1.
That
the
Inclosure
of
Catthorp
is
lawful
,
appeareth
because
it
doth
no
injury
to
any
:
that
it
doth
no
injury
appeareth
,
because
it
is
profitable
to
all
concerned
therein
:
Now
there
are
four
sorts
of
men
besides
our selves
to
be
considered
,
1.
The
Minister
.
2.
The
Poor
.
3.
The
Cottages
.
4.
The
Tenants
.
That
it
is
profitable
to
our selves
,
I
think
few
will
deny
;
else
what
mean
those
outcries
against
us
,
that
filthy
●ere
is
our
end
;
or
if
it
be
not
,
volenti
non
fit
injuria
,
we
are
●illing
to
suffer
that
wrong
.
That
it
is
profitable
to
all
others
concerned
as
well
as
our selves
,
appeareth
by
considering
them
apart
.
1.
It
is
profitable
to
the
Minister
;
because
his
living
,
never
worth
above
60
l.
per
annum
,
and
sometimes
in
bad
years
but
40.
or
50
l.
will
be
made
worth
80
l.
per
annum
,
we
having
covenanted
constantly
to
pay
unto
him
and
his
successors
for
ever
,
in
lieu
of
his
tithes
about
54
l.
per
annum
,
the
Gl●be
at
15
s
.
by
the
acre
will
make
up
the
rest
;
besides
he
himself
hath
consented
to
it
,
and
therefore
it
probable
would
not
injure
himself
.
2.
The
poor
,
now
having
no
part
of
the
Fields
nor
Commons
belonging
to
their
houses
,
will
hereby
gain
14.
acres
of
Land
,
which
we
have
freely
given
unto
them
to
be
setled
upon
Feoffees
in
trust
for
the
use
of
the
poor
of
Catthorp
for
ever
,
by
the
same
Law
that
our
own
Lands
are
setled
upon
our selves
,
so
that
none
can
ever
deprive
them
of
it
.
3.
It
will
be
advantagious
to
the
Cottagers
whose
Commons
being
now
worth
communibus
annis
,
but
8.
or
9
s
.
per
annum
,
will
be
made
worth
35
s
.
per
annum
at
the
least
.
4.
The
advantage
of
the
Tenants
I
confesse
will
be
according
to
the
dealing
of
the
Landlord
with
them
;
That
we
will
not
deal
kindly
with
them
,
none
have
reason
to
prejudge
;
or
if
any
of
us
should
rack
our
Rents
in
inclosure
,
it
is
not
the
fault
of
the
inclosure
,
but
the
inclosers
,
and
that
not
as
inclosers
,
but
as
unmercifull
Landlords
:
have
we
not
the
same
power
to
do
the
like
in
common
fields
,
if
the
Lord
do
not
give
us
more
merciful
hearts
?
I
hope
we
shall
stop
the
mouthes
of
all
gainsayers
in
this
particular
.
Sure
I
am
they
will
be
great
gainers
,
although
they
should
pay
a
double
Rent
,
if
that
be
true
,
which
the
Petitioners
to
the
Parliament
against
Inclosure
did
affirm
,
viz.
That
men
by
Inclosure
do
make
a
treble
advantage
of
their
Lands
,
absurdly
alledging
that
as
an
argument
against
it
,
which
in
sound
judgement
is
a
good
argument
for
it
.
Object
.
The
allowance
to
the
Poor
will
not
be
sufficient
for
their
maintenance
.
Answ
.
We
are
bound
by
the
Law
to
provide
for
the
impotent
poor
(
if
this
be
not
sufficient
)
as
much
as
in
common
fields
,
the
Law
injoyns
us
to
provide
for
their
being
,
this
we
adde
in
charity
for
their
better
being
;
except
the
ancient
Cottages
which
have
land
laid
out
in
lieu
of
their
Commons
,
there
are
only
four
erected
Cottages
in
the
Town
,
and
for
present
there
are
not
above
twelve
persons
,
men
,
women
and
children
,
that
do
,
or
at
least
can
pretend
to
poverty
:
the
14.
Acres
given
to
the
poor
,
will
be
worth
in
time
14
l.
per
annum
,
which
will
amount
to
five
pence
by
the
week
to
every
poor
inhabitant
,
which
will
be
a
good
help
to
them
:
sure
I
am
,
young
people
are
very
eager
to
marry
into
our
Town
,
being
incouraged
by
that
large
provision
we
have
made
for
the
poor
.
Object
.
It
will
wrong
the
Poor
,
because
they
will
want
work
when
the
Town
is
Inclosed
.
Answ
.
Except
two
or
three
old
men
,
who
are
unable
to
work
,
whose
sons
are
Tradesmen
,
as
also
the
rest
of
the
Cottages
,
there
are
only
three
day-labourers
in
the
Town
;
Is
it
probable
that
the
cutting
of
hedges
,
threshing
of
corn
,
and
keeping
of
grounds
as
shepherds
,
should
not
finde
them
as
much
work
as
they
had
before
?
Credat
Judaeus
Apella
,
non
ego
.
Answ
.
2.
Many
poor
are
maintained
in
working
about
Wool
and
Cloth
in
this
Nation
,
especially
in
those
parts
which
are
generally
inclosed
,
and
these
kept
in
constant
work
;
whereas
in
the
common
fields
divers
poor
men
in
the
winter
have
not
three
daies
work
in
the
week
to
maintain
their
family
:
I
have
heard
a
godly
man
an
experimentall
Clothier
affirm
,
that
if
there
was
an
effectual
course
taken
,
that
no
Wool
might
be
transported
beyond
sea
,
no
poor
man
or
woman
in
England
,
that
is
●illing
to
work
,
could
lack
work
.
Answ
.
3.
Have
not
the
Lawes
of
the
Land
sufficiently
provided
,
that
none
shall
want
work
?
if
any
in
Catthorp
should
want
work
,
may
they
not
be
relieved
upon
their
own
complaint
to
the
next
Justice
of
Peace
?
To
what
end
were
the
Laws
made
if
not
to
be
executed
?
Object
.
It
will
depopulate
,
Inclosure
being
usually
attended
with
plucking
down
of
houses
,
and
destroying
of
Towns
.
Answ
.
As
there
are
many
depopulations
in
Inclosure
,
so
there
are
many
Inclosures
without
depopulation
,
as
in
particular
,
Market
Bosworth
,
Coten
,
Carlton
,
Shenton
,
all
in
one
parish
:
Nelson
,
Cadsby
,
Upton
,
Bilson
,
Stapleton
,
Twicross
,
Barton
,
Higham
,
Stoke
,
Golding
,
which
Towns
are
all
near
together
:
the
like
may
be
said
of
Little
Glenn
,
Croft
,
Ashby
Magna
,
Cosford
,
Woscot
,
and
divers
others
;
in
which
places
although
they
have
been
inclosed
some
twenty
,
some
thirty
,
some
forty
,
or
fifty
years
;
there
is
neither
depopulation
nor
decay
of
houses
:
if
some
Inclosers
depopulate
,
these
things
are
vitia
personarum
non
rei
,
the
faults
of
the
persons
,
not
the
thing
;
the
offences
of
some
Inclosers
,
not
inclosure
.
Are
depopulation
and
inclosure
inseparable
companions
?
no
,
this
a
meer
non
sequitur
,
it
followeth
not
:
as
if
a
man
should
say
,
because
many
are
drunk
in
an
Inne
,
therefore
there
ought
to
be
no
Inne
to
entertain
travellers
:
And
this
I
am
the
more
confirmed
in
,
because
they
that
preach
and
write
and
talk
most
against
Inclosure
,
bring
not
an
argument
aganst
Inclosure
as
inclosure
,
but
against
depopulating
inclosures
,
such
and
such
inclosures
,
which
to
me
is
an
evidence
that
they
are
convinced
in
their
consciences
,
that
some
Inclosures
are
lawful
.
Answ
.
2.
When
Inclosure
doth
produce
depopulation
,
it
is
only
in
such
Towns
as
are
in
the
hands
of
one
or
few
men
,
and
not
in
such
Towns
where
there
are
severall
freeholders
of
small
Tenements
,
as
it
is
with
us
at
Catthorp
;
our
whole
continent
being
but
about
five
hundred
and
eighty
acres
,
is
now
in
the
hands
of
eight
Free-holders
,
and
five
or
six
ancient
Cottages
,
who
are
also
Free-holders
.
Answ
.
3.
We
have
covenanted
so
far
as
we
can
by
Law
to
uphold
all
our
ancient
Tenements
and
Cottages
to
be
continued
habitations
,
and
a
competent
quantity
of
Land
to
be
used
with
each
of
them
.
Reply
.
But
Covenants
will
not
binde
posterity
,
they
may
depopulate
,
although
you
do
not
.
Answ
.
We
have
done
our
utmost
to
binde
posterity
and
successors
;
if
our
acts
will
not
binde
them
,
the
defect
is
not
in
us
,
but
in
the
Lawes
of
the
Land
.
Answ
.
2.
If
after
ages
should
depopulate
,
the
fault
is
not
ours
,
who
have
declared
our
dislike
of
it
and
done
our
utmost
to
prevent
it
,
but
theirs
who
shall
be
the
actors
in
such
devastations
,
it
being
already
clearly
demonstrated
,
that
depopulation
doth
not
necessarily
follow
inclosure
.
Answ
.
3.
After
ages
might
destroy
their
habitations
in
Common-fields
,
although
it
had
not
been
inclosed
,
and
this
all
will
grant
would
not
be
our
fault
.
Mr.
Caldecot
(
who
is
only
in
a
capacity
to
depopulate
,
because
he
alone
hath
more
Tenements
than
one
)
if
he
was
of
that
minde
,
might
pluck
down
his
two
Tenements
,
which
he
now
setteth
to
Tenants
,
and
lay
his
Land
to
his
own
house
and
plow
it
himself
with
two
good
Teams
as
it
lyeth
in
Common
:
so
that
he
might
depopulate
although
he
should
not
inclose
:
our
Inclosure
then
will
prevent
depopulation
,
at
least
for
this
time
rather
then
occasion
it
.
Answ
.
4.
It
was
well
observed
by
the
Author
of
the
Answer
to
Mr.
Moores
Sermon
,
that
such
depopulations
as
accompany
Inclosure
are
usually
made
at
first
,
and
not
in
succeeding
generations
:
I
know
a
Town
which
was
depopulated
upon
the
first
inclosure
about
fifty
years
since
;
but
since
the
first
depopulation
,
not
one
house
decayed
,
but
divers
houses
increased
.
Object
.
You
will
keep
fewer
servants
,
and
so
depopulate
.
Answ
.
As
many
maid-servants
will
be
employed
as
before
,
there
are
but
about
ten
men-servants
and
shepherds
employed
by
all
the
Farmers
and
Husbandmen
in
the
Town
as
it
lyeth
in
Commons
,
and
there
will
be
six
or
seven
kept
in
Inclosure
.
It
's
confessed
,
that
it
's
probable
three
or
four
shepherd-boyes
will
be
necessitated
to
lay
aside
that
idle
imployment
:
which
in
very
many
places
proves
destructive
,
specially
to
the
souls
of
those
Lads
;
in
that
,
poor
creatures
,
they
are
brought
up
by
this
means
,
without
either
civill
or
religious
education
,
when
on
the
work-daies
they
should
be
at
school
,
and
on
the
Lords
day
at
Church
,
to
learn
the
waies
of
God
,
they
are
playing
at
nine
holes
under
a
bush
,
in
the
interim
their
cattell
make
a
prey
on
their
neighbors
corn
,
and
they
themselves
are
made
a
prey
to
Satan
,
being
so
rooted
and
riveted
into
sin
being
young
,
that
many
times
they
live
and
die
in
a
total
ignorance
of
God
and
Gospel
:
now
if
upon
the
Inclosure
such
boyes
as
these
,
be
set
to
trades
and
such
like
imployments
,
wherein
they
may
more
conveniently
frequent
Gods
Ordinances
,
and
come
to
the
saving
knowledge
of
Christ
,
will
any
call
this
depopulation
?
Answ
.
2.
Let
it
be
granted
that
our
land
and
businesse
lying
nearer
together
fewer
servants
will
be
kept
;
are
any
bound
to
keep
more
servants
then
are
needful
for
their
businesse
;
or
may
they
not
cast
how
to
do
the
same
businesse
with
least
labour
:
Frustra
fit
per
plura
quod
fieri
potest
per
pauciora
,
In
vain
that
is
done
by
more
,
which
may
be
done
by
lesse
:
Is
a
man
bound
to
keep
servants
to
pill
strawes
or
labour
in
vain
?
by
what
Law
?
if
this
principle
be
good
,
that
all
are
bound
so
to
carry
on
their
affairs
in
the
world
,
as
to
imploy
servants
,
although
to
their
own
disadvantage
;
I
dare
say
,
the
much
applauded
plough
must
be
cast
into
the
ditch
,
and
much
admired
manufacture
of
tillage
must
be
exchanged
for
digging
with
spades
and
mattocks
,
which
would
imploy
more
men
than
tillage
.
Reply
.
To
that
maxime
,
In
vain
&
e
.
an
ingenuous
friend
in
discourse
returned
this
reply
,
that
it
holds
in
naturals
,
not
in
politicks
.
Answ
.
1.
I
confesse
it
may
be
good
policy
in
such
Common-weals
,
where
are
such
a
multitude
of
people
,
that
they
cannot
otherwise
be
imployed
,
to
keep
them
in
work
,
about
that
which
is
of
little
profit
,
rather
then
they
should
be
idle
.
But
blessed
be
God
,
our
people
may
be
imployed
in
the
working
of
wooll
,
flax
,
hemp
,
woad
,
and
other
commodities
,
which
are
very
beneficial
to
the
Common-wealth
,
and
therefore
they
need
not
labour
in
vain
.
Answ
.
2.
There
is
with
us
rather
a
scarcity
than
a
superfluity
of
servants
,
their
wages
being
advanced
to
such
an
extraordinary
height
,
that
they
are
like
ere
long
to
be
masters
,
and
their
masters
servants
,
many
poor
husbandmen
being
forced
to
pay
near
as
much
to
their
servants
for
wages
as
to
their
Landlords
for
Rent
.
Object
.
It
will
decay
tillage
.
Answ
.
1.
This
is
indeed
the
most
probable
argument
against
Inclosure
,
and
that
which
I
confesse
hath
put
formerly
some
scruple
upon
my self
,
till
I
was
fully
convinced
by
experience
that
it
hath
no
weight
in
it
,
if
considered
in
the
ballance
of
judgement
:
look
upon
all
the
Inclosures
within
three
miles
round
about
Catthorp
,
Bigging
,
Browns-Over
,
Coten
,
Cosford
,
Shawell
,
Hall
field
,
Streetfield
,
Sister
,
Over
,
Moore-barn
,
Cotesbatch
,
Cotes
,
Pultney
,
Misterton
,
Starmer
,
and
the
most
of
these
Inclosures
have
been
plowed
within
thirty
years
,
and
the
rest
are
now
about
to
be
plowed
;
and
what
great
quantity
of
corn
hath
been
gained
in
them
,
no
man
in
the
Countrey
that
hath
observed
them
can
be
ignorant
,
some
or
other
of
these
being
never
without
great
store
of
corn
.
Answ
.
2.
What
is
it
that
makes
corn
so
cheap
as
it
is
this
day
,
but
the
breaking
up
of
old
Inclosures
.
I
deny
not
but
the
Lord
of
his
mercy
hath
crowned
the
earth
with
more
then
ordinary
plenty
in
the
common
fields
,
but
this
alone
could
not
make
corn
so
cheap
as
it
hath
been
these
late
years
:
that
the
plenty
of
corn
makes
it
cheap
,
I
think
it
is
undeniable
,
and
then
it
will
follow
,
that
there
is
a
double
quantity
of
corn
now
in
the
land
,
compared
with
that
which
hath
been
formerly
;
because
the
price
of
corn
hath
been
commonly
double
,
and
sometimes
treble
:
but
few
common
fields
have
now
a
double
quantity
of
corn
to
that
which
they
have
had
formerly
.
I
have
conferred
with
divers
Ministers
,
which
receive
Tithes
in
kind
,
who
do
affirm
the
premises
upon
their
certain
knowledge
to
be
true
,
and
then
it
will
follow
,
that
the
late
plenty
and
double
quantity
of
corn
is
got
in
new
broken
up
inclosed
grounds
,
whereof
there
are
now
very
many
in
all
places
.
Answ
.
3.
By
what
Law
of
God
or
man
is
every
man
bound
to
plow
his
land
at
all
times
,
whether
there
be
need
of
corn
or
no
,
although
he
can
make
more
advantage
to
himself
by
pasture
?
May
not
every
one
lawfully
put
his
commodity
to
the
best
advantage
,
provided
he
do
it
without
prejudice
to
others
?
do
not
all
tradesmen
cast
to
lay
out
their
money
upon
such
wares
,
as
will
be
most
advantagious
to
themselves
?
Have
not
Land-holders
as
much
reason
,
and
may
they
not
with
as
good
conscience
put
their
lands
to
the
best
advantage
?
but
many
will
lay
heavie
burdens
upon
others
which
themselves
will
not
touch
with
one
of
their
fingers
.
Answ
.
4.
Whensoever
there
is
the
least
want
of
corn
,
and
mens
Land
is
fit
to
bear
corn
,
men
will
plow
up
their
inclosed
land
for
their
own
profit
;
it
's
an
undeniable
maxime
,
That
every
one
by
the
light
of
nature
and
reason
will
do
that
which
makes
for
his
greatest
advantage
,
but
whensoever
corn
beareth
a
considerable
rate
,
viz.
wheat
four
or
five
shillings
,
and
barly
two
shillings
six
pence
,
men
may
make
more
profit
,
by
plowing
then
pasture
;
and
consequently
will
plow
for
their
own
advantage
:
why
else
do
men
usually
give
40
s
.
an
acre
for
tillage
,
when
no
man
can
afford
to
give
above
20
s
.
for
the
grazing
of
the
same
land
?
Answ
.
5.
Let
it
be
granted
,
as
it
is
not
proved
,
that
it
is
a
duty
incumbent
upon
all
Land-holders
at
all
times
to
keep
part
of
their
land
in
tillage
:
this
equally
bindes
all
,
as
well
in
old
as
new
Inclosures
and
common
fields
.
I
wish
that
those
that
so
zealously
impose
this
law
upon
others
would
first
practise
it
themselves
:
suppose
A.
B.
having
50
acres
in
C.
is
bound
to
plough
such
a
quantity
of
it
:
the
C.
D.
having
land
in
B.
is
bound
by
the
same
law
to
plow
as
many
acres
proportionate
to
his
land
.
Ans.
6.
If
judicious
men
shall
find
experimentally
,
that
the
Common-wealth
will
suffer
for
want
of
corn
,
if
every
man
be
left
at
liberty
to
plow
or
not
to
plow
,
why
may
it
not
be
inacted
by
a
law
,
that
every
Land-holder
,
as
well
in
inclosures
as
common
fields
shall
be
forced
to
plow
such
a
quantity
of
land
as
shall
be
thought
convenient
:
this
I
am
sure
,
would
be
more
equal
,
then
that
all
the
toyle
of
tillage
should
be
laid
upon
the
common
fields
,
(
till
their
lands
by
continual
plowing
of
more
land
then
they
are
able
to
manure
,
are
worn
quite
out
of
heart
and
made
unfit
for
any
thing
as
it
is
in
many
places
)
and
in
the
interim
the
Inclosures
go
free
.
Object
.
Prov.
11.26
.
He
that
witholdeth
corn
,
the
people
will
curse
him
(
or
Hebr
.
smite
him
through
)
but
blessing
shall
be
upon
the
head
of
him
that
selleth
it
.
Answ
.
Two
things
in
this
Scripture
to
be
considered
,
1.
What
to
withhold
corn
.
2.
What
to
curse
.
1.
To
withhold
corn
,
is
through
a
base
avarice
and
greedinesse
of
gain
,
to
hoard
corn
by
thrusting
it
up
into
the
barns
and
garners
,
and
refusing
to
sell
it
to
the
poor
in
times
of
greatest
want
,
still
expecting
that
it
will
be
dearer
;
withholding
is
then
opposed
to
selling
,
and
concerneth
not
those
that
have
none
to
sell
in
hard
times
,
this
being
a
misery
rather
then
a
sin
:
neither
is
withholding
corn
a
sin
at
all
times
,
but
only
in
times
of
scarcity
,
in
times
of
plenty
it
is
rather
a
vertue
,
there
being
no
better
friends
to
the
Common-wealth
,
then
such
who
having
ability
and
conveniency
,
do
in
times
of
plenty
reserve
their
corn
for
future
times
of
poverty
:
Had
not
Josephs
prudence
provided
granaries
in
the
seven
precedent
years
of
fulnesse
,
to
supply
the
seven
subsequent
years
of
famine
,
all
Egypt
had
perished
,
Gen.
41.
yea
all
Israel
,
Gen.
42.1
,
2.
Hence
it
is
provided
by
the
statute
Lawes
of
this
land
,
that
corn
may
be
ingrossed
and
kept
in
granaries
when
it
is
of
small
price
,
Anno.
Edw
.
6.
stat
.
14.
Anno
13.
Elizab
.
stat
.
25.
2.
To
Curse
,
is
to
wish
evill
from
God
to
our
neighbour
:
this
is
a
thing
utterly
unlawful
,
God
having
commanded
us
to
blesse
,
and
prohibited
cursing
,
Rom.
12.14
,
15.
Hereby
men
would
make
God
an
executioner
to
their
base
lusts
:
God
must
come
down
from
heaven
in
all
hast
to
revenge
their
quarrels
,
and
serve
their
malicious
humours
.
True
,
we
read
in
sacred
writ
,
of
some
of
Gods
servants
which
have
cursed
Gods
enemies
,
Psa
.
69.22
,
&c.
2
Kin
.
2.24
.
but
these
were
not
passionate
maledictions
,
but
Prophetical
predictions
of
Gods
judgement
,
not
so
much
in
their
own
cause
as
Gods
cause
,
incited
by
God
,
not
their
own
lusts
;
and
against
such
only
whom
they
know
to
be
Gods
implacable
enemies
,
Psal
.
109.15
,
17.
compared
;
and
therefore
,
although
not
to
be
rejected
,
yet
not
to
be
imitated
:
This
Scripture
therefore
is
no
encouragement
to
the
people
to
curse
even
those
that
do
sinfully
withhold
corn
,
but
is
rather
an
aggravation
of
the
sin
of
such
withholders
,
in
that
they
do
irritate
and
provoke
the
people
to
sin
against
God
by
cursing
them
.
Whether
God
will
second
the
sinful
curses
of
men
,
although
they
curse
such
as
are
sinful
,
is
a
question
to
be
considered
:
yet
I
acknowledge
it
is
the
just
reward
of
those
that
walk
irregularly
,
to
be
paid
in
their
own
coyn
,
and
irregularly
punished
by
the
reproaches
,
execrations
,
and
detestations
of
the
multitude
,
Prov.
24.24
.
I
say
just
from
the
hand
of
God
,
although
sinful
in
man
:
but
what
makes
this
against
us
?
you
will
say
it
holds
in
analogy
,
against
such
as
withhold
their
lands
from
plowing
.
Reply
,
1.
But
what
makes
this
against
Inclosure
as
Inclosure
,
seeing
many
inclosures
abound
with
corn
.
Reply
,
2.
It
is
granted
that
such
as
having
land
fit
to
plow
in
time
of
want
,
do
withhold
their
lands
from
plowing
,
are
equally
guilty
,
as
those
that
withhold
their
corn
from
selling
,
especially
if
they
do
it
upon
that
covetous
consideration
that
corn
will
be
dearer
,
when
it
is
extraordinary
dear
already
:
If
any
Inclosers
do
so
,
let
them
answer
for
themselves
;
but
as
withholding
of
corn
is
not
unlawful
at
all
times
,
but
expedient
at
some
times
,
as
in
Josephs
case
,
so
if
some
men
in
times
of
plenty
do
rese●ve
their
land
for
times
of
penury
,
that
they
may
then
plow
,
such
are
not
only
provident
husbands
for
themselves
,
but
profitable
members
of
the
republick
.
That
we
in
Catthorp
will
not
plow
when
the
Commonw●●lth
hath
need
of
Corn
,
none
have
reason
to
prejudge
:
if
therefore
any
be
so
wicked
and
malicious
(
as
I
●ear
and
hear
some
there
be
)
to
curse
us
without
cause
,
I
hope
we
shall
not
render
railing
for
railing
,
but
shall
,
1.
Pray
for
them
in
our
Saviours
words
,
(
Oh
that
we
could
do
it
with
our
Saviours
Spirit
!
)
Father
forgive
them
,
for
they
know
not
what
they
do
,
Luk
.
23.34
.
2.
Pray
for
our selves
,
that
we
may
be
delivered
from
unreasonable
men
,
2
Thess.
3.2
.
3.
Comfort
our selves
in
that
promise
of
God
,
that
the
curse
causlesse
shall
not
come
,
Prov.
26.2
.
But
let
those
bitter
bloudy
spirits
,
and
cruel
cursers
look
to
it
themselves
,
curses
being
like
arrowes
shot
upward
,
that
fall
upon
mens
own
heads
;
they
that
do
Balaams
work
may
expect
to
receive
Baalams
wages
.
Object
.
There
are
many
excellent
promises
made
to
tillage
above
other
callings
,
Prov.
28.19
.
He
that
t●lleth
his
land
shall
have
plenty
of
bread
.
Prov.
12.11
.
He
that
tilleth
his
land
shall
be
satisfied
with
bread
.
Answ
.
These
promises
are
made
to
diligence
in
that
calling
,
not
to
tillage
as
tillage
;
it
's
not
the
minde
of
Solomon
,
so
to
omnifie
tillage
as
to
vilifie
diligence
in
other
callings
,
these
promises
are
in
the
proportion
of
faith
incouragements
to
dilig●nce
in
other
callings
;
as
appeareth
by
what
followeth
,
Prov.
28.19
.
He
that
followeth
the
idle
shall
be
filled
with
poverty
.
And
Prov.
12.11
.
He
that
followeth
the
idle
,
is
destitute
of
understanding
.
Whatsoever
are
mens
stations
or
vocations
,
God
rewardeth
the
diligent
,
Prov.
10.4
.
The
hand
of
the
diligent
maketh
rich
,
but
the
slothful
hand
maketh
poor
.
Prov.
13.14
.
The
sluggard
lusteth
but
his
soul
hath
nought
,
but
the
soul
of
the
diligent
shall
be
made
fat
.
As
slothfulnesse
in
all
callings
doth
clothe
men
with
rags
,
Prov.
23.21
.
So
the
slothful
plowman
shall
want
bread
,
Prov.
20.4
.
The
slothfull
will
not
plow
because
of
the
winter
,
and
therefore
he
shall
beg
in
the
summer
and
have
nothing
.
If
a
shepherd
be
laborious
in
his
calling
,
God
will
reward
him
as
well
as
the
painful
plowman
:
the
sacrifice
of
Abel
a
keeper
of
sheep
was
accepted
,
when
the
sacrifice
of
Cain
,
a
tiller
of
the
earth
,
was
rejected
.
Jacob
was
faithfull
in
keeping
Labans
sheep
,
and
God
rewarded
him
,
Gen.
30.42
,
43.
Yea
Jacob
brought
up
his
children
in
that
calling
,
Gen.
37.2
.
A
keeper
of
sheep
was
an
abomination
to
the
Egyptians
,
Gen.
46.34
.
but
the
trade
of
the
Israelites
.
Object
.
Wo
be
to
them
which
joyn
house
to
house
,
and
field
to
field
,
till
there
be
no
place
,
that
they
may
be
placed
alone
in
the
midst
of
the
earth
,
Isa
.
5.8
.
Answ
.
The
Prophet
reproveth
the
blinde
ambition
,
and
insatiable
avarice
of
those
that
are
not
contented
with
their
own
large
possessions
,
but
per
fas
aut
nefas
,
vi
&
fraude
,
by
right
or
wrong
,
force
and
fraud
,
without
consideration
of
their
poor
neighbour
,
do
grasp
all
into
their
own
fists
;
neither
,
as
Calvin
notes
upon
the
place
,
Nec
enim
per
se
damnari
potest
si
quis
agrum
agro
&
domum
domui
conjungat
,
sed
animum
respexit
propheta
,
qui
satiari
nullo
modo
potest
,
ubi
semel
habendi
cupiditate
accenditur
,
Calv
.
in
Loc
.
is
the
joyning
of
house
to
house
and
field
to
field
simply
condemned
,
but
the
greedy
desire
of
it
:
a
man
whose
family
increaseth
,
if
the
next
house
be
empty
,
may
joyn
it
to
his
own
;
and
a
man
whose
stock
of
cattell
increaseth
,
if
the
owner
and
possessor
will
willingly
part
with
the
next
field
,
may
lawfully
joyn
it
to
his
own
:
but
that
which
is
justly
condemned
is
such
a
joyning
house
to
house
and
field
to
field
,
which
is
joyned
with
oppression
and
injury
to
others
;
till
there
be
no
place
which
is
not
their
own
,
and
none
left
to
their
poor
neighbour
;
nothing
contenteth
,
but
that
they
alone
possesse
the
earth
:
this
being
the
true
meaning
of
the
place
,
I
grant
that
this
taxeth
those
cruel
inclosers
and
caterpillars
of
the
Common-wealth
,
as
reverend
Mr.
Dod
calleth
them
,
which
set
themselves
to
unpeople
the
Land
,
by
destroying
Towns
,
and
turning
out
the
poor
:
Let
them
answer
for
themselves
,
God
will
call
such
to
an
account
:
For
my
part
I
am
so
far
from
approving
or
practising
such
sinfull
Inclosure
,
that
I
heartily
wish
that
all
the
owners
of
such
inclosures
might
be
forced
by
a
law
,
to
repeople
such
places
,
rebuild
their
houses
,
and
none
might
be
suffered
to
rent
such
Land
,
but
such
as
inhabit
those
decayed
Towns
;
but
this
is
the
fault
of
the
Inclosers
,
not
the
Inclosure
,
vitium
personae
non
rei
.
What
makes
this
against
inclosure
in
general
,
or
the
Inclosure
of
Catthorp
in
particular
?
whose
houses
have
we
destroyed
?
whose
Land
have
we
invaded
?
every
man
shall
enjoy
the
same
quantity
o
land
,
which
he
did
before
;
we
have
not
taken
away
our
neighbours
land
by
force
or
fraud
,
but
have
by
a
general
consent
of
the
Land-holders
,
exchanged
one
acre
of
Land
for
another
,
for
our
conveniency
:
we
have
not
taken
away
the
Lands
of
the
poor
and
laid
them
to
our
own
,
but
have
lessened
our
own
Lands
,
and
given
part
of
them
to
the
poor
for
ever
.
Object
.
But
God
hath
pursued
Inclosure
with
his
severe
judgements
upon
the
Inclosers
and
their
posterity
:
we
may
read
their
doom
wrote
in
text
letters
,
and
legible
characters
of
misery
,
in
that
the
Inclosers
do
seldome
keep
their
Lands
three
generations
:
and
here
again
is
alledged
,
Isa
.
5.8
,
9.
This
is
in
mine
ears
,
saith
the
Lord
of
host
,
surely
many
houses
shall
be
desolate
,
even
great
and
fair
,
without
inhabitant
.
Answ
.
1.
That
cannot
be
looked
upon
as
a
judgement
against
Inclosers
,
which
is
common
to
other
Land-holders
which
never
did
inclose
:
few
in
common
fields
do
keep
their
Lands
three
generations
,
take
Catthorp
it self
for
instance
:
Mr.
Caldecotts
Land
within
the
memory
of
some
living
,
was
sold
by
Mr.
Leigh
to
Mr.
Britton
,
and
by
Mr.
Britton
to
Mr.
Caldecot
:
Mr.
Wildes
Land
within
the
same
time
hath
been
sold
by
Mr.
Feilden
to
Mr.
Elkinton
,
whose
heirs
sold
it
to
Mr.
Wilde
:
my
own
Land
within
40
or
50
years
,
hath
been
sold
by
Pywell
to
Stanton
,
by
Stanton
to
Joseph
Smyth
,
whose
Son
in
law
sold
it
to
my
Father
.
Thomas
Bronnes
Land
within
a
little
more
then
twenty
years
,
hath
been
sold
by
Charles
Kilpacke
to
James
Staples
,
who
sold
it
to
Henry
Be
father
of
the
foresaid
Thomas
.
William
Ernesby's
Land
was
sold
by
Mr.
Feilding
to
Mr.
Elkinton
,
whose
Heir
sold
it
to
Thomas
Wood
,
father
in
law
to
the
said
William
.
Only
Edward
Smiths
Land
hath
continued
in
that
family
three
generations
.
Answ
.
2.
Sometimes
inclosers
keep
their
Land
many
generations
,
Co●es
,
Mysterton
,
and
Pultney
,
have
been
in
the
hands
of
the
Pultneys
,
and
Starmar
in
the
hands
of
the
Caves
many
hundred
year
,
two
presidents
that
cannot
be
paralleld
in
the
common
fields
.
Answ
.
3.
Concerning
those
mentioned
by
the
Prophet
Isaiah
,
whose
avarice
and
ambition
is
content
with
no
mediocrity
(
who
are
like
to
Alexander
the
Great
,
who
hearing
the
Philosopher
disputing
that
there
was
many
worlds
,
is
said
to
weep
because
he
had
not
conquered
one
)
I
say
when
men
let
loose
the
reins
to
such
unruly
lusts
,
being
never
satisfied
till
their
covetous
hands
have
taken
hold
on
other
mens
portions
,
God
justly
may
,
and
many
times
doth
blast
their
blessings
,
and
curse
their
mercies
,
Mal
.
2.2
.
plague
their
posterity
and
leave
their
houses
without
inhabitants
:
but
what
is
this
against
our
Inclosure
?
that
doth
only
improve
our
own
mercies
to
the
best
advantage
to
our selves
and
the
Common-wealth
,
without
the
least
injury
to
others
:
I
blesse
God
we
are
not
partakers
of
such
mens
sins
,
and
therefore
hope
we
shall
not
be
partners
of
their
plagues
.
Object
.
Prov.
22.28
.
Remove
not
the
ancient
Land-mark
which
thy
fathers
have
set
,
from
whence
some
infer
,
that
it
is
not
lawful
to
exchange
our
fathers
Lands
for
other
Land
.
Answ
.
The
removing
the
Land-mark
there
prohibited
,
is
when
men
by
force
or
fraud
remove
the
Land-mark
of
their
poor
neighbours
whose
Land
is
adjacent
,
and
so
take
hold
on
part
of
their
Land
as
their
own
,
without
consent
,
or
giving
any
other
Land
in
exchange
;
a
sinful
practise
,
too
common
in
the
common
fields
,
where
men
make
nothing
to
pull
up
their
neighbours
Land-mark
to
plow
up
their
Land
,
and
mow
their
Grasse
that
lyeth
next
them
:
This
is
the
intent
of
the
Holy
Ghost
,
if
we
will
give
God
leave
to
be
his
own
interpreter
.
Prov.
23.20
.
Remove
not
the
old
Land-mark
,
and
enter
not
into
the
field
of
the
fatherlesse
.
So
Deut
.
19.14
.
Thou
shalt
not
remove
thy
neighbours
Land-mark
which
they
of
old
time
have
set
.
This
sin
brings
a
curse
upon
the
actors
and
authors
of
it
,
Deut.
27.17
.
But
this
maketh
nothing
against
a
mutuall
agreement
to
exchange
one
Land
for
another
,
whereby
both
parties
are
advanced
and
neither
injured
;
this
being
a
setting
of
Land-marks
,
not
a
removing
them
:
we
do
not
remove
Land-marks
to
oppresse
one
another
,
but
set
Land-marks
to
keep
each
other
from
oppression
:
we
doubt
not
but
our
Inclosure
will
prevent
many
such
oppressions
expressed
in
the
premisses
.
Object
.
Inclosure
destroyeth
horses
which
should
serve
the
State
in
War
.
Answ
.
Few
horses
kept
in
common
fields
fit
for
service
,
one
well
kept
will
be
more
serviceable
to
the
State
then
three
that
are
jaded
and
tyred
:
besides
,
moneys
are
the
sinews
of
war
,
if
that
be
not
wanting
,
the
State
cannot
want
either
horses
or
men
:
but
the
sum
of
money
that
is
payed
in
all
taxes
out
of
Inclosures
is
double
to
that
which
is
payed
out
of
the
common
fields
of
the
same
quantity
.
Object
.
All
have
not
consented
,
one
that
hath
seven
sheeps
Commons
doth
withstand
it
,
may
you
lawfully
force
him
so
part
with
his
right
of
Common
and
accept
of
your
allowance
in
stead
thereof
against
his
will
?
may
you
make
a
hedge
in
the
Common
without
his
consent
?
doth
not
the
Prophet
Micah
pronounce
a
woe
against
such
dealing
as
this
?
Mic.
2.2
.
Woe
unto
them
that
covet
fields
and
take
them
by
violence
,
and
houses
and
take
them
away
,
so
they
oppresse
a
man
in
his
house
,
a
man
in
his
heritage
:
what
although
you
allow
h●m
a
proportion
of
land
of
more
value
then
his
Commons
are
worth
?
Is
not
this
Naboths
case
,
do
ye
not
act
Ahabs
part
to
the
life
?
1
King
21.2
.
Ahab
offered
money
,
or
a
better
vineyard
,
yet
Naboth
refusing
,
Ahab
is
condemned
.
Answ
.
1.
We
do
not
force
him
to
part
with
his
right
,
he
hath
no
land
which
he
can
mark
for
his
own
only
right
of
Common
:
and
we
have
right
of
Common
as
well
as
he
:
we
do
only
divide
our
Common
from
his
,
and
leave
him
a
large
proportion
,
himself
and
friends
have
confessed
that
it
will
be
no
personal
wrong
to
him
,
the
Land
allotted
him
being
four
times
as
good
as
his
Commons
.
We
do
not
oppresse
him
in
his
heritage
:
I
think
if
that
woe
pronounced
by
Micah
was
well
considered
,
it
might
rather
be
retorted
in
that
he
doth
threaten
by
violence
to
pluck
down
our
hedges
,
and
force
us
to
lay
aside
the
improvement
of
our
heritages
,
when
our
doing
of
it
is
confessed
to
be
no
wrong
to
him
,
and
proved
no
injury
to
others
.
Answ
.
2.
The
case
of
Naboths
Vineyard
is
far
different
from
ours
,
it
was
unlawful
for
Naboth
to
exchange
his
vineyard
with
Ahab
although
for
a
better
,
because
God
had
prohibited
the
I●raelites
to
sell
their
Land
from
their
own
Tribe
:
the
reason
rendred
,
Levit
.
25.25
.
Because
it
was
Gods
:
in
case
of
poverty
it
might
be
morgaged
,
but
not
sold
,
the
next
kinsman
must
redeem
it
,
vers
.
25.
and
although
it
was
never
redeemed
,
yet
in
the
year
of
Jubile
it
must
be
restored
,
vers
.
26.
Therefore
the
daughters
of
Zelophehad
must
marry
to
husbands
of
their
own
tribe
,
because
the
inheritance
of
the
children
of
Israel
might
not
remove
from
tribe
to
tribe
:
Naboth
was
not
of
the
same
tribe
with
Ahab
:
had
Naboth
denied
Ahab
such
a
small
courtesie
only
upon
his
own
will
,
he
had
been
a
very
unkinde
subject
;
but
his
deni●l
was
grounded
upon
Gods
will
:
besides
,
we
desire
nothing
to
be
exchanged
with
him
,
but
our
own
to
be
divided
from
his
.
Answ
.
3.
If
he
refuse
to
have
his
part
of
the
Common
separated
from
ours
,
and
resolve
to
put
himself
to
that
trouble
and
charge
,
he
may
still
intercommon
amongst
us
,
and
put
his
seven
sheep
in
any
place
,
where
he
had
right
of
Common
before
:
our
division
of
our
own
Common
from
each
other
,
will
be
no
impediment
to
him
to
use
his
Commons
as
before
the
Inclosure
,
the
Land
allotted
to
him
,
will
fully
content
any
of
us
whose
Land
he
shall
make
choise
of
.
Answ
.
4.
In
that
it
's
said
we
make
our
hedges
upon
his
Common
,
we
have
three
hundred
parts
for
his
one
,
and
consequently
set
hedges
upon
our
own
part
of
the
Common
,
not
upon
his
.
Surely
there
will
be
grasse
enough
for
seven
sheep
notwithstanding
the
hedges
in
some
of
our
grounds
.
Object
.
You
have
taken
away
the
Church
Land
,
and
given
it
to
the
poor
.
Answ
.
We
acknowledge
that
those
small
parcels
of
Land
called
Church-hadland
and
Church-layes
(
which
were
set
apart
by
common
consent
,
not
any
particular
mans
donation
,
for
repair
of
the
Church
,
or
whatsoever
other
publick
use
the
Town
appoints
)
are
part
of
that
Land
given
to
the
poor
;
they
being
our
own
,
why
may
not
we
dispose
of
them
to
what
publique
use
we
please
?
they
were
never
worth
above
20
s
.
per
annum
,
communibus
annis
,
which
money
did
formerly
bear
the
charges
of
the
rich
,
and
is
now
disposed
of
for
the
use
of
the
poor
:
Is
it
unlawful
to
give
it
from
our selves
to
others
that
have
more
need
?
Moreover
the
latter
math
of
Mr.
Elkintons
piece
,
a
thing
of
greater
value
is
to
be
imployed
to
the
same
publick
use
as
those
Lands
formerly
.
Object
.
Filthy
lucre
the
end
of
your
Inclosure
,
in
that
you
aime
at
your
own
gain
and
not
at
Gods
glory
:
It
is
also
alledged
that
my
s
lf
and
other
Ministers
have
preached
,
that
mens
actions
are
sinful
,
although
not
materially
evil
,
if
the
ends
be
not
Gods
glory
.
Answ
.
Upon
what
ground
it
's
said
filthy
lucre
is
our
end
I
know
not
,
unlesse
all
gain
be
filthy
:
true
,
such
gain
which
is
either
gotten
by
indirect
means
,
or
prosecuted
with
covetous
desires
,
the
Scripture
calleth
filthy
lucre
,
1
Tim
.
3.3
.
Tit
.
1.11
.
1
Pet
.
5.2
.
till
one
of
these
be
proved
against
us
,
what
some
affirm
to
be
filthy
lucre
,
I
shall
be
bold
to
call
honest
advantage
.
Answ
.
2.
It
's
granted
that
those
actions
which
are
in
themselves
lawful
,
may
be
to
the
doers
sinful
:
that
which
is
materially
good
,
may
be
formally
evill
,
if
the
person
be
evil
:
it
's
only
a
good
tree
that
can
bring
forth
good
fruit
;
and
a
good
man
,
that
can
do
a
good
work
,
Mat
.
7.17
,
18.
the
best
works
of
wicked
men
are
but
splendida
peccata
,
glorious
sins
,
and
that
which
is
bonum
,
good
in
it self
may
not
be
bene
factum
,
well
done
,
nor
accepted
of
God
.
And
so
also
that
which
is
materially
good
,
may
be
finally
evill
,
when
Gods
glory
is
not
made
the
end
as
well
as
Gods
will
the
rule
of
mens
actions
:
Jehu
did
that
which
was
good
,
executing
Gods
Commandement
in
destroying
the
posterity
of
Ahab
and
the
Priests
of
Baal
,
2
King
.
10.11
,
25.
These
actions
God
approved
and
rewarded
with
a
temporal
blessing
,
viz.
that
his
children
did
sit
upon
the
throne
of
Israel
,
unto
the
fourth
generation
,
vers
.
30.
but
because
Jehu
did
not
aim
at
Gods
glory
,
but
his
own
byends
and
base
designs
(
his
word
being
the
glory
of
God
,
2
King
.
10.16
.
but
his
project
being
his
Masters
Kingdome
)
therefore
we
finde
God
threatning
what
he
had
commanded
,
and
punishing
what
he
had
rewarded
.
Hos
.
1.4
.
I
will
visit
the
bloud
of
Jezreel
upon
the
house
of
Jehu
:
But
what
can
be
inferred
from
all
this
to
prove
the
Inclosure
of
Catthorp
sinful
?
rather
this
very
objection
from
the
mouthes
of
such
zealous
opposers
,
doth
to
me
confirm
the
equity
of
our
cause
and
the
lawfulnesse
of
our
actions
.
For
,
1.
Hereby
it
's
granted
,
that
our
Inclosure
is
not
sinful
in
the
matter
of
it
,
only
they
suspect
our
ends
are
not
right
.
2.
Have
they
reason
to
suspect
that
our
ends
are
not
right
?
or
we
more
reason
to
suspect
their
censures
to
be
rash
?
seeing
they
dare
usurp
Gods
prerogative
in
searching
our
hearts
,
before
they
have
detected
any
evil
in
our
actions
.
Have
we
discovered
that
our
aims
are
not
at
Gods
glory
,
as
Jehu
did
?
or
have
not
they
rather
discovered
themselves
more
censorious
then
becometh
Christians
,
by
unadvised
judgement
?
Mat
.
7.1
.
3.
Why
is
not
Gods
glory
our
end
?
forsooth
because
we
aim
at
our
own
gains
and
advancement
of
our
estates
.
Are
these
two
ends
alwaies
incompatible
?
this
a
meer
Non
sequitur
:
may
not
the
bettering
of
our
estates
be
carried
on
in
subordination
to
Gods
glory
?
if
God
inlarge
our
talents
by
his
blessing
upon
our
lawful
endevours
,
the
fault
is
in
our
corrupt
hearts
,
and
not
the
Inclosure
,
if
we
do
not
glorifie
God
so
much
the
more
.
It
is
a
very
strange
principle
and
unheard
of
paradox
,
that
nothing
can
be
done
to
Gods
glory
,
which
tends
to
mans
profit
:
Do
not
tradesmen
in
following
their
vocations
,
aime
at
their
own
advantage
,
do
none
of
them
glorifie
God
thereby
?
Doth
not
the
husbandman
in
all
his
dressing
the
earth
,
aime
at
the
harvest
?
is
not
gain
his
end
as
well
as
ours
?
If
we
do
not
glorifie
God
,
then
all
the
glory
of
tillage
will
be
defaced
,
and
the
honour
of
the
painfull
plowman
laid
in
the
dust
.
But
why
do
I
speak
of
earthly
things
,
do
not
the
Saints
in
all
their
doings
and
sufferings
for
God
,
aime
both
at
Gods
glory
and
their
own
advantage
,
viz.
the
salvation
of
their
souls
?
Did
not
Moses
in
all
his
afflictions
with
the
children
of
God
,
aime
at
his
own
advantage
,
Heb
.
11.26
.
He
that
despised
all
the
glory
that
Pharaohs
Court
could
afford
him
;
he
that
(
Pharaohs
Crown
being
set
upon
his
head
,
when
he
was
yet
a
childe
)
did
take
it
off
and
spurn
it
with
his
foot
,
as
Josephus
relateth
,
He
that
did
willingly
choose
the
sinlesse
troubles
of
oppressed
Israel
,
then
the
sin●ul
pleasu●es
of
triumphing
Egypt
:
He
by
whom
God
did
all
those
mighty
things
for
his
Israel
,
without
controversie
did
glorifie
God
:
yet
had
an
eye
also
to
the
recompence
of
reward
.
The
Inclosure
of
Catthorp
laudable
.
IT
being
proved
that
the
Inclosure
of
Catthorp
is
Lawfull
,
I
proceed
in
the
next
place
to
prove
it
Laudable
,
and
that
Gods
glory
is
the
end
as
well
as
Gods
will
the
rule
of
our
actions
.
This
will
appear
in
two
particulars
:
-
1.
It
doth
procure
good
.
-
2.
It
doth
prevent
evil
.
Now
if
these
two
be
proved
,
I
doubt
not
but
all
ingenuous
Christians
will
acknowledge
that
it
doth
glorifie
God
,
and
that
it
is
not
to
be
decryed
,
as
of
evill
report
,
but
rather
truly
laudable
as
well
as
lawfull
.
1.
That
it
produceth
bonum
utile
,
a
profitable
good
,
I
think
none
will
deny
;
and
that
this
good
is
also
bonum
verum
&
honestum
,
consistent
with
honesty
,
I
thus
prove
.
1.
Hereby
we
provide
for
our
families
,
which
is
not
a
sin
but
a
duty
,
provided
alwaies
we
do
it
by
lawful
means
,
He
that
neglecteth
this
,
the
Apostle
saith
,
is
worse
then
an
Infidel
;
and
shall
we
be
accounted
Infidels
for
doing
of
it
?
let
it
be
granted
,
that
it
is
one
end
to
encrease
our
estates
,
and
make
better
provision
for
our
families
,
that
both
we
and
ours
may
be
in
a
better
capacity
to
do
God
service
and
glorifie
him
the
more
:
all
this
is
our
duty
;
who
then
can
blame
us
?
2.
It
nourisheth
wood
which
is
much
wanting
in
their
fields
or
Countreys
:
wood
daily
destroyed
and
cut
down
;
if
none
be
planted
,
how
will
after
ages
be
provided
?
3.
All
the
arable
ground
in
the
fallow-field
,
which
is
of
no
profit
in
the
common
field
,
will
be
gained
and
profit
made
of
it
:
in
Inclosure
the
land
being
once
soarded
,
the
husbandman
needs
keep
no
fallow
at
all
,
and
yet
have
more
corn
upon
one
acre
of
new
broken
up
land
,
then
upon
three
acres
in
the
common
field
.
I
lately
plowed
up
three
acres
of
old
Inclosure
in
Cottesbatch
,
and
gained
sixteen
quarters
of
barley
,
when
my
Tenant
had
not
so
much
of
two
yard
land
and
three
quarters
in
Catthorp
the
same
year
:
the
next
year
I
sowed
the
same
Land
with
wheat
and
gained
thirty
five
thraves
,
whereas
my
Tenant
hath
seldome
had
half
so
much
winter-corn
upon
all
my
Land
in
Catthorp
:
so
that
if
he
continue
but
five
acres
in
tillage
,
plowing
sometimes
one
part
of
the
Land
,
and
at
other
times
another
part
,
he
will
have
more
white
corn
then
he
had
before
the
Inclosure
,
and
the
rest
of
the
arable
Land
will
be
gained
.
4.
The
arable
Land
in
the
pease-field
may
be
improved
to
greater
advantage
,
the
pease
for
the
most
part
being
all
spent
in
seed
and
keeping
of
horses
,
and
seldome
any
profit
made
of
them
.
5.
In
Inclosure
men
may
plow
their
Land
with
oxen
,
which
(
the
harvest
being
inned
)
they
may
feed
in
the
latter
months
and
so
sell
them
,
and
the
next
year
buy
others
in
their
room
,
which
will
be
far
more
profitable
then
horse
,
which
in
the
common
fields
are
for
the
most
part
so
jaded
and
tyred
with
continual
labour
,
that
they
make
little
profit
of
them
;
or
if
they
deem
it
more
convenient
,
they
may
keep
good
mares
whose
foales
will
bring
them
great
profit
yearly
.
6.
The
advancement
of
private
persons
will
be
the
advantage
of
the
publick
:
if
Merchants
do
buy
an
advantagious
commodity
,
,
hath
not
the
Common-wealth
an
advantage
thereby
,
as
well
as
themselves
?
if
men
by
good
husbandry
,
trenching
,
manuring
their
Land
,
&c.
do
better
their
Land
,
is
not
the
Common-wealth
inriched
thereby
?
so
whatsoever
benefit
we
make
to
our selves
,
tends
to
the
publick
good
.
Secondly
,
As
Good
is
procured
,
so
Evil
is
hereby
prevented
:
two
sorts
of
evils
,
malum
peccati
,
&
malum
poenae
,
evil
of
crime
,
and
evil
of
pain
;
evil
of
sin
,
and
evil
of
sorrow
;
evil
of
mens
doings
and
sufferings
,
mans
iniquity
and
misery
are
both
prevented
by
a
regulated
inclosure
.
Evils
of
sin
are
,
1.
Strife
and
contention
,
litigious
quarrels
and
suits
of
Law
,
which
are
daily
occasioned
by
mens
trespasses
against
each
other
in
the
open
fields
,
for
want
of
a
mound
to
keep
their
cattell
within
their
own
bounds
.
Let
it
seriously
be
considered
,
how
many
brawling
contentions
are
brought
before
the
Judges
every
Assizes
,
by
the
inhabitants
of
the
common
fields
;
and
how
few
of
the
like
nature
by
the
inhabitants
of
inclosures
,
and
it
will
set
a
seal
to
this
truth
.
2.
Falling
out
of
herdsmen
,
which
produceth
fighting
,
battings
,
and
too
often
murthers
.
3.
Many
wilful
oppressions
,
men
commonly
stealing
their
neighbours
corn
and
grasse
that
lyeth
next
them
,
and
turning
their
cattell
loose
on
purpose
,
when
they
pretend
they
break
their
tedders
:
now
although
wicked
men
will
do
this
in
any
place
,
yet
they
have
not
such
opportunity
to
commit
such
rapines
,
so
secretly
without
discovery
in
Inclosures
as
in
common
fields
;
the
very
occasions
of
sin
are
dangerous
,
take
away
the
occasion
and
the
sin
will
cease
.
It
's
a
fair
booty
that
makes
many
a
thief
,
which
possibly
would
have
lived
honestly
but
for
the
occasion
.
Opportunity
one
calleth
an
woer
,
which
none
but
heaven
can
conquer
;
occasion
and
a
corrupt
heart
being
like
to
two
inordinate
lovers
which
seldome
meet
together
but
they
sin
together
,
if
we
keep
them
asunder
the
harm
is
prevented
.
2.
Evils
of
sorrow
,
the
misery
of
man
and
beast
hereby
prevented
.
1.
Common
experience
teacheth
that
it
preventeth
the
rotting
of
sheep
,
there
being
usually
five
rots
in
the
Common
fields
for
one
in
Inclosure
,
the
poor
husbandman
losing
as
much
in
the
Rot
one
year
,
as
he
hath
gained
in
seven
years
before
.
2.
The
hedges
preserve
the
corn
and
grasse
from
spoil
by
travellers
;
who
know
no
high
waies
in
the
common
fields
,
especially
by
herds
of
cattell
,
which
by
reason
of
the
extreme
narrownesse
of
the
Common
,
do
much
harm
upon
those
Lands
which
butt
upon
the
pasture
,
notwithstanding
the
keepers
do
their
uttermost
to
prevent
it
3.
It
prevents
that
disorderly
and
irrationall
manner
of
feeding
of
cattel
,
and
driving
them
by
flocks
from
place
to
place
,
to
the
great
prejudice
of
the
Land
and
grasse
,
the
cattell
staining
and
spoiling
as
much
with
their
feet
,
as
they
eat
with
their
mouthes
;
as
also
the
annoyance
and
disturbance
of
the
cattell
by
such
disorderly
driving
.
Me
thinks
even
pity
to
the
poor
beast
,
should
invite
men
to
sever
their
pasture
from
their
arable
land
,
that
so
they
may
feed
and
drink
when
they
desire
it
without
disturbance
.
But
many
are
so
wilful
that
they
will
not
change
any
of
their
old
customes
,
although
they
can
give
no
more
reason
for
it
,
then
the
savage
Irish
for
their
drawing
their
plowes
by
the
horse
tails
without
harnesse
.
4.
It
preventeth
that
insufferable
wrong
both
to
man
and
beast
,
in
keeping
more
cattell
then
the
fields
can
bear
,
which
impoverisheth
man
,
and
pineth
the
beast
:
True
,
it
's
granted
fewer
cattell
are
kept
in
improved
grounds
,
but
one
cow
or
sheep
will
yeeld
as
much
profit
as
three
in
the
common
fields
.
5.
It
preventeth
the
intolerable
toyle
and
unnecessary
charge
of
the
husbandman
;
1.
In
tilling
his
Land
;
it
requiring
three
or
four
tilths
in
the
common
field
,
without
which
it
will
bear
no
corn
,
whereas
in
Inclosure
farre
lesse
Land
will
yeeld
more
corn
with
one
tilth
.
In
the
common
fields
the
arable
Land
turns
the
husbandman
to
little
profit
,
his
great
pains
and
cost
considered
,
which
I
conceive
is
the
reason
of
that
maxime
of
the
husbandman
,
That
he
that
gives
more
Rent
for
his
Land
then
the
Hay
and
Commons
are
worth
,
hath
but
a
hard
bargain
:
his
labour
and
charge
in
dressing
seeds
and
inning
,
amounting
to
near
as
much
as
his
Crop
of
grain
is
worth
.
2.
In
gathering
his
Corn
and
Hay
together
,
specially
Hay
,
which
lyeth
in
so
many
little
parcels
,
in
bulks
and
hades
,
and
at
such
a
distance
,
that
it
costs
near
as
much
in
gathering
as
it
is
worth
.
6.
It
preventeth
the
oppression
of
the
poor
husbandman
,
which
is
not
able
to
store
his
own
Commons
,
which
the
rich
man
devoureth
with
his
cattell
,
and
so
puts
the
poor
mans
profit
into
his
own
purse
.
Object
.
It
is
not
Laudable
although
Lawful
,
because
three
Ministers
having
a
hand
in
it
,
others
will
be
incouraged
to
inclose
other
Towns
unlawfully
.
Answ
.
If
any
plead
our
example
,
I
hope
they
will
also
follow
it
in
all
circumstances
wherewith
it
is
clothed
,
and
then
their
inclosures
will
be
lawfull
as
well
as
ours
;
if
otherwise
,
they
have
no
reason
to
plead
our
example
,
but
rather
our
good
example
will
condemn
their
sinful
Inclosure
.
Object
.
It
is
at
least
the
appearance
of
evil
,
and
Christians
,
much
more
Ministers
must
avoid
not
only
evil
,
but
the
appearance
of
it
,
2
Thess.
5.22
.
Answ
1.
That
the
appearance
of
evil
is
prohibited
,
is
l●st
Christians
should
fall
into
evil
,
which
they
think
good
,
through
mistake
;
some
sins
are
palpable
,
which
we
may
feel
;
some
visible
,
which
we
may
see
;
others
of
a
finer
thread
,
it
's
difficult
to
discern
them
;
some
sins
are
open
,
and
others
are
much
disguised
:
upon
this
account
Gods
people
ought
to
watch
,
l●st
they
rush
upon
these
disguised
sins
,
but
let
our
Inclosure
be
unbowelled
and
unmasked
,
and
no
evil
appeareth
in
it
.
Answ
.
2.
I
grant
it
a
duty
not
only
to
provide
for
conscience
by
shunning
evil
,
but
for
same
by
avoiding
the
appearance
of
it
;
the
jewel
of
a
good
name
must
be
provided
for
,
Phil
.
4.8
.
the
credit
of
the
Gospel
depends
upon
those
that
professe
it
,
much
more
those
that
preach
it
:
because
through
their
sides
the
Gospels
glory
is
much
wounded
,
therefore
Christians
must
avoid
not
only
Bernard
.
Malas
res
sed
malas
pariter
species
,
not
only
evil
things
but
the
shewes
of
evil
.
Such
things
as
are
evil
in
themselves
,
and
such
things
as
are
bruited
to
be
evil
in
their
circumstances
.
Thus
Paul
did
abstain
from
things
lawful
,
rather
then
offend
weak
brethren
,
1
Cor
.
8.13
.
He
would
not
eat
meat
while
the
world
stood
,
rather
then
offend
;
so
in
the
first
plantation
of
the
Gospel
he
chooseth
manual
labour
,
and
requireth
not
Gospel
maintenance
,
to
avoid
the
suspicion
of
being
mercenary
:
but
here
note
,
that
in
avoiding
the
appearance
of
evil
,
three
things
are
considerable
.
1.
Whether
the
persons
offended
be
weak
or
wilful
;
what
Paul
did
,
was
in
compliance
with
weak
Christians
,
young
neophytes
,
which
were
not
yet
informed
that
those
that
preach
the
Gospel
ought
to
live
of
the
Gospel
:
should
Pauls
practise
be
pressed
upon
the
Ministers
of
the
Gospel
now
,
would
not
all
Christians
answer
that
this
was
in
the
Churches
infancy
,
when
weak
Christians
did
not
know
their
du●y
;
but
now
under
the
glorious
shining
of
the
Gospel
of
peace
,
this
truth
is
clearly
made
known
in
the
word
,
to
every
Christian
that
is
not
wilful
:
if
therefore
Ministers
should
now
give
up
their
Right
,
this
was
not
to
satisfie
the
weak
,
but
to
gratifie
the
wilful
:
so
it
being
clearly
detected
and
demonstrated
,
that
our
Inclosure
of
Catthorp
is
a
thing
lawful
and
good
must
needs
professe
.
I
conceive
them
not
weak
Christians
,
but
wilful
travellers
,
that
call
it
the
appearance
of
evil
.
2.
Whether
the
thing
done
be
a
Real
appearance
of
Evil
,
or
only
Imaginary
.
1.
Real
,
when
the
fact
it self
or
circumstances
do
give
ground
of
suspicion
.
Or
,
2.
Imaginary
,
which
is
framed
and
fancied
out
of
prejudice
without
any
colour
of
reason
.
That
our
Saviour
did
heal
on
the
Sabbath
day
was
to
the
Pharisees
an
appearance
of
evil
,
but
fancied
by
their
ignorance
rather
then
afforded
by
the
fact
,
it
being
a
work
of
charity
,
and
one
part
of
the
duty
of
the
day
whereby
it
is
sanctified
.
3.
Whether
the
thing
in
question
be
a
thing
indifferent
,
or
absolutely
good
and
a
part
of
duty
:
It
's
a
ruled
case
,
That
no
duty
ought
to
be
neglected
because
it
is
suspected
to
be
evil
;
although
evil
may
not
be
done
that
good
may
come
,
yet
good
must
be
done
although
it
seem
evil
.
We
must
avoid
the
appearance
of
evil
,
but
it
followes
not
that
we
must
avoid
evident
and
transparent
good
,
which
our
Inclosure
is
fully
proved
to
be
.
Object
.
The
people
are
generally
offended
at
it
,
and
cry
out
against
all
inclosure
as
oppression
,
therefore
it
is
at
least
a
thing
of
evil
report
,
and
to
be
avoided
.
Answ
.
All
things
are
not
of
an
evill
report
in
the
Scripture
sense
,
which
the
multitude
decry
as
evil
:
the
best
things
now
a
daies
are
worst
spoken
of
by
the
multitude
,
the
very
name
of
Reformation
is
as
much
exploded
by
the
vulgar
as
Inclosure
;
those
sacred
ordinances
of
Magistracy
and
Ministery
,
which
God
hath
honoured
with
his
own
approbation
and
stamped
with
his
own
superscription
,
Rom.
13.1
.
Heb
.
13.17
.
are
now
become
offensive
to
the
levelling
multitude
:
Suppose
that
some
under
the
specious
pretence
of
reformation
,
would
bring
in
deformation
;
is
therefore
all
reall
reformation
according
to
Gods
Word
to
be
rejected
?
Suppose
some
Magistrates
and
Ministers
have
miscarried
and
done
amisse
,
must
therefore
these
Ordinances
of
God
be
laid
aside
?
God
forbid
;
these
miscarriages
were
vitia
personarum
non
rei
,
the
faults
of
the
men
,
not
the
office
:
Let
it
be
granted
that
some
Inclosers
have
destroyed
Towns
and
oppressed
the
poor
,
and
thereby
have
raised
an
evil
report
upon
Inclosures
in
general
,
must
we
therefore
lay
aside
all
our
hopes
of
reformation
of
the
common
field
confusion
by
bringing
them
into
the
discipline
of
a
regulated
Inclosure
?
A
hedge
in
the
field
is
as
necessary
in
its
kinde
,
as
government
in
the
Church
or
Common-wealth
.
When
God
threatens
to
lay
waste
his
vineyard
,
the
Church
and
Common-wealth
of
Israel
,
it
's
said
,
I
will
take
away
the
hedge
thereof
,
Isa
.
5.6
.
viz.
Magistracy
and
Ministry
,
those
props
and
pillars
of
the
Church
and
State
,
which
are
here
compared
to
a
hedge
inclosing
the
vineyard
or
field
;
as
also
Gods
Church
is
called
a
Garden
inclosed
,
Cant
.
4.12
.
Had
God
been
such
an
enemy
to
hedges
as
some
pretend
,
the
Holy
Ghost
would
not
have
made
use
of
this
metaphor
,
to
signifie
those
his
glorious
Ordinances
:
if
God
in
judgement
removed
the
hedges
of
Israel
,
I
hope
it
will
be
a
mercy
and
not
a
judgement
,
to
enjoy
the
benefit
of
hedges
in
Catthorp
,
whatsoever
the
multitude
say
to
the
contrary
?
This
is
our
comfort
,
God
must
judge
us
,
not
the
multitude
;
if
we
have
the
approbation
of
God
,
we
care
not
much
for
the
applause
of
men
:
our
betters
before
us
did
passe
through
an
ill
report
as
well
as
good
,
2
Cor
.
6.8
.
It
is
a
second
confort
,
that
those
reall
commodities
and
conveniences
,
which
we
and
ours
hope
to
enjoy
by
this
Inclosure
,
will
do
us
more
good
than
all
the
vanity
of
popular
applause
:
that
maxime
,
vox
populi
,
vox
Dei
,
to
be
understood
,
vox
populi
Dei
,
the
voice
of
the
people
,
the
voyce
of
God
(
that
is
)
the
voice
of
Gods
people
,
is
the
voice
of
God
,
not
aura
popularis
,
that
airy
blast
of
the
vulgar
breath
,
which
turns
with
every
winde
,
and
is
for
the
most
part
as
unconstant
as
it
is
groundlesse
.
Answ
.
2.
I
desire
in
all
things
so
to
demean
my self
,
as
to
give
no
just
offence
to
th●
Jew
nor
Gentile
,
nor
to
the
Church
of
Christ
,
to
those
that
are
within
,
nor
to
those
that
are
without
;
but
there
are
scandals
taken
which
are
not
given
;
if
any
take
offence
without
cause
,
the
scandall
will
lie
at
their
own
homes
and
not
at
ours
.
I
meet
with
four
sorts
of
men
offended
at
Inclosure
,
whom
I
intreat
not
to
be
angry
if
by
vindication
of
our selves
,
I
set
the
saddle
on
the
right
horse
,
and
lay
the
bastard
of
scandall
at
the
door
of
the
right
owners
.
1.
The
first
and
most
that
are
offended
at
Inclosure
,
are
the
ruder
sort
of
people
;
which
to
speak
truly
,
have
most
reason
:
Why
?
Vivitur
ex
rapto
:
they
live
upon
rapine
and
spoil
of
others
,
and
seldome
keep
their
cattell
within
their
own
bounds
,
but
daily
make
a
prey
upon
their
neighbours
corn
and
grasse
:
stoln
waters
are
sweet
to
these
pretended
upright
men
,
whose
consciences
cannot
bear
the
burthen
of
Inclosure
,
yet
make
no
conscience
when
they
can
do
it
without
discovery
to
overstore
their
Commons
,
and
plow
up
their
neighbours
Land
,
&c.
There
is
a
profane
and
levelling
spirit
now
abroad
in
the
world
that
cry
out
against
government
,
and
speak
evil
of
dignities
;
What
would
they
have
!
forsooth
liberty
of
conscience
:
form
what
?
from
Magistracy
and
Ministry
;
to
what
?
to
live
as
the
list
and
sin
cum
privilegio
;
the
golden
reins
of
discipline
please
not
,
this
yoke
they
cannot
bear
,
but
cast
off
this
,
and
then
they
may
swear
,
and
lie
,
and
rob
,
and
rifle
,
and
swill
,
and
swagger
,
riot
and
revell
in
a
shorelesse
excesse
,
and
set
sin
on
horseback
to
ride
in
triumph
without
controll
whither
it
listeth
.
True
,
liberty
of
conscience
a
precious
Jewell
,
but
this
a
liberty
from
sin
,
not
a
liberty
to
sin
.
The
very
same
spirit
of
disorder
in
the
very
same
persons
,
and
upon
the
same
grounds
doth
decry
Inclosure
,
because
it
would
put
a
bridle
upon
their
licencious
lusts
:
if
such
as
these
are
offended
at
our
Inclosure
,
is
it
a
thing
of
evill
report
in
us
to
prevent
their
disorders
,
and
enormous
sins
?
2.
A
second
sort
of
men
that
are
offended
at
our
Inclosure
,
are
some
self-ended
Graziers
,
which
have
much
in
their
mouthes
that
woe
pronounced
by
the
Prophet
Isaiah
against
such
as
lay
land
to
land
;
which
I
must
needs
retort
upon
themselves
,
because
they
make
nothing
of
taking
Lands
over
poor
mens
heads
,
and
are
never
contented
till
they
have
got
into
their
hands
as
much
Land
as
would
maintain
ten
Families
,
yet
they
exclaim
against
Inclosure
,
why
?
Because
a
general
Inclosure
and
division
between
the
arable
and
pasture
Land
,
would
spoyle
their
trad●s
,
in
that
husbandmen
would
keep
as
good
Cattel
as
themselves
,
so
that
they
could
not
Monopolize
all
the
fat
Beef
and
Mutton
to
themselves
,
as
now
they
do
:
I
hope
it
is
not
of
evill
report
to
crosse
the
avarice
and
frustrate
the
expectation
of
such
self-ended
and
self-condemned
persons
,
who
live
upon
Inclosure
themselves
,
and
yet
would
have
none
inclose
but
themselves
.
4.
A
fourth
sort
offended
are
some
truly
godly
,
and
you
will
say
,
Dare
you
offend
them
?
Answ
.
For
my
own
part
,
I
had
rather
not
only
that
Catthorp
should
never
be
Inclosed
,
but
that
my
Land
there
had
never
been
enjoyed
by
me
,
then
that
I
should
justly
offend
the
least
of
Gods
little
ones
,
but
I
am
very
sorry
that
these
should
take
offence
where
none
is
given
:
what
should
I
do
in
this
case
?
the
godly
are
divided
in
judgement
about
this
point
,
some
for
it
,
others
against
it
,
I
must
necessarily
offend
one
party
.
Which
should
I
choose
?
1.
Those
that
are
for
it
,
might
justly
have
challenged
me
,
if
I
had
denied
my
consent
to
that
which
(
my
conscience
bearing
me
witnesse
that
I
lye
not
)
I
am
fully
perswaded
is
not
only
lawfull
but
necessary
at
leas●
ad
bene
esse
,
to
the
well
being
of
the
Common-wealth
;
hereby
I
should
have
hindred
others
,
and
such
as
I
hope
are
godly
,
from
the
lawfull
improvement
of
their
own
estate
,
of
which
I
could
render
no
reason
,
but
that
I
would
not
offend
those
godly
,
which
are
of
a
different
perswasion
from
them
and
my self
also
;
would
not
my
refusal
,
rebus
sic
stantibus
,
have
given
more
just
cause
of
offence
to
them
,
then
my
consent
hath
given
to
others
?
Let
moderate
men
judge
.
2.
What
is
it
that
offendeth
the
brethren
of
another
judgement
?
1.
Is
it
our
exchange
of
lands
with
each
other
?
that
hath
been
done
many
times
in
common
fields
,
and
no
such
offence
taken
at
it
by
the
persons
now
offended
.
2.
Is
it
a
making
a
hedge
about
our
Lands
?
this
also
ordinary
in
the
common
fields
:
if
it
be
lawfull
to
make
a
hedge
between
the
bounds
of
Town
and
Town
,
why
not
also
between
the
limits
of
neighbour
and
neighbour
?
3.
I
suppose
they
take
offence
,
because
they
fear
depopulation
,
oppression
,
&c.
Answ
.
They
fear
,
but
prove
it
not
,
I
have
already
proved
the
contrary
:
whether
their
groundlesse
fear
and
unjust
clamours
,
or
our
regular
actions
are
most
justly
offensive
,
let
moderate
men
judge
between
us
and
them
.
4.
Are
not
many
places
in
England
,
Essex
,
Hereford
,
Devonshire
,
Shropshire
,
Worcester
,
wholly
inclosed
,
and
yet
no
such
effects
follow
?
Are
any
of
the
godly
in
those
parts
offended
at
it
?
why
then
are
any
offended
at
Leicestershire
?
is
the
same
action
lawful
in
one
place
,
and
yet
sinful
in
another
?
by
what
law
?
sure
I
am
,
those
that
write
most
vehemently
against
Inclosure
,
have
granted
these
Inclosures
lawfull
,
as
Mr.
Hallhead
in
his
Book
entituled
,
Inclosure
thrown
open
,
in
answering
this
objection
concerning
other
parts
of
England
,
hath
these
words
.
I
would
not
be
mistaken
,
I
mean
only
depopulating
Inclosure
,
&c.
Yea
the
most
strenuous
opposers
of
Inclosure
in
generall
,
and
our
Inclosure
in
particular
,
have
acknowledged
,
that
if
all
places
were
inclosed
,
no
such
effects
would
follow
:
if
it
be
lawfull
to
inclose
all
,
then
by
an
argument
,
a
majore
ad
minus
,
from
the
greater
to
the
lesse
,
it
's
lawfull
to
inclose
some
:
Would
they
not
be
offended
,
if
all
Leicestershire
and
the
Counties
adjacent
were
Inclosed
:
why
then
are
they
offended
at
the
Inclosure
of
our
small
village
of
Catthorp
?
5.
I
am
informed
by
such
as
have
travelled
into
other
Nations
,
that
there
is
no
Land
that
lyeth
in
that
confused
manner
,
by
small
parcels
,
roods
and
half
acres
,
as
it
doth
in
our
parts
of
England
,
even
in
Ireland
and
Scotland
,
every
man
hath
his
Land
lying
together
:
are
these
parts
of
England
wiser
then
all
the
Christian
world
besides
?
are
they
all
in
the
dark
?
doe
they
live
in
daily
sin
?
or
rather
doe
not
we
need
a
reformation
by
a
regulated
Inclosure
?
6.
The
Lands
of
the
Israelites
and
other
Lands
mentioned
in
holy
Writ
,
were
not
divided
into
small
parcels
as
are
our
common
fields
,
Gen.
23.9
.
The
field
which
Abraham
bought
of
Ephron
the
Hittite
,
did
belong
to
Ephron
alone
,
we
read
of
no
fellow
Commoners
that
joyned
in
the
sale
of
it
:
It
cost
Abraham
four
hundred
shekels
of
silver
,
vers
.
16.
how
much
a
shekel
was
the
learned
agree
not
:
Junius
saith
the
Hebrew
Shekels
was
two
shilling
,
four
pence
,
others
five
groats
:
the
difference
may
arise
from
the
difference
between
the
common
shekel
,
and
the
Shekel
of
the
Sanctuary
:
the
common
shekel
some
say
was
but
half
so
much
:
the
most
probable
opinion
is
,
that
a
Shekel
did
weigh
half
an
ounce
of
silver
,
which
in
our
money
is
two
shillings
six
pence
;
Willet
on
Exod
.
30.13
.
Doctor
Willet
is
of
this
perswasion
;
his
ground
he
hath
from
Arias
Montanus
,
who
relates
that
one
Rabbi
Moses
travelling
from
Spain
to
Palestina
,
saw
a
piece
of
silver
with
this
inscription
,
SHEKEL
ISRAEL
,
and
the
pot
of
Manna
on
the
one
side
,
and
holy
Jerusalem
with
the
Rod
of
Aaron
blossoming
on
the
other
side
,
in
the
ancient
Samaritan
character
,
(
which
without
doubt
was
the
true
Hebrew
character
,
that
now
used
being
the
Chaldee
,
which
the
Israelites
first
used
after
their
return
from
Babylon
,
to
distinguish
themselves
from
Samaritans
)
.
This
the
said
Rabbi
weighed
,
and
it
came
to
half
an
ounce
:
he
saw
also
a
lesser
piece
with
the
same
Characters
,
supposed
to
be
the
half
shekel
mentioned
in
Scripture
:
Beza
also
had
a
piece
of
the
same
coyne
,
which
was
given
him
by
his
friend
Ambrosius
Blanzerus
,
the
expresse
image
whereof
,
he
doth
graphically
delineate
,
Major
.
Annot
.
Mat
.
17.24
.
Now
four
hundred
shekels
at
this
rate
,
would
amount
to
fifty
pound
of
our
English
money
;
or
if
the
common
shekel
was
but
half
so
much
,
yet
it
was
a
very
large
summe
in
Abrahams
daies
,
and
therefore
probable
it
was
a
very
large
field
:
yea
this
field
was
inclosed
too
,
vers
.
17.
He
bought
also
the
trees
in
the
borders
rouud
about
.
And
so
also
it
was
in
Egypt
,
every
man
had
his
field
peculiar
,
Gen.
47.20
.
in
the
time
of
famine
,
every
man
sold
his
field
to
Pharaoh
for
bread
,
the
Land
then
lay
not
in
little
parcels
but
in
large
fields
.
When
the
Israelites
were
setled
in
the
promised
Land
,
every
man
had
his
own
field
,
Exod
.
22.5
.
if
any
mans
beast
did
hurt
anothers
field
,
he
was
to
make
restituti●n
out
of
the
best
of
his
own
field
.
So
the
Israelites
were
prohibit●d
to
covet
their
neighbours
field
,
Deut.
5.21
.
Again
it
was
a
custome
for
some
in
Israel
to
dedicate
their
fields
to
God
for
pious
uses
,
Levit
.
17.18
,
19.
Surely
they
did
not
dedicate
that
which
was
not
their
own
.
Achsah
Othniels
wife
,
Calebs
daughter
,
did
beg
of
her
Father
a
field
,
Joshua
15.18
.
which
shee
would
not
have
done
,
if
it
had
not
been
Calebs
own
to
give
:
he
had
no
fellow
commoners
to
obstruct
his
bounty
.
Ruth
gleaned
in
the
field
of
Boaz
,
Ruth
2.3
.
Her
hap
was
to
light
on
a
part
of
the
field
belonging
to
Boaz
,
not
as
some
affirm
,
that
Boaz
had
only
a
part
of
the
field
,
or
that
part
only
on
which
she
gleaned
,
but
that
she
gleaned
on
a
part
of
that
field
which
did
wholly
belong
to
Boaz
:
no
interpreters
or
translators
,
judge
that
part
of
the
field
only
to
belong
to
Boaz
.
Junius
and
Trem
.
render
it
,
accidit
ea
casu
possessio
agri
pertinentis
ad
Boazum
.
The
possession
of
the
field
belonging
to
Boaz
,
hapned
to
her
by
chance
,
the
vulgar
translation
attributed
to
Hierome
:
accidit
ut
ille
ager
dominum
habebat
nomine
Boaz
.
It
hapned
that
that
field
had
one
called
Boaz
for
its
owner
:
I
confesse
this
is
rather
an
Interpretation
then
a
translation
,
the
Hebrew
verbatim
being
translated
,
Et
accidit
casus
ejus
portio
agri
ad
Boazum
:
Her
chance
hapned
to
be
part
of
the
field
belonging
to
Boaz
:
but
all
agree
,
and
none
deny
that
the
whole
field
was
his
,
hence
vers
.
22.
Naom
chargeth
Ruth
that
the
maidens
of
Boaz
see
her
not
in
any
other
field
,
not
any
other
part
of
the
field
.
The
same
Boaz
when
he
marryed
Ruth
,
bought
the
field
of
Naomi
,
Ruth
4.5
.
When
the
Philistines
sent
back
the
Ark
of
the
Lord
,
the
cart
was
brought
into
the
field
of
Josua
the
Bethshemite
;
the
other
inhabitants
of
Bethshemesh
had
its
like
other
fields
,
but
this
field
belonge
to
Joshua
only
,
1
Sam
.
6.14
,
18.
Again
,
Absalon
caused
his
servants
to
set
on
fire
Joabs
field
of
corn
,
2
Sam
.
14.30
,
31.
And
Jeremiah
bought
the
field
of
Hanameel
his
uncles
son
,
Jer
.
32.9
.
By
all
which
it
plainly
appears
that
these
fields
lay
not
in
common
;
but
every
particular
field
had
its
peculiar
propriator
or
owner
.
When
the
Scripture
mentioneth
Land
belonging
to
Towns
,
it
speaks
in
the
plural
number
,
as
Lachish
and
the
fields
thereof
,
Neh
.
11.30
.
but
when
any
particular
mans
field
,
in
the
singular
,
Josuas
field
,
Joabs
field
,
&c.
And
it
's
probable
that
some
of
these
fields
were
inclosed
,
hence
the
Kings
workmen
are
said
to
dwell
among
plants
and
hedges
,
1
Chron
.
4.23
.
Now
if
this
be
so
,
do
we
give
just
offence
to
our
brethren
by
laying
our
Land
after
the
platform
of
the
Lands
of
Gods
own
people
,
which
were
so
divided
by
Gods
own
appointment
?
or
do
not
rather
our
brethren
take
offence
when
none
on
our
part
is
given
?
Lastly
,
I
have
heard
that
our
Lands
in
England
were
never
divided
into
such
small
parcels
till
the
daies
of
K.
William
the
Conqueror
,
who
fearing
the
people
did
disaffect
him
,
out
of
State
policy
commanded
the
Lands
to
be
so
divided
,
that
the
people
being
busied
about
division
of
their
Lands
,
might
have
no
leisure
to
disturb
his
Government
:
if
this
be
so
,
it
's
no
just
offence
to
restore
our
Lands
to
their
pristine
order
.
Thus
having
I
hope
fully
proved
what
I
at
first
promised
,
viz.
that
our
Inclosure
of
Catthorp
is
both
lawfull
and
laudable
,
I
conclude
with
this
serious
profession
,
that
if
any
in
the
spirit
of
love
and
meeknesse
,
by
soft
words
and
sound
reasons
,
shall
evince
our
Inclosure
to
be
sinful
,
I
shall
as
publickly
acknowledge
it
as
I
have
openly
defended
our
action
.
Obstinacy
in
any
thing
I
judge
Idolatry
,
the
covetous
man
makes
his
mammon
'
his
god
,
and
the
haeretick
his
opinion
,
in
that
Narcissus
like
he
is
in
love
with
his
own
shadow
,
and
the
chimaera
of
his
own
brain
:
for
my
part
it
's
my
desire
,
herbam
dare
veritati
,
(
when
ever
error
appeareth
to
be
an
error
)
to
sit
down
conquered
,
and
give
truth
the
victory
:
this
I
best
relish
in
others
,
and
by
Gods
grace
will
endevour
to
practise
my self
.
It
can
be
no
disgrace
to
be
overcome
by
truth
,
it
's
no
part
of
levity
nor
inconstancy
,
to
change
falshood
for
truth
,
and
upon
fight
of
error
to
change
both
opinion
and
practise
:
and
with
holy
Augustine
ingenuously
retract
what
hath
been
said
or
done
amisse
,
so
God
shall
have
the
glory
,
and
our
souls
the
comfort
.
But
on
the
other
hand
,
if
any
shall
persevere
in
their
groundlesse
reproaches
of
us
:
magna
&
susquipedalia
verba
susque
deque
habeo
.
Lofty
long
footed
words
,
or
to
use
the
Apostles
expression
,
Jude
16.
Great
swelling
words
of
vanity
,
which
have
no
more
weight
than
a
feather
,
I
care
not
much
for
.
These
may
hurt
themselves
but
cannot
hurt
me
,
who
am
resolved
to
answer
all
such
opprobrious
language
,
as
once
Tacitus
did
answer
railing
Metullus
.
Tu
didicisti
male
dicere
,
Ego
didici
maledicta
contemnere
:
thou
hast
learned
to
revile
,
I
have
learned
to
slight
thy
revilings
.