lady
Middleton
,
and
do
in
all
humility
declare
,
that
the
silver
Mines
were
not
worth
the
working
,
untill
Mr.
Bushell
at
his
great
charge
discovered
Rich
Ore
in
the
adjacent
mountains
,
which
in
all
likelihood
will
both
increase
the
Bullion
,
and
by
his
way
of
working
,
in
short
time
give
his
Majesty
a
true
tryal
what
the
invaluable
riches
of
these
His
Welsh
mountains
are
:
for
whereas
the
Mines
in
these
parts
were
formerly
wrought
by
Pumps
,
and
so
growing
deep
were
left
drowned
with
water
;
Mr.
Bushell
cuts
through
the
main
Rocks
,
at
the
lowest
levell
,
to
an
hundred
farhom
perpendicular
,
according
to
the
German
manner
of
working
,
which
though
chargeable
,
yet
certain
,
having
four
several
Addits
which
he
continueth
driving
day
and
night
into
four
several
mountains
;
his
industry
also
hath
outstript
former
times
,
for
by
melting
the
poor
fufible
Ore
,
with
the
Rich
,
he
produceth
a
third
part
more
of
silver
with
the
same
charge
:
and
for
accommodating
the
works
with
all
materials
fit
for
Mines-Royal
,
he
hath
spared
no
cost
about
repairing
the
mils
,
hath
also
built
in
his
Majesties
Castle
of
Aberystwith
a
fair
Mint
,
hath
contracted
with
Merchants
of
our
own
and
other
Nations
to
supply
the
p
oples
necessity
with
Corn
and
other
provisions
,
and
payeth
the
Miners
and
carriers
at
the
Scales
,
and
doubteth
not
to
make
them
able
Pyoners
,
and
fit
Souldiers
to
do
his
Majesty
and
their
Country
service
upon
any
assault
of
an
enemy
.
All
which
we
commend
to
your
Honourable
consideration
,
praying
,
&c.
Your
Lordships
humbly
to
be
commanded
-
Ioseph
Hexsteter
,
chief
Steward
of
the
Mines
-
Samuel
Reynish
,
Assay
Masters
of
the
Mint
.
-
Water
Barkesby
,
Assay
Masters
of
the
Mint
.
-
Humphrey
Owen
,
Clark
of
the
Mines
.
Die
Sabbati
14.
Aug.
1641.
WHereas
this
House
hath
been
informed
,
that
Thomas
Bushell
Esquire
,
undertaker
of
his
Majesties
Mines-Royal
in
the
County
of
Cardigan
,
by
his
great
charge
and
industry
in
cutting
Addits
hath
gained
His
Majesties
old
drowned
and
forsaken
works
of
Tallybont
,
and
other
works
,
And
made
new
discoveries
of
Royal
Mines
there
,
which
are
already
very
considerable
;
And
whereas
divers
persons
of
quality
encouraged
by
his
Majesties
Letters
to
them
directed
,
do
intend
to
adventure
great
sums
of
money
in
the
said
works
,
which
in
time
(
if
well
incouraged
)
may
prove
of
great
consequence
,
both
for
Honour
and
Profit
to
His
Majesty
and
the
Kingdome
.
And
whereas
also
it
appeareth
unto
this
House
by
divers
Affidavits
and
Certificats
of
credit
that
some
persons
ill
affected
to
these
Honourable
and
Publick
services
who
in
time
may
receive
deserved
punishments
,
have
disturbed
the
possession
of
the
said
Tho
.
Bushell
in
some
of
His
Majesties
Mines-Royal
,
and
Edifices
appertaining
to
the
Royal-works
,
and
have
plucked
up
divers
plumps
cast
in
the
Rubbish
,
drowned
,
and
(
so
much
as
in
them
did
lye
)
destroyed
the
said
works
,
so
as
it
hath
been
a
labour
of
four
years
night
and
day
to
recover
the
same
.
And
that
also
the
said
Tho
.
Bushell
hath
been
disturbed
in
the
getting
of
Turfe
and
Peat
for
the
Service
of
His
Majesties
works
,
being
an
invention
of
his
own
,
very
commendable
and
commodious
for
the
preserving
of
wood
,
which
hath
been
heretofore
by
the
former
undertakers
much
wasted
in
those
parts
.
Now
for
the
remedy
of
the
said
mischiefs
,
and
that
the
said
Tho
.
Bushhll
and
his
assigns
,
and
such
persons
as
are
or
shall
be
Undertakers
and
Adventurers
with
him
in
the
said
service
may
receive
all
due
incouragement
and
Assistance
in
those
chargeable
undertakings
;
It
is
ordered
by
the
Lords
in
the
upper
House
of
Parliament
now
assembled
,
That
the
Speaker
of
this
House
,
in
the
Name
,
and
by
the
Authority
of
the
same
,
shall
direct
His
Letters
unto
the
Judges
of
Assize
,
and
Justices
of
the
Peace
of
the
said
County
of
Cardigan
:
Requiring
them
,
that
they
do
in
all
law
ul
things
endeavour
to
advance
,
and
encourage
the
said
sereice
in
his
Majesties
Royal
Mines
,
and
assist
the
said
Tho
.
Bush
ll
and
other
Undertakers
,
in
all
things
so
far
as
lawfully
they
may
,
both
for
the
continuance
of
his
lawful
Possessions
,
and
the
quiet
and
peaceable
working
of
the
said
mines
,
untill
he
shall
be
evicted
by
due
course
of
Law
,
as
also
for
getting
and
working
of
Turfe
and
Peat
,
according
to
his
Legal
right
upon
his
Majesties
Wastes
,
and
other
places
lawful
,
and
all
other
lawful
accommodations
of
necessary
passages
,
and
other
Legal
things
,
which
may
any
wayes
advance
His
Majesties
service
in
the
said
Royal
Mines
.
JO
.
BROWNE
Cler
.
Parliament
.
A
Letter
from
the
L.
Keeper
,
to
the
Justices
of
Assize
,
&c.
AFter
my
very
hearty
Commendations
,
I
have
here
inclosed
sent
you
an
Order
made
in
the
House
of
the
Lords
now
assembled
in
Parliament
,
which
you
are
carefully
to
observe
and
perform
according
to
the
directions
thereof
in
all
things
,
so
far
as
Lawfully
you
may
.
So
not
doubting
of
your
readiness
therein
,
I
bid
you
heartily
farewell
and
rest
Your
very
loving
friend
Ed.
Littleton
Cust
.
Sig
.
Excester-house
,
26.
Aug.
1641
Mr.
Bushell's
Invitation
by
Letter
to
Condemned
men
for
Petty-felonies
,
to
work
in
the
Mines
of
their
own
Country
,
rather
then
be
banish'd
to
Slavery
in
Foreign
parts
.
FEllow-sufferers
in
restraint
,
although
upon
different
accounts
,
for
you
have
sought
death
by
the
errors
of
your
lives
,
I
an
Imprisonment
by
a
licentious
Prodigalitie
;
But
I
hope
your
Consciences
(
like
faithful
Mirrors
)
have
presented
to
the
eye
of
your
afflicted
souls
the
deformities
of
your
several
Crimes
,
as
mine
hath
to
my
serious
consideration
my
manifold
Transgressions
:
We
have
no
City
of
refuge
in
these
our
sad
perplexities
;
the
impartial
doom
of
our
Laws
hath
banished
you
from
the
land
of
the
living
,
unless
its
mercy
exile
you
from
the
land
of
your
nativitie
by
a
ten
years
absence
to
a
sordid
slaverie
in
some
torrid
Island
,
whose
climate
,
air
,
diet
,
and
manner
of
labor
will
prove
very
irksom
unto
you
;
But
the
implacable
revenge
of
some
of
my
Creditors
doth
endeavor
to
burie
me
alive
in
this
house
of
woe
,
when
(
God
knows
)
I
was
plung'd
in
my
Mineral
inundations
with
care
and
pains
to
pay
them
their
just
debts
by
the
help
of
Providence
.
But
,
dear
Brethren
,
Friends
,
and
Companions
in
Bonds
,
to
assure
you
that
I
commiserate
your
deplorable
condition
more
then
mine
own
,
I
would
present
you
with
a
more
solacious
Cordial
then
that
of
societie
in
your
miseries
,
which
I
have
humbly
petitioned
the
honorable
Parliament
for
,
and
hope
I
shall
obtain
to
your
temporal
and
eternal
advantage
.
You
are
therefore
first
to
understand
,
that
when
our
English
Aristotle
,
Natures
best
modern
Secretary
,
that
excellent
Philosopher
the
Lord
Chancellor
BACON
,
my
ever
honored
Master
,
had
compleated
his
now
extant
Natural
History
of
Philosophical
Experiments
,
he
then
modell'd
his
Solomon's
House
in
his
New
Atlantis
thereto
annexed
,
in
which
Academy
they
might
be
practised
;
but
not
by
those
common
waies
(
as
he
was
used
to
say
)
where
even
Fools
might
raise
a
Pyramis
,
Colossus
,
or
Mausoleum
to
their
ridiculous
memories
,
Viz
.
from
the
Exchequers
of
bounteous
and
magnificent
Princes
,
Piratick
depredations
,
or
Monopolous
exactions
from
an
opulent
people
;
but
rather
by
a
Philosophical
Elixar
and
Chymical
extraction
,
so
quaint
and
admirable
,
that
it
seems
to
convince
the
Maxim
,
Out
of
nothing
is
made
,
nothing
.
For
he
proposed
no
other
means
to
erect
and
maintain
that
stupendious
Fabrick
and
the
Magi
thereof
,
who
were
by
him
designed
thereto
by
his
Theorie
,
then
the
recoverie
of
the
Lost
by
the
help
of
the
Dead
.
Resolve
the
Riddle
,
and
find
your
Cordial
;
for
though
it
be
truly
Magical
,
't
is
not
Necromantick
.
But
not
to
delay
you
,
I
(
as
your
Oedipus
)
thus
open
it
:
The
Lost
,
are
drowned
and
desperately
deserted
Mineral
Works
;
the
Dead
,
convicted
and
attainted
persons
,
who
are
indeed
so
in
Law
;
and
what
is
lost
,
is
not
in
nature
as
to
the
use
and
proprietie
of
mankind
.
Cheer
up
my
Comrades
,
I
have
opened
my
dark
lantern
to
you
,
and
light
is
comfortable
to
the
benighted
.
Now
know
,
that
that
excellent
Lord
affecting
my
homebred
simplicitie
,
and
being
ambitious
to
raise
a
Younger
brothers
fortunes
by
such
Experiments
,
instituted
me
as
his
much
favored
Pupil
in
his
misterious
Philosophical
way
of
recovering
and
searching
Mines
,
by
mollifying
their
hardest
Rocks
,
undermining
their
Waters
,
separating
their
Metals
,
and
carrying
Air
through
their
lowest
levels
of
hills
or
mountains
,
without
the
vastness
of
former
charge
to
sink
Shafts
for
air
every
twenty
fathom
.
But
he
suddenly
falling
from
an
eminent
heigth
,
as
I
by
that
time
had
deviated
from
his
grave
directions
in
the
secure
paths
of
Vertue
,
imposed
on
me
a
new
task
,
which
was
not
to
search
the
rockie
bosoms
of
the
barren
Mountains
,
but
by
a
timely
retirement
to
some
solitarie
place
where
I
might
seclude
my self
from
the
treacherous
vanities
of
the
tumultuous
world
,
to
explore
the
deceitful
meanders
of
my
stonie
Heart
,
and
when
Divine
grace
should
have
assisted
my
better
Reason
in
overcoming
the
rebellious
affections
of
my
sensual
appetite
,
if
then
the
like
providence
should
call
me
thence
to
a
more
active
life
in
the
prosecution
of
his
Mineral
documents
,
I
should
without
any
regret
of
my
former
penance
attend
the
good
hand
of
God
in
that
design
with
humble
patience
;
assuredly
believing
,
that
since
he
had
supported
me
in
the
conquest
of
my self
,
he
would
conduct
me
through
all
difficulties
,
to
the
accomplishing
so
great
a
work
for
my
Countries
good
,
and
his
own
glory
.
And
according
to
his
counsel
and
prediction
,
after
I
had
lived
three
years
as
a
Recluse
in
a
desolate
Island
in
the
Irish
seas
,
only
conversing
with
God
in
my
repentant
tears
,
prayers
and
contemplations
,
he
miraculously
called
me
thence
to
an
unexpected
fortune
,
brought
me
into
favor
with
my
Prince
,
who
granted
me
a
Patent
for
all
the
Mines-Royal
,
in
order
to
my
Lords
Proposals
,
and
a
Branch
of
his
Royal
Mint
to
coin
such
Silver
as
I
should
extract
from
all
Lead
of
my
own
finding
;
which
was
not
a
little
,
witness
the
many
great
services
I
did
for
that
King
therewith
,
notwithstanding
my
great
losses
in
the
late
Wars
.
But
as
the
Times
,
so
we
in
them
are
chang'd
.
Now
here
to
prevent
any
that
may
ask
,
why
since
by
my
Articles
of
War
I
am
to
be
restored
to
all
my
former
rights
,
I
seek
no
more
from
the
present
State
,
then
an
assurance
of
the
deserted
Mines
of
our
Territories
?
I
answer
,
that
they
will
be
enough
,
which
is
better
then
more
:
that
then
I
was
no
way
obnoxious
to
that
government
but
in
my
Soveraignes
favor
,
and
he
in
Peace
,
now
these
States
look
upon
me
as
a
pardoned
and
reconciled
Enemy
;
and
their
vast
expence
in
the
Republick
service
,
permits
Delinquents
no
such
allowance
,
therefore
I
modestly
ask
the
crumbs
which
they
scorne
to
gather
up
,
and
therewith
doubt
not
to
performe
my
undertakings
to
the
honor
of
my
Country
,
and
my
Masters
memory
.
But
me
thinks
I
heare
our
proud
first
Enemy
(
that
envious
spirit
of
delusion
)
whisper
to
some
of
you
,
What
will
your
condition
of
slavery
be
better
here
in
your
native
Mines
,
then
in
a
forreign
Plantation
,
where
your
friends
cannot
see
your
sufferings
,
nor
you
their
prosperities
,
to
their
or
your
afflictions
,
because
they
cannot
mitigate
yours
,
nor
you
participate
of
theirs
,
which
will
be
no
small
abatement
to
your
shames
,
and
their
sorrows
?
To
this
I
reply
,
that
as
the
innocence
of
the
sufferer
,
not
the
rigor
of
the
torment
makes
one
a
Martyr
,
so
the
cause
of
shame
is
in
the
act
of
the
Crime
,
not
in
the
nature
of
the
servitude
;
wheresoever
to
be
suffered
,
your
guilt
is
known
,
and
accompanies
you
every
where
;
is
it
not
then
better
here
to
expiate
it
where
a
safer
and
easier
meanes
is
offered
,
if
you
intend
to
lead
a
new
life
?
Consider
the
tediousnes
and
dangers
of
your
transportations
,
through
Stormes
,
Enemies
,
and
a
sparing
salt
diet
:
If
you
Land
safely
,
't
is
but
to
be
sold
like
Beasts
,
and
most
likely
to
men
of
barbarous
soules
,
through
whose
cruelty
you
shall
gasp
out
your
dolorous
lives
with
excessive
labors
;
and
when
Hunger
shall
call
for
natures
recruits
,
be
forced
to
think
the
worst
imployed
horses
of
your
own
Country
happier
then
your selves
in
their
natural
food
;
and
after
all
this
,
if
you
can
outlive
your
bondage
in
inriching
your
taskmasters
,
the
Spaniard
for
revenge
or
avarice
may
surprize
your
completed
plantations
,
and
carry
you
away
to
consume
the
sad
remnant
of
your
miserable
dayes
in
his
Mines
,
without
merit
,
expiation
,
or
hope
;
but
thus
you
cannot
suffer
at
home
,
where
you
may
turne
your
necessities
into
vertues
,
by
a
patient
and
humble
submission
to
Gods
will
,
for
all
evill
of
punishment
is
from
him
.
I
propose
not
this
to
you
as
Mineral
Pionears
out
of
any
design
of
advantage
to
my self
,
your
food
,
clothes
,
and
materials
,
wil
cost
me
as
much
as
the
hired
expert
Miners
,
my
plot
upon
you
is
the
only
salvation
of
your
soules
,
and
restitution
of
your
liberties
,
through
your
contrition
and
penance
by
Christs
merits
and
Gods
mercy
,
with
temporal
rewards
of
benefit
,
and
expiation
by
your
industrious
discoveries
in
your
allotted
portions
;
which
that
you
may
obtain
,
sacrifice
but
your
sins
on
the
broken
altars
of
your
contrite
hearts
to
the
Lord
of
mercies
,
and
you
have
his
own
word
for
your
free
pardons
.
O
how
will
your
conversion
and
deliverance
make
your
friends
and
the
Angels
of
Heaven
to
rejoyce
,
for
I
verily
believe
the
true
compunction
of
your
hearts
will
more
facilitate
the
penetration
of
our
Rockie
Addits
then
the
strokes
of
your
hands
:
And
to
incourage
and
assist
you
therein
,
I
shall
provide
such
holy
and
Orthodox
Instructors
for
you
,
that
by
your
conscientious
observance
of
their
moral
and
divine
lectures
as
well
as
their
examples
,
you
shall
with
much
alacrity
be
able
to
overcome
all
the
obstacles
of
this
great
work
;
for
they
will
voluntarily
participate
with
you
in
all
things
,
that
thereby
they
may
cheerfully
lead
you
into
Christs
own
fould
.
And
therefore
consult
with
your
consciences
&
they
wil
doubtless
dictate
to
your
memories
,
that
the
best
way
to
pilot
your
sad
souls
,
bodies
,
lives
,
and
reputations
from
tempestuous
stormes
of
worldly
vanities
into
a
safe
harbor
,
was
with
humble
hearts
to
take
this
Mineral
calling
upon
you
,
and
to
think
,
speak
,
and
deport
your selves
towards
God
in
it
,
as
if
all
the
world
did
behold
you
,
and
to
live
and
converse
with
man
as
in
the
immediate
sight
of
our
divine
Creator
,
and
then
we
shall
rejoyce
in
enjoying
one
another
;
for
as
I
desire
the
Almighty
,
not
to
forgive
me
my
sins
,
nor
receive
my
soul
,
if
I
have
any
other
ends
then
what
hath
bin
exprest
,
so
I
desire
none
of
you
to
remove
your selves
to
this
harmless
and
laborious
calling
,
unless
your
resolutions
be
firm
to
those
ends
,
which
may
crown
your
industry
,
otherwise
we
must
be
forc'd
in
obedience
to
our
trust
,
to
return
you
back
to
the
Judge
of
your
first
condemnation
,
and
pray
that
the
All
disposer
may
call
you
by
some
other
means
to
repentance
,
which
shall
be
the
constant
and
fervent
petition
of
Your
most
Compassionate
Friend
Thomas
Bushell
.
To
my
Fellow-Prisoners
for
Debt
,
in
Mind
or
Body
.
DEarly
beloved
Brethren
in
bonds
,
I
could
heartily
rejoice
if
we
were
so
only
for
Christs
sake
,
for
then
our
patience
therein
would
render
us
happy
in
his
mercy
:
Yet
since
the
inhumanity
of
our
Creditors
(
through
the
power
of
the
Laws
)
usurps
that
revenge
which
is
only
God's
in
justice
,
let
us
with
all
humility
submit
our selves
to
his
permissive
will
,
for
the
evil
of
punishment
is
his
.
My
honorable
Master
the
late
Lord
Chancellor
Bacon
was
wont
to
tell
me
,
That
as
Gentry
bought
nothing
at
Market
,
so
Imprisonment
paid
no
Debts
,
but
those
of
the
Penal
laws
;
and
that
he
did
verily
believe
,
the
fradulent
Contracts
of
most
Creditors
begot
the
disability
of
their
Debtors
satisfaction
.
I
shall
refer
to
your
own
consciences
the
respective
cause
of
your
several
restraints
:
Mine
own
is
like
that
of
the
adventurous
Merchant
,
who
having
sent
all
his
own
Stock
in
several
Vessels
to
far
distant
Factories
through
the
various
dangers
of
the
Deep
,
is
constrained
to
take
up
on
Trust
at
home
,
till
the
return
of
his
Cargazoons
according
to
their
success
proclaim
him
happy
,
or
bankrupt
;
and
if
I
had
ever
any
other
design
in
borrowing
,
let
my
Redeemer
exclude
me
from
the
general
pardon
of
his
precious
merits
,
who
came
not
to
call
the
just
,
but
sinners
to
repentance
,
assuring
us
that
the
blessed
Angels
rejoice
more
at
the
conversion
of
one
true
Penitent
,
then
the
integrity
of
ninety
nine
righteous
;
from
whence
we
may
conclude
,
't
is
ninety
nine
to
one
odds
,
that
there
are
very
few
sincere
Converts
.
But
my
beloved
Fellow-sufferers
,
since
now
the
Supreme
Power
of
this
Commonwealth
doth
,
as
I
hear
,
intend
like
S.
Peters
good
Angel
to
open
the
doors
of
your
Prisons
by
the
wisdom
of
their
mercies
,
I
earnestly
exhort
you
to
mark
the
first
day
of
your
unexpected
Jubile
with
a
white
stone
or
red
letter
,
in
commemoration
of
so
happy
a
deliverance
,
(
lest
God
consume
your
lives
with
new
afflictions
&
troubles
)
alwaies
remembring
his
glory
and
your
own
eternity
:
And
then
take
the
grave
admonition
for
your
Cure
,
as
the
Mirror
of
my
honored
Master
prescribed
to
me
,
which
was
,
To
deny
all
my
treacherous
Senses
their
most
delighting
Objects
:
I
fed
on
nothing
that
pleased
my
appetite
;
looking
willingly
on
nothing
which
I
formerly
liked
;
nor
accompanied
any
creature
that
affected
my
concupiscence
;
But
frequented
devious
waies
and
solitary
groves
,
and
at
last
found
out
a
desolate
Island
in
the
Irish
seas
,
where
three
years
I
sadly
lamented
the
errors
of
my
youth
,
mingling
the
waters
which
I
drank
with
the
brine
of
mine
eies
,
and
did
sparingly
eat
the
bread
of
affliction
as
it
had
been
ashes
.
These
were
my
first
steps
towards
Gods
Mercy-seat
,
in
a
most
unfained
contrition
for
the
Treason
I
committed
against
his
Eternal
Majesty
:
And
surely
he
was
not
displeased
therewith
;
for
out
of
this
depth
of
desolation
he
graciously
called
me
to
the
publique
service
of
my
Country
,
in
the
innocent
way
of
a
Miner
;
and
how
I
have
proceeded
therein
,
with
intention
chiefly
to
glorifie
him
,
this
annexed
Treatise
will
give
you
an
account
.
But
there
the
inhumanity
of
my
Creditors
stopt
me
;
yet
I
am
confident
,
so
soon
as
the
Republique-affairs
will
permit
,
the
Honorable
Parliament
will
enlarge
me
in
order
to
my
Mineral
service
,
and
their
own
Articles
,
as
they
have
done
you
in
mercy
:
And
then
I
say
,
if
any
of
you
(
either
for
a
present
subsistence
,
or
a
penitential
way
to
expiate
your
former
errors
,
or
to
reclaim
your
affections
,
or
in
hope
to
raise
your
lost
fortunes
and
enable
you
to
pay
your
honest
Debts
)
will
sweat
with
me
in
the
way
of
this
hopeful
,
vertuous
,
and
Philosophical
labor
,
you
shall
eat
bread
with
me
so
long
as
you
please
,
whereby
at
last
we
may
obtain
such
Mineral
blessings
from
the
Lord
of
Bounty
,
that
we
in
true
charity
may
be
able
to
eat
our
bread
upon
the
waters
,
by
relieving
many
distressed
Penitents
whose
sins
have
brought
them
to
want
bread
,
and
whose
age
or
sickness
hath
taken
away
their
ability
to
work
.
And
here
I
think
't
is
proper
to
give
you
the
Epitome
of
my
Lords
Design
for
the
regulating
his
Solomon's
House
or
Academy
.
He
proposes
six
principal
Officers
of
State
to
succeeding
times
as
Trustees
,
six
exquisite
lucre-hating
Philosophers
to
bring
his
Theorie
into
experimental
practice
,
are
to
be
handsomly
maintained
,
upon
a
sacred
oath
to
be
true
to
the
trust
of
his
Philosophical
secrets
;
Convicted
men
and
adventurous
Voluntiers
,
are
to
be
chief
instruments
of
the
Mineral
work
,
and
are
to
be
clothed
in
good
Canvas
or
Welsh
Cottons
,
their
food
Bisket
,
Beef
,
Pease
and
Bacon
thrice
a
week
,
the
other
daies
White-meat
,
Oil
and
Roots
;
their
drink
of
allowance
for
the
most
part
is
to
be
Water
,
but
they
shall
not
be
barr'd
Beer
or
Ale
in
orderly
proportion
;
they
are
to
lie
on
Mats
,
unless
they
rather
choose
a
clean
Plank
;
Lots
and
Delves
shall
be
assigned
to
them
,
in
which
if
God
bless
their
honest
diligence
,
they
shall
comfortably
participate
,
whereby
at
last
they
may
make
themselves
free
,
if
a
true
and
constant
penitence
be
their
heavenly
guide
;
for
impenitence
barracadoes
the
gates
of
heaven
faster
rgainst
us
then
our
sins
:
For
as
true
contrition
makes
our
hearts
grateful
sacrifices
to
God
,
so
earnest
prayer
on
her
dove-like
wings
presents
them
before
his
Mercies
seat
,
and
unfained
penitence
softly
sheaths
up
the
sword
of
his
Justice
.
And
for
your
better
encouragement
,
if
you
come
cheerfully
into
this
Philosophical
work
,
you
shall
also
enter
into
the
school
of
Christ
;
for
I
shall
provide
men
excellently
qualified
in
Theology
,
Morality
and
Humanity
,
whose
examples
as
well
as
doctrines
shall
direct
you
in
the
waies
of
eternal
life
,
and
daily
walk
hand
in
hand
with
you
towards
Christs
paradise
,
the
Saints
New
Jerusalem
.
But
methinks
I
heare
some
self
conceited
and
censorious
Critick
thus
prevaricate
upon
the
whole
design
:
Truly
I
must
profess
it
seems
to
my
understanding
very
like
a
lunacie
in
any
whatsoever
to
propose
or
undertake
so
magnificent
a
Fabrick
as
the
Atlantick
Solomons
house
,
without
so
much
as
Straw
to
burn
,
Bricks
for
its
foundation
,
no
Princes
Coffers
,
Monopoly
,
Smoke-mony
,
Lottery
,
Impost
or
Mart
upon
the
discovery
,
but
to
the
incredulous
,
no
not
so
much
as
a
partner
save
Providence
in
this
new
way
of
search
for
never
discovered
Mines
,
and
recovering
desperately
deserted
Works
.
To
which
I
answer
,
first
if
your
Ancestors
in
former
ages
had
been
such
Scepticks
,
fire
had
been
for
ever
concealed
in
the
Flint
,
and
all
Metals
in
their
native
beds
,
Thule
with
the
Western
Islands
and
America
had
been
as
yet
undiscovered
:
pray
tell
me
,
is
not
Divine
Providence
the
dispensator
of
Gods
Omnipotence
?
which
the
Eagle-sighted
eye
of
this
Philosophical
Lords
illuminated
intellect
most
perspicuously
discovered
,
and
therefore
resolved
thus
to
prove
it
without
detriment
or
hazard
to
any
individuall
person
:
Is
it
not
then
a
Godlike
Imitation
?
the
Lord
of
the
universal
World
brought
all
things
which
never
had
being
,
out
of
nothing
;
this
Lord
of
universal
Philosophy
thereby
offers
mankind
that
good
which
never
can
be
usefull
to
him
but
by
this
means
,
which
will
cost
him
nothing
,
the
dead
in
Law
to
search
the
dead
and
barren
Mountains
,
and
recover
the
dead
and
buried
works
;
for
Mineral
treasure
here
is
nothing
but
the
dead
,
and
the
dead
are
nothing
to
the
living
.
But
these
dead
here
(
to
whose
lives
the
Law
and
opinion
hath
set
a
period
)
by
searching
the
graves
of
Minerals
,
preserve
their
lives
for
the
present
,
and
in
time
find
their
own
resurrection
by
a
temporal
expiation
of
their
fatall
Crimes
,
though
their
other
hopes
prove
frustrate
:
but
if
the
Almighty
crowns
their
labors
,
observe
how
glorious
it
will
prove
:
the
Prince
or
State
that
shall
then
Rule
,
shall
receive
the
first
fruits
;
thousands
of
poor
Subjects
shall
eat
the
bread
of
comfort
thereby
;
Offenders
shall
be
purged
and
freed
;
Trade
shall
be
increased
,
and
Customs
augmented
,
a
matchless
Academy
erected
and
maintained
,
new
Arts
discovered
for
the
universal
good
,
and
honor
of
the
Nation
;
the
honorable
Trustees
of
the
whole
work
shall
merit
glory
,
and
gain
philosophical
recreations
;
the
experimenting
Philosophers
shall
have
a
competent
and
comfortable
subsistence
during
life
,
and
after
their
change
their
respective
Statues
erected
in
the
City
of
Wells
;
and
as
the
Athenians
when
they
dedicated
a
lively
Image
to
the
memory
of
the
antient
Philosopher
Pherecydes
,
gave
it
a
golden
tongue
,
as
a
proper
emblem
of
his
excellent
eloquence
,
so
each
of
theirs
shall
hold
a
significant
character
of
their
peculiar
Inventions
in
their
well-proportion'd
hands
.
Which
word
hands
,
minds
me
of
a
saying
of
my
Lords
concerning
the
Convicted
,
which
was
,
That
he
did
stedfastly
beleeve
that
the
hands
of
such
whose
stony
hearts
God
had
penetrated
by
true
penitence
,
would
make
a
more
speedy
,
easie
and
successfull
progress
in
any
Mineral
work
they
undertook
,
then
three
times
the
number
of
the
most
skilful
Miners
that
work
for
wages
only
.
For
that
learned
Lord
was
of
opinion
,
that
the
subterranean
Spirits
did
much
hinder
the
perfect
discoveries
of
the
richest
Mines
,
sometimes
by
their
apparition
,
and
often
by
the
mischievous
gambols
they
plaid
there
,
as
by
raising
Damps
,
extinguishing
the
Miners
lights
,
firing
the
sulphurous
matter
of
the
Mine
,
and
scorching
the
greedy
and
faithless
Workmen
.
For
not
only
Socrates
,
Plato
,
and
Aristotle
are
of
opinion
,
that
there
are
multitudes
of
Evil
Spirits
in
the
Aery
region
,
as
also
in
the
Waters
,
and
the
hollow
Concaverns
of
the
Earth
;
but
divers
of
our
more
modern
learned
Writers
and
Theologians
are
of
the
same
perswasion
,
as
Tho
.
Aquinas
,
Gaudentius
Merula
,
Pselius
Bodinus
,
and
S.
Augustine
,
who
conceive
that
God
hath
permitted
their
temporal
habitations
therein
,
partly
for
mens
trial
,
as
that
of
Job
,
and
partly
for
the
punishment
of
the
wicked
,
as
the
Demoniack
in
the
5.
of
S.
Marks
Gospel
,
out
of
whom
Christ
cast
a
whole
legion
of
Devils
,
and
by
whose
permission
they
destroyed
a
numerous
Herd
of
the
Gadarens
Swine
.
These
were
created
in
the
beginning
,
as
Divines
conclude
out
of
the
38.
of
Job
,
when
the
Morning-stars
sang
together
,
and
all
the
sons
of
God
shouted
for
joy
;
as
may
be
conjectured
at
the
Archangel
Michaels
victory
over
Lucifer
and
his
rebellious
Army
of
ambitious
Spirits
:
And
Christ
himself
tells
us
in
the
10.
of
Luke
,
He
beheld
Satan
as
Lightning
fall
from
Heaven
.
What
need
I
say
more
?
That
audacious
Spirit
who
had
the
impudence
to
tempt
our
Saviour
,
daies
continually
circle
the
Earth
,
still
like
a
roaring
Lion
seeking
whom
he
may
devour
.
But
Faith
is
the
best
armor
,
and
fervent
Prayer
the
sharpest
sword
to
vanquish
him
,
who
being
but
so
resisted
flies
from
us
,
and
true
Contrition
and
humble
penance
conjures
him
away
:
And
I
pray
you
who
ought
to
be
more
cordially
penitent
,
then
such
whom
the
just
Laws
and
their
own
consciences
having
cast
into
the
jaws
of
death
,
Gods
mercy
hath
reprieved
to
expiate
their
crimes
in
so
innocent
and
hopeful
a
work
as
this
,
to
the
good
of
their
afflicted
souls
,
their
Countries
profit
,
and
his
own
glory
?
for
Penitence
,
Reformation
,
and
vertuous
Emulation
,
are
the
most
prevalent
Engines
to
effect
this
noble
Enterprise
;
which
I
had
rathet
decline
and
utterly
relinquish
,
then
use
any
corrosive
or
compulsory
means
to
constrain
any
of
my
penitential
brethren
to
proceed
in
or
accelerate
their
labors
,
as
the
Spaniard
doth
to
his
miserable
Miners
in
America
,
and
others
in
other
places
.
Now
concerning
the
validity
and
grandure
of
this
Mysterious
Attempt
,
you
are
to
understand
that
the
Colledge
of
our
most
honored
Physitians
,
which
is
the
Philosophical
Oracle
of
our
Commonwealth
,
have
candidly
certified
the
late
Lord
Protector
Oliver
Cromwell
,
That
as
the
Design
was
heroick
and
magnificent
,
so
if
it
were
not
prejudiced
and
obstructed
by
the
obloquy
and
sinister
contrivance
of
self-interessed
persons
,
it
was
like
to
produce
much
profit
and
honor
to
this
our
native
Country
.
In
a
word
,
howsoever
you
value
my
Invitation
to
participate
in
my
Mineral
profession
,
neglect
not
my
cordial
Counsel
in
matters
of
Devotion
and
sincere
Penitence
:
For
't
is
conceived
by
some
truly
religious
and
very
learned
,
that
the
Penitent
only
shall
recruit
the
Regiments
and
glorious
Host
of
the
intellectual
Angels
,
by
supplying
the
place
of
them
that
fell
with
Lucifer
in
his
great
Rebellion
.
To
which
God
of
his
mercy
for
the
Son
of
his
love's
sake
bring
us
all
in
his
appointed
time
,
by
what
several
ends
he
shall
think
most
fit
,
is
the
prayers
of
your
faithfull
Friend
;
as
well
as
to
find
out
by
his
holy
Spirit
those
freeborn
Mines
of
Noble
Souls
in
either
sex
for
my
Executors
,
as
will
make
the
World
their
Heir
,
and
are
endowed
with
such
vertuous
Actions
of
love
and
charity
,
as
might
eternize
the
memory
of
my
old
Master
,
and
magnifie
the
Creators
glory
in
his
works
of
Nature
;
which
is
and
shall
be
the
ambition
of
Your
most
humble
Servant
,
Tho
.
Bushell
.
The
late
Kings
Letter
of
Invitation
to
Mr.
Bushell
,
confirming
his
procedure
in
Mineral
discoveries
.
CHARLES
R.
TRusty
and
welbeloved
,
We
having
taken
into
consideration
your
late
Relation
concerning
your
proceedings
and
intentions
for
the
perfecting
of
that
great
work
happily
by
you
begun
in
Our
County
of
Cardigan
in
Our
Principality
of
Wales
,
concerning
those
hopeful
Mines
by
you
discovered
,
approving
well
of
your
beginnings
,
proceedings
,
and
intentions
,
We
have
thought
good
out
of
Our
Royal
disposition
,
to
the
encouraging
of
you
and
all
such
as
are
studious
or
industrious
,
to
do
to
Us
or
Our
Commonwealth
profitable
service
,
to
assure
you
by
these
Our
Letters
,
that
you
shall
not
only
by
Our
protection
peaceably
enjoy
the
Contract
and
bargain
by
you
made
with
the
Lady
Elizabeth
Middleton
concerning
the
said
Mines
,
with
all
things
thereunto
belonging
;
but
also
be
well
assured
,
that
both
you
,
your
Agents
,
Assistants
or
Coadjutors
,
shall
from
time
to
time
have
all
the
furtherance
and
favor
We
can
vouchsafe
to
you
or
them
.
And
for
the
better
encouraging
of
you
to
go
cheerfully
and
confidently
on
with
the
works
,
when
your
learned
Council
at
the
Law
shall
advise
you
to
pray
any
further
Act
or
Acts
from
Us
,
whereby
the
designe
may
be
advanc'd
,
and
you
and
your
Assistants
secured
,
you
shall
find
Us
ready
to
grant
unto
you
any
your
lawful
desires
:
And
in
the
mean
time
these
Our
Letters
shall
be
a
good
and
sufficient
testimony
of
Our
Royal
intentions
towards
you
,
and
our
good
wishes
to
the
prosperity
of
your
undertakings
.
Given
at
Our
Court
at
Whitehall
under
Our
Signet
,
the
three
and
twentieth
day
of
February
,
in
the
twelfth
year
of
Our
Reign
.
To
Our
trusty
and
welbeloved
Subject
and
Servant
Thomas
Bushell
Esq
;
This
is
entred
in
the
Signet-book
23
Febr
.
1636.
Ja.
Store
.
The
Merchants
Letter
of
Barnstaple
to
Mr.
Bushell
concerning
their
accommodation
of
transporting
his
Lead
and
Oar
gratis
,
&c.
SIR
,
SInce
you
have
been
pleased
at
your
own
great
charge
to
discover
those
deserted
Works
at
Combmartin
for
the
publick
good
of
our
Country
;
and
whereas
you
are
interessed
in
the
Mines
of
Wales
which
furnish
you
both
with
Lead
and
Lead-Oar
.
These
are
to
request
you
,
to
bedleased
to
make
this
our
Harbour
partaker
of
the
Benefits
may
proceed
therein
,
and
what
we
buy
not
from
you
for
ready
moneys
,
we
shall
be
ready
to
transport
for
you
Frait-free
instead
of
Ballast
,
you
rendring
it
aboard
to
all
such
Ports
as
our
Vessels
shall
commerce
withall
In
so
doing
,
we
suppose
the
result
thereof
will
more
properly
conduce
to
your
hopefull
proceedings
in
the
said
works
of
Combmartin
,
which
we
wish
all
happy
success
,
and
remain
Barnstable
6
Octob
.
1648.
Your
Loving
Friends
,
-
Richard
Harris
-
William
Leigh
.
-
George
Shu●t
.
-
R●bert
Dennis
.
-
Iohn
Tucker
.
-
Thomas
Horwood
.
-
Anthony
Benny
,
-
William
Palmer
.
-
Lyonel
Becher
.
-
Richard
Harris
.
-
William
Nottel
.
-
Iohn
Down
.
-
Walter
Tucker
.
-
R.
Flemming
.
-
Richard
Medford
.
-
William
Wood
.
-
Francis
Newton
.
-
Edward
Flemming
.
-
Tho
.
Cox
.
-
Nathaniel
Fishe●leigh
.
-
Robert
Frayn
.
To
the
Honorable
William
Lenthal
Esq
;
Speaker
of
the
Honorable
house
of
Commons
.
Mr.
Speaker
,
I
Formerly
granted
safe
conduct
unto
Thomas
Bushel
Esq
;
who
had
the
command
of
the
Isle
of
Lundy
to
come
hither
to
Treat
concerning
the
surrender
of
that
place
,
and
he
like
a
Gentleman
truly
performed
on
his
part
such
Articles
as
were
agreed
on
;
since
which
time
he
hath
been
very
industrious
in
finding
out
of
Lead
Mines
,
which
are
like
to
produce
good
quantities
of
Silver
,
proof
whereof
you
may
please
to
see
,
and
having
seen
a
Letter
under
the
hands
of
the
Merchants
of
Barnstable
to
further
his
endeavors
for
the
publick
;
I
could
not
but
out
of
a
sence
I
have
the
general
good
will
be
exceedingly
advantaged
by
the
way
of
his
industry
,
humbly
offer
it
as
a
request
of
mine
,
That
Mr.
Bushel
may
have
for
his
better
incouragement
,
your
best
assistance
in
restoring
him
to
all
his
Estate
,
according
to
mine
agreement
,
and
the
Order
of
both
houses
,
dated
the
Tenth
of
July
,
1647.
And
although
by
that
agreement
and
Order
,
he
humbly
conceivs
he
may
justly
claim
the
Customs
of
Lead
of
England
and
Wales
,
at
such
Rent
as
the
same
were
formerly
granted
him
by
Letters
Pattents
from
his
Majesty
under
the
great
Seal
,
for
a
good
Term
of
years
unexpired
,
yet
he
hath
been
,
and
still
is
contented
to
decline
that
claime
,
and
submit
to
such
a
reasonable
Rent
for
the
same
as
the
Committee
of
the
Revenue
shall
propose
;
And
in
pursuance
hereof
,
the
then
Farmors
of
the
Customes
have
by
Order
of
the
said
Committee
of
the
Navy
(
as
I
am
informed
)
returned
a
certificate
,
whereby
the
true
values
of
the
said
Customs
of
Lead
may
appear
;
I
have
therefore
thought
fit
,
humbly
to
recommend
the
said
Certificate
,
together
with
the
Petition
of
the
Miners
of
Derby-shire
and
Devon
,
and
his
Propositions
for
the
publick
good
;
and
make
it
my
request
that
he
may
speedily
Farm
the
said
Customs
of
Lead
,
during
the
time
of
his
former
grant
,
whereby
his
adventures
for
discovering
Minerals
,
and
recovering
the
deserted
works
of
this
Kingdom
,
may
be
incouraged
to
joyn
with
him
in
so
common
a
good
,
least
hee
be
inforced
to
leave
this
Realm
,
and
so
good
a
work
perish
by
his
absence
:
For
truly
Sir
,
this
last
discovery
of
his
in
the
County
of
Devon
,
with
the
report
of
other
his
proceedings
,
hath
almost
perswaded
him
to
become
an
Adventurer
;
Who
remains
,
Your
humble
Servant
,
Tho
.
Fairfax
.
Queenstreet
,
14
Martii
,
1648.
The
Miners
contemplative
Prayer
in
his
solitary
Delves
,
which
is
conceived
requisite
to
be
published
,
that
the
Reader
may
know
,
his
heart
implores
providence
for
his
Mineral
increase
,
aswel
as
petitions
liberty
from
men
to
dig
for
treasure
in
their
barren
Mountains
.
MOst
glorious
and
omniscient
Lord
God
,
who
inhabitest
Eternity
,
and
by
thy
omnipotent
fiat
didst
in
the
beginning
create
the
admirable
fabrick
of
the
Universe
;
the
Heavens
are
thy
Throne
,
and
the
Earth
is
thy
Footstoole
,
on
which
thou
didst
frame
our
first
Parent
of
red
Clay
,
and
from
thence
gavest
him
his
name
,
into
whose
Nostrils
thou
didst
breath
the
Spirit
of
Life
,
enduing
him
with
a
reasonable
Soule
,
and
madest
him
Lord
of
all
thy
Creatures
;
But
he
being
in
honor
could
not
abide
so
,
but
became
like
the
Beast
that
perisheth
,
through
the
treachery
of
that
first
Rebel
Satan
,
who
ever
since
endeavoreth
to
supplant
his
wretched
posterity
,
of
whom
my
sinful
self
am
one
.
Give
me
therefore
(
O
Lord
)
a
true
sense
of
mine
own
sins
without
despaire
,
sincere
contrition
,
unfeigned
sorrow
and
earnest
repentance
without
hypocrisie
;
make
my
Prayers
fervent
,
holy
and
grateful
,
that
they
may
come
before
thee
as
the
incense
of
a
true
penitent
soule
;
for
a
broken
and
contrite
heart
is
a
sacrifice
which
thou
wilt
not
despise
:
And
now
,
O
God
,
having
first
sought
thy
mercy
on
my
soule
,
give
me
leave
to
implore
thy
blessing
on
my
temporal
affairs
to
thy
sole
glory
.
O
Lord
,
thy
Spirit
hath
affected
mine
with
the
speculation
and
practice
of
Mineral
Philosophy
,
and
thou
wert
pleased
to
bless
that
most
Royal
and
antient
Philosopher
,
who
understood
and
writ
of
the
natures
of
all
vegetables
,
from
the
Cedar
of
Lebanon
to
the
pellitory
or
mosse
on
the
wall
,
as
plainly
appeared
by
the
success
of
his
Miners
transported
by
Hyram's
Mariners
to
Opher
,
whence
they
returned
with
450
Talents
of
gold
,
for
effecting
whereof
that
King
built
and
rigged
a
powerfull
Navy
at
Ezron
Geber
on
the
red
sea
,
with
a
vast
expence
of
his
own
or
peoples
●reasure
;
But
(
O
Lord
)
my
modest
designe
requires
no
such
charge
or
means
,
the
propositions
of
that
great
modern
Philosopher
,
my
worthy
honored
Lord
,
are
to
discover
those
hidden
Treasures
,
which
thy
inscrutable
wisdom
hath
lodged
in
the
Bowels
of
the
most
barren
mountaines
,
and
desperately
deserted
Mineral
works
of
our
native
Countries
.
It
is
true
(
Lord
)
they
that
descend
to
the
Sea
in
ships
see
they
wonders
in
the
depth
thereof
;
but
such
as
search
the
secret
Entrails
of
the
Earth
,
to
find
out
thy
concealed
wonders
there
,
carry
their
lives
in
their
hands
,
being
free
among
the
dead
,
whence
they
pray
unto
thee
,
and
praise
thy
marvellous
works
of
nature
,
when
men
ride
over
their
heads
.
But
(
O
Lord
)
the
insatiate
thirst
of
riches
or
vaine
glory
spurs
not
me
on
to
this
dangerous
and
laborious
attempt
,
but
my
zeale
to
thy
glory
,
and
my
Countreys
good
.
Solomon
beautified
thine
own
Temple
which
he
had
built
with
his
far
sought
Mineral
Treasure
,
and
I
would
therefore
willingly
erect
a
house
to
the
honor
of
his
name
;
in
which
fabrick
(
designed
by
my
honored
Master
)
true
Christian
Philosophers
,
of
eminent
knowledge
,
virtuous
lives
,
and
holy
conversations
,
might
by
practical
search
and
discoveries
reveale
to
succeeding
ages
these
beneficent
rarities
,
and
profitable
experiments
which
that
great
King
first
treated
of
,
being
lost
(
as
is
conceived
)
to
all
mankind
through
thy
several
Judgements
thrown
in
thine
own
backsliding
people
,
till
that
Lord
(
my
quondam
Master
)
assisted
by
thy
Spirit
of
wisdome
,
did
in
his
natural
History
,
and
that
most
excellent
model
in
his
New
Atlantis
propose
to
the
world
a
new
means
to
make
use
of
them
,
to
thy
glory
,
and
the
benefit
of
all
thy
servants
,
without
any
considerable
charge
to
this
or
any
other
State
.
But
(
O
Lord
)
the
blindness
,
stupidity
and
diffidence
of
mans
heart
hath
as
yet
obstructed
the
procedure
thereof
.
Dives
desired
no
other
means
then
a
messenger
from
Hell
for
the
conversion
of
his
Brethren
which
he
had
misled
;
now
the
living
which
converse
with
the
subterranean
spirits
cannot
be
believed
in
reporting
thy
wonders
in
the
bosome
of
the
Earth
.
The
Ninevites
were
converted
when
thy
fugitive
prophet
brought
them
a
penitential
Sermon
out
of
the
belly
of
the
Whale
;
grant
(
O
my
God
)
that
I
which
am
at
present
buried
alive
,
and
secluded
from
the
World
may
be
thence
heard
by
thee
,
and
so
credited
by
the
present
ruling
Power
,
that
I
thy
humble
suppliant
(
who
like
the
poore
bedridden
men
at
the
Poole
of
Bethesda
have
lain
long
impotent
and
unable
to
move
)
may
find
some
faithful
Patriots
to
assist
my
cause
,
and
make
them
sensible
that
I
beg
nothing
but
that
which
is
lost
,
and
the
help
of
the
dead
onely
to
recover
it
.
The
Mines
that
I
petition
for
are
drowned
,
and
their
works
desperately
deserted
;
the
persons
I
propose
for
their
recovery
,
are
such
as
are
dead
in
Law
,
and
crave
as
a
mercy
to
be
buried
in
them
,
by
a
patient
undergoing
their
punishment
as
pioneers
,
and
turning
their
necessities
into
such
vertuous
actions
,
rather
then
a
forc'd
banishment
should
expose
them
to
a
seven
years
slavery
in
forreign
plantations
.
Diamonds
,
best
cut
Diamonds
,
the
stony-hearted
are
fittest
to
cut
the
stony
Addits
of
the
Mines
,
and
like
to
like
will
agree
best
,
when
a
penitential
Soule
strikes
the
blow
.
For
(
O
Lord
)
we
all
know
,
the
Prodigal
Child
was
punisht
with
its
opposite
;
and
believe
all
others
have
congruity
in
the
like
,
when
thy
only
Son
was
forc'd
for
taking
upon
him
the
sins
of
man
,
to
descend
himself
into
Hell
before
he
could
ascend
into
Heaven
;
and
who
knows
(
O
Lord
)
but
that
this
Mineral
imployment
is
the
best
way
found
out
for
us
Mortals
,
to
discipline
all
offenders
capable
of
mercy
,
with
discovering
thy
concealed
treasures
,
and
make
such
thy
onely
creatures
,
when
the
person
which
thou
placest
over
them
by
thy
Ministers
of
State
,
shall
take
delightfull
care
in
their
education
and
amendment
,
to
thy
own
glory
and
the
publick
good
,
since
thou
joyest
more
in
one
of
them
then
in
99
righteous
,
that
need
no
repentance
.
O
Lord
,
in
these
designs
I
earnestly
beg
thy
assistance
,
since
thy
Son
our
Saviour
hath
bid
us
to
ask
,
seek
and
knock
,
that
wee
may
obtain
,
find
and
be
admitted
;
pardon
then
my
confidence
,
diligence
and
importunity
:
I
have
now
spent
many
Lustres
of
my
Life
,
and
some
treasure
in
prosecution
of
this
design
;
O
let
me
effect
it
so
to
thy
glory
before
I
goe
hence
,
as
my
Feoffees
in
trust
may
not
be
discouraged
to
go
on
where
I
have
left
;
for
time
makes
haste
,
to
call
for
natures
debt
,
and
Death
is
none
of
thy
Creature
.
Let
not
then
my
worst
Creditor
be
onely
satisfied
,
before
thou
hast
assisted
me
in
some
measure
to
pay
the
Debt
of
Zeale
and
Obedience
which
I
owe
to
thee
,
that
of
Love
and
Service
due
to
my
native
County
,
the
reall
sums
due
to
confiding
friends
,
and
the
great
Debt
of
gratitude
to
the
memory
of
my
famous
Master
,
Foster-Father
and
Instructor
in
these
undertakings
.
Pardon
then
my
sins
,
and
grant
this
my
Boone
,
since
mercy
and
bounty
are
the
most
essential
Attributes
of
thy
Glory
;
to
whom
all
Honor
,
Obedience
,
Praise
and
Thanksgiving
is
now
and
ever
due
.
Amen
.
The
Impressa
of
Mr.
Bushell's
golden
Medall
.
·FRA·
BACON·
VICECO·
SCT
.
ALBAN·
ANGLIAE·
CANCELL·
EST·
QVI·
CLAVSA·
RECLVDIT·
THO·
BVSHELL·
DEVS·
THe
Lord
St.
Alban's
Atlantis
is
a
Magazine
of
compendious
(
but
sublime
)
documents
to
enrich
a
Common-wealth
with
universal
Notions
,
as
far
above
a
vulgar
capacity
,
as
the
Emperial
Heavens
are
the
Earth
;
for
which
cause
himself
stiled
it
his
Solomons
house
,
or
six
daies
work
:
But
the
way
to
advance
a
proportionable
Revenue
(
proposed
by
his
Philosophicall
Theory
)
to
accomplish
the
vast
design
of
such
a
magnificent
structure
,
without
a
Princes
Purse
,
will
seeme
as
abstruse
to
some
acute
apprehensions
,
as
the
immortal
descent
of
the
Soule
to
animate
the
Embryon
in
the
Wombe
:
yet
if
any
responsible
Persons
are
incredulous
of
Mr.
Bushell's
proceedings
to
perfect
the
said
Lords
Philosophical
Theory
in
Mineral
discoveries
,
according
to
his
undertakings
,
let
them
,
or
any
other
that
have
heretofore
given
him
credit
upon
the
late
Kings
score
,
or
his
own
,
repaire
to
the
assurance
Office
at
the
Royall
Exchange
,
where
they
shall
have
tendred
(
by
Friends
of
his
)
Medals
of
Gold
,
by
way
of
Mart
,
according
to
the
Tenor
of
the
ensuing
Bill
,
so
soon
as
it
is
setled
in
Parliament
for
their
encouragement
,
and
himself
hath
liberty
to
attend
providence
in
the
success
.
KNow
all
men
by
these
presents
,
That
I
〈◇〉
〈◇〉
of
〈◇〉
in
the
County
of
〈◇〉
do
hereby
acknowledge
to
have
received
from
〈◇〉
Trustees
for
the
late
Lord
Chancellor
Bacon's
Mineral
design
,
that
is
now
to
be
practised
by
his
menial
Servant
.
Tho
.
Bushell
Esq
;
one
Medall
of
Gold
(
with
that
Lords
Effigies
)
of
the
full
value
of
5
l.
by
way
of
Mart
,
upon
condition
to
pay
unto
the
abovesaid
〈◇〉
their
Executors
,
Administrators
,
or
Assigns
,
the
several
summs
of
money
following
,
that
is
to
say
,
the
summ
of
5
l.
for
every
one
pound
of
the
said
Medall
,
If
the
said
Tho
.
Bushell
shall
within
18
moneths
from
the
date
hereof
,
by
himself
,
his
Agents
,
and
Assignes
,
advance
out
of
his
Mineral
undertakings
in
recovering
the
drowned
works
of
Rowpits
upon
the
Forrest
of
Mendyp
,
and
other
deserted
places
within
the
Territories
of
this
Commonwealth
,
the
sum
or
value
of
500
l.
per
week
in
Copper
,
Tinn
,
or
Lead
mixed
with
Silver
,
or
in
all
for
the
whole
yeare
following
,
by
the
approbation
of
the
Mineral
grand
Jury
of
Chewton
,
and
the
Warden
of
the
Mint
of
the
Tower
of
London
for
the
time
being
upon
their
Oaths
;
and
upon
like
condition
to
pay
unto
the
said
〈◇〉
〈◇〉
their
Executors
,
&c.
the
summ
of
10
l.
more
,
for
every
one
pound
of
the
said
Medall
,
if
the
said
Tho
.
Bushell
shall
within
18
moneths
more
from
the
date
hereof
by
himself
,
his
Agents
and
Workmen
,
advance
out
of
the
Minerall
works
as
aforesaid
,
1000
l.
per
week
for
the
whole
yeare
following
:
And
for
the
payment
of
all
and
every
the
said
sums
of
money
,
so
to
be
well
and
truly
paid
,
I
the
said
〈◇〉
〈◇〉
doe
bind
me
,
my
Heirs
,
Executors
,
and
Administrators
firmly
by
these
presents
,
In
witness
whereof
I
the
said
〈◇〉
〈◇〉
doe
hereunto
put
my
hand
and
seale
this
〈◇〉
day
of
〈◇〉