IN
the
Brewers
〈…〉
the
〈…〉
their
●●per
directed
To
the
Right
Honorable
the
Committee
of
Parliament
for
Inspection
,
they
cite
Magna
Charta
,
wherein
they
affirm
it
is
said
,
Unum
pondus
&
una
mensura
fit
per
totum
Regnum
nostrum
.
Doth
not
those
Acts
of
Parliament
made
in
the
ninth
year
of
Henry
the
III
.
the
seventeenth
year
of
Edward
the
II
.
the
14
,
25
,
and
27.
years
of
Edward
the
III
.
the
14
,
15
,
and
16.
years
of
Richard
the
II
.
the
11
,
and
12.
years
of
Henry
the
VII
.
and
the
23.
years
of
Henry
the
VIII
.
provide
for
the
same
thing
;
and
to
that
end
establish
one
Standard
Gallon
,
and
also
one
Standard
for
all
Weights
and
Measures
,
to
be
used
throughout
the
Realm
,
to
be
and
remain
in
the
Treasury
or
Exchequer
for
ever
?
And
to
the
end
that
no
deceit
might
be
used
in
variety
of
Measures
,
was
not
those
Standards
in
the
Exchequer
further
established
by
an
Act
of
this
present
Parliament
,
in
the
year
1641.
as
it
is
in
the
19.
Chapter
of
Mr
Scobels
Collections
of
Statutes
,
which
is
consonant
and
not
contrary
to
that
Sacred
Directory
in
Deut
.
25.13
,
and
14.
verses
There
shall
not
be
diverse
Weights
and
Measures
,
a
great
and
a
small
,
but
a
perfect
and
just
Measure
throughout
the
Land
.
Though
the
Brewers
seem
to
affirm
the
justness
of
their
complaint
,
by
pretending
two
different
Measures
,
complaining
they
are
gauged
by
one
Measure
,
and
are
forced
to
sell
by
another
,
pretending
their
loss
in
the
Excise
of
Beer
and
Ale
in
London
only
,
thereby
to
be
7000
l.
per
an
.
whereas
they
are
gauged
by
that
alone
Measure
which
is
justified
by
Law
to
sell
by
;
only
in
policie
some
Brewers
give
greater
Measure
then
others
,
and
also
undersell
one
another
in
the
price
of
the
Barrel
of
strong
drink
,
on
purpose
to
gain
each
others
Customers
,
out
of
meer
design
and
covetousness
of
Trade
,
when
the
Law
doth
not
oblige
them
thereunto
.
Besides
many
or
all
of
them
have
no
sealed
Gallons
in
their
houses
,
that
they
may
be
at
liberty
herein
.
And
whereas
in
the
first
page
of
their
Pamphlet
,
it
is
complained
by
the
Brewers
,
that
the
Gaugers
do
not
observe
the
Assize
of
Beer
and
Ale
,
as
they
are
commanded
by
the
Ordnance
of
the
Lords
and
Commons
in
Parliament
,
made
in
the
year
1643.
Article
23.
whereby
the
Brewer
is
to
pay
2s
per
Barrel
Excise
,
for
every
Barrel
of
strong
Beer
which
is
made
and
Brewed
.
Surely
it
is
meant
such
a
Barrel
of
Beer
as
is
established
by
Law
,
which
Barrel
is
to
contain
just
36.
of
the
Standard
Gallons
,
or
else
above
and
not
under
(
as
it
is
in
the
foresaid
Act
,
made
in
the
23.
year
of
Henry
the
VIII
.
)
By
this
word
(
above
)
certainly
no
unbiassed
person
can
understand
,
that
Act
ever
intended
the
Barrel
should
be
37.
Gallons
,
or
as
much
bigger
as
the
Cooper
or
Brewer
pleases
;
but
the
Law
provides
for
the
contrary
;
for
it
saies
in
the
same
Act
,
That
if
any
Vessel
hold
more
or
less
then
36.
Gallons
,
the
Cooper
is
thereby
directed
on
a
penalty
,
to
set
the
number
of
Gallons
it
contains
on
the
outside
thereof
;
and
if
it
be
less
then
a
Barrel
and
hath
not
the
number
of
Gallons
on
it
,
the
Sealer
may
burn
it
.
Besides
for
further
confirmation
of
the
Exchequer
Gallon
,
there
hath
been
tried
with
water
,
by
that
Gallon
,
divers
new
barrels
that
are
sealed
in
neer
twenty
Brewhouses
in
London
,
and
the
biggest
of
them
have
not
held
above
36.
Gallons
and
3.
quarts
,
some
but
36.
gallons
and
a
half
,
and
some
but
36.
gallons
and
a
quart
,
which
had
they
been
measured
by
the
great
gallon
which
the
Brewers
contend
for
,
they
had
held
little
above
34.
gallons
;
which
shews
that
the
Measure
the
Sealer
seals
the
Barrels
by
,
and
that
Measure
at
Coopers
Hall
the
Brewers
pretend
they
seal
by
,
is
not
all
one
,
and
that
the
Sealer
doth
seal
by
the
Exchequer
gallon
,
or
else
those
Barrels
could
not
be
sealed
but
broke
.
And
whereas
the
Brewers
are
pleased
to
cite
the
11.
of
Henry
,
the
7th
and
4.
Chapter
which
they
say
(
in
the
supplement
to
their
book
)
declares
by
the
express
words
in
that
Act
,
the
proportion
is
as
5.
to
4.
for
that
the
water
Measure
or
bushel
should
hold
5.
pecks
of
the
Standard
,
and
the
common
measure
or
bushel
but
four
pecks
of
the
St
,
which
water
measure
by
the
same
Statute
is
only
to
be
sold
within
the
ship-board
;
so
it
is
hereby
made
manifestly
to
appear
,
that
Beer
and
Ale
is
not
to
be
sold
by
that
measure
,
&
yet
from
hence
they
derive
the
foundation
of
their
great
gallon
at
Coopers-Hall
,
by
dividing
those
5
pecks
into
eight
gallons
or
parts
,
&
thereby
frame
that
measure
they
would
have
called
the
Ale-gallon
:
a
gallon
of
which
quantity
was
never
established
by
any
Law
in
any
place
of
England
;
besides
if
one
bushel
contain
10
gallons
,
or
5
pecks
,
and
another
bushel
contain
8
gallons
,
or
4
pecks
,
yet
though
the
Law
doth
appoint
two
different
bushels
,
that
doth
not
make
two
different
gallons
;
for
there
is
but
one
gallon
fixed
by
Law
,
and
that
is
in
the
Exchequer
,
as
aforesaid
.
And
for
their
saying
8
l.
of
wheat
makes
the
wine
gallon
,
Let
any
judge
to
what
purpose
it
is
to
derive
a
gallon
from
the
weight
of
wheat
,
when
all
the
Statutes
before
recited
fully
clear
that
point
,
and
shew
where
the
Standard
gallon
shall
reside
,
to
which
the
whole
Nation
ought
to
conform
,
as
doth
the
gallon
in
Guild-hall
London
,
and
in
all
the
Corporations
in
England
,
which
are
fixed
there
by
Law
.
And
can
it
be
presum'd
that
gallon
in
the
Exchequer
(
so
long
practised
as
ever
since
the
16.
of
Ric
.
2.
being
neer
300
years
,
as
is
seen
by
the
fore-mentioned
Statutes
)
is
contrary
in
the
contents
thereof
,
to
the
true
intent
of
so
many
Acts
made
for
the
constant
confirmation
thereof
to
this
present
time
.
Nor
as
they
alledge
in
the
second
page
,
doth
any
Statute
speak
of
different
Gallons
to
be
found
by
proportion
,
although
most
absurdly
it
is
said
,
according
to
the
proportions
they
bear
to
it self
,
whereas
no
number
can
bear
a
proportion
to
its
self
;
but
the
quantity
of
two
different
numbers
or
things
,
must
be
given
to
beget
a
proportion
,
and
there
is
no
Gallon
established
but
of
one
quantity
,
and
that
is
in
the
Exchequer
.
Besides
not
any
Statute
whatsoever
doth
so
much
as
mention
the
word
Proportion
,
that
should
be
between
any
two
or
three
Gallons
.
〈…〉
n
diversity
of
Specie●
so
as
to
establish
different
Gallons
,
as
one
for
Corn
,
and
another
for
Beer
and
Ale
;
I
am
sure
they
are
not
in
the
Exchequer
;
if
they
are
in
any
other
place
,
it
is
desired
they
would
shew
where
they
are
,
and
by
what
Law
so
placed
;
for
I
conceive
practice
ought
to
be
reduced
to
Law
,
and
not
Law
to
practise
.
And
in
the
third
page
,
after
the
said
Brewers
have
declared
the
Wine
gallon
to
be
the
Standard
gallon
,
then
they
begin
to
speak
of
an
Ale
gallon
,
bigger
by
one
fifth
part
for
the
foulness
of
working
,
whereas
there
is
but
one
Standard
gallon
placed
by
any
Statute
Law
,
and
that
is
in
the
Exchequer
,
as
aforesaid
.
Neither
is
there
any
such
thing
as
one
fifth
part
more
,
expressed
in
any
Statute
whatsoever
,
for
the
measure
whereby
the
Ale
or
Beer
barrel
is
made
,
is
appointed
to
be
the
Standard
Gallon
,
which
all
that
know
the
Laws
of
this
Nation
,
know
it
is
only
fixed
in
the
Treasury
,
or
Exchequer
,
as
aforesaid
:
And
for
the
scantling
of
length
and
depth
,
or
form
of
any
Barrel
,
or
other
Vessel
which
the
Cooper
is
to
make
,
that
scantling
or
any
whatsoever
,
is
not
commanded
by
any
Statute
Law
extant
,
only
(
as
aforesaid
)
they
are
obliged
to
make
the
Barrel
so
that
it
must
hold
36
of
the
Standard
Gallons
,
unless
it
be
in
that
Treatise
called
Compositio
Mensurarum
,
the
substance
of
which
they
know
not
,
for
they
themselves
confess
it
is
not
in
being
,
nor
did
any
man
living
ever
see
it
,
Also
they
confess
,
that
in
Henry
the
sevenths
time
a
Standard
Gallon
,
according
to
the
Assize
for
dry
things
,
was
placed
in
the
Exchequer
:
Now
if
that
Standard
Gallon
be
not
also
fo●
Liquids
,
as
Beer
and
Ale
,
it
is
desired
they
shew
a
Standard
Gallon
in
any
other
pl●ce
;
and
yet
before
they
said
there
was
no
Standard
Gallon
in
the
Exchequer
but
the
wine
Gallon
,
and
that
was
the
Standard
of
England
:
so
that
by
this
time
they
seem
to
find
two
different
Gallons
in
the
said
Exchequer
;
which
how
true
this
is
,
any
judicious
man
may
go
and
try
,
where
he
shall
find
their
supposition
to
be
false
.
And
those
who
have
most
accurately
tryed
the
quantity
of
that
established
Gallon
,
know
their
suggestions
are
contrary
to
truth
,
and
have
found
but
one
Standard
Gallon
there
,
and
that
doth
contain
just
272
Cubical
or
solid
Inches
.
And
in
the
fourth
page
they
say
a
Winchester
bushel
holds
16
Ale
quarts
,
or
Winchester
quarts
;
I
am
confident
there
is
not
in
any
Act
of
Parliament
in
all
the
Statutes
at
large
,
either
the
name
of
a
Winchester
bushel
,
or
Winchester
Gallon
,
or
Winchester
quart
:
But
in
.
Primo
Jacobi
it
was
Enacted
That
the
Victualler
should
sell
a
full
Ale
quart
for
a
peny
;
but
not
one
word
in
that
,
or
any
Statute
,
that
four
of
those
quarts
should
fill
the
Standard
gallon
(
though
I
believe
it
doth
)
yet
if
three
of
those
quarts
did
but
fill
the
Standard
gallon
,
it
doth
not
invalid
that
Standard
Gallon
by
any
Law
,
but
that
the
Barrel
was
to
be
made
to
contain
36
of
those
Standard
gallons
.
Besides
,
as
to
the
measure
of
the
barrel
,
the
Law
doth
not
refer
either
to
the
Ale
quart
,
or
Bushel
,
but
to
the
gallon
,
firkin
,
or
kinderkin
;
which
if
the
gallon
were
made
by
4
of
those
quarts
,
as
the
Brewer
would
have
the
gallon
made
by
(
there
being
no
Law
extant
that
leads
thereto
)
besides
the
trouble
and
charge
of
altering
and
placing
new
gallons
in
all
the
several
Towns
corporate
in
England
,
the
Commonwealth
would
be
damnified
in
the
Excise
of
Beer
and
Ale
in
London
onely
,
about
7000
l.
yearly
,
and
in
the
Nations
about
40000
l.
yearly
:
And
in
the
same
page
they
say
;
the
assize
is
still
kept
up
by
the
tradition
of
the
Coopers
scan●ling
:
I
pray
by
what
established
Law
is
that
Coopers
scantling
?
I
believe
you
will
as
soon
find
it
,
as
you
will
that
Treatise
called
Compositio
Mensurarum
,
for
tempus
edax
rerum
hath
swallowed
it
up
also
.
And
though
in
pag
5.
they
are
pleased
to
call
M.
Lyon
a
novice
in
the
Art
of
Gauging
,
yet
he
hath
more
experimented
the
Standard
gallon
of
England
residing
in
the
Exchequer
,
then
any
of
his
accusers
,
&
that
may
be
seen
by
their
calling
the
Standard
gallon
in
the
Exchequer
the
Wine
gallon
,
and
they
give
this
reason
,
for
that
it
is
the
least
of
gallons
;
and
that
their
mistake
may
further
be
seen
(
as
this
case
is
)
it
is
not
how
many
cubical
inches
a
gallon
contains
(
for
which
end
they
brought
many
Artists
to
prove
the
gallon
was
to
be
288¾
inches
,
none
of
them
ever
seeing
any
original
Standard
gallon
in
their
lives
,
as
themselves
confessed
)
But
which
is
the
Standard
gallon
of
England
,
and
where
it
is
placed
,
and
by
what
Law
so
established
,
and
whether
there
be
one
or
many
Standard
gallons
established
by
Law
;
then
it
is
easie
to
know
the
quantity
thereof
,
and
not
to
trouble
themselves
about
the
proportions
of
3
several
gallons
one
to
another
,
when
there
is
but
one
gallon
as
aforesaid
established
by
Law
and
not
the
word
proportion
used
in
any
Statute
.
It
being
most
absurd
for
the
Brewers
to
offer
to
justify
that
gallon
of
288¾
cubical
inches
,
when
there
is
no
such
gallon
in
any
Corporation
in
England
placed
there
by
any
Statute
Law
;
only
that
placed
(
at
will
)
in
Coopers-Hall
,
without
any
established
authority
.
And
had
the
Brewers
vessels
been
Gauged
by
any
other
gallon
then
the
aforesaid
gallon
in
the
Exchequer
,
the
said
Lyon
had
then
not
only
acted
to
accommodate
the
illegal
ends
of
the
Complainants
,
but
utterly
contrary
to
the
established
Law
in
that
behalf
,
and
in
breach
of
the
trust
reposed
in
him
.
But
if
it
shall
please
the
Parliament
to
alter
those
Laws
already
made
,
and
confirm
another
gallon
of
any
quantity
they
shall
determine
of
,
he
the
said
Lyon
shall
be
ready
(
being
by
Authority
thereunto
directed
)
from
the
same
Dimensions
he
now
hath
of
all
the
Brewers
Vessels
in
London
,
to
cast
up
the
exact
quantities
thereof
,
as
accurately
as
he
hath
formerly
done
by
the
Exchequer
gall●n
,
whereby
he
hath
experimented
his
knowledge
,
by
the
tryal
of
several
Tuns
with
water
,
in
neer
20
Brewhouses
,
wherein
he
hath
alwaies
been
careful
rather
to
under
,
then
over
Gauge
them
,
according
to
the
Legal
gallon
,
as
hath
been
found
upon
proof
.
FINIS
.