THE
HISTORY
OF
CHARLES
the
II.
Third
MONARCK
of
Great
Britain
,
&c.
THe
Histories
of
Englands
late
opressours
have
already
cloyd
and
overladed
the
exuberant
Press
,
whole
Volums
daily
coming
forth
,
either
of
the
Actions
of
the
late
long
Parliament
,
or
the
life
of
their
aspiring
Generall
Cromwell
,
which
though
adorn'd
with
all
those
flatteries
,
that
could
possibly
proceed
from
the
most
beneficed
pens
,
yet
cannot
in
the
least
justifie
their
actions
to
the
more
sober
sort
of
people
;
for
though
their
memories
may
here
smell
sweet
to
some
,
who
have
rather
tasted
of
their
favour
,
then
suffered
under
their
opression
,
yet
do
they
but
render
them
to
the
sufferers
more
infamous
,
and
to
the
Neuter
ridiculous
,
like
the
extolling
of
Don
Quixot's
Chivalry
.
And
though
there
have
been
some
who
have
adventured
to
set
them
out
to
the
life
,
and
paint
them
in
their
own
colours
;
yet
have
many
of
these
as
farr
exceeded
the
bounds
of
Truth
,
as
the
others
came
short
of
it
,
rather
exasperated
by
their
own
,
or
to
please
their
fellow
sufferrers
,
into
so
great
extreams
have
either
side
been
lead
,
out
of
fear
or
flattery
,
anger
or
passion
.
Moderation
and
Impartiality
are
the
chiefest
virtues
of
an
Historian
,
and
therefore
he
who
writs
an
History
,
should
chuse
such
a
subject
to
write
on
,
where
neither
fear
nor
gain
can
induce
him
to
flatter
,
anger
or
passion
,
or
to
too
much
bitternesse
.
Most
of
our
modern
Historians
have
proposed
to
themselves
either
profit
,
advantage
or
employment
by
their
Works
,
which
hath
made
them
run
into
their
so
many
grosse
errours
and
flatteries
;
whilst
had
they
only
endeavoured
to
represent
things
,
persons
and
actions
impartially
,
they
had
gained
to
themselves
farr
greater
honour
of
true
Writing
.
I
have
chosen
a
subject
to
write
of
,
which
I
conceive
may
lead
me
to
a
mediocrity
,
the
Persons
afflictions
may
induce
me
to
pity
him
,
but
they
will
in
most
mens
judgments
restrain
me
from
flattery
.
Nor
need
I
out
of
fear
,
I
being
now
(
though
unwillingly
)
out
of
his
reach
,
mince
the
truth
of
his
(
if
any
)
bad
actions
.
I
confesse
the
Task
I
undertake
is
highly
adventurous
,
my
pen
may
slip
,
times
may
change
,
however
my
heart
shall
guide
me
to
an
impartiality
.
CHARLES
the
II.
Heir
apparent
to
the
Crown
of
Great
Britain
and
Jreland
,
and
crowned
King
of
Scots
,
whose
History
I
intend
to
treat
of
,
was
born
on
the
29.
of
May
,
1630
,
to
the
great
joy
of
the
King
,
Queen
,
and
indeed
the
whole
Nation
;
for
never
yet
had
England
a
Prince
born
of
so
noble
an
extract
and
grand
Alliance
,
his
father
by
lineal
right
&
desent
King
of
Great
Britain
and
Jreland
,
his
mother
daughter
to
that
thrice
illustrious
Prince
Henry
the
Fourth
,
King
of
France
,
and
worthily
sirnamed
the
Great
,
and
Maria
de
Medicis
.
By
his
Grandmothers
side
was
he
near
allied
to
the
Kings
of
Denmark
,
by
the
marriage
of
his
Aunt
,
the
noble
Princesse
Elizabeth
,
to
the
Elector
Palatine
of
Rhene
,
&
King
of
Bohemia
;
and
afterwards
by
the
marriage
of
his
Royal
Sister
the
Princesse
Mary
,
to
the
Prince
of
Orange
.
Thus
was
he
allied
to
most
,
of
the
most
potent
Princes
in
Christendome
.
And
happy
might
this
Nation
have
been
under
his
Government
,
if
we
may
believe
the
vogue
of
that
wisest
of
men
Solomon
,
who
pronounces
that
Kingdome
blessed
whose
Prince
is
the
son
of
Nobles
.
He
was
some
years
after
his
birth
(
according
to
the
ancient
Customes
of
England
for
the
Kings
Eldest
Son
)
invested
Prince
of
Wales
,
Duke
of
Cornwall
,
and
Earle
of
Chester
,
and
was
in
his
minority
brought
up
under
the
care
of
the
Earle
of
Newcastle
,
till
in
the
year
1646.
the
Lord
Hopton's
Army
,
in
which
he
was
,
being
near
inclosed
by
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
,
Generall
of
all
the
Parliaments
Forces
in
the
Devizes
of
Cornwall
,
and
the
King
his
Fathers
affairs
being
in
a
desperat
condition
all
over
England
,
he
was
by
the
serious
advice
of
his
best
friends
,
perswaded
to
take
shipping
,
and
depart
for
the
Scillies
,
from
whence
he
was
by
the
Parliament
invited
to
return
to
London
,
but
he
thought
it
safer
for
his
Person
to
depart
from
thence
to
his
Sister
at
the
Hague
,
till
the
Royall
affairs
in
England
might
gain
a
better
posture
,
which
he
did
,
and
there
found
a
reception
answerable
to
his
Birth
.
Not
long
after
the
King
his
Royall
Father
,
being
in
danger
to
be
inclosed
in
Oxford
by
General
Fairfax
,
who
returning
out
of
the
West
,
had
designed
to
block
it
up
,
took
care
for
his
safety
,
and
attended
only
by
Mr.
Ashburnham
(
or
as
some
say
,
attended
on
him
)
went
privily
our
thence
,
and
threw
himselfe
upon
the
Scotch
Army
then
at
Newark
,
who
shortly
after
notwithstanding
his
confidence
of
them
,
for
a
sum
of
money
delivered
him
up
most
perfidiously
and
traiterously
to
his
implacable
Enemies
;
the
English
Army
.
These
,
after
many
pretences
of
Treaties
,
and
seeming
willingness
to
come
to
an
accord
with
him
,
on
that
black
day
the
30.
of
January
1648.
most
villaniously
and
trayterously
,
beyond
the
imagination
of
the
World
,
murder'd
him
.
Thus
far
is
a
short
view
of
those
hardships
and
afflictions
undergone
by
this
noble
Prince
,
during
his
Fathers
Life
&
Reign
,
we
will
now
proceed
to
those
he
hath
since
ran
through
,
which
we
may
more
properly
and
particularly
call
his
Own
.
Among
which
the
Chief
and
greatest
,
and
from
whence
all
his
other
miseries
flowed
as
from
their
spring
head
,
was
the
deprivation
of
his
Kingdome
&
Royalties
;
For
that
part
of
the
Parliament
of
England
which
had
usurped
the
whole
power
or
more
,
were
not
onely
content
to
take
a
way
his
fathers
life
,
but
by
their
Proclamation
,
deprive
him
of
all
right
in
the
Government
of
those
three
Kingdomes
,
which
they
take
upon
themselves
contrary
both
to
the
Word
of
God
,
the
Fundamental
Laws
of
the
Nation
,
and
his
own
undoubted
right
by
birth
,
he
being
lineally
desended
from
that
Family
,
which
had
successively
governed
England
for
above
three
hundred
years
.
He
was
at
that
time
of
his
Fathers
death
,
at
the
Court
of
his
Sister
the
Royal
Princesse
of
Orange
in
the
Hague
,
in
expectation
to
hear
rather
of
the
Conclusion
of
a
Treaty
then
of
his
murder
,
to
which
effect
he
writ
by
the
Lord
Seymour
the
following
Letter
to
him
some
short
time
before
his
Death
.
For
the
King
.
SIR
,
HAving
no
means
to
come
to
the
knowledge
of
your
Majesties
present
condition
,
but
such
as
I
receive
from
the
Press
,
or
(
which
is
as
uncertain
)
reports
.
I
have
sent
this
bearer
Seymour
to
wait
upon
your
Majesty
,
and
to
bring
me
an
account
of
it
,
that
I
may
withall
assure
your
Majesty
,
I
doe
not
onely
pray
for
your
Majesty
according
to
my
duty
,
but
shall
alwayes
be
ready
to
doe
all
which
shall
be
in
my
power
to
deserve
that
blessing
which
I
now
humbly
beg
of
your
Majesty
upon
Sir
,
Your
Majesties
Most
humble
and
most
obedient
Son
and
Servant
,
CHARLES
—
Hague
Jan.
23.
1648.
And
here
he
staid
till
he
heard
the
heart
breaking
news
of
his
Fathers
Murther
,
then
shortly
after
he
took
his
Iourney
to
the
Queen
his
mother
in
France
;
hoping
there
to
get
aid
,
but
found
none
which
might
render
him
in
a
capacity
to
revenge
his
Father's
Death
,
or
demand
his
own
right
by
force
;
and
in
vain
it
was
to
think
of
any
fair
means
to
attain
it
.
Yet
there
wanted
not
some
friends
of
his
in
England
,
who
willing
to
demonstrate
how
ready
they
were
to
adventure
themselves
for
him
&
his
right
,
(
as
far
as
their
weak
abilities
would
strech
,
)
caused
under
hand
a
Proclamation
to
be
printed
,
proclaiming
him
King
of
England
,
Scotland
,
France
and
Ireland
,
and
advising
all
his
good
Subjects
to
give
all
due
Allegiance
to
him
;
but
the
low
condition
of
the
Royalists
then
in
England
,
and
the
great
strength
and
potency
of
the
Parliaments
Army
,
made
this
Proclamation
unvalid
,
and
those
who
at
a
fit
opportunity
would
willingly
have
complied
with
it
,
were
forced
to
direct
their
Obedience
to
the
contrary
Goal
.
But
though
England
prov'd
thus
defective
to
his
interest
,
not
so
much
I
dare
say
in
Allegiance
as
power
.
Yet
Jreland
is
at
his
Devotion
,
for
the
Marquess
of
Ormond
and
the
Lord
Inchiquin
,
having
made
a
peace
with
the
Quondam
Rebels
,
he
is
by
joynt
consent
both
of
Papists
and
Protestants
proclaimed
King
in
most
towns
of
that
Nation
,
Dublin
,
and
London-Derry
only
excepted
,
which
were
kept
from
their
Allegiance
,
the
one
by
the
Lieu.
General
Iones
,
the
other
by
Sir
Charles
Coote
,
who
joyntly
strove
to
justifie
the
Parliament
of
Englands
late
actions
.
He
being
thus
proclaimed
there
,
is
solemnly
invited
to
come
over
to
them
,
to
which
invitation
,
his
Mother
earnestly
adds
her
desires
,
but
the
best
of
his
friends
and
Counsellours
,
as
earnestly
disswaded
him
,
upon
reasons
drawn
both
from
prudence
and
Policy
,
since
in
probability
the
design
not
succeeding
,
it
would
utterly
ruine
his
hopes
,
with
all
the
Protestant
party
then
stedfast
to
him
both
in
Scotland
and
England
:
or
that
if
he
would
needs
venture
himselfe
with
this
party
,
they
desired
him
at
least
to
attend
,
whether
by
any
good
event
of
theirs
,
there
might
be
any
probability
of
successe
.
'T
is
supposed
that
this
Council
swaied
with
him
more
out
of
his
real
affection
to
the
Protestant
Religion
then
any
other
Politick
reason
.
Yet
he
immediately
after
took
a
journey
to
the
Isle
of
Iersey
,
which
startled
some
as
though
he
had
intended
to
have
proceeded
thence
for
Ireland
,
but
that
suspition
proved
unnecessary
:
he
was
accompanied
hither
by
his
Brother
the
Duke
of
York
,
(
who
was
lately
come
to
him
out
of
Holland
)
and
many
other
Nobles
&
Gentlemen
;
the
Islanders
immediately
upon
his
arrival
most
joyfully
proclaimed
him
King
;
and
the
Lord
Iermyn
Earle
of
Yarmouth
was
made
Governour
of
that
Island
,
who
constituted
Sir
George
Cartwright
his
deputy
Governour
.
The
King
sends
from
hence
his
Royal
command
to
the
Governour
of
Gernsey
Island
,
which
was
then
wholly
subjected
(
Cornet
Castle
only
excepted
)
to
the
Parliaments
sorces
requiring
him
to
surrender
the
said
Island
to
him
,
and
that
his
good
Subjects
there
might
have
liberty
to
return
to
their
due
obedience
:
but
his
command
proved
ineffectual
.
Many
affirm
,
but
how
true
I
know
not
,
that
the
reason
of
the
Kings
removal
to
this
Island
was
out
of
design
to
surprize
Dartmouth
and
some
other
places
in
the
West
,
by
the
Levellers
help
,
who
having
then
made
a
defection
from
the
Parliaments
Army
in
England
were
(
say
they
)
to
have
joyned
with
the
Royalists
for
the
intents
and
purposes
a
foresaid
,
but
whether
so
or
no
I
cannot
affirm
;
though
I
can
certainly
tell
this
,
that
were
it
so
,
it
proved
uneffectual
,
for
the
Levellers
were
soon
overpowred
and
quell'd
.
Whilst
King
Charles
was
hear
expecting
a
Messenger
from
the
States
of
Scotland
,
came
news
of
the
unfortunate
overthrow
of
the
Marquess
of
Ormond
his
Army
,
by
Lieu.
General
Iones
before
Dublin
,
which
caused
a
generall
sorrow
among
all
his
followers
,
for
there
had
been
great
hopes
&
expectations
of
that
Army
,
it
amounting
to
no
lesse
then
twenty
two
thousand
men
,
&
was
esteemed
able
not
onely
to
have
taken
Dublin
,
but
likewise
to
have
resisted
Cromwell's
then
new
comming
Army
in
the
field
:
yet
whether
by
the
carlessness
of
the
Commanders
,
or
security
of
the
Souldiers
,
I
am
loath
to
judge
:
this
mighty
Army
.
then
beleaguring
Dublin
,
was
beat
from
before
it
by
the
besieged
,
and
utterly
routed
by
the
third
part
of
its
Number
.
This
overthrow
,
the
repulse
of
Sir
Robert
Stuart
and
Col.
Mervin
from
London-Derry
by
Sir
Charles
Coot
and
Cromwell's
suddain
landing
in
Ireland
,
whose
motion
now
there
was
no
field
Army
either
to
attend
or
oppose
,
made
his
Majesties
affairs
grow
almost
as
desperate
in
Ireland
,
as
they
were
before
in
England
.
But
the
Scots
Kirk
who
had
sold
their
King
into
the
hands
of
the
Independant
English
Army
,
after
they
heard
that
they
had
condemned
him
to
death
,
repent
them
of
their
Wickedness
,
wash
their
hands
from
any
guilt
in
his
bloud
;
Expostulate
with
the
English
siting
in
Parliament
,
about
their
so
severe
proceedings
,
and
protest
against
having
any
hand
in
his
Murther
;
and
to
make
the
world
believe
they
had
yet
some
touch
of
loyalty
within
them
,
they
had
just
after
his
death
proclaimed
Charles
Prince
of
Wales
,
eldest
Son
to
the
late
murthered
King
Charles
the
first
,
and
his
lawfull
and
undoubted
Heir
,
King
of
Great
Britain
,
France
,
and
Ireland
;
and
had
immediately
resolved
in
the
Committee
of
Estates
then
sitting
to
send
some
fitting
persons
to
treat
with
his
Majesty
about
sundry
Articles
;
before
his
reception
to
the
Crown
,
but
long
debates
and
demurs
there
were
in
the
businesse
before
they
could
resolve
what
&
whom
to
send
.
For
some
there
were
in
this
Grand
Committee
of
Estates
,
who
,
fee'd
or
seduced
by
the
Sectaries
in
England
,
impeaded
to
the
utmost
of
their
power
and
endeavours
all
proceedings
in
the
businesse
,
so
that
once
in
stead
of
debating
what
or
whom
they
should
send
to
his
Majesty
,
it
came
to
be
a
debate
whether
they
should
send
or
no
,
but
at
length
a
Letter
and
Propositions
was
by
the
prevailing
part
concluded
on
,
and
Mr.
Windram
Laird
of
Libberton
,
appointed
to
be
the
Messenger
,
who
on
the
25.
of
September
1649.
received
his
dispatches
,
and
some
time
after
arrived
before
his
Majesty
at
Iersey
.
The
chief
of
their
desires
was
to
this
effect
.
That
his
Majesty
would
gratiously
be
pleased
himselfe
to
sign
the
Solemn
League
&
Covenant
,
and
that
he
would
passe
an
Act
in
Parliament
that
every
person
in
that
Kingdome
might
takeit
.
That
he
would
passe
divers
Acts
of
the
Parliament
of
Scotland
,
which
was
concluded
on
the
two
last
Sessions
.
1.
For
approving
of
their
disclaiming
Duke
Hamilton
's
last
return
.
2.
For
receiving
severall
Acts
made
by
English
for
the
Militia
.
3.
That
the
Kings
of
Scotland
may
have
no
negative
voice
.
3.
That
his
Majesty
would
recall
the
late
Commissions
given
to
Montrosse
.
4.
That
he
would
put
away
all
Papists
from
about
him
.
5.
That
he
would
appoint
some
place
about
Holland
to
treat
with
their
Commissioners
.
An
honourable
Company
of
the
most
noble
Lords
in
Scotland
,
being
to
be
appointed
to
attend
his
Majesty
,
to
whom
likewise
they
would
send
a
sufficient
provision
to
maintain
him
,
a
train
sutable
to
his
birth
and
deserved
greatnesse
.
6.
That
he
would
be
gratiously
pleased
to
give
a
speedy
answer
to
their
desires
.
These
Propositions
were
very
stifly
debated
Pro
and
Con
,
some
were
so
firce
that
they
would
have
his
Majesty
utterly
reject
the
Scots
Propositions
as
dishonourable
&
disadvantagious
to
his
affaires
.
Others
were
of
opinion
,
that
it
would
more
conduce
to
the
Kings
interest
to
accept
of
such
Conditions
as
he
could
agree
with
the
Scotch
Commissioners
,
which
would
be
a
readier
way
to
attain
the
Crown
then
by
Montrosse
his
designs
(
who
had
lately
received
Commissions
from
the
King
to
assault
the
North
of
Scotland
with
what
force
he
could
raise
,
however
the
business
was
still
demurred
and
delayed
,
and
no
answer
for
a
good
while
given
to
the
Lord
Libberton
,
who
earnestly
prest
it
,
till
such
time
as
answer
could
come
from
Montross
,
then
in
Holland
:
and
out
of
France
,
touching
their
opinions
concerning
these
Propositions
,
concerning
which
Montross
returned
answer
to
his
Majesty
,
desiring
him
to
harken
to
the
Scotch
Commissioners
whilst
they
would
propose
&
agree
to
any
thing
which
might
stand
with
his
Majesties
honour
for
the
restoring
him
to
his
Rights
and
Dignities
.
That
for
himselfe
he
should
rather
be
content
to
endure
banishment
from
his
highnesse
sight
and
person
,
then
in
the
least
prejudice
his
affaires
.
Thus
this
faithfull
and
loyall
servant
courted
banishment
,
(
as
the
late
famous
Earle
of
Strafford
had
done
death
)
for
his
Masters
good
&
service
,
but
too
generous
was
he
,
and
had
too
great
a
sence
of
goodnesse
&
gratitude
to
grant
his
request
,
but
returned
him
this
answer
,
That
he
had
so
high
a
sence
of
his
fidelity
and
loyalty
all
along
,
and
that
he
had
performed
so
many
signal
services
both
for
his
Father
and
himselfe
,
that
he
could
not
in
honour
leave
him
,
and
therefore
desired
him
to
press
him
no
farther
.
The
Queen
Mother
likewise
earnestly
presses
her
son
to
the
acceptance
of
the
Scotch
Propositions
for
a
Treaty
,
as
the
onely
and
readiest
way
for
the
establishing
him
in
his
Kingdoms
.
These
resolves
of
his
Mother
and
the
Marquess
of
Montross
,
wrought
strongly
with
his
Majesty
;
yet
notwithstanding
they
are
as
stoutly
opposed
by
the
Lord.
Cleveland
,
Byron
,
Gerard
,
&
others
;
whose
chief
opposition
proceeded
from
the
alledged
Treachery
of
the
Scots
to
his
Father
,
That
they
were
Scots
still
,
and
might
practice
the
same
upon
him
.
But
the
majority
of
voices
carrying
it
fora
Treaty
,
it
was
resolved
on
,
yet
in
regard
it
would
require
some
time
to
frame
an
answer
,
Sir
William
Fleming
was
sent
Agent
to
the
Committee
of
Estates
in
Scotland
,
'till
such
time
as
the
Laird
Libberton
could
be
dispatc't
.
Short
time
after
Mr.
Windram
returned
into
Scotland
with
a
Letter
and
instructions
by
word
of
mouth
,
whereby
he
gave
the
Committee
of
Estates
(
who
having
long
expected
were
therefore
more
desirous
to
hear
what
he
now
brought
)
an
account
how
much
he
found
his
Majesty
compliant
to
their
Propositions
,
viz
That
as
to
what
acted
to
the
two
last
Sessions
of
Parliament
he
was
content
a
Generall
Act
of
Oblivion
should
be
passed
,
but
could
not
approve
it
.
That
neither
those
of
Montrosses
nor
Duke
Hamilton
's
party
in
his
last
engagement
should
bear
Office
in
State
without
consent
of
Parliament
.
That
he
had
appointed
Breda
in
Holland
for
the
place
of
a
solemn
Treaty
,
for
the
making
a
full
accomodation
and
agreement
between
him
and
his
loving
Subjects
of
Scotland
.
The
Contents
of
his
Letter
were
as
followeth
.
For
the
Committee
of
Estates
of
Scotland
.
CHARLES
,
R.
VVE
have
received
your
Letters
lately
presented
to
us
,
by
Mr.
Windram
of
Libberton
,
and
we
accept
gratiously
all
the
expressions
of
affection
and
fidelity
therein
contained
towards
us
,
with
your
tender
resentment
of
our
present
Condition
,
and
the
just
indignation
which
you
profess
to
have
against
the
execrable
Murther
of
our
Father
:
and
we
believe
that
your
intentions
are
full
of
Candor
towards
us
,
as
we
are
,
and
always
really
have
been
desirous
to
settle
a
clear
and
right
intelligence
between
us
and
our
Subjects
of
our
ancient
Kingdome
of
Scotland
,
which
may
be
an
assured
foundation
of
their
happiness
and
peace
for
the
time
to
come
,
and
an
effectual
means
to
root
out
all
the
seeds
of
animosity
&
divisions
caused
by
these
late
troubles
;
and
also
to
unite
the
hearts
and
affections
of
our
Subjects
one
to
another
,
and
of
them
all
to
us
their
King
and
lawfull
Soveraign
;
to
the
end
that
by
their
Obedience
to
our
Royal
and
just
Authority
,
we
may
be
put
in
a
condition
to
maintain
them
in
peace
and
prosperity
,
&
to
protect
them
in
their
Religion
&
Liberty
,
as
it
appartains
to
us
according
to
our
charge
&
office
of
a
King
.
And
as
we
have
alwayes
resolved
to
contribute
whatever
is
to
be
done
by
us
to
obtain
these
good
effects
,
&
for
the
just
satisfaction
of
all
our
Subjects
in
this
Kingdome
.
We
have
now
thought
fit
upon
the
Return
of
Mr.
Windram
,
to
command
&
desire
you
to
send
unto
us
Commissioners
,
sufficiently
authorized
to
treat
&
agree
with
us
,
both
in
relation
to
the
Interest
&
just
satisfaction
of
our
Subjects
there
,
as
also
concerning
the
aid
&
assistance
,
which
in
all
reason
we
may
expect
from
them
to
bring
and
reduce
the
murtherers
of
our
late
most
dear
Father
of
happy
memory
to
condign
punishment
,
&
to
recover
our
just
rights
in
all
our
Kingdomes
.
And
we
will
that
they
attend
us
on
the
fifteenth
of
March
at
the
Town
of
Breda
,
where
we
intend
to
be
in
Order
thereunto
.
And
in
confidence
of
a
Treaty
,
as
also
to
make
known
to
you
&
all
the
World
,
that
we
sincerely
desire
to
be
agreed
,
We
have
resolved
to
Addresse
these
unto
you
under
the
Name
&
Title
of
a
Committee
of
Estates
of
our
Kingdome
of
Scotland
,
and
will
and
expect
that
you
use
this
grace
no
otherwayes
for
any
advantage
to
the
prejudice
of
us
,
or
our
Affairs
,
beyond
what
we
have
given
this
Qualification
and
Title
for
,
namely
,
for
the
Treaty
and
in
order
to
it
.
Although
we
have
considerations
sufficient
,
and
very
important
to
disswade
and
oblige
us
to
doe
nothing
in
this
kind
antecedently
at
this
time
.
Also
we
hope
the
confidence
which
we
declare
to
have
in
your
clear
and
candid
intentions
towards
us
,
will
furnish
you
with
strong
Arguments
to
form
in
your selves
a
mutual
confidence
in
us
,
which
by
the
blessing
of
God
Almighty
by
your
just
&
prudent
moderation
,
and
by
that
great
desire
we
have
to
oblige
all
our
Subjects
of
that
Kingdome
,
and
by
the
means
of
the
Treaty
which
we
attend
&
hope
for
may
be
a
good
foundation
of
a
full
and
happy
peace
,
and
an
assured
security
to
this
Nation
for
the
time
to
come
,
which
we
assure
you
is
wished
of
us
with
passion
,
and
which
we
shall
endeavour
by
all
means
in
our
power
to
effect
.
This
is
the
full
of
his
Majesties
Letter
to
the
Cōmittee
of
Estates
in
Scotland
,
&
much
to
this
effect
was
there
another
writ
by
him
to
the
Committee
of
the
Kirk
.
But
this
I
the
rather
fully
insert
in
regard
of
the
many
Calumnies
cast
upon
it
,
and
by
it
upon
his
Majesty
:
His
enemies
here
by
taking
occasion
to
carp
at
him
,
by
pretending
his
inveterate
desire
of
revenge
,
which
was
so
contrary
to
the
last
precepts
given
him
by
his
dying
father
.
I
think
,
I
need
not
answer
his
enemies
objection
,
they
by
those
carps
,
only
condemning
themselves
of
a
self-guiltinesse
,
but
to
the
more
sober
sort
of
people
I
shall
refer
it
,
and
let
them
seriously
consider
whether
the
begining
,
progresse
and
end
of
the
Latter
,
demonstrate
him
not
a
man
more
addicted
to
peace
&
quietnesse
,
then
to
revenge
and
destruction
.
The
principall
Objection
which
his
enemies
have
against
him
,
is
,
that
he
desires
the
aid
of
his
Scotch
Subjects
,
to
bring
the
Murderers
of
his
Father
to
condigne
punishment
;
does
this
shew
him
a
lover
of
Revenge
or
of
Justice
?
I
would
fain
know
which
of
his
enemies
or
of
his
Fathers
Murderers
,
would
not
,
should
I
have
done
the
same
to
any
of
their
so
near
Relations
,
have
endeavoured
to
have
brought
me
under
the
utmost
censure
of
the
Law
.
But
to
proceed
,
these
Letters
are
seriously
debated
both
in
the
Committee
of
Estates
and
Kirk
the
first
order
its
consideration
to
a
select
sub
Committee
of
their
own
,
consisting
of
nine
Lords
and
others
,
who
present
their
opinions
upon
it
to
the
grand
Committee
,
and
these
provide
ready
a
state
of
the
Case
to
be
presented
to
the
Parliament
of
Scotland
which
was
shortly
after
to
assemble
.
But
mean
while
a
select
number
of
the
Kirk
and
State
made
up
a
Committee
,
who
by
common
consent
were
to
consider
what
was
to
be
done
about
sending
Commissioners
and
Propositions
to
his
Majesty
;
these
had
strong
and
serious
debates
;
for
the
arrogant
Kirkmen
would
not
have
his
Majesty
admitted
into
Scotland
,
but
upon
Conditions
which
should
make
him
wholly
subservient
to
their
commands
:
but
the
State
would
have
such
tart
Conditions
wholly
waved
;
and
(
though
their
own
were
rough
enough
,
yet
)
at
length
a
mediation
is
concluded
on
between
theirs
and
the
Kirk
.
And
the
Earl
of
Castles
,
the
Lord
Louthian
,
Burley
,
&
Libberton
,
Sir
Iohn
Smith
and
Mr.
Jeoffreys
for
the
Estates
.
Mr.
Broady
,
Lawson
and
Wood
are
appointed
Commissioners
for
the
Kirk
.
These
having
received
their
Commissions
and
Instructions
,
took
their
journy
for
Holland
and
arrived
at
Breda
,
some
few
dayes
before
his
Majesty
got
thither
.
On
the
16.
March
1649.
he
also
arrived
there
,
and
on
the
19.
the
Lord
Wentworth
Master
of
the
Ceremonies
conducted
them
to
Audience
,
being
come
before
his
Majesty
,
who
in
a
large
Chamber
purposely
provided
,
expected
them
,
The
Lord
Castles
in
behalfe
of
the
Estates
,
and
Mr.
Lawson
in
behalf
of
the
Kirk
,
having
made
their
Speeches
,
declared
the
occasiō
of
their
coming
,
and
shewing
their
Commissions
,
they
delivered
the
ensuing
Propositions
in
the
behalfe
both
of
the
Kirk
&
State
of
Scotland
.
1.
That
all
those
who
had
been
excommunicated
by
the
Church
,
and
still
continued
so
,
should
be
forbid
accesse
to
the
Court.
2.
That
all
Acts
of
the
Parliament
of
Scotland
should
be
by
him
ratified
and
approved
of
.
That
the
solemn
League
and
Covenant
,
the
Presbyterian
Church-government
,
The
Directory
,
Confession
and
Catechism
should
be
enjoyned
in
Scotland
;
and
the
same
used
and
practised
in
his
family
,
and
an
Oath
to
be
taken
by
him
,
that
he
would
never
oppose
it
,
or
endeavour
to
alter
it
.
3.
That
he
would
by
solemne
Oath
,
&
under
his
hand
&
seal
declare
and
acknowledge
his
allowance
of
the
solemne
League
and
Covenant
,
&
the
National
Covenant
of
Scotland
.
4.
That
he
would
consent
and
agree
that
all
civil
matters
might
be
determined
by
subsequent
Parliaments
in
Scotland
,
and
all
Ecclesiastical
matters
by
the
General
Kirk
assembly
,
as
was
formerly
granted
by
his
Royal
father
.
To
these
Propositions
his
Majesty
demanded
,
Whether
this
were
fully
and
wholly
all
that
the
Committee
of
Estates
and
Kirk
in
Scotland
had
to
desire
or
propound
?
&
whether
these
Commissioners
had
power
to
remit
or
recede
from
any
of
these
particulars
;
and
further
,
what
they
had
to
propound
concerning
his
affairs
in
Scotland
.
To
whch
the
Commissioners
replied
,
That
they
had
acquainted
him
with
their
full
power
,
according
to
the
instructions
they
had
received
from
the
Committees
of
Estates
and
Kirk
in
Scotland
Upon
which
his
Majesty
made
answer
;
that
he
would
consider
of
their
Propositions
,
and
doubted
not
but
to
return
them
such
an
Answer
as
might
give
his
Kingdom
of
Scotland
satisfaction
:
and
so
dismissed
them
for
the
present
.
But
let
us
thus
leave
his
Majesty
and
Councel
debating
about
the
Scotch
Commissioners
propositions
,
and
discourse
a
little
about
his
affairs
under
the
conduct
of
the
thrice
noble
and
Illustrious
Marquess
of
Montrosse
,
who
having
(
notwithstanding
the
opposition
which
Hamilton
gave
to
the
design
)
obtained
Commissioners
from
his
Majesty
to
leavy
what
force
he
could
on
that
side
the
sea
,
endeavoured
to
the
utmost
of
his
power
to
effect
it
,
but
chiefly
among
the
Princes
of
the
German
Empire
,
where
he
found
large
and
fair
promises
,
but
very
little
real
assistance
,
onely
the
Duke
of
Holstein
supplied
him
with
four
ships
well
arm'd
and
mann'd
,
though
these
were
likewise
by
some
strange
neglect
delayed
a
long
time
at
Amsterdam
,
which
much
retarded
the
service
.
Colonel
Cochram
likewise
who
had
been
sent
agent
into
Poland
to
the
Scottish
Merchants
there
for
assistance
of
men
and
money
,
having
received
a
considerable
quantity
of
money
,
and
good
supply
of
corn
,
disposed
of
the
first
to
his
own
use
,
sold
the
other
,
and
himselfe
revolted
from
the
service
.
General
King
,
who
was
expected
out
of
Sweden
with
a
party
of
Horse
,
came
not
at
all
;
so
many
crosses
there
were
in
the
begining
of
the
business
as
had
Omens
to
it's
future
ill
successe
.
But
at
length
the
Marquesse
fearing
least
if
the
King
should
conclude
with
the
Scots
before
he
had
attempted
any
thing
,
his
Cōmissions
would
be
recalled
,
fatally
resolved
to
depart
Scotland
as
he
was
.
So
with
four
ships
indifferētly
well
armed
,
(
but
with
not
above
six
or
seaven
hundred
men
,
&
those
most
stangers
)
besides
a
small
Frigat
of
sixteen
Guns
,
&
one
thousand
five
hundred
good
Armes
given
him
by
the
Queen
of
Sweden
;
he
set
sail
,
&
this
was
all
the
strength
he
carried
with
him
from
Hamburgh
to
assault
that
potent
Kingdom
.
Two
of
these
ships
,
and
those
the
biggest
;
were
sent
before
,
&
directed
to
steer
their
course
for
the
Orcades
,
but
these
unfortunately
met
with
a
storm
;
and
where
amongst
those
rocky
Islands
,
their
men
,
arms
&
amunition
was
cast
away
,
so
that
a
third
part
of
the
Forces
raised
for
this
expedition
was
lost
.
But
notwithstanding
these
fatal
disasters
,
the
sad
presages
of
his
ruine
,
the
noble
Marquess
proceeds
,
and
with
the
small
number
that
was
left
him
,
lands
amongst
the
Islands
where
he
gets
together
a
pretty
considerable
number
which
had
almost
the
face
of
an
Army
,
but
was
for
the
most
part
composed
of
raw
and
unskilfull
fellows
,
a
party
of
these
he
sends
out
,
who
without
resistance
enters
the
Isle
of
Orkney
,
there
being
no
Garrison
there
;
from
thence
he
dispatches
Commissioners
to
Scotland
,
and
the
Island
adjacent
,
for
the
levying
of
Horse
and
Foot
,
which
because
the
inhabitants
of
those
places
to
which
they
were
sent
could
not
resist
,
obeyed
;
and
not
long
after
the
sending
of
those
Commissions
,
Montrosse
himself
;
with
those
forces
he
had
,
and
those
Gentlemen
,
resolved
to
engage
in
partaking
of
his
fortune
,
landed
in
Scotland
.
at
the
point
of
Cathanes
,
the
very
farthest
land
to
the
Northwest
of
that
Kingdom
.
The
people
here
whom
he
expected
to
have
joyned
with
him
(
were
so
sensible
of
the
miseries
of
the
former
war
,
and
now
more
terrified
with
the
name
of
Forraigners
,
)
deserted
their
dwellings
,
and
fled
away
,
some
never
stopping
till
they
came
to
Edenbrough
.
The
Parliament
of
Scotland
who
were
now
assembled
,
though
they
had
former
advice
of
the
Marquess's
designes
,
yet
could
not
tell
the
place
of
his
landing
,
but
now
alarm'd
by
the
flying
Countrey
:
David
Lesley
is
commanded
with
the
body
of
the
Army
to
march
directly
towards
them
for
feare
Montross
should
grow
too
numerous
:
and
Colonel
Straughan
,
whose
valour
the
States
highly
approved
,
is
ordered
with
a
party
of
select
Horse
to
advance
before
,
to
hinder
the
Marquess's
levyes
,
and
if
he
saw
oportunity
to
fight
him
.
Montrosse
in
the
mean
time
to
satisfie
the
World
,
and
because
the
people
should
not
be
startled
at
his
Invasion
,
whilst
the
King
was
upon
Treaty
,
publishes
a
very
patheticall
Declaration
,
declaring
the
justness
of
his
cause
,
and
to
clear
himselfe
from
the
aspertion
of
sinister
ends
,
and
that
his
intention
was
only
against
some
particular
persons
,
who
had
against
the
Laws
of
the
Kingdome
,
raised
and
maintained
a
war
against
his
Majesties
father
.
and
did
now
by
their
wiles
and
subtile
practices
endeavour
to
destroy
the
Son
also
;
&
therefore
exhorting
all
Subjects
of
that
Nation
to
endeavour
to
free
themselves
from
the
Tyranny
of
those
who
then
by
an
usurped
power
ruled
over
them
.
But
notwithstanding
this
Declaration
,
the
Countrey
came
very
slowly
in
.
Straughan
in
the
mean
time
advances
with
all
possible
speed
towards
the
Royall
party
,
whilest
Montross
had
not
(
for
indeed
he
could
not
effect
)
any
thing
Material
besides
the
fortifying
of
Dunbath
Castle
:
but
the
Marquess
hearing
of
the
enemies
approach
,
made
his
whole
Forces
march
at
a
great
rate
to
recover
a
pass
;
yet
nevertheless
before
they
could
come
at
it
,
the
front
of
the
Army
discovered
Straughan's
forlorn
hope
,
who
marching
with
hast
upon
the
Marquesses
Army
,
found
them
both
almost
tired
,
&
out
of
breath
&
Order
;
howevera
forlorn
hope
of
a
100.
foot
are
drawn
out
to
meet
them
,
who
giving
them
a
resolute
Charge
forced
them
to
an
Orderly
Retreat
,
but
being
seconded
by
Straughan's
whole
body
of
Horse
they
again
maintained
their
ground
resolutely
Charging
upon
the
Marquesses
main
body
:
the
Islanders
immediately
threw
down
their
Arms
and
cryed
for
quarter
,
but
the
Holsteiners
and
Hamburgers
made
an
Orderly
retreat
for
the
present
into
some
bushes
,
which
having
a
short
time
defended
,
they
were
at
last
enforced
to
yeild
.
This
was
a
sad
blow
to
his
Majesties
affairs
in
Scotland
,
there
being
great
hopes
,
that
had
Montross
succeeded
and
kept
them
in
play
,
both
Kirk
and
State
would
have
come
to
milder
Conditions
with
him
:
Yet
the
Marquess
himselfe
escaped
for
the
present
out
of
this
Battel
,
Though
there
were
hear
two
hundred
slain
,
and
twelve
hundred
taken
in
the
field
(
for
the
Countrey
coming
in
upon
them
,
few
escaped
,
(
Amongst
the
Prisoners
of
note
,
there
were
taken
Col.
Hurry
,
the
Lord
Frenderick
,
Sir
Francis
Hay
of
Dalgettey
,
Col.
Hay
of
Noughton
,
Col.
Gray
and
several
other
Officers
;
together
with
the
Kings
Standard
,
which
contained
this
Emphaticall
Motto
,
JUDGE
AND
REVENG
MY
CAUSE
O
LORD
;
and
whereon
was
pourtrayed
to
the
life
the
Effigies
of
his
Majesties
Father
beheaded
.
But
long
it
was
not
ere
this
thrice
Heroick
Marquess
fell
into
the
hands
of
these
cruel
,
Obdurate
&
inveterate
enemies
;
for
though
when
he
saw
the
Battell
at
a
losse
,
he
had
saved
himselfe
by
escaping
out
of
the
field
,
and
had
afterwards
to
disguise
himselfe
changed
his
habit
with
an
Highlander
,
yet
all
could
not
prevail
to
his
Escape
,
for
the
whole
Country
was
raised
up
in
armes
in
search
after
him
,
and
a
price
set
upon
his
head
by
the
States
,
but
espetially
the
Presbyterian
Ministers
exhorted
the
people
to
endeavour
his
atachment
,
as
a
thing
necessary
to
their
Salvation
.
At
length
the
whole
Countrey
being
up
in
armes
about
him
,
and
no
way
left
for
this
distressed
Marquess
to
escape
,
he
thought
it
better
to
throw
himselfe
upon
the
Lord
Aston
,
formerly
a
friend
of
his
,
and
now
out
in
the
search
with
some
of
his
Tennants
,
then
fall
into
the
hands
of
his
more
inveterate
and
implacable
enemies
.
But
this
Lord
,
notwithstanding
he
had
formerly
been
Montross's
follower
,
either
out
of
fear
or
covetousness
durst
not
conceal
him
;
but
sent
him
with
a
strong
guard
to
David
Lesly
;
by
whom
he
was
directly
sent
to
Edenbrough
,
&
shortly
after
brought
to
his
Tryall
before
the
Parliamant
of
Scotland
:
where
all
the
while
notwithstanding
those
many
ignominious
affronts
and
disgraces
thrown
upon
him
(
as
his
being
intriumphant
manner
brought
through
Edenbrough
bound
in
a
Cart
)
yet
he
carried
himself
with
so
much
Magnanimity
and
Courrage
,
That
those
of
his
Enemies
,
who
did
not
pity
him
,
yet
were
almost
ashamed
of
their
vilainies
towards
him
.
The
Parliament
of
Scotland
upon
the
first
newes
of
this
Noble
Marquess
being
made
a
Prisoner
,
met
,
and
resolved
to
pass
a
sentence
upon
him
before
either
he
was
come
up
,
or
had
at
all
answered
for
himself
,
&
though
,
when
they
allowed
him
to
speak
somwhat
for
himself
,
(
which
he
pronounced
with
gravity
void
of
passion
,
)
yet
he
had
as
good
have
held
his
peace
;
for
the
sentence
being
agreed
upon
,
it
was
past
to
this
effect
.
That
he
should
be
carried
to
the
place
from
whence
he
came
,
and
from
thence
(
to
morrow
being
the
21.
day
of
May
1650.
)
be
carried
to
the
high
Cross
in
Edinbruogh
and
be
hanged
upon
a
Gibbe
thirty
foot
high
,
and
there
hang
for
the
space
of
three
hours
in
the
sight
and
view
of
all
people
,
with
his
History
and
Declaration
hanging
about
his
Neck
;
after
which
he
should
be
taken
down
,
beheaded
and
quartered
;
his
head
to
be
placed
upon
,
he
Talbooth
or
prison
house
in
Edenbrough
,
and
his
legs
&
arms
over
the
gates
of
the
Cities
of
Sterling
,
Glascow
,
S.
Iohns
town
and
Aberdeen
.
And
in
case
he
repented
(
by
which
means
his
sentence
of
Excomunication
might
be
taken
off
by
the
Kirk
)
the
bulk
of
his
body
might
be
buried
in
Grayfriers
,
if
not
,
to
be
buried
in
the
Common
burying
place
for
thieves
and
robbers
.
Thus
far
did
their
unparallel'd
hatred
and
malice
extend
even
to
his
dead
Corps
.
This
Sentence
being
aggravated
by
the
Chancellour
in
the
utmost
terms
of
horrour
that
his
spleen
could
invent
,
was
yet
mildly
and
unpassionately
received
by
this
Illustrious
Marquess
,
who
answered
nothing
to
it
.
But
,
That
he
took
it
for
a
greater
honour
to
have
his
head
stand
on
the
prison
gate
for
this
quarrel
,
then
to
have
his
picture
in
the
Kings
Bed-chambers
;
and
least
his
loyalty
should
be
forgotten
,
they
had
highly
honoured
him
,
in
designing
lasting
Monuments
to
four
of
the
chiefest
Cities
to
bear
up
his
memorial
to
all
posterity
;
wishing
he
had
flesh
enough
to
have
sent
a
piece
to
every
City
in
Christendome
,
to
witness
his
loyalty
to
his
King
and
Countrey
.
The
next
day
being
the
day
appointed
for
his
execution
,
richly
habited
,
in
a
scarlet
Cloak
laced
with
gold
,
but
his
soul
adorned
with
constant
Loyalty
the
far
richer
Ornament
of
the
two
,
he
marched
along
the
street
with
so
composed
a
Courrage
&
Gravity
,
that
most
of
his
Enemies
either
pityed
or
admired
him
:
being
come
to
the
place
of
execution
,
he
was
some
time
detained
with
many
frivolous
questions
of
the
flea-bitten
Clergy
,
being
ready
to
mount
up
the
lader
,
he
said
it
was
Jacob
's
Lader
by
which
he
should
mount
to
Heaven
.
His
Speech
to
the
people
was
short
and
much
to
this
effect
.
That
he
was
sory
if
his
end
should
be
scandalous
to
any
good
Christian
:
but
that
it
often
happened
to
the
Righteous
according
to
the
wayes
of
the
wicked
,
that
they
who
knew
him
should
not
disesteem
him
for
his
ignominious
death
.
That
he
confessed
it
was
the
judgement
of
God
upon
him
for
his
privat
sins
;
but
as
for
his
condemners
,
they
were
but
instruments
.
That
they
had
perverted
judgement
and
justice
and
oppressed
the
poor
:
yet
he
desired
God
to
forgive
them
,
for
he
heartily
forgave
them
.
That
what
he
did
in
that
Kingdome
,
he
did
it
in
obedience
to
the
just
commands
of
his
Sovereign
,
to
assist
him
against
those
which
rose
up
against
him
.
That
it
was
not
his
fault
that
he
lay
under
the
sensure
of
the
Church
,
since
't
was
only
for
doing
his
duty
.
That
for
what
was
said
of
him
that
he
should
blame
the
King
,
he
said
,
't
was
most
false
,
for
(
saies
he
)
the
late
King
lived
a
Saint
,
and
died
a
Martyr
.
That
if
ever
he
should
wish
his
soul
in
any
mans
place
,
it
should
be
in
his
.
That
for
the
King
now
living
,
he
was
a
Prince
under
whom
any
people
might
live
most
happily
,
his
commands
were
righteous
,
his
promises
saithfull
,
and
his
dealings
just
.
Finally
,
that
he
commended
his
soul
to
God
,
his
service
to
his
Prince
,
his
good
will
to
his
friends
,
and
his
name
&
charity
to
all
good
people
.
This
was
the
sum
of
his
speech
on
the
ladder
,
which
,
and
some
private
prayers
being
finished
:
he
mounted
up
the
top
of
that
prodigious
Gibbet
,
where
his
History
and
Declaration
being
tied
about
his
neck
,
and
his
hands
bound
by
the
Executioner
,
he
turned
about
and
gave
him
some
gold
,
asking
;
If
they
had
any
more
dishonour
,
as
they
conceived
it
,
to
put
upon
him
,
he
was
ready
to
accept
it
,
and
then
with
a
great
deal
of
magnanimity
,
biding
the
Executioner
turn
him
off
when
he
should
hold
up
his
hands
,
it
was
accordingly
performed
.
Thus
nobly
lived
,
and
thus
ignominiously
&
yet
nobly
died
:
the
truest
of
friends
,
the
loyallest
of
Subjects
,
the
faithfullest
of
Servants
,
the
best
of
Masters
,
and
the
valiantest
of
Captains
.
Iames
Graham
,
Marquess
of
Montross
Earl
of
Rindardin
,
Lord
of
Groaem
and
Baron
of
Montdieu
,
whose
death
was
not
only
lamented
as
a
private
but
rather
as
publick
loss
:
most
of
the
Princes
in
Europe
deploring
the
unfortunate
fall
of
so
Noble
and
Heroick
a
person
;
for
he
was
endowed
with
such
winning
graces
,
that
whereever
he
came
he
was
both
honoured
and
esteemed
,
and
whereever
he
Commanded
,
both
feared
and
loved
.
His
enemies
Mallicce
,
though
he
was
dead
,
kept
still
alive
;
for
after
they
had
beheaded
him
and
cut
off
his
quarters
,
they
would
not
permit
that
bulk
of
his
body
which
remained
to
be
buried
in
any
other
place
then
the
Borough
Moor.
But
this
Noble
Marquess
suffered
not
alone
,
for
soon
after
Col.
Hurrie
(
notwithstanding
he
pleaded
the
benefit
of
Quarter
,
young
Spotswood
of
Daersie
,
A
most
compleat
Gentleman
)
Sir
Francis
Hay
,
&
Col.
Sibbalds
,
two
most
accomplished
persons
,
though
they
had
all
the
favour
to
be
beheaded
.
There
was
likewise
one
Captain
Charters
,
who
being
put
in
hopes
of
life
by
the
perfidious
Kirk
,
upon
his
recantation
,
made
a
long
speech
upon
the
Scaffold
,
acknowledging
his
Apostacy
from
the
Covenant
,
and
desiring
to
be
reconciled
to
the
Kirk
but
had
notwithstanding
his
head
struck
off
,
This
was
the
fatall
and
Tragicall
Event
of
his
Majesties
affairs
in
Scotland
under
Montrosse's
Conduct
:
let
us
now
turn
to
see
how
the
treaty
at
Breda
went
on
in
the
mean
time
.
But
before
I
proceed
any
further
,
give
me
leave
to
speak
a
word
or
two
,
concerning
the
Magnanimous
Col.
Will
.
Sibbalds
,
who
(
say
some
)
confessed
himselfe
guilty
of
the
Murther
of
D.
Dorislaus
the
English
Agent
at
the
Hague
,
which
I
must
ingeniously
confesse
I
believe
upon
good
ground
to
be
only
a
Calumny
and
scandal
raised
from
the
so
far
extended
Marice
of
his
enemies
;
for
I
can
find
nothing
either
in
his
speech
at
Death
,
or
in
any
Records
of
credit
tending
to
such
a
confession
,
though
much
against
any
likelyhood
of
it
:
nor
can
I
imagine
that
any
man
could
with
so
much
resolution
as
he
dyed
with
,
part
from
this
world
,
and
have
so
great
a
load
and
blot
upon
Conscience
.
But
to
proceed
,
Great
debates
there
were
in
the
mean
time
between
his
Majesty
and
the
Scotch
Commissioners
concerning
the
Treaty
,
and
great
demurs
there
were
upon
it
;
for
besides
the
striving
of
some
Lords
who
had
a
kind
of
a
serious
Antipathy
to
the
Scots
perfidiousness
,
and
endeavoured
to
perswade
his
Majesty
not
to
trust
them
who
had
betrayed
his
Father
.
The
King
himselfe
stuck
highly
as
he
had
reason
,
about
the
business
of
of
taking
the
Covenant
;
For
,
1.
There
was
no
reason
why
he
should
be
enforced
to
relinquish
the
Religion
of
his
Fathers
,
and
whilst
he
permitted
to
his
Subjects
Liberty
of
Conscience
,
it
would
be
very
inconsistent
with
their
so
earnestly
pretended
desires
of
a
peace
and
agreement
,
to
deny
him
the
same
priviledge
which
he
gave
them
.
2.
That
Covenant
tendered
,
and
so
earnestly
prest
upon
him
by
them
,
was
an
Obligatory
Covenant
to
bind
the
Subjects
to
him
,
and
not
for
him
to
swear
to
;
and
therefore
he
judged
it
sufficiently
satisfactory
to
pass
an
act
for
the
peoples
taking
it
.
Whilst
these
demurs
and
delayes
were
in
the
Treaty
,
the
Scotch
Commissioners
give
a
visit
to
the
Illustrious
Prince
of
Orange
,
whom
they
intreat
to
be
a
Mediator
between
them
and
their
King
.
His
Majesty
likewise
withdrawes
himselfe
for
some
time
from
Breda
to
the
Hague
,
there
to
advise
with
his
Aunt
the
Queen
of
Bohemia
,
the
Prince
of
Orange
and
other
friends
,
about
what
he
were
best
to
resolve
on
,
or
determine
.
But
the
Estates
of
Scotland
though
their
proposed
Conditions
were
already
unreasonable
,
yet
resolve
to
add
more
weight
to
the
scale
:
the
Earl
of
Carnworth
and
Mr.
Murrey
are
sent
over
to
the
Commissioners
at
Breda
with
new
instructions
and
propositions
;
As
,
1.
That
his
Maiesty
should
confirm
all
Acts
done
in
some
late
Sessions
of
Parliament
,
without
any
exception
.
2.
That
neither
Montross
nor
any
of
his
adherents
be
admitted
to
come
into
the
Kingdome
of
Scotland
.
But
notwithstanding
the
harshness
of
the
Conditions
,
the
King
is
earnestly
pressed
to
come
to
a
full
conclusion
with
the
Scots
,
Though
many
Lords
of
the
contrary
faction
pleaded
for
an
utter
rejection
of
their
propositions
,
alleadging
to
his
Majesty
,
That
the
Covenanters
horid
perfidousness
to
his
Father
might
be
a
sufficient
motive
and
inducement
for
him
not
to
trust
them
;
That
the
more
willing
he
was
to
condiscend
to
their
Propositiōs
,
the
more
impudent
they
were
still
in
proposing
things
most
unreasonable
;
That
should
he
accept
of
their
Conditions
,
they
would
so
tye
up
his
hands
that
he
would
be
then
but
a
King
only
in
Title
,
which
he
was
without
them
.
On
the
other
side
,
the
Earl
of
Lauderdale
,
the
Lord
Wilmot
,
Piercy
,
and
others
of
his
Majesties
Council
who
stood
for
an
accomodation
with
the
Scots
,
urged
,
That
his
Majesties
affairs
both
in
Ireland
,
under
the
Marquess
of
Montross
,
and
in
the
Navy
under
Prince
Pupert
,
were
in
so
weak
and
tottering
a
Condition
,
that
no
helpe
could
be
expected
from
them
;
That
all
the
Princes
in
Europe
were
so
imbroyled
in
Wars
of
their
own
,
that
it
was
in
vain
to
crave
any
Forreign
aid
;
&
that
therefore
there
was
no
way
left
for
his
Majesty
to
regain
his
lost
Rights
and
Kingdoms
but
by
complying
with
his
Subjects
of
Scotland
,
and
though
it
were
upon
such
Conditions
as
would
at
first
seem
harsh
,
those
Curbs
might
in
time
(
possession
got
)
be
thrown
off
by
degrees
;
these
reasons
swayed
with
his
Majesty
,
&
the
Treay
went
on
with
a
clearer
face
then
formerly
.
But
now
there
happens
a
strong
demur
,
or
as
most
supposed
,
a
business
that
would
wholly
break
off
the
Treaty
,
for
the
newes
of
Montrosse's
ignominious
death
being
come
to
Breda
,
extreamly
incensed
the
whole
Court
,
and
those
who
were
against
the
Treaty
,
bestirred
themselves
strongly
,
still
endeavouring
to
avert
the
King
wholly
from
it
,
by
telling
him
,
That
they
had
by
thus
murthering
his
Leiutennant
,
Demonstrated
to
the
World
what
they
would
do
to
him
if
they
had
him
in
their
power
;
That
it
was
an
act
of
rashnesse
and
desperation
to
trust
them
,
or
to
have
any
more
to
do
with
such
a
perfidious
generation
;
That
they
only
cunningly
and
subtilly
endeavoured
to
entrap
him
that
they
might
destroy
him
.
But
notwithstanding
their
heat
,
his
Majesty
conceals
his
anger
,
(
which
doubtless
could
not
but
be
great
,
for
the
death
and
the
so
Ignominious
death
of
so
good
and
loyal
a
subject
and
Servant
;
and
that
too
in
his
quarrel
,
and
for
obeying
his
just
commands
(
only
he
expresses
his
resentment
of
their
so
strange
proceedings
to
the
Committee
of
Estates
by
a
Message
sent
by
Mr.
Murrey
to
this
effect
.
That
it
could
not
but
grieve
and
perplex
him
to
hear
,
that
whilst
they
pretended
to
conclude
a
peace
,
they
proceeded
in
the
way
of
War
;
and
that
whilst
they
treated
of
an
accord
with
him
,
they
shed
the
bloud
of
his
best
Subjects
,
and
that
in
such
a
manner
,
that
if
true
as
reported
,
they
could
not
imagine
but
it
must
extreamly
incense
him
,
he
therefore
desired
them
to
give
him
an
account
of
their
businesse
.
To
this
they
return
Answer
.
That
their
affections
were
still
reall
to
him
,
&
that
it
rejoyced
their
very
soules
,
to
hear
that
he
would
be
willing
to
concur
with
them
in
a
peace
and
agreement
,
That
as
for
the
Death
of
Montross
,
they
desired
it
might
be
no
obstacle
in
the
way
,
for
that
they
did
nothing
in
it
but
with
a
reall
intention
to
promote
his
interest
.
Thus
they
endeavoured
to
excuse
them selves
,
but
it
was
not
their
excuse
,
nor
their
so
many
reiterated
Protestations
of
fidelity
,
but
the
necessity
of
the
Kings
affairs
,
which
drew
him
not
long
after
to
conclude
the
Treaty
at
Breda
(
notwithstanding
the
violent
opposers
of
it
)
by
condescending
to
most
of
their
desires
The
conclusion
of
the
Treaty
was
soon
carried
to
Edenbrough
,
where
the
Parliament
being
met
,
it
was
yet
by
some
of
those
who
favoured
the
Secterian
party
in
England
made
a
debate
,
whether
they
should
make
any
more
addresses
to
the
King
.
So
impudent
were
they
even
after
the
treaty
was
concluded
with
him
,
but
there
were
found
but
thirty
of
these
malevolent
persons
;
so
the
major
part
of
the
Votes
carrying
it
in
the
affirmative
,
it
was
resolved
that
another
message
should
be
sent
unto
him
,
to
invite
him
to
make
all
possible
speed
to
his
Kingdome
of
Scotland
,
protesting
that
they
would
venture
Lives
and
Fortunes
in
assisting
him
to
regain
his
Rights
&
Kingdoms
;
but
they
not
only
debar
him
from
having
those
whom
he
chiefly
favoured
to
wait
upon
him
,
but
likewise
prohibit
the
Duke
Hamilton
,
the
Earls
of
Lauderdale
&
Seaforth
,
and
many
other
persons
of
qualities
return
to
Scotland
,
and
they
nominate
such
persons
as
they
thought
fit
out
of
their
own
Gang
to
be
officers
of
his
houshold
there
.
The
Juncto
then
siting
and
Governing
in
England
,
had
certain
intelligence
all
along
of
the
proceeds
of
the
Treaty
between
his
Majesty
and
the
Scots
,
together
with
their
Propositions
to
assist
him
in
the
recovery
of
his
Rights
in
England
by
some
who
sate
in
the
Parliament
of
Scotland
,
betrayed
their
counsells
,
and
earnestly
solicited
the
English
to
assault
Scotland
,
before
they
were
themselves
assaulted
and
invaded
,
to
which
effect
they
prepare
an
Army
without
any
just
pretence
,
which
they
give
to
Oliver
Cromwell
to
command
,
making
him
Generalissimo
of
all
the
Forces
of
that
Commonwealth
in
the
room
of
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
,
whose
Commission
was
between
taken
away
and
laid
down
.
Some
time
before
his
Majestie
's
departure
from
Holland
into
Scotland
,
newes
was
brought
of
the
unfortunate
loss
of
all
Prince
Rupert's
Fleet
,
most
of
his
ships
being
either
taken
,
sunk
or
burnt
by
General
Blake
,
Admiral
to
the
English
Navy
;
so
though
the
Treaty
was
concluded
with
Scotland
,
his
Majestie
's
affairs
went
every
where
else
to
wrack
.
At
length
all
things
being
in
a
readiness
,
his
Majesty
about
the
beginning
of
Iune
1650.
took
shipping
at
Sheveling
in
Holland
,
and
after
a
tedious
storm
,
and
narrow
escape
of
some
English
Vessels
which
lay
in
wait
for
him
,
arrived
at
Spey
in
the
North
of
Scotland
.
Some
Lords
are
sent
down
to
receive
him
,
and
to
accompany
him
to
Edenbrough
,
where
two
stately
houses
are
richly
provided
and
furnish't
to
entertain
him
.
He
was
all
along
the
Countrey
entertained
with
the
General
joy
of
all
the
people
,
severall
presents
being
given
him
by
the
Towns
as
he
came
along
.
Aberdeen
presented
him
with
1500.
l
but
the
Committee
of
Estates
and
Kirk
fearing
that
such
diet
would
prove
too
unwieldy
to
their
pleasures
,
sent
an
injunction
to
several
places
,
requiring
them
that
what
ever
moneys
they
had
to
bestow
,
they
should
bring
it
to
such
treasuries
as
should
be
appointed
by
them
.
Thus
they
permit
not
the
Subjects
to
shew
their
good
will
to
their
Soveraign
,
nor
him
to
receive
it
.
Nor
were
the
States
&
Kirk
as
yet
content
with
those
hard
conditions
:
but
they
send
him
new
propositions
to
Dundee
to
sign
,
which
after
some
reluctancy
he
performed
;
for
indeed
he
could
do
no
otherwise
,
being
now
in
their
clutches
.
The
Parliament
and
Committee
of
Estates
in
Scotland
had
while
they
expected
his
Majesties
arrivall
been
consulting
about
the
framing
of
an
Army
,
every
fourth
man
in
the
Kingdome
is
ordered
to
be
trained
;
and
sixteen
thousand
foot
,
and
six
thousand
horse
to
be
raised
for
his
Majesties
present
service
.
Of
this
Army
the
Earle
of
Leven
is
made
General
of
the
Foot
,
and
Holborn
Major
General
,
David
Lesley
Lieutenant
General
of
the
Horse
,
and
Montgomery
Major
General
:
the
place
of
Generalissimo
was
reserved
for
the
King
,
though
he
never
went
into
the
field
with
the
Army
.
His
Majesty
being
come
to
Edenbrough
,
is
received
by
the
Parliament
and
Committee
of
Estates
&
Kirk
,
with
infinite
complements
and
expressions
of
fidelity
&
affection
,
and
with
great
acclamations
of
joy
from
the
people
,
and
on
the
15.
of
Iuly
is
again
solemnly
proclaimed
King
at
Edenbrough
Crosse
,
but
his
coronation
yet
defer'd
by
reason
of
the
then
troubles
.
For
the
English
Army
,
notwithstanding
the
Scots
had
expostulated
them
the
unjustness
of
invading
their
Countrey
,
was
advanced
upon
the
borders
,
&
at
Muscleborough
the
Scots
under
Montgomery
with
a
small
party
,
set
upon
the
English
Army
,
but
were
worsted
,
and
so
the
two
Armies
moved
at
a
distance
one
from
the
other
,
till
they
came
as
far
as
Dunbar
,
where
the
Scots
had
got
a
considerable
advantage
,
by
reason
of
a
passe
,
and
brag'd
they
had
got
the
English
in
a
pound
:
but
whether
by
their
own
carelesnesse
and
over
security
;
or
the
over-reaching
,
courage
and
valour
of
the
English
,
I
cannot
tell
,
a
totall
losse
they
had
there
,
the
passe
gain'd
from
them
,
&
themselves
wholly
routed
and
dispersed
.
I
am
the
shorter
in
relating
the
passages
between
these
two
Armies
,
in
regard
that
though
the
King
was
made
Generalissimo
;
yet
he
had
no
influence
upon
the
Army
,
which
might
rather
be
called
the
States
or
Kirks
then
the
Kings
;
for
though
he
was
there
present
;
and
bore
the
title
of
King
,
yet
they
had
the
whole
power
,
and
made
and
revoked
Lawes
and
Orders
.
The
King
was
then
with
the
States
at
Saint
Iohnstons
,
when
the
newes
of
this
losse
,
and
that
of
the
Death
of
his
Sister
the
Princesse
Elizabeth
arriv'd
much
about
the
same
time
,
and
some
have
been
bold
to
affirm
that
the
latter
grieved
him
more
then
the
former
,
in
regard
of
the
imperiousness
which
't
was
probable
the
States
of
Scotland
would
have
usurped
,
had
the
successe
answered
their
minds
.
And
sufficiently
imperious
were
both
they
and
the
Kirk
already
,
notwithstanding
the
ill
fortune
of
their
affairs
;
for
,
so
great
was
their
insolency
towards
his
Majesty
,
in
their
earnestness
to
purge
his
house
,
in
extorting
Declarations
from
him
against
his
own
party
and
proceedings
,
&
in
usurping
the
whole
government
of
affairs
to
themselves
,
in
placing
guards
of
their
own
creatures
upon
his
Person
,
&c.
That
his
sacred
Majesty
no
longer
able
to
suffer
such
intollerable
affronts
&
abuses
,
went
secretly
away
,
accompanied
only
with
four
horse
towards
the
North
of
Scotland
,
where
the
Marquess
of
Hunt
ley
,
the
Earls
of
Seaforth
and
Atholl
,
the
Lords
Ogilby
and
Newburgh
,
with
the
Gourdons
were
ready
to
appear
for
him
with
a
considerable
party
.
Scotland
was
at
this
time
not
only
perplexed
with
a
forreign
enemy
in
her
bowels
,
but
with
civill
distempers
&
divisions
;
for
in
the
West
there
was
a
party
under
the
cōmand
of
Straughan
&
Kerr
;
who
declar'd
against
the
actions
of
the
Committee
of
Estates
,
for
their
too
much
hast
and
precipitation
in
the
Treaty
with
the
King
for
their
receiving
him
before
he
had
given
any
evidence
of
a
real
change
.
That
they
believed
his
profession
of
the
cause
and
covenant
was
counterfeit
,
and
therefore
refused
to
submit
to
his
power
;
These
men
were
purely
for
the
Kirk
against
the
King's
Authority
.
Another
party
there
was
in
the
North
under
the
Command
of
Huntley
,
Atholl
,
Seaforth
,
&c.
who
declared
purely
for
the
Kingly
Authority
disclaiming
and
disowning
all
power
or
order
of
the
Kirk
,
Parliament
or
Committee
of
Estates
.
These
having
gotten
together
a
considerable
party
,
it
was
supposed
by
the
Committee
of
Estates
that
his
Majesty
was
gon
to
them
,
whereupon
to
quiet
&
alay
them
if
possible
,
an
Act
of
Indempnity
was
passed
by
Parliament
for
what
they
had
done
;
but
they
sleighted
it
,
fell
upon
Sir
Iohn
Brown's
Regiment
,
and
slew
and
took
prisoners
many
of
his
men
;
Whereupon
Lieut.
Generall
David
Lasley
was
sent
against
;
him
;
but
the
whole
business
after
the
Kings
return
to
St.
Iohnston's
ended
in
a
Treaty
.
The
third
&
greatest
party
were
the
Parliament
&
Committee
of
Estates
&
Kirk
,
who
were
equally
for
King
&
Kirk
;
these
were
highly
perplexed
and
discontented
at
the
King
's
going
away
from
S.
Iohnston's
and
the
more
because
they
feared
he
was
gon
to
the
Athol
men
,
many
controversies
&
consultations
were
had
about
it
;
some
were
so
ridged
as
to
propose
,
that
since
he
had
deserted
them
,
they
should
look
no
more
after
him
,
but
let
him
take
his
own
wayes
:
Others
were
more
mild
,
and
would
yet
have
him
understand
their
resentment
for
his
leaving
them
;
nor
wanted
there
some
sticklers
for
his
Majesty
;
at
length
it
was
concluded
that
Major
Generall
Montgomery
should
speedily
march
after
him
,
and
earnestly
intreat
him
to
return
to
S.
Iohnstons
.
Montgomery
according
to
his
order
went
,
and
having
had
secret
information
that
his
Majesty
was
at
the
Lord
Dedup's
house
in
the
North
confines
of
Fife
,
he
first
surrounds
the
house
,
and
then
sends
in
a
Messenger
to
acquaint
the
King
with
the
earnest
desires
of
the
Committee
of
Estates
;
that
he
would
gratiously
be
pleased
to
return
with
him
to
St.
Johnston's
;
but
his
Majesty
at
first
absolutely
refused
,
as
scorning
to
endure
that
slavery
which
they
had
subjected
him
to
,
he
was
in
the
mean
time
earnestly
solicited
by
Huntley
,
and
the
Gordons
to
adhere
solely
to
them
,
which
he
so
much
seemed
to
incline
to
,
that
he
had
almost
made
the
breach
implacable
between
that
party
and
the
Kirk
;
but
at
length
upon
severall
propositions
granted
him
,
he
returned
with
Montgomery
to
St.
Johnston's
.
The
King
being
thus
returned
,
and
Huntley's
party
come
in
by
admitting
those
with
him
to
bear
publick
Offices
,
a
general
Meeting
was
resolved
on
to
be
held
at
St.
Johnstons
,
which
should
consist
of
King
,
Lords
,
Barons
,
Burgesses
and
the
assembly
of
Ministers
;
whereupon
the
Committee
of
the
Kirk
are
summoned
to
meet
,
but
stand
off
,
alledging
that
Sterling
was
the
more
convenient
place
to
meet
in
;
To
which
the
States
answer'd
,
that
they
esteemed
S.
Johnstons
the
fitter
,
that
if
they
would
not
meet
,
they
should
consult
for
their
own
securities
,
but
at
length
they
consent
;
The
grand
Assembly
meets
,
&
all
parties
seem
now
agreed
.
Severall
Lords
formerly
in
disfavour
with
the
Kirk
,
are
received
into
Command
in
the
Army
,
or
have
liberty
to
sit
in
Parliament
,
such
as
Hamilton
,
Lauderdale
,
Lieth
,
Bucheim
,
Dedup
,
and
Crawford
,
Major
Generall
Massey
of
the
English
was
admitted
to
a
command
in
the
Army
.
Thus
did
their
divisions
begin
to
be
cemented
,
which
else
must
necessarily
have
hastened
their
Ruine
.
About
this
time
the
King
received
the
sad
newes
of
the
death
of
the
thrice
illustrious
Prince
of
Orange
,
Brother-in-law
to
his
Majesty
,
&
who
had
demonstrated
himselfe
a
true
&
faithfull
friend
to
him
in
his
necessities
;
his
Lady
the
Royall
Princess
Mary
was
by
him
left
great
with
Child
,
and
soon
after
his
death
was
delivered
of
a
Posthume
son
.
And
now
on
the
first
of
January
the
day
appointed
by
the
Grand
Convention
at
S.
Johnstan's
the
solemnity
having
been
removed
to
Scone
the
usuall
place
for
the
Coronation
of
the
Kings
of
Scotland
;
First
his
Maiesty
in
a
Princes
Robe
,
was
conducted
from
his
Bed-chamber
by
the
Constable
and
Marshal
to
the
Chamber
of
presence
,
where
he
was
by
the
Lord
Angus
Chamberlin
placed
in
a
Chair
under
a
cloth
of
Estate
;
Then
the
Nobles
and
Commissioners
of
Baronyes
&
Burroughs
entred
the
Room
,
and
having
shown
themselves
to
his
Majesty
,
the
Chancellor
spake
to
this
effect
.
Sir
,
your
good
Subjects
desire
you
may
be
crowned
,
as
righteous
and
lawfull
Heir
of
the
Crown
of
this
Kingdom
,
that
you
would
maintain
the
present
professed
Religion
the
Nationall
Covenant
and
Solemn
League
and
Covenant
.
That
you
would
gratiously
be
pleased
to
receive
them
under
your
protection
,
to
govern
them
according
to
law
,
to
defend
them
in
their
rights
and
priviledges
by
your
Royal
power
,
they
offering
themselves
in
humble
manner
to
your
Majesty
with
their
vowes
to
bestow
Land
,
Life
&
what
else
is
in
their
power
for
the
maintenance
of
Religion
,
for
the
safety
of
your
Majesties
sacred
person
,
and
maintenance
of
your
Crown
,
which
they
entreat
your
Majesty
to
accept
,
and
pray
Almighty
God
that
for
many
years
you
may
enjoy
the
same
.
The
King
to
this
made
Answer
.
I
do
esteem
the
affections
of
my
good
people
more
then
the
Crowns
of
many
Kingdomes
,
&
shall
be
ready
by
Gods
assistance
to
bestow
my
life
in
their
Defence
;
wishing
to
live
no
longer
then
I
may
see
Religion
and
the
Kingdom
flourish
in
all
happiness
.
This
ceremony
performed
,
the
Nobles
and
Commissioners
of
Baroneys
and
Burroughs
accompanied
his
Majesty
to
the
Church
of
Scone
;
the
Spurs
being
carried
before
him
by
the
Earl
of
Eglinton
,
the
sword
by
the
Earl
Rothes
,
the
scepter
by
the
Earls
of
Craford
&
Lindsey
;
the
Crown
by
the
Marquess
of
Argyle
;
immediatly
before
the
Kings
Majesty
;
who
followed
supported
by
the
Constable
&
Marshall
;
his
train
born
up
by
the
Lords
Montgomery
,
Ereskin
,
Newbottle
,
and
Machelene
;
under
a
Canopy
of
crimson
Velvet
,
supported
by
the
Lords
Drummond
,
Carnegie
,
Ramsey
,
Iohnson
,
Brechin
,
and
Yster
;
which
six
were
supported
by
six
Noble
men's
sons
.
Thus
they
went
to
the
Church
,
which
being
fitted
for
the
purpose
,
the
Honours
were
laid
upon
a
table
provided
for
them
,
and
his
Majesty
ascended
on
a
stage
24.
foot
square
,
&
seated
himselfe
in
a
Chair
to
heare
the
sermon
;
upon
this
stage
there
was
another
smaller
stage
erected
whereon
the
Throne
stood
.
His
Majesty
being
seated
on
the
Chair
,
a
Sermon
was
preached
by
Robert
Douglas
moderater
of
the
Commission
of
the
General
assembly
:
Sermon
being
ended
,
the
National
Covenant
of
Scotland
,
and
the
solemn
League
and
Covenant
were
distinctly
read
,
which
done
,
the
Oath
was
ministred
in
these
Words
.
I
CHARLES
King
of
Britain
,
Frence
and
Ireland
,
doe
assure
and
declare
by
my
Solemn
Oath
,
in
the
presence
of
Amighty
God
the
Searcher
of
all
hearts
,
my
allowance
and
approbation
of
the
Nationall
Covenant
,
and
of
the
solemn
League
and
Covenant
;
and
faithfully
Oblige
my selfe
to
prosecute
the
ends
thereof
in
my
station
and
calling
;
and
that
I
for
my selfe
&
successurs
shall
consent
&
agree
to
all
acts
of
Parliaments
enjoyning
the
Nationall
Covenant
,
and
the
solemn
League
and
Covenant
:
and
fully
establish
Presbyterian
Government
,
the
Directory
of
Worship
,
Confession
of
Faith
,
and
Catechismes
in
the
Kingdom
of
Scotland
,
as
they
are
approved
by
the
General
assemblies
of
this
Kirk
,
and
Parliament
of
this
Kingdome
,
and
that
I
shall
give
my
Royall
assent
to
acts
&
Ordinances
of
this
Parliament
passed
,
or
to
be
passed
,
enjoyning
the
same
in
my
other
Dominions
.
And
that
I
shall
observe
these
in
mine
own
practice
&
Family
,
&
shall
never
make
opposition
to
any
of
those
,
or
endeavour
any
change
thereof
.
The
King
having
thus
solemnly
sworn
,
the
Nationall
covenant
,
the
solemn
League
and
Covenant
,
with
the
oath
subjoined
,
was
by
him
under
written
in
the
presence
of
them
all
;
which
done
,
the
King
ascended
the
other
Stage
,
and
sat
down
in
the
Throne
.
Then
the
Lords
great
Constable
and
Marshall
went
to
the
four
corners
of
the
Stage
,
Lyon
king
at
Arms
going
before
them
,
who
spake
these
words
to
the
people
,
Sirs
,
I
do
present
unto
you
the
King
,
CHARLES
,
the
Rightfull
and
undoubted
Heir
of
the
Crown
&
Dignitie
of
this
Realm
;
this
day
is
by
the
Parliament
of
this
Kingdom
appointed
for
his
Coronation
.
And
are
you
not
willing
to
have
him
for
your
King
,
and
become
subject
to
his
commandements
?
At
this
Action
the
King
stood
up
,
and
shewed
himselfe
to
the
people
round
about
,
who
expressed
their
consent
by
their
joyfull
acclamations
,
crying
,
God
save
King
CHARLES
the
Second
.
Then
his
Majesty
descended
from
his
Throne
into
the
Chair
,
where
he
sat
to
hear
the
Sermon
,
of
whom
the
Minister
accompanied
with
some
others
of
his
tribe
,
demand
if
he
were
willing
to
take
the
Coronation
Oath
,
according
as
it
was
contained
in
the
eight
Act
of
the
first
Parliament
of
King
James
the
VI.
his
Royall
Grandfather
.
The
King
answered
he
was
most
willing
.
Then
was
the
oath
read
aloud
by
Lyon
king
at
Armes
,
in
these
words
.
Because
that
the
increase
of
Virtue
,
&
suppressing
Idolatry
craveth
that
the
Prince
and
people
be
of
one
perfect
Religion
,
which
of
GOD'S
mercy
is
now
presently
professed
within
this
Realm
:
Therefore
it
is
statuted
and
ordained
by
our
Soveraigne
Lord
,
the
Lord
Regent
,
and
three
Estates
of
this
present
Parliament
,
that
all
Kings
,
Princes
,
and
Magistrates
whatsoever
,
holding
their
place
,
which
hereafter
at
any
time
shall
happen
to
reign
&
bear
rule
over
this
Realm
,
at
the
time
of
their
Coronation
,
and
receit
of
their
Princely
Authority
make
their
faithfull
promise
in
the
presence
of
the
eternall
God
.
That
enduring
the
whole
course
of
their
lives
,
they
shall
serve
the
same
Eternall
God
,
to
the
utmost
of
their
power
,
according
as
he
hath
required
in
his
most
holy
Word
,
revealed
and
contained
in
the
new
and
old
Testaments
,
&
according
to
the
same
words
shall
maintaine
the
true
Religion
of
Christ
Jesus
,
the
preaching
of
his
holy
Word
,
and
the
due
and
right
ministration
of
the
Sacraments
,
now
received
and
preached
within
this
Realm
,
and
shall
abolish
&
gainstand
all
false
Religions
contrary
to
the
same
,
and
shall
rule
the
people
committed
to
their
charge
according
to
the
will
&
command
of
God
revealed
in
his
foresaid
Word
,
and
according
to
the
laudable
Laws
and
Constitutions
received
in
this
Realm
,
no
wayes
repugnant
to
the
said
Word
of
the
Eternal
GOD
,
and
shall
procure
to
the
utmost
of
their
power
,
to
the
Kirk
of
GOD
,
&
whole
Christian
people
,
true
and
perfect
peace
in
time
coming
:
The
rights
and
rents
,
with
all
just
Priviledges
of
the
Crown
of
Scotland
,
to
preserve
and
keep
inviolated
,
neither
shall
they
transfer
or
alienate
the
the
same
.
They
shall
forbid
and
repress
all
in
all
estates
and
Degrees
,
Leases
,
Oppression
,
and
all
kind
of
Wrong
in
all
Judgement
.
They
shall
command
and
procure
that
Justice
and
Equity
be
kept
to
all
Creatures
without
exception
,
as
the
Lord
and
Father
of
mercies
be
merciful
unto
them
.
And
out
of
their
Lands
and
Empire
they
shall
be
careful
to
root
out
all
Hereticks
and
enemies
to
the
true
worship
of
God
,
that
shall
be
convict
by
the
true
Kirk
of
GOD
of
the
aforesaid
Crimes
;
&
that
he
shall
faithfully
affirm
the
things
above
written
by
the
solemn
Oath
.
The
Oath
thus
read
,
the
Minister
tendred
it
to
the
King
,
who
kneeling
&
holding
up
his
right
hand
,
sware
thus
:
By
the
Eternal
and
Almighty
GOD
who
liveth
and
reigneth
for
ever
,
I
shall
observe
and
keep
all
that
is
contained
in
this
Oath
.
Then
was
the
King
disrobed
by
the
Lo.
Chamberlain
berlain
of
the
Princely
Robe
,
with
which
he
entred
the
Church
,
and
vested
with
his
Royal
Robes
;
and
so
supported
as
before
,
he
removed
to
the
Chair
placed
on
the
North
side
of
the
Kirk
,
whither
the
sword
was
first
brought
from
the
table
by
Sir
William
Cockburn
of
Langtown
Gentleman-usher
,
who
delivers
it
to
the
great
Chamberlain
,
and
he
making
a
short
speech
,
delivers
it
to
his
Majesty
,
by
whom
it
was
given
into
the
great
Constable's
hands
and
by
him
girt
to
the
King's
side
.
Then
his
Majesty
sitting
down
in
the
Chair
,
the
spurs
are
put
on
him
by
the
Earl
Marshall
.
After
which
Archibald
Marquesse
of
Argyle
takes
the
Crown
into
his
hands
,
and
after
a
short
prayer
made
by
the
Minister
,
put
it
upon
his
Majesties
head
,
which
done
,
Lyon
King
at
Arms
,
the
great
Constable
standing
by
him
,
called
the
Nobility
one
by
one
,
who
came
all
,
and
kneeling
,
and
touching
the
Crown
upon
the
Kings
head
with
their
right
hand
,
Swore
thus
:
By
the
Eternall
and
Almighty
God
,
who
liveth
and
raigneth
for
ever
,
I
shall
support
thee
to
the
uttermost
.
The
obligatory
Oath
was
likewise
read
to
the
people
,
they
holding
up
their
hands
.
Lastly
,
after
the
Earls
of
Craford
&
Lindsey
had
deliver'd
his
Majesty
the
Scepter
,
he
returned
again
to
the
Stage
,
where
he
was
installed
in
the
Throne
by
the
Marquess
of
Argyle
;
and
after
a
short
exhortation
of
Master
Robert
Douglass
,
returned
to
the
Pallas
with
the
Crown
upon
his
head
in
the
same
manner
as
he
came
.
This
is
a
full
relation
of
the
ceremonies
performed
at
his
Majesties
Coronation
at
Scone
,
on
the
first
of
January
1650
,
which
I
the
rather
fully
insert
,
because
the
World
may
take
notice
of
those
hard
Covenant
Pills
which
the
Kirk-men
made
him
swallow
.
Presently
after
the
coronation
,
the
King
&
Nobles
return'd
in
a
most
solemn
manner
to
S.
Iohns
town
;
the
Kings
Majesty
having
a
guard
to
attend
him
,
confisting
of
most
Lords
and
Gentlemens
sons
,
and
the
Lord
Lorne
son
to
the
Marquesse
of
Argyle
was
made
Captaine
of
it
.
And
now
his
Majesty
intends
with
all
possible
speed
the
raising
of
an
Army
(
for
the
Scots
having
had
all
this
while
no
Army
on
the
other
side
the
Fife
to
oppose
the
English
proceedings
,
they
had
reduc'd
all
places
there
under
their
force
,
even
Edenbrough
Castle
it selfe
)
to
which
effect
he
orders
his
Standard
to
be
set
up
at
Aberdeen
,
himselfe
nobly
resolving
to
be
Generalissimo
of
this
army
;
the
other
general
commands
were
now
given
as
well
to
the
Royallists
as
Presbyterians
;
For
Duke
Hamilton
was
made
Lieut.
General
of
the
Army
,
and
Middleton
Lieut.
General
of
the
Horse
.
The
Levies
came
in
a
pace
to
the
general
Randezvouze
,
which
was
appointed
on
the
East
part
of
Fife
,
whither
his
Majesty
in
person
went
to
encourage
his
Souldiers
,
whom
he
found
both
increasing
in
their
numbers
,
and
much
rejoyced
at
his
presence
.
The
Parliament
of
Scotland
,
which
had
adjourned
to
give
time
for
his
Majesties
nation
;
being
met
again
,
there
were
strong
endeavors
of
the
King
,
that
several
Lords
of
the
Royal
party
should
be
admitted
to
their
seats
in
Parliament
;
but
,
the
assemblies
of
the
Kirk
at
Sterling
&
Aberdeen
as
strongly
oppose
it
,
and
shew
themselves
discontented
both
at
this
proposal
,
and
likewise
at
the
new
levies
,
in
regard
they
were
there
admitted
to
commands
in
the
Army
:
as
they
now
desired
to
have
place
in
Parliament
;
yet
notwithstanding
these
murmurings
,
they
were
upon
their
reconciliation
to
the
Church
;
and
passing
the
stool
of
Repentance
,
re-admitted
to
their
places
in
Parliament
;
such
were
Duke
Hamilton
,
the
Marquess
of
Huntley
,
the
Earls
of
Calendare
,
Crawford
,
&
others
.
But
stil
not
only
many
of
the
Ministers
(
notwithstanding
there
was
a
select
Committee
appointed
to
examine
and
punnish
such
persons
who
any
way
confronted
and
murmured
against
any
designs
or
acts
of
State
)
rail
against
these
proceedings
;
but
some
of
the
Nobles
too
are
discontented
,
insomuch
that
the
Earl
of
Sutherland
utterly
refused
to
concur
with
them
,
and
if
he
could
possibly
,
would
have
opposed
them
by
force
.
And
indeed
very
many
or
most
of
the
Presbyterians
were
discontented
;
For
the
Royal
party
by
the
Admission
of
those
Lords
and
others
,
was
grown
stronger
then
the
Kirk's
,
and
now
bore
all
the
sway
;
which
made
the
proud
Marquesse
Argyle
and
other
Covenantier
Lords
,
murmur
at
:
being
afraid
least
in
time
they
should
wholly
be
laid
aside
,
they
having
already
seen
one
of
their
party
begun
with
;
for
the
Earl
of
Louden
who
customarily
had
the
Lord
Chancellorship
of
the
Kingdome
,
was
removed
from
his
place
,
and
the
Lord
Burleigh
constituted
Chancellor
in
his
stead
.
Yet
on
the
Covenanters
side
there
wanted
not
some
Ministers
,
such
were
Mr.
RoBert
Douglass
,
and
Mr.
David
Dicks
,
who
endeavoured
to
beget
a
right
understanding
in
both
parties
,
that
these
sparks
of
discontent
might
not
at
last
burst
out
into
a
flame
,
as
't
was
very
much
feared
they
would
;
but
rather
that
in
this
time
of
danger
they
might
lay
a
side
all
animosities
,
and
unite
together
against
the
Common
Enemy
,
who
else
would
be
the
Ruine
of
them
both
.
And
now
his
Maiesty
to
keep
a
corespondency
abroad
,
sends
the
Earl
of
Dumferlin
Ambassador
to
the
States
of
Holland
,
he
had
likewise
at
the
same
time
several
other
Ambassadors
oragents
abroad
in
the
courts
of
several
Princes
,
to
require
aid
;
but
never
found
more
,
then
what
fair
and
sugar'd
promises
produced
And
about
this
time
,
Sir
Henry
Hide
,
being
sent
ouer
to
England
from
Constantinople
(
whither
he
had
been
sent
as
Ambassador
from
his
Majesty
to
the
Grand
Seignior
)
by
Sir
Thomas
Bendysh
his
means
,
who
was
then
Ambassador
for
the
republick
in
England
(
but
yet
deem'd
a
person
of
more
loyalty
to
his
Prince
,
then
to
have
sent
his
Ambassador
to
be
murder'd
,
if
he
could
have
avoided
it
)
after
somewhat
a
formall
tryall
,
he
suffered
death
on
a
Scaffold
before
the
Royal
Exchange
in
London
,
for
having
taken
Commissions
from
his
Soveraign
.
And
not
long
after
him
Captain
Brown-Bushell
,
who
though
he
had
formerly
been
an
enemy
to
his
Majesties
father
,
yet
now
suffer'd
death
upon
the
Tower-hill
London
,
for
having
done
some
signal
services
by
sea
for
his
present
Majesty
.
But
to
return
to
the
Kings
affairs
in
Scotland
,
where
the
special
businesses
in
hand
were
,
the
compleating
the
Levies
to
15000
foot
,
and
6000
horse
,
which
went
on
a
pace
;
and
the
fortifying
the
town
of
Sterling
,
which
his
Majesty
intended
for
the
place
of
his
chief
residence
;
to
the
hastening
of
the
which
his
Majesty
went
often
in
Progress
to
view
the
Works
,
&
encourage
the
Pioneers
.
And
time
it
was
to
hasten
those
Works
,
for
the
English
drew
every
day
nigher
and
nigher
towards
them
having
already
taken
the
Fort
of
Blackness
,
which
lay
btween
Sterling
and
Edenbrough
;
which
was
never
theless
not
accounted
so
great
a
loss
,
as
the
surprizsal
of
the
Earl
of
Eglinton
and
one
of
his
Sons
by
a
party
of
English
horse
at
Dumbarton
;
for
this
Earl
was
a
person
of
a
great
deal
of
power
in
that
Nation
,
and
his
taking
very
much
obstructed
the
going
forward
of
the
Levies
.
But
Sterling
being
almost
fortified
sufficiently
,
his
Majesty
removed
his
Court
hither
;
where
whilst
he
was
,
his
birth
day
being
the
29
of
May
,
was
kept
through
Scotland
,
with
such
tokens
of
joy
as
are
usuall
upon
such
occasions
;
but
the
town
of
Dundee
exceeded
all
the
rest
,
for
besides
their
equal
expressions
of
joy
,
they
presented
his
Majesty
with
a
rich
Tent
,
six
pieces
of
Field
Ordinance
,
and
set
out
a
Regiment
of
horse
towards
his
assistance
at
their
own
charge
.
At
Sterling
likewise
were
the
head
Quarters
kept
;
most
of
the
Scotch
Army
Quartering
about
it
,
whither
Middleton's
levies
from
the
North
being
come
,
and
amounting
to
about
8000
men
,
it
came
to
be
a
dispute
whether
these
should
be
a
distinct
Army
by
themselves
,
or
be
joined
with
Lesley's
Southern
levies
;
but
at
length
it
was
thought
most
conveniēt
to
joyn
them
:
and
his
Majesty
to
prevent
those
animosities
which
might
arise
between
Middleton
and
Lesley
for
the
General-ship
,
tooke
upon
himselfe
the
Command
of
the
whole
.
From
hence
his
Majesty
sent
a
messenger
to
the
Parliamet
still
sitting
at
S.
Johnston's
with
these
demands
.
1.
That
the
Act
about
the
Classis
of
malignants
should
be
revok'd
&
disannull'd
,
and
that
an
Act
pass
for
its
repeal
.
2.
That
there
may
be
no
more
any
mention
of
the
name
of
malignants
among
them
.
3.
That
Duke
Hamilton
,
the
Earls
of
Seaforth
,
and
Callendare
,
&c.
might
have
as
full
commād
in
the
Army
as
any
others
.
The
demands
were
strongly
debated
pro
&
con
in
the
Parliament
;
the
Marquess
of
Argyle
and
others
of
the
Covenanted
strain
,
endeavouring
by
all
means
possible
to
oppose
them
;
yet
at
length
,
though
with
much
difficulty
,
they
were
carried
in
the
affirmative
,
it
being
urged
by
the
more
moderate
sort
too
,
that
the
granting
of
these
would
be
the
only
way
to
take
away
all
animosities
,
between
those
parties
which
they
intended
to
unite
.
The
Parliament
having
granted
these
things
to
his
Majesty
,
&
given
large
commissions
&
instructions
for
the
compleating
of
the
Levies
,
about
the
begining
of
Iune
dissolved
,
leaving
all
things
(
in
relation
to
civil
and
intestine
distempers
in
a
calm
&
quiet
)
all
parties
seeming
to
be
pleased
,
and
their
actions
united
towards
the
opposing
of
their
common
Enemy
Cromwell
.
Whilst
these
things
were
thus
transacted
in
Scotland
,
a
great
and
terrible
plot
was
discovered
against
the
Juncto
then
ruling
in
England
,
and
their
government
in
assistance
of
his
Majesty
to
his
just
Rights
.
This
design
was
chiefly
laid
by
those
Presbyterians
who
had
been
such
dire
Opponents
of
his
Majesty's
blessed
father
of
happy
(
yet
unhappy
)
memory
,
viz
the
greatest
part
Presbyterian
Ministers
,
who
had
most
of
them
formerly
belcht
out
such
fire-brands
from
their
Pulpits
as
had
set
both
Church
and
State
in
a
combustion
;
but
now
whether
out
of
a
reall
sence
of
their
Errour
(
which
I
have
the
charity
to
believe
it
was
)
they
had
a
desire
to
return
to
their
Allegiance
to
his
Son
their
lawfull
and
native
Sovereign
;
or
out
of
an
ambition
,
by
joining
with
their
Scotish
Brethren
(
which
I
am
loath
to
judge
)
to
get
the
Power
again
into
their
hands
,
which
was
snatch'd
from
them
by
the
Independant
English
Army
,
and
the
Juncto
of
Sectaries
in
England
,
they
had
laid
a
designe
to
raise
both
a
contribution
of
money
;
and
levy
men
for
his
Majesty's
assistance
here
;
but
their
Plot
was
betrayed
by
the
intercepting
of
Letters
in
a
ship
forced
by
foul
weather
into
Ayre
in
Scotland
;
but
bound
with
provisions
for
the
Isle
of
Man
,
whereupon
the
chief
undertakers
in
London
were
apprehended
,
viz.
Mr.
Cook
,
Mr.
Gibbons
,
Mr.
Christopher
Love
,
Mr.
Jenkins
,
D.
Drake
and
others
,
of
which
two
.
viz.
Mr.
Gibbons
and
Mr.
Love
was
condemned
by
a
high
Court
of
Justice
;
and
suffered
death
on
the
Tower
hill
,
for
that
cause
against
which
they
had
once
so
strongly
declar'd
.
But
to
return
again
to
the
cheif
Scene
in
Scotland
.
The
English
Army
had
long
had
a
desire
to
bring
the
Scots
to
a
field
battel
,
which
his
Majesty
upon
sundry
good
reasons
&
serious
advice
declin'd
;
so
Cromwell
endeavoured
to
the
utmost
of
his
power
to
force
them
to
it
,
&
therefore
several
times
fac'd
his
Majesty's
Army
which
lay
encamped
at
Torwood
,
within
three
miles
of
Sterling
,
but
could
not
yet
draw
them
out
of
their
trenches
,
the
chief
reason
being
imagin'd
to
proceed
from
their
stay
for
Argyle
,
Huntley
,
and
Seaforth
,
who
were
gon
into
their
several
Territories
to
compleat
the
King's
Levies
.
Cromwell
perceiving
that
he
could
not
draw
the
Scots
to
a
field-battel
,
upon
a
sudden
draws
off
his
Army
,
and
transports
fixteen
hundred
Foot
;
and
foure
Troopes
of
Horse
over
unto
Fife
on
such
a
sudden
,
that
it
startled
his
Majesties
whole
Army
;
And
Cromwell
with
an
unparallel'd
expedition
,
faces
again
the
Royal
Army
with
a
resolution
to
fall
upon
their
rear
if
they
should
attempt
a
motion
thetherwards
;
but
they
offered
not
to
stir
,
for
already
order
had
been
given
to
Sir
Iohn
Brown
Governour
of
Sterling
to
march
with
four
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
to
drive
out
that
party
of
Cromwell's
which
were
already
landed
in
Fife
;
of
which
,
intelligence
being
brought
Lambart
and
Okye
with
two
Regiments
of
Horse
and
two
of
Foot
,
are
with
all
possible
haste
wafted
over
to
reinforce
the
party
already
there
;
with
which
additionall
supply
of
men
they
routed
Sir
Iohn
Brown
,
who
expected
none
but
the
first
landed
party
,
taking
himself
and
several
other
officers
of
quality
prisoners
,
and
killing
two
thousand
upon
the
place
,
and
taking
near
1200.
prisoners
:
and
shortly
after
Cromwell
transports
most
of
his
Army
over
the
Fife
,
and
resolving
to
stop
the
passage
which
the
Scots
had
over
by
Sterling
,
marches
to
S.
Iohnstons
and
takes
it
almost
upon
summons
.
Hs
Majesty
seeing
the
English
Army
was
advanced
so
far
Northward
,
thought
it
in
vain
to
attempt
the
forcing
them
back
;
&
knowing
that
the
Scots
naturally
fights
better
in
anothers
then
in
their
own
Conntry
,
resolves
toadvanc
with
all
possible
speed
into
England
,
where
he
yet
hoped
,
not
withstāding
the
discovery
of
the
design
,
to
find
some
Loyal
souls
to
joyn
with
him
for
the
Recovery
of
his
right
and
Kingdomes
.
Many
were
there
who
opposed
this
intention
of
his
Majesty
,
and
among
those
Duke
Hamilton
was
one
of
the
chiefest
;
whose
dislike
may
sufficiently
appear
by
his
Letter
to
Mr.
Crofts
after
their
Advance
to
this
effect
;
We
are
now
laughing
,
(
sayes
he
)
at
the
rediculousness
of
our
present
State
;
We
have
quit
Scotland
being
scarce
able
to
maintain
it
:
and
yet
we
grasp
at
all
,
and
nothing
but
all
will
satisfie
us
,
or
to
lose
all
.
I
confess
I
cannot
tell
whether
our
hopes
or
fears
are
greatest
?
but
we
have
one
stout
argument
Despair
:
for
we
must
now
either
stoutely
fight
or
dye
:
all
the
Rogues
have
left
us
,
I
shall
not
say
whether
out
of
fear
or
disloyalty
;
but
all
now
with
his
Majesty
are
such
as
will
not
dispute
his
Commands
.
But
notwithstanding
his
dislike
:
&
his
&
other
oppositiōs
,
yet
the
Kings
resove
takes
place
,
and
on
July
the
31.
1651.
his
Majesties
Army
began
to
advance
from
Terwood
near
Sterling
steering
their
course
dirirectly
for
England
,
which
they
entred
six
dayes
after
by
way
of
Carlisle
;
This
march
of
the
Royall
Army
made
Cromwell
with
the
greatest
part
of
his
forces
immediately
recrosse
the
Frith
,
and
forth
with
send
Major
General
Lambert
with
a
select
party
of
Horse
and
Dragoons
to
fall
upon
the
Rear
of
his
Majesties
Army
,
whilst
they
hop'd
that
Major
General
Harrison
,
then
lying
neer
the
borders
with
about
three
thousand
Horse
and
Dragoons
,
would
attach
them
in
the
Front
;
shortly
after
himselfe
followed
with
the
rest
of
the
Army
which
could
be
spar'd
,
amounting
to
about
eight
compleat
Regiments
of
Foot
,
and
two
of
Horse
.
But
then
this
greater
preparation
is
made
against
him
in
England
,
for
the
Juncto
then
fitting
at
Westminster
,
not
onely
interdicted
all
aid
or
assistance
either
of
men
or
moneys
,
to
be
given
to
his
Majesty
under
the
penalty
of
High
Treason
;
but
also
in
all
or
most
of
the
Countrys
had
caused
a
numerous
force
to
be
raised
,
the
Church-Militia
of
the
City
of
London
being
likewise
sent
out
against
him
;
and
for
the
present
impeading
of
his
march
,
two
thousand
of
the
Country
-
Militia
of
Staffordshire
,
and
four
thousand
out
of
Lancashire
and
Cheshire
,
under
the
command
of
Col.
Birch
,
had
joyned
with
Harrison
.
But
be
sides
all
this
,
many
of
the
Royal
Army
had
in
their
march
deserted
their
colours
,
&
neer
a
fourth
part
of
the
army
was
wanting
;
but
these
were
most
of
them
such
,
as
were
not
very
well
affected
to
the
business
,
nor
cause
they
went
about
;
and
therefore
there
was
but
little
miss
of
them
,
for
the
rest
of
the
Army
marched
on
chearfully
,
and
continued
to
the
utmost
push
stedfast
and
loyal
;
&
were
so
contentedly
obedient
to
all
Military
Discipline
,
that
't
is
believ'd
that
in
al
their
march
through
all
that
part
of
England
they
hardly
took
the
value
of
six
pence
forcibly
.
But
notwithstanding
this
unwonted
evility
of
the
Scottsh
Army
,
and
his
Majesties
earnest
invitations
,
the
Country
came
very
slowly
in
,
whether
besotted
,
dulled
and
contented
with
that
slavery
they
then
lay
under
,
or
over-aw'd
by
an
armed
power
,
I
cannot
tell
,
but
such
was
their
backwardness
,
that
few
or
none
besides
the
Lord
Howard
of
Estriche's
son
with
a
Troop
of
Horse
came
to
him
,
during
his
long
tedious
march
through
England
.
Nor
did
his
Majesty
with
his
Army
take
that
course
which
was
expected
by
most
he
should
;
for
the
great
fear
of
his
Enemies
,
and
greatest
hopes
of
his
Friends
were
,
that
he
would
march
directly
for
London
,
but
he
contrary
to
their
expectations
,
being
come
into
Lancashire
,
struck
off
at
Warrington
,
either
doubting
the
enterprize
for
London
too
hazardous
,
or
out
of
the
hopes
had
of
the
Forces
,
it
was
expected
Major
General
Massey
might
raise
in
Glostershire
which
was
the
then
generally
voagu'd
reason
.
But
before
his
Majesty
could
pass
over
Warrington
Bridge
,
he
had
occasion
to
try
the
stoutness
of
his
Souldiers
;
for
there
Harrison
was
resolved
if
possible
to
stop
him
,
and
was
endeavouring
to
that
purpose
to
have
broken
down
the
Bridge
;
but
his
Majesties
forces
by
a
swift
march
from
Charley
,
prevented
his
design
,
and
forced
him
to
an
engagement
,
The
dispute
was
somewhat
hot
and
long
,
but
at
length
his
Majesty
got
the
better
;
for
he
gained
a
free
passage
over
the
Bridge
,
though
with
the
loss
of
some
men
.
This
Bridge
gained
,
his
Majesty
marched
on
towards
the
West
,
without
any
opposition
:
&
indeed
with
as
little
assistance
or
increase
of
numbers
:
yet
being
all
along
as
he
came
proclaimed
King
of
Great
Britain
France
and
Ireland
,
by
an
English-man
whom
he
had
created
King
at
Armes
.
Being
come
to
Tong-Norton
,
his
Majesty
sent
a
Trumpet
with
his
Royall
summons
to
Colonell
Mackworth
Governour
of
Shrewsbury
,
which
ran
thus
.
C.
R.
Col.
MACKWORTH
,
BEing
Desirous
to
attempt
all
fair
wayes
for
the
recovery
of
our
own
,
before
we
proceed
to
force
and
extremity
,
and
(
where
the
controversie
is
with
Subjects
)
accounting
that
a
double
victory
which
is
obtained
without
effusion
of
bloud
,
and
where
the
hearts
that
of
right
belong
to
us
are
gained
as
well
as
their
strengths
.
We
do
hereby
summon
you
to
surrender
unto
us
our
Town
,
with
the
Castle
of
Shrewsbury
as
in
duty
and
Allegiance
by
the
Laws
of
God
and
the
Land
you
are
bound
to
doe
,
thereby
not
onely
preventing
the
mischief
which
you
may
otherwise
draw
upon
your self
and
that
place
,
but
also
opening
the
foredoore
to
peace
and
quietness
,
and
the
enjoyment
of
every
one
both
King
and
people
,
that
which
pertains
to
them
under
certain
and
known
Laws
,
the
end
for
which
we
are
come
.
Given
at
our
Campe
of
Tong-Norton
this
20.
August
1651.
This
summons
was
accompanyed
with
a
Letter
from
his
Majesty
exhorting
him
as
he
was
a
Gentleman
to
return
to
his
duty
and
Alleigance
,
upon
promises
of
pardon
and
reward
.
To
both
which
Col.
Mackworth
returned
answer
thus
;
For
the
Commander
in
Chief
of
the
Scottish
Army
.
SIR
,
BY
your
Trumpeter
I
received
two
Papers
,
the
one
containing
a
proposition
,
and
the
other
a
direct
Summons
for
the
Rendition
of
the
Town
and
Castle
of
Shrewsbury
,
the
Custody
whereof
I
have
recieved
by
Authority
of
Parliament
;
and
if
you
believe
me
a
Gentleman
(
as
you
say
you
do
)
you
may
believe
I
will
be
faithfull
to
my
trust
,
to
the
violation
whereof
neither
Allurements
can
perswade
me
,
nor
threatnings
offorce
;
espetially
when
but
paper
ones
compell
me
?
what
principles
I
am
judged
to
be
of
,
I
know
not
;
but
I
hope
they
are
such
as
shall
ever
declare
me
honest
,
and
no
way
differing
herein
(
as
I
know
)
from
those
engaged
in
the
same
employment
with
me
;
who
should
they
desert
that
cause
they
are
embarqued
in
,
I
resolve
to
be
found
as
I
am
,
unmoveable
,
The
faithfull
Servant
of
the
Commonwealth
of
England
.
H.
Mackworth
.
Thus
flat
a
denyall
did
his
Majesties
Royal
summons
receive
here
;
nor
did
his
Commands
to
Sir
Thomas
Middleton
Governour
of
Chirk
Castle
in
Flintshire
,
for
the
levying
of
men
for
his
service
,
find
better
success
.
But
from
hence
his
Majesty
directs
his
course
for
Worcester
,
where
he
arrives
on
the
twenty
second
of
August
,
and
notwithstanding
some
resistance
made
by
the
Parliaments
souldiers
,
quickly
enters
by
the
help
of
the
towns
men
,
who
joyfully
returned
to
their
Aleigance
&
Duty
;
here
't
was
again
solemnly
debated
whether
they
should
remain
here
or
march
for
London
,
and
was
at
length
concluded
that
in
regard
of
the
long
and
tedious
marches
that
the
Souldiery
had
had
,
it
would
be
much
better
to
tarry
hear
:
that
after
some
refreshment
they
might
be
able
with
more
vigor
and
courage
to
endure
the
brunt
.
The
Earl
of
Derby
who
had
some
few
dayes
before
his
Majesties
Arrivall
at
Worcester
,
brought
him
a
supply
of
two
hundred
and
fifty
foot
and
sixty
Horse
,
which
he
had
brought
with
him
out
of
the
Isle
of
Man
,
and
was
returned
back
into
Lancashire
,
out
of
hopes
that
by
his
influence
upon
that
County
he
might
get
a
more
numerous
Force
there
,
having
got
together
a
considerable
party
,
was
routed
by
Col.
Lilburn
,
who
was
there
with
a
party
to
watch
his
motions
;
and
was
first
engaged
by
the
Earl
,
out
of
a
design
he
had
to
hinder
Lilburn's
joyning
with
a
Regiment
of
Cromwells
;
which
was
sent
for
the
same
purpose
towards
Manchester
,
but
the
engagers
themselves
were
defeated
;
&
most
of
the
Earls
chief
Commanders
and
Gentlemen
of
note
with
him
taken
prisoners
,
such
were
the
Lord
Witherington
,
Sir
Thomas
Tilsly
,
Sir
William
Throgmorton
,
Col.
Boynton
,
and
sundry
others
.
His
Majesty
being
now
at
Worcester
and
solving
there
to
stay
and
endure
the
utmost
brunt
,
all
preparations
possible
are
made
,
for
the
fortifying
the
place
and
gaining
all
advantages
possible
;
to
which
purpose
a
Line
and
several
Mounts
were
quickly
raised
by
the
Pioneers
,
and
all
passes
about
the
Town
and
towards
it
secured
.
But
Major
General
Lambert
on
the
Rebulick's
side
,
sending
suddenly
a
party
of
Horse
to
discover
the
difficulty
of
the
passe
at
Upton
,
(
where
Major
General
Massey
(
for
his
Majesty
)
lay
with
a
party
about
300.
Horse
and
Dragoons
)
those
desperate
fellows
being
not
above
fifty
in
number
,
adventured
over
upon
one
piece
of
Timber
,
which
had
been
carelesly
left
,
from
arch
to
arch
.
And
though
Massey's
men
took
the
allarm
,
yet
was
Lambert
so
quick
in
sending
over
relief
to
his
Souldiers
(
whom
the
Royal
party
had
beleagured
in
a
Church
)
that
the
pass
was
clearly
gain'd
,
&
Major
General
Massey
forced
to
retreat
(
though
as
honourably
as
ever
man
did
)
for
him self
still
brought
up
the
,
Rear
in
which
service
(
though
his
Horse
was
slain
under
him
,
and
himselfe
shot
in
the
arm
)
yet
he
got
off
with
a
very
inconsiderable
loss
.
And
now
Cromwells
Army
began
to
joyn
with
all
those
parties
,
which
had
conspired
there
to
ruine
his
Majesty
,
whom
they
accounted
already
like
a
bird
in
a
Cage
;
for
this
Royall
Army
consisting
(
at
the
most
)
of
not
above
10000
fighting
men
,
whereas
the
Army
that
then
beleagur'd
and
encompassed
them
,
was
one
of
the
greatest
that
had
(
during
the
whole
time
of
the
late
War
)
been
raysed
in
England
,
amounting
(
according
to
common
computation
(
to
some
50.
or
60.
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
,
so
that
(
as
I
have
been
well
informed
)
this
Army
,
though
in
a
more
sanctified
strain
brag'd
and
insulted
more
over
his
Majesty
,
then
the
French
Army
at
Agincourt
did
over
the
thrice
Illustrious
King
Henry
5.
Yet
notwithstanding
their
assurance
of
making
him
their
prize
:
it
pleased
God
(
though
not
to
give
him
the
success
that
Henry
the
5.
had
)
yet
to
deliver
him
out
of
their
bloud
thirsty
hands
.
When
I
speak
of
the
Armies
insulting
over
his
Majesties
misery
;
I
hope
the
Reader
wil
understand
me
in
the
generality
;
for
though
many
and
perhaps
the
major
part
were
glad
of
these
his
straits
;
yet
many
noble
and
candid
loyal
souls
there
were
,
whom
nothing
but
a
tyrannicall
impulsion
could
have
forced
to
have
born
Armes
against
their
lawfull
Soveraign
.
It
being
well
known
that
thousands
were
forced
out
of
several
Countreys
to
serve
against
their
wills
,
&
them
too
put
into
the
brunt
of
the
battle
,
as
though
destined
for
the
slaughter
.
But
for
all
these
numerous
forces
which
encompassed
the
Royal
Army
,
they
were
chearfull
&
resolved
to
sell
their
lives
at
a
noble
rate
,
his
Majesty
by
the
Example
of
his
undaunted
courage
,
principally
encourageing
them
:
so
that
many
vigorous
sallies
were
made
upon
their
Enemies
,
&
though
their
supernumeraries
forc't
them
to
a
retreat
,
yet
was
it
very
seldom
and
never
ignobly
.
But
now
the
fatal
day
draws
nigh
,
a
day
before
so
eminently
auspitious
to
Cromwell
,
and
as
unfortunate
to
the
Scots
,
viz.
the
third
day
of
September
.
The
fight
was
occasioned
thus
,
Cromwell
,
Fleetwood
,
&
others
of
the
Republick
party
,
had
,
after
the
gaining
the
pass
at
Upton
,
endeavoured
to
make
themselves
a
clear
passage
to
the
City
,
that
their
Army
might
joyn
in
the
Leagure
,
to
which
end
and
purpose
they
ordered
the
making
of
two
Bridges
,
the
one
over
the
Severn
,
the
other
over
Thame
,
over
the
last
of
which
passes
Lievt.
General
Fleetwood
went
to
attach
the
West
side
of
the
Town
,
which
so
allarm'd
the
Royall
Army
(
who
then
lay
within
their
Leagure
at
St.
Jones
)
that
to
prevent
their
drawing
nigher
,
they
salyed
out
with
the
greatest
part
of
their
Horse
and
Foot
and
a
stiff
encounter
there
was
,
till
over
powred
by
numbers
more
then
by
valor
,
which
they
demonstrated
to
the
utmost
of
mens
strength
,
they
were
forced
to
retire
again
into
the
Leagure
,
leaving
more
of
their
Enemies
dead
bodies
in
the
field
then
of
their
own
.
But
whilst
the
encounter
was
on
the
West
side
of
the
Town
.
Cromwell
having
pass't
his
Army
over
Severn
,
he
march't
directly
to
the
Town
on
that
side
,
whereupon
his
Majesty
in
person
,
and
in
the
head
of
the
Horse
,
sallied
out
upon
him
,
and
that
with
so
much
valour
and
courage
,
that
Cromwel's
own
life-guard
,
and
the
best
of
his
old
Souldiers
,
who
were
thought
almost
invincible
)
were
forc't
to
retire
,
'till
seconded
by
those
numerous
supplies
of
fresh
Souldiers
,
who
served
only
like
the
Turkish
Asapi
,
to
blunt
the
Royal
swords
,
so
that
their
wearied
arms
no
longer
able
to
hold
out
,
were
forced
to
retreat
,
and
at
Length
(
notwithstanding
the
generous
example
of
his
Majesty
who
performed
things
worth
wonder
)
to
a
disorderly
flight
,
and
notwithstanding
his
Majesties
earnest
endeavours
(
in
which
he
had
his
horse
twice
shot
under
him
)
to
bring
them
again
to
a
rally
,
yet
it
proved
fruitless
,
for
the
Cromwellian
Army
pouring
forth
their
numbers
upon
them
,
permitted
them
not
so
much
time
,
but
following
them
close
at
the
heels
to
the
Town
,
towards
which
they
fled
,
entred
pelmel
with
them
.
And
now
notwithstanding
their
flight
,
and
the
danger
of
their
own
lives
;
yet
had
they
so
much
care
of
their
soveraign
,
that
the
whole
cry
throughout
both
Town
and
Army
was
nothing
else
but
Save
the
King
,
Save
the
King
;
for
him
they
knew
it
was
that
the
Junctoes
army
chiefly
looked
after
,
&
indeed
in
great
danger
he
was
;
for
notwithstanding
the
earnest
desires
of
many
of
his
friends
,
&
particularly
Duke
Hamilton
,
who
pressed
him
to
have
a
care
of
his
safety
,
&
reserve
his
person
to
a
more
fortunate
day
;
yet
his
Majesty
was
hardly
induced
to
quit
the
field
,
nor
would
he
till
he
saw
all
absolutely
lost
;
for
Cromwell's
Army
having
as
I
said
followed
the
Royalists
into
the
Town
,
and
got
possession
of
one
side
of
it
,
and
after
by
two
or
three
strong
assaults
upon
the
fort
Royal
where
the
Cheshire
men
(
never
before
found
so
disloyall
to
their
Prince
;
&
therefore
found
now
their
due
,
)
who
out
of
three
thousand
men
sacrificed
the
lives
of
1600
to
the
Ghosts
of
those
new
Royallists
which
were
all
put
to
the
sword
in
it
,
it
was
taken
by
storm
;
and
now
when
it
was
almost
too
late
,
his
Sacred
Majesty
thought
it
high
time
to
provide
for
his
safety
;
and
so
with
some
Nobles
and
Servants
not
without
a
great
deal
of
difficulty
,
(
for
how
could
it
be
otherwise
where
there
was
such
hard
search
made
for
him
,
)
he
quit
the
field
,
and
by
the
most
unfrequented
roades
that
they
could
possibly
find
out
,
rode
to
the
Farme-house
of
a
noble
Gentleman
on
the
borders
of
Staffordshire
,
where
they
no
sooner
arrived
but
his
Majesty
disroabed
himselfe
of
his
Princely
Ornament
&
accoutrements
;
and
particularly
of
a
Chain
of
Gold
or
spannar-string
worth
three
hundred
pounds
sterling
;
the
Present
of
a
Scottish
Lord
,
which
he
bestow'd
upon
a
Servant
of
his
there
present
:
which
done
for
his
farther
disguise
,
he
proceeded
to
the
cutting
of
his
hair
,
and
the
Cote
affording
neither
shears
nor
scissars
to
perform
it
,
it
was
by
the
Lord
Wilmot
cut
off
with
a
Knife
.
And
now
every
one
is
commanded
to
shift
for
himselfe
,
&
this
poor
Prince
left
alone
to
the
sole
protection
of
the
Almighty
,
he
choosing
none
but
one
friend
to
accompany
him
,
with
whom
he
wandred
into
a
Wood
,
within
four
miles
(
say
some
)
of
Wolverhampton
,
where
finding
a
hollow
Oak
,
he
was
now
content
to
make
it
his
Pallas
;
for
here
he
for
some
daies
concealed
himselfe
,
his
Friend
still
towards
night
going
out
to
provide
him
some
refreshmēt
dureing
this
his
solitary
confinement
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Lord
Wilmot
who
was
commanded
with
the
rest
to
seeke
his
fortune
,
was
by
chance
pursued
by
some
Souldiers
,
but
meeting
with
a
Country
fellow
for
merly
a
Souldier
in
the
old
King's
Army
,
he
was
by
him
secured
though
somwhat
strangly
,
for
he
carries
him
into
a
Malt-house
belonging
to
Mrs
Jane
Lane
,
&
having
no
other
convenient
place
to
hide
him
in
,
clapt
him
under
the
Kilne
,
though
there
were
then
some
fire
in
it
,
&
the
Malt
smoaking
on
the
top
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Souldiers
then
in
pursuit
of
him
,
entred
the
house
,
and
having
made
about
three
quarters
of
an
houres
search
every
where
else
,
but
not
at
all
suspecting
the
Kilne
,
where
they
saw
the
fire
they
departed
,
&
the
Lord
Wilmot
was
taken
out
of
the
Kilne
almost
ready
to
faint
with
the
extreamity
of
the
heat
.
The
country
fellow
having
thus
secured
this
Lord
,
acquaints
Mrs.
Lane
with
what
he
had
done
,
and
she
extreamly
glad
of
it
,
gets
him
to
her
house
,
where
in
conference
she
enquires
of
the
Kings
safety
.
The
Lord
Wilmot
gives
her
the
former
relation
of
his
miseries
and
distress
,
which
forces
tears
from
the
tender
hearted
Gentlewoman
,
she
earnestly
entreats
him
to
take
some
course
for
the
finding
out
of
his
Majestie
,
and
conducting
him
to
her
house
,
she
being
resolved
to
venture
her
life
,
had
she
ten
thousand
,
for
the
saveing
of
his
Royal
Majesties
.
The
Lord
Wilmot
glad
of
so
happy
an
opportunity
to
serve
his
Majesty
,
and
so
great
a
ptobability
of
secureing
him
,
the
next
night
finds
him
out
,
&
conducts
him
from
the
Royal
Oak
to
the
House
of
Mrs.
Jane
Lane
,
where
after
a
large
condoling
of
his
hard
fortune
,
consultation
was
had
for
a
conveniency
for
his
Escape
beyond
sea
,
at
length
it
was
concluded
,
that
Bristoll
would
be
the
most
convenient
place
to
take
shipping
,
That
his
Majesty
should
ride
before
Mrs.
Lane
by
the
name
of
William
,
servant
to
Mr.
Lastel
her
father
in
Law
,
who
was
likewise
to
go
with
them
;
&
thus
it
was
immediately
given
out
,
that
Mr.
Lastel
and
Mrs.
Lane
were
to
take
a
journey
into
the
West
,
to
visit
some
friends
,
and
shortly
after
they
set
forward
.
In
this
journey
there
happned
many
accidents
worthy
commemoration
,
and
first
the
Kings
Majesty
riding
now
as
a
servant
to
one
of
the
faithfullest
of
his
subjects
,
in
a
Livery
cloak
,
though
not
without
that
respect
that
durst
be
given
to
him
;
complaines
to
Mrs.
Lane
that
the
Cloak
wearied
him
,
whereupon
she
desires
Mr.
Lastel
to
carry
it
,
&
long
they
had
not
rid
so
,
but
they
met
upon
the
road
her
Brother
in
law
,
who
amongst
other
questions
demanded
of
her
,
if
her
Father
must
carry
her
mans
Cloak
,
to
which
she
readily
answered
,
that
it
was
so
big
that
it
often
endangered
the
throwing
her
off
the
Horse
,
and
that
she
had
therefore
desir'd
him
to
carry
it
.
The
next
and
most
important
accident
of
all
was
,
that
coming
into
a
Town
which
they
were
to
pass
through
,
there
was
a
Troop
of
horse
there
to
be
quartered
,
drawn
up
,
which
at
a
distance
caused
some
fear
,
but
at
length
with
a
resolution
they
passed
on
,
and
the
Captain
taking
them
for
honest
Travellers
,
made
his
Troop
open
to
the
right
and
left
,
and
so
permitted
them
to
pass
.
Another
accident
there
hapned
,
which
one
may
say
was
almost
comical
in
this
Tragedy
;
Mrs.
Lane
coming
into
the
Inne
,
leaves
his
Majesty
under
the
name
of
William
her
servant
,
in
the
Kitchin
,
with
whom
the
Maid
enters
into
discourse
,
she
asks
him
where
he
was
born
,
and
what
trade
he
was
;
he
answered
at
Brummingham
,
&
a
Naylor's
Son
;
and
after
a
great
deal
of
other
discourse
,
the
Jack
being
down
,
the
Maid
desires
him
to
wind
it
up
;
which
he
willingly
undertakes
,
but
goes
the
wrong
way
about
it
,
and
somwhat
prejudices
it
;
at
which
the
Maid
grew
angry
,
asking
him
where
he
was
bred
,
and
telling
him
he
was
the
veryest
clownish
booby
that
ever
she
saw
in
all
her
life
;
which
railing
of
hers
made
his
Majesty
notwithstanding
his
present
misery
,
go
out
of
the
room
smiling
.
Mrs.
Lane
notwithstanding
his
Majesty
went
as
her
Servant
,
yet
had
a
greater
respect
for
him
before
others
,
pretending
him
her
Tennant's
son
;
but
on
the
Road
she
would
alwayes
ask
what
he
would
have
to
dinner
or
supper
;
&
what
piece
of
that
he
liked
,
which
she
would
always
be
sure
to
get
made
ready
,
and
give
him
,
he
still
sitting
at
the
lower
end
of
the
Table
.
But
to
come
to
the
end
of
their
journey
;
being
arrived
at
Bristol
,
they
lodged
at
the
house
of
a
noble
Gentleman
there
,
and
Kinsman
to
Mr.
Lastles
:
the
King
finding
it
to
be
a
house
of
great
resort
,
feigns
him selfe
sick
of
an
Ague
,
and
so
keeps
his
Chamber
all
the
day
,
coming
down
only
at
nights
;
but
one
night
coming
down
,
&
being
somewhat
cold
,
he
craves
a
glass
of
wine
of
the
Butler
,
This
Butler
having
before
served
his
Majesties
Father
in
the
Wars
,
looking
earnestly
upon
him
,
suspected
him
to
be
the
King
;
so
easily
will
Majesty
appear
,
though
vail'd
in
the
utmost
disguises
;
and
thereupon
pulling
off
his
Hat
,
told
him
very
ceremoniously
,
That
he
might
command
what
wine
he
pleased
;
of
which
the
King
tooke
no
notice
,
but
drinking
of
his
wine
went
out
:
Yet
the
Butler
could
not
satisfie
his
suspition
,
but
went
up
to
Mr.
Lastell's
,
and
demanded
of
him
how
long
he
had
had
that
servant
?
Whereupon
Mr.
Lastell's
was
very
angry
at
his
boldness
in
dareing
to
aske
him
such
a
Question
,
But
the
Butler
still
persisted
,
and
whispering
told
him
,
that
he
believed
it
was
the
King
:
Whereupon
Mr.
Lastell's
seeing
he
was
discover'd
,
sends
immediatly
up
for
his
Majesty
,
whom
he
acquaints
with
the
Butler's
discovery
of
him
,
with
whom
the
King
was
somwhat
angry
,
in
regard
he
did
not
first
acquaint
himself
with
his
suspition
,
it
not
being
impossible
,
but
Mr.
Lastles
might
not
have
known
him
to
be
the
King
:
but
upon
pardon
asked
by
the
Butler
,
it
was
granted
him
by
the
King
,
and
he
afterwards
proved
very
instrumental
in
his
Majesties
conveyance
through
the
Countrey
.
But
here
at
Bristol
;
the
chief
design
they
had
in
hand
failed
them
;
for
though
there
were
a
little
Bark
lay
there
,
judged
most
convenient
for
the
business
;
yet
the
Master
would
for
no
reward
transport
a
single
person
,
though
he
was
so
honest
as
only
to
deny
it
,
and
made
no
farther
search
or
inquiry
concerning
the
Person
,
which
might
perhaps
have
tended
to
a
discovery
.
This
design
here
failing
,
his
Majesty
desired
to
be
brought
some
miles
westward
,
to
the
house
of
a
worthy
Gentleman
,
whom
he
knew
to
be
a
trusty
friend
;
where
coming
,
he
findes
the
Gentleman
in
the
Field
with
his
Servants
:
having
discovered
himself
to
him
,
he
was
by
him
conveyed
to
a
convenient
stand
'till
night
,
(
having
first
taken
leave
of
his
true
friends
,
who
had
thus
far
conducted
him
with
the
danger
of
their
Lives
&
Estates
)
from
whence
he
was
in
the
dusk
conveyed
into
the
house
,
and
there
carefully
concealed
for
a
week
,
till
such
time
as
preparation
could
be
made
in
some
Western
Port
of
a
passage
for
him
;
but
coming
afterwards
there
where
it
was
provided
,
chancing
to
dine
with
a
Parliament
Colonel
then
there
,
he
thought
it
the
safer
to
lose
the
benefit
of
that
passage
,
then
adventure
to
imbarque
himself
singly
,
which
might
breed
suspition
,
&
perhaps
have
been
the
means
after
so
many
deliverances
,
to
have
betrayed
him
into
the
hands
of
his
Enemies
.
This
passage
then
likewise
failing
him
,
he
returned
back
to
the
place
from
whence
he
came
,
&
there
concealed
himself
three
weeks
longer
,
till
in
the
end
it
being
resolved
on
,
he
by
the
assistance
of
Mr.
Ph.
was
convey'd
through
the
most
by
wayes
they
could
imagine
,
to
a
Gentlewomans
house
in
Sussex
,
where
he
lay
some
few
daies
,
til
a
person
of
true
worth
&
honour
made
provision
of
a
faithfull
master
,
who
with
a
small
vessel
wafted
him
to
a
small
Creeke
in
Normandy
,
to
the
great
content
of
the
Kings
sacred
Majesty
,
and
all
his
loyal
Subjects
,
and
to
the
honour
of
the
master
with
due
reward
,
as
in
time
may
appear
.
Perhaps
the
reader
may
think
it
tedious
that
I
have
given
so
large
a
relation
of
his
Majesties
escape
from
the
fight
at
Wercester
;
but
it
was
a
work
so
full
of
wonder
&
providence
,
and
so
many
false
relations
there
are
abroad
,
that
I
could
do
no
less
then
recount
all
those
miseries
and
hardships
which
this
poor
Prince
endured
for
the
sakes
of
us
his
Subjects
,
and
more
would
he
willingly
have
endured
,
even
death
it self
,
to
the
redeeming
of
us
from
the
tyranny
and
oppression
which
we
then
groan'd
under
.
But
let
him
that
shall
looke
upon
the
several
passages
of
his
,
read
them
over
&
over
,
consider
the
several
difficulties
he
passed
,
the
many
dangers
he
was
in
to
be
betrayed
,
the
countrey
being
up
round
about
,
the
summe
of
mony
set
upon
his
head
,
for
which
many
hundreds
out
of
covetousnes
made
it
their
business
to
search
for
him
;
&
they
will
confess
ingeniously
,
that
God
was
never
so
merciful
to
any
people
,
as
to
us
,
in
delivering
his
sacred
Majesty
so
wonderfully
out
of
the
hands
of
his
Enemies
,
who
breathed
out
nothing
but
his
death
and
destruction
,
that
we
may
yet
have
hopes
to
be
a
happy
Nation
.
But
let
us
now
returne
to
give
a
full
account
of
this
dismal
loss
at
Worcester
,
in
which
most
of
his
Majesties
foot
were
either
made
a
prize
,
or
a
sacrifice
to
their
enemies
swords
;
of
the
horse
there
escaped
300.
out
of
the
field
,
but
were
most
afterwards
either
taken
or
kil'd
by
the
country
people
in
their
flight
;
three
thousand
were
judged
slain
in
the
Field
,
and
about
seaven
thousand
taken
prisoners
;
whereof
the
chief
were
,
the
Earles
Derby
,
Lauderdale
,
Cleveland
,
Shrewsburge
,
&
the
Lord
Wentworth
,
and
many
other
noble
persons
taken
in
the
pursuit
.
And
the
chief
of
those
taken
in
the
battel
were
,
the
Earles
of
Carnworth
and
Kelly
,
the
Lord
Synclare
,
Sir
John
Packington
;
the
Major
Generals
,
montgomery
and
Piscotty
;
and
the
Virgil
of
this
Age
,
that
thrice
worthy
Mr.
Richard
Fanshaw
,
Translator
of
the
renowned
Paster
Fido
,
and
Secretary
to
his
Majesty
.
As
for
the
thrice
noble
Duke
Hamilton
,
he
was
taken
,
but
not
overcome
;
overpowred
,
but
not
vanquisht
.
For
after
having
made
a
most
Heroick
resistance
,
he
was
reduced
under
his
enemies
power
,
more
for
want
of
strength
then
valour
:
but
death
entring
in
at
those
wounds
which
he
so
gallantly
received
in
defence
of
his
Soveraign
,
soon
after
released
him
.
Major
General
Massey
,
though
he
escaped
the
field
;
yet
his
wounds
being
desperate
,
he
was
forced
to
surrender
himself
to
the
Countess
of
Stamford
,
&
was
by
her
Son
,
the
Lord
Grey
of
Grooby
,
after
the
recovery
of
his
wounds
,
sent
up
prisoner
to
the
Parliament
,
and
by
them
committed
to
the
Tower
,
from
whence
he
not
long
after
escaped
,
and
went
to
his
Majesty
beyond
sea
.
This
strange
and
wonderfull
Victory
(
as
the
Juncto
at
Westminster
gave
it
out
to
be
,
though
they
had
six
to
one
in
the
field
)
made
that
Sectarian
party
cock-a-hoop
;
&
to
make
it
the
greater
,
publick
days
of
Thanksgiving
are
appointed
to
make
God
the
patronizer
of
their
villanies
,
murders
,
tyrannyes
and
treasons
;
and
now
they
boast
in
all
their
discourses
how
clearly
it
might
appear
that
God
owned
their
cause
,
and
disowned
their
adversaries
.
I
think
a
modern
writer
hath
sufficiently
confuted
that
commonly
received
tenent
of
Politicians
,
[
*
](B21038-e21090-b)
*
See
Modern
Policy
.
That
successe
denotes
actions
to
be
either
just
or
unjust
.
I
shall
therefore
leave
the
sober
Reader
here
to
satisfie
himself
,
&
refer
it
to
him
,
whether
such
do
not
justly
deserve
Ovid's
wish
:
—
Careat
successibus
opto
,
Quisquis
ab
eventu
facta
notanda
putat
.
Let
him
for
ever
in
successe
be
poor
;
That
thinks
it
justifies
his
cause
the
more
.
But
this
Nation
is
so
highly
sensible
of
the
injustice
put
upon
them
by
those
who
pretend
so
much
right
in
their
Cause
,
that
there
's
no
loyal
Subject
but
will
thinke
according
to
reason
,
that
it
was
not
the
justice
of
their
cause
,
but
our
own
and
the
Nations
sinnes
which
caused
God
to
raise
up
these
men
as
scourges
both
to
Prince
&
People
;
&
to
the
prince
only
for
the
peoples
sake
.
Some
I
have
heard
,
which
out
of
a
spirit
which
I
cannot
well
define
,
have
endeavoured
to
brand
his
Royal
Majesty
with
Cowardize
in
this
battel
;
which
from
whence
it
could
proceed
,
unless
from
their
own
coward
nature
,
which
would
insimulate
another
in
that
of
which
themselves
are
guilty
,
I
cannot
imagine
;
since
Cromwell
the
greatest
of
his
Enemies
(
because
the
most
desirous
of
his
Kingdomes
)
yet
had
so
much
of
truth
in
him
,
as
to
give
a
high
and
noble
Character
of
his
valour
.
But
to
proceed
,
we
have
now
said
enough
of
this
fatall
battel
,
the
seeming
ruine
of
the
Royal
Interest
in
England
,
unless
God
of
his
mercy
be
pleased
to
restore
it
for
the
good
,
peace
and
quiet
of
these
Nations
,
since
without
it
we
cannot
hope
to
enjoy
any
.
His
sacred
Majesty
being
landed
in
France
near
Havre
de
Grace
;
from
thence
with
a
Noble
Lord
in
his
Company
,
posted
directly
for
Roan
,
where
they
stayed
to
alter
their
disguises
,
and
furnish
them
with
habits
answerable
to
their
qualities
;
his
Majesty
from
thence
having
dispach't
Letters
to
the
French
Court
to
acquaint
his
friends
there
of
his
safe
Arrival
,
which
doubtless
caused
no
little
joy
in
those
who
were
real
to
him
,
and
almost
despaired
ever
again
to
have
seen
him
.
The
Duke
of
Orleans
sends
his
own
Coach
to
fetch
him
,
and
several
persons
of
quality
go
to
meet
him
;
by
whom
he
was
attended
to
Paris
,
and
there
received
with
all
possible
expressions
of
joy
,
lodgings
and
attendants
being
forthwith
provided
for
him
in
the
Louure
;
where
,
at
his
first
arrival
he
was
visited
by
the
Queen
his
Mother
,
&
the
Duke
of
Orleans
,
who
of
all
persons
in
the
Kingdome
exprest
himselfe
the
most
ready
to
do
him
service
;
and
the
next
day
visits
him
again
,
accompanied
with
his
Daughter
Madamoiselle
.
he
is
likewise
courted
by
the
Dukes
of
Beaufort
,
Langueville
.
Guize
,
the
Marshall
Thurine
,
and
many
other
Peers
&
Nobles
of
France
,
who
all
congratulate
his
safe
deliverance
.
And
now
his
Majesty
having
lost
all
hopes
of
any
furthermeans
of
attaining
his
Dominions
by
force
,
leads
here
a
retired
life
;
yet
living
in
regard
of
his
high
alliance
and
extraction
,
in
great
esteem
with
all
the
French
Nobility
:
Insomuch
that
notwithstanding
his
present
low
condition
,
there
was
very
great
talk
of
a
match
to
be
made
up
between
him
&
the
Madamoiselle
de
Orlians
,
the
richest
princess
in
Christendome
;
yet
by
some
means
or
other
it
came
to
no
effect
,
though
the
Queen
of
England
his
Mother
,
was
an
earnest
promoter
of
it
,
and
also
the
Duke
of
York
to
Longuevelle's
Daughter
.
Whilst
these
things
were
transacting
,
hapned
that
lately
reconciled
Fracture
between
the
Prince
of
Conde
and
Cardinal
Mazarine
,
most
of
the
Prince
of
the
Bloud
siding
with
the
first
;
&
the
King
of
France
(
who
was
newly
declared
of
age
to
sway
the
Scpter
himselfe
)
with
the
last
.
The
cause
of
the
quarrel
was
that
extravagant
power
which
Mazarine
a
stranger
had
usurped
in
the
government
of
the
Kingdome
,
both
depriving
the
Princes
of
the
bloud
of
their
Right
,
and
oppressing
the
people
;
whose
daily
murmurings
more
encouraged
the
Princes
against
him
:
this
power
he
had
got
into
his
hands
in
the
Regency
of
the
Queen
Mother
,
whose
grand
Favourite
he
only
was
.
The
Princes
therefore
,
though
they
could
not
dureing
her
Regency
who
so
much
loved
him
,
yet
hoped
they
might
effect
somthing
now
the
King
himselfe
is
come
to
govern
;
to
which
intent
they
charge
him
with
several
miscarriages
of
State
,
which
the
Cardinal
defends
,
&
the
King
also
enclines
to
his
side
by
the
instigation
of
the
Queen
his
Mother
;
yet
nothing
but
the
Cardinals
banishment
will
satisfie
the
Princes
,
who
join
the
Duke
of
Lorain
to
them
,
then
in
the
service
of
the
Spaniard
,
with
an
Army
of
ten
thousand
men
;
so
that
they
intend
with
his
assistance
(
if
they
could
not
obtain
their
desires
by
fair
means
)
to
have
forc't
it
.
Thus
these
differences
were
arrived
to
such
a
height
,
that
nothing
but
a
Civil
war
was
like
to
ensue
;
which
made
his
Sacred
Majesty
of
England
use
his
utmost
endeavours
to
compose
&
stay
this
breach
before
it
came
to
an
utter
overflow
;
to
which
effect
he
dayly
went
to
&
fro
be
twixt
the
King
&
the
Princes
;
endeavouring
to
bring
them
to
a
reconciliatiō
,
urging
by
his
own
example
the
miseries
and
calamities
that
must
necessarily
fall
upon
every
mans
head
by
a
Civil
War
,
telling
the
King
that
the
late
example
of
his
Royall
Father
of
happy
memory
,
might
be
an
inducement
to
him
to
be
at
peace
with
his
Subjects
,
rather
then
embroil
his
Kingdomes
in
a
bloudywar
,
by
which
though
he
might
for
the
present
gaine
the
better
;
yet
in
the
end
he
would
stil
be
sure
to
have
the
worse
.
Yet
these
Arguments
,
and
his
Majesties
earnest
endeavours
for
peace
and
reconciliatiō
,
produced
nothing
,
but
only
contracted
an
unjust
odium
upon
him
from
both
parties
for
his
good
will
;
the
Princes
believing
that
he
counselled
the
King
against
them
,
and
the
Cardinal
against
him
:
So
that
he
lost
the
love
of
both
by
endeavouring
to
mak
them
love
one
another
;
yet
notwithstanding
the
ill
successe
he
had
,
this
Noble
Prince
still
pursues
his
pacifick
intentions
,
til
such
time
as
he
gains
a
conference
between
the
King
Cardinall
&
Princes
;
but
this
proves
ineffectuall
;
For
the
Princes
heightned
with
the
aid
they
expected
from
the
Duke
of
Lorain
,
instead
of
coming
to
an
accord
,
only
exasperate
differences
.
Yet
his
Sacred
Majesty
ceases
not
,
but
endeavours
to
bring
them
yet
to
a
peaceable
compliance
;
&
in
order
threunto
procures
another
Conference
,
where
he
himself
would
be
Moderatour
;
but
this
proves
as
ineffectuall
as
the
former
;
For
the
Prince
of
Conde
was
above
all
others
outragious
,
and
would
come
to
no
agreement
,
except
Mazarine
were
first
banished
France
,
and
the
French
King
as
violently
persisted
in
his
resolution
against
it
,
alledging
,
That
he
had
approved
himself
both
a
faithfull
servant
,
and
an
able
Minister
of
State
.
So
in
stead
of
agreement
,
both
sides
prepare
for
War
,
yet
are
both
sides
equally
angry
,
&
exasperated
against
his
sacred
Majesty
for
his
good
will
toward
them
and
the
Nation
,
the
one
and
other
party
imagining
that
both
he
and
his
Mother
had
given
counsels
opposite
to
their
designes
.
But
that
which
above
all
exasperated
the
Princes
against
his
Majesty
of
England
,
was
the
sudden
luke-warmness
of
the
Duke
of
Lorain
in
the
business
.
For
though
he
had
drawn
off
his
Army
,
as
though
he
had
complied
with
their
resolutions
to
come
to
a
battel
;
yet
being
sent
for
by
the
Princes
to
advance
towards
Paris
,
he
refused
to
come
;
which
made
the
Princes
believe
there
had
been
some
underhand
dealing
with
him
;
and
that
which
most
of
all
encreased
their
jealousies
that
King
Charles
had
a
hand
in
it
,
was
this
;
The
Duke
of
Beaufort
coming
to
the
Camp
of
Lorain
to
desire
him
in
the
name
of
the
Princes
to
come
up
and
fight
,
found
there
his
Majesty
&
his
brother
the
Duke
of
York
in
private
conference
with
Lorain
,
who
withdrawing
when
Beaufort
appeared
;
&
Beaufort
finding
the
Duke's
aversness
to
the
enterprize
confirmed
him
,
and
he
confirmed
the
Princes
of
the
King
of
England's
endeavours
,
whereby
he
had
withdrawn
Lorain
from
their
party
:
This
coming
to
the
peoples
ears
who
were
absolute
favourers
of
the
Princes
,
and
inveterate
enemies
to
Mazarine
,
so
extreamly
incensed
them
against
the
English
Princes
,
that
they
threaten
violence
and
indignities
to
their
persons
,
&
are
not
afraid
to
affront
the
Queen
their
Mother
in
her
Coach
;
which
made
his
Majesty
to
avoid
the
popular
fury
,
retire
himself
from
the
Lovure
to
St.
Germane
.
Nor
is
the
Cardinal
less
incensed
,
though
under
a
more
politick
vail
;
For
though
both
Princes
and
People
might
imagine
&
believe
that
his
Majesty
had
counsel'd
things
opposite
to
their
intentions
,
yet
the
Cardinal
very
well
knew
that
he
had
advised
the
King
as
the
best
course
,
to
consent
to
his
departure
out
of
the
Kingdome
;
and
that
if
he
had
endeavoured
to
draw
Lorain
from
their
party
,
't
was
only
out
of
a
desire
he
had
to
expedite
their
agreement
;
he
therefore
resolves
to
thwart
him
in
all
his
designs
.
And
so
he
did
to
the
utmost
of
his
endeavours
:
For
his
Majesty
though
suspected
by
the
Prince
,
in
his
several
conferences
with
Lorain
to
have
endeavoured
to
divert
him
from
them
,
was
only
transacting
with
him
for
the
recovery
of
his
Kingdome
of
Ireland
out
of
the
hands
of
the
English
Republick
;
to
which
effect
several
Articles
were
drawn
up
between
the
Duke
of
Lorain
,
and
the
Lord
Taaff
;
two
of
which
were
:
1.
That
the
Duke
of
Lorain
should
transport
an
Army
of
10000.
men
at
his
own
charge
into
Ireland
,
there
to
joyn
with
such
as
should
be
found
Loyal
,
for
the
Recovery
of
his
Majesties
Rights
in
that
Kingdom
.
2.
That
the
Duke
of
Lorain
should
by
his
Majesty
be
invested
with
the
power
and
Title
of
Protector
Royall
of
Ireland
.
These
Articles
though
drawn
up
,
never
came
to
be
signed
;
the
cause
of
which
some
have
imagined
to
be
the
disability
of
the
Duke
to
performe
the
Enterprise
without
the
Aid
of
some
other
Prince
;
but
we
may
in
more
reason
guess
,
it
proceeded
from
the
strenuous
endeavours
of
Mazarine
(
his
Majesties
so
lately
made-enemy
)
to
divert
the
Duke's
Army
,
then
from
any
other
cause
.
Many
in
England
upon
hearing
of
these
Propositions
made
to
the
Duke
of
Lorain
,
(
which
I
must
confess
some
believe
to
have
never
proceeded
any
farther
then
discourse
of
the
Duks
)
feared
his
Majesties
too
great
inclination
to
the
Romish
Religion
,
which
fear
his
after
retirement
at
St.
Germain's
,
convinced
there
was
no
need
of
:
For
here
he
spent
his
time
wholly
in
Piety
and
Devotions
,
according
to
the
best
worship
of
the
Church
of
England
,
never
forgeting
to
pray
for
those
his
Enemies
who
were
not
only
content
to
have
deprived
him
of
his
Kingdoms
,
but
continually
belched
forth
both
slanders
and
maledictions
against
him
.
His
Majesty
having
staid
at
S.
Germains
till
such
time
as
the
heate
of
the
popular
fury
was
over
,
which
decreased
still
towards
them
as
they
found
Mazarine
more
averse
to
him
,
returned
again
to
the
Lovure
;
where
during
his
abode
,
his
brother
the
Duke
of
Gloucester
(
who
had
a
long
time
been
detained
by
the
Juncto
of
England
in
the
Isle
of
Wight
,
and
was
lately
permitted
by
them
to
go
to
his
Sister
the
Princess
Royal
in
Holland
,
came
to
him
accompanied
from
the
Hague
by
Sir
Marmaduke
Langdale
and
Sir
Richard
Greenvile
;
he
was
at
his
arrivall
at
Paris
honourably
received
by
the
King
of
France
,
and
Queen
Mother
;
and
courted
according
to
his
birth
by
the
rest
of
the
Grandees
and
Peers
of
the
Kingdome
.
Likewise
during
his
Majesties
abode
here
,
arrived
his
Quondam
Preserver
Mrs.
Jane
Lane
,
who
after
she
had
taken
leave
of
his
Majesty
at
Bristol
,
return'd
home
;
and
lived
for
some
space
in
a
great
deale
of
security
,
not
doubting
she
could
be
betray'd
:
Yet
at
length
by
what
means
I
know
not
,
(
though
indeed
I
have
heard
of
many
relations
that
I
dare
not
relate
any
)
it
came
to
light
;
yet
she
had
some
timely
notice
of
it
,
whereupon
she
who
had
formerly
disguised
his
Majesty
in
a
Serving-mans
habit
,
now
disguises
her self
in
that
of
a
Country
Wench
;
and
trots
on
foot
(
to
save
her
life
which
she
was
like
to
lose
for
having
formerly
saved
his
sacred
Majesties
,
)
quite
crosse
the
Countrey
to
Yarmouth
,
where
she
found
shipping
which
conveyed
her
safe
into
France
;
great
search
after
her
departure
there
was
made
for
her
but
in
vain
;
which
so
incensed
the
Souldiers
that
they
burnt
down
to
the
ground
that
poor
Cottage
where
his
Majesty
first
took
shelter
after
his
escape
from
Worcester
.
She
being
arrived
in
France
,
sends
a
Letter
to
the
Court
,
whereupon
his
Majesty
almost
over-joy'd
at
her
Escape
who
had
been
the
cause
of
his
,
immediatly
sends
some
persons
of
quality
in
Coaches
to
conduct
her
to
Paris
,
whither
he
being
near
come
himself
with
the
Queen
his
Mother
,
the
Duke
of
York
,
Gloucester
,
went
out
to
meet
this
Preserver
of
the
life
of
their
Son
,
Soveraign
and
Brother
;
the
Coaches
meeting
,
and
she
being
descended
from
her
Coach
,
his
Majesty
likewise
descends
,
&
taking
her
by
the
hand
,
salutes
her
with
this
gratefull
expression
,
Welcome
my
life
,
&
so
putting
her
into
his
own
Coach
,
conducts
her
to
Paris
,
where
she
was
entertained
with
the
applause
and
wonder
of
the
whole
Court
:
and
she
could
indeed
deserve
no
less
;
for
I
believe
neither
past
or
future
Ages
can
or
will
ever
parallell
so
great
a
pattern
of
female
Loyalty
and
Generosity
.
Whilst
his
Majesty
was
thus
passing
away
his
time
in
France
,
more
in
contemtemplation
then
action
,
Oliver
Cromwell
made
General
of
all
the
Juncto's
Forces
in
England
,
Scotland
,
and
Jreland
,
finding
now
a
fit
opportunity
to
put
his
long-laid
ambitious
designs
in
execution
,
had
dissolved
that
Juncto
which
had
usurped
the
Kingly
power
or
more
,
over
England
,
and
taken
upon
himself
(
though
not
the
title
)
yet
the
Royall
power
and
authority
over
these
Nations
,
which
the
people
,
though
unwilling
,
yet
were
forced
to
submit
to
;
&
though
he
had
not
at
first
any
basis
whereon
to
ground
his
new
usurped
Regality
;
yet
in
stead
of
one
Juncto
he
pluckt
down
,
he
easily
sets
up
another
,
which
I
may
the
more
justly
call
so
,
in
regard
there
was
not
one
of
them
chosen
by
the
free
Votes
of
the
People
,
but
by
his
own
arbitrary
Election
,
and
those
such
persons
who
knew
well
enough
what
they
had
to
doe
before
they
met
:
these
after
a
short
time
sitting
(
without
doing
any
thing
besides
the
making
of
some
impertinent
laws
which
were
forceably
imposed
on
the
people
)
surrender
their
power
(
as
dying
men
do
their
souls
to
God
)
into
his
hands
that
gave
it
,
who
by
the
help
of
the
Officers
of
the
Army
,
and
Lamberts
instrument
,
makes
himself
immediatly
king
of
England
,
Scotland
and
Ireland
(
which
government
he
had
often
sworn
against
)
though
under
the
title
of
Protector
.
This
(
I
must
needs
say
)
Noble
Tyrant
,
having
got
the
Dominion
of
three
such
Kingdoms
into
his
possession
,
made
it
now
as
much
his
study
to
preserve
himself
safe
in
his
Estate
and
Grandure
,
as
he
did
before
to
acquire
it
;
to
which
purpose
he
thought
it
most
suitable
to
that
design
,
to
make
some
remarkable
disturbance
amongst
the
neighbouring
Princes
;
then
to
continue
that
War
(
begun
by
the
Juncto
of
Parliament
)
with
the
Dutch
,
to
which
purpose
severall
motions
of
a
Treaty
passed
.
His
sacred
Majesty
,
though
he
had
sundry
times
before
solicited
the
assistance
of
those
United
Provinces
for
the
regaining
of
his
Right
in
his
Kingdoms
,
now
more
earnestly
upon
secret
intelligence
of
the
first
motions
of
this
Treaty
,
sends
the
Lord
Gerard
his
Embassadour
to
the
United
States
more
earnestly
intreating
them
to
own
his
Interest
then
before
,
proffering
,
that
if
they
would
set
out
a
good
squadron
of
ships
under
his
Flag
,
he
would
command
them
himself
in
person
.
His
Sister
,
the
princess
of
Orange
and
other
of
his
friends
in
the
Low
Countries
,
addicted
to
his
Interest
,
earnestly
prosecutes
his
desires
,
and
use
their
utmost
influence
on
the
States
of
the
United
provinces
for
the
performance
of
his
propositions
.
Nor
are
there
five
of
these
Provinces
,
nor
Van
Trump
himself
their
Admiral
unwilling
to
comply
with
him
.
Only
the
Province
of
Holland
,
the
most
potent
at
sea
,
stands
out
,
chiefly
out
of
the
disgust
they
had
lately
taken
to
the
family
of
Orange
,
whose
interest
and
command
they
were
fearfull
might
bee
restored
,
should
his
Majesty
,
who
was
Uncle
to
the
young
Prince
,
be
invested
in
his
Territories
.
His
Majesty
likewise
to
advance
his
hopes
of
their
assistance
,
when
Monsieur
Bortell
came
from
those
United
States
to
negotiate
a
League
with
the
King
of
France
,
used
his
utmost
Interest
to
promote
the
Treaty
,
and
in
fine
,
brought
it
to
a
desired
period
:
notwithstanding
the
United
States
sent
no
other
answer
to
his
Embassey
then
a
cold
Letter
of
Complements
.
His
designs
thus
failing
him
here
,
he
directed
himself
to
a
more
hopefull
course
,
by
interposing
himself
a
Mediator
with
the
Pope
and
other
Catholick
Princes
for
an
accord
and
peace
between
the
two
mighty
Crowns
of
France
and
Spain
.
And
indeed
two
such
potent
Monarchs
had
been
in
better
capacity
with
their
joynt
forces
to
have
assisted
him
(
had
the
peace
gon
forward
,
as
there
was
great
hopes
)
then
the
United
States
of
the
Netherlands
;
but
Cardinal
Mazarine
by
a
piece
of
secret
state-policy
,
endeavoured
to
obstruct
all
proceedings
which
might
tend
to
a
Treaty
or
accord
.
Nor
was
this
Cardinal's
spleen
to
his
Royall
Majesty
yet
allayed
;
for
his
supposed
Council
against
him
in
the
forementioned
difference
between
the
King
&
Princes
;
but
farther
to
prejudice
him
and
his
affairs
,
he
endeavours
the
promotion
of
a
peace
between
the
Protector
of
England
and
the
French
King
his
Master
,
which
,
though
opposed
by
all
the
force
and
Interest
that
either
himselfe
or
the
Queen
his
Mother
had
in
the
French
Court
;
yet
was
by
the
Cardinall
(
whose
will
was
a
law
,
all
other
Government
in
that
Kingdome
being
but
a
meer
shadow
)
vigorously
carried
on
,
and
an
Embassadour
sent
over
to
treat
of
an
accord
:
where
having
been
sometime
in
England
,
his
Majesty
was
by
secret
intelligence
informed
that
the
chief
Article
insisted
upon
in
the
Treaty
(
by
the
Protector
of
England
)
was
the
excluding
himself
,
relations
and
followers
out
of
the
Kingdome
of
France
and
it's
Territories
;
wherefore
least
the
treaty
should
be
suddenly
concluded
upon
those
tearms
,
&
he
ceremoniously
excluded
,
he
thought
it
more
honourable
himself
to
leave
that
Kingdome
of
his
own
accord
;
and
having
taken
his
leave
of
the
King
of
France
,
and
the
rest
of
the
Nobility
accompanied
with
his
Coufin
Prince
Rupert
,
he
departed
for
Germany
,
where
the
Lord
Wilmot
had
long
been
Embassadour
for
him
to
solicite
aid
and
assistance
.
Yet
notwithstanding
his
Brothers
,
the
Duke
of
York
and
Glocester
,
staid
still
in
France
.
The
first
having
under
the
Command
of
the
Marshall
of
Turine
against
the
Spaniards
performed
such
eminent
services
as
had
made
him
deservedly
esteemed
a
most
valerous
and
prudent
Prince
;
in
so
much
that
notwithstanding
his
Youth
he
was
made
Lieu.
Generall
of
the
French
Army
,
and
thought
so
well
worthy
that
Command
,
that
when
Turine
(
the
most
esteemed
Generall
the
French
have
for
a
long
time
had
)
lay
desperatly
sick
,
and
it
was
expected
that
he
should
breath
his
last
;
he
was
by
the
King
of
France
sent
to
,
to
desire
him
,
that
seeing
there
were
so
little
hopes
of
his
life
he
would
nominate
such
a
Generall
of
his
Army
as
he
might
judge
fit
to
succeed
him
.
To
which
Turine
answered
;
that
if
his
Majesty
would
have
his
affairs
prosper
,
he
should
make
choice
of
a
Noble
,
Valorous
,
and
fortunate
Generall
;
which
if
he
did
,
he
could
make
choice
of
no
fitter
person
then
the
thrice
Heroick
Duke
of
York
.
As
for
his
Brother
the
Duke
of
Glocester
,
he
remained
at
the
Palace
Royall
in
Paris
with
the
Queen
his
Mother
;
who
shortly
after
the
departure
of
his
Royall
Majesty
,
endeavoured
by
all
the
bonds
of
filiall
obedience
and
the
most
prevailing
Arguments
could
be
used
,
to
perswade
him
to
become
Roman
Catholick
:
(
nor
did
she
alone
)
but
the
Queen
Mother
of
France
,
and
the
prime
Nobility
of
that
Kingdome
,
attempt
the
same
:
when
the
Retorique
of
the
Court
could
not
prevail
,
the
most
eminent
for
learning
set
upon
him
with
that
depth
of
reason
,
as
long
acquired
study
and
their
own
interest
,
could
oblige
them
to
use
,
or
furnish
them
withall
:
nor
were
Arguments
and
Reasons
only
used
,
but
the
highest
temptations
this
world
could
present
,
to
a
Prince
in
adversity
;
such
were
a
Cardinals
Hatt
,
and
a
Revenue
suitable
to
his
Dignity
:
when
these
could
not
prevail
,
the
indignation
of
a
Royal
Mother
was
poured
forth
upon
him
,
which
wrought
him
the
deprivation
of
his
Tutor
,
his
Servants
,
and
all
Comforters
in
these
temptations
:
But
that
Noble
Prince
was
so
far
indowed
(
dureing
this
affliction
)
with
the
Principles
of
the
Religion
of
the
Church
of
England
,
besides
that
naturall
piety
and
constancy
,
flowing
from
his
most
religious
Father
of
blessed
Memory
,
that
by
the
depth
of
truth
and
Reason
,
he
defended
himselfe
against
these
attempts
.
After
this
he
is
committed
to
the
care
of
one
Mr
Walter
Montague
Abbot
of
Nantueil
living
at
Pontoise
,
who
keeps
him
in
very
closely
,
and
works
,
and
persists
still
in
endeavouring
to
pervert
him
,
using
the
Argument
of
Duty
and
Obedience
to
his
Mothers
Commands
,
which
she
did
enjoyn
him
to
doe
or
never
more
to
see
her
face
,
(
which
from
that
day
to
this
he
hath
not
seen
.
)
This
noble
soul
replyed
with
a
sorrowfull
heart
,
That
as
the
Queens
Majesty
was
his
Mother
,
he
ought
her
duty
;
but
as
his
Brother
was
his
King
and
Soveraign
,
he
ought
him
duty
and
Allegiance
,
which
he
could
not
dispute
.
Whilst
he
is
at
Pontoise
the
most
noble
and
religious
Lord
Hatton
,
takes
occasion
to
go
wait
upon
the
Duke
,
according
to
private
iustructions
received
from
his
Majesty
(
who
to
his
great
sorrow
had
advise
of
these
particulers
)
he
is
admitted
with
much
trouble
to
the
presence
of
the
Duke
,
who
embraces
him
as
his
Deliverer
,
and
with
some
difficulty
,
urging
the
Commands
of
his
Majesty
,
&
his
own
arguments
;
he
is
delivered
to
his
care
,
who
conducts
him
with
a
spetiall
respect
and
diligence
to
his
house
in
Paris
,
where
he
is
entertained
divers
dayes
with
all
honour
,
and
confirmed
with
all
diligence
,
by
that
Learned
Lord
,
in
his
so
well
imbued
Principles
,
untill
the
arrivall
of
the
Marquess
of
Ormond
,
who
by
the
Kings
Command
,
receivs
,
and
conducts
him
to
his
Majesties
Court.
His
Majesty
in
his
journy
towards
Germany
came
first
to
Catillon
a
Castle
belonging
to
the
Prince
of
Conde
,
whither
he
was
accompanied
by
his
Brother
the
Duke
of
York
,
and
his
Cousins
prince
Rupert
and
Edward
,
Palatines
;
here
Prince
Edward
&
the
Duke
of
York
left
them
;
the
one
going
to
Bourbon
,
the
other
returning
to
the
Army
:
(
where
he
continued
a
good
while
after
)
his
Majesty
&
Prince
Rupert
continued
for
some
few
daies
their
journy
together
,
'till
the
Prince
parted
from
him
to
go
visit
his
Brother
Frederick
at
Hidelberg
;
his
Majesty
passing
through
Cambray
and
Leige
to
the
Spaw
;
where
he
tooke
up
the
first
place
of
his
Residence
in
Germany
,
whither
his
Sister
the
Royall
Princess
of
Orange
came
to
visit
him
;
and
they
no
doubt
during
the
time
of
their
being
there
,
were
as
merry
as
two
such
afflicted
Princes
could
.
But
let
us
a
little
leave
his
Majesty
at
the
Spaw
,
and
look
into
his
Kingdomes
,
where
Cromwell
that
he
might
secure
himself
,
in
his
ill-gotten
Estate
,
endeavours
by
all
means
possible
either
to
take
away
the
lives
or
wholly
impoverish
&
disable
his
Majesties
loyall
Subjects
;
who
are
continually
charged
with
somthing
,
which
he
by
his
usurped
power
takes
hold
of
to
destroy
them
:
severall
persons
are
apprehended
and
charged
with
a
design
to
have
seized
on
the
Tower
,
and
Proclaimed
his
Majesty
King
of
those
Kingdoms
which
by
right
were
his
:
for
tryall
of
which
persons
,
a
High
Court
of
Justice
,
(
a
thing
we
now
in
England
know
very
well
)
was
erected
for
the
tryal
of
those
persons
,
Col.
John
Gerard
,
Mr.
Peter
Vowell
,
and
Sommerset
Fox
were
condemned
to
be
hanged
,
drawn
,
&
quartered
:
(
for
no
less
then
high
Treason
for-sooth
,
though
there
were
then
no
Act
in
being
making
it
Treason
to
conspire
against
the
power
then
in
being
in
England
)
but
somwhat
of
the
sentence
was
remitted
,
Col.
Gerard
was
beheaded
,
Mr
Vowell
only
Hanged
,
&
Mr.
Fox
reprived
.
I
have
alwayes
observed
that
in
all
the
tryals
made
by
those
high
Courts
of
Justice
for
plots
(
as
they
call
them
)
there
hath
still
been
some
one
person
,
who
though
brought
to
tryal
,
have
either
not
been
condemned
though
look't
upon
by
the
people
as
eminent
in
the
business
as
any
)
and
though
condemned
,
yet
have
been
reprived
;
what
others
guess
of
it
,
I
will
not
determine
,
I
know
what
I
do
.
The
truth
is
,
that
his
Majesty
had
alwaies
the
ill
fortune
to
have
such
false
servants
about
him
as
have
for
the
Lucre
of
money
either
betrayed
any
enterprize
of
his
for
the
gaining
of
his
right
,
(
the
Protector
especially
being
very
prodigal
in
such
expences
:
his
intelligence
as
most
affirm
,
standing
him
in
no
less
then
two
hundred
thousād
pound
per
annum
)
or
else
those
persons
engag'd
for
him
,
being
many
of
them
deboist
fellows
,
(
and
who
often
ran
upon
designes
uncommissioned
)
have
in
a
Tavern
both
lay'd
and
betray'd
their
own
undertakings
;
or
else
some
here
in
England
,
who
have
undertaken
in
such
businesses
,
have
either
for
fear
or
gain
betrayed
both
their
Prince
friends
and
Countrey
.
Thus
much
for
England
;
let
us
now
take
a
viwe
of
his
Majesties
affaires
in
Scotland
;
which
Kingdome
was
not
yet
wholly
conquered
,
for
the
Lords
Seaforth
,
Atholl
,
Glencarne
,
Kenmore
,
and
Glengary
,
and
severall
others
who
had
some
of
them
been
formerly
followers
of
the
noble
Marquess
of
Montrosse
,
by
Commissions
to
the
Earle
of
Glencarne
had
levied
sundry
small
parties
in
their
severall
Territories
;
which
all
joyned
,
would
have
made
up
a
considerable
Army
,
besides
the
help
which
they
expected
Middleton
should
bring
them
out
of
the
Low-Countries
they
therefore
made
all
possible
speed
to
joyn
;
but
in
their
march
the
Earl
of
Glencarne
is
set
upon
by
Col.
Morgan
,
his
party
routed
,
himselfe
hardly
escaping
.
This
defeat
of
Glancarn's
who
was
the
chief
,
though
it
discouraged
the
rest
,
yet
made
them
not
wholly
desist
;
for
they
had
yet
hopes
of
those
supplies
which
they
expected
Middleton
to
bring
out
of
the
Low-Countries
,
who
at
length
arrives
&
brings
with
him
Monroe
to
be
his
Lieu.
General
,
he
being
Commissionated
General
,
which
highly
displeased
Glancarne
,
who
had
been
the
greatest
instrument
of
his
Armies
raising
(
which
was
now
joyn'd
and
made
up
a
considerable
body
)
who
protested
that
he
would
not
raise
an
Army
for
others
to
Command
,
so
high
a
dispute
there
was
between
Glancarne
and
Monroe
;
in
somuch
that
many
affirm
,
though
som
say
the
contrary
,
that
it
came
to
a
Duell
,
in
which
Monroe
was
worsted
&
disarmed
by
Glancarne
;
however
the
dissention
still
continues
,
for
Middleton
pretended
that
he
had
not
power
to
tak
away
Monro's
Commission
which
was
given
him
by
his
Majesty
,
and
Glancarne
scorning
to
be
under
him
,
being
of
Noble
bloud
,
&
accounting
himself
as
good
a
Souldier
,
deserts
the
Army
with
five
hundred
Horse
in
his
company
,
and
goes
in
to
General
Monck
with
whom
he
makes
his
Composition
.
Yet
notwithstanding
his
desertion
(
caused
by
those
differences
amongst
them
selves
for
Superiority
,
the
only
way
to
ruine
any
designe
)
Middleton
pursues
his
businesse
and
Commission
;
and
had
made
up
a
pritty
Considerable
Number
,
when
General
Monck
engaging
him
at
Laugherry
after
a
not
dispute
totally
routed
him
,
scattered
his
party
and
had
almost
taken
himself
Prisoner
,
but
he
escaping
returned
again
into
Holland
.
Thus
his
Majesties
ill
fortune
still
attends
his
affaires
,
God
still
permiting
his
Enemies
to
taper
up
in
the
World
&
advance
themselves
,
not
that
he
in
the
want
of
us
,
but
that
we
in
the
want
of
so
Noble
a
Prince
might
be
yet
farther
Miserable
.
But
let
us
return
again
to
his
Majesty
at
the
Spaw
where
he
having
staid
a
while
,
courted
by
all
the
adjacent
Grandees
,
at
length
takes
his
journey
in
company
of
the
Princess
Royall
his
Sister
towards
Colen
,
where
being
arrived
,
they
were
recieved
with
all
possible
honour
and
demonstrations
of
joy
&
affection
,
the
great
Guns
difcharging
at
their
entrance
,
and
the
Deputies
of
the
City
coming
out
to
meet
them
in
solemn
maner
,
and
conducting
them
in
great
pomp
to
the
pallas
provided
for
them
by
the
chief
Magistrate
of
the
City
.
Shortly
after
their
Arrivall
,
the
Grandees
of
the
Place
entertain'd
his
Majesty
and
his
Royall
Sister
at
a
sumptuous
Banquet
or
Collation
,
where
they
express
in
many
ceremonious
complements
,
the
high
resentment
they
had
of
his
Majesties
condition
,
and
the
great
honour
which
he
did
them
,
in
being
pleased
to
come
and
visit
their
City
.
After
a
short
time
of
abode
here
,
his
Majesty
was
invited
by
the
Duke
of
Newburgh
to
his
pallace
at
Donzell-dorf
,
where
he
&
his
Sister
were
most
sumptuously
&
Royally
entertained
for
some
dayes
;
and
here
the
Royall
Princes
took
her
leave
of
her
Brother
his
sacred
Majesty
,
and
returned
for
Holland
,
the
King
accompanying
her
on
her
way
as
far
as
Redinguen
,
and
from
thence
returned
back
again
to
Colen
,
where
he
was
joyfully
receiv'd
.
And
now
more
of
his
Majesties
loyal
Subjects
are
put
to
wrack
in
England
by
tyrannizing
Cromwell
;
a
generall
design
must
needs
be
laid
over
all
England
,
and
perhaps
might
be
so
,
though
Cromwell
Knew
it
well
enough
before
it
was
like
to
take
any
effect
,
which
apeared
by
his
setling
the
London
Militia
in
the
hands
of
his
own
Criado's
,
his
apprehending
of
Sir
Henry
Littleton
,
Sir
John
Packington
,
and
many
other
of
the
Royall
party
;
yet
he
lets
it
still
go
on
,
that
he
might
have
the
better
colour
for
keeping
his
Scaffold
in
use
;
whilst
he
having
certain
Intelligence
of
all
proceedings
from
his
hired
Agents
,
had
care
to
prevent
them
when
they
just
came
to
the
height
,
that
he
might
then
lay
the
surer
hold
on
the
undertakers
:
so
now
,
though
he
was
sure
to
prevent
all
risings
which
might
be
near
London
,
yet
he
lets
others
in
the
Countries
more
remote
to
go
on
so
farre
,
as
they
might
only
raise
to
a
head
,
but
not
have
any
secure
place
of
strength
to
retreat
to
,
in
case
of
a
defeat
,
where
they
might
again
have
made
a
head
.
The
surprizal
of
Shrewsberry
and
Chirk
Castles
are
to
that
effect
now
prevented
.
But
a
party
in
Dorset
and
Wiltshier
made
a
body
,
consisting
most
of
Gentlemen
who
surprized
Salizbury
,
took
away
all
the
Horses
,
and
Marched
towards
Cornwall
,
where
they
expected
a
greater
force
to
rise
with
them
;
but
being
eagerly
pursued
by
Captain
Crook
with
a
party
of
Horse
,
were
overtaken
at
Southmolton
in
Devon
shire
,
and
after
a
hot
dispute
,
most
of
them
either
slain
or
taken
;
but
Sir
Joseph
Wagstaffe
,
the
chief
Commander
of
this
small
loyal
party
escaped
.
The
Captains
,
Penruddock
,
Grove
and
Jones
were
taken
,
and
afterwards
being
tri'd
by
a
Commission
of
Oyer
&
Terminer
,
were
condemned
to
death
:
Captaine
Jones
was
reprived
,
but
Grove
&
Penruddock
were
beheaded
at
Exeter
,
The
last
of
which
parted
nobly
with
his
life
,
and
died
with
a
resolution
,
worthy
of
the
cause
for
which
he
suffered
.
Many
others
likewise
were
hanged
for
his
enterprize
.
Yet
these
and
their
fellows
might
have
come
off
better
,
had
the
Countries
as
they
promised
,
risen
to
their
assistance
;
for
all
the
Countries
in
England
had
designed
(
as
they
say
)
to
rise
;
but
whether
besotted
,
dull'd
and
fearful
,
or
else
prevented
by
a
force
upon
them
,
I
cannot
tell
;
but
sure
I
am
they
fail'd
.
Yet
in
Yorkshire
there
were
two
parties
up
in
severall
places
,
but
dissipated
by
their
own
feares
;
at
Hexam
Moor
the
Gentry
in
that
shire
had
a
Rendezvouz
,
of
whom
Sir
Henry
Slingsby
was
taken
,
and
remained
prisoner
in
Hull
,
till
such
time
as
he
was
brought
up
to
London
,
where
he
suffered
death
under
pretence
of
another
design
;
as
shall
in
due
time
be
declared
.
But
now
the
Protector
findes
another
course
to
rid
himselfe
of
all
such
English
men
as
were
loyall
to
their
King
&
Countrey
.
Several
of
those
who
were
active
in
the
late
design
and
had
been
taken
,
are
out
of
the
Prisons
hurried
aboard
ships
;
and
though
they
were
free-born
English
men
,
and
many
of
them
Gentlemen
,
sent
to
be
Slaves
in
the
Forraign
Plantations
;
nor
were
they
alone
served
so
,
but
many
who
though
they
had
not
actually
stir'd
,
yet
being
by
the
Protector
known
as
persons
not
very
well
affected
to
his
Tyrannicall
Government
,
were
privately
taken
out
of
their
houses
and
shipt
away
in
like
manner
;
it
not
being
enough
for
him
when
he
had
impoverished
them
by
taking
away
their
Estates
to
look
upon
,
and
insult
on
their
misery
at
home
,
but
to
make
them
as
much
as
in
him
lay
the
scorne
and
derision
of
the
world
,
by
selling
them
to
those
Plantations
(
a
punishment
inflicted
usually
on
none
but
thieves
and
vagabonds
.
)
Yet
I
hope
those
Noble
soules
who
were
thus
dealt
withall
,
account
those
miseries
and
hardships
they
have
endured
but
little
in
respect
of
the
cause
for
which
they
suffered
them
.
But
to
return
to
our
Princes
abroad
.
The
Duke
of
Glocester
in
his
journy
from
Paris
with
the
Marquess
of
Ormond
touched
at
the
Hague
,
where
he
found
his
Sister
newly
returned
from
her
journey
with
his
Majesty
;
and
having
staid
with
her
some
time
there
,
she
accompanied
him
to
visit
their
Brother
the
King
,
again
at
Colen
,
with
whom
she
staid
till
after
the
fair
at
Frankford
,
whither
his
Majesty
accompanied
with
his
Royal
Sister
,
the
Duke
of
Glocester
,
the
Marquess
of
Ormond
,
the
Earle
of
Norwich
,
the
Lord
Newburg
,
and
several
Ladies
and
persons
of
Quality
went
in
progress
;
part
of
the
way
they
went
by
Land
,
and
the
other
part
by
water
;
being
complemented
in
all
Princes
countries
through
which
they
passed
,
by
their
chief
Ministers
of
State
,
and
saluted
with
the
great
Guns
from
their
Towns
&
Castles
,
but
particularly
being
come
into
the
Territories
of
the
Elector
of
Mentz
they
were
saluted
by
his
grand
Marshall
,
who
in
the
name
of
his
Master
the
Elector
,
invited
his
Majesty
the
Princess
Royall
&
the
Duke
of
Glocester
to
his
Court
;
but
in
regard
that
the
intent
of
their
progress
was
to
see
that
renowned
Fair
at
Franckford
which
now
drew
nigh
,
his
Majesty
sent
the
Lord
Newburgh
back
with
the
grand
Marshal
,
returning
thanks
to
the
Elector
for
his
civilities
;
but
desiring
to
be
excused
till
their
return
,
when
his
Majesty
with
his
Royal
Sister
&
Brother
would
not
Faile
to
come
,
and
give
him
thanks
in
person
,
and
so
his
Majesty
with
his
Noble
company
continued
their
journy
.
Being
arrived
at
Frankford
,
advice
was
brought
to
his
Majesty
that
the
Queen
of
Swethland
(
who
had
some
time
before
Voluntarily
surrendered
her
Kingdom
into
the
hands
of
Carolus
Gustavus
her
Kinsman
)
was
passing
that
way
in
her
intended
Journey
for
Italy
,
whereupon
his
Majesty
sent
a
Noble
Lord
to
acquaint
her
Royall
Highness
the
Queen
Christina
,
that
he
was
ready
to
wait
upon
her
at
what
place
soever
she
should
be
pleased
to
appoint
for
an
interview
;
her
Majesty
received
the
message
with
a
great
deal
of
affection
,
telling
the
Messenger
That
she
was
highly
obliged
to
his
Majesty
of
England
for
so
great
an
honour
,
and
that
if
he
pleased
,
she
would
not
fail
to
meet
him
at
Conningstein
a
village
not
far
from
Frankford
where
his
Majesty
for
the
time
resided
.
And
accordingly
there
these
two
Potentates
,
(
both
equally
deprived
of
their
Kingdomes
,
only
with
this
distinction
,
the
one
Voluntary
,
the
other
by
force
and
Tyranny
)
met
;
the
Queen
of
Sweden
being
there
,
first
attended
his
Majesty
:
&
he
being
come
,
was
immediately
admitted
in
a
room
there
purposely
provided
;
and
having
had
neer
halfe
an
hours
private
discourse
with
her
,
the
Duke
of
Glocester
was
admitted
,
and
presently
after
the
Lords
that
attended
his
Majesty
;
there
passing
between
their
two
Majesties
many
ceremonious
complements
;
&
so
after
a
little
longer
discourse
they
took
their
leaves
.
The
Princesse
Royal
being
a
little
indisposed
went
not
to
this
interview
.
His
Majesty
having
tarried
at
Franckford
as
long
as
seem'd
convenient
to
that
Royall
Company
,
in
his
departure
thence
according
to
the
promise
he
had
before
made
by
the
Lord
Newburgh
;
passed
through
the
Elector
of
Mentz
his
Country
,
resolving
to
give
him
a
visit
,
but
that
Noble
Prince
had
so
much
of
honour
in
him
that
he
met
his
Majesty
a
great
part
of
the
way
,
and
conducted
him
with
his
Royall
Company
to
a
Pallace
of
his
,
where
he
sumptuously
entertained
them
for
three
or
four
dayes
;
and
then
himself
in
person
accompanied
them
a
good
part
of
their
way
to
Colen
,
from
whence
shortly
after
his
Majesties
arrival
there
,
the
Princess
Royal
departed
for
Holland
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Protector
of
England
,
having
made
a
peace
with
the
Hollander
,
fearing
that
the
Nation
should
grow
rebellious
to
him
,
if
they
lay
free
from
wars
,
which
would
fill
their
purses
;
resolves
to
keep
them
low
,
at
a
diet
;
to
which
effect
he
begins
a
war
with
Spain
,
at
first
in
his
Western
Territories
,
but
soon
after
(
that
business
not
succeeding
)
in
his
Europaean
Quarters
,
which
made
Mazarine
with
all
hast
possible
endeavour
the
concluding
the
Leageu
Offensive
and
Defensive
with
the
Protector
,
which
being
by
him
considered
to
be
as
beneficiall
for
his
own
interest
as
for
the
French
,
was
easily
and
willingly
assented
to
;
but
the
chief
Articles
of
this
Peace
was
that
his
Majesty
,
the
Duke
of
York
and
Glocester
with
all
their
relations
and
friends
should
be
expelled
out
of
,
and
no
more
admitted
into
the
Kingdom
of
France
.
Certainly
had
the
French
King
had
but
the
least
touch
or
sense
of
honour
,
he
would
have
counted
this
the
hardest
condition
in
the
world
,
or
indeed
he
would
never
at
all
have
treated
with
the
protector
,
but
that
he
should
yeild
to
such
a
condition
,
as
to
banish
out
of
his
Kingdome
those
who
came
to
him
for
succour
and
relief
in
the
utmost
extreamity
that
ever
Princes
were
put
too
,
and
these
too
his
nearest
relations
,
being
Brothers
&
Sisters
children
:
And
this
to
make
a
league
offensive
with
him
who
had
murdered
,
their
Father
,
&
expelled
them
out
of
their
Dominions
.
What
was
this
?
but
the
owning
of
that
murder
,
and
aggravating
their
oppressions
instead
of
relieving
them
.
But
neither
honour
nor
relation
can
stand
in
competition
with
self-Interest
.
His
Maiesty
had
before
fore-saw
what
the
event
of
this
treaty
would
be
,
and
had
therefore
wisely
wihdrawn
himselfe
from
France
to
prevent
a
complemental
expulsion
.
But
the
Duke
of
York
,
who
in
regard
of
the
great
command
which
he
had
in
the
Army
,
had
staid
there
til
the
conclusion
of
the
League
,
was
now
warned
to
depart
with
al
his
retinnue
(
consisting
of
a
gallant
number
of
young
English
gentlemen
bred
up
under
his
valour
&
conduct
)
notwithstanding
those
many
great
services
which
he
had
performed
for
that
Kingdom
,
in
requitall
of
which
he
had
only
a
complemental
Apology
made
him
for
the
necessity
of
his
departure
,
and
a
small
time
respited
for
his
stay
,
during
which
he
was
visited
by
the
Duke
of
Modena
,
then
in
France
,
and
other
French
Grandees
;
but
more
espetially
by
the
Marshal
of
Turine
,
who
extreamly
loved
him
and
above
all
others
expressed
a
sorrow
for
his
dismisment
;
but
at
length
the
day
perfixed
being
come
,
his
grace
having
solemnly
taken
his
leave
of
the
King
of
France
,
the
Queen
his
Mother
,
&
the
rest
of
his
Friends
at
the
French
Court
,
he
takes
his
journey
towards
Flanders
,
accompanied
by
the
Earl
of
Yarmouth
,
&
severall
other
English
Lords
.
For
upon
the
rupture
of
the
Peace
between
Oliver
Cromwell
and
the
King
of
Spain
,
Don
John
de
Austria
,
Governour
Royall
of
the
Low
Countries
,
for
his
Catholick
Majesty
(
commiserating
our
Kings
unfortunate
Condition
,
now
that
his
Interest
might
stand
them
in
some
stead
)
had
sent
the
Count
D'
Fuensaldaigne
,
his
Embassadour
to
his
Majesty
of
Great
Britain
,
then
resident
(
as
I
said
before
)
at
Colen
,
inviting
him
into
the
Low
Countries
,
and
assuring
him
in
the
name
of
his
Catholick
Majesty
all
possible
service
and
assistance
:
which
invitation
his
Majesty
gratiously
accepted
,
and
soon
after
took
his
journey
from
Colen
towards
Flanders
,
&
being
come
to
Bruges
,
the
place
appointed
for
his
reception
,
he
was
received
with
all
honours
imaginable
,
and
conducted
to
a
Pallace
purposely
provided
for
him
,
where
he
hath
for
the
most
part
ever
since
remained
.
Hither
the
Duke
of
York
came
,
accompanied
as
aforesaid
,
having
first
in
his
way
touched
at
Brussels
,
where
he
was
magnificently
entertained
,
and
complemented
by
Don
John
,
to
whom
he
freely
proferd
his
service
in
the
Wars
,
which
was
accepted
with
a
great
deal
of
thanks
;
and
though
he
had
not
at
first
a
command
given
him
corespondent
to
that
which
he
left
in
the
French
Army
,
yet
was
his
prudence
,
courage
,
valour
,
&
conduct
in
no
less
respect
,
as
afterwards
by
the
Spaniards
esteem
of
him
appeared
.
From
thence
he
went
to
wait
on
his
Majesty
at
Bruges
,
where
he
was
received
with
an
affection
correspondent
to
the
near
Alliance
with
his
sacred
Majesty
.
Before
his
Majesties
departure
from
Colen
,
there
hapned
a
discovery
of
one
of
those
persons
,
who
under
pretence
of
waiting
upon
him
.
(
Captain
Manning
by
name
)
discovered
unto
the
Protector
all
his
Designes
and
Counsels
,
who
being
found
out
was
by
his
Majesties
Command
sent
to
a
strong
Castle
adjacent
to
Colen
,
there
to
be
kept
close
prisoner
:
But
all
the
Court
being
highly
incensed
against
him
for
his
perfidiousness
,
one
of
his
Majesties
Servants
(
though
contrary
to
order
)
pistol'd
him
as
he
was
lighting
out
of
the
Coach
at
the
Castle
gate
,
giving
him
less
then
the
due
reward
of
his
so
abominable
treachery
.
The
Duke
of
York
being
arrived
(
as
I
said
)
at
Bruges
,
was
highly
carressed
by
all
the
persons
of
quality
there
resident
;
and
his
Majesty
,
who
notwithstanding
Cromwells
earnest
endeavours
,
either
to
dispatch
,
disable
,
or
make
slaves
of
his
loyal
Subjects
,
had
nevertheless
some
true
friends
in
England
,
who
were
still
ready
to
venture
lives
and
estates
for
his
so
just
cause
)
had
got
together
a
considerable
number
of
such
English
and
Scotch
,
whose
Loyalty
had
banished
them
from
their
habitations
,
&
who
were
ready
at
all
occasions
to
assist
both
his
Majesty
and
themselves
for
the
recovery
of
his
&
their
just
rights
&
estates
;
but
the
continuall
advice
which
Cromwell
alwaies
had
from
those
treacherous
persons
which
he
maintained
about
his
Majesty
,
made
all
enterprizes
tending
to
the
regaining
of
his
Kingdoms
,
and
redeeming
of
his
subjects
liberty
ineffectuall
.
This
Army
which
his
Majesty
had
quartered
near
the
sea
side
to
be
ready
on
all
occasions
for
transport
,
was
afterwards
(
since
there
was
no
apparent
hopes
that
his
Majesty
might
make
any
successfull
use
of
them
)
imployed
in
the
service
of
the
King
of
Spain
.
For
his
Majesty
of
Spain
had
then
great
need
of
men
in
Flanders
,
the
English
Protector
having
according
to
Articles
agreed
upon
between
him
and
the
French
King
,
sent
over
sixthousand
foot
for
his
assistance
in
his
wars
against
Flanders
,
in
consideration
of
which
help
the
English
were
to
have
Dunkirk
,
which
was
agreed
on
to
be
beleaguer'd
by
the
joynt-forces
of
France
and
England
.
Whilst
in
the
mean
time
the
Protector
Cromwell
is
by
a
parcell
of
a
Parliament
,
of
which
Sir
Thomas
Withrington
was
Speaker
,
invested
with
his
power
,
and
installed
in
Westminster-Hall
,
and
now
he
conferrs
those
dignities
which
were
formerly
the
Kingly
rewards
of
loyalty
,
upon
his
copartners
and
followers
,
and
whether
in
mockery
of
that
Government
which
he
had
so
violently
endeavoured
to
abollish
,
or
out
of
perjured
intention
to
setle
it
in
himself
,
which
he
swore
not
to
endure
in
another
,
he
established
a
Pageant
House
of
Lords
;
who
though
then
made
to
rule
and
domineer
over
the
Nation
,
yet
were
formerly
most
of
them
persons
not
fit
to
be
Servants
to
some
mean
Mechanicks
.
This
was
that
Government
which
he
had
so
Solemnly
sworn
against
;
but
when
men
have
once
forgot
their
Loyalty
to
their
Soveraign
,
what
vices
will
they
not
run
into
.
But
to
return
again
to
Flanders
,
The
English
and
French
Armies
had
according
to
the
articles
concluded
on
betwixt
them
beleagure'd
Dunkirk
which
Don
Iohn
knowing
to
be
a
place
of
great
importance
,
and
an
inlet
into
Flanders
by
sea
for
English
Forces
,
used
his
utmost
endeavours
to
raise
the
sieges
;
to
which
effect
he
levied
what
Forces
he
could
,
either
by
his
own
or
his
Majesties
influence
,
and
having
made
up
a
considerable
Army
himselfe
in
person
,
accompanied
by
the
English
Dukes
of
York
&
Glocester
,
together
with
those
Forces
formerly
addicted
to
his
Majesties
Service
,
advanced
towards
the
joynt-force
of
the
French
and
English
then
beleaguring
the
Town
,
who
understanding
by
their
scouts
of
his
approach
,
left
such
Forces
in
the
leagure
as
might
secure
them
within
from
a
sally
,
and
drew
up
towards
Don
Iohn
,
who
had
encamped
near
Evernes
:
the
French
and
English
were
(
notwithstanding
those
forces
they
had
left
in
the
trenches
)
much
more
numerous
then
the
Spaniards
both
in
horse
and
foot
,
which
made
them
the
more
resolved
in
the
Encounter
;
for
though
the
others
came
to
raise
the
siege
,
yet
the
besiegers
were
the
first
Assaulters
.
The
first
brush
began
with
a
Forlorn
hope
of
English
Infantry
,
consisting
of
above
three
hundred
,
who
desperatly
charged
upon
a
party
of
the
Spanish
Foot
(
which
had
advantagiously
drawn
themselves
upon
a
rising
ground
,
and
seconded
by
Lockart's
Regiment
,
commanded
by
Lieutenant
Colonell
Fenwick
,
and
some
other
additional
supplies
of
English
Infantry
,
)
routed
not
only
them
,
but
the
other
bodies
of
Spanish
Foot
drawn
up
on
the
same
manner
.
In
this
charge
Lieutenant
Colonell
Fenwick
received
his
mortall
wound
,
&
some
other
English
Commanders
were
slain
outright
.
The
Spanish
Cavalry
seeing
their
foot
so
easily
put
to
a
rout
,
began
likewise
to
flie
,
nor
could
by
any
endeavours
be
perswaded
to
stand
;
whereupon
the
French
Horse
who
had
all
that
while
stood
still
,
and
seen
the
English
do
execution
on
the
Enemies
foot
,
with
a
full
career
pursue
their
flying
Enemies
,
of
whom
they
found
little
opposition
,
but
only
what
was
made
by
the
thrice
valiant
Duke
of
York's
Regiment
,
who
for
a
time
made
the
whole
French
Army
to
stand
,
and
saved
the
lives
of
many
of
their
flying
Friends
,
which
else
had
been
sacrificed
to
the
Enemies
fury
,
whilst
in
the
mean
time
they
dedicated
their
own
lives
or
persons
to
their
safeties
.
For
after
they
had
made
a
very
noble
&
gallant
resistance
,
over
powred
by
numbers
,
&
having
no
supplies
to
refresh
their
wearied
bodies
,
they
were
forced
to
yeild
to
their
Enemies
numbers
,
or
trust
to
the
swiftness
of
their
horses
heels
;
but
very
few
of
them
escaped
,
among
which
were
the
Dukes
of
York
&
Glocester
,
though
the
first
was
not
heard
of
till
three
daies
after
,
which
made
some
suspect
that
he
was
taken
by
the
French
Forces
but
by
Turine
after
at
a
fit
opportunity
nobly
releast
.
I
may
particularly
take
occasion
here
to
commend
the
valour
of
the
Duke
of
Yorks
own
Troop
,
who
indeed
bore
the
brunt
of
the
whole
Battell
though
I
cannot
deny
but
they
were
seconded
by
some
very
noble
Spirits
of
the
Spaniards
;
but
the
personall
Valour
of
Mr.
Henry
Bendish
son
to
Sir
Thomas
Bendish
Embassadour
for
the
English
Nation
in
Turky
(
who
had
the
ill
fortune
to
be
taken
prisoner
)
must
not
be
forgotten
.
Let
us
now
change
the
Scence
a
little
to
England
,
where
the
Protector
begins
to
die
the
Scaffold
in
as
deep
a
purple
as
the
Vest
given
him
at
his
late
installment
bore
;
&
that
not
only
with
the
Bloud
of
those
seculars
that
were
loyal
to
their
soveraign
,
but
having
as
he
thought
now
secured
to
himselfe
the
Government
,
his
hand
reaches
to
the
sacred
Clergy
,
nor
will
he
strike
at
a
reed
or
a
shrub
amongst
them
,
but
imitating
the
Ancient
fable
of
the
Jubitrian
Thunder
,
strikes
at
the
Olympus
the
Atlas
,
the
mainest
piller
and
support
of
the
Protestant
Religion
;
for
no
lesse
then
the
Reverend
Doctor
Hewet's
Bloud
will
now
satisfie
his
insatiate
Cruelty
;
a
man
whose
vertues
and
piety
as
they
were
beyond
expression
,
so
I
think
was
the
manner
of
his
death
beyond
example
.
This
Doctor
and
Sir
Henry
Slingsby
(
who
had
ever
since
the
forementioned
rising
in
Yorkshire
lain
prisoners
in
Hull
Castle
)
with
many
others
are
accused
of
a
design
to
have
seized
on
the
Tower
of
London
,
&
the
Magazine
at
Hull
both
in
one
day
,
the
one
by
a
Divine
,
the
other
by
a
Prisoner
;
but
these
persons
must
have
severall
others
to
be
their
assistants
,
and
that
espetially
in
London
,
who
while
the
Doctor
was
securing
the
Tower
,
must
fire
the
City
of
London
in
severall
places
.
Those
that
make
plots
may
as
easily
discover
them
,
and
with
as
much
ease
prevent
them
;
the
Protector
could
do
both
:
but
to
make
some
shew
of
a
great
deal
of
fear
in
the
business
;
Worthy
Alderman
Tichburn
then
Lord
Mayor
of
London
is
immediately
commanded
to
settle
the
Militia
,
the
Protector
telling
him
(
as
he
easily
might
)
that
there
was
a
grand
design
in
hand
(
probably
of
his
own
contriving
)
against
his
Government
,
that
the
Marquess
of
Ormond
had
lately
been
in
England
transacting
about
it
;
that
the
Common
Enemy
(
for
so
was
his
Sacred
Majesty
then
styled
)
lay
ready
with
a
potent
Army
,
&
ships
hired
to
transport
them
on
the
Sea
coasts
of
England
,
and
that
therefore
the
Militia
should
be
setled
in
confiding
hands
,
meaning
such
either
whose
interest
or
fear
must
render
them
faithfull
to
the
Protector
;
shortly
after
,
according
to
the
common
course
,
the
persons
to
be
accused
are
apprehended
,
the
chief
of
which
were
Dr.
Hewet
,
Mr.
John
Mordant
,
brother
to
the
Earle
of
Peterborough
,
Col.
Ashton
,
Capt.
Henry
Mallory
,
Mr.
Woodcock
,
John
Betteley
,
Edmund
Stacy
,
Henry
Fryer
,
John
Sumner
,
&
Olliver
Allen
;
who
were
all
accused
to
be
complices
of
this
grand
design
.
And
because
no
English
Law
could
take
away
these
mens
Lives
,
the
ordinary
Tyrannicall
way
of
a
high
Court
of
Justice
must
do
it
;
Sir
Henry
Slingsby
(
who
was
brought
prisoner
from
Hull
Castle
)
was
the
first
who
came
before
them
,
and
is
accused
for
having
endeavoured
to
draw
the
Governour
of
that
Caste
from
his
Alleigiance
(
excellently
good
!
)
to
the
Protector
,
and
pleading
not
guilty
,
yet
was
,
by
two
Witnesses
found
ready
,
convicted
,
and
condemned
.
Dr.
Hewet
being
come
before
them
(
according
to
the
Example
of
his
Royall
Master
King
Charles
the
first
)
refused
to
plead
or
to
own
the
jurisdiction
of
the
Court
,
for
which
contempt
(
as
they
were
pleased
to
interpret
it
)
he
had
the
same
sentence
pronounced
against
him
,
and
was
afterwards
together
with
Sir
Henry
Slingsby
executed
on
Tower
hill
.
Mr.
Mordant
brother
to
the
Earl
of
Peterborough
disavowed
likewise
the
Authority
of
the
Court
;
but
at
last
being
induced
to
plead
,
was
acquitted
,
so
was
Mr.
Woodcock
,
Mallory
,
Fryer
,
Sumner
,
&
Allen
were
sentenced
but
reprived
;
Ashton
,
Stacy
,
and
Bettely
were
hanged
,
drawn
,
and
quartered
,
in
several
places
of
London
.
And
here
we
must
not
forget
the
magnanimous
death
of
John
Betteley
,
who
having
made
a
Speech
,
clearing
his
Innocency
and
the
justness
of
his
Cause
,
undauntedly
leapt
off
the
Ladder
,
and
died
a
worthy
Sufferer
for
the
Royall
Interest
.
His
sacred
Majesty
(
during
these
strange
Murders
and
Oppressions
of
his
Subjects
in
England
,
by
a
power
which
had
usurpt
the
Regality
)
is
forced
to
sit
still
;
his
urgent
necessities
not
giving
him
leave
either
to
revenge
their
deaths
or
redeem
the
surviving
,
who
heavily
groaned
under
the
yoke
,
his
only
remedy
now
was
his
prayers
to
God
(
which
he
pursues
with
an
earnest
devotion
)
that
he
would
be
pleas'd
in
his
good
time
to
deliver
his
faithful
Subjects
from
those
miseries
and
burdens
they
then
strugl'd
under
,
and
without
doubt
God
hath
heard
,
and
will
perform
his
pious
defires
.
As
an
introduction
to
which
,
it
pleased
the
DIVINE
MAJESTY
to
take
out
of
the
world
the
grandest
opposer
of
his
Majesties
Right
:
OLIVER
CROMWELL
,
who
from
a
mean
beginning
had
raised
himself
by
force
to
be
the
arbitrary
Governour
of
these
Nations
,
who
is
by
the
Almighty
called
to
give
an
account
of
his
actions
before
the
High
Tribunall
of
Heaven
,
where
are
neither
false
witnesses
nor
interesed
Judges
,
and
that
on
the
same
day
on
which
he
had
gained
two
such
signall
victories
over
his
Majesties
forces
at
Dunbar
and
Worcester
,
viz.
on
the
third
day
of
September
.
Yet
he
thought
he
had
certainly
secured
the
Government
of
these
three
Nations
for
himself
,
and
nominates
his
son
Richard
for
his
Successour
,
a
person
,
to
speak
the
truth
,
as
not
at
all
endowed
with
his
fathers
courage
,
so
not
at
all
inclined
to
his
ambition
:
one
,
whom
if
fame
lies
not
of
him
,
could
have
willingly
been
content
to
have
surrendred
his
Protectorship
to
the
King
the
lawfull
heir
,
and
(
by
law
)
undoubted
Successour
of
his
royal
Father
.
But
those
Officers
of
the
Army
,
whose
ambition
,
(
though
not
in
so
high
a
degree
,
)
had
so
engaged
them
as
Complices
to
Oliver
Cromwell
in
his
high
late
designes
against
his
King
and
Countrey
,
had
so
great
a
load
of
guilt
upon
their
consciences
,
that
they
could
not
hear
of
,
much
less
agree
to
the
admission
of
his
Sacred
Majesty
.
Nor
was
it
indeed
only
thus
,
but
some
ambitious
spirits
there
were
,
and
particularly
Maj.
General
Lambert
,
whose
high-flown
thoughts
made
him
fancy
Idea's
in
his
brain
,
&
forc't
him
to
attempt
the
enterprising
to
make
himself
Commander
of
these
three
Nations
,
as
Oliver
(
by
his
means
)
had
done
before
,
which
designes
of
his
in
the
sequell
,
ruin'd
him
,
and
discovered
those
grand
cheats
&
abuses
which
that
par●●
had
put
upon
the
Nation
,
endeavouring
to
enslave
them
to
their
own
arbitrary
power
,
whilst
they
pretended
those
strangely
mistaken
names
of
Religion
and
Liberty
as
hereafter
will
appear
.
And
these
passages
I
shall
the
more
fully
insert
,
as
tending
so
much
to
his
Majesties
interest
here
,
and
to
the
undeceiving
of
his
good
Subjects
,
who
are
not
blinded
with
Interest
,
which
the
Usurpers
had
endeavoured
to
make
the
most
potent
men
in
the
Nation
,
i.
e.
such
as
had
the
greatest
sums
of
money
,
by
selling
such
cheap
penniworths
of
the
Kings
,
Queens
,
Bishops
,
Deans
and
Chapters
lands
,
which
together
with
the
purchases
of
the
estates
of
such
loyal
subjects
to
his
Majesty
,
as
those
in
power
were
pleased
to
stile
Delinquents
had
near
infatuated
a
good
part
of
the
Nation
.
But
to
proceed
,
let
us
now
begin
with
these
distinctions
.
'T
is
an
old
Proverb
in
English
,
When
theives
fall
out
,
then
honest
men
come
by
their
Goods
;
may
it
now
prove
as
true
as
old
,
(
which
God
be
praisd
)
we
have
some
reason
to
hope
.
Oliver
Cromwell
,
the
greate●●
,
though
most
heroick
enemy
of
his
King
&
Countrey
being
dead
,
his
son
Richard
is
proclaimed
Protector
,
and
for
some
times
seemingly
complyed
with
;
but
Lambert's
ambition
which
had
long
lain
hid
,
begins
now
to
appear
,
and
something
he
whispers
into
the
ears
of
the
Army
,
which
mixt
with
the
great
love
they
had
formerly
for
him
,
easily
creates
a
dislike
of
Richards
Government
,
which
afterward
wrought
to
such
a
height
,
that
by
a
joynt-Conspiracy
the
Protectorship
is
disjoynted
,
and
Richard
deprived
of
his
Government
,
the
taking
away
of
which
he
as
willingly
consents
to
,
as
they
are
ready
to
deprive
him
of
it
.
This
was
the
first
jarring
which
this
Generation
had
amongst
themselves
,
which
withstanding
was
composed
by
the
Protector
's
easie
consent
,
without
the
shedding
of
one
drop
of
bloud
.
But
there
yet
remained
to
his
deposers
the
greatest
task
,
since
they
were
sufficiently
sensible
that
though
they
had
pull'd
down
one
civil
Government
,
(
they
must
be
inforc't
though
never
so
unwillingly
)
to
set
up
another
.
For
they
very
well
knew
,
that
they
had
already
so
much
gul'd
the
Nation
,
that
they
could
not
but
now
be
sensible
of
their
many
abuses
;
yet
they
fly
to
their
old
pretences
of
Religion
and
Liberty
,
and
under
that
pretence
(
since
they
must
at
least
establish
the
face
of
civil
government
,
they
call
a
Parliament
again
(
Resolving
to
have
one
like
themselves
)
that
Juncto
which
was
formerly
desolved
by
Oliver
,
was
those
that
murdered
their
King
,
&
had
for
some
years
enslaved
their
Native
Countrey
,
Yet
I
cannot
tell
whether
it
were
their
inclinations
to
the
General
,
or
Lambert's
particular
perswasions
;
which
called
these
men
even
out
of
the
grave
of
infamy
to
sit
again
in
the
House
,
and
rule
as
Lords
Paramount
over
these
Nations
,
though
I
have
a
great
deal
of
reason
to
believe
it
was
the
latter
,
since
Lambert's
ambition
might
rather
prompt
him
to
begin
with
those
men
,
&
con
over
an
old
lesson
,
exeperimentally
taught
him
by
his
old
Master
Oliver
,
then
hazard
the
venture
of
a
new
one
.
But
this
Juncto
being
thus
recall'd
to
their
seats
in
the
House
,
and
the
exercise
of
their
former
Arbitrary
power
and
authority
by
their
Quondam
servants
of
the
Army
,
accept
of
the
invitation
;
and
accordingly
met
in
the
Parliament
House
,
whether
likewise
there
assemble
severall
of
those
Members
which
had
formerly
been
secluded
&
debar'd
sitting
in
1648.
These
demand
now
an
equall
right
with
the
others
,
either
to
Consult
or
Vote
;
but
as
they
had
been
formerly
violently
thrust
out
:
so
they
are
now
forcibly
kept
out
by
the
Officers
of
the
Army
.
This
causes
another
as
great
distraction
of
their
affairs
.
For
these
secluded
Members
,
doe
not
only
dispute
their
right
by
Law
and
Reason
(
which
could
nothing
prevail
with
sword-men
)
but
Sir
George
Booth
and
some
others
levy
Armes
now
more
truly
in
defence
of
Parliamentary
priviledges
then
those
raised
in
1642.
This
small
Army
raised
in
Cheshire
,
gave
Lambert
as
fair
an
opertunity
to
put
in
execution
his
ambitious
designes
,
as
possibly
could
be
;
for
he
being
sent
with
the
greatest
force
of
the
Army
against
Sir
George
,
easily
overcomes
him
,
takes
him
prisoner
,
&
retakes
those
Holds
which
he
had
possest
himself
of
,
and
so
returnes
victorous
.
This
fortunate
success
revived
his
ancient
credit
with
the
Army
,
and
now
he
begins
to
practise
the
ruin
of
those
which
he
had
so
lately
set
up
,
that
be
might
give
full
scope
to
his
own
Ambition
.
They
found
out
his
designs
,
but
yet
not
being
able
to
hinder
them
,
are
forc'd
shortly
after
to
submit
to
a
dissolution
.
Thus
was
this
Nation
hurried
into
changes
of
Government
,
and
Anarchicall
confusions
,
by
persons
who
endeavoured
only
to
promote
their
own
ends
&
self
interest
;
yet
by
these
strange
endeavours
of
their
own
,
they
only
lost
themselves
,
for
the
people
,
now
beginning
to
discover
their
juggles
,
do
as
much
detest
them
;
&
though
they
might
for
the
present
force
the
people
to
a
submission
by
sword-law
;
yet
could
no
Government
whatsoever
,
by
them
establisht
,
be
firme
or
dureable
,
since
it
must
be
settled
contrary
to
the
Genius
of
the
people
.
For
even
those
who
were
formerly
such
strong
enemies
and
opposers
of
Monarchy
and
Kingly
Government
,
undeceived
by
those
many
delusions
which
they
see
put
upon
the
Nation
(
by
those
who
pretended
so
much
to
Religion
and
Liberty
,
and
the
settling
of
a
Free
State
or
Commonwealth
,
whilst
they
intended
only
their
own
ends
)
are
now
as
much
affected
as
they
were
formerly
disaffected
with
Monarchicall
Government
,
finding
that
those
who
adventure
to
change
a
settled
Government
before
they
have
determined
of
another
in
its
stead
,
run
into
fancies
and
Chymera's
,
and
vainly
endeavour
to
build
castles
in
the
air
;
But
to
proceed
.
This
party
being
thus
divided
among
themselves
,
there
were
great
hopes
,
and
certainly
,
greater
wishes
that
that
power
wherewith
they
had
for
some
years
past
,
arbitrarily
governed
the
Nation
by
turns
,
might
at
length
come
to
a
period
,
which
by
the
eye
of
reason
was
now
in
greater
probability
then
ever
,
they
by
their
intestine
devisions
running
headlong
to
their
own
ruine
.
Fleetwood
,
Lambert
,
and
the
rest
of
the
Officers
of
the
Army
,
have
now
the
sole
Authority
,
and
having
the
longest
sword
,
make
their
wills
a
law
;
yet
somewhat
to
satisfy
the
people
,
&
to
make
at
least
the
face
of
a
civill
government
,
they
set
up
a
new
kind
of
a
thing
which
they
composed
of
themselves
,
&
some
other
choice
persons
,
which
they
call
a
Committee
of
Safety
,
and
to
these
they
give
full
Authority
over
these
Nations
,
without
ever
asking
the
peoples
consent
This
Government
is
far
more
the
scorn
and
derision
of
the
people
,
then
the
the
other
,
yet
notwithstandinding
their
spirits
are
by
constant
use
so
subjected
to
slavery
,
that
their
Asinine
backs
are
forced
to
endure
this
as
well
as
other
more
intolerable
burthens
,
they
not
daring
all
this
while
to
adventure
the
regaining
of
their
Liberties
,
nor
indeed
do
other
then
by
their
tongues
express
their
hate
and
anger
.
But
all
this
while
those
divisions
of
theirs
,
and
the
peoples
being
weary
of
them
,
and
extreamly
for
his
Majesties
interest
,
it
being
a
rule
in
Politicks
,
that
the
peoples
hatred
to
an
usurper
,
doth
alwayes
produce
their
love
to
a
lawfull
Prince
,
nor
had
they
before
,
'till
deluded
by
those
Tyrannizers
any
time
to
consider
the
Miseries
of
their
lawfull
Soveraign
,
which
now
they
begin
to
compassionate
,
&
seeing
him
the
only
person
whom
these
men
endeavour
by
all
means
possible
to
keep
down
,
hatred
to
their
Tyrannies
,
makes
the
people
naturally
desire
his
restauration
,
and
him
whom
before
they
thought
justly
expulsed
,
they
think
it
both
Justice
and
Charity
to
reinstate
,
as
much
considering
it
to
be
their
own
as
his
interest
,
experience
having
taught
them
the
difference
between
the
Government
by
one
gentle
Prince
,
and
many
Rusticks
.
Thus
far
did
these
mens
devisions
invest
his
sacred
Majesty
with
the
love
of
his
people
,
who
in
the
mean
time
lives
retiredly
at
Bruges
,
expecting
either
what
the
good
will
of
his
subjects
might
do
for
the
restoring
him
to
his
right
,
or
what
the
success
might
be
of
that
Treaty
which
was
then
(
the
grand
action
of
Europe
)
in
agitation
between
those
two
potent
Monarchs
France
and
Spain
,
from
whose
joynt-forces
he
might
expect
so
great
a
supply
as
might
have
reinstated
him
in
his
Dominions
by
force
,
a
course
most
of
all
opposite
to
his
Majesties
nature
,
who
even
in
private
things
never
attempts
any
thing
by
violence
which
he
can
obtain
by
intreaty
.
Yet
great
hopes
had
the
Royalists
both
in
England
and
aboade
,
that
this
Treaty
would
produce
some
good
effects
;
yet
it
went
on
very
slowly
,
&
after
a
great
deal
of
tediousness
,
came
to
a
cessation
,
and
from
that
to
an
interview
between
the
two
grand
Officers
of
State
,
Don
Lew
is
de
Hare
Count
de
Olivares
,
chief
favourite
to
his
Catholick
Majesty
,
and
Cardinall
Mazarine
,
chief
Minister
of
State
to
the
most
Christian
King
;
these
being
met
upon
the
Frontier
,
his
sacred
Majesty
of
great
Britain
,
was
invited
thither
by
Don
Lew
is
de
Haro
.
His
Majesty
received
this
invitation
at
Diepe
in
Normandy
,
whither
he
had
privately
withdrawen
himself
(
as
likewise
had
his
Brother
the
Duke
of
York
to
Calice
)
that
they
might
be
in
a
readiness
to
have
come
over
into
England
,
upon
any
fit
opportunity
,
they
having
received
many
invitations
from
their
friends
here
,
about
that
time
when
Sir
George
Booth
was
up
in
Cheshire
,
and
all
England
in
a
manner
gaping
for
him
.
But
Sir
George
being
(
as
I
said
before
)
overcome
,
his
Majesties
and
the
whole
Nations
hopes
fail'd
,
and
the
Phanatick
power
still
continued
Paramount
.
His
Majesty
therefore
from
Diepe
begins
his
journey
towards
the
frontiers
of
Spain
,
which
journey
he
intended
to
make
privately
,
and
being
first
come
to
Roan
,
he
was
there
nobly
entertained
and
feasted
by
Mr.
Scot
,
an
English
Merchant
,
who
accompanied
his
Majesty
to
the
Protestant
Church
,
about
three
miles
from
the
City
,
where
with
a
great
deal
of
Devotion
and
Attention
he
heard
a
Sermon
.
From
Roan
,
his
Majesty
accompanied
with
the
Marquess
of
Ormond
,
the
Lord
Digby
,
Mr.
Oneen
took
Post
,
steering
their
course
directly
for
Bayonne
(
neer
which
the
two
great
officers
of
state
were
to
meet
)
not
staying
in
any
place
,
but
endeavouring
by
all
means
possible
to
travel
undiscovered
as
was
before
resolv'd
.
Being
come
near
to
the
end
of
his
Journey
,
advice
was
sent
to
Don
Lewis
de
Haro
of
his
Majesties
approach
,
who
immediately
(
accompanied
with
a
gallant
Train
)
came
forth
to
meet
him
,
and
being
come
near
unto
him
,
Don
Lewis
alighted
from
his
horse
,
and
notwithstanding
the
place
where
they
met
was
very
durty
,
kneeling
down
he
clapt
his
hands
about
his
Majesties
Knees
,
and
with
a
great
deal
of
humility
kissed
them
.
His
Majesty
was
from
hence
conducted
with
becoming
Ceremonies
,
to
the
place
appointed
for
his
accomodation
(
Don
Lewis
riding
all
the
way
bareheaded
by
him
)
where
he
was
entertained
with
all
possible
splendor
and
gallantry
.
Many
overtures
and
propositions
there
passed
,
between
his
Majesty
and
Don
Lewis
de
Haro
touching
what
aid
and
assistance
might
be
granted
him
by
his
Catholick
Majesty
,
for
the
regaining
of
his
rights
&
Kingdoms
;
his
Majesty
endeavouring
by
all
means
possible
,
to
promote
and
further
the
present
Treaty
between
France
&
Spain
,
and
to
bring
it
to
a
happy
conclusion
,
by
the
Marriage
of
the
King
of
France
to
the
Spanish
Infanta
,
it
tending
so
much
to
his
interest
,
that
'till
the
conclusion
of
it
,
nothing
could
be
effected
by
those
Princes
which
might
any
way
promote
his
right
or
possession
.
To
all
his
desires
or
propositions
,
the
noble
Count
de
Olivares
returned
pleasing
answers
,
&
carried
himself
with
so
much
respect
towards
him
,
that
he
could
not
have
been
more
submissive
to
the
Catholick
Majesty
of
Spain
his
Master
.
His
Majesty
having
some
time
been
treated
here
,
returned
back
again
through
France
,
being
accompanyed
some
part
of
his
way
by
Don
Lewis
,
and
repassing
the
rest
privately
by
Post
as
he
had
formerly
passed
it
,
till
he
came
to
Charinton
and
Paris
,
where
his
Mother
was
,
with
whom
he
staid
some
few
dayes
(
though
he
was
not
now
Courted
and
carressed
by
the
French
Nobility
as
formerly
)
and
then
returned
to
his
residence
at
Brussels
.
His
Majesties
private
departure
from
Brussels
,
&
his
privacy
during
his
whole
journy
,
made
it
certainly
believed
,
that
both
he
&
his
Brother
the
Duke
of
York
,
who
lay
at
Callis
,
were
come
over
into
England
,
&
that
they
lay
hear
concealed
,
expecting
according
to
the
event
of
things
,
either
to
discover
or
secure
themselves
:
nay
so
certain
was
the
belief
even
those
in
power
had
of
it
,
(
who
had
not
so
good
intelligence
as
Oliver
Cromwell
)
that
many
persons
were
aprehended
for
them
,
and
particularly
one
Mr.
Colt
was
taken
for
the
Duke
of
York
,
and
kept
in
prison
for
him
,
till
such
time
as
certain
news
arrived
in
England
of
the
Dukes
return
to
Brussels
.
Several
other
persons
likewise
suffered
imprisonment
forbeing
suppos'd
tobe
like
either
his
Majesty
or
his
Brother
.
His
Majesty
living
retired
at
Brussels
,
the
continuances
of
the
differences
in
England
among
those
who
had
usurped
his
power
,
doth
still
highly
promote
his
interest
.
For
though
Lambert
had
routed
Sir
George
Booth
,
and
by
it
declared
absolutely
against
a
Free
Parliament
(
for
which
,
as
the
undoubted
right
of
the
Nation
,
Sir
George
Booth
and
his
party
took
up
Arms
)
yet
the
people
could
not
be
content
,
but
now
once
put
in
the
way
,
they
began
violently
to
hanker
after
their
long
lost
Liberty
.
Nor
could
the
turning
out
of
the
Rump
(
for
so
had
the
people
out
of
disgrace
termed
the
Juncto
which
then
sate
)
whom
they
inveterately
hated
,
any
whit
now
sweeten
them
in
their
slavery
,
but
they
continually
murmured
out
&
agravated
their
oppressions
one
to
another
,
&
though
they
came
to
no
violence
,
yet
't
is
suspected
it
was
more
out
of
the
hope
they
had
that
Generall
George
Monck
,
(
who
was
then
marching
with
his
Army
out
of
Scotland
)
should
assert
their
Liberties
,
(
which
somewhat
allayed
the
popular
fury
)
then
out
of
any
fear
or
Cowardise
.
But
in
the
mean
time
their
expectations
seem'd
utterly
to
fail
them
,
for
the
Rump
had
by
their
industry
so
inveigled
most
of
the
Army
from
Lambert
,
that
by
their
help
they
return
and
take
their
seats
in
the
House
and
dissolve
his
Committee
of
Safety
,
cōmanded
the
Souldiers
of
his
Army
to
repair
to
their
appointed
Quarters
,
&
Order
Generall
Monck
to
bring
up
his
Army
to
London
,
in
all
which
they
are
punctually
obeyed
;
Lambert's
Soulders
deserting
him
,
and
Generall
Monck
according
to
their
orders
,
marching
up
his
Army
quite
through
England
.
Yet
the
Nation
had
so
great
hopes
of
the
Noble
General
,
that
in
all
his
passage
through
England
,
he
is
courted
with
Addresses
from
the
Gentry
of
every
County
,
remonstrating
the
distractions
they
long
had
,
and
were
still
like
to
lye
under
,
and
intreating
that
he
would
be
(
as
they
hoped
hee
'd
prove
)
the
Deliverer
and
saver
of
his
Countrey
;
that
to
settle
them
in
some
way
of
Government
,
a
Parliament
might
be
called
by
the
Free
Votes
of
the
people
,
that
they
might
no
longer
be
Govern'd
by
such
Wolves
,
as
only
made
a
Prey
of
them
,
nor
their
Governours
be
subjected
to
the
awe
&
force
of
an
Exorbitant
Army
.
To
all
these
desires
he
returned
answers
,
promising
such
things
as
might
be
for
the
good
of
the
Nation
.
But
being
come
to
London
(
where
he
was
received
with
a
great
deal
of
joy
)
he
put
the
people
almost
quite
out
of
hopes
of
him
,
nay
rather
into
a
fear
,
that
in
stead
of
proving
their
deliverer
,
he
would
be
the
means
to
enslave
them
;
for
by
the
cōmandment
of
the
Rump
,
he
enters
the
City
with
his
whole
Army
,
imprisons
many
of
their
Common
Council
,
digs
up
their
Posts
,
and
breakes
down
their
Gates
,
whilst
the
stupifi'd
Citizens
,
having
now
fear
added
to
their
slavery
,
durst
hardly
murmur
at
it
,
but
with
sighs
&
nods
bid
adieu
to
their
Liberty
.
Yet
notwithstanding
this
violence
,
the
Noble
Generall
revives
their
hopes
,
&
retiring
himself
into
the
City
,
refusing
to
be
subject
to
the
Juncto's
command
,
shortly
after
he
admitts
those
Members
of
the
House
of
Commons
which
were
in
1648.
forceably
excluded
by
the
Army
,
(
for
having
given
their
Votes
that
the
Kings
Concessions
at
the
Isle
of
Wight
Treaty
,
were
sufficient
grounds
for
a
Peace
and
settlement
:
)
who
having
taken
their
places
in
the
House
,
we
had
now
got
a
step
towards
our
ancient
happiness
,
one
of
the
three
Estates
of
the
Kingdom
viz.
the
House
of
Commons
,
being
permitted
to
sit
freely
,
a
thing
not
known
to
us
in
twelve
precedent
yeares
.
God
of
heaven
of
his
mercy
to
these
Nations
,
grant
,
that
the
other
two
may
,
in
his
due
time
,
be
admitted
to
the
discharge
of
their
power
and
trust
,
that
these
Nations
once
so
famous
under
that
Government
,
may
no
longer
continue
to
be
the
scorne
and
derision
of
foraign
Countries
.
And
great
hopes
there
is
now
that
these
Kingdomes
may
again
return
to
be
happy
,
since
disloyalty
(
the
first
cause
of
their
miseries
and
distractions
)
begins
,
blessed
be
God
,
every
day
to
be
depressed
,
and
loyalty
to
flourish
,
many
of
those
who
formerly
with
a
zealous
fury
broak
their
oath
of
Allegiance
to
their
King
,
wishing
now
that
they
had
a
King
to
shew
allegiance
to
;
&
perceiving
that
al
innovations
of
Government
are
not
what
some
would
have
them
seem
to
be
,
viz.
ways
to
liberty
&
freedom
,
but
meer
baits
of
ambitious
self-minded
men
,
to
hook
in
the
people
to
slavery
.
But
to
return
to
his
Majesty
in
Flanders
;
of
whose
jtenary
life
we
have
already
given
you
a
particular
account
:
it
will
not
be
impertinent
to
say
somwhat
of
his
sedentary
&
retired
Living
,
that
by
his
Aeconomy
we
may
judge
of
his
Monarchy
,
and
of
the
Government
of
those
few
subjects
in
his
Family
,
of
that
of
his
three
Kingdoms
.
His
Majesty
hath
spent
most
of
his
time
,
wherein
he
hath
been
out
of
his
Dominions
in
Flanders
under
the
protection
of
the
Catholick
King
of
Spain
;
nor
had
he
ever
any
where
else
so
settled
a
Court
and
Habitation
,
as
here
,
where
his
chief
Attendants
are
the
Lord
Chancellour
Hide
,
the
Marquess
of
Ormond
,
the
Earl
of
Norwich
,
the
Lord
Wentworth
,
the
Lord
Digby
,
and
many
other
Nobles
and
Gentlemen
,
whose
loyalty
to
his
sacred
Majesty
&
his
Royall
Father
hath
made
exiles
to
their
Country
;
a
particular
number
of
which
he
makes
use
of
for
his
Councill
,
doing
nothing
without
serious
&
mature
advice
;
and
yet
being
of
so
sagatious
a
judgement
,
that
whatever
he
sayes
is
seldome
contradicted
by
the
most
Judicious
of
his
Councellours
,
not
out
of
fear
or
flattery
,
but
out
of
a
reall
assent
to
,
and
concurrence
with
his
judgement
.
And
indeed
those
great
opportunities
which
he
hath
had
,
by
his
so
long
being
abroad
,
of
diving
into
the
great
Councels
of
Forraign
Princes
and
States
,
must
necessarily
make
him
a
person
of
a
very
perspicuous
understanding
,
endow
him
with
all
those
qualities
which
may
deservedly
attain
the
name
of
Great
,
and
render
him
as
well
an
able
Statist
,
as
a
King
;
he
having
during
his
expulsion
travelled
through
&
lived
in
the
Countries
of
three
the
most
potent
Princes
in
Christendome
,
viz.
the
Emperour
's
of
Germany
,
and
the
Kings
of
Spain
and
France
;
and
so
to
the
Germain
resolution
added
the
Spaniards
prudence
,
and
the
Frenchmans
expedition
.
To
these
extraordinary
helps
which
never
a
Prince
in
Christendome
can
boast
of
,
we
may
yet
add
,
those
more
then
ordinary
gifts
,
wherewith
nature
hath
been
pleased
to
endow
him
,
which
being
so
extreamly
improved
,
we
can
hardly
now
discern
;
but
that
it
may
be
known
what
they
were
,
take
the
character
of
an
Honourable
Lord
upon
his
death
Bed
,
who
speaking
of
him
when
about
fiteen
or
sixteen
Years
of
Age
,
hath
these
words
:
Truly
I
never
saw
greater
hopes
of
vertue
in
any
young
Person
then
in
him
:
Great
Judgement
,
great
understanding
,
strong
apprehension
,
much
of
honour
in
his
nature
,
&
a
very
perfect
Englishman
in
his
inclinations
.
So
that
both
nature
&
industry
have
seemed
to
use
their
utmost
endeavours
to
make
him
a
perfect
Prince
,
his
very
affliction
turning
in
this
to
his
benefit
,
and
making
him
in
knowledge
and
sufferings
(
the
Refiner
of
knowledge
)
unparalleld
.
Some
forreign
Princes
as
well
envying
,
as
pitying
his
expulsion
.
This
perfect
knowledge
of
his
he
hath
indeed
had
but
small
occasion
to
practise
,
except
a
little
in
Scotland
:
where
,
I
think
,
he
demonstrated
himself
a
person
so
prudent
and
careful
in
his
affairs
,
that
is
beyond
my
Pen's
expression
.
His
Subjects
good
was
his
only
care
;
nor
did
he
ever
act
any
thing
but
what
might
tend
more
to
theirs
then
his
own
interest
;
still
consulting
whether
it
might
benefit
them
,
not
himself
.
His
Letter
to
Col.
Mackworth
Governour
of
Shrewsbury
sufficiently
demonstrates
his
affection
to
his
very
Enemies
;
he
would
win
,
not
Conquer
the
Hearts
of
those
who
though
they
have
broke
their
Allegiance
to
him
,
yet
he
would
esteem
still
his
subjects
.
He
would
not
conquer
with
bloud
,
lest
he
should
be
thought
a
Tyrant
.
He
endeavours
by
fair
means
to
attain
the
love
of
his
Subjects
,
that
(
what
ever
his
very
enemies
think
of
him
)
he
may
approve
himself
to
be
a
just
Prince
.
And
did
Fortune
give
him
power
,
yet
would
he
rather
attempt
Curtesie
then
Force
.
He
knows
that
whilst
he
kills
a
Subject
he
weakens
his
Kingdom
.
Rebels
themselves
may
be
found
usefull
;
and
though
justice
cannot
,
yet
his
Majesties
Clemency
will
admit
their
pardon
;
but
if
they
resist
to
the
utmost
,
their
bloud
is
on
their
own
heads
,
what
man
is
not
willing
to
destroy
him
,
who
he
knows
would
be
his
murderer
.
This
is
his
justice
and
his
Clemency
mixt
together
;
he
would
not
Kill
,
where
he
might
with
safety
save
.
Nor
does
his
unspotted
innocency
raise
fancies
or
fears
in
him
.
As
he
is
guilty
of
nothing
,
so
ther
's
nothing
he
fears
.
Whilst
he
endeavours
to
be
true
to
his
subjects
,
those
endeavours
force
a
belief
in
him
,
that
his
subjects
will
be
true
to
him
.
His
very
nature
enclins
him
to
a
compassion
.
He
pitties
those
that
will
not
pitty
themselves
;
and
whilst
they
are
conspiring
his
destruction
,
his
prayers
procure
their
safety
.
Nor
can
the
utmost
of
their
injuries
provoke
him
to
a
retaliation
.
He
hath
learned
not
only
of
God
,
but
of
the
King
his
father
,
to
forgive
his
Enemies
.
Nor
is
it
his
desire
to
obtain
his
Kingdomes
that
makes
him
willing
to
forgive
his
Enemies
,
but
his
desire
to
forgive
his
Enemies
that
makes
him
willing
to
obtain
his
Kingdomes
:
he
counts
the
possession
of
his
Royalties
but
as
a
transitory
dignity
,
the
pardon
of
his
Enemies
a
Divine
and
lasting
one
.
Neither
is
his
piety
less
then
his
Justice
,
they
are
both
in
the
Superlative
degree
,
he
hates
wickedness
,
not
because
the
world
should
see
him
glory
(
that
would
make
him
an
Hipocrite
)
but
because
God
abhors
it
;
't
is
Love
not
Fear
makes
him
Religious
,
he
Fears
God
,
only
because
he
Loves
him
.
He
hates
not
the
Vicious
,
but
abominates
their
Vices
,
his
hatred
extends
not
to
persons
,
but
to
things
;
He
dislikes
not
the
Swearer
,
't
is
the
Oaths
he
abhors
,
he
hates
not
the
Drunkard
but
his
Drunkennesse
.
Yet
does
his
mercy
extend
beyond
their
sins
,
as
he
is
a
King
so
he
is
a
God
,
he
is
gratious
to
pardon
,
as
well
as
just
to
punnish
;
nor
can
a
remission
or
reformation
but
over
take
his
remission
.
His
constant
service
of
God
excites
others
to
live
by
his
example
,
he
sleeps
not
without
invoking
the
blessing
of
the
Almighty
,
nor
does
his
Eyes
open
without
a
returned
thanks
,
he
knows
't
is
God
alone
which
can
restore
&
protect
him
:
nor
can
the
wickednesse
of
Man
preval
against
him
.
Nor
does
his
publick
devotion
shew
him
lesse
Zealous
then
his
private
,
the
one
demonstrates
him
full
of
Zeal
,
the
other
void
of
Hypocrisie
;
he
would
have
others
holy
as
well
as
himself
;
he
knows
that
saying
concerns
him
,
being
a
King
,
above
all
private
Men
,
Non
nobis
solis
nati
sumus
.
Private
persons
are
not
alone
born
for
themselves
,
much
lesse
Kings
,
the
publick
concern
is
their
duty
:
't
is
not
enough
for
the
Master
of
the
house
that
he
be
Godly
whilst
his
family
is
wicked
.
There
must
be
Precept
as
well
as
Example
:
and
if
need
be
,
correction
as
well
as
instruction
.
This
makes
his
Majesty
deservedly
famous
;
he
counts
it
as
great
a
fault
to
suffer
a
sin
in
another
whilst
he
hath
power
to
correct
it
,
as
to
commit
it
himself
,
he
knows
that
what
crime
soever
a
Magistrate
suffers
willingly
to
be
committed
,
he
brings
upon
his
own
head
.
He
is
therefore
above
all
things
careful
not
to
father
vice
,
least
he
should
be
accounted
vitious
:
he
detests
that
in
another
which
did
he
commit
,
he
knows
he
might
justly
detest
himselfe
for
;
and
endeavours
by
Example
to
reform
that
in
others
which
he
knows
were
it
in
him
,
would
seem
odious
to
him
.
He
abhors
vice
,
as
well
because
it
is
so
,
as
because
God
abhors
it
:
His
nature
inclines
him
to
vertue
,
and
as
he
cannot
admit
its
contrary
in
himself
,
so
he
cannot
indure
it
in
another
.
His
constancy
in
Religon
is
no
lesse
conspicuous
then
his
piety
.
His
discerning
judgement
knows
what
is
truth
,
and
that
truth
is
followed
by
his
settled
will
;
Yet
he
hates
not
the
Popish
Religion
,
but
their
Idolatry
;
he
abhors
not
them
,
but
their
false
worship
:
He
loves
all
that
knows
Christ
at
all
,
but
wishes
that
they
all
might
know
him
more
.
His
steadfastnesse
in
Religion
proceeds
not
from
self-interest
;
he
sticks
not
so
much
to
be
true
to
Protestants
,
because
he
knows
the
English
to
be
addicted
to
that
Religion
;
nor
because
he
thinks
it
for
his
benefit
;
&
because
he
imagines
that
it
would
prove
very
difficill
to
obtain
his
Crown
&
leave
it
.
But
because
he
knows
it
to
be
true
.
He
knows
the
Prince
is
born
for
the
people
,
as
well
as
the
people
for
the
Prince
.
He
knows
their
interests
to
be
interwoven
.
He
knows
that
without
them
he
cannot
stand
;
yet
will
he
sooner
loose
them
then
relinquish
verity
.
He
is
the
perfect
pattern
of
Piety
,
but
more
of
Patience
,
his
Afflictions
have
not
made
him
repine
,
he
knows
God
to
be
just
:
he
believes
that
as
God
restored
Job
twofold
,
so
will
he
likewise
restore
him
his
Kingdomes
.
Yet
he
thinkes
it
just
in
God
to
suffer
them
to
be
detained
from
him
.
He
Laments
more
his
Subjects
slavery
then
his
own
Exile
,
he
grievs
that
they
have
been
so
long
blind
,
yet
rejoyses
for
their
sakes
that
they
have
now
a
Glimmering
;
he
constantly
prayes
for
the
restoring
of
their
sight
,
not
so
much
because
they
should
restore
his
,
as
their
own
Rights
and
Priviledges
.
He
is
inwardly
troubled
and
perplexed
at
the
many
Schisms
,
Sects
,
&
Heresies
that
are
raised
in
the
Church
of
England
,
he
is
sory
that
their
rise
is
from
some
mens
envy
towards
him
;
he
pitties
,
and
his
pitty
produces
his
prayers
for
them
.
He
is
willing
that
though
they
will
not
obey
him
,
yet
that
they
may
serve
God
.
He
was
never
heard
to
curse
his
Enemies
,
many
times
to
pray
for
them
,
and
desire
God
to
forgive
even
his
Fathers
Murtherers
;
his
good
will
surpasses
their
cruelty
:
And
whilst
they
are
conspiring
his
Destruction
,
he
is
praying
for
their
Salvation
.
He
is
a
perfect
Enemy
to
all
Debauchednesse
,
he
is
sorry
those
who
pretend
themselves
his
friends
in
England
are
so
great
a
scandal
to
him
:
He
wishes
that
they
would
so
carry
themselves
,
that
he
might
adventure
to
own
them
as
Friends
;
for
he
understands
not
the
good
will
of
those
who
drink
his
Health
for
the
liquors
sake
,
nor
wishes
for
their
helpe
who
over
their
Sack
only
swear
they
will
fight
for
him
.
He
is
noe
greater
a
hater
of
vice
then
a
cherisher
of
vertuous
Actions
,
he
loves
them
in
his
very
Enemies
,
&
often
grieves
when
he
findes
occasion
to
think
that
many
of
them
will
rise
up
in
judgement
against
his
most
pretended
Friends
,
He
is
most
exactly
just
in
all
his
Commands
and
faithfull
in
performance
of
all
his
promises
Take
the
Character
given
him
by
the
dying
Marquess
of
Montrose
.
For
his
Majesty
now
living
(
saith
he
)
Never
people
I
believe
may
be
more
happy
in
a
King
,
his
Commands
to
me
were
most
just
,
in
nothing
that
he
promiseth
will
he
fail
:
He
deals
justly
with
all
men
&c.
So
punctuall
is
he
,
that
when
a
word
is
once
gon
out
of
his
Mouth
he
will
rather
suffer
by
it
then
break
it
.
To
conclude
,
he
is
the
pattern
of
Patience
and
Piety
,
the
most
Righteous
and
Justest
of
Kings
.
The
most
knowing
&
experienced
of
Princes
.
The
Holiest
and
the
best
of
Men.
The
severest
punisher
of
Vice
.
The
strictest
rewarder
of
Virtue
.
The
constantest
preserver
of
Religion
.
And
the
truest
lover
of
his
Subjects
.
This
is
a
short
Character
of
his
illustrious
Majesty
,
which
I
feare
those
that
know
him
will
rather
think
to
come
short
of
then
reach
his
due
praise
,
so
sweetly
vertuous
is
he
in
all
his
Carriages
,
so
affable
in
his
discourse
,
so
void
of
passion
&
anger
,
that
he
was
never
yet
heard
or
seen
in
Choller
,
the
utmost
extent
of
any
passion
that
ever
was
discerned
in
him
,
being
towards
one
of
his
Meniall
Servants
,
who
justifying
himselfe
in
what
he
had
done
amisse
,
his
Majesty
with
some
motion
told
him
that
he
was
an
insolent
fellow
.
Yet
this
is
that
Prince
whose
vertues
we
have
given
leave
to
Forraign
Nations
to
admire
,
whilst
we
our selves
have
rested
as
well
ignorant
of
his
deserts
,
as
destitute
of
our
own
Liberty
,
whilst
either
infatuated
or
blinded
by
those
who
have
Tyrannically
usurp'd
Governments
over
us
,
we
have
been
contented
to
sit
still
&
see
him
Expulsed
and
exil'd
from
his
due
Rights
&
Royalties
,
and
our selves
from
our
Freedom
&
Priviledges
.
Nor
hath
God
alone
been
merciful
to
us
in
endowing
his
sacred
Majesty
with
such
Heroick
Vertues
,
but
he
hath
given
us
a
stock
of
Noble
Princes
,
who
seem
to
Emulate
Virtues
in
one
another
,
and
growe
up
like
Royal
Oaks
to
maintain
the
Honour
and
Glory
of
this
Nation
,
but
are
yet
and
have
a
long
time
been
the
disgrace
of
it
,
all
the
Nations
in
Europe
laughing
at
the
English
folly
,
who
slight
that
happinesse
which
they
might
enjoy
.
As
for
the
illustrious
Duke
of
York
his
Fame
is
spread
so
far
over
the
World
,
that
my selfe
have
heard
the
very
Turks
commend
and
applaud
his
Vallour
which
was
so
esteemed
among
the
French
,
that
before
he
arrived
at
twenty
one
years
of
Age
,
he
was
by
that
King
thought
worthy
the
Command
of
Liu.
General
of
his
Armies
,
which
he
managed
with
such
care
&
prudence
,
that
seldom
any
affairs
he
took
in
hand
,
produced
not
its
desired
successe
;
&
since
,
his
being
in
requital
of
his
services
,
complemented
out
of
that
Kingdome
of
France
,
though
he
hath
not
had
such
eminent
commands
confer'd
on
him
by
the
Spaniard
,
yet
have
they
alwaies
thought
him
worthy
the
highest
imployment
and
respect
.
As
for
the
Duke
of
Glocester
,
he
is
esteemed
by
most
to
be
fitter
for
a
Councellour
then
a
Souldier
:
His
Carriage
is
grave
,
&
somwhat
severe
;
of
a
Sagace
Genious
and
understanding
,
and
very
much
prying
into
State
Affairs
,
which
have
made
most
judge
him
the
fitter
for
a
Councill
board
.
These
three
Princes
,
are
like
three
Diamonds
or
Pearls
which
we
have
ignorantly
cast
away
,
&
not
come
to
know
the
worth
of
them
till
we
come
to
want
them
,
Their
vertues
having
made
them
resplendent
throughout
all
the
World
,
and
rendred
them
,
if
we
justly
consider
it
,
the
only
means
whereby
we
can
attain
to
happiness
;
for
what
Nation
can
be
more
blessed
then
that
which
hath
for
her
Prince
a
just
King
to
Govern
,
a
Valiant
Duke
to
Defend
,
and
a
Wise
Counsellour
to
Advise
.
May
the
God
of
Heaven
then
open
our
Eyes
and
let
us
at
length
see
our
Errour
,
and
heartily
repent
of
it
,
by
calling
our
Native
Soveraign
to
the
possession
of
his
due
Rights
,
which
the
Divine
Majesty
(
I
hope
)
will
be
Gratiously
pleased
to
Grant
.
Thus
far
the
History
.
March
1660.