CHAP.
I.
The
Extent
and
Dominion
of
this
Empire
.
The
Preface
.
TUrky
owes
so
much
to
its
barbarous
power
and
greatness
that
it
is
almost
bankrupt
in
its
renown
and
glory
,
while
the
Christian
world
debar'd
of
any
free
and
unjealousied
converse
,
or
wanting
the
advantage
thereof
by
the
rudeness
,
ignorance
,
and
vast
depopulations
of
the
●espective
Provinces
of
this
spacious
Monarchy
do
conclude
and
gaze
upon
it
as
a
Monster
,
spreading
and
winding
his
pernicious
bulk
upon
the
face
of
Europe
,
more
by
a
brute
impulse
and
sudden
violent
effort
,
then
by
the
conduct
and
directions
of
true
reason
and
policy
,
which
by
a
just
and
exact
disquisition
of
their
atcheivements
and
conquests
,
Our
Mistakes
concerning
Turkish
Government
.
will
be
found
of
the
best
extraction
from
the
truest
refined
wisdom
,
and
to
relish
of
that
pure
and
genuine
intellect
,
which
in
the
freeborn
world
is
reported
and
credited
to
have
descended
upon
,
and
blest
this
Tract
and
Regions
,
however
our
vicious
and
depraved
sense
,
perplexed
with
the
Matchivilian
Intrigues
of
Government
,
doth
falsly
conceive
of
it
as
exotick
simplicity
,
and
of
their
Prowess
as
the
forced
result
of
their
Savage
and
ferally
Rapinous
disposition
.
Our
purpose
therefore
is
in
describing
of
the
dimensions
of
this
large
and
ample
Territory
,
to
observe
the
manner
and
means
of
their
augmentation
,
and
Coalition
into
this
entire
and
grand
consistency
,
with
a
Chronology
of
each
Provinces
reduction
to
the
Ottoman
Scepter
from
under
the
Government
of
their
former
and
natural
Princes
.
The
present
Politiques
,
and
Civil
and
Ecclesiastical
,
Martial
and
Judiciary
Administration
of
this
Potent
and
most
extensive
Soverainty
,
its
Magnificence
,
Pomp
and
Splendor
,
not
interfering
with
what
hath
been
said
before
,
but
in
a
distinct
and
orderly
method
,
for
perfect
and
plenary
information
of
the
Reader
.
Nor
will
it
therefore
be
necessary
to
pry
into
those
lurking
holes
and
abdite
retreats
of
their
despicable
and
unobserved
Ancestry
,
since
the
disparagement
of
their
Originals
is
rather
the
glory
of
their
adult
and
mature
estate
and
grandeur
,
and
concerns
not
their
story
or
present
condition
,
besides
that
it
hath
already
been
briefly
,
but
satisfactorily
mentioned
in
the
former
part
.
The
con●…
enient
●…
cite
of
●…
he
Em●…
ire
.
Considering
this
Dominion
in
general
,
there
is
nothing
can
be
faulted
in
it
which
is
requisite
to
the
support
of
its
grandeur
.
For
its
Scituation
it
is
placed
most
conveniently
for
an
universal
or
fifth
Monarchy
,
being
devided
equally
into
Europe
and
Asia
,
the
very
Center
of
the
Earth
,
whereby
he
may
be
ready
on
all
occasions
to
stretch
his
Conquest
either
way
,
and
be
quick
and
ready
at
hand
with
recruits
and
supplies
to
carry
on
a
war
in
either
quarter
.
His
Imperial
City
of
Constantinople
being
the
extremest
limit
of
both
Regions
,
officiously
attended
and
served
by
two
Seas
,
the
Euxine
and
the
Mediterranean
,
which
combine
their
waters
by
the
walls
of
the
Magnificent
Seraglia
,
and
do
joyn
in
Homage
to
this
mighty
Lord
and
Ruler
.
His
constant
po●…cy
in
m●…king
wa●…
He
hath
also
large
Territories
in
Affrick
,
and
the
Red
Sea
under
his
command
in
part
,
so
that
of
the
habitable
world
he
hath
the
biggest
and
fairest
proportion
,
and
by
that
means
may
when
his
Ambition
shall
incite
him
extend
his
Arms
and
Dominions
further
,
in
any
of
these
quarters
,
provided
the
Conquest
be
worth
the
purchase
,
and
his
affairs
at
Home
or
the
opposite
Regions
will
afford
him
opportunity
,
for
it
is
to
be
noted
the
Grand
Signior
never
makes
War
in
two
places
together
,
nor
long
in
one
place
,
either
fearing
the
contagions
of
his
Enemies
manners
should
spread
among
his
own
people
,
which
he
carefully
avoids
,
as
the
bane
of
his
Tyranny
,
or
else
suspecting
that
his
own
deficiencies
in
the
Art
Military
,
or
some
other
inconveniencies
of
his
Souldiery
may
be
notified
to
the
Adversary
by
any
continuance
in
their
Country
,
just
like
a
Lyon
and
a
Dragon
fighting
by
insults
or
results
,
taking
and
leaving
as
he
pleaseth
,
so
that
most
of
his
design
and
force
seems
to
lye
in
the
invasion
and
intrusive
manage
thereof
;
The
French
fury
,
and
Turkish
incursion
being
equally
terrible
and
as
as
soon
abated
,
unless
extraordinary
Fortune
and
other
concurrent
advantages
hold
them
longer
in
breath
and
prosecution
,
which
is
much
to
be
feared
in
this
present
juncture
,
and
the
condition
of
Hungary
,
from
whence
and
the
Europaean
parts
adjacent
we
will
begin
this
Survey
of
this
mighty
Empire
.
●…
clavonia
●…
escribed
.
We
will
enter
into
that
part
which
is
nearest
to
us
,
and
leads
into
the
body
of
his
Dominions
,
Sclavonia
,
divided
now
into
six
Provinces
,
bounded
on
the
East
with
Servia
,
Macedonia
and
Epirus
,
from
which
they
are
parted
by
the
river
Drinus
,
and
a
line
drawn
from
thence
unto
the
Adriatick
;
on
the
West
with
Carniola
in
Germany
and
Histria
in
the
Seigniory
of
Venice
,
from
which
last
they
are
divided
by
the
River
Arsia
;
on
the
North
with
Hungary
;
and
on
the
South
the
Adriatick
Sea
,
containing
in
length
eight
hundred
Italian
miles
,
(
the
breadth
being
325
)
those
Provinces
are
,
Windisland
,
Croatia
,
Bosnia
,
Dalmatia
,
Liburnia
or
the
County
of
Zara
,
and
Sclav●nian
Isles
.
Bosnia
described
.
Of
this
Territory
Bosnia
is
wholly
the
Turks
,
it
was
united
as
a
Kingdom
unto
Hungary
,
and
under
the
Homage
thereof
a
Kingdom
by
it self
in
1420
,
as
is
reported
;
but
as
it
was
a
Kingdom
of
a
latter
date
,
so
was
it
of
as
short
continuance
,
for
in
the
year
1464.
Mahomet
the
Great
having
taken
Constantinople
,
and
almost
all
the
rest
of
Greece
,
suddenly
surprised
and
seized
it
,
together
with
Stephen
the
last
King
thereof
,
he
most
barbarously
commanded
him
to
be
flead
alive
(
whereby
he
terrified
all
other
Pretenders
)
and
then
converted
it
to
a
Province
of
his
Empire
;
thereafter
,
and
yet
governed
by
one
of
the
principallest
of
his
Bashaws
.
DALMATIA
;
In
this
Province
,
though
the
Venetians
have
a
share
,
yet
it
is
a
very
inconsiderable
one
,
yet
it
stretches
all
North
along
the
Adriatick
Sea
or
Gulf
of
Venice
,
(
whereto
they
pretend
a
sole
dominion
and
Jurisdiction
)
for
they
pay
for
the
customs
of
all
trade
and
merchandize
,
a
certain
stipend
yearly
to
the
Turk
,
with
which
engine
it
is
thought
they
have
for
so
many
ages
held
play
with
him
being
ever
in
danger
of
a
rupture
and
war
,
but
much
against
their
wills
and
inclinations
;
The
Gr●nd
eignior
Protector
●…
f
the
●…
tate
of
●…
agusa
.
upon
the
same
account
the
Great
Turk
is
Protector
of
the
little
Commonwealth
of
Ragusa
,
very
rich
formerly
by
their
Traffick
upon
the
adjoyning
Sea
;
without
this
protection
they
had
long
ere
now
fallen
into
the
hands
of
the
Venetians
,
as
on
the
other
side
they
are
preserved
by
the
State
of
Venice
from
being
a
prey
to
their
Protector
.
So
that
it
is
the
very
parallel
of
the
State
of
Geneva
lying
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
the
French
and
Spaniard
.
This
Ragusa
,
is
the
Maritime
descent
into
Turkie
.
Bosnia
described
.
The
ISLES
(
some
of
which
belong
to
Ragusa
)
as
Curzola
or
Corcyra
,
X
Zara
and
the
rest
have
been
often
ransacked
and
pillaged
by
the
Turks
,
but
never
possessed
by
them
,
as
not
caring
for
such
remote
and
dangerous
Tenures
,
being
placed
in
a
boysterous
and
destructive
Sea
.
County
of
Zara
.
In
the
County
of
ZARA
the
Turk
hath
a
good
part
,
as
he
hath
firm
footing
in
Windischland
,
the
parts
whereof
lying
much
to
Hungary
on
the
North
and
East
,
do
groan
under
the
Bondage
of
the
Turkish
Garrisons
,
some
whereof
are
also
placed
in
Croatia
,
where
the
Turk
in
1592.
took
Whitiz
the
Metropolis
,
though
fortified
strongly
both
by
Art
and
Nature
in
the
form
of
an
sland
by
the
river
Una
,
when
contrary
to
the
Articles
of
surrender
,
he
put
all
the
Souldiers
immediately
to
the
sword
.
Now
for
better
elucidation
of
the
Turks
part
in
the
whole
we
will
sum
it
up
in
this
partition
:
The
whole
apportioned
.
The
Venetians
possess
the
greatest
part
of
the
Islands
,
and
all
the
Sea
coasts
from
the
River
Arisia
to
the
Bay
of
Cattharo
(
the
City
and
Commonwealth
of
Ragusa
only
excepted
;
the
House
of
Austria
,
as
Kings
of
Hungary
,
the
Inland
parts
of
Windischland
and
Croatia
;
and
the
Turks
who
set
footing
herein
the
reign
of
Mahomet
the
Great
,
the
whole
Kingdom
of
Bosnia
,
the
patronage
of
Ragusia
,
some
Towns
in
Windischland
and
Cr●atia
,
and
all
the
residue
of
Dalmatia
,
from
the
Bay
of
Cattaro
to
Albania
,
so
that
he
hath
the
better
half
of
this
Region
of
Sclavonia
.
Hungary
:
In
HUNGARY
it self
,
by
the
Victories
of
Solyman
the
Magnificent
,
who
(
upon
the
death
of
Lewis
the
Second
,
King
of
Hungary
,
that
lost
unfortunately
the
Battel
of
Mohatz
,
and
was
drowned
in
his
flight
)
was
called
in
by
John
Sepusio
Vayvod
of
Transilvania
,
chosen
King
by
election
of
the
States
of
Hungary
,
against
the
hereditary
claim
of
Ferdinand
Arch
Duke
of
Astria
,
&c.
such
advantage
was
made
in
the
dissention
betwixt
the
two
rival
Kings
,
that
upon
the
death
of
John
Sepusio
in
1540.
that
under
color
of
Patronage
to
Stephen
Johns
Orphan
whom
he
took
into
his
own
tuition
,
and
afterwards
deprived
(
having
deliberated
to
put
him
to
death
)
he
seized
Buda
the
Capital
City
,
with
other
Towns
,
and
from
that
time
his
successors
,
but
especially
himself
,
have
never
omitted
any
occasions
or
advantages
of
the
Christian
quarrels
to
enlarge
their
dominions
in
this
Kingdom
,
which
same
design
this
successeful
present
Emperor
hath
so
far
prosecuted
,
that
there
remains
not
to
the
Emperor
above
four
places
of
Note
and
strength
in
that
Kingdom
,
which
are
Raab
,
Comorra
,
Toskay
and
Presburgh
,
the
last
confining
upon
Austria
it self
,
while
the
whole
Country
,
Towns
and
Villages
,
even
beyond
the
limits
of
that
Realm
are
subjected
to
,
and
lye
open
to
this
barbarous
enemy
.
The
present
condition
thereof
.
So
that
most
men
conclude
,
Actum
est
de
Hungaria
,
and
give
it
over
as
a
Province
of
the
Turkish
Empire
,
to
which
it
was
in
as
forward
a
condition
after
the
battel
of
Keresture
in
1578.
when
Mahomet
the
third
took
in
Agria
,
and
making
advantage
of
the
Lutheran
innovation
in
Germany
,
which
then
divided
the
Princes
thereof
,
Battel
of
Keresture
had
swallowed
the
Conquest
,
but
was
so
near
an
utter
overthrow
himself
,
being
forced
to
forsake
the
field
in
a
most
disorderly
frightful
fight
,
in
which
with
hast
he
lost
his
Turbant
,
that
had
not
the
Christians
out
of
greediness
of
Plunder
and
Spoil
,
left
the
pursuit
scarce
begun
,
to
rifle
the
Camp
,
which
gave
the
Turks
time
and
courage
to
rally
again
,
Mahomet
had
hardly
recovered
Constantinople
:
But
by
reason
of
this
disastrous
covetousness
the
fortune
of
the
battel
was
quite
changed
,
with
such
a
diversity
,
that
as
Dr.
Heylin
elegantly
observeth
,
the
Conquerours
were
beaten
out
of
the
field
,
and
the
vanquished
ran
away
with
the
victory
.
Belgrade
.
Among
other
possessions
of
the
Turks
in
Hungary
,
before
we
depart
thence
,
Belgrade
anciently
called
Taurunum
,
or
Alba
Greca
,
once
the
possession
of
the
Despots
of
Servia
,
by
whom
it
was
consigned
to
Sigismond
King
of
Hungary
,
as
the
best
able
to
maintain
it
,
deserves
our
observation
:
it
is
seated
upon
the
confluence
of
the
Savus
and
Danow
,
by
the
former
of
which
it
is
hemmed
in
on
the
North
and
on
the
East
by
the
latter
,
it
was
heretofore
the
great
Bulwark
of
Christendom
against
the
Turks
,
who
were
often
times
worsted
and
defeated
before
it
(
especially
Amurath
the
Second
and
Mahomet
the
Great
)
but
at
last
taken
to
the
shame
of
Christendom
for
not
succouring
the
beseiged
in
time
,
by
Solyman
the
Magnificent
in
the
year
1552.
not
to
mention
some
other
principal
places
besides
these
named
,
as
Gran
or
Strigonium
,
at
the
taking
whereof
by
the
Emperor
Rodolph
,
in
the
year
1595.
〈…〉
.
Arun●…
el
of
Wardour
.
Sir
Thomas
Arundel
of
Wardour
for
forcing
the
water
Tower
,
and
bringing
thence
a
Turkish
Banner
,
was
made
a
Count
of
the
Empire
,
and
after
Lord
Wardour
of
Arundel
by
King
James
,
Alba
Regalis
,
Quinque
Ecclesio
,
Zigeth
,
Temeswar
,
Pest
Colocza
an
Arch-bishops
see
,
&c.
and
now
Newhausel
and
Novigrad
.
Dacia
.
In
DACIA
,
the
Eastern
bound
of
Hungary
,
he
is
absolute
Lord
and
Master
.
In
this
Region
are
contained
the
Provinces
of
Transylvania
,
Moldavia
,
Valachia
,
Rascia
,
Servia
and
Bulgaria
,
the
four
first
in
old
Ducia
North
of
the
Danow
,
the
two
last
in
the
new
on
the
South
side
thereof
.
Transilvania
.
Transylvania
bounded
on
the
East
with
Moldavia
,
on
the
West
with
Upper
Hungary
,
on
the
North
with
Russia
Nigra
,
on
the
South
with
Rascia
and
Valachia
,
hath
its
name
from
the
great
Woods
lying
between
it
and
Hungary
.
This
people
is
divided
into
seven
Cantons
,
keeping
their
own
laws
,
fatally
and
insensibly
betrayed
to
the
Turkish
yoak
,
by
John
Sepusio
the
Son
of
Stephen
,
Vayvod
of
Transilvania
(
which
was
the
title
in
use
before
Sigismund
Battori
,
who
stiled
himself
Prince
)
who
as
aforesaid
called
in
Solyman
:
his
Infant
Son
Stephen
was
afterwards
by
him
made
Vayvod
of
Transilvania
,
a
fine
recompence
for
his
Fathers
kindness
for
the
Turk
:
since
which
time
the
Grand
Signor
clayms
the
Investiture
of
the
Provinces
hereof
,
and
a
yearly
Tribute
,
besides
their
initiating
Bribes
and
Presents
:
The
re●…
olt
of
●…
rans●lva●…
ia
.
many
revolts
have
been
attempted
,
but
none
so
signal
as
first
,
that
of
Sigismond
Battori
,
who
defeated
several
Turkish
Armies
,
and
shook
off
the
Turkish
yoke
with
scorn
and
indignation
,
but
his
successors
have
been
forced
to
accept
of
it
again
,
and
their
Subjects
contented
to
pay
the
Tribute
,
for
which
they
enjoy
their
National
Laws
and
Liberties
of
Religion
.
Secondly
that
of
Ragotzi
in
1659.
and
1660.
who
was
likewise
very
successeful
against
the
forces
of
this
present
Sultan
,
but
he
being
wounded
in
his
last
conflict
with
them
,
was
carried
to
Varadin
,
where
he
ended
his
life
,
much
honoured
and
lamented
by
his
Subjects
.
Ragotzi
dieth
.
Varadin
which
is
one
of
the
strongest
peices
of
this
Country
,
but
Garrison'd
by
Hungarians
,
was
soon
after
taken
by
the
Visier
Bassa
,
and
the
prosecution
of
the
war
into
Hungary
from
this
Pique
hence
undertaken
,
as
from
a
neer
view
of
those
troubles
and
dangers
which
threatened
the
Empire
of
Germany
on
the
other
side
.
The
present
Prince
of
this
Country
Michael
Apaffi
,
is
wholly
at
the
Devotion
of
the
Turk
,
and
is
reciprocally
caressed
by
them
,
but
how
long
the
kindness
will
last
,
the
German
war
will
soon
determine
:
the
Transilvanians
are
most
part
of
them
Calvinists
.
Moldavia
described
.
MOLDAVIA
is
bounded
on
the
East
with
the
Sea
,
on
the
West
with
Transylvania
,
on
the
North
with
the
River
Niester
and
Podolia
a
part
of
Poland
,
and
on
the
South
with
Walachia
,
it
is
a
fruitful
Country
,
but
very
thin
of
people
,
by
reason
of
those
depopulations
made
by
Turks
,
Tartars
,
and
Cossacks
,
nevertheless
it
supplies
Constantinople
with
five
hundred
Ships
laden
yearly
wish
provision
for
Constantinople
,
it
is
in
diameter
every
way
three
hundred
miles
,
they
beleive
with
the
Greek
Church
,
and
are
tolerated
therein
like
other
Cristians
in
the
same
condition
.
Their
Vayvod
is
a
Tributary
and
Beneficiary
of
the
Grand
Seignior
,
and
is
placed
and
displaced
as
he
pleaseth
,
but
he
that
gives
most
commonly
now
adays
is
honoured
with
the
Dignity
.
The
eminentest
of
their
Princes
substituted
in
this
manner
have
been
John
the
Vayvod
about
1570.
who
gave
a
terrible
overthrow
to
the
Turks
assisted
by
Peter
the
Vayvod
of
Valachia
,
who
had
bought
,
and
now
fought
for
the
possession
of
the
Vayvod-ship
,
but
was
at
last
perfideously
murthered
by
the
Turks
1574.
The
various
attempts
of
the
Moldavians
to
recover
their
Liberty
.
when
Moldavia
submitted
to
them
,
but
was
again
wrested
from
them
forcibly
by
Aaron
the
Vayvode
,
confederate
with
Sigismond
Prince
of
Transilvania
,
whom
themselves
had
placed
,
who
being
also
again
devested
,
and
betrayed
by
Roswan
one
of
his
disloyal
and
ambitious
Subjects
,
Moldavid
sheltred
it self
under
to
the
tuition
of
the
Polanders
,
who
have
since
placed
some
Vayvods
,
but
to
their
perpetual
loss
and
trouble
,
and
then
of
Rodolphus
the
Emperor
,
but
at
last
again
it
reverted
to
the
Turk
,
who
raged
there
in
the
year
1622.
when
young
Osman
was
Emperour
,
since
which
time
the
Vayvods
have
lived
with
good
correspondence
with
the
Port
,
and
now
attend
this
expedition
of
the
Grand
Seignor
into
Germany
;
but
though
they
are
absolute
Vassals
,
yet
is
not
their
Country
quite
conquered
,
or
so
much
as
marched
over
or
throughly
traversed
by
those
Infidels
.
Valachia
described
.
VALACHIA
is
the
next
Province
,
once
one
and
the
same
with
Moldaevia
,
but
by
a
modern
distinction
defined
and
divided
from
it
by
the
name
of
Transalpina
,
a
ridge
of
Mountains
crossing
both
Countries
;
they
follow
the
Greek
Church
,
and
obey
the
Patriarch
of
Constantinople
,
whom
those
Christian
parts
of
the
world
acknowledge
as
supreme
:
but
as
their
Neighbours
are
ignorant
of
all
letters
,
and
so
the
fitter
for
the
Mahumetan
Impositions
.
It
is
in
length
five
hundred
,
in
breadth
a
hundred
and
twenty
miles
,
and
very
plentiful
of
all
things
,
the
Store-house
with
the
other
adjacent
Provinces
of
penurious
Asia
,
and
gives
credit
and
reputation
as
it
borrows
its
fertility
,
to
the
River
Ister
,
which
in
its
confines
,
and
by
the
confluence
of
other
Rivers
into
the
Danow
,
is
here
so
called
.
The
people
hereof
were
governed
by
Vayvods
of
their
own
,
till
the
Turks
invasion
made
them
seek
for
the
King
of
Hungaries
protection
,
to
whose
often
and
very
great
discomfitures
they
have
been
highly
instrumental
,
but
with
various
fortune
,
from
the
time
of
Bajazet
the
first
,
who
vanquished
their
Prince
,
and
was
himself
caged
by
Tamberlane
,
untill
this
last
age
.
Mahomets
Policy
.
It
afterwards
was
resigned
into
the
several
vicine
Princes
,
as
the
necessity
and
occasion
of
war
advised
,
still
stubborn
against
the
Turkish
yoke
,
while
the
prevailing
fortune
thereof
made
all
the
Territory
about
them
to
undergoe
it
;
yet
with
a
great
deal
less
of
slavery
then
the
rest
;
For
Mahomet
the
great
in
the
year
1642.
very
unsuccessfully
undertaking
the
entire
conquest
of
this
Country
,
wherein
he
found
more
Rocks
,
Mountains
,
and
precipices
then
humane
defence
,
prudently
declining
any
further
attempt
,
by
the
more
destructive
mines
of
Empire
,
hurled
the
state
thereof
in
to
a
Convulsive
and
distracted
Ruine
,
by
the
intestine
Divisions
of
the
two
Brothers
,
Wladus
the
Prince
,
and
Dracula
his
younger
brother
,
whose
interest
he
set
up
and
assisted
to
their
common
destruction
.
By
which
means
and
his
Auxiliarys
residence
there
.
He
was
not
to
be
disputed
with
longer
,
and
thereupon
was
acknowledged
the
Lord
of
the
Principality
under
certain
limitations
and
restrictions
to
his
supreme
power
,
which
the
neerness
of
a
continual
ayd
from
the
Christian
world
adjoyning
thereunto
induced
him
to
allow
.
We
have
spoken
of
Michael
the
Noble
Vayvod
thereof
in
1659.
who
had
in
all
probobility
by
his
singular
valour
and
generosity
freed
this
warlike
Nation
from
their
dependance
on
this
Tyrant
,
and
should
mention
the
like
bravery
of
their
late
Vayvod
in
conjunction
with
Regotski
,
but
the
urgent
Fate
of
the
Empire
would
not
not
have
those
petit
struglings
to
bear
any
part
in
her
general
calamity
;
yea
,
hath
suffered
those
puny
and
indifferent
limbs
of
Christianity
to
be
monstrously
turned
into
Arms
against
her
,
and
to
assist
the
barbarous
violences
that
now
oppress
and
ravage
the
Austrian
Dominions
,
Moldavia
a
very
expensive
conquest
.
yet
have
the
Turks
got
nothing
in
this
conquest
but
a
safe
Retreat
,
which
hath
cost
them
five
times
the
money
they
will
ever
make
of
it
,
were
it
not
that
there
assurances
of
our
divisions
will
one
day
quit
their
expence
,
as
otherwise
,
which
God
for
his
mercy
vouchsafe
,
it
is
now
and
may
prove
to
be
able
to
pay
his
score
,
if
once
he
turns
his
back
to
the
face
of
a
competent
and
couragious
Christian
Army
.
Rascia
.
RASCIA
is
bounded
on
the
East
with
Valachia
,
on
the
West
with
Hungaria
,
on
the
North
with
Transilvania
,
on
the
South
with
the
River
Danow
,
and
on
the
East
divided
from
Valaohia
,
by
the
River
Aluta
.
The
people
hereof
are
so
wretched
that
they
have
lost
their
very
name
,
not
a
Gentleman
surviving
this
depression
,
they
have
been
linked
into
the
Government
of
their
Neighbours
,
but
now
scarce
know
any
body
but
their
Tyrannical
Masters
,
to
whom
they
do
excellent
service
,
when
this
natural
courage
which
like
Brutes
they
retain
,
is
emulously
provoked
by
other
more
barbarous
Nations
.
Unjust
&
indiscreet
ambition
deservedly
punished
.
By
their
union
with
Servia
they
tasted
of
the
same
fortune
,
and
were
subjugated
by
the
glorious
Amurath
the
second
,
at
the
time
that
those
Despots
(
who
had
unjustly
vanquished
this
people
)
were
captivated
themselves
.
Fate
shewing
herein
,
how
desperate
a
folly
it
is
for
Princes
or
(
to
descend
to
)
private
men
,
to
undertake
any
unjust
,
though
advantageous
design
upon
another
,
while
there
is
a
Superior
Enemy
thereby
invited
to
the
umpirage
of
the
quarrel
.
These
Rascians
do
yet
so
retain
their
primitive
hatred
against
the
Turks
,
that
upon
all
occasions
they
have
been
ready
to
wreak
themselves
,
but
to
very
little
purpose
,
more
then
to
show
their
more
noble
extract
and
ancestry
.
The
three
Provinces
mentioned
before
Rascia
,
do
and
have
enjoyed
more
liberty
then
any
people
under
the
Turkish
Dominions
,
because
first
the
Turk
hath
not
Colonies
to
plant
them
,
being
not
so
numerous
as
his
Armys
speak
him
for
all
his
Polygamy
,
and
secondly
because
their
often
overthrows
(
as
they
have
infeebled
their
Natives
,
and
in
their
long
resistance
desolated
the
Country
,
so
that
a
man
cannot
find
an
Inn
or
Harbour
in
a
days
riding
)
have
disheartn'd
an
expedition
on
purpose
,
Mahomet
the
Great
,
who
first
attempted
them
,
saying
in
great
anger
that
he
came
not
to
fight
with
Beasts
,
or
which
was
more
unequal
against
Nature
it self
,
who
had
by
so
many
abrupt
or
uncouth
ways
hindred
the
progress
of
his
most
industrious
and
eager
Ambition
,
which
his
successors
notwithstanding
from
that
kind
of
precarious
Soverainty
have
improved
into
an
awful
submission
,
and
address
to
the
Port
with
two
hundred
thousand
Chequins
yearly
,
which
makes
some
45.
thousand
pound
sterling
besides
the
Fees
and
Presents
of
the
respective
Princes
.
But
what
their
condition
is
now
like
to
be
,
the
event
of
this
present
enterprise
will
best
declare
,
but
as
now
they
are
not
fit
for
,
or
else
not
worth
his
fury
,
onely
miserable
Rascia
,
not
honoured
with
a
Governour
,
suffers
all
extremity
.
And
so
we
must
pass
the
Danow
to
its
Southern
shore
,
the
two
Kingdomes
,
or
despotical
Provinces
of
SERVIA
and
BULGARIA
.
Servia
surveyed
.
SERVIA
is
bounded
on
the
East
with
Bulgaria
,
on
the
West
with
Bosnia
,
on
the
North
with
the
Danubius
,
on
the
South
with
Albania
and
part
of
Macedon
,
a
rich
and
fruitful
country
for
grain
and
gain
,
concealed
in
the
repositories
of
several
mines
of
Gold
and
Silver
,
and
therefore
much
peopled
by
the
Turks
after
their
general
Excision
and
Massacre
(
in
a
manner
)
of
the
Christian
Inhabitants
by
Amurath
in
the
year
1367.
Mahomet
the
great
seizeth
it
.
when
he
took
Nissa
their
Capital
City
,
and
Key
of
the
Country
,
in
revenge
of
their
Despots
assisting
the
Hungarians
in
the
siege
of
Adrianople
,
but
after
the
death
of
Lazarus
the
last
Despot
,
Mahomet
the
Great
not
satisfied
with
a
Tribute
which
Amurath
had
imposed
,
dispossessed
his
three
Orphans
Peter
,
John
,
and
Martyn
(
who
fled
to
the
Hungarian
protection
)
in
title
of
Lazarus
s
two
other
brothers
who
craved
his
assistance
,
and
thereby
with
dread
and
Terror
destroyed
most
of
the
Natives
,
by
empaling
,
gaunching
,
fleaing
,
and
all
other
devices
of
Torture
,
so
that
he
quickly
tamed
their
courage
,
and
made
them
the
second
province
of
the
Eastern
,
or
Greek
Europe
,
that
acknowledged
and
humbled
it self
to
his
Conquest
and
Dominion
,
in
the
year
1460.
Bulgaria
discribed
.
BULGARIA
is
bounded
on
the
East
with
the
Euxine
Sea
,
West
with
Servia
,
on
the
North
with
the
River
Danow
,
which
is
here
called
Ister
,
and
on
the
South
with
Thrace
.
It
was
governed
by
Kings
till
Amurath
the
first
reduced
it
by
his
Arms
,
(
and
the
abject
submission
of
Sasmenos
the
last
Prince
,
who
humbled
himself
in
a
winding
sheet
before
that
Tyrant
in
1369.
)
after
by
Bajazet
his
Son
,
not
content
therewith
,
made
a
Province
under
the
absolute
Government
of
the
Turks
;
who
in
Nicopolis
,
Sophia
and
Silistria
have
three
Sanjacks
,
or
Major
Generals
under
the
command
of
the
Beglerbeg
,
or
Viceroy
of
Greece
.
It
is
a
mountainous
and
woody
Country
,
the
Plains
thereof
being
thick
Planted
with
tall
Tree
,
so
that
it
furnisheth
Constantinople
with
fewel
,
and
is
a
good
defence
against
any
sudden
irruptions
into
the
more
inward
part
of
Romania
;
famous
for
the
many
Battels
fought
herein
by
Trajan
the
Emperor
,
who
built
Nicopolis
,
interpreted
The
City
of
Victory
,
in
memory
of
his
Conquest
of
Dacia
,
and
by
modern
Potentates
,
Sigismond
Emperor
and
Bajazet
the
first
which
was
fatal
to
the
Christians
,
and
Michael
the
brave
Vayvod
of
Valachia
against
Mahomet
the
third
as
calamitous
and
destructive
to
the
Turks
.
Not
to
mention
the
plains
of
Cossova
,
where
Miles
Cobelitz
,
a
private
Souldier
rising
from
among
the
dead
,
slew
Amurath
the
first
:
and
for
that
three
days
incounter
betwixt
Huniades
and
Amurath
the
second
,
both
of
them
with
the
adversest
fortune
that
Christians
ever
fought
with
;
which
is
to
this
day
alledged
as
an
argument
against
any
Invasion
upon
the
Mahumetan
Territory
,
how
fondly
,
the
encroachments
of
that
enemy
so
many
miles
upon
Christian
ground
doth
sadly
evince
.
And
so
we
have
finished
the
survey
of
Dacia
,
sometimes
possessed
by
the
Romans
,
afterwards
by
the
Seythians
,
then
by
the
Greek
Emperors
,
and
lastly
swallowed
by
the
Turks
,
who
keep
it
so
fettered
,
that
it
will
hardly
know
another
Master
.
Mount
Haemus
.
Our
next
aspect
tends
towards
Grecia
;
but
in
our
way
thither
we
must
pass
over
Mount
Haemus
,
so
high
and
open
to
the
weather
,
that
it
is
said
of
it
,
that
for
eight
months
in
the
year
it
is
always
cold
,
for
the
other
four
winter
.
There
are
but
two
passes
,
and
those
thought
so
impregnable
by
their
abruptness
,
that
with
little
desence
they
are
the
invincible
security
of
the
Turkish
Dominion
on
the
other
side
,
as
Huniades
in
his
expedition
to
the
seige
of
Hadrianople
sadly
experimented
;
but
our
Survey
shall
have
leave
and
license
to
descend
.
Graecia
.
GRECIA
thus
entertains
our
sight
,
which
from
the
glorious
and
most
noble
structure
of
Empire
,
in
the
third
universal
Monarchy
,
a
bridged
afterwards
by
civil
Fate
,
and
the
unwilling
disrespect
of
time
,
into
the
Empire
of
the
East
,
is
crept
into
most
petty
and
despised
Cantons
of
this
barbarous
Signiory
,
cut
out
and
partitioned
under
the
commands
of
several
inferiors
,
but
most
cruel
Governors
,
all
subjected
to
the
Beglerbeg
of
Romania
,
so
called
by
us
,
but
by
them
Rum
Ili
.
In
the
present
Latitude
&
extent
thereof
it
is
bounded
on
the
East
with
the
Propontick
,
Hellespont
,
and
Aegean
Seas
,
on
the
West
with
the
Adriatick
,
on
the
North
with
Mount
Haemus
,
which
parteth
it
from
Bulgaria
,
Servia
,
and
part
of
Illyrium
,
on
the
South
with
the
Sea
Jonian
,
so
that
it
is
in
a
manner
a
Peninsula
or
Demy
Island
,
environ'd
on
three
sides
by
the
sea
,
and
on
the
fourth
with
the
rest
of
Europe
.
To
give
precedency
to
Christianity
in
the
brief
description
of
this
Region
,
it
will
be
satisfactory
to
give
a
little
account
of
the
Greek
Church
,
(
before-hand
)
in
this
part
.
The
Patriarch
of
Constantinople
,
who
was
reckoned
the
last
in
order
&
dignity
,
is
now
notwithstanding
the
principal
&
chief
of
all
,
in
point
of
latitude
and
power
,
which
hath
engrossed
the
most
concerning
affairs
of
the
Church
to
it self
,
for
he
presides
over
all
Greece
,
Russia
,
Dacia
,
Sclavonia
,
part
of
Poland
,
and
all
the
Islands
in
the
Adratique
adjacent
Seas
,
which
extent
of
jurisdiction
confined
at
first
within
Thrace
,
was
acquired
by
the
reputation
of
the
Imperial
City
for
his
See
,
and
the
diligence
and
piety
of
their
Bishops
in
conversing
and
supplying
the
Russes
and
other
Nations
with
Pastors
and
Ministers
in
such
parts
,
which
being
conquered
by
the
Turk
,
were
forsaken
by
their
Clergy
,
but
such
is
the
poor
and
despised
condition
thereof
,
that
there
is
little
power
of
Christian
Religion
.
And
though
it
be
enlarged
in
the
outward
Members
it
is
much
impaired
at
home
,
by
the
Tyranny
of
the
Turks
(
who
educate
their
Children
in
Mahumetanisme
)
on
the
one
hand
,
and
the
Temptations
of
preferment
unto
Apostacy
in
the
other
,
yet
there
are
twenty
Churches
of
them
in
Constantinople
,
and
at
Salonica
,
formerly
Thessalonica
thirty
,
which
freely
enjoy
the
profession
of
their
faith
.
To
return
to
Greece
thus
Turkified
,
it
will
be
an
unnecessary
insignificant
labour
to
trouble
the
Reader
with
those
several
names
,
and
particular
numerous
Governments
thereof
in
former
ages
,
when
it
produced
the
most
martial
and
learned
men
,
whose
Ghosts
would
wish
for
annihilation
at
sight
of
the
disgrace
and
ignominy
of
this
their
wretched
posterity
,
we
pass
over
the
particular
Dominions
of
old
Sicyon
,
of
Eli
,
Messenia
,
Sparta
,
Athens
,
now
called
Selina
(
and
is
but
an
ordinary
Burrough
taken
by
Mahomet
the
great
in
1440.
when
some
beauty
of
it
remained
,
)
and
in
a
general
manner
,
since
all
limits
of
them
are
confounded
in
this
barbarous
subjection
under
the
Grand
Signior
,
and
speak
of
those
more
noted
places
thereof
,
as
they
now
pass
under
the
name
of
Romania
and
are
,
Governed
by
one
Viceroy
as
their
supreme
commander
,
termed
Beglerbeg
,
of
whom
before
a
little
;
The
next
temporal
Dignity
in
this
Empire
to
the
Prime
or
Grand
Visier
,
as
commanding
the
strength
and
flower
thereof
,
as
to
its
Martial
and
military
Puissance
.
The
descriPtion
of
Romania
.
TURKEY
ROMANIA
.
And
now
that
we
have
for
brevities
sake
run
over
the
Western
Provinces
of
this
mighty
,
rich
,
and
dreadful
Potentate
,
we
will
in
some
sort
relate
to
the
pleasure
of
the
Reader
,
many
the
particulars
of
those
good
and
ancient
regions
which
at
this
day
this
Saraeenical
Nation
termeth
by
the
name
of
Romania
,
so
called
,
either
for
the
many
Roman
Colonies
planted
there
,
or
for
the
former
name
of
Constantinople
called
Nova
Roma
.
This
Romania
at
this
day
is
the
most
populous
and
delectablest
part
of
the
Turkish
Empire
,
and
containeth
the
Provinces
of
Thrace
,
with
it
's
Chersonese
,
vulgarly
the
straight
of
Callipolis
,
Macedon
,
Epire
now
Albania
,
Achaia
now
Livadia
,
P●loponesus
now
Morea
,
and
the
Island
of
the
Archipelago
.
The
Vicissitudes
of
the
Grecian
Government
.
Until
the
coming
of
Cyrus
King
of
Persia
these
Provinces
remained
in
freedom
,
but
of
all
others
he
first
gave
them
the
yoke
of
subjection
.
After
him
Xerxes
the
Son
of
Darius
,
with
the
succeding
Princes
of
Persia
did
no
less
afflict
them
.
When
their
turn
was
past
,
Philip
King
of
Macedon
acted
his
part
,
and
united
them
under
his
own
Dominion
,
until
the
days
of
Perseus
,
whom
the
Romans
subdued
and
subjected
.
But
the
Roman
Empire
being
divided
into
the
East
and
West
,
the
Graecians
began
their
Empire
under
Constantine
the
Great
,
and
Ruled
honourably
many
ages
,
until
the
discent
,
first
of
the
Goths
,
secondly
of
the
Bulgares
,
thirdly
of
the
Saracens
,
and
lastly
of
the
Turks
,
who
slew
their
Emperor
;
and
seized
on
the
Empire
.
Who
at
this
day
(
except
some
relicks
remaining
under
the
Venetian
Dominions
,
)
possess
the
greatest
part
thereof
,
as
well
upon
the
continent
as
in
the
Islands
.
The
Condition
of
the
Greeks
Those
that
are
under
the
Venetian
jurisdiction
(
saith
Bellonius
)
little
differ
,
especially
in
Religion
,
from
those
that
are
tributary
to
the
Turk
:
for
both
sorts
being
mingled
,
those
that
are
subject
to
the
Turks
,
live
like
Turks
;
and
those
that
live
under
the
Venetians
,
do
as
do
the
Venetians
.
So
unspeakable
is
the
rudeness
of
either
,
that
through
all
their
Cities
you
shall
not
find
a
School
to
instruct
their
youth
.
Promiscuously
all
speak
the
Greek
tongue
corrupted
from
the
ancient
,
but
some
better
then
others
.
The
Burghers
,
subject
to
the
Italians
,
speak
Italian
as
well
as
Greek
,
but
the
Villageois
altogether
Greek
.
And
so
the
Graecians
,
which
are
subject
to
the
Turk
,
in
Cities
speak
Turkish
and
Greek
,
the
Villageois
onely
Greek
,
and
in
places
of
traffique
they
borrow
one
from
another
,
according
as
their
business
is
with
those
whom
they
Negotiate
.
And
as
they
differ
in
language
,
so
do
they
in
attire
.
Those
that
serve
the
Venetians
go
apparelled
like
Venetians
,
those
that
live
under
the
Turk
,
like
Turks
.
Both
the
Islanders
and
those
that
live
on
the
continent
as
well
in
Europe
as
Asia
,
although
subject
to
Turky
,
keep
their
ancient
Christian
faith
.
Long
also
they
rejected
the
primacy
of
the
Latine
Church
,
and
elected
to
themselves
patriarchs
,
whom
they
acknowledge
for
their
chief
pastors
,
and
appointed
them
several
sees
.
Whom
not
onely
the
Grecians
thus
obey
,
but
likewise
all
those
Provinces
which
follow
the
Greek
Church
,
as
Circassia
,
Walachia
,
Bulgaria
,
Moscovia
,
Russia
,
the
better
part
of
Polonia
,
Mangrelia
,
Bosnia
,
Albania
,
Sclavonia
,
some
part
of
Tartary
,
Sirtia
,
Croatia
,
and
generally
all
the
Provinces
of
the
Euxin
Sea
.
In
number
they
are
four
,
viz.
the
Patriarchs
of
Constantinople
,
Alexandria
,
Jerusalem
,
and
Antioch
.
The
Gree●…
Patriarchs●…
Of
these
,
the
Patriarch
of
Constantinople
is
the
Primat
,
sitteth
in
Constantinople
,
and
chiefly
moderateth
over
the
Caloieri
(
so
are
the
Greek
Priests
termed
)
which
reside
in
Mount
Athos
,
and
generally
over
all
Christians
,
professing
the
ritts
of
the
Greek
Church
throughout
Europe
;
and
for
the
Monasteries
of
Mount
Athos
,
and
all
other
,
dispersed
over
Europe
,
he
payeth
the
Turk
yearly
12000.
ducats
.
The
Patriarch
of
Alexandria
moderateth
in
Aegypt
and
Arabia
,
and
his
dwelling
places
in
Memphis
and
Cair
,
are
not
much
inferior
to
his
of
Constantinople
.
The
Patriarch
of
Jerusalem
,
absolutely
moderateth
in
Judea
,
and
over
all
professors
of
the
Greek
Religion
throughout
Siria
.
And
must
of
necessity
every
year
on
the
15.
of
August
,
say
Mass
in
the
Monastery
scituated
upon
Mount
Libanus
.
The
Patriarch
of
Antioch
presideth
in
the
Monasteries
and
the
Greek
Churches
,
which
are
in
Beritus
,
Tripolis
,
Haleb
,
and
other
places
of
Asia
.
And
in
these
places
,
as
in
all
other
,
the
Turk
permitteth
the
Christians
to
use
their
consciences
freely
,
so
they
perform
their
due
and
accustomed
tributes
.
To
proceed
,
Thrace
d●scribed
.
THRACE
hath
on
the
East
the
Euxine
Sea
,
the
Thracian
Bosphorus
,
Propontis
,
and
Hellespont
:
on
the
North
the
Mount
Haemus
,
upon
the
West
the
higher
Mista
,
and
part
of
Macedon
,
on
the
South
the
Archipelago
.
It
is
a
most
Noble
Province
,
cold
,
plain
and
admirably
populous
,
stored
with
grain
,
pulse
and
excellent
wine
,
towards
the
Sea-side
:
but
towards
the
up-land
(
lying
more
subject
to
cold
)
it
is
not
so
fertile
nor
wooddy
.
In
it
stands
many
goodly
Cities
Philipopolis
,
Nicopolis
,
Sophia
,
Hadrianopolis
,
the
former
Regal
Seat
of
the
Turkish
Kings
,
taken
by
Amurath
the
first
,
and
beautified
with
a
famous
Seraglia
.
The
Town
is
seated
very
pleasantly
,
and
was
built
by
Hadrian
the
Emperour
,
whose
name
it
retayns
,
it
is
now
the
usual
retreat
of
this
Grand
Signior
,
and
where
at
present
he
abides
for
its
vicinity
to
his
affayrs
in
Hungary
.
Pera
by
others
called
Galata
,
once
peopled
by
the
Genoese
,
as
the
Mart
and
Factory
of
that
State
taken
by
Mahomet
in
1653.
but
still
replenished
with
Christian
Merchants
and
Artificers
.
Description
of
the
famous
City
of
Constantinople
.
But
above
all
other
Constantinopolis
,
by
Heaven
erected
to
he
the
head
of
an
Empire
;
as
the
onely
seat
which
Romans
,
Greeks
,
and
now
the
Turks
,
have
chosen
and
reputed
to
be
most
commodiously
seated
,
not
for
the
Government
onely
of
the
Empire
,
but
(
as
was
before
generally
mentioned
)
of
the
whole
world
.
Constinople
described
.
By
its
first
Founders
name
it
was
called
Byzantium
,
and
after
many
various
turns
of
Fortune
betwixt
the
Persian
and
Spartans
,
it
setled
at
last
under
the
Roman
Empire
,
by
the
Conquest
of
Severus
,
who
sacked
it
after
three
years
siege
,
for
their
partaking
with
Niger
his
Competitor
,
but
yet
such
Majesty
remained
in
the
very
ruines
,
that
Herodian
reports
,
not
without
favour
and
pity
thereof
,
Mirabantur
homines
utrum
eorum
qui
primi
Extruxerunt
vel
eorum
qui
deinceps
sunt
demoliti
vires
essent
potiores
;
it
was
wondred
at
,
whether
the
strength
of
the
Founders
,
or
the
Destroyers
was
greatest
.
From
this
Rubbish
it
was
reared
and
reedified
by
Constantine
the
Great
,
and
finished
May
11.
331.
and
endowed
with
the
Priviledges
of
Rome
,
and
called
for
that
reason
Nova
Roma
for
some
short
times
,
but
in
memory
of
its
raiser
,
afterwards
Constantinople
.
It
continued
in
this
state
under
the
Eastern
Empire
1100.
years
and
upwards
,
till
an
unfortunate
Constantine
sirnamed
Palaeologus
,
lost
it
to
Mahomet
the
Great
,
A.
D.
1453.
by
the
base
covetousness
of
the
Citizens
,
who
would
not
for
their
own
defence
supply
the
Emperor
with
money
.
It
is
eighteen
miles
in
compass
,
by
which
computation
it
is
one
third
part
bigger
then
London
and
the
Suburbs
,
it
is
said
to
contain
seven
hundred
thousand
souls
,
and
would
be
much
more
populous
were
it
not
for
the
plague
,
whose
Triennial
mischief
destroyeth
multitudes
,
it
is
fortified
toward
the
Land
with
three
strong
and
high
walls
,
the
one
higher
then
the
other
,
but
towards
the
sea
with
one
onely
built
with
many
Turrets
,
which
strongly
flanker
it
.
It
yeilds
a
pleasant
prospect
a
far
off
,
by
reason
of
the
many
Groves
and
Gardens
within
it
,
but
is
meanly
built
,
the
Houses
but
two
stories
high
,
some
of
course
Stone
,
the
rest
of
Timber
,
rough
and
ungarnished
;
there
are
in
it
8000.
Mosques
or
Churches
,
which
are
the
beauty
of
the
City
,
the
chief
of
them
,
and
worthy
of
remarque
is
that
of
St.
Sophia
,
which
in
elegancy
,
though
not
in
bulk
exceeds
all
the
Fabricks
of
the
World
,
the
sides
and
floor
flagged
with
Marble
,
with
a
stately
Porch
at
the
entrance
:
add
hereunto
the
Sepulchral
Mosques
of
the
Turkish
Sultans
,
which
are
very
sumptuous
,
together
with
the
Seraglio
,
built
all
of
white
Marble
,
round
in
form
,
and
crowned
at
the
top
with
shining
golden
Spires
:
not
to
omit
the
Mosque
of
Solyman
the
magnificent
,
one
of
the
present
wonders
of
the
world
.
But
Constantinople
which
is
seated
upon
seven
Hills
and
Mountains
,
as
well
as
Rome
,
is
better
furnished
with
a
Port
and
Haven
,
so
convenient
and
advantageous
to
shipping
,
and
so
commodiously
seated
upon
the
Thracian
Bosphorus
,
that
Ships
of
all
burdens
,
and
with
all
winds
may
come
close
to
the
walls
,
the
water
is
so
deep
.
As
to
the
Seraglio
it
standeth
on
one
of
the
seven
Hills
in
the
Northeast
quarter
of
the
City
,
like
a
Delta
two
Angles
of
it
aspect
the
Sea
,
which
affords
it
a
most
pleasant
speculation
,
the
other
is
joyned
by
a
wall
to
the
City
,
towards
which
it
hath
one
gate
onely
;
the
other
gates
are
never
opened
but
for
the
private
pleasures
of
the
Grand
Seignior
,
or
his
displeasure
to
be
executed
by
the
death
of
some
of
his
Officers
and
Bashaws
;
it
contains
three
Courts
,
one
within
another
,
the
first
is
open
to
all
persons
,
in
the
second
sits
the
Divan
or
Courts
of
Justice
,
into
which
no
man
comes
on
Horseback
,
the
third
is
the
Mansion
and
privacy
of
the
Grand
Signor
and
his
women
,
it
is
three
miles
in
circuit
,
in
which
are
contained
many
delightful
Groves
of
Cypresses
,
intermixed
with
Plains
,
delicate
Gardens
,
Artificial
Fountains
,
Banquetting
Turrets
,
and
Prospect
Rooms
,
with
a
most
magnificent
audience
Chamber
for
Ambassadors
,
floored
with
embroydered
Velvet
seamed
with
Pearl
and
other
Jewels
.
I
have
the
longer
insisted
on
this
place
,
because
as
the
mistress
of
the
World
she
draws
all
eyes
upon
her
,
and
therefore
it
is
fit
to
dress
her
in
those
Ornaments
which
she
usually
wears
,
and
do
become
her
greatness
.
Callipolis
,
is
another
famous
portion
thereof
,
seated
on
the
Northern
promontory
of
Chersonese
,
the
first
City
of
note
possessed
by
the
Turks
in
Europe
,
taken
in
the
reign
of
Orchanes
in
1358.
from
whence
they
easily
spread
their
conquest
over
the
adjacent
Provinces
,
it
is
the
most
convenient
passage
between
Europe
and
Asia
,
by
reason
of
the
safe
harbour
and
good
anchorage
.
Macedon
described
.
Next
followeth
MACEDON
,
bounded
on
the
East
with
the
Aegaean
Sea
,
on
the
West
with
Albania
,
on
the
North
with
Mysia
superiour
,
and
on
the
South
with
Epyrus
,
and
Achaia
,
is
is
now
principally
divided
into
Thessaly
(
a
sweet
and
delectable
Country
)
Macedon
specially
so
called
,
and
Migdonia
by
the
Turks
called
Iamboli
.
It
is
a
fertile
region
inclosed
with
Hills
,
and
neer
the
Jonian
Sea
,
plain
and
woody
.
That
it
was
once
the
Empress
of
the
East
,
it
is
well
known
,
but
at
this
day
it
is
Turkish
,
and
without
any
famous
Cities
,
save
in
a
peice
of
Albania
.
Mount
Athos
.
In
it
is
nothing
so
memorable
as
the
Mount
Athos
,
or
holy
mount
.
It
is
seventy
five
miles
in
compass
,
three
days
journey
long
,
and
half
a
days
journey
broad
,
resembling
the
shape
of
a
man
lying
with
his
face
upward
,
whose
highest
cone
,
always
covered
with
Snow
,
is
seen
thirty
miles
of
at
Sea
.
It
is
exceeeding
fertile
in
Grass
,
Fruit
,
Oyl
,
and
wine
.
Priviledge
of
Greek
Priests
.
Long
ago
it
was
dedicated
in
honour
of
St.
Basil
to
the
Greek
Caloieri
,
and
endowed
with
priviledges
,
which
at
this
day
it
enjoyeth
by
the
Turks
good
favour
;
that
is
to
say
,
that
no
man
neither
Grecian
nor
Turk
may
inhabit
in
this
place
except
he
be
a
Priest
.
So
that
their
number
in
these
days
are
about
six
thousand
,
dispersed
into
twenty
four
Monasteries
,
auncient
and
warlike
,
built
for
fear
of
Theeves
and
Pyrats
,
although
there
be
no
such
great
cause
.
In
these
Monasteries
are
many
reliques
,
which
cause
great
concourse
of
people
,
and
they
are
stately
built
,
and
richly
adorned
.
This
was
made
a
Roman
Province
in
the
year
of
the
world
3798.
after
the
Captivity
of
their
last
King
Perseus
,
and
was
upon
the
division
of
that
Empire
to
East
and
West
,
consigned
to
the
Eastern
,
to
which
it
continued
subjected
till
Amurath
rent
it
from
that
Dominion
by
taking
Thessalonica
,
it
is
now
governed
by
a
Sanjack
,
who
is
bound
to
maintain
100
horse
,
and
to
finde
400
more
upon
an
Expedition
.
Epirus
.
Epire
,
now
Albania
,
was
once
a
very
famous
Province
,
bounded
on
the
East
with
that
part
of
Greece
called
Aetolia
,
on
the
West
with
the
Adriatick
,
on
the
North
with
Thessaly
,
Macedon
and
part
of
Albania
,
and
on
the
South
with
the
Jonian
Sea
;
as
witnesseth
P.
Aemilius
,
it
had
in
it
seventy
Cities
,
now
destroyed
,
and
turned
into
ruines
,
and
Villages
meanly
inhabited
.
For
the
most
part
it
is
woody
and
barren
,
but
near
the
Sea
fertile
and
adorned
with
very
beautiful
havens
.
This
Country
was
formerly
famous
for
Olimpias
the
Mother
of
Al●xander
the
Great
and
Pyrrhus
that
great
Captain
among
the
Romans
,
but
modernly
as
much
renowned
for
the
unexemplary
valour
and
conduct
of
Scanderbeg
or
Scanderbegs
renown
.
Lord
Alexander
,
who
proved
a
scourge
to
the
Turks
in
the
reigns
of
Amurath
the
second
,
and
Mahomet
the
first
,
his
bones
after
his
death
taken
up
,
were
worn
by
this
rude
enemy
about
them
,
as
an
omen
or
pledge
of
success
and
victory
whomsoever
they
engaged
with
.
Achaia
,
mentioned
for
its
name
in
Scripture
,
is
a
very
goodly
region
,
as
may
be
gathered
by
the
goodly
Cities
,
which
therein
once
flourished
(
viz.
)
Delphos
,
Thebs
,
Athens
,
Megara
and
many
more
,
now
destroyed
.
So
is
Peloponesus
;
termed
by
Pliny
the
Bulwark
of
Greece
.
It
yeildeth
all
things
that
man
can
desire
either
for
life
or
pleasure
and
although
the
ancient
Cities
be
now
defaced
,
yet
is
for
quantity
the
best
peopled
part
of
Greece
.
It
is
now
under
the
Turk
,
and
counted
the
best
Sang●ackship
in
Turky
,
as
bound
to
bring
at
the
command
of
the
Beglerbeg
of
Greece
1000
horsemen
under
his
own
pay
.
It
is
worth
yearly
fourteen
thousand
ducats
.
Dardanels
.
And
so
we
pass
to
the
Isles
of
the
adjoyning
Aegean
Sea
,
which
are
many
in
number
,
saluting
first
the
Dardanels
or
the
two
Blockhouses
,
where
all
vessels
passing
out
of
the
Hellespont
into
this
Sea
(
which
extends
forty
miles
in
length
)
are
staid
three
days
for
slaves
and
other
prohibited
merchandizes
,
or
until
information
of
any
such
may
come
from
Constantinople
,
they
are
exceedingly
well
walled
,
fortified
and
provided
,
they
receive
the
customs
,
and
are
the
principal
strength
of
that
City
,
as
to
the
Mediterranean
(
as
it
is
defended
with
the
two
black
Towers
(
the
Prison
for
the
Bashaws
and
great
persons
)
at
the
mouth
of
the
Euxine
,
where
it
joyns
with
the
Thracian
Bosphorus
,
the
one
of
which
is
scited
above
Constantinople
on
Europe
side
,
and
the
other
on
the
Asian
shore
.
The
Aegeaan
Isslaups
.
These
Aegaean
Islands
are
thus
named
Samothrace
,
Thassus
,
Imbrus
,
Lemnos
,
famous
for
the
late
contest
in
1660
between
the
Turks
and
Venetians
about
it
,
Euboea
circuiting
a
hundred
and
fifty
miles
in
which
stands
the
famous
City
known
by
the
Gulf
of
Negropont
,
taken
from
the
Venetians
(
to
whom
with
other
things
it
fell
in
the
division
of
the
Eastern
Empire
unto
the
Latins
)
by
Mahomet
the
Great
in
1471.
with
the
loss
of
forty
thousand
men
.
Salamis
,
Aegina
,
the
Cyclades
,
in
number
fifty
three
,
called
now
the
Isles
of
the
Arches
,
encompassing
Delos
and
the
Sporades
.
Candia
descr●bed
.
Next
we
should
veiw
the
Isles
of
the
Cretan
Sea
,
but
they
being
inconsiderable
we
will
mention
only
Candia
,
in
form
extending
East
and
West
,
in
length
two
hundred
and
seventy
,
and
in
breadth
fifty
miles
,
placed
in
the
midst
of
this
Sea
,
the
Natives
speak
the
Greek
Language
,
and
before
the
Turks
put
foot
there
,
were
governed
by
Latine
Bishops
of
the
Church
of
Rome
,
to
which
the
Venetians
,
then
the
Lords
of
it
,
do
adhere
.
It
hath
been
attempted
by
Selymus
the
second
in
1571.
when
he
conquered
Cyprus
,
but
in
vain
,
yet
Ibrahim
the
father
of
this
Sultan
,
gained
footing
there
some
few
years
ago
,
and
this
is
like
when
he
shall
be
at
leisure
,
unless
the
Venetians
improve
his
absence
in
Hungaria
,
to
carry
it
all
;
for
of
late
he
hath
been
very
successful
there
against
all
the
power
they
can
make
,
and
is
at
present
possessed
of
the
better
half
,
so
that
he
must
be
reckoned
as
more
interested
then
the
Venetian
.
The
Jonian
Isles
as
pertaining
to
their
Seigniory
,
we
are
not
obliged
to
mention
here
,
though
they
stood
in
great
danger
of
changing
their
Master
.
Rhodes
.
From
hence
as
we
descend
to
the
bottom
of
the
straights
appears
the
Island
of
Rhodes
,
(
which
we
must
observe
in
our
way
to
the
Isle
of
Cyprus
,
and
so
to
Egypt
)
famous
in
former
times
for
the
potent
residence
of
the
Knights
of
the
order
of
St.
John
of
Jerusalem
,
who
deserted
by
the
Christian
Princes
were
forced
to
yeild
it
in
the
Grand
mastership
of
Villerius
,
to
Solyman
the
Magnificent
,
not
more
to
the
scandal
then
detriment
of
Christianity
,
but
this
is
so
notorious
that
I
must
not
enlarger
my self
.
Cyprus
.
Cyprus
is
situated
in
the
Syrian
,
and
Cilician
Seas
,
extended
in
length
from
East
to
West
two
hundred
miles
,
in
breadth
sixty
,
the
whole
Compass
reckoned
five
hundred
and
fifty
,
and
distant
from
Cilicia
,
in
Asia
minor
some
sixty
miles
,
it
is
a
rich
and
fertile
Kingdom
,
and
hath
in
it
twelve
eminent
Cities
,
but
the
most
famous
are
those
two
of
Nicosia
and
Famagusta
,
the
last
whereof
was
gallantly
maintained
by
Signor
Bragadino
Governour
of
the
Island
,
for
the
Venetians
:
The
barbarous
conquest
of
Cyprus
.
who
being
in
despair
of
releif
,
yeilded
the
Town
,
and
consequently
the
Kingdom
upon
honourable
.
A●ticles
to
Mustapha
,
Selymusses
General
,
but
was
barbarously
fleaed
alive
,
and
all
persons
of
quality
murdered
besides
,
onely
a
beautiful
Lady
reserved
for
the
lust
of
the
Grand
Signior
,
(
with
some
other
Prisoners
)
in
their
voyage
to
Constantinople
blew
her self
,
Ship
and
company
into
the
Ayr
,
and
worthily
preserved
and
transmitted
her
honour
to
after
ages
inviolate
.
And
so
we
pass
to
Syria
.
SYRIA
is
bounded
on
the
South
with
Palestina
,
and
some
parts
of
Arabia
,
on
the
West
with
the
Mediterranean
Sea
,
on
the
East
with
the
River
Euphrates
,
by
which
parted
from
Mesopotamia
,
on
the
North
with
Cilicia
and
Arm●nia
minor
,
from
which
it
is
separated
by
the
mountain
Taurus
.
Phaenicia
described
.
In
the
Survey
of
this
spacious
Country
,
the
Reader
is
desired
to
limit
his
sight
to
the
grand
division
thereof
into
its
several
Provinces
,
wherein
we
must
transitorily
observe
those
Eminent
Cities
which
are
in
the
knowledge
and
discourse
of
Europe
;
The
first
Province
is
Phaenicia
,
bounded
on
the
East
and
South
with
Palestine
,
on
the
North
with
Syria
,
on
the
West
with
the
Mediterranean
Sea
.
It
is
famous
for
the
noble
Cities
(
for
their
atcheivements
and
Merchandises
)
of
Tyre
and
Sydon
,
Berytus
and
Ptolemays
,
the
last
place
of
the
Holy
War
Conquest
:
they
were
reduced
to
the
Turkish
Domion
in
1489.
but
that
place
which
now
most
concerns
us
,
is
Tripoli
,
bravely
and
fertilely
seated
,
once
a
Christian
Marquisate
(
but
in
name
so
allied
to
that
barbarous
den
of
Theives
in
Africa
,
mischeivous
to
trade
,
that
I
cannot
but
forestal
its
scite
)
and
is
upon
that
account
the
Metropolis
of
Phaenicia
:
secondly
Syria
Propria
,
bounded
and
adjoyning
Northward
to
Phenicia
,
famous
to
our
acquaintance
,
for
Laodicea
,
as
is
mentioned
in
the
Revelations
of
Saint
John
;
Antioch
.
and
Antioch
,
the
place
where
Christians
were
first
so
called
,
but
now
hath
no
name
it self
either
Turkish
or
Christian
to
be
called
by
,
being
sunck
into
most
obscure
and
ignote
Rubbish
.
It
was
finally
lost
from
the
Christians
is
1381.
when
it
came
to
Saladine
,
the
Victorious
Sultan
of
Egypt
and
Damascus
.
Aleppo
.
Thirdly
Comagena
bordering
upon
Euphrates
towards
the
East
,
with
which
it
is
watered
,
in
it
Aleppo
scituated
in
midst
betwixt
Tripolis
,
Beritus
,
and
Alexandretta
,
the
three
prime
ports
of
Turkey
,
and
on
the
further
side
it
adjoyns
to
the
Persian
Territories
;
it
hath
been
of
long
time
a
factory
of
the
English
Nation
,
governed
by
a
Consul
who
maintain
thence
correspondence
with
the
East
Indies
,
several
goods
comming
overland
upon
Camels
.
Aleppo
.
The
English
are
here
well
beloved
,
and
our
Tutelar
or
National
Saint
George
,
whose
Sepulchre
is
fayned
here
,
is
had
in
great
veneration
;
It
overlooks
by
its
situation
upon
a
Hill
six
Villages
,
to
be
seen
no
where
else
in
these
depopulated
uncultivated
places
of
this
Empire
,
and
is
governed
by
a
Bashaw
,
which
Dignity
hath
of
late
years
been
troublesome
to
the
Turkish
State
,
as
was
mentioned
in
the
former
part
;
It
was
taken
in
by
Selymus
the
fi●st
,
of
which
more
presently
.
Fourthly
Palmyrene
a
Country
never
conquered
in
the
Holy-Land
expedition
,
as
the
other
parts
were
.
Fifthly
,
Coelosyria
bounded
on
the
West
with
Palaestine
,
whither
we
are
next
to
pass
,
and
on
the
South-East
,
with
Arabia
Deserta
,
and
on
the
North
with
Palmyrene
,
remarquable
for
the
famous
City
of
Damascus
,
and
the
Imperial
and
regal
Seat
of
many
Kings
,
who
have
been
celebrated
as
well
in
Divine
as
humane
writ
.
Damascus
.
A
most
fruitful
delightful
place
,
even
to
surfeit
,
being
stored
with
wine
to
superfluity
,
for
which
reason
,
as
is
excellently
observed
,
the
vile
Impostor
Mahomet
would
not
be
perswaded
to
come
to
it
,
lest
being
inescated
with
its
pleasures
he
should
forget
the
business
he
came
about
,
but
his
Successors
were
not
so
abstemious
,
it
being
the
seat
of
one
of
his
Caliphs
,
while
Babylon
or
Bagdat
was
reedified
.
Here
are
many
ingenuous
workmen
in
most
Arts
,
and
hence
come
our
Damask
Satins
and
Linnens
,
wrought
with
curious
Branches
.
It
is
now
the
Seat
of
one
of
the
principal
Turkish
Bashaws
,
and
who
is
had
in
great
estimation
and
beloved
by
the
Grand
Seignor
;
It
was
held
in
modern
times
by
the
Mamalukes
,
who
piecemeal
recovered
Syria
from
the
Tarters
,
who
under
Tamberlane
terrible
sacked
this
City
;
but
in
the
year
1516.
when
the
victorius
Selimus
the
first
discomfited
Campson
Gaurus
the
Egyptian
Sultan
in
the
fields
of
Aleppo
,
this
City
fearing
the
Spoyl
and
ruine
thereof
then
very
opulent
by
trade
,
set
open
their
Gates
,
as
did
all
the
other
Cities
by
their
example
.
By
means
whereof
the
Turks
became
Lords
of
all
this
Country
with
out
any
more
blows
,
as
they
were
next
year
of
Egypt
also
,
by
their
victory
over
Tomombeius
,
in
whom
perished
the
Name
and
,
Empire
of
the
Mamalukes
.
Mount
Hermon
.
In
our
way
to
Palestine
on
the
Holy
Land
,
we
must
pass
over
Mount
Hermon
,
a
ledge
of
Hills
,
which
beginning
Eastward
run
directly
South
,
by
which
Palestine
is
bounded
on
the
East
,
and
parted
from
Coelosyria
and
Arabia
Deserta
,
on
the
West
with
the
Mediterranean
Sea
,
and
some
part
of
Phaenicia
;
On
the
North
it
is
divided
with
the
Hill
Anti-Libanus
from
Syria
,
and
on
the
South
with
part
of
Arabia
Petraea
;
a
most
fertile
Land
even
to
admiration
,
flowing
with
milk
and
Hony
,
as
it
is
elegantly
expressed
in
the
eight
of
Deuteronomy
;
by
its
former
division
it
was
cantoned
into
six
Provinces
.
1.
Berea
,
2.
It●rea
,
3.
Galilee
,
4.
Samaria
,
5.
Judea
,
and
6.
Idumea
,
but
made
one
Province
of
the
Roman
Empire
,
as
it
is
now
of
the
Turkish
,
the
chief
Cities
were
Coesarea
,
Samaria
,
and
Hierusalem
,
of
which
a
little
must
needs
be
spoken
.
For
to
speak
nothing
of
ancient
times
,
in
the
73.
year
after
Christ
,
Jerusalem
was
taken
and
destroyed
by
Titus
,
with
the
slaughter
and
captivity
of
infinite
thousands
.
In
the
year
136.
it
was
restored
by
Aelius
Adrianus
,
new-named
Aelia
,
and
given
in
possession
to
the
Jews
.
In
the
time
of
Constantine
and
Helena
his
Mother
,
it
fell
into
the
hands
of
the
Christians
,
and
so
continued
untill
the
days
of
our
Henry
the
fourth
,
at
which
time
it
was
again
taken
by
the
Sultan
of
the
Sarazens
,
and
the
Christians
clean
banished
.
Holy
land
.
In
the
year
1097.
in
a
general
Councel
for
the
delivery
of
the
Holy
Land
,
the
Crossed
Knights
were
instituted
throughout
Christendom
,
and
Godfrey
of
Bulloygne
chosen
General
of
three
hundred
thousand
footmen
,
and
one
hundred
thousand
horse
.
These
Knights
did
many
famous
acts
;
recovered
the
Land
,
instituted
a
Monarchy
,
and
though
sometime
with
loss
,
continued
some
defence
thereof
,
until
the
year
of
our
Lord
1517.
and
then
was
it
overcome
by
the
Turkish
Armys
,
of
the
aforesaid
victorious
Selymus
,
who
at
this
day
retain
it
in
miserable
servitude
under
a
certain
Tribute
or
imposition
upon
such
Christians
as
are
permitted
to
live
here
.
There
are
now
therefore
two
or
more
Monasteries
,
or
Religious
Houses
,
where
Fryars
do
abide
,
and
make
a
good
commodity
of
shewing
the
Sepulchre
of
Christ
,
and
other
Monuments
unto
such
Christian
Pilgrimes
as
do
use
superstitiously
to
go
in
Pilgrimage
to
the
Holy
Land
.
And
so
it
resteth
peopled
with
men
of
divers
Nations
and
Sects
;
as
Saracens
,
Arabians
,
Turks
,
Hebrews
,
and
Christians
:
whereof
some
follow
the
Latine
Church
,
some
the
Greek
:
as
the
Grecians
,
Syrians
,
Armenians
,
Georgians
,
Nestorians
,
Jacobites
,
Nubians
,
Marodits
,
Abessines
,
Indians
,
and
Egyptians
,
every
one
having
their
peculiar
Bishops
,
whom
they
obey
.
But
to
particularize
a
little
further
.
GALILIE
upon
the
North
is
invironned
with
the
steep
hills
of
Libanus
and
Antilibanus
,
upon
the
West
with
Phenicia
,
upon
the
East
with
Caelosyria
,
and
upon
the
South
with
Samaria
,
and
Arabia
the
desert
.
The
soil
is
most
fruitful
,
yeilding
all
sorts
of
trees
,
and
divided
by
Jordan
:
upon
whose
banks
stand
very
many
Towns
and
Villages
,
and
so
w
ll
watered
either
with
mountain
Torrents
,
or
springs
,
that
no
part
thereof
lyeth
unmanured
.
Nazareth
.
The
Country
is
the
more
famous
,
for
that
in
it
,
standeth
(
amongst
the
rude
mountains
)
the
small
Village
of
Nazareth
,
the
place
of
our
Lords
conception
:
And
at
this
day
,
there
is
a
small
Chappel
Archt
and
built
under
ground
,
whereinto
a
man
must
descend
by
stayrs
:
Here
(
some
say
)
the
Angel
appeared
unto
Mary
,
and
foretold
her
that
she
should
conceive
and
bring
forth
our
Lord
.
The
Inhabitants
are
Arabians
,
short
and
thick
men
,
rudely
apparelled
,
and
weaponed
with
Bows
,
Swords
and
Daggers
.
In
this
Region
likewise
standeth
the
Mount
Thabor
,
whose
North
part
is
inaccessible
,
and
whereon
our
Lord
was
transfigured
,
according
to
the
blessed
Evangelist
.
Samaria
.
SAMARIA
lyeth
in
a
most
delicate
plot
of
Palestine
,
but
in
bigness
not
comparable
to
Iudea
or
Galilie
.
The
soyl
is
partly
Mountanous
,
partly
champian
,
pleasant
,
fruitful
,
and
very
well
watered
with
fresh
and
sweet
water
.
The
City
is
now
ruinated
:
but
as
for
pleasure
and
delight
it
was
inferior
to
no
other
.
It
is
scituated
upon
the
side
of
a
Hill
,
the
eighth
part
of
a
mile
from
whence
,
a
man
may
behold
the
ruines
of
a
great
Temple
:
whereupon
(
as
men
say
)
Christ
sate
,
when
he
asked
water
of
the
Samaritan
woman
.
But
these
are
uncertainties
,
not
to
say
fallacies
.
Judea
.
JUDEA
,
far
excelleth
any
part
of
the
residue
of
Palestine
,
and
at
this
day
enjoyeth
it
's
ancient
fertility
.
The
tribe
of
Juda
so
named
it
,
and
in
it
,
as
in
the
rest
of
Palestina
were
very
many
worthy
Cities
,
Jerusalem
.
whereof
Jerusalem
was
the
chief
seat
of
their
Princes
,
the
possession
of
the
Patriarches
,
Prophets
,
and
Apostles
:
the
original
place
of
our
faith
,
and
the
glory
of
the
Christian
world
.
By
the
Barbarians
,
at
this
day
it
is
called
Godz
,
or
Chutz
:
It
standeth
on
an
eminent
place
,
as
whereunto
a
man
must
always
ascend
.
Saint
Jeroms
opinion
was
,
that
it
stood
not
onely
in
the
heart
of
Judaea
,
but
in
the
very
center
of
the
world
,
as
having
Asia
on
the
East
,
Europe
on
the
West
,
upon
the
South
Lybia
and
Africa
,
and
upon
the
North
,
Scythia
,
Armenia
,
Persia
,
with
the
residue
of
the
Pontique
Nations
.
What
the
glory
hereof
hath
been
,
may
be
conjectured
out
of
Tacitus
,
who
reporteth
,
that
in
the
beginning
of
the
Siege
,
it
contained
two
hundred
thousand
souls
.
At
this
day
it
numbreth
not
above
five
thousand
inhabitants
,
although
many
Pilgrims
daily
resort
thither
in
a
good
conscience
,
and
for
devotions
sake
.
The
Sepulchre
of
Christ
.
It
was
once
strongly
and
fairly
walled
,
but
now
weakly
,
and
therein
it
sheweth
nothing
so
famous
as
the
Sepulchre
of
our
Saviour
Christ
,
whose
Temple
incircleth
the
whole
Mount
of
Calvary
,
scituated
upon
a
plain
plot
of
ground
,
high
,
round
,
and
open
at
the
top
,
from
whence
it
receiveth
light
:
but
the
Sepulchre
it self
is
covered
with
an
archt
Chappel
cut
out
of
the
main
Marble
,
and
left
unto
the
custody
of
the
Latine
Christians
.
Whosoever
is
desirous
to
see
this
Sepulchre
,
must
pay
nine
Crowns
to
the
Turk
:
so
that
this
tribute
is
yearly
worth
unto
him
,
a
very
considerable
revevennue
.
One
hundred
and
eight
foot
distant
from
this
Tomb
,
is
the
Mount
(
called
the
Mount
Calvarie
)
whereon
our
Saviour
Christ
was
crucified
by
the
treacherous
Jews
.
In
this
place
are
many
other
religious
Reliques
.
And
the
Pilgrims
which
come
thither
,
are
always
lodged
according
to
his
own
profession
;
the
Latines
with
the
Franciscans
,
without
the
City
,
by
Mount
Syon
:
the
Graecians
are
lodged
with
the
Caloirean
Greeks
,
dwelling
within
the
City
by
the
Sepulchre
:
And
so
every
other
Nation
,
Abessines
,
Georgians
,
Armenians
,
Nestorians
,
and
Maronites
,
who
all
have
their
proper
and
peculiar
Chappels
.
Those
Franciscans
,
which
follow
the
Latine
Church
,
and
are
for
the
most
part
Italians
,
were
wont
to
create
the
Knights
of
the
Sepulcher
,
and
to
give
testimonial
unto
Pilgrims
of
their
being
there
.
Without
this
City
is
the
valley
of
Jehosaphet
,
and
therein
the
Tombs
of
the
blessed
Lady
and
Saint
Anne
.
The
territory
adjoyning
is
exceeding
fruitful
in
Vines
,
Apples
,
Almonds
,
Figs
and
Oyl
:
the
mountains
are
no
less
stored
with
trees
,
wild
beasts
and
spiceries
.
Besides
Jerusalem
,
here
standeth
Bethlem
,
now
destroyed
,
and
shewing
nothing
worth
looking
on
,
save
a
great
and
stately
Monastery
of
the
Franciscans
,
within
which
is
the
place
where
Christ
was
born
.
Rama
is
now
likewise
ruinated
;
the
Arches
and
Cisterns
which
are
now
remaining
,
by
the
witness
of
Bellonius
his
own
eye
,
are
greater
then
those
of
Alexandria
,
but
not
so
thick
.
Gaza
is
now
a
Turkish
Sangiackship
:
the
soyl
about
fertile
,
and
the
inhabitants
Grecians
,
Turks
,
and
Arabians
.
Idumea
.
IDUMEA
.
I●●oly
writ
,
this
Region
is
called
Edom
,
and
by
other
Authors
Nabathea
.
Toward
the
Sea
and
Judea
the
soil
is
fertile
,
but
toward
Arabia
desert
and
barren
.
Some
say
its
inexpugnable
for
its
deserts
and
want
of
water
:
yet
is
it
stored
therewith
but
hidden
,
and
known
to
none
but
the
Natives
.
Of
old
they
were
a
turbulent
,
unquiet
,
and
seditious
people
,
and
so
at
this
day
they
are
like
to
their
villanous
and
roguish
Neighbours
the
Arabians
.
For
further
satisfaction
of
the
Reader
,
be
he
pleased
to
refer
himself
to
Doctor
Fullers
Holy
Land
,
or
Sir
Walter
Raleigh
,
who
have
amply
discoursed
on
this
Subject
,
by
whose
copious
and
pleasant
stile
and
luxurious
description
,
the
Ruines
and
present
indigence
and
penury
of
this
once
flourishing
and
abundant
Region
are
only
to
be
alleviated
.
And
so
we
pass
forward
.
Egypt
.
AEGYPT
is
best
to
be
known
as
to
its
bounds
,
by
its
threefold
definition
and
division
.
First
,
Egypt
properly
so
called
,
extends
it self
North
upon
the
Mediterranean
sea
,
and
part
of
Idumea
to
Lybia
or
Marmarica
.
Secondly
,
Lybia
or
Marmarica
lying
betwixt
Egypt
properly
so
called
,
and
Cyrene
or
Pentapolis
,
so
called
for
the
five
cheif
Cities
thereof
,
1300
miles
long
and
200
broad
,
reaches
from
Lybia
to
the
Greater
Syrty
,
The
kingdoms
of
Tunis
and
Algeir
.
where
it
is
bounded
with
the
Kingdom
of
Tunis
in
Africa
,
which
Kingdom
with
the
other
of
Algeir
,
by
the
Ottoman
Family's
intermedling
with
the
quarrelling
Princes
thereof
,
though
Mahumetans
also
,
came
at
length
to
acknowledge
no
other
Master
but
themselves
,
the
last
King
of
Tunis
named
Mahomet
,
put
in
by
Don
John
of
Austria
whose
succour
he
craved
,
being
subdued
by
the
Turks
,
and
carried
prisoner
to
Constantinople
in
the
reign
of
Selymus
the
second
,
about
which
time
the
Kingdom
of
Algeir
in
length
300
miles
,
but
in
breadth
not
considerable
,
was
likewise
reduced
upon
the
same
score
by
the
famous
Barbarossa
.
Not
to
mention
here
some
of
the
Isles
of
Barbary
which
are
subject
to
the
Grand
Seignior
,
as
Zerby
,
infamous
for
the
loss
of
15000
Christians
by
slaughter
at
the
taking
,
and
afterwards
by
famine
at
the
surprize
and
retaking
of
it
by
Pial
Bassa
in
1559.
I
am
constrained
to
mention
these
parts
of
Affrick
here
,
for
want
of
convenient
reduction
(
in
this
brief
Compendium
)
to
their
proper
place
.
Aegypt
was
vassalled
to
the
Mamalukes
,
who
seized
it
from
the
Eastern
Emperors
some
300
years
before
Selimus
the
second
,
that
ambitious
and
martial
Sultan
wrested
it
from
them
in
the
fields
of
Aleppo
,
and
extinguished
the
name
and
Empire
as
aforesaid
:
When
Cyrene
followed
the
same
fortune
,
and
submitted
to
the
Turkish
yoke
.
In
this
Province
we
must
remarque
Tripolis
,
assigned
by
Charls
the
fift
to
the
Knights
of
John
of
Jerusalem
in
lieu
of
Rhodes
,
but
wrested
from
them
by
Sinan
Bassa
in
1577.
since
which
it
is
become
a
den
of
Pirates
,
as
was
mentioned
before
in
the
Syrian
Tripolis
.
In
Egypt
,
passing
over
Pelusium
and
the
famous
Damiata
,
we
will
confine
our
view
to
Grand
Cairo
,
once
called
Memphis
,
the
Metropolis
of
Egypt
,
which
of
all
antient
Cities
hath
lost
little
or
nothing
by
the
injury
of
time
.
Grand
Cairo
described
at
large
.
Grand
Cairo
was
wrested
from
the
Mamalukes
,
and
their
Sultan
Tomombeus
,
by
Selymus
the
first
in
the
year
of
the
Incarnation
,
1517.
after
four
bloody
days
spent
before
he
could
entirely
possess
himself
of
the
City
;
It
is
nobly
scited
,
and
is
between
thirty
and
forty
English
Miles
in
compass
,
devided
into
seven
Burghs
,
built
after
the
Egyptian
manner
,
high
,
and
of
large
rough
stone
,
part
also
of
Brick
,
the
streets
are
narrow
,
of
late
there
are
new
buildings
made
of
the
Turkish
Fashion
as
the
former
decay
,
poor
,
low
much
of
Wood
and
Timber
,
except
some
modern
stately
palaces
of
both
Nations
.
There
are
in
it
as
are
reckoned
five
and
thirty
thousand
Moschets
,
four
and
twenty
thousand
noted
streets
,
besides
lanes
and
turnings
,
some
of
those
streets
are
two
miles
in
length
,
some
not
half
a
mile
,
all
of
them
every
night
are
lockt
up
with
a
Door
or
Gate
at
each
end
,
and
Guarded
by
a
Musketier
,
to
prevent
Tumults
,
Fire
,
or
other
outrages
.
Its
Government
.
Without
the
City
on
horseback
there
watch
every
night
to
prevent
any
attempts
of
the
Arabs
,
four
Sanjacks
,
with
each
a
thousand
Horse-men
under
his
command
,
so
that
in
all
,
as
it
is
easily
computable
by
the
individual
,
Guardians
of
the
streets
there
watch
every
night
no
less
then
twenty
eight
thousand
persons
.
The
Castle
is
the
place
where
the
Bashaw
resides
,
who
is
always
one
of
the
most
avaricious
and
ravenous
Viziers
,
sent
thither
on
purpose
to
squeeze
and
oppress
the
Egyptians
,
and
is
frequently
made
a
Spunge
,
to
refund
his
wealth
with
his
life
)
into
the
Grand
Seigniors
Exchequer
,
in
which
act
the
slavish
Egyptians
can
discern
nothing
but
his
justice
,
and
are
satisfied
with
it
as
their
revenge
.
This
Castle
is
founded
upon
a
Rocky
ascent
on
the
East
side
of
the
City
,
nor
well
repayred
nor
quite
decayed
;
at
the
foot
of
this
ascent
is
a
place
half
a
Mile
long
,
wherein
they
ride
the
great
horse
,
and
by
that
a
little
House
and
Garden
,
(
wherein
the
old
Bashaws
of
this
place
,
when
disauthorised
till
the
coming
of
a
new
one
,
are
kept
until
they
are
strangled
or
restored
to
the
Grand
Signors
favour
.
The
famous
R●ver
Nile
.
Things
of
remarque
and
note
herein
,
are
first
the
River
Nile
running
along
the
South
of
the
Town
to
the
West
,
making
as
it
leaves
it
,
a
little
dainty
Island
,
whose
fertile
and
wonderful
inundation
begins
constantly
about
the
middle
of
June
,
and
increaseth
to
between
eighty
and
a
hundred
days
,
then
it
abates
,
and
by
the
end
of
November
comes
within
its
narrowest
banks
,
about
a
quarter
of
a
mile
broad
:
by
reason
of
this
flood
they
have
four
Harvests
in
a
year
,
the
ground
adjacent
to
this
River
being
before
a
white
Sand
,
without
a
sprig
of
any
green
thing
but
two
weeds
(
which
carried
to
Venice
makes
the
finest
Chrystal
Glass
)
becomes
a
fat
black
mould
,
and
bears
Flax
and
Rice
,
with
Sugar-Canes
in
abundance
.
Not
to
omit
the
number
of
Crocodiles
that
infest
this
River
,
nor
the
Nilscope
in
the
Isle
,
where
stands
a
Pillar
with
several
marks
,
declaring
the
height
of
the
Flood
all
over
Egypt
.
The
Pyramids
.
The
next
are
the
Pyramids
so
much
famed
in
history
,
and
the
granaries
or
storehouses
which
Joseph
built
,
three
of
which
Pyramids
stand
twelve
miles
South-west
of
the
City
on
the
other
side
of
the
River
,
and
are
yet
almost
entire
,
their
form
is
quadrangular
,
lessening
by
equal
degrees
from
a
quarter
of
a
mile
flat
at
bottom
to
a
square
at
top
a
little
more
then
4.
yards
angular
;
there
are
sixteen
or
eighteen
other
Pyramids
some
twelve
miles
to
the
Southward
,
but
ruined
extreamly
.
It
rains
not
here
but
once
in
three
or
four
years
,
so
that
bodies
buried
in
that
sand
,
will
keep
without
putrefaction
,
by
reason
no
moysture
is
near
them
but
what
is
in
themselves
.
Cairo
Subject
to
plagues
,
yet
populous
.
Plagues
are
here
very
rife
in
Winter
,
by
one
whereof
eighteen
hundred
thousand
pers●ns
died
in
six
months
,
yet
was
the
City
presently
as
populous
as
before
,
and
continues
so
thronged
that
persons
of
quality
have
one
going
before
their
Mules
to
make
way
for
them
,
by
bidding
people
make
room
,
this
is
caused
by
the
confluent
multitude
of
the
Arabs
,
and
Indians
too
,
that
flock
to
the
pleasures
and
plenty
of
this
place
.
There
are
a
great
many
Christians
also
,
Venetians
,
Dutch
,
Genoese
,
and
some
English
,
the
ayr
sometimes
in
summer
is
like
any
sweet
perfume
,
and
almost
suffocates
the
Spirits
,
caused
by
the
wind
that
brings
the
odours
of
the
Arabian
Spices
in
a
full
Flavour
.
The
sandy
playns
about
it
.
There
is
also
a
sort
of
rare
Horses
,
but
of
tender
hoofs
,
yet
fit
for
that
sandy
and
soft
ground
,
which
will
run
four
days
and
Nights
together
without
eating
or
drinking
,
and
some
Egyptians
with
a
little
provant
,
and
less
sleep
,
their
body
being
wound
about
with
a
Linnen
,
will
ride
them
so
upon
business
,
to
which
this
is
the
only
convenience
,
over
those
sandy
deserts
,
where
there
is
neither
House
or
Inhabitants
,
but
the
Theiving
Murderous
Arabs
.
For
the
direction
of
the
way
over
those
Vastitudes
,
the
wind
blowing
the
Sand
,
and
losing
the
track
of
any
beaten
way
,
and
sometimes
burying
the
Travellers
in
Sheats
of
it
,
unless
they
be
wary
,
are
pillars
of
brick
,
set
up
a
mile
distant
from
one
another
.
The
revenue
of
Egypt
.
The
Revenue
that
the
Grand
Signor
receives
from
Aegypt
amounts
to
eight
hundred
thousand
pound
sterling
,
a
third
part
whereof
comes
onely
clear
to
the
Exchequer
at
Constantinople
,
all
ariseth
out
of
certain
farms
of
the
Land
belonging
to
the
Crown
,
let
out
to
the
Egyptians
,
the
least
farm
pays
two
hundred
pound
a
year
.
But
the
Bashaw
hath
other
wayes
to
make
profit
to
himself
,
nor
is
any
invention
of
oppression
thought
envious
or
dangerous
;
for
the
Egyptians
naturally
effeminate
,
and
having
suffered
under
a
lasting
Tyranny
,
from
slavery
to
slavery
,
are
in
no
likelihood
of
endeavouring
a
revolt
:
the
Grand
Signor
hath
of
them
no
more
then
fourteen
thousand
enrolled
in
his
pay
,
and
that
for
show
onely
.
The
other
two
parts
of
the
Revenue
are
disposed
thus
,
the
one
to
furnish
the
Expence
of
the
Caravan
and
Pilgrimage
to
Mecha
,
whither
the
Grand
Seignor
sends
presents
yearly
,
especially
a
green
velvet
Pall
,
for
Mahomets
Coffin
,
and
the
other
third
part
of
the
revenue
towards
defraying
the
charges
of
the
Government
,
viz.
all
Officers
and
publique
services
,
besides
that
of
the
Timariots
,
who
do
theirs
for
their
Tenure
,
and
enjoy
almost
a
half
of
that
Kingdom
.
It
is
a
rare
felicity
for
any
Bashaw
of
this
place
to
escape
with
life
,
fortunes
,
and
liberty
,
yet
there
are
few
of
the
Visiers
,
who
do
not
ambitiously
affect
this
ominous
government
.
Alexan●…
ria
.
The
Nile
descends
from
Cairo
in
a
length
of
360.
miles
to
Canopus
,
now
called
Rosetta
,
where
it
embogues
it self
into
the
Sea
:
from
whence
by
Land
to
Alexandria
,
the
Port
where
goods
are
landed
for
Cairo
,
famous
for
its
founder
Alexander
the
Great
,
and
for
the
Monument
and
Tomb
of
red
Marble
of
its
beautifier
,
Pompey
the
great
,
likewise
,
and
for
its
new
Castle
built
since
by
the
Turks
,
being
their
onely
Emporium
or
scale
of
Trade
in
Egypt
.
The
description
of
Arabia
.
ARABIA
TRIPLEX
.
The
three
Arabias
,
are
likewise
parcel
of
this
Empire
,
which
is
a
marvellous
great
country
,
included
between
two
huge
bosomes
of
the
Sea
,
in
manner
of
a
Peninsula
,
viz.
upon
the
West
and
East
with
the
Arabian
and
Persian
gulfs
,
upon
the
South
with
the
Ocean
,
and
upon
the
North
with
Syria
and
Euphrates
.
The
Inhabitants
are
indifferently
called
Arabians
,
Saracens
,
or
Moors
:
Those
are
the
true
Arabians
which
live
out
of
Cities
in
Tents
,
dispersed
over
Syria
,
Egypt
,
and
Afrike
,
these
give
themselves
to
feed
Cattel
,
and
droves
of
Camels
.
Those
which
inhabit
Cities
,
are
called
Moors
,
and
were
once
of
such
puissance
,
that
they
not
onely
subdued
Syria
,
Persia
,
and
Trogladitica
,
but
likewise
Egypt
,
a
great
part
of
Africk
,
and
almost
all
Spain
,
with
the
Island
of
Sicily
,
and
the
Kingdom
of
Naples
.
Two
hundred
years
they
kept
possession
of
these
peeces
,
but
of
some
part
of
Spain
seven
hundred
,
even
until
the
days
of
our
Fathers
.
And
further
,
this
accursed
generation
at
this
day
is
not
onely
spread
over
all
the
Southern
coast
of
Asia
:
viz.
Persia
,
East-India
,
and
the
Islands
of
the
Indian
Sea
,
but
likewise
advanced
with
great
prosperity
unto
divers
wealthy
Kingdoms
,
famous
Cities
,
and
worthy
Mart-towns
,
over
all
the
South
Coast
of
Africk
:
under
this
people
the
Turks
were
first
called
into
Asia
to
bear
Arms
,
and
from
whence
issued
out
the
swarm
of
this
Locust
Mahomet
.
The
Division
is
as
followeth
,
first
The
di●…
ision
of
●…
ARABIA
DESERTA
.
This
is
a
vast
Country
,
full
of
Deserts
,
yet
well
inhabited
with
populous
and
warlike
multitudes
,
especially
toward
Euphrates
,
and
the
mountains
of
Arabia
Felix
,
whether
Merchants
resort
.
The
residue
towards
the
West
is
sandy
,
by
which
if
a
man
be
to
travel
,
he
must
have
the
stars
for
his
guide
,
company
for
his
safeguard
,
and
provision
for
his
diet
,
for
otherwise
he
shall
lose
his
way
,
or
surrender
his
goods
to
the
Theevish
Arabs
,
or
starve
in
the
Desert
for
want
of
food
.
ARABIA
PETREA
.
Towards
Syria
this
is
somewhat
fertile
,
but
smally
commended
for
that
property
by
the
Auncients
:
For
indeed
it
is
exceeding
barren
,
and
wanteth
necessary
sustenance
,
wood
and
fresh
water
.
The
memorable
things
herein
are
the
Mountains
at
Synay
and
Oreb
,
upon
the
former
whereof
,
is
at
this
day
builded
a
Monastery
of
Christians
,
following
the
Greek
Church
,
and
the
onely
receptacle
or
Inn
for
wayfaring
Christians
:
other
place
of
releif
is
there
none
.
ARABIA
FELIX
is
a
very
large
province
,
better
manured
and
watered
then
the
other
.
It
is
adorned
with
noble
Cities
,
and
full
of
Villages
,
especially
toward
the
Sea
side
,
where
are
many
excellent
places
of
trade
.
The
residue
except
the
Sand
,
is
made
manurable
,
either
for
feeding
of
Cattle
or
Camels
,
in
which
places
live
infinite
swarms
of
divers
Nations
,
by
Grazing
and
Husbandry
.
●…
s
Histo●…
y
.
Arabia
Petrea
and
Deserta
,
were
subdued
by
the
Turks
upon
their
first
Conquest
of
Persia
,
in
the
rise
of
their
greatness
,
but
recovered
by
the
Mamalukes
,
whose
fortune
they
followed
to
the
fatal
period
made
by
Selymus
the
first
,
when
in
his
expedition
to
Egypt
they
more
annoyed
him
by
falling
in
his
Rear
,
and
terrified
him
in
their
night
alarums
,
then
all
the
Forces
of
their
Mamaluke
Masters
in
the
field
;
which
deciding
the
Title
to
Egypt
included
soon
after
the
Dominion
of
those
Countrys
,
the
Chiefs
thereof
being
gained
by
money
and
promise
of
preferment
,
who
yet
nevertheless
continue
their
petty
Soveraignties
,
and
rob
and
steal
upon
their
own
account
,
making
no
distinction
betwixt
Turk
and
Christian
.
As
for
Arabia
Faelix
it
continued
unconquered
,
till
the
Turks
and
Portugals
quarrelled
about
it
in
1538.
when
Solyman
Bassa
sent
with
a
Fleet
into
the
red
Sea
to
maintain
the
Trade
thereof
,
and
to
repress
the
Persians
,
assisted
by
the
said
Portugals
,
instead
of
taking
in
,
Diu
,
most
basely
surprized
Aden
,
one
of
the
chiefest
Ports
,
when
under
colour
of
a
friendly
invitation
,
he
had
got
the
King
thereof
on
board
,
where
he
hanged
him
,
as
he
did
the
like
to
Zibel
(
and
the
King
thereof
)
the
Port
of
Mecca
;
nevertheless
the
Turks
have
but
little
command
here
,
especially
in
the
more
inland
pa●ts
,
and
towards
the
Persian
Gulf
,
where
a
Turk
is
generally
hated
and
abhorred
.
Assiria
described
.
ASSYRIA
is
bounded
on
the
East
with
Media
,
West
with
Mesopotamia
,
South
with
Susiana
,
and
North
with
part
of
Turcomania
,
by
the
last
name
of
it
as
alluding
to
its
great
Original
,
called
by
the
Turks
Arzyrum
,
and
though
formerly
the
terrible
name
of
a
mighty
Empire
,
and
the
first
of
the
four
,
is
now
a
mean
Province
of
the
Grand
Seigniors
Dominion
:
●…
inivie
.
in
it
was
once
seated
the
famous
City
of
Nineve
mentioned
in
Scripture
,
but
the
name
and
memory
of
it
is
now
lost
,
only
it
is
supposed
that
Mosul
seated
on
the
Tygris
,
and
inhabited
with
a
number
of
Nestorian
Christians
is
risen
out
of
its
ruines
.
The
Bassa
of
Arzyrum
,
the
chief
and
strongest
place
in
this
Province
,
hath
ten
thousand
Timariots
under
his
Command
to
defend
this
Country
,
and
to
be
ready
for
any
other
service
.
MESOPOTAMIA
is
bounded
on
the
South
with
Arabia
Deserta
,
from
which
it
is
parted
with
the
bending
of
Euphrates
,
on
the
East
with
the
River
Tygris
&
Assyria
,
on
the
West
with
Syria
,
on
the
North
with
Mount
Taurus
,
and
Armenia
Major
,
it
is
memorable
for
very
little
of
modern
note
,
the
people
prone
to
slavery
,
and
accept
of
any
Master
that
can
win
and
wear
them
.
CHALDEA
bounded
on
the
East
with
Susiana
a
Province
of
Persia
,
on
the
West
with
Arabia
Deserta
,
on
the
North
with
Mesopotamia
,
and
on
the
South
with
the
Persian
Bay
,
and
the
rest
of
the
Deserta
.
As
to
the
account
hereof
we
shall
confine
our
view
to
Babylon
,
Babylon
described
.
enlarged
by
Nebuchadnezzer
,
once
accounted
one
of
the
worlds
nine
wonders
,
but
since
dwindled
into
oblivion
,
but
recovered
by
the
name
first
of
Seleucia
,
and
now
of
Bagdat
:
it
was
taken
from
the
Persians
by
Solyman
the
Magnificent
,
and
recovered
from
them
under
Sophy
Abbas
in
1625.
and
retaken
from
them
by
the
noble
and
glorious
Sultan
Morat
in
1640.
when
he
intended
to
bury
the
name
of
the
Janizaries
in
the
rubbish
of
it
,
but
left
his
own
bones
there
like
another
Alexander
:
but
the
same
vicissitude
hath
again
restored
it
to
this
present
Sophy
;
the
people
of
those
Regions
as
washinted
before
,
being
patient
and
regardless
of
any
power
or
Government
whatsoever
,
as
sure
to
suffer
no
worse
,
nor
having
ever
experienced
better
.
●…
urcoma●…
ia
.
TURCOMANIA
(
of
which
some
thing
more
largely
for
the
quality
of
the
place
)
is
bounded
on
the
North
with
part
of
Tartary
,
upon
the
West
with
the
Euxine
Sea
,
Cappadocia
and
Armenia
Minor
,
on
the
East
with
Media
and
the
Caspian
Sea
,
and
on
the
South
with
Mesopotamia
and
Assyria
,
it
is
called
Turcomania
from
the
Turks
,
who
from
hence
made
their
first
fortunate
expedition
and
irruption
to
the
conquest
of
Persia
,
and
spread
themselves
afterwards
into
other
Regions
.
The
Inhabitants
are
now
generally
Christians
,
priviledged
by
Mahomet
the
Great
,
and
speak
a
language
of
their
own
,
yet
are
their
manners
very
barbarous
,
given
much
to
Tillage
,
and
very
industrious
;
they
are
of
late
well
seen
in
Manufactures
,
especially
in
rich
Tapestries
,
Grograins
,
and
watered
and
unwatered
Chamlets
,
with
which
they
Traffick
in
all
places
of
Turkey
.
Armenia
Major
.
The
chief
Provinces
of
this
Territory
,
are
Armenia
Major
,
conquered
by
Selymus
the
first
in
1515.
after
the
fatal
Calderan
field
,
the
day
whereof
was
called
by
the
Turks
Dooms-day
,
against
Hismael
the
Persian
Sophy
,
The
Chaldean
fields
whose
Predecessor
Ussan
Cassan
took
it
from
a
Christian
Prince
thereof
;
and
fully
setled
by
Amurath
the
third
,
by
the
strong
Garrison
of
Van
.
2.
Colchis
,
reduced
by
Uluzales
the
famous
Turkish
Sea
Captain
,
sent
into
the
Euxine
Sea
by
Amurath
in
1579.
and
made
subject
to
a
Beglerbeg
.
3.
Iberia
with
the
rest
,
formerly
feudatory
to
the
Grecian
,
as
before
to
the
Roman
Empire
,
by
the
same
Amurath
(
who
pursued
his
Father
Solymans
design
)
was
partly
united
to
his
Scepter
,
but
the
Georgian
Princes
by
the
neer
ayd
of
the
Persians
have
yet
a
part
.
4.
Albania
conquered
by
the
Great
Cham
of
Tartary
,
but
since
blended
with
the
other
Georgians
into
Turkish
slavery
.
This
Turcomania
,
though
it
were
the
first
place
of
the
Turks
extraction
,
yet
it
was
the
last
of
their
conquest
,
b●sides
that
it
is
strangely
Christian
,
and
is
the
last
Province
that
is
assured
and
setled
under
their
Dominion
.
Georgia
described
.
GEORGIA
,
by
the
Barbarians
tearmed
Gurgistan
,
comprehendeth
part
of
the
ancient
Iberia
,
with
part
of
the
great
Armeny
,
and
peradventure
Atrapatia
.
Upon
the
West
lyeth
Mengrelia
,
upon
the
North
Zuiria
(
once
Albania
)
upon
the
East
the
middle
Atropatia
(
now
Sirvan
)
upon
the
South
that
part
of
the
greater
Armenia
,
which
now
is
called
Turcomania
.
For
the
greater
part
it
is
covered
with
Mountains
,
Woods
,
and
Thickets
,
and
in
that
regard
inconquerable
,
for
the
difficulties
of
the
Mountanous
passages
.
It
is
notwithstanding
fertile
,
and
adorned
with
many
large
places
and
villages
,
from
whence
arise
many
famous
Rivers
,
as
Cirus
and
Araxis
,
springing
from
the
Mountain
Taurus
,
and
running
thorough
the
whole
Province
,
until
at
last
,
it
disgorge
it self
into
the
Caspian
Sea
.
The
Inhabitants
are
tearmed
Georgians
,
of
St.
George
,
whom
they
advow
their
patron
and
advocate
.
For
they
are
Christians
according
to
the
Greek
Church
,
with
some
small
difference
.
They
are
very
populous
and
warlike
,
strong
of
body
,
and
valorous
in
fight
,
even
until
our
times
maintaining
their
liberty
in
the
midst
of
the
Mahumetans
,
sometimes
following
the
fortunes
of
the
Turks
,
sometimes
of
the
Persians
.
But
at
this
day
,
they
have
not
onely
lost
their
wonted
liberty
,
but
also
many
Fortresses
and
Cities
,
as
Teflis
,
Lori
,
Clisca
,
Gori
,
and
Tomanis
,
and
withal
some
of
them
have
imbraced
the
Turkish
infidelity
.
The
City
●…
f
Tauris
.
I
must
here
insert
the
noble
City
of
Tauris
in
Media
,
within
that
Province
belonging
to
the
Persian
,
being
the
utmost
extent
of
the
Turkish
Dominion
Eastward
,
and
the
bound
thereof
,
whither
being
arrived
we
will
return
back
to
Constantinople
by
the
way
of
Asia
Minor
,
called
Natolia
,
and
after
this
spacious
perambulation
,
sit
down
and
compute
in
an
intire
sum
,
the
whole
extent
of
this
Dominion
,
for
the
reader
happily
may
be
tyred
with
so
tedious
a
journey
.
Asia
Minor
.
NATOLIA
.
That
which
the
Turks
at
this
day
term
Natolia
or
Turcia
Major
,
once
Asia
Minor
,
comprehendeth
the
Provinces
of
Pontus
,
Bithinia
,
Asia
it self
,
Licia
,
Galacia
,
Pamphilia
,
Cappadocia
,
Cilicia
,
and
Armenia
the
less
;
and
in
these
Provinces
of
antient
times
florished
the
States
and
Kingdoms
of
the
Troyans
,
of
Methridates
,
of
Cressus
,
of
Antigonus
,
of
the
Paphlagonians
,
of
the
Galathians
,
of
the
Capadocians
and
Phrigians
;
All
which
at
this
day
are
not
sufficient
to
satisfie
the
single
ambition
of
the
Turkish
Tyranny
.
The
Inhabitants
for
the
most
part
are
Mahumetans
,
and
naturally
Turks
,
of
simpler
nature
then
the
Turks
of
Europe
,
and
nothing
so
cruel
as
the
Renegado
Christians
.
The
condition
of
the
people
.
Yet
are
there
many
Christians
among
them
in
many
of
these
Regions
,
following
the
Rites
of
the
Greek
Church
.
Among
these
Turks
there
is
no
acknowledgment
of
Superiority
,
Blood
or
Nobility
,
but
all
are
equal
slaves
to
the
Grand
Signior
,
over
whom
he
appointeth
Beglerbegs
and
Sanjacks
.
They
are
either
a
kind
of
idle
or
lofty
people
,
for
they
are
smally
industrious
,
and
were
it
not
for
their
slaves
,
their
grounds
would
generally
lye
unmanured
.
Its
Cantons
.
Pontus
and
Bithynia
are
now
united
under
one
name
,
and
called
Bursia
.
Here
once
raigned
the
Great
King
Methridates
;
and
here
stood
the
Famous
Cities
of
Chalcedon
,
Nichomedia
,
Apamia
,
Prusia
Nice
,
and
Heraclea
Ponti
.
Asia
propria
,
now
Sabrum
,
is
a
particular
Province
of
Asia
minor
,
and
containeth
in
it
many
famous
Provinces
,
as
Phrygia
major
,
and
minor
,
Caria
,
Mysia
,
&c.
in
Phrygia
minor
stood
that
noble
City
of
Troy
,
famous
at
this
day
(
saith
Bellonius
)
an
eye
witness
,
for
it
is
very
ruines
of
walls
,
gates
,
circircuit
and
marble
sepulchres
,
found
upon
the
way
without
the
walls
.
Pamphylia
now
Caramania
,
is
one
of
the
seven
Sangiack-ships
,
with
8000
ducats
of
yearly
revenue
,
In
this
Country
,
as
also
in
Cilicia
,
are
woven
those
fine
cloaths
which
we
call
Chamblets
,
watered
and
unwatered
.
They
are
made
of
the
hair
of
Goats
,
so
fine
and
white
as
no
silk
can
surpass
them
in
those
two
properties
.
The
Empire
of
Trapezond
.
Cappadocia
now
Amasia
,
is
a
goodly
Country
,
and
the
seat
of
the
Turks
eldest
Son
.
In
it
are
many
goodly
Cities
,
as
Trapezond
once
the
seat
of
the
Commeni
,
Emperors
of
Trapezond
,
whose
name
and
progeny
,
Mahumet
the
second
utterly
extinguished
.
Cilicia
,
now
part
of
Caramania
,
is
a
good
Country
;
the
Inhabitants
are
given
to
pasturing
of
Goats
for
lucre
of
their
fleece
,
of
which
they
make
their
Chamblets
;
but
otherwise
neither
given
to
fishing
,
Navigation
nor
Husbandry
.
At
the
foot
of
mount
Taurus
(
saith
Bellonius
)
are
divers
small
Villages
,
and
excellent
pastures
about
them
,
which
for
the
fertility
thereof
should
seem
to
be
one
of
the
Turks
Races
;
for
from
thence
he
culleth
out
every
year
600
horse
of
service
,
which
they
highly
esteem
,
and
name
Caramani
.
Armenia
minor
,
is
a
better
soil
,
and
more
populous
then
Cappadocia
,
round
about
incircled
with
tall
,
huge
,
broken
and
woody
mountains
.
These
Provinces
are
of
Natolia
,
governed
by
a
Beglerbeg
,
the
cheif
next
to
him
of
Romania
,
but
his
forces
are
not
esteemed
so
much
for
their
service
as
the
Europeans
.
The
whole
is
bounded
on
the
East
with
the
River
Euphrates
,
by
which
it
is
parted
from
Asia
the
Greater
,
on
the
West
with
the
Thracian
Bosphorus
and
Hellespont
,
by
which
divided
from
Europe
,
on
the
North
with
the
Euxine
Sea
,
and
on
the
South
by
the
Rhodian
,
Lydian
,
and
Pamphilion
Seas
,
so
that
it
is
almost
a
demy
Island
or
Peninsula
.
The
Island
Rhodes
.
To
omit
for
brevity
sake
thr
Provinces
of
the
Isles
,
among
which
are
reckoned
as
chief
,
Samos
,
Lesbos
,
Tenedos
,
and
principally
Rhodes
,
an
Island
an
hundred
and
forty
miles
in
compass
,
the
City
whereof
,
taken
by
Solyman
the
magnificent
on
Christmass
day
1522.
is
reputed
one
of
the
most
impregnable
Fortresses
the
Turks
possess
,
as
is
Famagusta
in
Cyprus
.
It
is
now
inhabited
by
Turks
and
Jews
which
were
banisht
out
of
Spain
.
As
to
the
story
of
Anatolia
,
it
chiefly
depends
upon
the
ruines
of
the
two
Empires
of
Constantinople
and
Trabezond
,
and
the
Kingdom
of
Caramania
,
subdued
by
Bajazet
the
second
,
since
which
time
every
parcel
thereof
became
united
to
the
Ottoman
Dominions
.
It
was
once
the
most
flourishing
part
of
the
world
,
but
hath
lost
since
some
few
Centuries
,
no
less
then
4000.
Cities
,
partly
by
earth-quakes
,
which
are
frequent
here
,
and
partly
by
the
sloth
and
natural
laziness
of
the
Turks
,
who
busie
themselves
in
nothing
but
their
lust
and
luxury
,
so
that
little
Trade
is
stirring
here
.
But
their
Horse
bred
here
retain
their
native
excellency
,
and
are
reputed
the
best
,
the
European
Horse-men
are
likewise
so
esteemed
.
And
in
these
two
consist
the
chief
power
and
strength
of
the
Turk
.
So
that
we
have
s●en
under
the
Empire
of
the
Turk
i●
com●●●hended
the
better
part
of
〈◇〉
antient
threefold
division
of
the
earth
,
which
we
will
recapitulate
and
repeat
for
the
Readers
memory
.
The
sum
of
the
Turkish
dominions
He
holdeth
in
Europe
the
whole
Sea
coast
,
which
from
the
borders
of
Epidaurus
,
stretches
it self
to
the
mouth
of
Tanais
:
whatsoever
lyeth
between
Buda
and
Constantinople
,
and
from
the
Euxine
Sea
to
the
banks
of
Savus
,
is
his
.
In
that
perambulation
is
contained
the
greater
part
of
Hungary
all
Bosnia
,
Servia
,
Bulgaria
,
Macedon
,
Epire
,
Greece
,
Pelloponese
,
Thrace
,
and
the
Archipelago
with
the
Islands
.
He
holdeth
in
Asia
and
Africk
,
all
that
is
between
Velez
de
la
Gomera
and
Alexandria
in
Aegypt
,
between
Bugla
and
Guargula
,
between
Alexandria
and
the
City
Siene
;
and
from
the
City
Suez
as
far
as
Swachen
.
The
hugeness
of
this
territory
may
be
imagined
by
the
circuit
of
some
of
the
parcels
:
Palus
Meotis
(
wholly
his
)
spreadeth
it self
a
thousand
miles
into
the
land
;
two
thousand
and
seven
hundred
miles
do
hardly
incompass
the
Euxine
Sea
.
The
coast
of
the
Mediterranean
Sea
(
as
much
as
is
subject
to
him
)
containeth
in
circuit
eight
thousand
miles
.
Egypt
wholly
his
,
is
esteemed
three
thousand
and
two
hundred
miles
;
so
far
from
Derbent
upon
the
Caspian
Sea
to
Aden
upon
the
Red
Sea
;
and
from
Balsara
upon
the
Persian
Gulf
to
Tremessen
in
Barbary
,
is
accounted
little
less
then
four
thousand
miles
.
In
the
Sea
,
he
is
Lord
of
the
most
noble
Islands
of
Ciprus
,
Eubea
,
Rhodes
,
Samos
,
Chio
,
Lesbos
,
and
many
other
in
the
Archipelago
,
of
which
before
.